M413120 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本創作係關於一種水質量測設備，特別是指一種兼具 檢測化學需氧量（chemical oxygen demand, COD)及懸浮 固體物（suspended solid, SS)之量測設備。 【先前技術】 放流口水質良窥為當前廢（污）水處理廢或系統關鍵性 s義題之一，尤其監測放流口水質化學需氧量（chemjca| oxygen demand，COD)及懸浮固體物（suspended s〇 丨 jd, ss) 為判斷污水處理廠操作穩定之最有效之方式。目前一般工 業區污水處理廠僅在進、放流口與各處理單元中，除了水 里、pH、導電度计以及曝氣單元才有的溶氧值監測以外， 其它的水質資訊如放流水標準中的項目_c〇D及ss等， 則疋需要每天及定期以人工採樣後再送至水質檢驗室分 析不僅耗費人力、物力及時間，亦無法立即針對系統狀 況做出即時反應’且所能即時掌握的系統運作資訊相當有 限’無法即時掌握水質變化，進而採取有效因應措施。 現今水質量測設備種類繁多，依各個處理單元之需求 有不同設置的量測設備，也依不同環境所需設置的量測設 備亦不盡相同。於水質量浪丨母I 士 厂負里利〇又備方面，其量測原理多為電 極法、電化學法、加藥反麻沐望 …力樂反應法專’然而受限於技術與成本 等問’造成操作維護與建置成 θ Μ成本較向’大部分也只侷限 於早一 I測項目，於實廠應用性並不高。 3 M413120M413120 V. New description: [New technical field] This creation is about a water quality measuring equipment, especially one that has both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids (suspended solid, SS). ) Measuring equipment. [Prior Art] The water quality of the discharge port is one of the key issues of the current waste (sewage) water treatment waste or system, especially the chemical oxygen demand (chemjca|oxygen demand, COD) and suspended solids of the discharge outlet ( Suspended s〇丨jd, ss) The most effective way to determine the stability of a sewage treatment plant. At present, the general industrial zone sewage treatment plant only in the inlet, discharge and treatment units, in addition to the dissolved oxygen value monitoring in the water, pH, conductivity meter and aeration unit, other water quality information such as the discharge water standard The projects _c〇D and ss, etc., need to be manually and dailyly sent to the water quality inspection room for analysis, which not only consumes manpower, material resources and time, but also can not immediately respond to the system condition immediately. The system operation information is quite limited. It is impossible to grasp the water quality changes in an instant and take effective measures. Today, there are many types of water quality measuring equipment. Depending on the needs of each processing unit, there are different types of measuring equipment, and the measuring equipments required for different environments are also different. In the water quality of the wave of the mother of the I plant, Li Lizhen and preparation, the measurement principle is mostly electrode method, electrochemical method, dosing anti-aesthesia... Lile reaction method special 'but limited by technology and cost Waiting for 'causing operation and maintenance and construction into θ Μ cost comparison' is mostly limited to the early one I test project, and the application in the factory is not high. 3 M413120
一般水質量測的項目包含水溫、pH、導電度、ORP、 生物需氧量（biological oxygen demand, BOD)、化學需氧 量（chemical oxygen demand, COD)、總有機碳（total organic carbon, TOC)、溶氧（dissolved oxygen, D〇）、濁 度（turbidity)與懸浮固體物（SUSpencjed solid, SS)等，其中 水溫、pH、導電度、orp都是以電化學的方式進行量測β D 0除了以傳統電化學的量測方式以外，近年來亦發展出以 冷光物質包覆感測器的技術，以及以紫外光吸收量測SAC 254 方式量測（Hach Company)。而 BOD、COD 與 SS 則依 照環檢所標準檢測方法分析，其分析時間過長，且耗費人 力。因此，能即時掌握動態水質變化，進而採取有效因應 措施，為目前水處理系統發展之重點之一。 水質自動監測之目的在於提供有效、即時及完整之水 質特性資訊，以做廢水自動控制及自動化之用。目前設置 於廢水處理薇之水f量測設備，從量測方法來看，大部分 多採接觸式進行量測’其設置惡劣環境易造成量測 測器損壞，量測品質不穩定，故維護方面Μ時清理或更 換感測裔’從量測方法來看’若設備需加藥方式量測，其 必需定期更換加藥物，對於量測後水樣必需進— ，、 不僅需額外維護及㈣f用且增 a ^ ^ ,. 兄工員何，從量測 :來看，大數監測設備僅有單一水質量測項目“ 多水質項目之量測；從監測功能、。 ^ 降' 利用電極景泡丨七 式外，-般量測設備都需反應及量測時間 广 量測之水質資訊，生本！^哲ώ〜 …、法即時提供 的 >貝頁风，失去水質自動監測之目 M413120 f新型内容】 有鑑於現有水質量測系统具有前述缺點，本創作之主 要目的係提供-種基於光學頻諸分析技術，達到可 測出—種以上水質量測項目，特別是針對水令的化學需氧 量仰D)及詩㈣（ss>提供量測，以即時提供水質分析结 果0General water quality testing projects include water temperature, pH, conductivity, ORP, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC). ), dissolved oxygen (D〇), turbidity and suspended solids (SS), in which water temperature, pH, conductivity, orp are measured electrochemically. In addition to the conventional electrochemical measurement method, D 0 has also developed a technique of coating a sensor with a luminescent material in recent years, and measuring it by an ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy SAC 254 method (Hach Company). BOD, COD and SS are analyzed according to the standard inspection method of the Environmental Inspection Institute. The analysis time is too long and laborious. Therefore, it is one of the key points in the development of current water treatment systems to be able to grasp the dynamic water quality changes in an instant and take effective measures. The purpose of automatic water quality monitoring is to provide effective, immediate and complete information on water quality characteristics for automatic wastewater control and automation. At present, it is installed in the wastewater treatment Weizhi water f measuring equipment. From the measurement method, most of the multi-contact contact type measurement 'the setting of harsh environment is easy to cause the measuring instrument to be damaged, the measurement quality is unstable, so maintenance When cleaning up or replacing sensory people, 'from