CN108507669B - Intermittent burst environment noise reduction method and device for sound level measurement of power equipment - Google Patents
Intermittent burst environment noise reduction method and device for sound level measurement of power equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intermittent burst environment noise reduction method and device for sound level measurement of electrical equipment, wherein the method comprises the following implementation steps: acquiring acoustic signals of the power equipment, carrying out multi-layer time-frequency decomposition, searching for a burst point of environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band, judging whether the acoustic signal with enough length exists before a first burst point in each decomposition frequency band, if each decomposition frequency band meets the condition, reducing pure acoustic signals of each decomposition frequency band by using a calculation power spectrum difference and an inverse Fourier transform method, and reducing the pure acoustic signals of the power equipment according to the pure acoustic signals of each decomposition frequency band; the apparatus comprises a computer device or a sound level meter implementing the aforementioned method. The invention can reduce intermittent burst environment noise interference in the sound level measuring process of the electrical equipment, improve the anti-interference capability of the sound level measuring process of the electrical equipment, and has the advantages of convenient operation and high detection efficiency and precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound level measurement technology of electrical equipment, in particular to an intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method and device for sound level measurement of electrical equipment.
Background
The sound level measurement of the power equipment is important work which needs to be carried out in the process of the construction environmental assessment and dispute treatment of the power transmission and transformation project. In the actual sound level detection process, the sound signals of the electrical equipment are difficult to avoid the interference of external environment noise, such as automobile whistling, animal whistling and the like. On-site detection workers usually need to wait for a long time until the interference of environmental noise disappears, and then can continue to measure, so that the measurement period is long, and the measurement efficiency is low. For the continuously occurring environmental noise, the detection work cannot even be carried out. At present, the common method for detecting the sound level of the electrical equipment by using a sound level meter cannot avoid the interference of environmental noise, and a result obtained by direct measurement has a large error with the actual sound level of the electrical equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method and device for the sound level measurement of the electrical equipment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an intermittent burst environment noise reduction method for sound level measurement of power equipment, which comprises the following implementation steps:
1) acquiring an acoustic signal of the power equipment;
2) performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment;
3) searching the burst points of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
4) judging whether an acoustic signal meeting a preset length condition exists before a first burst point in each decomposition frequency band or not according to each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition, and skipping to execute the step 5 if the acoustic signal meeting the preset length condition exists before the first burst point in each decomposition frequency band; otherwise, ending and exiting;
5) aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multilayer time-frequency decomposition, a pure acoustic signal of each decomposition frequency band is restored by utilizing a calculation power spectrum difference and an inverse Fourier transform method;
6) and restoring the pure acoustic signals of the power equipment according to the pure acoustic signals of the various decomposition frequency bands.
Preferably, the step 2) of performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment specifically means performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment by using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm; and 3) when the burst point of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition is searched, specifically, the burst point of the environmental noise in the decomposition frequency band is searched for the detail coefficient of the layer 1 of the wavelet decomposition.
Preferably, the acoustic signal with the preset length condition in step 4) specifically refers to an acoustic signal with a time length greater than or equal to 0.5 s.
Preferably, the detailed steps of step 5) include:
5.1) traversing and selecting one decomposition frequency band as a current decomposition frequency band aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
5.2) calculating the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) The power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) Subtracting the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Obtaining the power spectrum difference of the current decomposition frequency bandP s(ω)=P y (ω)-P t(ω)；
5.3) Power spectral Difference from the Current decomposition bandP s(ω) Calculating the magnitude spectrum of the current decomposition bandY s(ω)；
5.4) amplitude spectra to the current decomposition bandY s(ω) Performing inverse Fourier transform to recover the environmental noise signal of the current decomposition frequency bands(t)；
5.5) time-domain signal of current decomposition frequency bandy(t) is subtracteds(t) To obtain a clean acoustic signal of the current decomposition frequency bandn(t)；
5.6) judging whether the decomposition frequency band is traversed completely, if not, traversing and selecting the next decomposition frequency band as the current decomposition frequency band, and skipping to execute the step 5.2); otherwise, the jump is performed to step 6).
Preferably, the step 6) of restoring the clean acoustic signals of the power equipment from the clean acoustic signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands means that the clean acoustic signals of the power equipment are obtained by adding the clean acoustic signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands.
