CN105424172B - A kind of distributed power transformer noise detection system and its noise detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of distributed power transformer noise detection system and its noise detecting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种分布式电力变压器噪声检测系统及其噪声检测方法，检测系统包括检测中心单元和多个检测终端，检测终端包括噪声传感模块、信号采集与A/D转换模块、数字信号处理模块、信号远程传输模块、时钟模块和电源模块；检测方法步骤包括：预先安装检测终端，检测中心单元向检测终端发出请求，检测终端收到请求后采集噪声信号并依次进行背景噪声滤波、1/3倍频谱计算、声压级计算以及检测结果编码，最终将编码后的检测结果发送给检测中心单元，检测中心单元将收到的检测结果保存至数据库。本发明能够实现较大区域内电力变压器噪声的分布式检测以及检测数据的分类整理，现场无需工作人员，具有检测范围广、成本低、操作方便的优点。
The invention discloses a distributed power transformer noise detection system and a noise detection method thereof. The detection system includes a detection center unit and a plurality of detection terminals, and the detection terminals include a noise sensing module, a signal acquisition and A/D conversion module, a digital signal A processing module, a signal remote transmission module, a clock module and a power module; the detection method steps include: pre-installing the detection terminal, the detection center unit sends a request to the detection terminal, and the detection terminal collects the noise signal after receiving the request and sequentially performs background noise filtering, 1 /3 times spectrum calculation, sound pressure level calculation and detection result coding, and finally the coded detection results are sent to the detection center unit, and the detection center unit saves the received detection results to the database. The invention can realize the distributed detection of the power transformer noise in a relatively large area and the classification and sorting of the detection data, without the need of staff on site, and has the advantages of wide detection range, low cost and convenient operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power transformer noise detection techniques, and in particular to a kind of distributed power transformer noise measuring
System and its noise detecting method.
Background technique
With continuous increase, the continuous improvement of voltage class of power grid scale, the influence of noise problem of power equipment is increasingly
It is prominent.In recent years, tip-offs about environmental issues quantity related with power equipment noise problem constantly rises, and the influence of noise of power equipment is
As the pressing issues that must be faced during power grid construction.Transformer is one of noise source the most main in power equipment,
Its noise measuring is the premise to transformer noise specificity analysis and control.In addition, power transformer noise and its operating status
Closely related, different noise characteristics corresponds to different faults type, therefore, noise measuring for Power Transformer Condition evaluation with
Fault diagnosis is equally of great significance.Currently, needing staff to carry large number of equipment to detect transformer noise and going to
Substation field, such as sound level meter, calibrator, extension rod, cable, tripod carry more inconvenient and scene and need to setting
It is standby to be installed.For more remote substation, the round-trip substation of staff take time relatively long, be easy to cause manpower,
Material resources waste.The more situation of substation to be measured is encountered, it is longer to complete test period needed for all transformer noises detect.
In addition, every time after the completion of noise measuring, staff is required to carry out individually arranging to data and analysis, the data that need to be arranged compared with
It is more, it is unfavorable for improving working efficiency, and be difficult to carry out certain time for transformer a certain in specific region, particular substation
The statistical analysis of history noise data characteristic in range.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: in view of the above problems in the prior art, one kind is provided and is able to carry out on a large scale
Interior power transformer noise measures simultaneously to be become with storage, saving manpower and material resources, easy to operate, lower-cost distributed power
Depressor noise detection system and its noise detecting method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of power transformer noise detecting method based on aforementioned distributed power transformer noise detection system, distribution
Formula power transformer noise detection system, including inspection center's unit and multiple detection terminals, the detection terminal includes noise
Sensing module, signal acquisition and A/D conversion module, digital signal processing module, signal remote transmission module, clock module and electricity
Source module, the noise sensing module, signal acquisition and A/D conversion module, digital signal processing module, signal remote transmission mould
Block is sequentially connected, and the clock module is connected with digital signal processing module, the power module respectively with noise sensing module,
Signal acquisition is connected with A/D conversion module, digital signal processing module, signal remote transmission module, clock module, the signal
Remote transmission module is connected by communication network with inspection center unit, and the implementation steps of detection method include:
1) it will test terminal in substation's installation detection terminal where each target power transformer in advance and pass through communication network
Network is connected with inspection center's unit, and is each detection one globally unique number of terminal distribution；When need for some
Target power transformer jump when noise measuring and is performed the next step；
2) inspection center's unit issues request to detection terminal, and the detection terminal carries out noise after receiving the request
Signal acquisition, and ambient noise filtering, the calculating of 1/3 octave component spectrum, sound pressure level calculating are successively carried out to the noise signal collected
And testing result coding, the testing result after coding is finally sent to inspection center's unit；
3) inspection center's unit saves the testing result received to database.
