TWM451941U - Visual diode technique arteriosclerosis measurement device - Google Patents

Description

Imaging type diode arteriosclerosis measuring device

The present invention relates to a measuring device for arteriosclerosis, in particular to an optical and electrical signal measuring unit for analyzing light volume rendering signals, obtaining respiratory rate, pulse rate, vascular sclerosis index, reflection index and pulse wave conduction rate. Image measuring device.

According to modern people, due to exquisite diet and lack of exercise habits, the risk factors of heart and vascular diseases increase, and with the advancement of medical technology, the average life expectancy is prolonged year by year. After the body function ages with age, the function of heart and blood vessels gradually Reduced, various factors, in recent years, heart, blood vessel related diseases have become a major threat to the health of Chinese people.

From the medical point of view, the current main instrument for diagnosing cardiac and vascular function is the electrocardiograph. Because the electrocardiograph can record the electrical conduction process of the whole heart during the rhythmic contraction of the heart and present it with an electrocardiogram, the clinician can use the electrocardiogram as a reference for diagnosing the normal function of the heart function. In terms of blood vessels, the oximeter is the most commonly used device for assessing the blood oxygen concentration. The blood oxygen concentration (SPO ₂ ) parameter obtained can further accurately evaluate the blood circulation function and the oxygen supply state in the blood. It is also an important indicator of whether oxygen metabolism in the brain tissue is sufficient or not. In addition, recently, the evaluation of vascular aging or elastic function can be performed by analyzing the vascular pulse wave to obtain the Stiffness Index (SI). And the two parameters of the Refractory Index (Reflection Index, RI), as an indicator to determine whether the blood vessels are aging, if the vascular pulse wave is combined with the ECG signal, the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) can be obtained to further understand The condition between blood vessels and blood flow.

However, how are these evaluation indicators obtained clinically? In terms of blood vessels, in terms of non-invasive measurement devices, the current indicators of atherosclerosis and vascular reflex are mostly obtained by using pulsation pulses. If the pulse conduction rate is used, the ECG signals are used for calculation. The existing devices for detecting the waveform of blood vessel waves can be mainly divided into two types: pressure type and optical type. However, it is worth noting that these non-invasive measuring devices described above, Although it is quite helpful for assessing the heart and vascular condition of the subject, and it is currently used quite frequently in clinical practice, under the premise of different measurement principles, the existing instrument design is for ECG, blood oxygen concentration and blood vessel pulse. Waves are signaled by different sensing elements. Therefore, in order to obtain all the evaluation indexes of the heart and blood vessels mentioned above, it is necessary to perform detection by a plurality of sensing instruments, which is not only time consuming but also quite troublesome.

Therefore, in order to effectively and easily obtain the heart and blood vessel parameters at a time, and to understand your body condition conveniently and instantly, this creation system combines an optical measuring unit and a telecommunication measuring component to design an image-based diode arteriosclerosis. The measuring device can obtain the parameters completely and easily through the calculation and analysis of the signal, as a basis for understanding the heart and blood vessel conditions.

The main purpose of this creation is to provide an image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device, which mainly uses the principle of electrical signal and optical signal sensing, and achieves a single interface to obtain cardiac telecommunications through the combination of sensing elements. No., vascular pulse wave and other physiological signals.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for image-based diode arteriosclerosis, which uses popular image sensing elements and simultaneously receives pulse wave signals from various parts of the body, and has a variety of measurements. The function of the tissue of the part has more flexibility in measuring the selection of the part.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device which is designed through a single sensing interface, in addition to extracting ECG signals, and simultaneously recording blood vessel waves and light. The volumetric depiction signal, after calculation and analysis, can obtain the respiratory rate, pulse rate, vascular sclerosis index and reflex index of the test subject as an indicator for medically evaluating the degree of arteriosclerosis and physiological signals.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device which adds an analog signal processor design after the optical sensing component to reduce the burden of the back-end software processing and increase its Signal quality and accuracy.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention relates to an imaging diode-based arteriosclerosis measuring device, comprising: at least two light emitting diodes for illuminating different parts of the tissue; measuring the distance between the tissue of the part a length measuring unit; correspondingly disposed in the part organization, each receiving a light signal reflected by each part of the tissue and converting the light signal into a light receiving diode; at least two electrically connected to the light receiving diode The analog signal processor respectively receives and processes the electrical signals converted by the output of each light receiving diode, and performs filtering, amplifying and boosting processing steps; at least two electrical connections are connected to the analog signal processor. The illuminating unit is configured to drive the illuminating unit to emit different light and dark signals; and to electrically connect to the image sensing unit of the illuminating unit to illuminate the illuminating unit The signal is converted into an image signal; and an image analyzing unit is electrically connected to the image sensing unit. The image analysis unit analyzes the image signal, obtains a light volume drawing signal of the tissue of the part, and draws a signal according to the distance between the tissue of the part and the light volume, and calculates the pulse wave conduction velocity between the tissue of the part.

