TWM472185U - Underwater noise sensor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本新型係有關於一種聲音量化計，且特別是有關於一種水下噪音感測計。The present invention relates to a sound quantometer, and more particularly to an underwater noise sensor.
隨著地球人口的增長，人們對於商品的需求日益增進，從而，為了使各國之間的商品能夠互通有無，航運業隨之日益興盛。此外，隨著科技的進展，航運業採用了更加先進的航運技術，據此，越來越多的船隻、更加先進的航運技術，為海洋帶來了眾多的水下噪音，諸如船隻航行時螺旋槳轉動所發出的噪音、聲納所發出的噪音等。With the growth of the Earth's population, people's demand for goods is increasing. Therefore, in order to enable the exchange of goods between countries, the shipping industry has become increasingly prosperous. In addition, with the advancement of technology, the shipping industry has adopted more advanced shipping technology. According to this, more and more ships and more advanced shipping technologies have brought a lot of underwater noise to the ocean, such as the propeller sailing. Rotate the noise emitted, the noise emitted by the sonar, and so on.
再者，臨海建築與遊憩場所產生的噪音、油氣探勘、離岸風力發電所產生的震波等，均為海洋帶來前所未有的水下噪音，這些噪音壓制了海洋哺乳類用以相互溝通的聲音，阻礙了海洋生物覓食的進行，嚴重影響了海洋生態。In addition, noise generated by coastal buildings and recreation sites, oil and gas exploration, and shock waves generated by offshore wind power generation bring unprecedented underwater noise to the ocean. These noises suppress the sound of marine mammals communicating with each other. The foraging of marine organisms has seriously affected the marine ecology.
因此，如何有效率且正確地辨別水下噪音，進而避免水下噪音的產生實為當前的一重要課題，相關領域莫不費盡心思來謀求解決之道，但長久以來仍未發展出適當的 解決方案。Therefore, how to efficiently and correctly identify underwater noise and avoid the generation of underwater noise is an important issue at present. The relevant fields do not bother to find a solution, but they have not developed appropriate for a long time. solution.
新型內容旨在提供本揭示內容的簡化摘要，以使閱讀者對本揭示內容具備基本的理解。此新型內容並非本揭示內容的完整概述，且其用意並非在指出本新型實施例的重要/關鍵元件或界定本新型的範圍。The novel content is intended to provide a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of the disclosure. This Summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure, and is not intended to identify key/critical elements of the novel embodiments or the scope of the invention.
本新型內容之一目的是在提供一種水下噪音感測計，藉以改善先前技術所存在的問題。One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an underwater noise sensor to improve the problems of the prior art.
為達上述目的，本新型內容之一技術態樣係關於一種水下噪音感測計，其包含至少一水下麥克風、快速傅利葉計算器、參數儲存器、絕對頻譜能量計算器及計時器。水下麥克風用以量測水下噪音，並將水下噪音轉換為電波訊號，快速傅利葉計算器根據一參數將預設長度之電波訊號進行轉換，以取得水下噪音頻譜能量，參數儲存器用以儲存前述參數，絕對頻譜能量計算器用以將水下噪音頻譜能量轉換為絕對頻譜能量，而計時器用以提供時間資訊。To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention relates to an underwater noise sensor that includes at least one underwater microphone, a fast Fourier calculator, a parameter storage, an absolute spectral energy calculator, and a timer. The underwater microphone is used to measure the underwater noise and convert the underwater noise into a wave signal. The fast Fourier calculator converts the preset length of the wave signal according to a parameter to obtain the underwater noise spectrum energy, and the parameter storage device is used for The aforementioned parameters are stored, the absolute spectral energy calculator is used to convert the underwater noise spectrum energy into absolute spectral energy, and the timer is used to provide time information.
因此，根據本新型之技術內容，本新型實施例藉由提供一種水下噪音感測計，藉以有效率且正確地辨別水下噪音，進而避免水下噪音的產生。Therefore, according to the technical content of the present invention, the present embodiment provides an underwater noise sensor to efficiently and correctly distinguish underwater noise, thereby avoiding underwater noise generation.