Preferably, the detailed step of the step 2 includes:
2.1) inspection center's unit issues status query instruction to detection terminal to check whether detection terminal runs
Normally, response is returned to inspection center's unit if detecting normal operation of terminal, and jumps and executes step 2.2), otherwise, knot
Beam simultaneously exits；
2.2) inspection center's unit issues microphone calibration command to detection terminal, and detection terminal receives microphone school
Microphone calibration is carried out after quasi instruction, and returns to response to inspection center's unit after completing clock；
2.3) inspection center's unit issues clock alignment instruction to detection terminal, and detection terminal receives clock alignment and refers to
It enables laggard row clock calibrate, and returns to response to inspection center's unit after completing clock；
2.4) inspection center's unit issues Noise Acquisition instruction to detection terminal, and detection terminal receives Noise Acquisition and refers to
Noise Acquisition is carried out after order, and ambient noise filtering, the calculating of 1/3 octave component spectrum, sound are successively carried out to the noise signal collected
Arbitrarily downgrade calculating and testing result coding, the testing result after coding is finally sent to inspection center's unit；
2.5) inspection center's unit verifies testing result format after receiving testing result, if verification
Pass through, then issue Noise Acquisition halt instruction to detection terminal, detection terminal stops carrying out after receiving Noise Acquisition halt instruction
Noise Acquisition, into standby mode.
Preferably, the detailed step that ambient noise filtering is carried out in the step 2.4) includes: to utilizenLayer WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION
Algorithm existsF s Transformer noise is divided into 2 according to frequency from low to high in/2 frequency ranges n Section, whereinF sFor sample frequency, with
One section of transformer noise signal when ambient noise does not occur estimates pure transformer noise letter in each WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION frequency range
Number power spectrumP n (w), using spectrum-subtraction voice enhancement algorithm from the power spectrum of each WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION frequency band noise signalP y (w)
In subtract the power spectrum of pure transformer noise signalP n (w) obtain Background Noise Power spectrumP s (w), to the ambient noise function
Rate spectrumP s (w) carry out Fourier inversion acquisition ambient noise time-domain signals(t), by each time-domain signal for decomposing frequency rangey(t)
In subtracts(t), obtain the pure transformer noise signal of each frequency rangen(t)。
Preferably, the filter for carrying out using when 1/3 octave component spectrum calculates in the step 2.4) is 3 rank Butterworth
Filter.
Preferably, the detailed step that sound pressure level calculating is carried out in the step 2.4) includes: to calculate for 1/3 octave component spectrum
Output as a result, according to sound pressure level definition calculate the corresponding sound pressure level of each third-octave centre frequency and using A weighting network into
Row amendment, then carry out sound pressure level summation and obtain overall sound pressure level of the equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level as power transformer.
Preferably, it when inspection center's unit saves the testing result received to database in the step 3), is saved
Field information include that detection date, power transformation station name, transformer be separate, overall sound pressure level, third-octave.
Distributed power transformer noise detection system of the present invention has an advantage that the present invention includes inspection center's unit
With multiple detection terminals, detecting terminal includes noise sensing module, signal acquisition and A/D conversion module, Digital Signal Processing mould
Block, signal remote transmission module, clock module and power module, signal remote transmission module pass through communication network and inspection center
Unit is connected, to form distributed power transformer noise measuring structure, is become by the way that detection terminal detection is arranged in substation
Depressor noise realizes remote quickly transmission using communication network, and data is classified and protected using inspection center's unit
It deposits, can be realized the Distributed Detection of transformer noise, can be realized the distributed inspection of power transformer noise in large area
It surveys and the taxonomic revision of detection data, scene is not necessarily to staff, with wide, at low cost, easy to operate excellent of detection range
Point.
Power transformer noise detecting method of the invention has an advantage that power transformer noise measuring of the invention
Method is the noise detecting method based on distributed power transformer noise detection system of the present invention, distributed using the present invention
The distributed system architecture of power transformer noise detection system carries out noise when needing to be directed to some target power transformer
When detection, inspection center's unit issues request to detection terminal, and detection terminal carries out noise signal after receiving the request and adopts
Collection, and ambient noise filtering, the calculating of 1/3 octave component spectrum, sound pressure level calculating and inspection are successively carried out to the noise signal collected
Result coding is surveyed, the testing result after coding is finally sent to inspection center's unit, the detection that inspection center's unit will receive
As a result point that can be realized the Distributed Detection and detection data of power transformer noise in large area to database is saved
Class arranges, and scene is not necessarily to staff, has the advantages that detection range is wide, at low cost, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of noise detection system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the basic flow chart of noise detecting method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Marginal data: 1, inspection center's unit；2, terminal is detected；21, noise sensing module；22, signal acquisition and A/D turn
Change the mold block；23, digital signal processing module；24, signal remote transmission module；25, clock module；26, power module.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the distributed power transformer noise detection system of the present embodiment includes inspection center's unit 1 and more
A detection terminal 2, detection terminal 2 include noise sensing module 21, signal acquisition and A/D conversion module 22, Digital Signal Processing
Module 23, signal remote transmission module 24, clock module 25 and power module 26, noise sensing module 21, signal acquisition and A/D
Conversion module 22, digital signal processing module 23, signal remote transmission module 24 are sequentially connected, clock module 25 and digital signal
Processing module 23 is connected, and power module 26 is believed with noise sensing module 21, signal acquisition and A/D conversion module 22, number respectively
Number processing module 23, signal remote transmission module 24, clock module 25 are connected, and signal remote transmission module 24 passes through communication network
It is connected with inspection center unit 1.