the measurement method', if the equipment needs to be measured by dosing, it must be replaced regularly with drugs. For the water sample after the measurement, it is necessary to carry out additional maintenance and (4) f Use and increase a ^ ^,. Brother workers, from the measurement: point of view, large number of monitoring equipment only a single water quality test project "measurement of multi-water quality project; from monitoring function, ^ ^ ' using electrode bokeh bubble In addition to the seven-type, the general measurement equipment needs to reflect and measure the water quality information of the time measurement, the birth! ^哲ώ~ ..., the method provided by the law immediately] the sheet wind, the automatic monitoring of the water quality M413120 f new content] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing water quality measurement system, the main purpose of this creation is to provide a kind of water quality measurement project based on optical frequency analysis technology, especially for water quality. oxygen demand Yang D) and poetry (4) (ss> provide measurement to provide water quality analysis results immediately
為=前述㈣，本創作係提供—種可檢測化學需氧量 及懸净固體之水質量測設備，該設備包含有： -量測槽體，可供盛裝待測水樣，於其側壁上係開設 排放口、-水樣入口'一清洗水入口、一溢流口、一 光源輪入口及一光源輸出口； ，，光源裝置’係經由一輸入導光光纖連接至該量測槽 的光源輸人σ，光源褒置係輸出檢測光，該檢測光經由 _J入導光光纖導引進入至該量測槽體； & sf儀’係肖由—輸出導光光纖連接至量測槽體的 二、'、輸出 以接收通過待測水樣之檢測光而輸出一光譜 控制及力析主機，連接該光譜儀之輸出端並接收該 ->!·* ^ 一产.丨 〜3 S訊’在該控制及分析主機内部預建有比對用的光譜 貪料庫及一.'Β,| θ 資； "量分析程序’該控制及分析主機根據該光譜 智料庫及測1分析程序對接收到的光譜資訊進行分析，計 出待測水樣中的化學需氧量及懸浮固體； 數位輪出控制模組，係設置在該控制及分析主機及 $則；,¾¾ . 令 ' ^間’接收該控制及分析主機發出之控制指 t W 1¾彳夺 '測水樣或清水注入至該量測槽體或從該量測 5 M413120 槽體排出。 該控制及分析主機係輸出控制指令至數位輸出控制模 組，令數位輸出控制模組控制注入至量測槽體的待測水樣 或清洗水水量多寡’當光源裝置所產生之檢測光通過量測 槽體内部之待測水樣而由光譜儀接收後，光譜儀據此輸出 光譜資訊並傳回給控制及分析主機，使控制及分析主機根 據光譜資訊迅速分析出待測水樣中之化學需氧量（c〇D)及 懸浮固體（SS)。 【實施方式】 請參考圖1 ’為本創作可檢測化學需氧量及懸浮固體之 水質量測設備’包含有一量測槽體1 〇、一光源裝置2 〇、一 光譜儀30、一控制及分析主機4〇及一數位輸出控制模組 50 〇 量測槽體1 0係作為待檢測水樣之盛裝容器，於其側壁 上係開設有一排放口 1彳、一水樣入口彳2、一清洗水入口 1 3、一溢流口 14、一光源輸入口 1 5及一光源輸出口 1 6， 其排放口 11可較佳地設在接近量測槽體1 〇底部的側壁並 與一排放管對接，位於量測槽體1〇内部的液體可經由該排 放口 11對外排出；該水樣入口彳2及清洗水入口 1 3則是與 ΐ測槽體1 0的上方開口連通，溢流口彳4則是設在接近量 測槽體1 0上方開口的側壁，其中水樣入口彳2作為待檢測 水樣之注入口，清洗水入口 1 3作為清洗量測槽體1 〇時所 用之乾淨清水的注入口，當位於量測槽體彳〇内部的液體量 過多而達到一預設高度時，可經由該溢流口 1 4向外排出， M413120 令置測槽體1 〇内部維持適量的水樣或清水。 光源裝置20可提供所需波長的檢測光，例如近紅外 光、可見光或紫外光等，光源裝置2Q經由—輸人導光光纖 21連接至量測槽體彳〇，將該檢測光導引進入至量測槽體 10 ； a 光譜儀30係藉由一輸出導光光纖31連接至量測槽體 1〇，當檢測光通過待檢測水樣後，由於會有特定波長的光 被吸收或散射，該光譜儀30可測出改變後的光譜資訊，其 全波長掃瞄範圍涵蓋紫外光、可見光及近紅外光，較佳的 掃瞄範圍介於20〇nm〜i100nm。 控制及分析主機40連接該光譜儀30之輸出端，其包 含有一供使用者操作或資料顯示的觸控螢幕41，在該控制 及分析主機40内部預建有比對用的光譜資料庫及一測量分 析程序，該測量分析程序根據自光譜儀3〇接收的光譜資訊 而分析出待測水樣中的化學需氧量（c〇D)及懸浮固體 (SS) ’該測量分析程序將於後面再詳加介紹。在較佳實施 例中，該控制及分析主機40可為一嵌入式工業級電腦，負 責執行儀器控制及訊號讀取程式，由於不具作業系統，因此 開機相當迅速’其設備不受於工廠惡劣環境之影響。 數位輸出控制模組5 0連接在控制及分析主機4 〇及量 測槽體10之間，包含有一連接控制及分析主機4〇的 RS-232模組51、一 RS-485模組52、一數位輸入/輸出（D|〇) 模組53、複數個繼電器54a〜54c、一清水進流閥55、一水 樣進流閥56及一排水閥57。從控制及分析主機4〇輸出的 控制信號透過RS-232模組51及RS-485模組52轉換至數 7 M413120 位輸入/輸出（DIO)模組53，該數位輸入/輸出模組53可同 ㈣接多個繼電器53’達到擴充待控制對象之目的；控制 指令經由該數位輸入/輸出模組53控制各繼電器5铭〜5牝 的動作時序，而每一個繼電器54a〜54c係單獨與對應的清 水進流閥55、水樣進流閥56或排水閥57連接當各繼= 器54a〜54c接收開啟的控制信號後，其對應的閥門將會開 啟以執行入水或排水動作。 例如欲開始檢測廢水時，控制及分析主機4〇將輸出一 開啟指令至數位輸出控制模組5〇，經由Rs_232模組51及 RS-485模組52轉換至數位輸入/輸出（D丨〇)模組53，控制 繼電器54b開啟，令水樣進流閥56打開，廢水係從連接於 ®測槽體1 0上之水樣入口 1 2的管路注入至量測槽體彳〇内 部，待注入作業達一段預設時間後，控制及分析主機4〇再 輸出一關閉指令，使繼電器54b截止。注水所需的作業時 間係預設在該控制及分析主機40内部，根據時間的長短可 決定注水量的多寡。 當本次取樣的廢水測量作業完成後，控制及分析主機 40係輸出另一開啟指令至繼電器57c，控制排水閥57開啟 而使量測槽體1 0内部的廢水經由該排放口 11對外排出。 欲對新取樣的廢水進行分析之前’可控制繼電器54a開啟 該清水進流閥5 5 ’將清水自清洗水注入口 13灌注至量測样 體1 0内’再將該排水閥5 7打開’排出清洗過後的用水， 此清洗過程可視需求重複進行數次，最後才控制該水樣進 流閥5 6打開而再次注入新取樣的廢水。 由光源裝置2 G發出的檢測光通過量測槽體1 〇内部的 M413120 廢水後，光譜儀30即接收檢測光而轉換為光譜資料並傳輪 至控制及分析主機40，以進行c〇D及ss的量測作業。本 創作利用吸收光譜分析方法量測廢水中ss與C0D，其吸 收光譜可定性廢水成分與其濃度，主要原理為廢水中溶解 性物質以分子形態存在，特定波長的能量通過分子時會改 變鍵結電子的能階，光能量因此被吸收，光譜上即形成吸 收峰。因此不同物質的分子、原子和特定官能基或發色團 會造成吸收光譜差異，因此可利用光譜特定吸收波長來鑑 別有機物及其結構，達到定性廢水成分之目的。在實際量 測時，本創作首先量測出懸浮固體（ss)的數據後，先扣除 懸浮固體對整體吸光度的影響，再進行化學需氧量（c〇D) 的量測。 如圖3所示，為前述控制及分析主機所執行之測量 分析程序，首先利用光譜儀3〇產生光譜資料（S3〇1)，光頻 資料包括多筆數據，這些數據顯示水體的多個吸光度相對於 在波長分析範圍中光束的多個波長之關係。 接著’可在該控制及分析主機4〇内設定一吸光度分析 $巳圍（S302)，在本實施例中，吸光度分析範圍是由—吸光度 下限值至一吸光度上限值合併制定，介於兩者之間的數據才 會加以分析，反之則排除。 當吸光度分析範圍設定後，即選定落在吸光度分析範圍 中的數據（S303)，即刪除光頻資料中水體的吸光度落在吸光 度分析範圍外的數據，僅留下分析範圍内的數據。所留下的 待分析數據則供執行定性分析ss及C〇D(S4〇〇)、定量分析 SS(S500)、定量分析C〇D(S6〇〇)，此三道步驟分別詳述如 9 M413120 下： 請參考圖4，前述定性分析SS及COD(S400)之詳細流 程包含有： 比對該光頻資料與一光譜資料庫（S410)，其中該光譜資 料庫包含了懸浮固體濃度及化學需氧量所對應的特徵波長 疋在哪個波段的資訊，以及懸浮固體濃度及化學需氧量在其 所對應的各波長上之吸收係數，藉此推估可能的吸收成分； 選取一主要吸收峰的波長（S420)，水體具有多個吸收成 分’而光頻資料具有多個主要吸收峰，從當中先選取一主要 吸收峰的波長Λ !; 汁算一暫時推估濃度（S430)，係以主要吸收峰的波長入 1所對應的吸光度與此主要吸收峰所對應之吸收成分的一吸 收係數’計算出-暫時推估濃度。其中暫時推估濃度可為一 暫時推估化學f氧量濃度，或__暫時推估料㈣濃度。舉 例而。，此主要吸收峰的波長λ 1所對應的實際吸光度為 丨;1,而此主要吸收峰所對應之吸收成分在此波長λ ,的吸收 係數為Μλ +即吸收係數n目對波長變化的函數，則暫 時推估濃度Ct= |M/ e ; ,計算多個推估吸光度（S440)，由暫時推估濃度及此吸收 係數計算出對應於其他主要吸收學的波長之多個推估吸光 度。舉例而言，其他主要吸收峰的波長為λ2、λ3、...及又 η，則對應於這些主要吸收峰的波長之多個推估吸光度le2、 丨e3、·..