TWM448591U - Energy-saving faucet - Google Patents

Energy-saving faucet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWM448591U
TWM448591U TW101212966U TW101212966U TWM448591U TW M448591 U TWM448591 U TW M448591U TW 101212966 U TW101212966 U TW 101212966U TW 101212966 U TW101212966 U TW 101212966U TW M448591 U TWM448591 U TW M448591U
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
chamber
energy
electric heating
water
saving faucet
Prior art date
Application number
TW101212966U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Chun-Chih Lin
Original Assignee
Univ Nanhua
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Nanhua filed Critical Univ Nanhua
Priority to TW101212966U priority Critical patent/TWM448591U/en
Publication of TWM448591U publication Critical patent/TWM448591U/en

Links

Abstract

This design is an energy-saving faucet, which embeds an electrothermal device inside the faucet to heat the tap water. When using, one can adjust the switch to control discharge volume as well as to heat the water directly and rapidly by an electrothermal device. This can replace traditional design with a distant geyser and a hot-water reservoir to save energy wasting on warm-keeping and channeling of hot water. Moreover, since the heating of water requires no gas, one can avoid the danger of gas leakage or incomplete combustion, so that the safety is greatly increased.

Description

節能水龍頭Energy saving faucet

本創作提供一種水龍頭結構,尤其是指在水龍頭的入水管裝設有加熱元件,能直接以水龍頭將水加熱者。The present invention provides a faucet structure, in particular, a heating element is installed in the water inlet pipe of the faucet, and the water can be directly heated by the faucet.

一般家庭裡用的水龍頭如第1圖所示,該水龍頭10具有一冷水輸送管11及一熱水輸送管12,該冷水輸送管11與一自來水源13相連通,該熱水輸送管12經由一加熱儲水器14與該自來水源13相連通,該加熱儲水器14係將流入的自來水預熱後先儲存於內部,於使用時再輸出熱水供使用者使用。As shown in Fig. 1, the faucet 10 has a cold water delivery pipe 11 and a hot water delivery pipe 12, and the cold water delivery pipe 11 communicates with a tap water source 13 through which the hot water delivery pipe 12 is connected. A heating water reservoir 14 is in communication with the tap water source 13. The heating water reservoir 14 pre-heats the inflow tap water and stores it in the interior, and then outputs hot water for use by the user when in use.

值得注意的是,該加熱儲水器14為了能讓使用者隨時都有熱水可以使用,必須長時間地對儲存於內部的熱水持續加熱,以確保水溫在適當範圍內;另外,由於該加熱儲水器14與水龍頭10之間係以一定距離的熱水輸送管12相連接,原本已加熱完成的熱水在流經該熱水輸送管12時,會自然地冷卻,等到使用時,溫度又比儲存時低了不少,綜上所述,習知的水龍頭10明顯地有浪費能源的問題。It is worth noting that in order to allow the user to have hot water at any time, the heating water storage device 14 must continuously heat the hot water stored inside for a long time to ensure that the water temperature is within an appropriate range; The heating water storage device 14 and the faucet 10 are connected by a hot water delivery pipe 12 at a certain distance, and the hot water that has been completely heated is naturally cooled when flowing through the hot water delivery pipe 12, and is used until use. The temperature is much lower than that during storage. In summary, the conventional faucet 10 obviously has the problem of wasting energy.

除此之外,習用的熱水器,大多是使用瓦斯來做為燃料加熱,但眾所周知的是,瓦斯若燃燒不完全時,會產生一氧化碳,且當一氧化碳被吸入後,輕者頭暈、噁心、嘔吐、全身無力;嚴重時更會產生意識不清、休克,甚至死亡,對使用者的人身安全造成極大危害。In addition, most of the conventional water heaters use gas as fuel for heating, but it is well known that if the gas is not completely burned, it will produce carbon monoxide, and when carbon monoxide is inhaled, it will be dizzy, nausea, vomiting, The whole body is weak; in severe cases, it may cause confusion, shock, and even death, which is extremely harmful to the user's personal safety.