In addition, the invention also provides a sound level measuring device for reducing intermittent burst environmental noise of the electric power equipment, which comprises computer equipment, wherein the computer equipment is programmed to execute the steps of the sound level measuring method for reducing intermittent burst environmental noise of the electric power equipment.
In addition, the invention also provides an intermittent burst environmental noise reduction device for the sound level measurement of the electrical equipment, which comprises a microphone, a preamplifier and a sound level meter body which are sequentially connected, wherein the sound level meter body is programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method for the sound level measurement of the electrical equipment.
In addition, the invention also provides a sound level measuring device for the electrical equipment, which comprises a microphone, a preamplifier and a sound level meter body which are sequentially connected, wherein an intermittent burst environmental noise reduction device for measuring the sound level of the electrical equipment is connected between the preamplifier and the sound level meter body.
In addition, the invention also provides a sound level measuring device for the electric equipment, which comprises a microphone, a preamplifier and a sound level meter body which are connected in sequence, wherein the sound level meter body is programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method for the sound level measurement of the electric equipment.
The intermittent burst environment noise reduction for the sound level measurement of the power equipment has the following advantages:
after the method acquires the acoustic signal of the power equipment, performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment, and searching for the burst point of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by the multi-layer time-frequency decomposition; according to each decomposition frequency band obtained by multilayer time-frequency decomposition, whether an acoustic signal meeting a preset length condition exists before a first burst point in each decomposition frequency band is judged, if the acoustic signal meeting the preset length condition exists before the first burst point in each decomposition frequency band, a pure acoustic signal of each decomposition frequency band is restored by utilizing a calculation power spectrum difference and an inverse Fourier transform method aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multilayer time-frequency decomposition, and finally a pure acoustic signal of the power equipment is restored according to the pure acoustic signal of each decomposition frequency band, so that intermittent burst environmental noise interference in the sound level measurement process of the power equipment can be effectively reduced, the intermittent burst environmental noise interference resistance in the sound level measurement process of the power equipment is improved, and the method has the advantages of convenience in operation, high detection efficiency and high test precision.
The device for reducing the sound level of the electric power equipment for measuring the sound level of the electric power equipment is a device corresponding to the method for measuring the sound level of the electric power equipment for reducing the intermittent sudden environmental noise, and the device also has the advantages of the method for measuring the sound level of the electric power equipment for reducing the intermittent sudden environmental noise, and is not repeated here. The sound level measuring device for the electrical equipment is a complete machine product comprising the sound level measuring intermittent burst environmental noise reduction device for the electrical equipment, and also has the advantages of the sound level measuring method for the electrical equipment for reducing the intermittent burst environmental noise, and the detailed description is omitted.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic process of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a time domain waveform diagram of an acoustic signal containing intermittent burst environmental noise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a time-frequency exploded view of an acoustic signal containing intermittent burst environmental noise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of time domain waveforms of an actual acoustic signal and a restored clean acoustic signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the implementation steps of the intermittent burst ambient noise reduction method for measuring the sound level of the electrical equipment in the embodiment include:
1) acquiring an acoustic signal of the power equipment;
2) performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment;
3) searching the burst points of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
4) judging whether an acoustic signal meeting a preset length condition exists before a first burst point in each decomposition frequency band or not according to each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition, and skipping to execute the step 5 if the acoustic signal meeting the preset length condition exists before the first burst point in each decomposition frequency band; otherwise, ending and exiting;
5) aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multilayer time-frequency decomposition, a pure acoustic signal of each decomposition frequency band is restored by utilizing a calculation power spectrum difference and an inverse Fourier transform method;
6) and restoring the pure acoustic signals of the power equipment according to the pure acoustic signals of the various decomposition frequency bands.
After the pure sound signals of the electric power equipment are obtained, sound level calculation can be carried out according to the pure sound signals of the electric power equipment, and the calculated sound levels are output.