在參閱下文實施方式後，本新型所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者當可輕易瞭解本新型之基本精神及其他新型目的，以及本新型所採用之技術手段與實施態樣。The basic spirit and other novel objects of the present invention, as well as the technical means and implementations of the present invention, can be readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
100‧‧‧水下噪音感測計100‧‧‧Underwater noise sensor
101‧‧‧水下麥克風101‧‧‧Underwater microphone
102‧‧‧訊號放大器102‧‧‧Signal Amplifier
103‧‧‧低通濾波器103‧‧‧Low-pass filter
104‧‧‧類比數位訊號轉換器104‧‧‧ analog digital signal converter
105‧‧‧快速傅利葉計算器105‧‧‧Fast Fourier Calculator
106‧‧‧參數儲存器106‧‧‧Parameter storage
107‧‧‧絕對頻譜能量計算器107‧‧‧Absolute Spectrum Energy Calculator
108‧‧‧計時器108‧‧‧Timer
109‧‧‧水下噪音分類器109‧‧‧Underwater Noise Classifier
110‧‧‧資料儲存器110‧‧‧Data storage
111‧‧‧保護殼111‧‧‧Protection shell
為讓本新型之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之說明如下：第1圖係繪示依照本新型一實施例的一種水下噪音感測計之示意圖。The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent and understood. The description of the drawings is as follows: FIG. 1 illustrates an underwater noise sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram.
第2圖係繪示依照本新型另一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to another embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖係繪示依照本新型再一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係繪示依照本新型又一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
根據慣常的作業方式，圖中各種特徵與元件並未依比例繪製，其繪製方式是為了以最佳的方式呈現與本新型相關的具體特徵與元件。此外，在不同圖式間，以相同或相似的元件符號來指稱相似的元件/部件。The various features and elements in the figures are not drawn to scale, and are in the In addition, similar elements/components are referred to by the same or similar element symbols throughout the different drawings.
為了使本揭示內容的敘述更加詳盡與完備，下文針對了本新型的實施態樣與具體實施例提出了說明性的描述；但這並非實施或運用本新型具體實施例的唯一形式。實施方式中涵蓋了多個具體實施例的特徵以及用以建構與操作這些具體實施例的方法步驟與其順序。然而，亦可利用其他具體實施例來達成相同或均等的功能與步驟順序。In order to make the description of the present disclosure more detailed and complete, the following description of the embodiments of the present invention and the specific embodiments thereof are set forth. The features of various specific embodiments, as well as the method steps and sequences thereof, are constructed and manipulated in the embodiments. However, other specific embodiments may be utilized to achieve the same or equivalent function and sequence of steps.
除非本說明書另有定義，此處所用的科學與技術詞彙之含義與本新型所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所理解與慣用的意義相同。此外，在不和上下文衝突的情形下，本說明書所用的單數名詞涵蓋該名詞的複數型；而所用的複數名詞時亦涵蓋該名詞的單數型。Unless otherwise defined in the specification, the meaning of the scientific and technical terms used herein is the same as that of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the singular noun used in this specification covers the plural of the noun in the case of no conflict with the context; the plural noun of the noun is also included in the plural noun used.
另外，關於本文中所使用之「耦接」或「連接」，均可指二或多個元件相互直接作實體或電性接觸，或是相互間接作實體或電性接觸，亦可指二或多個元件相互操作或動作。In addition, the term "coupled" or "connected" as used herein may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other, or indirectly in physical or electrical contact with each other, or Multiple components operate or act upon each other.
為解決先前技術所存的問題，本新型提出一種水下噪音感測計，其繪示於第1圖。如圖所示，水下噪音感測計100包含水下麥克風101、訊號放大器102、低通濾波器103、類比數位訊號轉換器104、快速傅利葉計算器105、參數儲存器106、絕對頻譜能量計算器107、計時器108、水下噪音分類器109及資料儲存器110。In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes an underwater noise sensor, which is shown in FIG. As shown, the underwater noise sensor 100 includes an underwater microphone 101, a signal amplifier 102, a low pass filter 103, an analog digital signal converter 104, a fast Fourier calculator 105, a parameter storage 106, and an absolute spectral energy calculation. The unit 107, the timer 108, the underwater noise classifier 109 and the data storage unit 110.
