1259816 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種可攜式複合型電池管理系統，特別是指一種可搭栽 於各式電動車上使用，並藉由可攜式高能量電池組及主動力電池組相互搭 配使用，達成方便補充能源、價廉可靠、適當的動力及足夠行駛距離的多 重需求之可攜式複合型電池管理系統。 【先前技術】 近幾年來，城市的發展及環保意識的逐漸抬頭，中短距離而符合環保 期望的個人父通工具，已舰絲未來城市發展林能缺席的要件。但相 對而言，創新的電池技術、電力控制技術及電力控制元件的進展，則對於 輕型電動車的未來發展提供了無限的想像空間。 設計考慮的重點多半是在如何1259816 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a portable composite battery management system, in particular to a type that can be used on various electric vehicles and with portable high energy. The battery pack and the main power battery pack are used together to achieve a portable hybrid battery management system that is convenient for supplementing energy, cheap and reliable, appropriate power and sufficient travel distance. [Prior Art] In recent years, the development of the city and the awareness of environmental protection have gradually risen, and the personal father-passing tools that meet the environmental expectations in the short- and medium-distance distance have become the essential elements for the future development of the city. But in contrast, the advancement of innovative battery technology, power control technology and power control components provides an infinite imagination for the future development of light electric vehicles. Most of the design considerations are in how
電站設置不易以及對於長時間充電的不耐， 然而在一般習知的電池系統的技術中，設計考 藉由複雜的控制方法，在不同的功率需求下，調配 池的輸出比例，達成最理想之複合電池系統(中華民 告第494071號專利案）；或者使用日後可能成盔 成熟而大樓林立的城市，充 為今日電鱗發展最不 1259816 利的非技術性問題。根據統計資料顯示，在多數都市化的地區，使用個人 又通工具的里程都在二十〜三十公里以内，相對而言，對於只考慮行駛里 %在六十公里以上的電池系統，在充電及電池維護上，不免成為一個過於 儿重的系統設計。再者，習知的電池系統設計過於徧重於電子控制技術的 展不，以及複合式電力輸出的調控系統，所給與的不單只是高智慧的電池 保濩及動力特性，在此複雜系統中所有的多次能源轉換效率的折損及電子 _ 控制的高成本，都將造成電動車在推廣上的窒礙難行。 由此可見，上述習用技術仍有諸多缺失及不足，實非一良善之設計者， 而亟待加以改良。 本案發明人鏗於上述別能«統所衍生的各項缺驗不足，乃亟思 加以改良麟’亚經乡年苦（mu研究後，終於成功研發完成本件可 攜式複合型電池管理系統。 【發明内容】 • 隨著電力電子技術的發展，電池壽命的保護，動力充足平順的輸出， ㈣逐步的克服實現，但是如何補充,__電能，_應現今的使用習 慣’已成為電動車發展最重要的課題。以往研發的肢多半在電池系統的 下提出^新穎而具體想法，但技_精神則多半在於如何在可接受 的重里及祕内’提供最大的行驶里程，可惜的是對於如何讓電動車的使 用者，在現有的能源供應網絡中輕 竿勿取侍此置的補充，以有效降低整體電 池組中的電子控制成本，卻研發及論述不足。 本毛月仏式;^合型電池管理系統的主要技術著眼點，是在於多數燃 1259816 油機車每日行駛里程都在三十公里之内，如何能提供一個簡單的電池系統， 能夠符合每日快速充電，全系統又可滿足最大行駛里程大於六十公里的要 求。本發明提出藉由一個可攜式高能量電池組、一個可安置於電動車上的 主動力電池，以及一個以簡單遵輯判斷起動與否的直流轉換益’透過过樣 的電池構件，以及全新賦予的電能供給機制，以達成滿足多數使用者的每 曰行駛里程需求，方便補充電能的期待及可能出現的最大行駛里程者。 【實施方式】 請參閱圖一，為本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之可攜式高能量電 池組架構圖，由圖中可知，本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之可攜式高 能量電池組〗，主要著重在較高的能量-重董比，以便能在合理的重量及體 積下，傳遞足夠每曰行駛所需的能量，目前可用的電池種類包含有：高能 量的鐘離子電池或鐘聚合物電池，未來也可利用電腦產業所推展的筆記塑 電腦用的交換式燃料電池，由於這種筆記型電腦所用的交換式燃料電池， 具有價廉輕巧的特質，且該可攜式高能量電池組1，可藉由外接式充電器4 進行充電，而使用時也將不限制只同時使用立組，因此這樣的可攜行高能 量電池組1，必需内建有相對於電池種類的電池管理系統1丨，以確保脫離 電動車時的穩定及安全；同時如此獨立運作的電池管理系統u，可降低整 體系統管理的難度，並降低整體電子控制成本及提高整體系統穩定性。再 者，該電池管理純U需具有低«赫或低電域止的功能，以簡化後 端直流轉換器的控制機制。 請參酬二’為本發明，式複合型f池㈣系統之域力電池組架 1259816 構圖，由圖中可知，本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之主動力電池組2, 是用以提供電動機控制器5運轉所需的電能，是指能在瞬時及長時間提供 相對較高的電流放電能力的電池，它可能的電池種類包含所有電動車的常 用電池，例如：動力型鉛酸/錯鈣酸(Pb/Ca_s〇4)電池、鎳氫電池叫_)、 錄辞(NhZn)電池、鐘猛/鋰鈷(Li_Mn/L卜c〇)電池，乃至於鋰聚合物似士却篇) 電池等；該電池系統_主動力電池組2是電動機電力的主要來源，因此 在不同動力電池的使用中，不但會有電池芯相互串並的結構，甚至會有電 池組之間㈣併使用。為了考慮電池使_安全、壽命及穩定性，電池組 内必需包含一必要的電池管理系統21或最大電流限制的元件，以確保電池 運作的安全，進而提供系統内的直流轉換器3及後方的電動機控制器5運 作時所需電池訊息。 請參閱圖三及圖四，為本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之直流轉換 器架構圖及電能轉換控制示意圖，由圖中可知，本發明可攜式複合型電池 管理系統之直流轉換器3，就是一組簡單的電池充電器，是用來將可攜式高 月匕里電池組1的電能轉換成主動力電池組2的電能，它可能因為可攜式高 能量零池組1與主動力電池組2之間的額定電壓的不同，而為升壓(B〇〇st)、 降壓（Buck)或升降壓（Buck_Boost/Cuk)型轉換器，它的控制機制 Output二(HDQ2#〇HM〇t〇r〇n+HDQl<l)只考慮可攜式高能量電池組i電 量是否為零，主動力電池組2是否在滿充狀態，以及電動機控制器5是否 在運作狀態中，簡而言之，此直流轉換器3就是將可攜式高能量電池組工 的可輸出電能轉換成主動力電池組2的電能，或者將可攜式高能量電池組i 1259816 里式均可輕易達成輪出最大電流及最大電壓的控制，因此可在低成 本且高效率的情形下，達成電池祕歡及雙向電池組練電保護的要 / 轉換☆ 3也是—組具’最大電流限制的充電器，因此可在 5 t>^2 ^ ,、、充主動力電池組2的電能，除非單次行駛里程超過可攜式高能 曰“、的電I，例如·二十公里以上，否則使用者只需對輕便的可攜 Ha 1充電，若單次行駛里程超過可攜式高能量電池組1的電 月匕則使用者可藉由外接式充電器4對可攜式高能量電池組1充電二次或 Μ'、、可t式向旎量電池組1或者直接對整組系統進行充電，即可完全 補充主動力電池組2的電能。 請參閱圖五，為本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之實施例示意圖， 固中可矣本發明4攜式複合型電池管理系統1〇〇，在設計條件為500W 幸里電動枝車所需的電池系統’設計的目標是可使此-輕型電動機車在載 重7〇公斤，全部重量在130公斤的條件下，;可行駛最大行程為70公里， 早次可攜式高能量電池組1充電可行駛35公里，行駛平均時速為30公里 的情況下實施。