有鑑於此,本創作人潛心構思並更深入研究,希望能創作出一種能提供更為節能,且安全性佳的水龍頭結構。In view of this, the author has conceived and studied more deeply, hoping to create a faucet structure that provides more energy saving and safety.

本創作為一種節能水龍頭,其主要目的是提供一種不以瓦斯做為加熱的燃料,提高使用上的安全性、並且藉由改變電熱元件的裝設位置,讓使用者在使用熱水時,能夠減少將能源浪費在預熱、保溫及運送熱水上。The present invention is an energy-saving faucet whose main purpose is to provide a fuel that is not heated by gas, improve the safety of use, and by changing the installation position of the electric heating element, enables the user to use hot water. Reduce energy wasted on preheating, holding and transporting hot water.

為達前述目的,本創作提供一種節能水龍頭,係以市電做為電力源,包含:本體,包括一入水管、一出水管及一腔室,該入水管以及該出水管均與該腔室相連通,而該腔室則開設一穿孔;一電熱元件,係容設於該腔室內,該電熱元件一端為一電加熱部,另一端為一接電端;一控制裝置,裝設於該本體上,該控制裝置透過一調控線路及一可變電阻與該電熱元件電性連接;以及一供電組,穿設於該本體的穿孔上,並以一止水件套設於該穿孔處,該供電組位於該本體外的一端為一電源輸入部,而位於該本體內的一端則與該電熱元件的接電端連接。In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides an energy-saving faucet, which uses utility power as a power source, and includes: a body including an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a chamber, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected to the chamber. And a cavity is formed in the chamber; an electric heating element is disposed in the chamber, the electric heating element has an electric heating part at one end and a receiving end of the electric heating element; and a control device is mounted on the body The control device is electrically connected to the electric heating element through a regulating circuit and a variable resistor; and a power supply group is disposed on the through hole of the body and is sleeved at the through hole by a water stopping member, One end of the power supply group at the outside of the body is a power input portion, and one end of the power supply body is connected to the power receiving end of the electric heating element.

藉由以電熱元件來加熱自來水,取代燃燒瓦斯,本創作大幅提高了使用上的安全性;本創作並直接將電熱元件安裝於水龍頭本體的腔室內,使用時能立即於腔室內加熱自來水,避免將能源浪費在儲存熱水時的預熱、保溫以及運送熱水的過程上,達到節能的目的。By heating the tap water with the electric heating element instead of burning the gas, the creation greatly improves the safety of use; the creation directly installs the electric heating element in the chamber of the faucet body, and can immediately heat the tap water in the chamber when using, avoiding Energy is wasted in the process of preheating, heat preservation and transporting hot water when storing hot water to achieve energy saving.

有關本創作為達成上述目的,所採用之技術、手段及其他之 功效,茲舉一較佳可行實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如后。The techniques, means and other techniques used in this creation to achieve the above objectives Efficacy, a preferred embodiment is described in detail with reference to the drawings.