於結構上，水下麥克風101電性耦接於訊號放大器102，訊號放大器102電性耦接於低通濾波器103，低通濾波器103電性耦接於類比數位訊號轉換器104，類比數位訊號轉換器104電性耦接於快速傅利葉計算器105，快速傅利葉計算器105電性耦接於參數儲存器106及絕對頻譜能量計算器107，參數儲存器106電性耦接於絕對頻譜能量計算器107，參數儲存器106及絕對頻譜能量計算器107電性耦接於水下噪音分類器109，水下噪音分類器109及計時器108電性耦接於資料儲存器110。然上述電性耦接方式並非 用以限制本新型，熟習此技藝者當可採用適當之電性耦接方式來實現本新型。The underwater microphone 101 is electrically coupled to the signal amplifier 102. The signal amplifier 102 is electrically coupled to the low pass filter 103. The low pass filter 103 is electrically coupled to the analog digital signal converter 104. The signal converter 104 is electrically coupled to the fast Fourier calculator 105. The fast Fourier calculator 105 is electrically coupled to the parameter storage 106 and the absolute spectral energy calculator 107. The parameter storage 106 is electrically coupled to the absolute spectral energy calculation. The parameter 107, the parameter storage unit 106 and the absolute spectrum energy calculator 107 are electrically coupled to the underwater noise classifier 109. The underwater noise classifier 109 and the timer 108 are electrically coupled to the data storage unit 110. However, the above electrical coupling method is not To limit the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention by using appropriate electrical coupling means.
於操作上，水下麥克風101用以量測水下噪音，並將水下噪音轉換為電波訊號，接著，訊號放大器102用以增強電波訊號，並提高電波訊號之訊雜比，隨後，低通濾波器103用以濾除電波訊號中高於第一取樣頻率之部分，如此一來，透過低通濾波器103之操作能防止假象訊號之干擾。再者，類比數位訊號轉換器104用以將電波訊號以一第二取樣頻率轉換為數位資料。In operation, the underwater microphone 101 is used to measure the underwater noise and convert the underwater noise into a radio wave signal. Then, the signal amplifier 102 is used to enhance the electric wave signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the electric wave signal, and then the low pass. The filter 103 is configured to filter out a portion of the radio signal that is higher than the first sampling frequency, so that the operation of the low-pass filter 103 can prevent the interference of the artifact signal. Moreover, the analog digital signal converter 104 is configured to convert the electric wave signal into digital data at a second sampling frequency.
其次，快速傅利葉計算器104根據一參數將預設長度之數位資料進行轉換，以取得水下噪音頻譜能量，而上述參數可儲存於參數儲存器106中。接著，絕對頻譜能量計算器107用以將水下噪音頻譜能量轉換為一絕對頻譜能量。前述絕對頻譜能量可根據計時器108所提供之時間資訊而儲存於資料儲存器110中，如此，可由計時器108在每一筆絕對頻譜能量儲存前，提供資料感測時間基準點，以作為資料儲存實際時間之參考值。Secondly, the fast Fourier calculator 104 converts the digital data of the preset length according to a parameter to obtain the underwater noise spectrum energy, and the above parameters can be stored in the parameter storage 106. Next, the absolute spectral energy calculator 107 is used to convert the underwater noise spectral energy into an absolute spectral energy. The aforementioned absolute spectral energy can be stored in the data storage 110 according to the time information provided by the timer 108. Thus, the data sensing time reference point can be provided by the timer 108 before each absolute spectral energy storage for data storage. The reference value of the actual time.
據此，本新型所提供之水下噪音感測計100得以有效率且正確地量測水下噪音，並計算出水下噪音的絕對頻譜能量，使得水下噪音能夠精準地量化，以供使用者立即得知水下噪音是否已對海洋生物造成危害，進而立即採用必要之手段來減緩或除去上述水下噪音。此外，由於本新型之水下噪音感測計100包含計時器108，其能提供時間資訊，讓使用者清楚地掌握各個時間點的水下噪音狀況，而 能提前防範水下噪音，或者採取適當之手段以避免水下噪音之產生。Accordingly, the underwater noise sensor 100 provided by the present invention can measure underwater noise efficiently and correctly, and calculate the absolute spectrum energy of the underwater noise, so that the underwater noise can be accurately quantified for the user. Immediately know if underwater noise has caused harm to marine life, and immediately use the necessary means to slow or remove the above-mentioned underwater noise. In addition, since the underwater noise sensor 100 of the present invention includes a timer 108, it can provide time information, so that the user can clearly grasp the underwater noise condition at each time point, and Prevent underwater noise in advance or take appropriate measures to avoid underwater noise.