In this embodiment, the step 2) of performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment specifically includesThe pointer carries out multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment by adopting a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm; and 3) when the burst point of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition is searched, specifically, the burst point of the environmental noise in the decomposition frequency band is searched for the detail coefficient of the layer 1 of the wavelet decomposition. In this embodiment, performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition specifically means performing 3-layer time-frequency decomposition, where the number of decomposition layers is determined according to the sampling frequency of the acoustic signal of the power equipment, and finally 8 decomposition frequency bands are obtained, the sampling frequency of the acoustic signal of the power equipment is 22.05kHz, and the sampling time is 3 s. Power equipment acoustic signal containing intermittent burst environmental noises mIs shown in fig. 2. The time-frequency decomposition result of the acoustic signal of the power equipment containing the intermittent burst environmental noise is shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, the acoustic signal with the preset length condition in step 4) specifically refers to an acoustic signal with a time length greater than or equal to 0.5 s. And 3) judging whether the time length of the electric equipment sound signal before the first burst point in each decomposition frequency band is 0.5s, and if the length of the sound signal is less than 0.5s, quitting the re-measurement of the sound signal.
In this embodiment, the detailed steps of step 5) include:
5.1) traversing and selecting one decomposition frequency band as a current decomposition frequency band aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
5.2) calculating the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) The power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) Subtracting the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Obtaining the power spectrum difference of the current decomposition frequency bandP s(ω)=P y (ω)-P t(ω)；
5.3) Power spectral Difference from the Current decomposition bandP s(ω) Calculating the magnitude spectrum of the current decomposition bandY s(ω)；
5.4) in pairsAmplitude spectrum of pre-resolution frequency bandY s(ω) Performing inverse Fourier transform to recover the environmental noise signal of the current decomposition frequency bands(t)；
5.5) time-domain signal of current decomposition frequency bandy(t) is subtracteds(t) To obtain a clean acoustic signal of the current decomposition frequency bandn(t)；
5.6) judging whether the decomposition frequency band is traversed completely, if not, traversing and selecting the next decomposition frequency band as the current decomposition frequency band, and skipping to execute the step 5.2); otherwise, the jump is performed to step 6).
In this embodiment, the step 6) of restoring the clean acoustic signals of the power equipment from the clean acoustic signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands specifically means that the clean acoustic signals of the power equipment are obtained by adding the clean acoustic signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands.
In this embodiment, the acoustic signal of the actual electric power equipments 1And the restored pure electric power equipment acoustic signalp tThe time domain waveform diagram is shown in fig. 4. The time domain waveforms have high consistency, and the spectral correlation coefficient of the two waveforms is about 1.0 after analysis. Electric power equipment sound signal containing intermittent burst environment noise through sound pressure level calculations mSound level of 63.1 dB (A), actual sound signal of electric power equipments 1The sound level is 59.8 dB (A), and the restored pure electric power equipment sound signalp tSound pressure level 59.5 dB (A) and actual sound signal of electric power equipments 1The difference in sound level is only 0.3 db (a), and the error is 3.3 db (a) if sound level detection is directly performed. The invention obviously improves the sound level measurement precision of the electric equipment when the electric equipment contains intermittent sudden environmental noise and reduces the interference of the environmental noise on the sound level measurement result of the electric equipment.
The present embodiment further provides an intermittent sudden environmental noise reduction apparatus for power equipment sound level measurement, which includes a computer device programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent sudden environmental noise reduction method for power equipment sound level measurement of the present embodiment, where the computer device may be a conventional computer device or an embedded computer device.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment further provides a sound level measuring device for electrical equipment, which includes a microphone 1, a preamplifier 2, and a sound level meter body 3 connected in sequence, and the aforementioned intermittent sudden environmental noise reduction device for measuring the sound level of electrical equipment (component a in fig. 5) is connected between the preamplifier 2 and the sound level meter body 3. The sound level meter body 3 can perform sound level calculation according to the pure sound signal of the power equipment and output the calculated sound level after obtaining the pure sound signal of the power equipment output by the component A). The present embodiment is essentially to connect an embedded noise reduction processing device (intermittent sudden environmental noise reduction means) between the conventional preamplifier 2 and the sound level meter body 3, and the noise reduction processing device is programmed to execute the steps of the sound level measurement method for electric power equipment for reducing intermittent sudden environmental noise of the present embodiment, so as to reduce the intermittent sudden environmental noise. The embodiment is a modification scheme aiming at the traditional sound level meter, can be suitable for modifying various existing sound level meters, and has the advantages of low modification price and wide application range.
Example two:
the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the main differences are as follows: the sound level measuring device of the electrical equipment in the embodiment has different structures, and is a brand new integrated sound level meter.
