TWM484241U - Portable composite battery system - Google Patents

Description

Portable composite battery system

This creation is about a portable composite battery system, especially one that can be used on various electric vehicles, and is facilitated by an energy supply system of a portable high-energy battery pack and a fixed power battery pack. An improved portable hybrid battery system with complementary energy, greater dynamic power supply and multiple demands for sufficient travel distance.

With the development of power electronics technology, the output of electric vehicle motor has sufficient and smooth output, and it has gradually overcome the realization. However, how to supplement the electric energy of electric vehicle to adapt to the current usage habits has always been the most important issue in the development of electric vehicles.

Electric vehicles, due to their special use scenarios, need to meet their endurance and horsepower requirements at the same time. Under the objective conditions that are difficult to meet the requirements of various characteristics at the same time by a single battery pack, it has been proposed to combine high-energy batteries and high-power batteries. A hybrid battery system is used for this purpose. The basic concept is that various batteries have different characteristics, and generally high power density batteries have poor energy density and vice versa. However, in the application of high load fluctuation rates such as electric vehicles, the requirements for the battery system are both high power and high energy performance. For example, in the Patent Case No. 494071 of the Republic of China on July 11, 2002, The objective is to use a switch to modulate the output power distribution of a high energy battery pack and a high power battery pack to provide dynamic power demand for the electric vehicle. This patented technology must simultaneously detect the output voltage of two sets of batteries. And the current, plus the operation sensor (ie throttle command) and the torque sensor and other signals are calculated by the computer to determine the conduction mode of the switch. However, the two-way switch proposed by the patent does not realize the function of instantly distributing the output power of two sets of batteries, that is, it cannot cope with the rapid power demand change of the electric vehicle.

Another example of the I259816 patent technology is to combine the advantages of high-energy batteries and high-power batteries, and to limit the maximum output of high-energy battery packs using only a simple composite battery management system (ie DC/DC converter). And converting the voltage to the same voltage as the high-power battery pack and then paralleling the output. When the load demand is greater than the upper power limit that the converter can provide, the required additional power is provided by the parallel high-power battery pack; Conversely, when the load does not consume power, then the power converted by the converter from the high-energy battery is fully charged to the high-power battery to supplement the energy previously released by the high-power battery. Although the design is relatively simple, the patented technology can be specifically implemented. However, since the output power of the composite battery management system must be reasonably responsible for the average power consumption of the load, usually the power cannot be too small and does not depend on the load demand. Resizing, so there may be a high-power battery (especially lead-acid battery) charging at a high C rate, which may result in a shorter life of the high-power battery.

Another cost to pay is because the internal resistance of the high-power battery will cause a large voltage drop due to the large current during rapid charging, which in turn will be converted into heat energy consumption, reduce charging efficiency, and waste valuable battery energy. In view of this, there is a new type of M455644 patent, which divides the above-mentioned composite battery management system (ie, DC/DC converter) into two, and the first group of outputs of the two sets of DC/DC converters The high power battery packs are connected, while the second set of outputs are directly connected to the load terminals. Then, through a set of smart switches, the output of the two sets of DC/DC converters of the hybrid battery management module and the output of the high-power battery pack can be switched differently to respond to different negative Load demand while protecting high-power battery packs from being over-charged quickly affecting energy efficiency and battery life. Although this has an improvement effect, it simplifies the continuous variable driving load to two-stage output change, and the power for supplementing the high-power battery pack is still subject to fluctuations in driving load variation, extending the life and energy of the high-power battery pack. Conversion efficiency is still not ideal.

Therefore, in order to overcome the above problems, the present invention combines the advantages of a portable high-energy battery pack and a fixed-type high-power battery pack to cope with such a large load change of an electric vehicle while meeting high-energy and high-power application requirements. A new variable output management system module has been proposed to improve the operational efficiency and service life of the composite battery pack, which should be an optimal solution.

The creation is to provide a portable hybrid battery system that can cope with such large load changes of electric vehicles while meeting high energy and high power applications.

The present invention aims to provide a portable composite battery system capable of improving the energy efficiency between the portable high-energy battery pack and the fixed high-power battery pack and prolonging the service life of the overall battery system.

