TWM501441U - Melanization transmission element with electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer - Google Patents
Melanization transmission element with electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer Download PDFInfo
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本創作為有關於一種披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,特別是在傳動元件的基材上以電鍍方法所形成的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層,而產生緻密、耐腐蝕且褐黑色至黑色間色澤,供給如線性滑軌、滾珠螺桿等傳動元件使用等。This creation is about a transmission component coated with chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, especially the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating formed by electroplating on the substrate of the transmission component, resulting in dense, corrosion-resistant and brownish black to black. Color, supply such as linear slides, ball screws and other transmission components.
不論汽車、資訊、光電、通訊等消費性產品,或是攸關民生的食品產業、交通產業或綠色能源產業等,均需仰賴機械設備的工具機做為生產製造的基礎;而工具機的主要傳動機構為伺服馬達、控制器、軸承、齒輪及傳動元件等,滾珠導桿、線性滑軌或滾珠螺桿等則為傳動元件的主要應用。傳動元件中,線性滑軌係為一種滾動導引,藉由滑塊在滑軌上輕易滑動,將負載在滑塊上的平台進行高精度的線性傳動。滾珠螺桿(Ballscrew)或滾珠導桿,係藉由螺帽與螺桿之間的運動,將接連在螺帽上的零組件進行高精度的線性傳動。由於滾珠導桿、線性滑軌或滾珠螺桿具有定位精度高、高壽命、低污染和可做高速正逆向的傳動及變換傳動等特性,已成為近來精密科技產業及精密機械產業的定位及測量系統上的重要零組件之一。Regardless of consumer products such as automobiles, information, optoelectronics, and telecommunications, or the food industry, transportation industry, or green energy industry that rely on people's livelihood, it is necessary to rely on the machine tools of machinery and equipment as the basis for manufacturing; The transmission mechanism is servo motor, controller, bearing, gear and transmission components. Ball guide, linear slide or ball screw are the main applications of transmission components. In the transmission component, the linear slide is a rolling guide, and the slider is easily slid on the slide rail to perform high-precision linear transmission on the platform loaded on the slider. The ball screw (Ballscrew) or ball guide is a high-precision linear transmission of the components connected to the nut by the movement between the nut and the screw. Since the ball guide, linear slide or ball screw has the characteristics of high positioning accuracy, high life, low pollution and high-speed forward and reverse transmission and conversion transmission, it has become the positioning and measurement system of the precision technology industry and precision machinery industry. One of the important components on the top.
由於滾珠導桿、線性滑軌或滾珠螺桿的製作或組配的精度要求極高,些微的尺寸差異或披覆在滾珠導桿、線性滑軌、滾珠螺桿、滑塊或螺帽上的電鍍層(或表面處理層等)厚薄超出容忍公差,均會造成滑動的不順暢、阻礙或喪失精度。習知的滾珠導螺桿組及線性滑軌組採用的表面處理層,主要為電鍍鉻層、電鍍鎳層、無電電鍍鎳層、黑色氧化物(black oxide) 處理、磷酸鋅(錳)處理等;然而,產業界在選擇這些表面處理層面臨到厚度過厚、電鍍層不均、電鍍層不耐磨、披覆層附著力不佳或黑化度不足等問題。Due to the high precision of the manufacture or assembly of ball guides, linear slides or ball screws, slight dimensional differences or plating on ball guides, linear slides, ball screws, sliders or nuts Thickness (or surface treatment layer, etc.) exceeds tolerance tolerances, which can cause slippage, impediment, or loss of precision. The surface treatment layer used in the conventional ball lead screw group and the linear slide group is mainly an electroplated chromium layer, an electroplated nickel layer, an electroless nickel plating layer, and a black oxide. Treatment, zinc phosphate (manganese) treatment, etc.; however, the industry chooses these surface treatment layers to face excessive thickness, uneven plating, non-abrasion of the plating layer, poor adhesion of the coating layer or insufficient degree of blackening problem.
除了前述的表面處理方式外,金屬化陶瓷(metallic ceramic)係為非金屬元素参雜有金屬元素共同形成的一種類似陶瓷結構的共構物,使其兼具有金屬特性與陶瓷特性,例如,有些共構物具有一般陶瓷的硬度與甚佳耐腐蝕性、或兼具有金屬光澤性與導電性、或兼具有陶瓷的色澤等;經常應用的方法為將非金屬元素與金屬元素共同燒結形成,如金屬氮化物(如氮化鈦(TiN)等)、金屬碳化物(如石墨、碳化鎢、碳化鋯、碳化鉻、碳化矽等)、或如金屬氧化物(如氧化鉻、氧化鎢、氧化鈷)等,其他還有硼化物、矽化物等;這些金屬氮化物已廣泛應用在耐磨元件、車削刀具、熱交換器、引擎元件、生醫、軍事及太空上。In addition to the surface treatment method described above, a metallic ceramic is a ceramic-like structure in which a non-metal element is mixed with a metal element to have both a metal property and a ceramic property, for example, Some of the co-structures have the hardness of ordinary ceramics and very good corrosion resistance, or both metallic luster and electrical conductivity, or the color of ceramics. The method commonly used is to co-sinter non-metal elements with metal elements. Forming, such as metal nitrides (such as titanium nitride (TiN), etc.), metal carbides (such as graphite, tungsten carbide, zirconium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, etc.), or such as metal oxides (such as chromium oxide, tungsten oxide) , cobalt oxide, etc., other boride, telluride, etc.; these metal nitrides have been widely used in wear-resistant components, turning tools, heat exchangers, engine components, biomedical, military and space.
在許多的金屬化陶瓷成型方法中,以使用電鍍方法在基材上形成金屬化陶瓷,最為快速方便,鍍層平滑均勻,更不會造成工件的機械性能改變。如在環保及安全考量下,台灣專利公開號TW201339373揭露使用氟矽酸(H2 SiF6 )、硝酸鹽、高錳酸鹽之黑化劑,無機酸鈷之共沉積劑,磷酸鹽之錯合劑,以較為環保的三價鉻電鍍,在基材上電鍍形成非晶相結構之三價鉻氧化物電鍍層,該氧化物電鍍層相對其他技術而言,其陶瓷化的程度較高,黑化程度較高。然而,對於若干的實際應用,黑化度過深的黑色的電鍍層,難以披覆上除深黑色的其他色澤塗料,因薄的塗料層難以覆蓋黑化度過深的黑色的電鍍層;為使在黑化程度達到可具體應用的目的,如何發展其他更適合的三價鉻電鍍金屬化陶瓷,使其鍍層能具有耐磨性、耐蝕性、黑化度適當、厚度更薄,才能應用在傳動元件上。In many metallized ceramic molding methods, the formation of metallized ceramics on a substrate by using an electroplating method is the quickest and most convenient, the coating is smooth and uniform, and the mechanical properties of the workpiece are not changed. For environmental protection and safety considerations, Taiwan Patent Publication No. TW201339373 discloses the use of fluoroantimonic acid (H 2 SiF 6 ), nitrate, permanganate blackening agent, mineral acid cobalt co-depositing agent, phosphate mis-agent Electroplating with a relatively environmentally friendly trivalent chromium, electroplating on a substrate to form an amorphous phase structure of a trivalent chromium oxide plating layer, the oxide plating layer having a higher degree of ceramization than other technologies, blackening A higher degree. However, for a number of practical applications, a black electroplated layer with a deeper blackening degree is difficult to coat other dark coloring paints except dark black, and it is difficult to cover a black electroplated layer having a deep blackening degree due to a thin coating layer; In order to achieve the purpose of blackening, how to develop other more suitable trivalent chromium electroplated metallized ceramics, so that the coating can have wear resistance, corrosion resistance, appropriate blackening degree and thinner thickness. On the transmission element.
