M337590 八、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 申請人在此聲明2006年12月19日申請29/270，187號同在 申請中之新式樣申請案之優先權。 本創作關於地銷’更明確地說是拖轉式地銷。 【先前技術】 樞轉型或傾斜型土錨或地錨已屬習知且其大體上包括一 主體部分’該主體部分具有一適用於施力進入土内之前 ^ 緣、一包括一卸載緣在内之後緣、及一設於該前緣與該後 緣中間處之纜繩或導引線連接點，該連接點大致定位於該 錨之全長之中點周圍，或者趨近於該後緣，使得在錨插入 土内後施加一力於該纜繩或連接之導引線時，該後緣之卸 載緣將卡入土内，導致該錨旋轉或樞轉至一大致上與抽回 力呈直角之鎖定位置。該等錨包括板錨，如3,969,854號美 國專利中所示，其通常難以打入土内。該等錨近年來已由 φ 筒形或官形錨取代，其主體内設有一孔，可供一打樁捍從 - 後緣插入至孔底或末端處或附近之一桿鄰接點，4,044,5 13 ?虎美國專利中所示之該等錨係在後緣處採用卸載緣，其大 體上界定一通往内部之開孔。該等錨亦揭示於4,096,673號 美國專利中，二案皆已讓與本申請案之受讓人。此型錨包 由殳讓人Foresight工業公司以Duckbill商標銷售，且其大 致上由鑄造之圓筒形主體組成，該主體具有一十字形前 、 17又有卸載緣之後緣、一盲孔、及一設於一頂側且 遂距於，亥卸载緣之突出肋彳，該肋件具有—貫穿之開孔， M337590 可供容納m覽繩、或另—負荷施力ϋ，以利於 該錯由—打樁桿打人地下後藉由一鄉頭、輕便鑽、液壓 機、或類此者以啟始該錨之旋轉及，，負荷鎖定，，，亦即固 定。該等錨之-般形狀變化例如揭示於5,775，㈣號美國專 利中，其中主體可以備有側緣，侧緣朝外延伸至突出肋件 以外之中心孔之側面。例如揭示於已讓與本受讓人之 御⑴爾國專利中之又一變化型式則採用擴展之側 翼’其係朝含有盲孔之圓筒形中央主體部分之側向延伸。 该等側翼可以有銳利之前緣，且當該錨旋轉至鎖定位置 時，該等翼即增加該錨與土地之間之接觸面積，此可提供 一較寬之表面以阻止該錨抽回。該等地錨有時候被稱為翼 錨。惟，在特定例子中，該等翼之存在反而不利，其中：' (a)其提供一在錨插入期間必須被推過土中之更大面積，因 而需要一較高之打樁力；及（b)由於其相對於中央主體而有 較大之側向範圍，因此使該錨樞轉及鎖定所需之力即大幅 增加。此外，（C)該等翼會在打樁期間造成該錨偏向。翼2 一外緣與一較具抗打樁力結構之接觸，無論是一硬土結構 f J如硬黏土或含有一石塊或岩石者，其皆在打樁期間有令 錨樞轉之作用，使該錨改變其被打入土内之方向。這不僅 造成一錯位之錨，同時也導致打樁桿彎折，在極端情況下 更使得該錨打入後阻止或阻礙打樁桿抽回。 用於增加翼錨之直線可打入性及減少所需打樁力的一種 方式係說明於6,237,289號美國專利，其中該等翼之前緣備 有列分隔之馨切前緣，係沿軸向而互相倒退且沿放射方 M337590 向延伸一小段距離，藉此使該等翼之前緣備有一列分別沿 縱向彼此相對地錯開、且沿放射方向相對於主體而錯開之 为隔式鑿切前緣。儘管大型翼錨之前緣之此鋸齒形或階梯 形為一改良於習知大型翼錨之方式，但是對於一較高打樁 ' 力之必要性及關於旋轉至鎖定位置之困難度仍是一大問 • 題。該等錨因此通常僅用在需要高負荷阻力時，而圓筒形 錨則用在需要低阻力負荷程度時。 惟，圓筒形錨與其十字形打入緣之使用仍在打樁期間使 名田有偏向或偏離於一筆直路徑之虞。由於該等銷通常是以 一相關於垂直方向之角度打入地下，該角度代表該錨定置 後之負荷施加角度，及由於負荷施加通常是以一非9〇度角 進行’特別是當該錨被用於錨定一導引線、一圍籬端或樹 支撐件或類此者時，其有時候難以將錨筆直地打入。概呈 圓筒形之錨通常有比相似尺寸之翼錨者低的固持或負荷支 承能力，但是其較容易打入及旋轉至一鎖定位置。 Φ 因此若概呈圓筒形之地錨可以備有一減低之打樁阻力、 一較佳之筆直路徑打入趨勢及改善之負荷支承能力，其將 為此技藝中之一大進步。 【新型内容】 上述優點可在本創作中達成，其藉由使用一概呈圓筒形 鋪’該錨具有一主體部分，該主體部分備有一從該圓筒的 一上表面區伸出之突出肋件、一突伸向該主體前方且終端 形成一階梯形前緣之第一扁平板形延伸段、一突伸向該主 體前方且垂直地延伸至設有導引表面的前緣板之第二概呈 M337590 :板t延伸段，該第二板在其前端終止而形成—列階梯形 月:緣/位於3亥主體各側上之最外側階梯形前緣延伸至該主 體直徑外’且其形成一用於一短漸縮形肋件之前緣，該短 漸_肋件係沿著該主體長度而從該肋件前緣延伸至該主 體後緣，及其具有一從該主體外徑伸出之寬度且大致上不 大於其前緣寬度，其大致上相同於該等導引表面前緣之各 階之前緣。 在本I]作之-實施例中，該銷包含_概呈管形或圓筒形 主體段，該主體段具有一概呈圓錐形朝前或前端及一與該 主體轴線形成鈍角之後緣且在該後緣之底部設有一卸載 緣’一突出之肋件突伸至該主體部分上方且具有—連接件 供連接於-拉力構件’―盲孔從該後緣延伸至該主體内， 一平坦之前緣構件從該主體部分朝前伸出且其終端形成一 馨切點’-導引板沿該前緣側面伸向該主體前方且該導引 板在該前緣構件之：m有雜齒形或階梯形前緣。 在本創作之一實施例中，該錨包含一概呈管形主體段， 該主體段具有-概呈尖銳或斜面形之朝前或前端及一與該 主體軸線形成鈍角之後緣且在該後緣之底部設有一卸載 緣，一突出之肋件突伸至該主體部分上方且具有一連接件 供連接於一拉動構件，一盲孔從該後緣延伸至該主體内， 一前緣構件從該主體部分朝前伸出且其終端形成一鑿切 點，一對導引板係在該前緣之各側上沿側向伸向該主體前 方且該等導引板設有鋸齒形或階梯形前緣，該伸出之前緣 形成一在垂直方向對齊且沿著該主體軸線延伸之概呈平扫 M337590 且其終端形成朝前之階梯形鑿切緣，該等導引板在 八]緣、止而形成多數個沿著該主體外部延伸至該後 ^之肋Γ該等肋件從該主體伸出大約為該導弓丨表面之一 P白梯形前緣之寬度。 因此本創作之-目的在提供—種具有改良打樁功能之地 錯’其僅需最小之打樁力且有改良之直線打樁趨勢。M337590 VIII. New description: [New technical field] The applicant hereby declares the priority of the new application in the application of 29/270,187 on December 19, 2006. This creation is about the sale of land sales, more specifically, drag-and-drop. [Prior Art] A pivotal or inclined earth anchor or ground anchor is conventional and generally includes a body portion having a body portion that is adapted to apply force into the soil before the edge, including an