The purpose of the present invention, the technical content, the features, and the effects achieved by the present invention will be more readily understood by the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

The present invention discloses an imaging diode-based arteriosclerosis measuring device, which integrates an optical sensing unit and an electrical signal processing component to form a measuring device for a photometric volumetric drawing signal, by various calculations. The treatment can not only obtain a parameter including a pulse wave conduction velocity (PWV), but also obtain physiological parameters including a blood vessel hardening index (SI), a blood vessel reflex index (RI), and a respiratory rate (BPM).

With this design, this creation not only simplifies the existing vascular function evaluation equipment, but also understands the physiological condition with the heart and blood vessels at the same time, and has considerable application for the diagnosis and prevention of heart and blood vessel related diseases.

Please refer to FIG. 1 for image-based diode arteriosclerosis according to the present creative embodiment. A schematic diagram of the measurement device can be used to extract the respective light volume (PPG) signals of the tissue 10, 10'. The measuring device comprises: at least two light emitting diodes 102, 102', at least two light receiving diodes 104, 104', a length measuring unit 106, at least two analog signal processors 108, 108', At least two light emitting units 110, 110', an image sensing unit 112, and an image analyzing unit 114. The light-emitting diodes 102, 102' are respectively used to illuminate the site tissues 10, 10', and the light-receiving diodes 104, 104' are correspondingly disposed on the site tissues 10, 10' to respectively receive the site tissues 10, 10 'The reflected light signal and convert it into a telecommunication signal. The analog signal processors 108, 108' are electrically connected to the light receiving diodes 104, 104' for receiving the above electrical signals, and filtering, amplifying and boosting the electrical signals. The light-emitting units 110, 110' are electrically connected to the analog signal processors 108, 108' to emit different light and dark signals (for example, flickering signals) by filtering, amplifying and boosting the electrical signals. Then, the image sensing unit 112 electrically connected to the light-emitting units 110, 110' can receive the light and dark signals and convert the light-sensitive signals into image signals. The image analyzing unit 114 is electrically connected to the image sensing unit 112 to analyze the The image signal depicts the light volume of the 10, 10' portion of the captured tissue.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flow chart showing the steps of the method for measuring the image pulse wave velocity according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the description of the embodiment of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, which will be described in detail below.

First, as shown in step S21, the present creation provides at least two-part tissue 10, 10', and the distance between the site tissues 10, 10' is measured by the length measuring unit 106.

In the present embodiment, the present invention uses the earlobe and the tip of the index finger as the embodiment of the tissue 10, 10', but the creation is not limited thereto; On the level of use, the medical person can decide for himself whether the tissue to be tested is 10, 10', for example, it can be the earlobe or the end of the index finger; or the clavicular artery or the radial artery can be used to achieve the creative purpose of the present invention.

Secondly, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the length measuring unit 106 can be, for example, a tape measure for measuring the distance between the site tissues 10, 10', but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the length measuring unit 106 may of course be other tape measure or the like having the same measuring function.

Thereafter, as shown in step S23, the present invention provides at least two light-emitting diodes 102, 102' to respectively illuminate the above-described site tissues 10, 10'.

As shown in step S25, after that, the light receiving diodes 104, 104' start receiving the optical signals reflected by the part tissues 10, 10' and convert them into electrical signals. It should be noted that the optical signals reflected in the present embodiment include optical signals that are "reflected" or "transmitted" by the tissue 10, 10'.