The portable composite battery system can be achieved, comprising: a load information center electrically connected to a load for calculating the total power required by the load, and detecting residual capacity and discharge of all battery groups of the system. After the information of the capability, plus the charging power to be applied to the fixed-type high-power battery pack, the power value of the portable high-energy battery pack should be output, and an output power control signal can be generated; at least one One or more sets of portable high-energy battery packs are electrically connected to the load information center. The portable high-energy battery pack has a built-in battery management module; a fixed-type high-power battery pack The load information center is electrically connected to complement the power required by the portable high-energy battery pack to reduce the power required by the load; The variable output power composite battery management module is electrically connected with the portable high energy battery pack, the load information center, the fixed high power battery pack and a load, and the variable output power composite battery management module The system includes a signal communication interface module that can receive an output power control signal from the load information center and a variable output power DC/DC converter for the portable type The energy of the high-energy battery pack is converted into the power requirement required for the load to operate, and when the load demand is exceeded, the variable output power composite battery management module can recharge the excess energy to the set with appropriate power. High power battery pack.

More specifically, the signal communication interface module is a digital signal interface or an analog signal interface.

More specifically, the portable high-energy battery pack is a high-energy lithium-ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, a switching fuel cell, and the portable high-energy battery pack will not limit the use of only one set at the same time. .

More specifically, the battery management module of the portable high-energy battery pack is used to reduce the difficulty of management of the portable hybrid battery system, reduce overall electronic control cost, and improve overall system stability. The battery management module is capable of low battery indication or low battery cutoff control to simplify the control mechanism of the back end variable output power DC/DC converter.

More specifically, the portable high-energy battery pack is further electrically connected to an external charger for charging by the external charger.

More specifically, the variable output power DC/DC converter is a set of chargers with variable output power and maximum current limit; therefore, the output power can be maintained while driving, in addition to reducing the motor controller (load ) For the load of the fixed high-power battery pack, the power of the fixed-type high-power battery pack can be added at any time, unless the single-pass mileage exceeds the portable high-energy The power of the battery pack, otherwise it only needs to charge the portable portable high-energy battery pack; if the single travel mileage exceeds the power of the portable high-energy battery pack, the user can charge the portable high-energy battery pack. The power of the fixed-type high-power battery pack can be fully supplemented by using two sets of portable battery packs or directly charging the entire composite battery.

More specifically, the variable output power DC/DC converter is a boost converter, a buck converter, or a buck-boost converter.

More specifically, the fixed-type high-power battery pack is a battery that can provide a relatively high current discharge capability in an instant and for a long period of time. In the use of different power batteries, the battery cells can be connected to each other or The battery packs are used in series.

More specifically, the fixed-type high-power battery pack is a power type lead-acid battery, a nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) battery, a nickel-zinc (Ni-Zn) battery, and a lithium manganese/lithium iron ( Li-Mn/Li-Fe) battery or lithium polymer (Li-Polymer) battery.

[this creation]

1‧‧‧Portable composite battery system

11‧‧‧Portable high-energy battery pack

111‧‧‧Battery Management Module

12‧‧‧Load Information Center

13‧‧‧ Fixed high power battery pack

14‧‧‧Variable Output Power Composite Battery Management Module

141‧‧‧Signal Communication Interface Module

142‧‧‧Variable Output Power DC/DC Converter

2‧‧‧load

3‧‧‧External charger

The first figure is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the portable portable battery system of the present invention; the second figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the variable output power composite battery management module of the portable portable battery system.

The foregoing and other technical features, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the overall architecture of the portable hybrid battery system and the internal architecture of the variable output power composite battery management module As shown in the figure, the portable composite battery system 1 includes at least one or more sets of portable high-energy battery packs 11, a load information center 12, and a fixed-position high-power battery pack 13 . And a variable output power composite battery management module 14.

The portable high-energy battery pack 11 has a battery management module 111 built therein, which can reduce the difficulty of management of the portable composite battery system 1 and reduce the overall electronic control cost and improve overall system stability. The battery management module 111 is capable of low battery indication or low power cutoff control to simplify the control mechanism of the back end variable output power DC/DC converter 142; in addition, the portable high energy battery pack 11 is mainly Emphasis on a higher energy-to-weight ratio to provide enough energy for daily driving at a reasonable weight and volume, but because it is not designed for high-power charging and discharging, its maximum output power Must be restricted to avoid affecting its own life or causing safety concerns. The currently available battery types include high-energy lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, and exchange fuel cells, and the portable high-energy battery pack can be charged by the external charger 3, and will also be used when used. There is no limit to using only one group at a time.