及丨en可由下列式子算出：For the above (4), the creative department provides a water quality measuring device capable of detecting chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids. The device comprises: - a measuring tank for containing the water sample to be tested, on the side wall thereof The utility model relates to a discharge port, a water sample inlet, a cleaning water inlet, an overflow port, a light source wheel inlet and a light source output port. The light source device is connected to the light source of the measuring tank via an input light guiding fiber. Input σ, the light source is configured to output detection light, and the detection light is guided to the measurement tank via the _J into the light guiding optical fiber; & sf instrument is connected to the measuring slot by the output light guiding optical fiber The second, ', output to receive the detection light through the water sample to be tested and output a spectral control and force analysis host, connect the output of the spectrometer and receive the -> gt; In the control and analysis host, there is a spectral greed library and a '. The analysis program analyzes the received spectral information and calculates the chemistry in the water sample to be tested. Oxygen demand and suspended solids; digital wheel control module, which is set in the control and analysis host and $;; 3⁄43⁄4. Let '^' receive the control and analysis of the host's control finger t W 13⁄4 彳 ' A water sample or clean water is injected into the measuring tank or discharged from the measuring 5 M413120 tank. The control and analysis host outputs an output control command to the digital output control module, so that the digital output control module controls the amount of the water sample to be tested or the amount of the washing water injected into the measuring tank body' when the light source device generates the detected light throughput After receiving the water sample inside the tank body and receiving it by the spectrometer, the spectrometer outputs the spectral information and sends it back to the control and analysis host, so that the control and analysis host can quickly analyze the chemical oxygen demand in the water sample to be tested according to the spectral information. Amount (c〇D) and suspended solids (SS). [Embodiment] Please refer to Figure 1 'The water quality measuring equipment for detecting chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids for the creation' includes a measuring tank body 1 一, a light source device 2 〇, a spectrometer 30, a control and analysis The main body 4〇 and the digital output control module 50 are used as the container for the water sample to be tested, and a discharge port 1彳, a water sample inlet 2, and a washing water are arranged on the side wall thereof. The inlet 13 and the overflow port 14, a light source input port 15 and a light source output port 1 6 are preferably disposed at a side wall close to the bottom of the measuring tank 1 and connected to a discharge pipe. The liquid inside the measuring tank body 1 can be discharged to the outside through the discharge port 11; the water sample inlet port 2 and the washing water inlet port 13 are connected to the upper opening of the detecting tank body 10, and the overflow port 彳4 is a side wall which is disposed near the opening above the measuring tank body 10, wherein the water sample inlet port 2 serves as an injection port for the water sample to be tested, and the washing water inlet port 13 serves as a clean water for cleaning the measuring tank body 1 Injection port, when the amount of liquid inside the measuring tank When it reaches too much to reach a preset height, it can be discharged outward through the overflow port 14. The M413120 maintains an appropriate amount of water or water inside the tank body 1 . The light source device 20 can provide detection light of a desired wavelength, such as near-infrared light, visible light or ultraviolet light, etc., and the light source device 2Q is connected to the measuring tank body via the input light guiding optical fiber 21, and guides the detecting light into the light source device 2 To the measuring tank body 10; a spectrometer 30 is connected to the measuring tank body 1 by an output light guiding optical fiber 31, and when the detecting light passes through the water sample to be detected, since light of a specific wavelength is absorbed or scattered, The spectrometer 30 can measure the changed spectral information, and the full-wavelength scanning range covers ultraviolet light, visible light, and near-infrared light. The preferred scanning range is from 20 〇 nm to 100 nm. The control and analysis host 40 is connected to the output end of the spectrometer 30, and includes a touch screen 41 for user operation or data display, and a spectral database and a measurement for comparison are built in the control and analysis host 40. An analysis program that analyzes the chemical oxygen demand (c〇D) and suspended solids (SS) in the water sample to be tested based on the spectral information received from the spectrometer 3'. The measurement analysis procedure will be detailed