有鑑於上述習知技藝之問題,本創作主要目的之一為提出一種披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,該傳動元件由一元件基材所製成,並在元件基材上以電鍍的方法,電鍍一層的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層。其中元件基材之材料選自於鐵、鎳、鉻、鉬、銅之一金屬或含有鐵、鎳、鉻、鉬、 銅的合金。In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, one of the main purposes of the present invention is to provide a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, which is made of a component substrate and plated on the component substrate. The method comprises electroplating a layer of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating. The material of the component substrate is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper, or iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, Copper alloy.
其中,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層係以電鍍方法在元件基材上形成,係由鉻元素、氧元素、氫元素、鈷元素與磷元素所組成,係為非晶相結構;成份至少包含下列:鉻(Cr)、氧化鉻(Cr2 O3 )、氫氧化鉻(Cr(OH)3 )、鈷(Co)及氧化鈷;其中氧化鈷為四氧化三鈷(Co3 O4 )或三氧化二鈷(Co2 O3 )之一或其組合;氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的厚度甚薄且緻密,其厚度為0.5~3μm,對於不同應用時厚度可為2μm以下;所電鍍上的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層為褐黑色至黑色間,其灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)為25至45之間;其中,灰階值係為量度黑色的程度,採用100個灰色色階,灰階的亮度從灰階值0(黑色)到灰階值99(白色)。其中,所謂氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的厚度係指電鍍層的平均厚度,而非指特定量測點的厚度,以下相同,不再贅述。The chromium-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer is formed on the element substrate by electroplating, and is composed of chromium element, oxygen element, hydrogen element, cobalt element and phosphorus element, and is an amorphous phase structure; the composition includes at least the following: chromium (Cr), chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), chromium hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3 ), cobalt (Co) and cobalt oxide; wherein the cobalt oxide is cobalt trioxide (Co 3 O 4 ) or cobalt sesquioxide (Co 2 O 3 ) or a combination thereof; the thickness of the chromium oxide cobalt composite coating is very thin and dense, and the thickness thereof is 0.5 to 3 μm, and the thickness may be 2 μm or less for different applications; the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating on the plating is brown Between black and black, the gray value scale (L%) is between 25 and 45; wherein the gray scale value is the degree of black measurement, using 100 gray scales, the gray scale brightness from gray The order value is 0 (black) to the gray level value of 99 (white). The thickness of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer refers to the average thickness of the plating layer, and does not refer to the thickness of the specific measurement point, which is the same as the following, and will not be described again.
由於氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層係由鉻元素、氧元素、氫元素、鈷元素與磷元素所組成的非晶相結構,含有較高含量比的三氧化二鉻(Cr2 O3 )與更多含量比的四氧化三鈷(Co3 O4 ),使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層形成陶瓷化,故可使鍍層能具有高的灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)至少達到25至45之間。Since the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating consists of an amorphous phase structure composed of chromium, oxygen, hydrogen, cobalt and phosphorus, it contains a higher content of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) and more. The ratio of cobalt trioxide (Co 3 O 4 ) causes the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite coating to be ceramicized, so that the plating layer can have a high gray value scale (L%) of at least 25 to 45.
更進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層表面更有複數個溝狀微結構,該些溝狀微結構的寬度大致小於200nm、至少有一溝狀微結構的寬度小於100nm,該些溝狀微結構為氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層時陰極表面產生氣體所造成的溝槽,由於這些溝槽的不一致方向排列,使入射在表面的光線難以反射,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值較低而黑化度較高。前述之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之該溝狀微結構的80%寬度W80 係小於10μm以下,利用該溝狀微結構的很小寬度,使入射在表面的光線被該溝狀微結構所攔阻,不易反射,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值較低而黑化度較高。其中W80 為任一顯微照相(如TEM)中,對溝狀微結構寬度W進行量測,量測之各量測數據由小排列到最大,由小到大佔80%數量的寬度為W80 寬度,即佔80%量測數據的最大寬度。Furthermore, the transmission element of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating proposed by the present invention has a plurality of groove-like microstructures on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, and the width of the groove-like microstructures is substantially less than 200 nm and at least one groove-like shape The width of the microstructure is less than 100 nm. The groove-like microstructure is a groove caused by gas generated on the surface of the cathode when the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is formed. Due to the inconsistent direction of the grooves, the light incident on the surface is difficult to reflect and oxidize. The chrome-cobalt composite coating has a lower gray scale value and a higher degree of blackening. The 80% width W 80 of the groove-like microstructure of the chromia-cobalt composite plating layer is less than 10 μm, and the light incident on the surface is blocked by the groove-like microstructure by using a small width of the groove-like microstructure. It is not easy to reflect, so that the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating has a lower gray scale value and a higher degree of blackening. Where W 80 is any photomicrography (such as TEM), the width W of the grooved microstructure is measured, and the measured data of each measurement is from small to large, and the width from small to large is 80%. W 80 width, which is the maximum width of 80% of the measured data.
在後續的實施例中的穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscopy,TEM)圖可見,本創作的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動 元件,在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的表面形成溝狀微結構,該溝痕狀為深度極淺,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層仍保有甚佳的耐蝕性外,由於溝狀微結構使照射在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層表面的光線不易折射,更降低了氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)。In the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of the subsequent embodiment, the transmission of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating can be seen. The element forms a groove-like microstructure on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, and the groove is in the form of a very shallow depth, so that the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating still retains good corrosion resistance, and the groove-like microstructure allows irradiation of chromium oxide. The light on the surface of the cobalt composite coating is not easily refracted, and the gray value scale (L%) of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is further reduced.
更進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其中,該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層成分進一步包含:磷化鉻(CrP)與磷化鈷,其中,磷化鈷為二價鈷或三價鈷之磷化物(CoP、Co2 P3 )之一或其組合。Further, the present invention proposes a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, wherein the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating further comprises: chromium phosphide (CrP) and cobalt phosphide, wherein the cobalt phosphide is divalent cobalt Or one of trivalent cobalt phosphides (CoP, Co 2 P 3 ) or a combination thereof.
又進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,該披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件之構造進一步包含一樹脂層,該樹脂層係附著於該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之全部或一部份;該樹脂層可為二氧化矽(SiO2 )、聚矽氧烷化合物(polysiloxane)、全氟碳化物(Perfluorinated chemicals,PFCs)、全氟樹脂(fluororesin)、酚醛樹脂(phenolic resins)、丙烯酸樹脂(或稱為聚羰基乙烯樹脂polycarboxyethylene resin)、丙烯酸矽改質樹脂(或稱為聚羰基乙烯變性矽樹脂polycarboxyethylene silicon modified resin)之一或其組合,不為所限。Further, in the present invention, the transmission component of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is coated, and the structure of the transmission component of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating further comprises a resin layer attached to the chrome-cobalt composite plating layer. All or a part; the resin layer may be cerium oxide (SiO 2 ), polysiloxane, perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), fluororesin, phenolic resin One or a combination of resins, acrylic resin (or polycarboxyethylene resin), or polycarboxyethylene silicon modified resin (not known as polycarboxyethylene modified resin) is not limited.