The present embodiment is provided using the power module 26 that the maintenance cabinet power supply of power transformer in substation is detection terminal 2
Uninterrupted power supply, detection terminal 2 are placed in Repair of Transformer cabinet except the outer remaining part of noise sensing module 21, so that detection end
It holds power supply stable and there is good running environment.
In the present embodiment, noise sensing module 21 includes microphone interconnected and preamplifier, preamplifier
Output end be connected by the cable with shielded layer and signal acquisition with A/D conversion module 22.
In the present embodiment, signal remote transmission module 24 specifically uses GPRS communication module, and GPRS communication module uses 2G
Mobile communications network has the advantages that network communication coverage area domain is wide, purchase cost is low, is especially suitable for distributed power transformer
The communication of the smallest number of noise detection system.In addition, signal remote transmission module 24 also can according to need using classes such as 3G/4G
The communication module of type.
It is logical in the signal remote transmission module 24 of the present embodiment distributed power transformer noise detection system detection terminal 2
It crosses on the basis of communication network is connected with inspection center unit 1, inspection center's unit 1 passes through the means inspection of signal remote transmission and examines
It surveys terminal running state, verification detection terminal and controls the detection acquisition transformer noise signal of terminal 2, thus for based on this implementation
The power transformer noise detecting method of example distributed power transformer noise detection system provides underlying hardware.The present embodiment
In, inspection center's unit 1 is that instruction, data receiver, data decode, data classification arranges, data with sending to detection terminal
The computer of storage and data base call function, the instruction issued include the inquiry of detection terminal running state, testing result
Calibration, clock check and correction, noise signal acquisition and detection stop.
As shown in Fig. 2, the power transformer noise based on the present embodiment distributed power transformer noise detection system is examined
The step of survey method includes:
1) it will test terminal 2 in substation's installation detection terminal 2 where each target power transformer in advance and pass through communication
Network is connected with inspection center unit 1, and distributes a globally unique number for each detection terminal 2；When need for certain
One target power transformer jump when noise measuring and is performed the next step；Aforementioned the present embodiment distributed power transformer is made an uproar
The distributed frame of sound detection system can will test terminal 2 flexible arrangement within a certain areanIn a AC Substation,
1 detection terminal 2 is arranged in every transformer, by being numbered respectively to region, substation and transformer, so that often
A detection terminal 2 respectively corresponds a unique number, in order to mutually distinguish；
2) inspection center's unit 1 issues request to detection terminal 2, and detection terminal 2 carries out noise signal after receiving the request
Acquisition, and the noise signal collected is successively carried out ambient noise filtering, 1/3 octave component spectrum calculate, sound pressure level calculate and
Testing result coding, is finally sent to inspection center's unit 1 for the testing result after coding；
3) inspection center's unit 1 saves the testing result received to database.
It should be understood that for reducing data traffic between detection terminal 2, inspection center's unit 1, saving number
According to the angle of communications cost, by noise measuring related computing, (ambient noise filtering, 1/3 octave component compose calculating, sound to the present embodiment
Arbitrarily downgrade calculating and testing result coding) realized by each detection terminal 2.But this by no means implies that the present embodiment
The related computing of distributed power transformer noise detection system is only realized by each detection terminal 2.Especially in 3G/
Under the premise of the high bandwidths such as 4G, inexpensive mobile network become increasingly popular, those skilled in the art unquestionably can also basis
It needs to handle noise measuring related computing by inspection center's unit 1, and which can also reduce detection eventually
The operation requirement to processor at end 2.Meanwhile the realization of the present embodiment distributed power transformer noise detection system is not yet
Dependent on the noise measuring related computing method that the present embodiment refers to, the noise measuring correlation fortune referred in addition to the present embodiment
It calculates other than processing method, those skilled in the art unquestionably also can according to need using other kinds of noise measuring side
Method equally also can be realized the distributed noise measuring of power transformer, and details are not described herein.