later. Plus introduction. In a preferred embodiment, the control and analysis host 40 can be an embedded industrial grade computer that is responsible for executing instrument control and signal reading programs. Since it does not have an operating system, the booting is quite rapid 'the device is not subject to the harsh environment of the factory. The impact. The digital output control module 50 is connected between the control and analysis host 4 and the measuring tank 10, and includes an RS-232 module 51 connected to the control and analysis host 4, an RS-485 module 52, and a The digital input/output (D|〇) module 53, the plurality of relays 54a to 54c, a clear water inlet valve 55, a water inlet valve 56 and a drain valve 57. The control signal output from the control and analysis host 4〇 is converted to a number 7 M413120 bit input/output (DIO) module 53 through the RS-232 module 51 and the RS-485 module 52, and the digital input/output module 53 can be And (4) connecting a plurality of relays 53' to achieve the purpose of expanding the object to be controlled; the control command controls the operation timing of each relay 5 to 5牝 via the digital input/output module 53, and each of the relays 54a to 54c is individually and correspondingly The fresh water inlet valve 55, the water sample inlet valve 56 or the drain valve 57 are connected. When the respective controllers 54a to 54c receive the open control signal, the corresponding valves are opened to perform the water in or drain operation. For example, when the waste water is to be detected, the control and analysis host 4 outputs an open command to the digital output control module 5, and is converted to a digital input/output (D丨〇) via the Rs_232 module 51 and the RS-485 module 52. The module 53, the control relay 54b is opened, the water sample inlet valve 56 is opened, and the waste water is injected into the measuring tank body from the pipeline connected to the water sample inlet 12 of the metering tank 10, waiting for After the injection operation reaches a preset time, the control and analysis host 4 outputs a shutdown command to turn off the relay 54b. The working time required for water injection is preset inside the control and analysis host 40, and the amount of water injection can be determined according to the length of time. After the sampling of the wastewater measurement operation is completed, the control and analysis host 40 outputs another opening command to the relay 57c, and the control drain valve 57 is opened to discharge the waste water inside the measuring tank 10 to the outside through the discharge port 11. Before the analysis of the newly sampled wastewater, the controllable relay 54a opens the fresh water inlet valve 5 5 'Pour the clean water from the washing water injection port 13 into the measuring sample 10 and then open the drain valve 57. The washed water is discharged, and the cleaning process can be repeated several times as needed. Finally, the water sample inlet valve 56 is controlled to be opened to re-inject the newly sampled wastewater. After the detection light emitted by the light source device 2 G passes through the M413120 wastewater inside the measuring tank 1 , the spectrometer 30 receives the detection light and converts it into spectral data and transmits it to the control and analysis host 40 for c〇D and ss. Measurement work. This creation uses absorption spectroscopy to measure ss and COD in wastewater. The absorption spectrum can be used to determine the composition of wastewater and its concentration. The main principle is that dissolved substances in wastewater exist in molecular form. The energy of specific wavelength changes the bonding electrons when passing through the molecule. The energy level is thus absorbed, and an absorption peak is formed on the spectrum. Therefore, the molecules, atoms and specific functional groups or chromophores of different substances cause differences in absorption spectra, so the specific absorption wavelength of the spectrum can be used to identify the organic matter and its structure to achieve the purpose of qualitative wastewater components. In the actual measurement, the author first measured the data of suspended solids (ss), then deducted the effect of suspended solids on the overall absorbance, and then measured the chemical oxygen demand (c〇D). As shown in FIG. 3, for the measurement and analysis program executed by the control and analysis host, the spectrum data (S3〇1) is first generated by using the spectrometer 3,, and the optical frequency data includes a plurality of data, and the data shows that the plurality of absorbances of the water body are relatively The relationship of multiple wavelengths of the beam in the wavelength analysis range. Then, an absorbance analysis can be set in the control and analysis host 4 (S302). In the embodiment, the absorbance analysis range is determined by combining the absorbance