對於不同應用,可依據需求,在前述的樹脂中添加各種顏色的顏料或消光劑,以呈現不同色澤或無光的顏色,不為所限。更由於氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的色澤為褐黑色至黑色間,當使用除黑色以外的淺色顏料、薄的樹脂層塗層時,仍可以完整覆蓋氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的色澤;又,當不添加顏料之俗稱清漆時,透明或半透明的樹脂層可將氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的褐黑色顯露出來,形成高貴的色澤,更可擴大應用。For different applications, pigments or matting agents of various colors may be added to the aforementioned resins according to requirements to exhibit different colors or matt colors, which are not limited. Moreover, since the color of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is brownish-black to black, when a light-colored pigment other than black and a thin resin layer coating are used, the color of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating can be completely covered; When a pigment is commonly known as a varnish, a transparent or translucent resin layer can reveal the brownish black color of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating to form a noble color and expand the application.
本創作另一主要目的就為提出一種披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,該傳動元件由一元件基材所製成,並在元件基材表面覆蓋一中介層,於中介層上電鍍一層的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層;其中元件基材係為金屬或非金屬材質,中介層係為鐵、鎳、鉻、銅、銀、金之一金屬或其合金所組成,係以電鍍、無電鍍、蒸鍍(包含PVD、CVD等)其一或其組合所形成。Another main purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating. The transmission component is made of a component substrate, and an interposer is coated on the surface of the component substrate, and a layer is plated on the interposer. The chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating; wherein the component substrate is made of metal or non-metal, and the interposer is composed of iron, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, gold or a metal thereof, and is electroplated, electroless, One of or a combination of vapor deposition (including PVD, CVD, etc.) is formed.
其中,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層係以電鍍方法在中介層上形成,係由鉻元素、氧元素、氫元素、鈷元素與磷元素所組成,係為非晶相結構; 成份包含下列:鉻(Cr)、氧化鉻(Cr2 O3 )、氫氧化鉻(Cr(OH)3 )及氧化鈷;其中氧化鈷為四氧化三鈷(Co3 O4 )或三氧化二鈷(Co2 O3 )之一或其組合;氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的厚度甚薄且緻密,其厚度為0.5~3μm,對於不同應用時厚度可為2μm以下;所電鍍上的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層為褐黑色至黑色間,其灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)為25至45之間。The chromium-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is formed on the interposer by electroplating, consisting of chromium element, oxygen element, hydrogen element, cobalt element and phosphorus element, and is an amorphous phase structure; the composition includes the following: chromium (Cr ), chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), chromium hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3 ), and cobalt oxide; wherein the cobalt oxide is one of cobalt trioxide (Co 3 O 4 ) or cobalt dioxide (Co 2 O 3 ) or The combination; the thickness of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is very thin and compact, and the thickness thereof is 0.5~3μm, and the thickness can be less than 2μm for different applications; the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating on the plating is brownish black to black, and its ash The gray value scale (L%) is between 25 and 45.
其中,該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值係使用光譜色度計(Spectra Scan Colorimeter)量測其灰階值,當灰階值為100%時表示為全白、當灰階值為0%時表示為全黑。Wherein, the gray scale value of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is measured by a Spectra Scan Colorimeter, and when the gray scale value is 100%, it is expressed as all white, and when the gray scale value is 0% When expressed as all black.
更進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層表面更有複數個溝狀微結構,該些溝狀微結構的寬度大致小於200nm、至少有一溝狀微結構的寬度小於100nm,該些溝狀微結構為氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層時陰極表面產生氣體所造成的溝槽,由於這些溝槽的不一致方向排列,使入射在表面的光線難以反射,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值較低而黑化度較高。前述之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之該溝狀微結構的80%寬度W80 係小於10μm以下,利用該溝狀微結構的很小寬度,使入射在表面的光線被該溝狀微結構所攔阻,不易反射,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值較低而黑化度較高。其中W80 為任一顯微照相(如TEM)中,對溝狀微結構寬度W進行量測,量測之各量測數據由小排列到最大,由小到大佔80%數量的寬度為W80 寬度,即佔80%量測數據的最大寬度。Furthermore, the transmission element of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating proposed by the present invention has a plurality of groove-like microstructures on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, and the width of the groove-like microstructures is substantially less than 200 nm and at least one groove-like shape The width of the microstructure is less than 100 nm. The groove-like microstructure is a groove caused by gas generated on the surface of the cathode when the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating is formed. Due to the inconsistent direction of the grooves, the light incident on the surface is difficult to reflect and oxidize. The chrome-cobalt composite coating has a lower gray scale value and a higher degree of blackening. The 80% width W 80 of the groove-like microstructure of the chromia-cobalt composite plating layer is less than 10 μm, and the light incident on the surface is blocked by the groove-like microstructure by using a small width of the groove-like microstructure. It is not easy to reflect, so that the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating has a lower gray scale value and a higher degree of blackening. Where W 80 is any photomicrography (such as TEM), the width W of the grooved microstructure is measured, and the measured data of each measurement is from small to large, and the width from small to large is 80%. W 80 width, which is the maximum width of 80% of the measured data.
更進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其中,該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層成分進一步包含:磷化鉻(CrP)與磷化鈷,其中,磷化鈷為二價鈷或三價鈷之磷化物(CoP、Co2 P3 )之一或其組合。Further, the present invention proposes a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, wherein the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating further comprises: chromium phosphide (CrP) and cobalt phosphide, wherein the cobalt phosphide is divalent cobalt Or one of trivalent cobalt phosphides (CoP, Co 2 P 3 ) or a combination thereof.
更進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層具有良好的耐蝕性,其耐候性依據ASTM B-117 5%鹽霧試驗標準至少96小時以上。Furthermore, the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the coated chromium oxide-cobalt composite coating proposed by the present invention has good corrosion resistance, and its weather resistance is at least 96 hours according to the ASTM B-117 5% salt spray test standard.
又進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,可在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層上再附著一樹脂層,其樹脂層可為二氧化矽(SiO2)、聚矽氧烷化合物(polysiloxane)、全氟碳化物(Perfluorinated chemicals,PFCs)、全氟樹脂(fluororesin)、酚醛樹脂(phenolic resins)、丙烯酸樹脂(或 稱為聚羰基乙烯樹脂polycarboxyethylene resin)、丙烯酸矽改質樹脂(或稱為聚羰基乙烯變性矽樹脂polycarboxyethylene silicon modified resin)之一或其組合,不為所限。由於氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層具有良好的塗料結合力,其樹脂層之附著力依據ASTM-D3359百格試驗為4B以上。Further, the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating proposed by the present invention may further adhere a resin layer on the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer, and the resin layer may be cerium oxide (SiO2) or polyoxy siloxane compound ( Polysiloxane), perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), fluororesin, phenolic resins, acrylics (or One or a combination of a polycarboxyethylene resin, or a combination of a polycarboxyethylene resin, or a combination thereof, is not limited. Since the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating has good coating adhesion, the adhesion of the resin layer is 4B or more according to the ASTM-D3359 test.