為使 貴審查委員對本創作之目的、特徵及功效能夠有更進一步之瞭解與認識,以下茲請配合【圖式簡單說明】詳述如后:本創作節能水龍頭的較佳實施例如第2圖至第4圖所示,本創作的水龍頭以市電做為電力源,包含,一本體20、一電熱元件30、一控制裝置40以及一供電組50,其中:該本體20,包括一冷入水管21、一熱入水管22、一出水管23、一腔室24及一磁性件25,該冷入水管21、該熱入水管22以及該出水管23均與該腔室24相連通,使自來水從該冷入水管21及該熱入水管22流入後,經由該腔室24而往該出水管23流出,該腔室24則開設一穿孔241,該磁性件25則裝設於該熱入水管22與該腔體24之間;該電熱元件30,係容設於該腔室24內,該電熱元件30一端為一電加熱部31,另一端為一接電端32,該電加熱部31係為鹵素加熱器,或為加熱材料,例如:鎳鉻絲,所繞成的線圈結構,並環設於該腔室24內部;該控制裝置40,可扳動且可旋轉地裝設於該本體20的頂部,該控制裝置40透過一調控線路42及一可變電阻41與該電熱元件30電性連接,該調控線路42係固設於該控制裝置40內,該可變電阻41係固設於該本體頂部,藉此,使用者能藉由扳動及旋轉該控制裝置40而調控水流的大小及溫度;以及 該供電組50,穿設於該本體20的穿孔241上,並以一止水件51套設於該穿孔241處,該止水件51為一矽膠製的環狀結構,藉以防止水由穿孔流出及流入,該供電組50位於該本體外的一端為一電源輸入部52,而位於該本體20內的一端則與該電熱元件30的接電端32連接。In order to enable your review committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the purpose, characteristics and efficacy of this creation, please refer to the following [Simplified Description of the Drawings] for details: The preferred implementation of this creative energy-saving faucet is shown in Figure 2 to As shown in FIG. 4, the faucet of the present invention uses a commercial power source as a power source, and includes a body 20, an electric heating element 30, a control device 40, and a power supply group 50, wherein the body 20 includes a cold water inlet pipe 21 a hot water inlet pipe 22, a water outlet pipe 23, a chamber 24 and a magnetic member 25. The cold water inlet pipe 21, the hot water inlet pipe 22 and the outlet pipe 23 are connected to the chamber 24 to make tap water from After the cold water inlet pipe 21 and the hot water inlet pipe 22 flow in, the water outlet pipe 23 flows out through the chamber 24, and the cavity 24 defines a through hole 241, and the magnetic member 25 is installed in the hot water inlet pipe 22. The electric heating element 30 is disposed in the chamber 24, and one end of the electric heating element 30 is an electric heating part 31, and the other end is a power receiving end 32, and the electric heating part 31 is a halogen heater, or a heating material, such as a nickel-chromium wire, a wound wire The control device 40 is rotatably and rotatably mounted on the top of the body 20. The control device 40 transmits a control circuit 42 and a variable resistor 41. The heating element 30 is electrically connected to the control device 40. The variable resistor 41 is fixed on the top of the body, whereby the user can pull and rotate the control device 40. And regulate the size and temperature of the water flow; The power supply unit 50 is disposed on the through hole 241 of the body 20 and is sleeved at the through hole 241 by a water stopping member 51. The water stopping member 51 is a rubber ring structure to prevent water from being perforated. The power supply unit 50 is located at one end of the body of the power supply unit, and the one end of the power supply unit 50 is connected to the power receiving end 32 of the electric heating element 30.

以上所述為本創作實施例主要構件及其組態說明。The above is the main components of the creation embodiment and its configuration description.

至於本創作實施例的使用方式及功效,請參閱第3圖及第4圖配合第2圖所示,本創作於實際使用時,使用者係透過該控制裝置40來同時控制水量大小及加熱的溫度,當往上扳動該控制裝置40時,如同一般常見之水龍頭,流出的水量變大,反之,當向下扳動該控制裝置40時,則水流量減小;而當該控制裝置往上扳動,並向熱水端旋轉時,該調控線路42會接觸到該可變電阻41,並降低該可變電阻的電阻值,使通過該電加熱部31的電流增加,藉此該電加熱部31對該腔室24內的自來水迅速加熱,使流出的水溫升高,因可直接於水龍頭內加熱,而達到無需預熱、無需保溫,亦無管路熱耗損的節能目的;上述可變電阻41與調控線路42可增設防水裝置以避免外部水滴噴濺或水氣進入導致短路。For the use and function of the present embodiment, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 together with FIG. 2, in the actual use, the user controls the amount of water and the heating through the control device 40 at the same time. Temperature, when the control device 40 is pulled up, as the common faucet, the amount of water flowing out becomes larger, and conversely, when the control device 40 is pulled downward, the water flow rate is decreased; When the upper portion is rotated and rotated toward the hot water end, the regulating circuit 42 contacts the variable resistor 41, and reduces the resistance value of the variable resistor to increase the current passing through the electric heating portion 31, whereby the electric current is increased. The heating unit 31 rapidly heats the tap water in the chamber 24 to increase the temperature of the outflow water, and can be directly heated in the faucet to achieve the energy-saving purpose of no preheating, no heat preservation, and no heat loss of the pipeline; The variable resistor 41 and the regulating circuit 42 may be provided with a waterproof device to prevent external water droplets from splashing or water vapor from entering the short circuit.