因此，合理的主動力電池組2選擇為36v/：|7Ah/2〇Kg/動力 釔^電池附力ϋ滿充電量指示；而可攜式高能量電池組】選擇為12串 舰贿_料電池組，具有«池·監控、最大絲«流、被動式 電池谷里平衡、工作溫度保護及電池容量指標等功能之電池管理系統；而 4直飢轉換器3為一定電流(5A)轉定電壓(43·5ν)之電池充電器(Buck，（i〇wn 1259816 converter)，具有條件工作之控制電路。由於可攜式高能量電池組1的總功 率在45〇Wh左右’通過直流轉換器3後的功時約在43〇w，可提供輕型電 動機車以時速3〇公里行駛1.2小時以上，因此在一般使用中，使用者只需 取出可攜式咼能量電池組1於住家或辦公室之内充電，則可常保整兩電池 組在滿充的狀態；若有長距離行駛的需求時，整組複合電池系統1〇〇可提 供一仟瓦時的電能，足可供輕型電動機車以時速30公里行駛3小時以上， 因之最大行程可提升至90公里，而使用者在如此長距離使用之後，可以考 慮將卟攜式咼能量電池組1安置在複合電池系統100中，對整組複合電池 系統進行同步充電，或仍以單獨對可攜式高能量電池組i做多次充電，而 此系統的最大的持續輸出功率約在L0KW。此一架構複合電池系統1〇〇不 但可以考慮高能量電池及高功率電池的搭配，也可在設計性能要求下考慮 總體成本的要求，而以合理的電池雜，更低的成本下滿足使用者的的期 待，則是本發明架構的精神。由於可攜式高能量電池組丨已内建電池管理 系統，一般低成本的定電流轉定電壓鋰電池外接式充電器4，已可滿足可攜 式间旎Ϊ電池組】充電保養的需求；而系統末端的電動機控制器5，也只需 考慮最大持續輸入電流，最低工作電壓30V的技術規格，便可以在此系統 Tt定工作；至於系統的核心電子電路，只是個具有最大輸出電壓電流的 降壓轉換H，只要是核心控制晶片具有低電流休眠的功能，再加上以二組 電池組的電量及電動機控制器是否工作（電動車是否啟動）的簡單邏輯判 斷則可凡成電池系統的結合，並確保系統的穩定。 【特點及功效】 10 1259816 本發明所提供之可攜式複合型電池管理系統，與前述引證案及其他習 用技術相互比較時，更具有下列之優點： 一、 本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統，係為一結合可攜式高能量電 池組及主動力電池組二者優點的電力系統，將可滿足使用者方便補充能 源、價廉可靠、適當的動力及足夠行駛距離的多重需求。 二、 本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統，係可應用於各式電動車輛中， 並考慮多數使用者短距離行駛之需求，可有效降低能源補充之困難度，使 同忐置電池達成輕量可攜帶的要求，以方便使用者於充電時，可攜行至高 樓住乇或其他電動車無法進入之地點來進行充電。 二、本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統，其中所使用的可攜式高能量 電池組，其著重在較高的能量—重量比，以便能在合理的重量及體積下，傳 遞足夠每日行駛所需的能量，目前可用的電池種類包含有高能量的鋰離子 電’也、絲合物電池，未來也可懒電腦產業所推展的筆記㈣腦用的交 換式燃料電池，由於這種筆記型電腦顧的交換式燃料電池具有價廉輕巧 的特質’將雜可符合本發明對於可攜式高_魏池組之規格要求。 上列詳細說明係針對本發明之_可行實施例之具體說明，惟該實施例 並非用⑽制本發明之專娜圍，凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之等效實 施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 貝 綜上所述’本案不但在技術思想上確屬創新，並能較習用物品增進上 ^夕項功效’應已充分彳轉_性及進步性之蚊發明專利要件，麦依、去 提出申請，懇請貴局核准本件發明專利申請案，以勵發明，、， 1259816 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為本發明可攜式複合型電池管理系統之可攜式高能量電池組架構 圖； '圖二為該可攜式複合型電池管理系統之主動力電池組架構圖； 圖三為該可攜式複合型電池管理系統之直流轉換器架構圖； 圖四為該可攜式複合型電池管理系統之電能轉換控制示意圖；以及 圖五為該可攜式複合型電池管理系統之實施例示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 1 11 2 21 可攜式複合型電池管理系統 可攜式尚能量電池組 電池管理系統 主動力電池組 電池管理系統 直流轉換器The power station is not easy to set up and is not resistant to long-term charging. However, in the conventional battery system technology, the design method uses a complicated control method to adjust the output ratio of the pool under different power requirements to achieve the best. Composite battery system (Zhonghua Minsheng No. 494071 patent case); or the use of cities that may become mature in the future and buildings are built, which is the non-technical problem of the development of today's electric scales. According to statistics, in most urbanized areas, the mileage of using personal tools is within 20 to 30 kilometers. Relatively speaking, for battery systems that only consider driving more than 60 kilometers, charging And battery maintenance, can not help but become a too heavy system design. Moreover, the well-known battery system design is too heavy for the exhibition of electronic control technology, and the compound power output control system, which is not only a high-intelligent battery protection and dynamic characteristics, but also in this complex system. All the multiple energy conversion efficiency losses and the high cost of electronic control will make the implementation of electric vehicles difficult. It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings and deficiencies in the above-mentioned conventional technologies. It is not a good designer and needs to be improved. The inventor of this case succumbed to the above-mentioned insufficiency of the various derivations, but he was able to improve the Lin's life in the middle of the country. After the research, he finally successfully developed the portable battery management system. [Summary of the Invention] • With the development of power electronics technology, the protection of battery life, the power is smooth and smooth output, (4) gradually overcome the realization, but how to supplement, __electric energy, _ should be used today's use habits has become an electric vehicle development The most important topic. Most of the limbs developed in the past are presented under the battery system. The new and specific ideas, but the skill _ spirit is mostly how to