lower limit value and the absorbance upper limit value. The data between the two will be analyzed, and vice versa. When the absorbance analysis range is set, the data falling within the absorbance analysis range is selected (S303), that is, the data in which the absorbance of the water in the optical frequency data falls outside the absorbance analysis range is deleted, leaving only the data within the analysis range. The remaining data to be analyzed is used to perform qualitative analysis ss and C〇D (S4〇〇), quantitative analysis SS (S500), quantitative analysis C〇D (S6〇〇), and the three steps are detailed as 9 respectively. M413120 Bottom: Please refer to Figure 4, the detailed process of qualitative analysis of SS and COD (S400) includes: comparing the optical frequency data with a spectral database (S410), wherein the spectral database contains suspended solids concentration and chemistry Information on which wavelength band the characteristic wavelength corresponding to the oxygen demand is, and the absorption coefficient of the suspended solid concentration and chemical oxygen demand at each wavelength corresponding thereto, thereby estimating the possible absorption component; selecting a main absorption peak The wavelength (S420), the water body has a plurality of absorption components' and the optical frequency data has a plurality of main absorption peaks, from which the wavelength of a main absorption peak is selected first; the juice is calculated as a temporary estimation concentration (S430), The absorbance corresponding to the wavelength of the main absorption peak is equal to the absorbance of the absorption component corresponding to the main absorption peak, and the concentration is temporarily estimated. The temporarily estimated concentration can be a temporary estimation of the chemical f oxygen concentration, or __ temporary estimation of the material (four) concentration. For example. The actual absorbance corresponding to the wavelength λ 1 of the main absorption peak is 丨; 1, and the absorption coefficient of the absorption peak corresponding to the main absorption peak is at this wavelength λ, and the absorption coefficient is Μλ +, that is, the absorption coefficient n is a function of wavelength change. Then, the concentration Ct=|M/e; is temporarily estimated, a plurality of estimated absorbances are calculated (S440), and a plurality of estimated absorbances corresponding to other main absorption wavelengths are calculated from the temporarily estimated concentration and the absorption coefficient. For example, the wavelengths of other main absorption peaks are λ2, λ3, ..., and η, and the multiple estimated absorbances le2, 丨e3, ..., and 对应en corresponding to the wavelengths of these main absorption peaks may be as follows Formula calculation:
Ie2 = Ct . ε ( Λ 2);Ie2 = Ct . ε ( Λ 2);
Ie3 = 〇t * ε ( λ 3) » 10 M413120 .··;及 len== ct_ ε (又n)，其中n為正整數。 計算實際與推估吸光度之差值（S45〇)，係將前述推估吸 光度減去對應於其之主要吸故峰在光頻資料中的實際吸光 度，以得到多個吸光度差值。舉例來說，在光頻資料中，對 應於;皮長λ 2 ' λ 3、···及λ n的實際吸光度分別為|r2、 ^、···及U，而各波長之吸光度差值I、D3、…及d 下列式子算出： π 〇2 = ie2 - ir2 ; D3= le3-丨「3 ; “·；以及 判斷吸光度差值是否皆大於零（S46〇)，若吸光度差值未 全大於零，則重複前述步驟S420至步驟S460將重複一或 多次二直到吸光度差值皆大於零之後才進行下—步驟；此 外’每次重新執行步驟S42〇時所選取的主要吸收峰的波長 皆不相同’在本實施例中’每次重複進行步驟S420時所選 取的主要吸收峰的波長為前次執行步驟s時㈣吸光度 差值中最小者所對應的波長’亦即為負的吸光度差值中絕對 值最大者所對應的波長； 以暫時推估濃度作為第一推估懸浮固體濃度或第一推 估化學需氧量（S47Q)，當吸光度差值_皆大於零時’即以 田時之暫時推估濃度，作為第—推估懸浮固體濃度或第一推 估化學需氧量。 請參考冑5，》前述定量分析％(咖〇)步驟之詳細流 11 M413120 程圖，係根據光頻資料及定性分析懸浮固體濃度的結果定 量分析懸浮固體濃度，包括下列步驟： 選取一懸浮固體波長分析範圍（S51〇)，在本實施例中， 所選取的懸浮固體波長分析範圍包括可見光的波長，例如是 從450奈米至500奈米； 選取一第一測試波長（S52〇)，係在該懸浮固體波長分析 範圍内選取一第一測試波長； 計算一暫時推估懸浮固體濃度（S53〇)，係利用第一測試 波長所對應的吸光度與第一測試波長所對應之吸收成分的 一第一吸收係數計算出一暫時推估懸浮固體濃度，在本實施 例中’步驟S530的計算方式類似前述步驟S430的計算方 式，換言之，第一攻-收係數亦為一波長的函數，而第一測試 波長所對應的吸光度除以第一吸收係數即為暫時推估懸浮 固體濃度； 計算多個第一推估吸光度（S540),由上一步驟所獲得的 暫時推估懸浮固體濃度及該第一吸收係數計算出除了第一 測試波長外之懸浮固體波長分析範圍所對應之多個第一推 估吸光度，在本實施例中，即為將在懸浮固體波長分析範圍 中除了第一測試波長以外的其他波長，分別乘以該第一吸收 係數’即可得到這些第一推估吸光度； 計算實際與推估吸光度之差值（S550)，將這些第一推估 吸光度分別減去相同波長下的實際吸光度，以得到多個第一 吸光度差值，換言之，即是將相同波長的第一推估吸光度與 光頻資料中的實際吸光度相減； 判斷第—吸光度差值是否皆大於零（S560)，若前述第一 12 吸光度差值未全部大於零，則步驟s52〇~s删將重複一或 多次’直到當時的第—吸光度皆大於零後才會進行下一步 驟:此外，每次進行步驟S52G時所選取的第—測試波長不 相同I本實&例中’每次重複進行步驟$㈣時所選取的 第測試波長為刖次進行步驟S55〇時該些第 中最小者所對應的波長，亦即 : 力丨馬負的第一吸光度差值中絕對 值最大者所對應的波長； ^暫時推估遭度作為—第二推估懸浮固體濃度 (S5q7〇)1步驟S53G重複進行多次，即以最後-次進行步 驟S530所得到的暫時推估縣 浮固體濃度。8^估一固體濃度作為該第二推估懸 請參閱圖6’爲翁定量分#咖(_反祥細流程 圖’包含有以下步驟： 選取—化學需氧量波長分析範圍（S61q)，在本實施例 尹，所選取的化學需氧量波長分析範圍包括紫外光的波長， 例如是從250奈米至300奈米； 反长 二第二推估懸浮固體濃度計算多修正後之吸光 ;之第—推估懸浮固體濃度 及八所對應的第一吸收係數，推算出 ^ ^ Η» Λ,. 异出其在化學需氧量波長分 推㈣光度’例如將第二推估懸浮固體 ==第吸收係數以得到第二推估吸光度，將 2資料中洛在化學需氧量波長分析範圍内的多個實際吸 光度對應減去這些第二推估吸光度 ” 谇枯丄 Μ件到多個修正後吸光 度，換g之，是將對應於相同波長 度與第二推估吸光度相減，·先頻資料中的實際吸光 13 M413120 在化學需氧量波長分析範圍内選取一第二測試波長 (S630)； ' 計算—暫時推估化學需氧量（S640)，係利用該第二測試 波長所對應的修正後吸光度與該第二測試波長所對應之吸 收成分的一第二吸收係數，計算出一暫時推估化學需氧量， 在本實施例中’步驟S640的計算方式類似步驟S430的計 算方式，換^之，第二吸收係數亦為一波長的函數，而該第 二測試波長所對應的修正後吸光度除以該第二吸收係數即 為暫時推估化學需氧量； 計算多個第三推估吸光度（S650)，利用該暫時推估化學 需氧量及該第二吸收係數，計算出除了第二測試波長以外的 化學需氧量波長分析範圍所對應之多個第三推估吸光度，在 本貫％例中，步驟S650的計算方式即為將在化學需氧量波 長分析範圍中除了第二測試波長以外的其他波長，均分別乘 以該第二吸收係數，即可得到該多個第三推估吸光度； s十算多個第一吸光度差值（S660)，將前述步驟得到的多 個第二推估吸光度分別減去所對應之修正後吸光度，以得到 多個第二吸光度差值，換言之，即是將對應於相同波長的第 三推估吸光度與修正後吸光度相減； 判斷該多個第二吸光度差值是否皆大於零（S67〇)，若第 一吸光度差值沒有全大於零，則步驟S63〇至步驟S67〇將 重複一或多次，直到這些第二吸光度差值皆大於零後，才會 進行下一步驟。