值得一提的是,請復參閱第2圖所示,一般自來水中都含有少量的鈣離子、鎂離子、碳酸氫根及碳酸根離子,若自來水中的含氧量不足,則鈣離子及鎂離子在水中的溶解度就會降低,而與碳酸根離子形成水垢,尤其當水溫較高時,水的含氧量更加降低,造成水垢的逐漸堆積,雖然水垢對人體並無危害,但水垢會沉積 於加熱元件表面,導致其導熱性變差,因此使能量的消耗大大增加;本案創作人有鑑於此,特別在該熱入水管22與該腔體24之間,裝設一磁性件25,藉由該磁性件25避免自來水中之陰陽離子形成沉澱,減少水垢的產生。It is worth mentioning that, please refer to Figure 2, generally, the tap water contains a small amount of calcium ions, magnesium ions, bicarbonate and carbonate ions. If the oxygen content in tap water is insufficient, calcium ions and magnesium The solubility of ions in water is reduced, and scale is formed with carbonate ions. Especially when the water temperature is high, the oxygen content of water is further reduced, causing the scale to gradually accumulate. Although the scale is not harmful to the human body, the scale will Deposition In the surface of the heating element, the thermal conductivity thereof is deteriorated, so that the energy consumption is greatly increased. In view of this, in particular, between the hot water inlet pipe 22 and the cavity 24, a magnetic member 25 is provided. The magnetic member 25 prevents precipitation of anions and cations in the tap water and reduces scale generation.

申請人特別說明的是,本創作能有多種不同的結構,例如請參閱第5圖所示,此為本創作的另一實施例,其中,該電加熱部31B貼設於腔室24B內部,可為雲母電熱片、矽膠加熱器或半導體加熱元件等快速加熱器,可於數秒內迅速升溫或降溫達100℃之溫差,達到迅速加熱之目的;而該磁性件25B則為一片狀或曲面狀之磁性物品,例如磁鐵或電磁鐵,並貼設於腔室24B內部或外部,藉此直接在水流通過同時對水進行磁化,能更有效地防止水垢的產生,確保本創作的使用效率及壽命。The applicant has specifically stated that the present invention can have a variety of different structures. For example, please refer to FIG. 5, which is another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the electric heating portion 31B is attached to the inside of the chamber 24B. It can be a quick heater such as a mica heater, a silicone heater or a semiconductor heating element, which can rapidly heat up or cool down to a temperature difference of 100 °C in a few seconds to achieve rapid heating; and the magnetic piece 25B is a piece or a curved surface. Magnetic articles, such as magnets or electromagnets, are attached to the inside or outside of the chamber 24B, thereby directly magnetizing the water while passing through the water, thereby more effectively preventing the generation of scale, ensuring the use efficiency of the creation and life.

由上述得知本創作確實符合「具有產業可利用性」、「新穎性」、「進步性」,爰依法提出新型專利申請,祈請惠予審查並早日賜准專利,實感德便。It is known from the above that this creation is indeed in line with "industry availability", "novelty" and "progressiveness". It proposes a new type of patent application according to law, and prays for review and early grant of patents.