The load information center 12 can calculate the total power required by the load 2 and detect the residual capacity and discharge capacity of all the battery packs of the portable composite battery system 1 to determine the portable height. The power value that the energy battery pack 11 should output, and the power control signal is sent to the variable output power composite battery management module 14 by a digital or analog signal; and the total power required by the load 2 is in the case of an electric vehicle. Basically, the product of the working speed of the motor and the output torque is obtained by dividing the conversion efficiency of the motor power system. The load information center 12 can be an independent module on the electric vehicle or attached to the motor controller or It is a place where the load change information can be obtained, such as a dashboard, and has a function of a signal communication interface.

The variable output power composite battery management module 14 includes a signal communication interface module 141 that can receive an output power control signal transmitted from the load information center 12, and a variable output power DC output/variable output power. The DC converter 142, wherein the signal communication interface module 141 is a digital signal interface or analog signal interface, in particular, the cost of the digital communication interface has been greatly reduced, and the digital communication interface such as CAN-bus is an ideal here. The variable output power composite battery management module 14 is required to handle the problem of voltage conversion, since the voltages of the portable high-energy battery pack 11 and the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 are not the same. After receiving the power control signal, the variable output power hybrid battery management module 14 converts the power provided by the portable high-energy battery pack 11 through the variable output power DC/DC converter 142 to convert the voltage to After the voltages of the fixed high-power battery pack 13 are the same, they are connected in parallel to the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 to provide the power requirement required for the operation of the load 2; When the output power exceeds the demand of the load 2, the variable output power composite battery management module 14 can recharge excess energy to the fixed high power battery pack 13 with appropriate power.

In summary, the built-in high-power battery pack 13 of the present invention can be regarded as a buffer that can be quickly charged and discharged, and the power consumed by the load 2 is greater than the maximum output that the portable high-energy battery pack 11 can provide. At the time of power, the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 can supply an insufficient portion, so that the overall power output is not affected.

For example, when the power required by the load 2 (for example, 4 KW) is greater than the power (for example, 1 KW) that the portable high-energy battery pack 11 can provide through the variable output power composite battery management module 14 The insufficient power (3KW) is supplemented by the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13, so that the effect of the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 is similar to that of a power reservoir. Coping with the sudden increase in load 2 demand. Conversely, when the load 2 demand is reduced (for example, 0.7 KW), then the portable high-energy battery pack 11 can pass the power (for example, 1 KW) that the variable output power composite battery management module 14 can provide. Exceeding the required (more than 0.3 kW), and the excess portion can charge the stationary high power battery pack 13 to supplement the energy previously released by the stationary high power battery pack 13. The choice of fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 focuses on the ability and safety of high-power discharge. Currently available battery-powered lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) batteries, nickel-zinc (Ni -Zn) battery, lithium manganese/lithium iron (Li-Mn/Li-Fe) battery, lithium polymer (Li-Polymer) battery, or the like.

In order to clarify the creation of the present invention, the following embodiment is provided. If an electric motor vehicle has a motor drive system with a maximum output power of 4 KW (the load 2 is a motor of the electric motor vehicle in this embodiment), the average power consumption during normal running is about 800W. The portable high-energy battery pack 11 selected in this embodiment is a lithium battery pack (capacity is 29.6V/40.6Ah), and the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 is a lead-acid battery (capacity is 48V/20Ah). The variable output power hybrid battery management module 14 has a built-in CAN-bus communication system and has a variable output power DC/DC converter with a maximum output capability of 58V/20.7A, or 1200W.

The optimal charging power of the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 of the embodiment is 250 W, and the output power control signal sent by the load information center 12 to the variable output power composite battery management module 14 should be charged for the load demand. Power 250W, can be expressed by the following formula: output power control signal = (motor speed ^* motor torque) / system efficiency + charging power; take the motor car's fixed speed 30Km / hr as an example, if the motor speed is 3000RPM, and the torque 1.53Nm, calculated by the motor drive system efficiency of 80%, then the load (motor) demand is 600W, so the load information center 12 will generate 850W control signal request the variable output power hybrid battery management module 14 output The power of 850W is in parallel with the fixed high power battery pack 13, wherein 600W is required for the load, and the excess 250W can charge the fixed high power battery pack 13.

If the driver turns the throttle signal and wants to accelerate, the converted motor torque is increased to 2Nm. At this time, the load power is increased to 628W, and the efficiency is still maintained at 80%. The load (motor) demand is increased to 785W. Therefore, the load information center 12 generates a control signal of 785W+250W=1035W to the variable output power composite battery management module 14, and so on. However, when the load 2 demand plus 250W exceeds 1200W, the maximum output power of the variable output power hybrid battery management module 14 is limited to 1200W, so the converted output power is 1200W.