provide the maximum mileage in the acceptable weight and secret, but unfortunately how Let the users of electric vehicles, in the existing energy supply network, shun the supplement of this device, so as to effectively reduce the electronic control cost in the overall battery pack, but the research and development and discussion are insufficient. The main technical point of the battery management system is that most of the 1259816 oil locomotives have a daily mileage of 30 kilometers. How can we provide a simple The single battery system can meet the daily fast charging, and the whole system can meet the requirement of the maximum driving mileage of more than 60 kilometers. The present invention proposes a portable high-energy battery pack and a main body that can be placed on the electric vehicle. The power battery, as well as a DC conversion that is judged by simple compliance, is passed through the battery components and the newly-added power supply mechanism to meet the needs of most users for each mileage. [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a diagram of a portable high-energy battery pack structure of the portable composite battery management system of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the present invention can be carried. The portable high-energy battery pack of the composite battery management system focuses on the higher energy-weight ratio, so that the energy required for each trip can be transmitted under reasonable weight and volume. The battery types include: high-energy clock-ion batteries or clock-polymer batteries, and you can use the notes from the computer industry in the future. The exchange fuel cell for a computer has an inexpensive and lightweight quality due to the exchange type fuel cell used in the notebook computer, and the portable high-energy battery pack 1 can be charged by the external charger 4. In use, there is no restriction on using only the standing group at the same time. Therefore, such a portable high-energy battery pack 1 must have a battery management system built in with respect to the type of battery to ensure stability and safety when leaving the electric vehicle. At the same time, the battery management system u, which operates independently, can reduce the difficulty of overall system management, reduce the overall electronic control cost and improve the overall system stability. Moreover, the battery management pure U needs to have low «he or low power range. The function is to simplify the control mechanism of the back-end DC converter. Please participate in the second invention of the invention, the composite type f-cell (four) system of the domain force battery pack 1259816, as shown in the figure, the portable combination of the present invention The main power battery pack 2 of the battery management system is used to provide the electric energy required for the operation of the motor controller 5, which means that a relatively high current can be provided instantaneously and for a long time. The battery of electric capacity, its possible battery type includes all the common batteries of electric vehicles, for example: power type lead acid/calcium acid (Pb/Ca_s〇4) battery, nickel hydrogen battery called _), recording (NhZn) battery , Zhong Meng / lithium cobalt (Li_Mn / L Bu c〇) battery, even lithium polymer like a piece of paper) battery; the battery system _ main power battery pack 2 is the main source of motor power, so in different power batteries In use, not only will there be a structure in which the battery cells are connected to each other, and even between the battery packs (4). In order to consider the battery safety, life and stability, the battery pack must contain a necessary battery management system 21 or maximum current limiting components to ensure the safety of the battery operation, and then provide the DC converter 3 and the rear of the system. Battery information required for motor controller 5 operation. Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , which are schematic diagrams of a DC converter architecture and a power conversion control of the portable composite battery management system of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the DC converter of the portable composite battery management system of the present invention is illustrated. 3, is a set of simple battery charger, is used to convert the energy of the portable high-voltage battery pack 1 into the power of the main power battery pack 2, which may be due to the portable high-energy zero-cell group 1 and The rated voltage between the main power battery pack 2 is a boost (B〇〇st), buck (Buck) or buck-boost (Buck_Boost/Cuk) type converter, its control mechanism Output II (HDQ2# 〇HM〇t〇r〇n+HDQl<l) only consider whether the portable high-energy battery pack i is zero, whether the main power battery pack 2 is in a fully charged state, and whether the motor controller 5 is in operation, In short, the DC converter 3 converts the output power of the portable high-energy battery pack into the power of the main power pack 2, or the portable high-energy battery pack i 1259816 can be easily used. Achieve control of maximum current and maximum voltage Therefore, in the case of low cost and high efficiency, it is possible to achieve the battery secret and the bi-directional battery pack power protection/conversion ☆ 3 is also a set of 'maximum current limit charger, so it can be 5 t> ^ , ,, charge the power of the main power battery pack 2, unless the single travel mileage exceeds the portable high energy 曰 ", the electric I, for example, more than 20 kilometers, the user only needs to charge the portable portable Ha 1 If the single driving mileage exceeds the power of the portable high-energy battery pack 1, the user can charge the portable high-energy battery pack 1 twice or by the external charger 4. The power of the main power battery pack 2 can be fully supplemented by charging the battery pack 1 or directly charging the entire system. Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the portable hybrid battery management system of the present invention. The invention can be carried out in the present invention. The portable battery management system of the present invention is designed to be 500W. The battery system required for the electric vehicle is designed to make this light-duty electric vehicle load at 7 kilograms, all The weight is 130 kg; The maximum travel time is 70 kilometers. The early portable high-energy battery pack 1 can be used for 35 kilometers and the average speed is 30 kilometers. Therefore, the reasonable main power battery pack 2 is 36v/:|7Ah. /2 〇 Kg / power 钇 ^ battery with force full charge indication; and portable high-energy battery pack] selected for 12 string bribery _ battery pack, with «pool · monitoring, maximum wire « flow, passive battery Battery management system with functions such as valley balance, working temperature protection and battery capacity indicator; and 4 battery converter for constant current (5A) voltage (43·5ν) (Buck, (i〇wn 1259816 converter), control circuit with conditional operation. Since the total power of the portable high-energy battery pack 1 is around 45 〇Wh, the work time after passing through the DC converter 3 is about 43 〇w, and the light-duty electric motor vehicle can be driven at a speed of 3 〇 km for more than 1.2 hours, so In normal use, the user only needs to take out the portable battery pack 1 to charge in the home or office, and then the battery pack can be fully charged. If there is a long-distance driving demand, the whole group is compounded. The battery system can provide one watt-hour of electric energy, which can be used for light-duty electric vehicles to drive at speeds of up to 30 kilometers per hour for more than three hours. The maximum travel can be increased to 90 kilometers, and users can use them after such long distances. Consider placing the portable battery pack 1 in the composite battery system 100, synchronously charging the entire composite battery system, or still charging the portable high-energy battery pack i multiple times, and the system is The maximum continuous output power is approximately L0KW. This architecture