The light emitting diodes 102, 102' can emit light of multiple wavelengths or single wavelengths, and the light receiving diodes 104, 104' can also receive light of multiple wavelengths or single wavelengths and convert them into telecommunication. number.

Then, as shown in step 27, the analog signal processor 108, 108' receives the electrical signals output by the light receiving diodes 104, 104' and filters, amplifies, and boosts them.

Then, as shown in step S29, the filtered, amplified, and boosted electrical signals can be used to drive the light emitting units 110, 110', and control the light emitting units 110, 110' to emit different bright and dark signals.

The light-emitting units 110, 110' may be, for example, light-emitting elements such as LED lamps or incandescent lamps that emit multi-wavelength or single-wavelength light.

As shown in step S31, the image sensing unit 112 receives the light and dark signals from the light emitting units 110, 110' and converts them into image signals.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the image sensing unit 112 may be a digital type of image sensing elements such as a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS). Photography device. The image sensing unit 112 can record one or more images on the spot and adjust the aperture, focal length, resolution, exposure rate, white balance and other parameters of the lens on the spot. The image sensing unit 112 can also selectively transmit the image to the image processing device and display it on the display.

Finally, as shown in step S33, the image analyzing unit 114 analyzes the image signal output by the image sensing unit 112, and draws it into a light intensity variation waveform diagram as shown in FIGS. 3~4 to obtain the location structure. , 10' individual light volume depiction (PPG) signal.

In general, because the light volume rendering signal is the principle of using light sensing elements to absorb light energy, it records a signal that is induced by light changes. Therefore, as shown in Figures 3~4, the waveform represented by the thick solid line part is the PPG signal reflected by the end of the index finger, and the waveform represented by the thin dotted line part is the PPG signal reflected by the earlobe. .

Therefore, after obtaining the individual light volume drawing signals of the two-part tissue 10, 10', as shown in step S35, the image analyzing unit 114 can further measure the part tissues 10, 10' according to the length measuring unit 106. The distance between the two, and the above two light volume depicting the signal, the pulse conduction velocity (PWV) between the site tissues 10, 10' is calculated.

In general, the distance between the portion tissues 10, 10' measured by the length measuring unit 106 can be manually entered into the image analyzing unit 114 by the user to be analyzed. The image analysis unit 114 first finds the Pulse Transit Time (PTT) between the end of the index finger and the PPG signal reflected by the earlobe in FIG. 3 according to the measurement principle. Then, use the following formula (1):

Wherein D is the distance between the portion tissues 10, 10' measured by the length measuring unit 106, and PTT is the pulse wave transit time, and the pulse wave conduction rate between the site tissues 10, 10' can be calculated by the present creation.

It can be seen that the measuring device disclosed in the present invention is an integrated modular device, which is combined with an optical measuring unit and an electric signal processing component, if more than two parts are to be measured in the future. That is, the existing software, firmware and hardware can be redesigned without having to redesign, but only the measurement module is added under the same image sensing unit and image analysis unit, and the whole system is not limited to the original device. The multi-site organization synchronizes the purpose of capturing signals.

In addition, compared with the traditional signal processing method, if it is necessary to measure the sensing points of most parts of the whole body, it is often limited by the hardware limitation of the signal processor itself, not only the cost is greatly increased, but also the original one must be replaced. Hardware and processor devices can be used to control and control higher-level signal processing.

Therefore, with the measuring device disclosed in the present invention, since the author uses the analog signal to control the brightness of the light emitting signal, and then converts the light into a video signal, the same image can be synchronized. Taking light volume reflection signals reflected by multiple parts of the organization, there is no need to increase the cost of hardware devices, and there is no need to replace the original hardware and processor equipment.

Moreover, the design of the analog signal processor is designed to be processed at the front end of the signal, thereby effectively reducing the burden of processing the back-end software and simultaneously increasing the quality and accuracy of the signal.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device for image-based diode arteriosclerosis according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , the measuring device disclosed in the present invention may further include The data processing unit 200 is electrically connected to the image analyzing unit 114.

For example, the data processing unit 200 may be a computer, a personal digital assistant, or a mobile phone, etc., to further analyze the light volume rendering signal extracted by the image analyzing unit 114 according to a parameter algorithm, thereby obtaining pathology. Physiological parameters such as upper respiratory rate, pulse rate, vascular sclerosis index, and reflex index.