unloading edge. a trailing edge, and a cable or guide wire connection point disposed between the leading edge and the trailing edge, the connection point being substantially positioned around a midpoint of the full length of the anchor, or approaching the trailing edge, such that When the anchor is inserted into the soil and a force is applied to the cable or the guide wire of the connection, the unloading edge of the trailing edge will snap into the soil, causing the anchor to rotate or pivot to a locked position that is substantially at right angles to the withdrawal force. Such anchors include a panel anchor, as shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,969,854, which is generally difficult to penetrate into the soil. These anchors have been replaced by φ tubular or official anchors in recent years, and a hole is provided in the main body for inserting a piling raft from the rear edge to the bottom or end of the hole or a nearby rod adjacent point, 4, 044, 5 The anchors shown in the U.S. patents employ an unloading rim at the trailing edge that generally defines an opening to the interior. Such anchors are also disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,096,673, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein. This type of anchor pack is sold by Foresight Industries under the Duckbill trademark and consists essentially of a cast cylindrical body having a cross-shaped front, a trailing edge of the unloading edge, a blind hole, and a protruding rib provided on a top side and spaced apart from the edge of the unloading edge of the sea. The rib member has a through hole, and the M337590 can accommodate the m rope or another load urging force to facilitate the error. - After the piling rod hits the ground, the rotation of the anchor is started by a head, a portable drill, a hydraulic press, or the like, and the load is locked, that is, fixed. The general shape change of the anchors is disclosed, for example, in U. Another variation, such as that disclosed in the patent of the assignee of the present assignee, utilizes the expanded side flaps which extend laterally toward the cylindrical central body portion containing the blind holes. The flank can have a sharp leading edge and the wings increase the contact area between the anchor and the ground when the anchor is rotated to the locked position, which provides a wider surface to prevent the anchor from being withdrawn. These ground anchors are sometimes referred to as wing anchors. However, in certain instances, the existence of such wings is counterproductive, where: '(a) it provides a larger area that must be pushed through the earth during anchor insertion, thus requiring a higher piling force; and b) Because of its large lateral extent relative to the central body, the force required to pivot and lock the anchor is substantially increased. In addition, (C) the wings may cause the anchor to deflect during piling. The outer edge of the wing 2 is in contact with a relatively anti-piling force structure, whether it is a hard soil structure