在一實施例中，上述低通濾波器103所採用之第一取樣頻率大於四萬赫茲(Hz)，上述類比數位訊號轉換器104所採用之第二取樣頻率大於四萬四千赫茲，類比數位訊號轉換器104所轉換而產生之數位資料可高於16位元，然上述參數並非用以限制本新型，熟習此技藝者當可採用適當之參數來實現本新型。In one embodiment, the first sampling frequency used by the low pass filter 103 is greater than 40 megahertz (Hz), and the second sampling frequency used by the analog digital signal converter 104 is greater than 44,000 Hz, analogous digits. The digital data generated by the conversion of the signal converter 104 can be higher than 16 bits. However, the above parameters are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention by using appropriate parameters.
在另一實施例中，上述絕對頻譜能量係由上述水下噪音頻譜能量乘上水下麥克風101之一靈敏度，並扣除訊號放大器102之一倍率值。於再一實施例中，本新型之水下噪音感測計100更包含保護殼111，用以保護水下噪音感測計100，避免海洋生物破壞水下噪音感測計100，並具有防水的效果。In another embodiment, the absolute spectral energy is multiplied by the sensitivity of the underwater noise spectrum energy by one of the underwater microphones 101, and one value of the signal amplifier 102 is subtracted. In still another embodiment, the underwater noise sensor 100 of the present invention further includes a protective shell 111 for protecting the underwater noise sensor 100, preventing the marine organism from damaging the underwater noise sensor 100, and having waterproof effect.
在一實施例中，計時器之時間精準度至少10毫秒。上述快速傅利葉計算器104所採用的參數可包含數位資料長度、轉換資料重疊率、轉換視窗長度點數及快速傅利葉轉換點數。參數儲存器106更可用以儲存水下麥克風101之一靈敏度、訊號放大器102之一倍率值、類比數位訊號轉換器104之第二取樣頻率、數位資料長度、轉換資料重疊率、轉換視窗長度點數及快速傅利葉轉換點數。In one embodiment, the time precision of the timer is at least 10 milliseconds. The parameters used by the fast Fourier controller 104 may include a digital data length, a conversion data overlap rate, a conversion window length point, and a fast Fourier transform point number. The parameter storage 106 is further configured to store one sensitivity of the underwater microphone 101, a magnification value of the signal amplifier 102, a second sampling frequency of the analog digital signal converter 104, a digital data length, a conversion data overlap rate, and a conversion window length point. And fast Fourier transform points.
詳細而言，上述「數位資料長度」指的是電波訊號轉換為數位資料的形式後，準備輸入到快速傅利葉計算器的全部資料長度，此長度指的是電波訊號的資料點數。上 述「資料重疊率」則是用在決定前後筆快速傅利葉計算資料的交疊情況，目的是為了獲得更密集的計算結果，一般是以交疊的資料長度除以資料總長度的比率，此值不可大於或等於1；如果前後筆數位資料是連續沒有交疊，則資料重疊率為零。上述「轉換視窗長度點數」指的是將所有數位資料經過固定視窗長度的切割後，準備把每筆資料放入快速傅利葉計算器的點數值，與「資料重疊率」相互配合，決定每筆快速傅利葉計算的資料來源。上述「快速傅利葉轉換點數」指的是每次快速傅利葉計算所需的預設資料長度，當此值大於「轉換視窗長度點數」時，則不足的資料點以零值補上，反之則刪除多餘的資料長度，每筆資料遭刪除的部分，不予放置到快速傅利葉計算中。In detail, the above "digital data length" refers to the length of all data to be input to the fast Fourier calculator after the conversion of the radio signal into the form of digital data, and the length refers to the number of data points of the radio signal. on The "data overlap rate" is used to determine the overlap of the fast Fourier calculation data before and after the decision. The purpose is to obtain more intensive calculation results, usually by dividing the length of the overlapped data by the total length of the data. It cannot be greater than or equal to 1; if the data of the front and back pens is continuous without overlapping, the data overlap rate is zero. The above "conversion window length points" refers to the point value of putting all the data into the fast Fourier calculator after cutting through the fixed window length, and the "data overlap rate" is matched to determine each pen. Source of data for fast Fourier calculations. The above-mentioned "fast Fourier transform point number" refers to the preset data length required for each fast Fourier calculation. When the value is larger than the "conversion window length point", the insufficient data points are complemented by zero values, and vice versa. The excess data length is deleted, and the deleted portion of each data is not placed in the fast Fourier calculation.