composite battery system 1 can not only consider the combination of high-energy batteries and high-power batteries, but also consider the overall cost requirements under the design performance requirements, and satisfy the users with reasonable battery and lower cost. The expectation is the spirit of the architecture of the present invention. Since the portable high-energy battery pack has built-in battery management system, the general low-cost constant current voltage-setting lithium battery external charger 4 can meet the needs of the portable battery pack. The motor controller 5 at the end of the system only needs to consider the maximum continuous input current and the minimum operating voltage of 30V, so that it can work in this system Tt; as for the core electronic circuit of the system, it is only the one with the largest output voltage and current. Buck conversion H, as long as the core control chip has a low current sleep function, plus the simple logic of the power of the two sets of battery packs and whether the motor controller is working (whether the electric vehicle is started) can be a battery system Combine and ensure the stability of the system. [Features and Functions] 10 1259816 The portable composite battery management system provided by the present invention has the following advantages when compared with the above cited documents and other conventional technologies: 1. The portable composite battery management of the present invention The system is a power system that combines the advantages of both the portable high-energy battery pack and the main power battery pack, and will meet the multiple needs of users to easily supplement energy, cheap and reliable, appropriate power and sufficient driving distance. 2. The portable composite battery management system of the present invention can be applied to various types of electric vehicles, and considers the demand of most users for short-distance driving, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of energy supplementation, and achieve lightness in the same battery. The portable capacity requirement is convenient for the user to carry it to a place where the high-rise building or other electric vehicles cannot enter when charging. 2. The portable composite battery management system of the present invention, wherein the portable high-energy battery pack is focused on a higher energy-to-weight ratio so that it can transmit enough daily capacity under reasonable weight and volume. The energy required for driving, the currently available battery types include high-energy lithium-ion batteries, and silk-like batteries. In the future, the lazy computer industry will also make notes (4) brain-based switching fuel cells, due to such notes. The type of computer-based switching fuel cell has the characteristics of low cost and lightness, which can meet the specifications of the portable high-Wei pool group. The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the scope of the patent in this case. In the above, the case of the case is not only innovative in terms of technical thinking, but also can improve the effectiveness of the use of items in the past. It should be fully transferred to the _ sexual and progressive mosquito invention patents, Mai Yi, to apply恳 贵 贵 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 核准 12 12 12 12 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 The second is the main power battery pack architecture diagram of the portable composite battery management system; FIG. 3 is the DC converter architecture diagram of the portable composite battery management system; FIG. 4 is the portable composite battery management system. A schematic diagram of electrical energy conversion control; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the portable composite battery management system. [Main component symbol description] 100 1 11 2 21 Portable composite battery management system Portable energy battery pack Battery management system Main power battery pack Battery management system DC converter
外接式充電器 7 電動機控制器 4External charger 7 motor controller 4