f J such as hard clay or containing a rock or rock, which has the function of pivoting the anchor during the piling. The anchor changes its direction of being driven into the soil. This not only causes a misaligned anchor, but also causes the piling rod to bend, and in extreme cases, the anchor is prevented from entering or hindering the piling rod from being withdrawn. A method for increasing the linear driveability of a wing anchor and reducing the required piling force is illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 6,237,289, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. It is retracted and extends a short distance along the side of the radiator M337590, whereby the leading edges of the wings are provided with a row which is respectively offset relative to each other in the longitudinal direction and which is staggered in the radial direction with respect to the main body. Although the zigzag or step shape of the leading edge of the large wing anchor is a modification to the conventional large wing anchor, the necessity for a higher piling 'force and the difficulty of rotating to the locked position are still a big question. • question. These anchors are therefore typically used only when high load resistance is required, while cylindrical anchors are used when low resistance loads are required. However, the use of the cylindrical anchor and its cross-shaped entry edge still causes the field to be biased or deviated from a straight path during piling. Since the pins are usually driven into the ground at an angle related to the vertical direction, the angle represents the load application angle after the anchoring, and since the load application is usually performed at a non-9 degree angle, especially when the anchor When used to anchor a guide wire, a fence end or a tree support or the like, it is sometimes difficult to drive the anchor straight into place. General Cylindrical anchors typically have lower holding or load bearing capabilities than similarly sized wing anchors, but are easier to drive in and rotate to a locked position. Φ Therefore, if the cylindrical anchor is provided with a reduced pile resistance, a better straight path entry tendency and improved load bearing capacity, it will be a great advancement in this art. [New content] The above advantages can be achieved in the present invention by using a substantially cylindrical paving 'the anchor has a main body portion which is provided with a protruding rib extending from an upper surface area of the cylinder a first flat plate-shaped extension extending toward the front of the main body and forming a stepped leading edge, a second protruding front plate extending perpendicularly to the front of the main body and extending to a leading edge plate provided with a guiding surface General M337590: an extension of the plate t, the second plate is terminated at its front end to form a column-shaped moon: the edge/the outermost stepped leading edge on each side of the body of the 3H extends to the outside of the body diameter' and Forming