對於不同應用,可依據需求,在前述的樹脂中添加各種顏色的顏料、消光劑、清漆等;如前所述。For different applications, pigments, matting agents, varnishes, and the like of various colors may be added to the aforementioned resins as needed; as described above.
承上所述,依本創作之一種披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,其可具有一或多個下述優點:According to the above description, a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating can have one or more of the following advantages:
(1)本創作參酌台灣專利公開號TW201339373揭露的電鍍方法,經潛心研究與多次試驗改變配方組成後,成功使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層增加了氧化鈷,改善了台灣專利公開號TW201339373揭露的電鍍鍍層的黑化度不足的缺點。為能增加黑化程度,本創作更為進步地形成更多含量比的三氧化二鉻(Cr2 O3 )與更多含量比的四氧化三鈷(Co3 O4 )的陶瓷化,使鍍層能具有高的灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)至少達到25至45之間,才能應用在滑軌、螺桿等滑動元件上。(1) This creation takes into account the electroplating method disclosed in Taiwan Patent Publication No. TW201339373. After painstaking research and repeated trials to change the formulation composition, the cobalt oxide-cobalt composite coating was successfully added with cobalt oxide, and the electroplating disclosed in Taiwan Patent Publication No. TW201339373 was improved. The disadvantage of insufficient blackening of the coating. In order to increase the degree of blackening, the present invention more progressively forms more content ratio of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) and more content ratio of eutectic cobalt trioxide (Co 3 O 4 ), so that the coating can have A high gray value scale (L%) of at least 25 to 45 can be applied to sliding elements such as slide rails and screws.
(2)由於本創作更進步地改變習知的三價鉻電鍍形成的黑色鍍層,除達到陶瓷化的目的外,更進步地在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的表面形成溝狀微結構,該溝痕狀為深度極淺,沒有深及元件基材,使氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層具有甚佳的耐蝕性外,更由於溝狀微結構使照射在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層表面的光線不易折射,更降低了氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之灰階值(gray value scale)(L%),更利於應用在滑軌、螺桿等滑動元件上。(2) As the creation changes the black plating formed by the conventional trivalent chromium plating more progressively, in addition to the purpose of ceramization, a groove-like microstructure is formed on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating more progressively. The shape is extremely shallow, and there is no deep and element substrate, so that the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating has good corrosion resistance, and the groove-like microstructure makes the light irradiated on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating less refracting, and the lowering is further reduced. The gray value of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating (L%) is more suitable for sliding elements such as slide rails and screws.
(3)本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層具有良好的漆料附著性,藉由氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層表面的溝槽及鉻鈷氧化物之金屬化陶瓷的特性可提供良好的塗料基底,使該樹脂層有良好的附著力,可達ASTM-D3359百格試驗4B以上。(3) The chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention has good paint adhesion, and provides a good coating substrate by the characteristics of the groove on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating and the metallized ceramic of chrome-cobalt oxide. The resin layer has good adhesion and can reach the ASTM-D3359 hundred grid test 4B or more.
(4)本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的色澤為褐黑色至黑色間,當使用淺色顏料、薄的樹脂層塗層時,可以完整覆蓋氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的色澤,甚至可形成高貴的色澤,可擴大應用。(4) The color of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of this creation is from brownish black to black. When using light pigment and thin resin layer coating, it can completely cover the color of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, and even form noble Color can be expanded.
為使能更進一步瞭解本創作的特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下 有關本創作的詳細說明與附圖,然而所附圖式僅提供參考與說明用,並非用來對本創作加以限制者。To enable a better understanding of the features and technical content of this creation, please see below The detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are merely for the purpose of illustration and description.
1‧‧‧元件基材(element substrate)1‧‧‧element substrate
2‧‧‧中介層(inter layer)2‧‧‧Inter layer
3‧‧‧氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層(electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer)3‧‧‧electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer
31‧‧‧溝狀微結構(grooved microstructure)31‧‧‧ Grooved microstructure
4‧‧‧樹脂層(resin layer)4‧‧‧resin layer
11‧‧‧線性滑軌組(linear slide rail set)11‧‧‧linear slide rail set
111‧‧‧滑軌(slide rail)111‧‧‧slide rail (slide rail)
112‧‧‧滑塊(sliding block)112‧‧‧Sliding block
12‧‧‧滾珠螺桿組(ball screw set)12‧‧‧ball screw set
121‧‧‧螺桿(ball screw)121‧‧‧sctus (ball screw)
122‧‧‧螺帽(nut)122‧‧‧ Nuts
W‧‧‧溝狀微結構的寬度(width of grooved microstructure)W‧‧‧width of grooved microstructure
第1圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的示意圖;第2圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之元素分析圖;第3圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件鍍層不同深度的成份分析圖譜;第4圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第一實施例示意圖;第5圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第三實施例示意圖一;以及第6圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第三實施例示意圖二。Figure 1 is a schematic view of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention; Figure 2 is an elemental analysis diagram of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention; and Figure 3 is a transmission component coating of the coated chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite coating. The composition analysis map of different depths; the fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating; the fifth figure is the third implementation of the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams 2 of the third embodiment of the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating.
圖式附件:附件第I圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之表面形貌照片(一);附件第II圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之表面形貌照片(二);附件第III圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之表面形貌照片電鍍時氣體產生的溝槽照片(一);附件第IV圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之表面形貌照片電鍍時氣體產生的溝槽照片(二);以及 附件第V圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之鍍層截面的照片。Attachment of the figure: Attachment I is a photograph of the surface topography of the chromic-cobalt-cobalt composite coating produced by the penetrating microscope. (Part I); Figure II of the annex is the penetrating type of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating. Photomicrograph of the surface of the microscope (2); Annex III is the photomicrograph of the chromic-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the chromic-cobalt composite coating. The photo of the groove produced by the gas during electroplating (1); Figure IV is a photograph of the groove generated by the gas during the electroplating of the chromic-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention. Figure V of the annex is a photograph of the cross section of the chromia-cobalt composite coating of the creation.
有關本創作之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效,在以下配合參考圖式及實施例的詳細說明中,將可清楚的呈現。The foregoing and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the drawings and the detailed description.
本創作的技術係於三價鉻電鍍液中,溶解有三價鉻鹽、錯合劑、黑化劑(blackening additive)與鈷離子之共沉積劑;當滑動元件的元件基材1開始電鍍時,會使金屬鉻還原而使鉻氧化與磷化、使金屬鈷還原而使鈷氧化或磷化,共同沉積形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3,請參見第1圖,第1圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層的示意圖,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3係由鉻元素、氧元素、鈷元素、氫元素、與磷元素所組成。The technique of the present invention is in a trivalent chromium plating solution in which a covalent deposition agent of a trivalent chromium salt, a binder, a blackening additive and a cobalt ion is dissolved; when the component substrate 1 of the sliding member starts to be plated, Reduction of metallic chromium to oxidize and phosphate chromium, reduction of metallic cobalt, oxidation or phosphating of cobalt, co-deposition to form chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3, see Figure 1, Figure 1 is a chrome-cobalt oxide Schematic diagram of the composite plating layer, the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 is composed of chromium element, oxygen element, cobalt element, hydrogen element, and phosphorus element.