在另一實施例中，訊號放大器102之倍率值、類比數位訊號轉換器104之第二取樣頻率、數位資料長度、轉換資料重疊率、轉換視窗長度點數及該快速傅利葉轉換點數係為可調整。此外，快速傅利葉轉換點數及轉換視窗長度點數之比值不小於0.0256。In another embodiment, the multiplying value of the signal amplifier 102, the second sampling frequency of the analog digital signal converter 104, the digit data length, the conversion data overlap rate, the conversion window length point, and the fast Fourier transform point number are Adjustment. In addition, the ratio of the fast Fourier transform point number to the conversion window length point is not less than 0.0256.
在任選的一實施例中，水下噪音分類器109係用以判斷水下噪音的種類，並對水下噪音進行分類，其種類包含水下噪音背景值、水下噪音窄頻訊號伴隨諧波值及水下噪音頻寬訊號值，其詳細判斷分類方式分述於後文第2~4圖之記述中。In an optional embodiment, the underwater noise classifier 109 is configured to determine the type of underwater noise and classify the underwater noise, the type of which includes the underwater noise background value, the underwater noise narrow frequency signal accompanied by the harmonic The wave value and the underwater noise bandwidth signal value are described in detail in the description of the second to fourth figures.
第2圖係繪示依照本新型另一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖。如圖所示，水下噪音頻譜能量在 複數個不同的頻率下，具有相應於該些頻率的複數個水下噪音頻譜能量值，例如在五百赫茲、一千赫茲、兩千赫茲、四千赫茲、八千赫茲及一萬六千赫茲下，水下噪音頻譜能量均有相對應的水下噪音頻譜能量值。2 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the underwater noise spectrum energy is At a plurality of different frequencies, having a plurality of underwater noise spectral energy values corresponding to the frequencies, such as at five hundred hertz, one kilohertz, two kilohertz, four kilohertz, eight kilohertz, and one thousand six kilohertz Under the underwater noise spectrum energy has a corresponding underwater noise spectrum energy value.
詳細而言，第2圖所繪示之水下噪音頻譜能量係可被分類為水下噪音背景值，其判斷基準如下。當水下噪音頻譜能量落於五百赫茲至兩萬赫茲之間，且與該些頻率相對應之該些水下噪音頻譜能量值之每八音度衰減率的算數平均值介於4.5分貝至6.5分貝之間，則水下噪音分類器109判定水下噪音為水下噪音背景值。In detail, the underwater noise spectrum energy shown in FIG. 2 can be classified into the underwater noise background value, and the judgment criteria are as follows. When the underwater noise spectrum energy falls between five hundred Hz and 20,000 Hz, and the average value of the octave attenuation rate of the underwater noise spectral energy values corresponding to the frequencies is between 4.5 decibels to Between 6.5 decibels, the underwater noise classifier 109 determines that the underwater noise is the underwater noise background value.
舉例而言，由五百赫茲至一千赫茲之間的八音度衰減率、由一千赫茲至兩千赫茲之間的八音度衰減率、由兩千赫茲至四千赫茲之間的八音度衰減率、由四千赫茲至八千赫茲之間的八音度衰減率及由八千赫茲至一萬六千赫茲之間的八音度衰減率，若將上述各衰減率取平均值，而此平均值介於4.5分貝至6.5分貝之間，則水下噪音分類器109判定該水下噪音為水下噪音背景值。For example, an octave attenuation rate from five hundred hertz to one kilohertz, an octave attenuation rate from one kilohertz to two kilohertz, and eight between two kilohertz to four kilohertz The attenuation rate of sound, the octave attenuation rate from four kilohertz to eight kilohertz, and the octave attenuation rate from eight kilohertz to one thousand kilohertz, if the above attenuation rates are averaged And the average value is between 4.5 decibels and 6.5 decibels, and the underwater noise classifier 109 determines that the underwater noise is the underwater noise background value.
第3圖係繪示依照本新型再一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖，其所繪示之水下噪音頻譜能量係可被分類為水下噪音窄頻訊號伴隨諧波值，其判斷條件詳述如下。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the underwater noise spectrum energy can be classified into an underwater noise narrow-frequency signal accompanying harmonic value, The judgment conditions are detailed below.