《習知技術》"Knowledge Technology"

10‧‧‧水龍頭10‧‧‧Water tap

11‧‧‧冷水輸送管11‧‧‧ cold water delivery pipe

12‧‧‧熱水輸送管12‧‧‧ hot water pipe

13‧‧‧自來水源13‧‧‧Water source

14‧‧‧加熱儲水器14‧‧‧heating water storage

《本創作》"This Creation"

20‧‧‧本體20‧‧‧ body

21‧‧‧冷入水管21‧‧‧ cold water inlet

22‧‧‧熱入水管22‧‧‧Hot water inlet pipe

23‧‧‧出水管23‧‧‧Outlet

24、24B‧‧‧腔室24, 24B‧‧ ‧ chamber

241‧‧‧穿孔241‧‧‧Perforation

25、25B‧‧‧磁性件25, 25B‧‧‧ magnetic parts

30‧‧‧電熱元件30‧‧‧Electrical components

31、31B‧‧‧電加熱部31, 31B‧‧‧Electric heating department

32‧‧‧接電端32‧‧‧Power terminal

40‧‧‧控制裝置40‧‧‧Control device

41‧‧‧可變電阻41‧‧‧Variable resistor

42‧‧‧調控線路42‧‧‧Control lines

50‧‧‧供電組50‧‧‧Power supply group

51‧‧‧止水件51‧‧‧Water stop

52‧‧‧電源輸入部52‧‧‧Power input section

第1圖 為習用之水龍頭結構示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional faucet.

第2圖 為本創作實施例之局部透視圖。Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the present embodiment.

第3圖 為本創作實施例的使用狀態參考圖。Fig. 3 is a reference view of the use state of the present embodiment.

第4圖 為本創作實施例的電路圖。Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the present embodiment.

第5圖 為本創作另一實施例的局部透視圖。Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.

20‧‧‧本體20‧‧‧ body

22‧‧‧熱入水管22‧‧‧Hot water inlet pipe

23‧‧‧出水管23‧‧‧Outlet

24‧‧‧腔室24‧‧‧ chamber

241‧‧‧穿孔241‧‧‧Perforation

25‧‧‧磁性件25‧‧‧Magnetic parts

30‧‧‧電熱元件30‧‧‧Electrical components

31‧‧‧電加熱部31‧‧‧Electric heating department

32‧‧‧接電端32‧‧‧Power terminal

40‧‧‧控制裝置40‧‧‧Control device

41‧‧‧可變電阻41‧‧‧Variable resistor

42‧‧‧調控線路42‧‧‧Control lines

50‧‧‧供電組50‧‧‧Power supply group

51‧‧‧止水件51‧‧‧Water stop

52‧‧‧電源輸入部52‧‧‧Power input section

Claims (10)