此外，每次進行步驟S63〇時所選取的第二 測試波長不相同。在本實施例中，每次重複進行步驟S63〇 時所選取的第二測試波長為上次進行步驟S66〇時該些第二 14 M413120 以瞀Bf推估化學需 不―罹估化學 (S680)，若步驟S640重複進行多二欠，即以最後—& 驟S_所得到的暫時推估懸化學 ：：進行步 需氧量。 1料第-推估化學 . 請參考圖7 ’本創作之測量分析料可再進—步包含一 金吸光度誤差判斷程序，即圖3步驟S6〇〇結束後所執^吸 # 光度誤差判斷（S700)步驟，該步驟包含有： 計算多個總推估吸光度（S710)，即將步驟S3〇〇中所得 到的該些第-推估吸光度，與對應步驟S4〇〇中所得到的該 些第二推估吸光度相加；即將相同波長之第一推估吸光度與 第二推估吸光度相加，以得到多個總推估吸光度； 計算該些總推估吸光度與先學頻譜資料中對應的實際 吸光度之多個吸光度差值（S720)，例如將相同波長的總推估 - 吸光度減去光學頻譜資料中的實際吸光度，以得到多例明光 ®度差值； 判斷吸光度差值是否皆落在一誤差容限内（S73〇)，若為 否，則重新進行步驟S302 ;若為是，則完成本實施例之懸 浮固體濃度及化學需氧量的量測方法。當步驟S720中的吸 光度不全落在誤差容限内時’步驟S302至步驟S700可能 會重複進行一至多次，直到步驟S720中的吸光度差值皆落 在誤差容限内，才會完成量測。 本創作藉由前述儀器及測量分析程序，可針對SS及 COD提供迅速的量測，相較於目前既有的量測設備，本創 15 M413120 作至少具備以下優點：Ie3 = 〇t * ε ( λ 3) » 10 M413120 .··; and len== ct_ ε (also n), where n is a positive integer. Calculating the difference between the actual and estimated absorbance (S45〇), the estimated absorbance is subtracted from the actual absorbance corresponding to the main absorption peak in the optical frequency data to obtain a plurality of absorbance differences. For example, in the optical frequency data, the actual absorbances corresponding to the skin lengths λ 2 ' λ 3, . . . , and λ n are |r2, ^, . . . , and U, respectively, and the absorbance differences of the respective wavelengths. I, D3, ..., and d are calculated by the following equation: π 〇 2 = ie2 - ir2 ; D3 = le3-丨 "3 ; "·; and determine whether the absorbance difference is greater than zero (S46〇), if the absorbance difference is not If all is greater than zero, repeating the foregoing steps S420 to S460 will repeat one or more times until the absorbance difference is greater than zero before proceeding to the next step; in addition, 'the main absorption peak selected each time step S42 is re-executed The wavelengths are all different. In the present embodiment, the wavelength of the main absorption peak selected when step S420 is repeated is the time when the previous step s is performed. (4) The wavelength corresponding to the smallest of the difference in absorbance is also negative. The wavelength corresponding to the largest absolute value of the difference in absorbance; the temporarily estimated concentration as the first estimated suspended solids concentration or the first estimated chemical oxygen demand (S47Q), when the absorbance difference _ is greater than zero Temporarily estimate the concentration by Tian Shi, as the first The solid concentration of the first push or estimated COD. Please refer to 胄5, “The detailed flow analysis of the above-mentioned quantitative analysis (Curry) step 11 M413120 process chart, based on the optical frequency data and qualitative analysis of the suspended solids concentration results quantitative analysis of suspended solids concentration, including the following steps: Select a suspended solid The wavelength analysis range (S51〇), in this embodiment, the selected suspension solid wavelength analysis range includes the wavelength of visible light, for example, from 450 nm to 500 nm; and a first test wavelength (S52〇) is selected. Selecting a first test wavelength in the wavelength range of the suspended solids; calculating a temporary estimated suspended solids concentration (S53〇), using the absorbance corresponding to the first test wavelength and the absorption component corresponding to the first test wavelength The first absorption coefficient calculates a temporary estimated suspension solid concentration. In this embodiment, the calculation method of step S530 is similar to the calculation method of the foregoing step S430. In other words, the first attack-receiving coefficient is also a function of a wavelength, and the first The absorbance corresponding to a test wavelength is divided by the first absorption coefficient to temporarily estimate the suspended solids concentration; Degree (S540), calculating a plurality of first estimated absorbances corresponding to the suspended solids wavelength analysis range except the first test wavelength by the temporarily estimated suspended solid concentration obtained in the previous step and the first absorption coefficient, In this embodiment, the first estimated absorbance is obtained by multiplying the wavelengths other than the first test wavelength in the suspended solid wavelength analysis range by the first absorption coefficient respectively; calculating the actual and estimated absorbance The difference (S550), the first estimated absorbances are respectively subtracted from the actual absorbance at the same wavelength to obtain a plurality of first absorbance differences, in other words, the first estimated absorbance of the same wavelength and the optical frequency The actual absorbance in the data is