工具的元件基材1可為金屬或非金屬,當元件基材1為金屬時,如鐵、鎳、鉻、鉬、銅之一或其合金(如高碳鋼、鉻鉬鋼、不鏽鋼等)時,可在元件基材1上直接進行電鍍形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3。另外,當元件基材1為鈦、鋁等不易電鍍的金屬時,可在元件基材1上先以電鍍、無電鍍、蒸鍍、氣相沉積、物理沉積等方法形成鐵、鎳、鉻、銅、銀、金之一金屬或其合金的中介層2;於中介層2上採用如上的方法形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3。The component substrate 1 of the tool may be metal or non-metal. When the component substrate 1 is a metal, such as iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper or an alloy thereof (such as high carbon steel, chrome molybdenum steel, stainless steel, etc.) At this time, the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 can be formed by direct plating on the element substrate 1. In addition, when the element substrate 1 is a metal that is not easily plated, such as titanium or aluminum, iron, nickel, and chromium may be formed on the element substrate 1 by electroplating, electroless plating, vapor deposition, vapor deposition, physical deposition, or the like. An interposer 2 of copper, silver, gold or a metal thereof; and a chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 formed on the interposer 2 by the above method.
對於不同的應用,滑動元件的元件基材1可為金屬或非金屬,當元件基材1為非金屬時,如塑膠材料、陶瓷材料、玻璃材料或纖維材料,可在元件基材1上先以電鍍、無電鍍、蒸鍍、氣相沉積、物理沉積等方法形成鐵、鎳、鉻、銅、銀、金之一金屬或其合金的中介層2;於中介層2上採用如上的方法形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3。對於不同的應用元件基材1為金屬時,也可在元件基材1上先以電鍍、無電鍍、蒸鍍、氣相沉積、物理沉積等方法形成鐵、鎳、鉻、銅、銀、金之一金屬或其合金的中介層2。For different applications, the component substrate 1 of the sliding element may be metal or non-metal, and when the component substrate 1 is non-metallic, such as a plastic material, a ceramic material, a glass material or a fiber material, the component substrate 1 may be first Forming an interposer 2 of iron, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, gold or a metal thereof by electroplating, electroless plating, vapor deposition, vapor deposition, physical deposition, etc.; forming on the interposer 2 by the above method Chromium oxide cobalt composite plating 3. For different application elements, when the substrate 1 is made of metal, iron, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, gold may be formed on the element substrate 1 by electroplating, electroless plating, vapor deposition, vapor deposition, physical deposition, or the like. An intervening layer 2 of one metal or alloy thereof.
在台灣專利公開號TW201339373所揭露使用的三價鉻電鍍方法,其三價鉻電鍍液經創作人長期研究後,為調整鍍層的黑化程度在褐黑色至黑色間以符合具體應用,本創作使用之三價鉻電鍍液組成如表一或 可使用表二。調整三價鉻電鍍液組成的成份與濃度比例,可調整氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的色澤,由灰階值(L%)25至45之間。The trivalent chromium plating method disclosed in Taiwan Patent Publication No. TW201339373, after the long-term study by the creator of the trivalent chromium plating solution, adjusts the degree of blackening of the plating layer from brownish black to black to meet the specific application, and the creation uses The composition of the trivalent chromium plating solution is shown in Table 1 or Table 2 can be used. Adjusting the composition and concentration ratio of the composition of the trivalent chromium plating solution, the color of the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 can be adjusted, and the gray scale value (L%) is between 25 and 45.
由此,採用氟矽酸(H2 SiF6 )、硝酸鹽或鋇鹽之黑化劑,無機酸鈷之共沉積劑,鹵素鹽類之錯合劑,以環保的三價鉻電鍍,在元件基材1上電鍍形成非晶相結構之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3。參見第2圖,第2圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之元素分析圖;再請參見第3圖,第3圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件鍍層不同深度的成份分析圖譜,由第2圖與第3圖可得,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3主要由氧元素、鉻元素、鈷元素所組成,其中仍有氫元素,但氫元素的原子百分比At%(atomic ratio)則無法分析得到;次要由磷元素所組成;該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3再經化學分析後, 氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3係由下列所組成:(1)鉻金屬(Cr)與氧化鉻(Cr2 O3 ),及少量的不同組成的氧與鉻的化合物;而當三氧化二鉻(Cr2 O3 )的含量愈高,其氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之黑化程度愈高;(2)三價鉻之氫氧化物(Cr(OH)3 )與磷化鉻(CrP),及少量的不同組成的氫氧根與鉻的化合物、磷與鉻的化合物;(3)鈷(Co)與氧化鈷(Co3 O4 ),及少量的不同組成的氧與鈷的化合物,如二價鈷或三價鈷之氧化物(三氧化二鈷Co2 O3 、氧化亞鈷CoO)等;當四氧化三鈷的含量愈高,其氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之黑化程度愈高;(4)氫氧化鈷(Co(OH)3 )與磷化鈷(CoP),及二價鈷或三價鈷之氫氧化物(如Co(OH)2 )、二價鈷或三價鈷之磷化物(如Co3 P2 )等。Thus, a blackening agent of fluoroantimonic acid (H 2 SiF 6 ), a nitrate or a cerium salt, a co-depositing agent of a mineral acid cobalt, a complexing agent of a halogen salt, and an environmentally friendly trivalent chromium plating are used in the element base. The material 1 is electroplated to form an oxidized chromium-cobalt composite plating layer 3 having an amorphous phase structure. See Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is an elemental analysis diagram of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention; see also Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is the coating layer of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating of the present invention. The composition analysis spectrum is obtained from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The chromium oxide cobalt composite coating 3 is mainly composed of oxygen element, chromium element and cobalt element, and there is still hydrogen element, but the atomic percentage of hydrogen element is At% (atomic) The ratio can not be analyzed; the second is composed of phosphorus; after the chemical analysis of the chromium-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3, the chromium-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 consists of the following: (1) chromium metal (Cr) and oxidation Chromium (Cr 2 O 3 ), and a small amount of oxygen and chromium compounds of different compositions; and the higher the content of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), the higher the degree of blackening of the chromium-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 (2) a trivalent chromium hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3 ) and chromium phosphide (CrP), and a small amount of a different composition of a hydroxide and chromium compound, a compound of phosphorus and chromium; (3) cobalt (Co) with cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ), and a small amount of oxygen and cobalt compounds of different composition, such as oxygen of divalent cobalt or trivalent cobalt The compound (cobalt trioxide Co 2 O 3 , cobalt oxide CoO), etc.; the higher the content of tricobalt tetroxide, the higher the degree of blackening of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3; (4) cobalt hydroxide (Co(OH) 3 ) with cobalt phosphide (CoP), and hydroxide of divalent cobalt or trivalent cobalt (such as Co(OH) 2 ), divalent cobalt or phosphide of trivalent cobalt (such as Co 3 P 2 ).