It can be seen from the above embodiment that the charging power of the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 is always maintained at 250 W regardless of the variation of the load 2, which is substantially beneficial for improving energy use efficiency and extending battery life. If the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 is in a fully charged state, since the maximum output voltage of the variable output power hybrid battery management module 14 has been limited to 58V, it is equivalent to the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 being fully charged. The voltage, so that the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13 is substantially no longer charged, does not damage the fixed-type high-power battery pack 13. Therefore, this creation can be said to improve the conventional composite battery management system by a simple method.

The portable composite battery system provided by the present invention has the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies:

1. This creation is a power system that combines the advantages of both portable high-energy battery packs and high-power battery packs. It will meet the convenience of users to supplement energy, cheap and reliable. Multiple demands for power and endurance.

2. This creation system can be applied to all kinds of electric vehicles, and considers the needs of most users for short-distance driving, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of energy replenishment, so that high-energy batteries can meet the requirements of lightweight and portable, so as to facilitate users. When charging, it can be carried to a place where high-rise buildings or other electric vehicles cannot enter.

3. The portable high-energy battery pack used in this creation focuses on a high energy-to-weight ratio so that it can deliver enough energy for daily driving at a reasonable weight and volume. Currently available batteries The types include high-energy lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, and the like.

4. This creation uses a variable output power hybrid battery management module to maintain proper power to charge high-power batteries, which can effectively improve energy efficiency during charging and extend the life of the high-power battery pack.

5. The load information center of this creation can be an independent module on the electric vehicle, or it can be attached to the motor controller or the instrument panel to obtain the load change information, and also has the function of the signal communication interface.

The features and spirit of the present invention are more clearly described in the above detailed description of the preferred embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the preferred embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all kinds of changes and equivalences within the scope of the patent application to which the present invention is intended.

1‧‧‧Portable composite battery system

11‧‧‧Portable high-energy battery pack

111‧‧‧Battery Management Module

12‧‧‧Load Information Center

13‧‧‧ Fixed high power battery pack

14‧‧‧Variable Output Power Composite Battery Management Module

2‧‧‧load

3‧‧‧External charger

Claims (9)

A portable composite battery system includes: a load information center electrically connected to a load for calculating the total power required by the load, and detecting residual capacity and discharge capacity of all battery packs of the system After the information, plus the charging power that should be applied to the fixed-type high-power battery pack, to obtain the power value that the portable high-energy battery pack should output, and can generate an output power control signal; at least one group or One or more portable high-energy battery packs are electrically connected to the load information center, and the portable high-energy battery pack has a battery management module built therein; a fixed-type high-power battery pack is connected to the load The information center is electrically connected to complement the power required by the portable high-energy battery pack to reduce the power required by the load; a variable output power composite battery management module is coupled to the portable high-energy battery The group, the load information center, the fixed high-power battery pack and the load electrical connection, the variable output power composite battery management module includes an acceptable information received from the load information center a signal communication interface module for outputting a power control signal and a variable output power DC/DC converter for converting the power of the portable high energy battery pack into the load operation The required power requirements, and when the load demand is exceeded, the variable output power composite battery management module is capable of recharging excess energy to the fixed high power battery pack with appropriate power. The portable composite battery system of claim 1 , wherein the signal communication interface module is a digital signal interface or an analog signal interface. The portable composite battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the portable high-energy battery is a high-energy lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, and an exchange fuel cell. The portable composite battery system of claim 1 , wherein the battery management module of the portable high-energy battery is used to reduce the difficulty of managing the portable composite battery system. The battery management module is capable of low battery indication or low battery cutoff control. The portable hybrid battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the portable high-energy battery pack is further electrically connected to an external charger for charging by the external charger. . The portable hybrid battery system of claim 1 , wherein the variable output power DC/DC converter is a set of chargers having variable output power and maximum current/voltage limits. The portable hybrid battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the variable output power DC/DC converter is a boost converter, a buck converter or a buck-boost converter. The portable composite battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the fixed high power battery is a battery capable of providing a relatively high discharge current capability in an instantaneous and long time, in different batteries. In use, the battery cells can be stringed together or used in series between the battery packs. The portable composite battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the fixed high power battery is a power type lead acid battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel zinc battery, a lithium manganese/lithium iron battery or a lithium battery. Polymer battery.