subtracted; determining whether the first-absorbance difference is greater than zero (S560), if the first 12 absorbance difference is not all greater than zero, then step s52〇~s will be repeated one or more times until The first step is performed after the first absorbance of the time is greater than zero: in addition, the first test wavelength selected when performing step S52G is different. The first test wavelength selected when the step (4) is repeated is the wavelength corresponding to the smallest of the first steps when step S55 is performed, that is, the absolute value of the first absorbance difference of the negative force is the largest. The corresponding wavelength; ^ Temporary estimation of the degree of suffering as - the second estimated suspended solids concentration (S5q7 〇) 1 step S53G is repeated a plurality of times, that is, the temporary estimation of the floating solid concentration of the county obtained in step S530 . 8 ^ Estimate a solid concentration as the second estimated suspension. See Figure 6 for the Weng quantitative score #咖 (_反祥细 flowchart) contains the following steps: Select - chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis range (S61q), In the present embodiment, the selected chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis range includes the wavelength of the ultraviolet light, for example, from 250 nm to 300 nm; and the second longest estimated suspended solid concentration is calculated by the second longest. The first - to estimate the concentration of suspended solids and the corresponding first absorption coefficient of eight, to calculate ^ ^ Η» Λ,. The difference in the wavelength of chemical oxygen demand (four) luminosity 'for example, the second estimated suspended solid = = the first absorption coefficient to obtain the second estimated absorbance, and subtract the two estimated absorbances from the two actual absorbances in the range of the chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis in the data. The post-absorbance, for g, is to subtract the corresponding wave length from the second estimated absorbance. · The actual absorbance in the first-frequency data 13 M413120 Select a second test wavelength in the chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis range (S630 ); ' Calculation - temporary Estimating the chemical oxygen demand (S640), calculating a temporary estimated chemical oxygen demand by using the corrected absorbance corresponding to the second test wavelength and a second absorption coefficient of the absorption component corresponding to the second test wavelength In the present embodiment, the calculation manner of step S640 is similar to the calculation method of step S430. The second absorption coefficient is also a function of a wavelength, and the corrected absorbance corresponding to the second test wavelength is divided by the first The second absorption coefficient is a temporary estimation of chemical oxygen demand; a plurality of third estimated absorbances (S650) are calculated, and the temporary estimated chemical oxygen demand and the second absorption coefficient are used to calculate a second test wavelength. The plurality of third estimated absorbances corresponding to the chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis range. In the present example, the calculation method of step S650 is that the chemical oxygen demand wavelength analysis range is other than the second test wavelength. The wavelengths are respectively multiplied by the second absorption coefficient to obtain the plurality of third estimated absorbances; s calculate a plurality of first absorbance differences (S660), and the plurality of steps obtained by the foregoing steps are obtained. Secondly, the estimated absorbance is subtracted from the corresponding corrected absorbance to obtain a plurality of second absorbance differences, in other words, the third estimated absorbance corresponding to the same wavelength is subtracted from the corrected absorbance; Whether the second absorbance difference is greater than zero (S67〇), if the first absorbance difference is not all greater than zero, then step S63〇 to step S67〇 will be repeated one or more times until the second absorbance differences are greater than zero After that, the second test wavelength selected is different each time the step S63 is performed. In the embodiment, the second test wavelength selected when the step S63 is repeated each time is When the step S66 is performed last time, the second 14 M413120 estimates the chemical need to estimate the chemical (S680), and if the step S640 repeats the multiple two, the final -& S_ is obtained. Temporarily estimate the suspension chemistry:: Perform step oxygen demand. 