一種節能水龍頭,係以市電做為電力源,包含:本體,包括一入水管、一出水管及一腔室,該入水管以及該出水管均與該腔室相連通,而該腔室則開設一穿孔;一電熱元件,係容設於該腔室內,該電熱元件一端為一電加熱部,另一端為一接電端;一控制裝置,裝設於該本體上,該控制裝置透過一調控線路及一可變電阻與該電熱元件電性連接;以及一供電組,穿設於該本體的穿孔上,並於該穿孔處設一止水件,該供電組位於該本體外的一端為一電源輸入部,而位於該本體內的一端則與該電熱元件的接電端連接。 An energy-saving faucet is a utility power source, comprising: a body, comprising a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a chamber, wherein the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the chamber, and the chamber is opened. a perforation; an electric heating element is disposed in the chamber, one end of the electric heating element is an electric heating part, and the other end is an electric connection end; a control device is mounted on the body, and the control device transmits through a regulation a circuit and a variable resistor are electrically connected to the electric heating element; and a power supply group is disposed on the through hole of the body, and a water stopping member is disposed at the through hole, and the power supply group is located at one end of the external body The power input portion is connected to the power receiving end of the electric heating element at one end of the body. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該入水管為一冷入水管及一熱入水管所構成。 The energy-saving faucet of claim 1, wherein the water inlet pipe is a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water inlet pipe. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該電加熱部係為鎳鉻絲所繞成的線圈結構,並環設於該腔室內部。 The energy-saving faucet according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating portion is a coil structure surrounded by a nickel-chromium wire, and is disposed inside the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該電加熱部係為鹵素加熱器,並環設於該腔室內部。 The energy-saving faucet according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating unit is a halogen heater and is disposed inside the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該電加熱部係為雲母電熱片,並貼設於該腔室內部。 The energy-saving faucet according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating unit is a mica heating sheet and is attached to the inside of the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該電加熱部係為矽膠加熱器,並貼設於該腔室內部。 The energy-saving faucet according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating unit is a silicone heater and is attached to the inside of the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該電加熱 部係為半導體加熱元件,並貼設於該腔室內部。 An energy-saving faucet according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating The part is a semiconductor heating element and is attached to the inside of the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該止水件為一矽膠製的環狀結構,該止水件係套設於該穿孔處,藉以防止水由穿孔流出及流入。 The energy-saving faucet of claim 1, wherein the water stop member is a ring-shaped annular structure, and the water stop member is sleeved at the perforation to prevent water from flowing out and flowing through the perforations. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該本體更增設有一磁性件,該磁性件係裝設於該熱入水管及該腔室之間。 The energy-saving faucet of claim 2, wherein the body is further provided with a magnetic member, and the magnetic member is disposed between the heat inlet pipe and the chamber. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之節能水龍頭,其中,該本體更增設有一磁性件,該磁性件係貼設於該腔室內部。 The energy-saving faucet of claim 1, wherein the body is further provided with a magnetic member attached to the inside of the chamber.
TW101212966U 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Energy-saving faucet TWM448591U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW101212966U TWM448591U (en) 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Energy-saving faucet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW101212966U TWM448591U (en) 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Energy-saving faucet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
TWM448591U true TWM448591U (en) 2013-03-11

Family

ID=48472084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW101212966U TWM448591U (en) 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Energy-saving faucet

Country Status (1)

Country Link
TW (1) TWM448591U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103791150A (en) * 2014-02-10 2014-05-14 王萍 Medical disinfection automatic temperature control electric heating faucet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103791150A (en) * 2014-02-10 2014-05-14 王萍 Medical disinfection automatic temperature control electric heating faucet

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
MY191440A (en) An aerosol-generating system comprising a cartridge with an internal air flow passage
CN109000377B (en) Constant-temperature gas water heater and constant-temperature control method of gas water heater
CN202350324U (en) Quick water heater
TWM448591U (en) Energy-saving faucet
WO2019042367A1 (en) Relay-heating type water heater
CN202365411U (en) Anti-fog glass mirror blending electric heating and hot water heating
CN204757339U (en) Device has bathroom to intake temperature sensor's gas to adopt warm water stove
CN204593892U (en) Fast heating type solar water heater
CN102497683A (en) Adjustable immersion heater
TWM520775U (en) Quartz heating tube
CN205655475U (en) Family health care hot spring
TWI558958B (en) Energy-saving instantaneous hot water supply
CN205758339U (en) Portable simple i.e. water heater
CN216693986U (en) Quick heating postposition heat-preserving gas water heater
US7123824B2 (en) System and method for generating steam for a steam bath
CN109855292B (en) Intelligent energy-saving electromagnetic boiler
JP2009279363A (en) Warm moxibustion unit having ptc far-infrared flat heater element
CN208846720U (en) Electromagnetic heating electric water heater
JP3145156U (en) Fluidic continuous heating device
JP3213204U (en) Gas temperature control device
CN107300253B (en) Constant temperature gas water heater
TWM469462U (en) Heating tube structure of instant heating water heater
CN205534557U (en) Hot tap is switched to intelligence
TWM474119U (en) Heating device for drinking fountain
TWI568980B (en) Quartz hearting tube

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MM4K Annulment or lapse of a utility model due to non-payment of fees