首先，先簡介第3圖，於一主頻頻率f1下，水下噪音頻譜能量具有最大之水下噪音頻譜能量值，於鄰近於主頻頻率f1之一第一鄰近頻率f2下，水下噪音頻譜能量具 有一第一鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值，其中於主頻頻率f1之一第一倍頻頻率f3下，水下噪音頻譜能量具有一第一倍頻水下噪音頻譜能量值，於鄰近於第一倍頻頻率f3之一第二鄰近頻率f4下，水下噪音頻譜能量具有一第二鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值。在此需注意的是，所謂第一倍頻頻率f3係為主頻頻率f1之第一個整數倍頻率。First, let's first introduce the third picture. Under the primary frequency f1, the underwater noise spectrum energy has the largest underwater noise spectrum energy value. Under the first adjacent frequency f2 adjacent to the primary frequency f1, the underwater noise Spectrum energy There is a first adjacent underwater noise spectrum energy value, wherein at the first frequency double frequency f3 of the primary frequency f1, the underwater noise spectral energy has a first frequency doubling underwater noise spectral energy value adjacent to the first At one of the frequency doubling frequency f3, the underwater noise spectrum energy has a second adjacent underwater noise spectrum energy value at the second adjacent frequency f4. It should be noted here that the first frequency doubling frequency f3 is the first integer multiple frequency of the main frequency frequency f1.
於判斷第3圖之水下噪音頻譜能量的種類時，當最大之水下噪音頻譜能量值與第一鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值之差值大於10分貝，且第一倍頻水下噪音頻譜能量值與第二鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值之差值大於6分貝時，水下噪音分類器109判定該水下噪音為水下噪音窄頻訊號伴隨諧波值。一般而言，水下噪音窄頻訊號伴隨諧波值為一較為尖銳的水下噪音，對海洋生物之影響較大，因此，當水下噪音感測計100之水下噪音分類器109將水下噪音判定為水下噪音窄頻訊號伴隨諧波值時，使用者即可得知其對海洋生物之影響較大，應儘速排除產生該水下噪音之因素。When judging the type of underwater noise spectrum energy in Fig. 3, when the difference between the maximum underwater noise spectrum energy value and the first adjacent underwater noise spectrum energy value is greater than 10 decibels, and the first frequency doubled underwater noise spectrum When the difference between the energy value and the energy value of the second adjacent underwater noise spectrum is greater than 6 decibels, the underwater noise classifier 109 determines that the underwater noise is a harmonic signal accompanying the harmonic value of the underwater noise. In general, the underwater noise narrow-frequency signal is accompanied by a harmonic value of a sharper underwater noise, which has a greater impact on marine life. Therefore, when the underwater noise sensor 100 of the underwater noise classifier 109 will water When the noise is determined as the underwater noise narrow-frequency signal accompanied by the harmonic value, the user can know that it has a greater impact on the marine life, and the factor that generates the underwater noise should be eliminated as soon as possible.
第4圖係繪示依照本新型又一實施例的一種水下噪音頻譜能量之示意圖，其所繪示之水下噪音頻譜能量係可被分類為水下噪音頻寬訊號值，其判斷條件詳述如下。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the underwater noise spectrum energy according to still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the underwater noise spectrum energy can be classified into an underwater noise bandwidth signal value, and the judgment condition is detailed. As described below.
在此需說明的是，在第4圖中，最大之水下噪音頻譜能量值、第一倍頻水下噪音頻譜能量值之意義均相同於第3圖，為使本新型說明簡潔，在此不作贅述。於判斷第4圖之水下噪音頻譜能量的種類時，當最大之水下噪音頻譜能量值與第一倍頻水下噪音頻譜能量值的差值小於6分 貝，且不符合水下噪音背景值之條件者，水下噪音分類器判定水下噪音為水下噪音頻寬訊號值。一般而言，水下噪音頻寬訊號值為一類似撞擊聲的水下噪音，對海洋生物之影響較大，因此，當水下噪音感測計100之水下噪音分類器109將該水下噪音判定為水下噪音頻寬訊號值時，使用者即可得知其對海洋生物之影響較大，應儘速排除產生該水下噪音之因素。It should be noted that in Fig. 4, the meaning of the maximum underwater noise spectrum energy value and the first frequency doubled underwater noise spectrum energy value are the same as those in Fig. 3, in order to simplify the description of the present invention. Do not repeat them. When judging the type of underwater noise spectrum energy in Figure 4, when the difference between the maximum underwater noise spectrum energy value and the first frequency doubled underwater noise spectrum energy value is less than 6 points If the condition of the underwater noise background value is not met, the underwater noise classifier determines that the underwater noise is the underwater noise bandwidth signal value. In general, the underwater noise bandwidth signal value is a submerged noise similar to the impact sound, which has a greater impact on marine life. Therefore, when the underwater noise classifier 100 of the underwater noise sensor 100 is underwater When the noise is determined as the underwater noise bandwidth signal value, the user can know that it has a great influence on the marine life, and the factor that generates the underwater noise should be eliminated as soon as possible.