1 material first-estimation chemistry. Please refer to Figure 7 'The measurement and analysis material of this creation can be further advanced step-by-step includes a gold absorbance error judgment program, that is, after the end of step S6 of Fig. 3, the luminosity error judgment is performed. Step S700), the step comprising: calculating a plurality of total estimated absorbances (S710), that is, the first-estimated absorbances obtained in step S3〇〇, and the corresponding portions obtained in the corresponding step S4〇〇 Estimating the sum of absorbances; adding the first estimated absorbance of the same wavelength to the second estimated absorbance to obtain a plurality of total estimated absorbances; calculating the total estimated absorbance and the corresponding actual data in the prior spectrum data Absorbance difference (S720), for example, subtracting the actual absorbance in the optical spectrum data from the total estimated absorbance of the same wavelength to obtain a plurality of bright light degree differences; determining whether the absorbance difference falls in one Within the error tolerance (S73〇), if not, step S302 is performed again; if YES, the measurement method of the suspended solid concentration and the chemical oxygen demand of the present embodiment is completed. When the absorbance in step S720 does not fall within the error tolerance, the steps S302 to S700 may be repeated one to many times until the absorbance difference in step S720 falls within the error tolerance, and the measurement is completed. This creation provides rapid measurement of SS and COD by the aforementioned instrument and measurement analysis program. Compared with the existing measurement equipment, the 15 M413120 has at least the following advantages:
1·不需試劑：本創作基於光學頻譜分析技術即可對SS =二t定性定量分析，無需使用試藥’可避免定期更 、/、物的額外維護及藥材費用，且因為無添加藥劑而 行後續水質處理以降低環境上的負I 而進 2.多樣性檢測項目：本創作之量測設備非針對單一項目 進行里測，而是整合量測廢水中的SS及C〇D，若再進一步 擴充比對資料庫’加人其它待測項目之㈣參考資料 匕 k供多樣性的水質量測。 3·可即時反應監測：-般水質設備大多需要反應及量測 時間，無法㈣提供制之水㈣訊，而本創作基於光譜分 析計算，僅需相對較短時間便能完歧性定量分析，能即時 監控水質並提供分析資訊供其它系統參考利用。 4.線上自動作業：在控制及分析主機内部設定各儀器的 啟閉時間後，本創作便可自動執行清洗、進水、測量分析 及排水等作業，不需借由人工方式操作，提供全自動化的 量測環境。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1 :本創作可檢測化學需氧量及懸浮固體之水質量測 設備之單元方塊圖。 圖2 :本創作中量測槽體之結構示旁圖。 圖3··本創作控制及分析主機所執行之測量分析程序。 圖4:本創作測量分析程序中之定性分析ss及c〇d 之詳細流程圖》 M413120 圖5 :本創作測量分析程序中之定量分析SS之詳細流 程圖。 圖6 :本創作測量分析程序中之定量分析COD之詳細 流程圖》 圖7 :本創作測量分析程序中之判斷吸光度差值之詳細 流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 0量測槽體 1 1排放口 12水樣入口 1 3清洗水入口 1 4溢流口 1 5光源輸入口 1 6光源輪出口 20光源裝置 21輸入導光光纖 30光譜儀 31輸出導光光纖 40控制及分析主機 41觸控螢幕 5〇數位輸出控制模組 171. No reagent required: This creation can be based on optical spectrum analysis technology to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze SS = two t, without using the reagents' to avoid regular maintenance, /, additional maintenance of materials and medicinal materials, and because there is no added agent Follow-up water treatment to reduce the negative I in the environment. 2. Diversity testing project: The measuring equipment of this creation is not for the single project, but integrates the measurement of SS and C〇D in the wastewater. Further expand the comparison database 'additional reference data 其它k for other items to be tested for water quality measurement of diversity. 3. Real-time reaction monitoring: Most of the water quality equipment needs reaction and measurement time, and can't (4) provide water (4). This creation is based on spectral analysis and can be quantitatively analyzed in a relatively short period of time. It can monitor water quality in real time and provide analytical information for reference by other systems. 4. Online automatic operation: After setting the opening and closing time of each instrument inside the control and analysis host, the creation can automatically perform cleaning, water inflow, measurement analysis and drainage, etc., without manual operation, providing full automation Measuring environment. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1: This unit block diagram of the water quality measuring equipment for detecting chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids. Figure 2: A side view of the structure of the measuring tank in this creation. Figure 3·· This authoring control and analysis of the measurement analysis program performed by the host. Figure 4: Detailed Flowchart of Qualitative Analysis ss and c〇d in the Creative Measurement Analysis Program M413120 Figure 5: Detailed flow chart of the quantitative analysis SS in the creation measurement analysis program. Figure 6: Detailed Flow Chart of Quantitative Analysis COD in the Creative Measurement Analysis Program Figure 7: Detailed flow chart for determining the difference in absorbance in the Creative Measurement Analysis program. [Main component symbol description] 1 0 measuring tank body 1 1 discharge port 12 water sample inlet 1 3 washing water inlet 1 4 overflow port 1 5 light source input port 1 6 light source wheel outlet 20 light source device 21 input light guiding fiber 30 spectrometer 31 output light guiding fiber 40 control and analysis host 41 touch screen 5 〇 digital output control module 17