As shown in fig. 6, the sound level measuring apparatus for electrical equipment of this embodiment includes a microphone 1, a preamplifier 2, and a sound level meter body 3, which are connected in sequence, where the sound level meter body 3 is programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method for measuring the sound level of electrical equipment (see embodiment one for details), and the sound level meter body 3 directly reduces the original sound signal of the electrical equipment to obtain a pure sound signal of the electrical equipment, and then performs sound level calculation according to the pure sound signal of the electrical equipment, and outputs the calculated sound level.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method for sound level measurement of electric equipment is characterized by comprising the following implementation steps:
1) acquiring an acoustic signal of the power equipment;
2) performing multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the acoustic signal of the power equipment;
3) searching the burst points of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
4) judging whether an acoustic signal meeting a preset length condition exists before a first burst point in each decomposition frequency band or not according to each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition, and skipping to execute the step 5 if the acoustic signal meeting the preset length condition exists before the first burst point in each decomposition frequency band; otherwise, ending and exiting;
5) aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multilayer time-frequency decomposition, a pure acoustic signal of each decomposition frequency band is restored by utilizing a calculation power spectrum difference and an inverse Fourier transform method;
6) and restoring the pure acoustic signals of the power equipment according to the pure acoustic signals of the various decomposition frequency bands.
2. The intermittent burst environmental noise reduction method for sound level measurement of electrical equipment according to claim 1, wherein step 2) performs multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the sound signal of the electrical equipment, specifically, performs multi-layer time-frequency decomposition on the sound signal of the electrical equipment by using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm; and 3) when the burst point of the environmental noise in each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition is searched, specifically, the burst point of the environmental noise in the decomposition frequency band is searched for the detail coefficient of the layer 1 of the wavelet decomposition.
3. The method for reducing noise in intermittent sudden environment at sound level measurement of electric power equipment according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic signal with preset length condition in step 4) is specifically an acoustic signal with time length greater than or equal to 0.5 s.
4. The intermittent burst ambient noise reduction method for electric power equipment sound level measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that the detailed steps of step 5) comprise:
5.1) traversing and selecting one decomposition frequency band as a current decomposition frequency band aiming at each decomposition frequency band obtained by multi-layer time-frequency decomposition;
5.2) calculating the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) The power spectrum of the current decomposition bandP y(ω) Subtracting the power spectrum of the acoustic signal before the first burst point of the current decomposition bandP t(ω) Obtaining the power spectrum difference of the current decomposition frequency bandP s(ω)=P y (ω)-P t(ω)；
5.3) Power spectral Difference from the Current decomposition bandP s(ω) Calculating the magnitude spectrum of the current decomposition bandY s(ω)；
5.4) amplitude spectra to the current decomposition bandY s(ω) Performing inverse Fourier transform to recover the environmental noise signal of the current decomposition frequency bands(t)；
5.5) time-domain signal of current decomposition frequency bandy(t) is subtracteds(t) To obtain a clean acoustic signal of the current decomposition frequency bandn(t)；
5.6) judging whether the decomposition frequency band is traversed completely, if not, traversing and selecting the next decomposition frequency band as the current decomposition frequency band, and skipping to execute the step 5.2); otherwise, the jump is performed to step 6).
5. The intermittent burst ambient noise reduction method for sound level measurement of electrical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step 6) of restoring the clean sound signals of the electrical equipment according to the clean sound signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands specifically means adding the clean sound signals of the respective decomposition frequency bands to obtain the clean sound signals of the electrical equipment.
6. An intermittent burst ambient noise reduction device for power equipment sound level measurement, comprising a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent burst ambient noise reduction method for power equipment sound level measurement according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. A sound level measuring device for electrical equipment, which comprises a microphone (1), a preamplifier (2) and a sound level meter body (3) which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that the intermittent burst environmental noise reduction device for the sound level measurement of the electrical equipment as claimed in claim 6 is connected between the preamplifier (2) and the sound level meter body (3).
8. An electric equipment sound level measuring device, comprising a microphone (1), a preamplifier (2) and a sound level meter body (3) which are connected in sequence, characterized in that the sound level meter body (3) is programmed to execute the steps of the intermittent burst environment noise reduction method for electric equipment sound level measurement according to any one of claims 1-5.
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