Due to the traditional non-invasive vascular measurement, a single or specific sensing element must be used as the front-end sensing circuit, which often has problems such as high cost and lack of flexibility in use. Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the data processing unit 200 can perform image feature analysis and filtering processing on the light volume rendering signal according to the internal parameter algorithm, thereby calculating the physiological parameters of the hardening of the blood vessel.

In detail, the steps of the execution process include: capturing the image by using the image sensing unit 112 and the image analyzing unit 114, and then selecting the range to be analyzed in the image by the human interface of the data processing unit 200 (Region of Interest, ROI), through the parameter algorithm for signal processing and parameter calculation, the result is displayed on the human machine interface of the data processing unit 200, thereby completing a software flow. The software process can be repeated if there are other requirements for analysis or calculation.

Figure 6 is a parameter algorithm of a data processing unit according to an embodiment of the present creation Schematic diagram of the process. After the image sensing unit 112 and the image analyzing unit 114 capture the image, as shown in step S62, the parameter algorithm first processes the image signal by using an image filter, and then, as shown in step S64, the image signal is extracted. The pixel of the image signal to be analyzed (ROI) is converted into a time axis signal. Thereafter, as shown in step S66, the time axis signal is filtered by a time filter. Finally, as shown in step S68, the signal characteristics of the time axis signal are found through peak-to-valley detection, so that parameters such as RI and SI are calculated by using the signal feature.

Next, as shown in Fig. 7, from the light volume drawing signal of the pulsation waveform of the blood vessel, as shown in Fig. 7, the delay time from the first peak to the second peak depends mainly on the pulse wave. The time during which the transarterial conduction to the lower extremity is reflected back to the artery. Assuming that the distance of conduction is proportional to the height of the human body and is fixed according to each subject, the transmission time of the pulse wave between the aorta and the aorta should be related to the elasticity of the blood vessel. Therefore, the index of hardening of the arteries (SI) can be as follows. Equation (2) for evaluation:

Among them, Height is the height of the subject; Δt is the delay time between the two peaks.

In addition, according to the height variation between the two peaks, the creation can also simultaneously assess the degree of stenosis of the blood in the artery, which is called the vascular reflex index (RI), and its calculation formula is as follows (3):

Where a is the height of the reflected peak; b is the height of the main peak.

Therefore, according to the measuring device disclosed in the present invention, the user can control the image sensing unit 112 and the image analyzing unit 114 to capture continuous images according to the data processing unit 200. Signals, and through the software flow of its internal parameter calculation, calculate the physiological parameters such as RI and SI of hardening of the arteries.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, since there are only temperature sensing and chest belt pressure sensing in the measurement breath, the temperature sensing has the possibility of nose and mouth contact in the measurement, and is easy. Increased anxiety about the route of infection; chest-belt pressure sensing is easy to loosen during measurement and must maintain a certain posture, both of which have difficulty in their operation.

Therefore, in another embodiment, the data processing unit 200 may perform an autoregressive model algorithm for the light volume rendering signal according to the internal parameter algorithm, and then calculate the physiological parameter of the respiratory rate.

In detail, the parameter algorithm first uses the autoregressive model algorithm to obtain the extremum coefficient of at least one autoregressive polynomial, and then finds the respiratory frequency range according to the autoregressive polynomial extremum coefficient to draw the autoregressive energy. Spectrogram. Finally, find the frequency corresponding to its maximum value and use the following formula (4) to calculate the physiological parameters of the respiration rate analysis.

Respiratory rate (BPM) = respiratory rate (Hz) * 60 seconds (4)

In summary, the imaging diode-based arteriosclerosis measuring device disclosed in the present invention uses a popular image sensing unit combined with an electric signal processing component to not only receive optical signals from different parts of the body at the same time. With the flexibility of measuring part selection, it can reduce the hardware cost, the burden of back-end software processing, and increase the quality and accuracy of its signal by setting the analog signal processor.

Furthermore, the present invention can analyze the light volume rendering signal by a data processing unit and its parameter algorithm, thereby obtaining physiological parameters of respiratory rate, pulse rate, vascular sclerosis index, reflection index and pulse wave conduction rate, As a medical assessment of the degree of arteriosclerosis and An effective indicator of the message.