In the present embodiment, the detailed step of step 2 includes:
2.1) inspection center's unit 1 issues status query instruction to detection terminal 2 to check whether detection terminal 2 runs just
Often, response is returned to inspection center's unit 1 if detection terminal 2 operates normally, and jumps and executes step 2.2), otherwise, knot
Beam simultaneously exits；
2.2) inspection center's unit 1 issues microphone calibration command to detection terminal 2, and detection terminal 2 receives microphone school
Microphone calibration is carried out after quasi instruction, and returns to response to inspection center's unit 1 after completing clock；
2.3) inspection center's unit 1 issues clock alignment instruction to detection terminal 2, and detection terminal 2 receives clock alignment and refers to
It enables laggard row clock calibrate, and returns to response to inspection center's unit 1 after completing clock；
2.4) inspection center's unit 1 issues Noise Acquisition instruction to detection terminal 2, and detection terminal 2 receives Noise Acquisition and refers to
Noise Acquisition is carried out after order, and ambient noise filtering, the calculating of 1/3 octave component spectrum, sound are successively carried out to the noise signal collected
Arbitrarily downgrade calculating and testing result coding, the testing result after coding is finally sent to inspection center's unit 1；
2.5) inspection center's unit 1 verifies testing result format after receiving testing result, if verification is logical
It crosses, then issues Noise Acquisition halt instruction to detection terminal 2, detection terminal 2 stops carrying out after receiving Noise Acquisition halt instruction
Noise Acquisition, into standby mode.
In the present embodiment, the detailed step that ambient noise filtering is carried out in step 2.4) includes: to utilizenLayer WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION
Algorithm existsF s Transformer noise is divided into 2 according to frequency from low to high in/2 frequency ranges n Section, whereinF sFor sample frequency, with
One section of transformer noise signal when ambient noise does not occur estimates pure transformer noise letter in each WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION frequency range
Number power spectrumP n (w), using spectrum-subtraction voice enhancement algorithm from the power spectrum of each WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION frequency band noise signalP y (w)
In subtract the power spectrum of pure transformer noise signalP n (w) obtain Background Noise Power spectrumP s (w), to the ambient noise function
Rate spectrumP s (w) carry out Fourier inversion acquisition ambient noise time-domain signals(t), by each time-domain signal for decomposing frequency rangey(t)
In subtracts(t), obtain the pure transformer noise signal of each frequency rangen(t)。
The filter for carrying out using when 1/3 octave component spectrum calculates in the present embodiment, in step 2.4) is 3 rank Butterworth
Filter.The present embodiment is filtered by the above-mentioned ambient noise based on wavelet packet decomposition algorithm, can be carried out to transformer noise
Time-frequency domain resolution process is therefrom found out the frequency range containing substation's ambient noise (such as chirping of birds, chirp), and is used to the frequency range
Spectrum-subtraction voice enhancement algorithm eliminates substation's ambient noise, believes to obtain pure transformer body and fan mixed noise
Number, compared with wavelet decomposition algorithm, wavelet packet decomposition algorithm can carry out finer division to transformer noise frequency, and
Each band noise signal is obtained to change with time process.
In the present embodiment, the detailed step that sound pressure level calculating is carried out in step 2.4) includes: to calculate for 1/3 octave component spectrum
Output as a result, according to sound pressure level definition calculate the corresponding sound pressure level of each third-octave centre frequency and using A weighting network into
Row amendment, then carry out sound pressure level summation and obtain overall sound pressure level of the equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level as power transformer.It is specifically in the present embodiment
Third octave filter is designed according to the requirement of third-octave centre frequency and GB/T 3241-1998, to pure transformation
Device noise carries out third-octave analysis and calculates equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level.Third octave filter's type is 3 rank Butterworth filter
Wave device after carrying out 1/3 octave component filtering to pure transformer noise, calculates each third-octave center according to sound pressure level definition
The corresponding sound pressure level of frequency, and be modified using A weighting network, equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level is obtained using sound pressure level summation method.
In the present embodiment, when inspection center's unit 1 saves the testing result received to database in step 3), saved
Field information include that detection date, power transformation station name, transformer be separate, overall sound pressure level, third-octave.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
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| CN110595612B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-11-19 | 三峡大学 | Method and system for automatically calibrating sensitivity of microphone of noise acquisition device of power equipment |
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| CN112146746B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-24 | 上海小慧智能科技有限公司 | Sound level metering method and sound level meter |
| CN113049953B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2024-01-30 | 国网新源控股有限公司 | Method, device, medium and equipment for fault location through noise |
| CN113049086B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-06-07 | 国家电网有限公司 | Dynamic database forming method and device for acoustic diagnosis of transformer |
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