請參見圖式附件第I、II圖,圖式附件第I與圖式附件II圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之不同放大倍率的表面形貌照片,該氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的表面除前述四個群組構成非晶相結構外,更具有溝狀微結構31。藉由此溝狀微結構31,本創作的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之滑動元件,使照射在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3表面的光線不易折射,更降低了氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之灰階值(gray value scale)(L%);其中,灰階值係為量度黑色的程度,採用100個灰色色階,灰階的亮度從灰階值0%(黑色)到灰階值99%(白色)。本創作的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3,為使黑化度足夠,使入射光線不易反射,在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的表面形成溝狀微結構,其中寬度的W80 小於10μm以下。Please refer to the attached drawings I and II of the figure. The attached figure I and the attached figure II of the figure are the surface shapes of the transmission magnification of the transmission elements of the coated chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite coating. As a photo, the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 has a groove-like microstructure 31 in addition to the above-described four groups to constitute an amorphous phase structure. With the groove-like microstructure 31, the sliding element of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 of the present invention makes the light irradiated on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 hard to be refracted, and the gray scale value of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is further reduced. (gray value scale) (L%); where the grayscale value is the degree of black measurement, using 100 gray scales, the grayscale brightness from grayscale value 0% (black) to grayscale value 99% (white ). In the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 of the present invention, in order to make the degree of blackening sufficient, the incident light is not easily reflected, and a groove-like microstructure is formed on the surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3, wherein the width W 80 is less than 10 μm.
請參見圖式附件第III、IV圖,圖式附件第III與圖式附件第IV圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之穿透式顯微鏡TEM拍攝之不同位置的表面形貌照片,由圖顯示,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3表面更有複數個溝槽狀的溝狀微結構31,該些溝狀微結構31的寬度大致小於100~200nm,或甚至約為20nm,該些溝狀微結構31為形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3時陰極表面產生氣體所造成的溝槽,由於這些溝槽的不一致方向排列,使入射在表面的光線難以反射,更降低了氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之灰階值(gray value scale)(L%)。Please refer to Figure III and IV of the attached figure. Figure III of the attached figure and Figure IV of the attached figure show the surface topography of the different positions of the penetrating microscope TEM shot of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating. As shown in the figure, the surface of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 has a plurality of groove-like groove-like microstructures 31 having a width of substantially less than 100 to 200 nm, or even about 20 nm. The microstructure 31 is a groove caused by gas generated on the surface of the cathode when the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is formed. Due to the inconsistent direction of the grooves, the light incident on the surface is difficult to be reflected, and the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is further reduced. Gray value scale (L%).
氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的厚度(膜厚)可依據電鍍的條件進行調整,為使該披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件在電鍍前後的變化尺寸不致影響其機械精度,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之膜厚較佳為2μm以下,或為0.25~2μm;對於不同應用時,可延長電鍍的時間與降低電鍍溫度,使厚度可增加至3μm以下;若電鍍的時間再增加則可超過5μm以上,但其附著力將會下降,此雖非最佳的鍍層但仍以本創作的技術輕易達成。氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的厚度(膜厚)可使用許多科學方法檢驗,或可使用鍍層截面的顯微照片分析之,如圖式附件第V圖,圖式附件第V圖為本創作之氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之鍍層截面的照片。The thickness (film thickness) of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 can be adjusted according to the plating conditions, so that the variation of the transmission component of the coated chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating layer before and after electroplating does not affect the mechanical precision, the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating layer The film thickness of 3 is preferably 2 μm or less, or 0.25 to 2 μm; for different applications, the plating time can be extended and the plating temperature can be lowered to increase the thickness to less than 3 μm; if the plating time is increased, the thickness can be more than 5 μm. However, its adhesion will be reduced, although this is not the best coating, but it is easily achieved by the technique of this creation. The thickness (film thickness) of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 can be examined by many scientific methods, or can be analyzed by photomicrograph of the cross-section of the plating layer, as shown in the attached figure V of the figure, and the figure V of the attached figure is the oxidation of the creation. Photograph of the cross section of the chrome-cobalt composite coating.
氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之表面硬度800Hv,可依據電鍍的條件進行調整對於不同應用可達1200Hv以上。The surface hardness of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 is 800Hv, which can be adjusted according to the plating conditions for different applications up to 1200Hv.
氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之線性極化腐蝕電流小於1×10-5 安培以下,可依據電鍍的條件進行調整對於不同應用可達1×10-6 安培以下。The linear polarization corrosion current of the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 is less than 1×10 -5 ampere, which can be adjusted according to the plating conditions for different applications up to 1×10 -6 ampere.
氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3之耐候性,鹽霧試驗係依據ASTM B-117於5%氯化鈉霧滴之耐候性試驗至少可通過96小時,可依據電鍍的條件進行調整對於不同應用可達168小時以上。Weathering resistance of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3, salt spray test according to ASTM B-117 in 5% sodium chloride spray weather resistance test for at least 96 hours, can be adjusted according to plating conditions for different applications up to 168 More than an hour.
又進一步,本創作提出的披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件,可在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3上再噴塗一樹脂層4(參見第7圖),其樹脂層4可為二氧化矽(SiO2 )基的膠體塗料(so-gel)、聚矽氧烷化合物基的塗料、全氟碳化物基的塗料、全氟樹脂基的塗料、酚醛樹脂基的塗料、丙烯酸樹脂的塗料(又稱為壓克力塗料)、丙烯酸矽改質樹脂的塗料等,但其他各種塗料均可適用,在此不再一一列舉。由於氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3表面具有溝紋且形成顆粒狀的粗糙面,因此具有良好的塗料結合力,其樹脂層3之附著力依據ASTM-D3359百格試驗至少為4B以上。Further, the transmission element of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating proposed by the present invention may be further coated with a resin layer 4 on the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 (see FIG. 7), and the resin layer 4 may be cerium oxide (see FIG. 7). SiO 2 ) based colloidal coatings (so-gel), polyoxyalkylene compound based coatings, perfluorocarbon based coatings, perfluororesin based coatings, phenolic based coatings, acrylic coatings (also known as It is an acrylic paint), an acrylic enamel-modified resin coating, etc., but various other coatings are applicable, and will not be enumerated here. Since the surface of the chromia-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 has grooves and forms a grainy rough surface, it has good coating adhesion, and the adhesion of the resin layer 3 is at least 4 B or more according to the ASTM-D3359 test.
二氧化矽(SiO2 )基的膠體塗料係以膠體(so-gel)狀的二氧化矽的水分散液為成膜物質,因二氧化矽具有高孔隙性、親水性及高比表面積等特性,可增加硬度、耐磨與抗刮傷性,提供氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的表面保護。The SiO 2 -based colloidal coating is a film-forming material of a colloidal (so-gel) cerium oxide. The cerium oxide has high porosity, hydrophilicity and high specific surface area. It can increase hardness, wear resistance and scratch resistance, and provide surface protection of chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3.