總結第2至4圖之結論，水下噪音感測計100之水下噪音分類器109係根據複數個分類條件以判斷水下噪音的種類，該些分類條件包含最大之水下噪音頻譜能量值、主頻頻率f1、水下噪音頻譜能量落於五百赫茲至兩萬赫茲之間且與該些頻率相對應之該些水下噪音頻譜能量值之每八音度衰減率、第一鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值、第二鄰近水下噪音頻譜能量值、第一倍頻頻率f3。Summarizing the conclusions of Figures 2 to 4, the underwater noise classifier 109 of the underwater noise sensor 100 determines the type of underwater noise according to a plurality of classification conditions, and the classification conditions include the maximum underwater noise spectrum energy value. The primary frequency f1, the underwater noise spectrum energy falls between 500 Hz and 20,000 Hz, and the octave attenuation rate of the underwater noise spectral energy values corresponding to the frequencies, the first adjacent water The lower noise spectrum energy value, the second adjacent underwater noise spectrum energy value, and the first frequency doubled frequency f3.
由上述本新型實施方式可知，應用本新型具有下列優點。本新型實施例藉由提供一種水下噪音感測計，藉以有效率且正確地量測水下噪音，並計算出水下噪音的絕對頻譜能量，使得水下噪音能夠精準地量化，以供使用者立即得知水下噪音是否已對海洋生物造成危害，進而立即採用必要之手段來減緩或除去上述水下噪音。It can be seen from the above-described embodiments of the present invention that the application of the present invention has the following advantages. The present embodiment provides an underwater noise sensor for efficiently and correctly measuring underwater noise and calculating the absolute spectral energy of the underwater noise so that the underwater noise can be accurately quantified for the user Immediately know if underwater noise has caused harm to marine life, and immediately use the necessary means to slow or remove the above-mentioned underwater noise.
此外，由於本新型之水下噪音感測計包含計時器，其能提供時間資訊，讓使用者清楚地掌握各個時間點的水下噪音狀況，而能提前防範水下噪音，或者採取適當之手段以避免水下噪音之產生。In addition, since the underwater noise sensor of the present invention includes a timer, it can provide time information, so that the user can clearly grasp the underwater noise condition at each time point, and can prevent underwater noise in advance, or take appropriate measures. To avoid the generation of underwater noise.
雖然上文實施方式中揭露了本新型的具體實施例，然其並非用以限定本新型，本新型所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不悖離本新型之原理與精神的情形下，當可對其進行各種更動與修飾，因此本新型之保護範圍當以附隨申請專利範圍所界定者為準。The specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the above embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, Various changes and modifications may be made thereto, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the accompanying claims.
100‧‧‧水下噪音感測計100‧‧‧Underwater noise sensor
101‧‧‧水下麥克風101‧‧‧Underwater microphone
102‧‧‧訊號放大器102‧‧‧Signal Amplifier
103‧‧‧低通濾波器103‧‧‧Low-pass filter
104‧‧‧類比數位訊號轉換器104‧‧‧ analog digital signal converter
105‧‧‧快速傅利葉計算器105‧‧‧Fast Fourier Calculator
106‧‧‧參數儲存器106‧‧‧Parameter storage
107‧‧‧絕對頻譜能量計算器107‧‧‧Absolute Spectrum Energy Calculator
108‧‧‧計時器108‧‧‧Timer
109‧‧‧水下噪音分類器109‧‧‧Underwater Noise Classifier
110‧‧‧資料儲存器110‧‧‧Data storage
111‧‧‧保護殼111‧‧‧Protection shell
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