The embodiments described above are only for explaining the technical idea and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them according to the scope of the patent. That is, the equivalent changes or modifications made by the people in accordance with the spirit revealed by this creation should still be covered by the scope of the patent of this creation.

10, 10' ‧ ‧ site organization

102, 102'‧‧‧Light-emitting diodes

104, 104'‧‧‧Light receiving diode

106‧‧‧ Length measuring unit

108, 108'‧‧‧ analog signal processor

110, 110’‧‧‧Lighting unit

112‧‧‧Image sensing unit

114‧‧‧Image Analysis Unit

200‧‧‧ Data Processing Unit

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a measuring device for image-based diode arteriosclerosis according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of the method for measuring the arteriosclerosis of the image-based diode according to the present embodiment.

The third to fourth figures are waveform timing charts of the light volume rendering signals reflected by the tip of the index finger and the earlobe according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a measuring device for imagery diode atherosclerosis according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a flow chart showing the parameter algorithm of the data processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the light volume rendering signal and its feature extraction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10, 10' ‧ ‧ site organization

102, 102'‧‧‧Light-emitting diodes

104, 104'‧‧‧Light receiving diode

106‧‧‧ Length measuring unit

108, 108'‧‧‧ analog signal processor

110, 110’‧‧‧Lighting unit

112‧‧‧Image sensing unit

114‧‧‧Image Analysis Unit

Claims (13)

An imaging diode device for measuring arteriosclerosis, comprising: at least two light emitting diodes, irradiating two parts of the tissue; a length measuring unit, measuring the distance between the two parts of the tissue; at least two light receiving a diode, correspondingly disposed in the two parts of the tissue, and each receiving the optical signal reflected by each part of the tissue and converting it into a signal; at least two analog signal processors are electrically connected to the two light receiving two a body, each of which receives and processes an electrical signal output by each of the light receiving diodes; at least two light emitting units are electrically connected to the two analog signal processors, wherein each of the electrical signals drives each of the The light-emitting unit emits different light and dark signals; an image sensing unit is electrically connected to the two light-emitting units, and the image sensing unit converts the light and dark signals emitted by the two light-emitting units into an image signal; and an image The analyzing unit is electrically connected to the image sensing unit, and the image analyzing unit analyzes the image signal to obtain a two-light volume drawing signal of the two parts, and according to the two parts The distance between the two knitting drawing signal light volume, between the calculated pulse wave of the two parts of the tissue conduction velocity. The image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the image analyzing unit extracts a pulse wave transit time according to the two-light volume drawing signal, and the pulse wave conduction rate is The distance between at least two sites is divided by the pulse transit time. The imaging diode-based arteriosclerosis measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitted by the light-emitting diodes is a multi-wavelength or single-wavelength light. The image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device of claim 1, wherein the light-receiving dipole system can receive light of a multi-wavelength or a single wavelength and convert it into an electrical signal. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device of claim 1, wherein the analog signal processor receives the electrical signals and filters the electrical signals. Processing steps such as amplification and boosting. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the light and dark signals emitted by the light emitting units are light of a plurality of wavelengths or a single wavelength. The imaging diode-based arteriosclerosis measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting units are light-emitting diode illumination lamps or incandescent lamps. The image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the image sensing unit is a digital type photographic device having an image sensing element such as a charge coupled device or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor. The image-based diode arteriosclerosis measuring device of claim 1, further comprising a data processing unit electrically connected to the image analyzing unit and responsive to a parameter algorithm The volumetric depiction signal is analyzed to obtain physiological parameters of respiratory rate, pulse rate, vascular sclerosis index, vascular reflex index, and pulse wave conduction rate. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the data processing unit is a computer, a personal digital assistant, or a mobile phone. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the blood vessel hardening index is a height of the subject divided by a delay time between a reflected peak of the light volume drawing signal and a main peak. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the blood vessel reflection index is a height of a reflection peak of the light volume rendering signal divided by a height of a main peak, expressed as a percentage. The imaging diode atherosclerosis measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the respiratory rate is a respiratory rate of the subject multiplied by sixty seconds.