矽烷聚合物(silane)聚矽氧烷化合物(polysiloxane)的塗料可 提供氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的表面具有耐磨性、潤滑性、附著性與簡易的加工性。其中,聚矽氧烷化合物(polysiloxane)的塗料,係以矽烷化合物與例如丙烯酸酯聚合物等物質產生共聚反應形成的矽烷聚合物的塗料,可增進氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3表面物性,具有滑性、貼合、抗刮、表面光滑、撓曲性與疏水性。A coating of a silane polysiloxane compound The surface of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is provided with abrasion resistance, lubricity, adhesion, and simple processability. Wherein, the polysiloxane coating is a coating of a decane polymer formed by copolymerization of a decane compound with a substance such as an acrylate polymer, which can enhance the surface physical properties of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3, and has a slip property. , fit, scratch resistant, smooth surface, flexibility and hydrophobicity.
全氟碳化物(Perfluorinated chemicals,PFCs)的塗料,全氟碳化合物(PFCs)是一有機化合物,塗料的主要特性是耐化性佳、加工性佳、耐熱性能至260℃、高的潤滑特性。塗佈全氟碳化物塗料的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的滑動元件可為航空器材、墊片、墊圈、防火絕緣工具、桶槽、容器、3C產品的表面塗裝或醫學器材使用。Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) coatings, perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are an organic compound. The main characteristics of the coatings are good chemical resistance, good processability, heat resistance to 260 ° C, and high lubricating properties. The sliding element of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 coated with a perfluorocarbon coating can be used for aerospace equipment, gaskets, gaskets, fire insulation tools, tanks, containers, surface coatings for 3C products, or medical equipment.
全氟樹脂(fluororesin)的塗料,例如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)塗料、聚三氟氯乙烯(PCTFE)塗料、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)塗料、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(ETFE)塗料、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物(ECTFE)塗料、聚氟乙烯(PVF)塗料、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物(俗稱可熔性聚四氟乙烯,PFA)塗料、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物(俗稱氟塑料46,FEP)塗料、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-全氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物塗料等,塗佈全氟樹脂塗料的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的滑動元件可具有優異的耐高低溫性能、介電性能、化學穩定性、耐候性、不燃性、不黏性和低的摩擦係數等特性。Perfluororesin coatings such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coatings, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) coatings, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coatings, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) coatings, Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) coating, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) coating, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (commonly known as fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA) coating, tetrafluoroethylene Ethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (commonly known as fluoroplastic 46, FEP) coating, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer coating, chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating coated with perfluororesin coating 3 The sliding element can have excellent properties such as high and low temperature resistance, dielectric properties, chemical stability, weather resistance, non-combustibility, non-stickiness and low friction coefficient.
酚醛樹脂(phenolic resins)塗料,係由酚與醛縮合聚合而生成的合成樹脂,塗佈酚醛樹脂塗料的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的滑動元件可具有堅硬、耐磨、耐水、耐潮、耐化學腐蝕、絕緣等特點。A phenolic resin coating is a synthetic resin formed by condensation polymerization of a phenol and an aldehyde. The sliding element of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 coated with a phenolic resin coating can be hard, wear-resistant, water-resistant, moisture-resistant, and chemically resistant. , insulation and other characteristics.
塗佈丙烯酸樹脂的塗料或丙烯酸矽改質樹脂的塗料(又稱為壓克力變性樹脂塗料、聚羰基乙烯變性矽樹脂塗料)的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3的滑動元件可具有表面堅硬、耐磨、耐化學腐蝕等特點,尤其在噴塗控制良好下,使用丙烯酸矽改質樹脂的塗料之本創作滑動元件可達到鉛筆硬度3H以上的硬度。The sliding element of the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 coated with an acrylic resin coating or an acrylic enamel modified resin coating (also known as an acrylic modified resin coating or a polycarbonylethylene modified silicone resin coating) may have a hard surface and wear resistance. It is resistant to chemical corrosion, especially in the case of good spray control. The original sliding element of the paint using acrylic enamel modified resin can achieve a hardness of 3H or more.
在下列實施例係為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件之各種實施例,但實際上的態樣不以此為限。The following embodiments are various embodiments of the transmission element of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating of the present invention, but the actual aspect is not limited thereto.
請參見第4圖,第4圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第一實施例示意圖,係以披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件構成滾珠螺桿組(ball screw set)12;滾珠螺桿組12係由螺桿(ball screw)121與螺帽(nut)122所組成,螺帽122可沿螺桿121轉動而產生向上或向下的滑動;在本實施例中,螺桿121與螺帽122的元件基材1均為鉻鉬鋼材;對於螺桿121與螺帽122,經以本創作三價鉻電鍍方法(表一的電鍍溶液組成與操作條件)在元件基材1上電鍍形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3係由鉻元素、氧元素、鈷元素、氫元素、與磷元素所組成,其成份為鉻金屬(Cr)、氧化鉻(Cr2 O3 )、三價鉻之氫氧化物(Cr(OH)3 )、磷化鉻(CrP)、鈷(Co)、氧化鈷(Co3 O4 )、三氧化二鈷Co2 O3 、氧化亞鈷CoO、氫氧化鈷(Co(OH)3 )、磷化鈷(CoP)、氫氧化二價鈷(如Co(OH)2 )、磷化二價鈷(如Co3 P2 );其特性如表三。Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the first embodiment of the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating, which is composed of a transmission component coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating to form a ball screw set. 12; the ball screw set 12 is composed of a ball screw 121 and a nut 122, and the nut 122 can be rotated along the screw 121 to produce an upward or downward sliding; in the embodiment, the screw 121 and The component substrate 1 of the nut 122 is a chrome molybdenum steel material; for the screw 121 and the nut 122, it is plated on the component substrate 1 by the present trivalent chromium plating method (the plating solution composition and operating conditions of Table 1). Chromium oxide cobalt composite coating 3, chromium oxide cobalt composite coating 3 is composed of chromium element, oxygen element, cobalt element, hydrogen element, and phosphorus element, and its composition is chromium metal (Cr), chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) , trivalent chromium hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3 ), chromium phosphide (CrP), cobalt (Co), cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ), cobalt dioxide Co 2 O 3 , cobalt oxide CoO , cobalt hydroxide (Co (OH) 3), cobalt phosphate (CoP), divalent cobalt hydroxide (e.g., Co (OH) 2), divalent cobalt phosphide (e.g., Co 3 P 2); characteristics thereof Table III.
其中,耐蝕性測試評比係以AutoLAB阻抗頻譜分析線性極化試驗,其評比標準如下:1級,線性極化腐蝕電流(安培)小於1×10-7 以下、2級,1×10-6 以下、3級,1×10-5 以下、4級,1×10-4 以上;鹽霧試驗係依據ASTM B-117於5%氯化鈉霧滴之耐候性試驗,以下各實施例表示方法相同。Among them, the corrosion resistance test is based on AutoLAB impedance spectrum analysis linear polarization test, the evaluation criteria are as follows: Level 1, linear polarization corrosion current (amperes) less than 1 × 10 -7 below, level 2, 1 × 10 -6 or less , grade 3, 1×10 -5 or less, grade 4, 1×10 -4 or more; salt spray test is based on ASTM B-117 weathering test of 5% sodium chloride droplets, the following examples show the same method .
在本實施例中,為進一步保護螺帽122的表面,螺帽122的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3上再噴塗一層厚度為5μm以下丙烯酸矽改質樹脂的塗料的樹脂層4,如圖所示;該樹脂層4的附著力符合ASTM-D3359百格試驗4B的要求。在螺桿121可選擇不噴塗樹脂層4,由於螺桿121披覆有很薄、具有耐磨性與耐候性的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3保護,不會影響螺帽122的運動,可達精密的要求,又該螺桿121與螺帽122的滾珠螺桿組12黑化度足夠,除了美觀外,亦具有良好的功能性。In this embodiment, in order to further protect the surface of the nut 122, the chrome-cobalt composite plating layer 3 of the nut 122 is further coated with a resin layer 4 of a coating of acrylic enamel modified resin having a thickness of 5 μm or less, as shown in the drawing; The adhesion of the resin layer 4 conforms to the requirements of ASTM-D3359 Hundred Test 4B. The resin layer 4 can be selected from the screw 121, and the screw 121 is covered with a thin, wear-resistant and weather-resistant chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3, which does not affect the movement of the nut 122, and can meet the precise requirements. Moreover, the ball screw group 12 of the screw 121 and the nut 122 has a sufficient degree of blackening, and has good functionality in addition to the appearance.
本實施例相同於第一實施例,對於螺桿121與螺帽122,經以本創作表二的電鍍溶液組成與操作條件在元件基材1上電鍍形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3;其特性如表四。This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For the screw 121 and the nut 122, the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is electroplated on the component substrate 1 by the plating solution composition and operating conditions of the present invention. four.
請參見第5及第6圖,第5圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第三實施例示意圖一、第6圖為本創作之披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件第三實施例示意圖二,係以披覆氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層之傳動元件構成線性滑軌組(linear slide rail set)11,該線性滑軌11包含滑軌(slide rail)111及滑塊(sliding block)112;在本實施例中,滑軌111的元件基材1係為鉻鉬鋼材;滑塊112係為聚碳酸酯(PC)之材料所製成並在表面以無電解電鍍方法電鍍上一層中介層2,即滑塊112的元件基材1材料為聚碳酸酯(PC)、中介層2的材料為鎳;對於滑軌111及滑塊112,經以本創作三價鉻電鍍方法(表一的電鍍溶液組成與操作條件)在元件基材1或中介層2上電鍍形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3,氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3係由鉻元素、氧元素、鈷元素、氫元素、與磷元素所組成,其成份為鉻金屬(Cr)、氧化鉻(Cr2 O3 )、三價鉻之氫氧化物(Cr(OH)3 )、磷化鉻(CrP)、鈷(Co)、氧化鈷(Co3 O4 )、三氧化二鈷Co2 O3 、氧化亞鈷CoO、氫氧化鈷(Co(OH)3 )、磷化鈷(CoP)、氫氧化二價鈷(如Co(OH)2 )、磷化二價鈷(如Co3 P2 );其特性如表五。Please refer to the 5th and 6th drawings. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating. The sixth figure is the transmission component of the coated chromium oxide cobalt composite coating. In the second embodiment, a linear slide rail set 11 is formed by a transmission element coated with a chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating, and the linear slide 11 includes a slide rail 111 and a slider (sliding). In the present embodiment, the component substrate 1 of the slide rail 111 is made of chrome molybdenum steel; the slider 112 is made of a material of polycarbonate (PC) and is electroplated on the surface by electroless plating. One layer of the interposer 2, that is, the element substrate 1 of the slider 112 is made of polycarbonate (PC), and the material of the interposer 2 is nickel; for the slide rail 111 and the slider 112, the trivalent chromium plating method of the present invention is used ( The composition and operating conditions of the plating solution in Table 1 are electroplated on the element substrate 1 or the interposer 2 to form a chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3, and the chromium oxide cobalt composite plating layer 3 is composed of chromium element, oxygen element, cobalt element, hydrogen element, and Phosphorus composed of chromium metal (Cr), chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), trivalent Chromium hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3 ), chromium phosphide (CrP), cobalt (Co), cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ), cobalt dioxide Co 2 O 3 , cobalt oxide CoO, hydroxide Cobalt (Co(OH) 3 ), cobalt phosphide (CoP), divalent cobalt hydroxide (such as Co(OH) 2 ), phosphating bivalent cobalt (such as Co 3 P 2 ); its characteristics are shown in Table 5.
在本實施例中,為進一步保護滑軌111與滑塊112的表面,除了滑塊112與滑軌111接觸面仍保持氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3外,滑軌111其他部份則在氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3上再噴塗一層厚度為5μm以下全氟碳化物基塗料的樹脂層4,如圖所示;滑塊112的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3上再噴塗一層厚度為10μm以下丙烯酸酯聚合物等物質產生共聚反應形成的矽烷聚合物的塗料的樹脂層4;該樹脂層4的附著力符合ASTM-D3359百格試驗4B的要求。該線性滑軌組11在滑軌111接觸面有很薄、具有耐磨性與耐候性的氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3保護,不會影響滑塊112的運動可達精密的要求,又該滑軌111與滑塊112的線性滑軌組11黑化度足夠,除了美觀外,亦具有良好的功能性。In this embodiment, in order to further protect the surface of the slide rail 111 and the slider 112, except that the contact surface of the slider 112 and the slide rail 111 still maintains the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3, the other portion of the slide rail 111 is in the chromia cobalt oxide. The composite plating layer 3 is further coated with a resin layer 4 of a perfluorocarbon-based coating having a thickness of 5 μm or less as shown in the drawing; the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 of the slider 112 is further coated with an acrylate polymer having a thickness of 10 μm or less. The substance produces a resin layer 4 of a coating of a decane polymer formed by copolymerization; the adhesion of the resin layer 4 conforms to the requirements of ASTM-D3359, Test No. 4B. The linear slide group 11 has a thin, wear-resistant and weather-resistant chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite coating 3 on the contact surface of the slide rail 111, and does not affect the movement of the slider 112 to meet precise requirements, and the slide rail The linear slide group 11 of the 111 and the slider 112 has a sufficient degree of blackening, and has good functionality in addition to aesthetics.
本實施例相同於第三實施例,對於滑軌111與滑塊112,經以本創作表二的電鍍溶液組成與操作條件在元件基材1上電鍍形成氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層3;其特性如表六。This embodiment is the same as the third embodiment. For the slide rail 111 and the slider 112, the chrome-cobalt-cobalt composite plating layer 3 is electroplated on the component substrate 1 by the composition of the plating solution of the present invention and the operating conditions; Table 6.
以上所述僅為舉例性,而非為限制性者。任何未脫離本創作之精神與範疇,而對其進行之等效修改或變更,均應包含於後附之申請專利範圍中。The above is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to the spirit and scope of this creation shall be included in the scope of the appended patent application.
1‧‧‧元件基材(element substrate)1‧‧‧element substrate
3‧‧‧氧化鉻鈷複合鍍層(electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer)3‧‧‧electroplated cobalt chromium oxide composite coating layer
4‧‧‧樹脂層(resin layer)4‧‧‧resin layer
12‧‧‧滾珠螺桿組(ball screw set)12‧‧‧ball screw set
121‧‧‧螺桿(ball screw)121‧‧‧sctus (ball screw)
122‧‧‧螺帽(nut)122‧‧‧ Nuts
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