a leading edge for a short tapered rib member extending from the leading edge of the rib to the trailing edge of the body along the length of the body, and having an outer diameter extending from the body The width is generally not greater than the width of the leading edge, which is substantially the same as the leading edge of the leading edge of the guiding surfaces. In the embodiment of the present invention, the pin comprises a substantially tubular or cylindrical body segment having a generally conical shape facing the front or the front end and a rear edge forming an obtuse angle with the body axis and An unloading edge is provided at the bottom of the trailing edge. A protruding rib protrudes above the body portion and has a connecting member for connecting to the tension member. A blind hole extends from the trailing edge into the body, a flat a leading edge member projects forwardly from the body portion and a terminal end thereof forms an singular point '-the guiding plate extends forward of the main body along the leading edge side and the guiding plate is at the leading edge member: m has a tooth profile Or stepped leading edge. In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor includes a generally tubular body segment having a generally sharp or beveled forward or forward end and an obtuse trailing edge with the body axis and at the trailing edge a bottom portion is provided with an unloading edge, a protruding rib projecting above the body portion and having a connecting member for connecting to a pulling member, a blind hole extending from the trailing edge into the body, a leading edge member The body portion projects forwardly and the terminal end thereof forms a chiseling point. A pair of guiding plates extend laterally toward the front of the main body on each side of the leading edge and the guiding plates are provided with a zigzag or stepped shape. The leading edge forms a generally flat sweeping M337590 aligned in the vertical direction and extending along the body axis and the terminal end forms a forward stepped chisel cutting edge, the guiding plates are at eight edges And forming a plurality of ribs extending along the outside of the body to the rear of the body, the ribs projecting from the body about a width of a white trapezoidal leading edge of one of the guide bow surfaces. Therefore, the purpose of this creation is to provide a ground fault with improved piling function, which requires only minimal piling force and improved straight piling tendency.
本創作之另一目的在提供一種概呈圓筒形或管形或樞轉 里地'其具有由突伸表面提供之改良打樁功能，該等突 伸表面係互相以—角度朝該銷之主體前方延伸，當從該主 體部分之前端量起時’該等突伸表面伸出一段為該錨全長 ^0%與4G%之間之距離，或者當從該主體部分之一端與 X等大伸表面之間之—過渡區末端量起時為該錯全長之 1 〇/〇至20 /〇，其中该過渡區係由一從該主體部分的一外徑 到該等突伸表面之軸向漸減直徑段組成，且該等突伸表面 在終端處形成銳利或錾切之前緣，該等前緣包含複數個沿 軸向及放射方向呈階梯形彼此偏置之前緣段，該等突伸： 面具有概呈平坦形之相對立側表面，以阻止該财打播期 間相關於其軸線而旋轉。 本創作之又一目的在提供一種概呈圓筒形、橢圓形或長 方形主體之地錨，其具有一由鑿切表面界定之前緣，該等 鑿切表面係沿軸向及放射方向間隔於彼此且形成於概呈平 坦形板件之如緣處，該等板件朝該主體部分之前方延伸， 該等板件係互相以一角度定位，及該主體部分具有多數個 大致上沿著該主體部分之長度而在其相對立側上延伸的肋 M337590 件，該等肋件具有非鈍形前緣且其大致上具有一從該主體 β刀之表面朝外量起大約為該主體部分之橫向寬度之2〇% 或更小之寬度，藉此使該等肋件可用於協助該錨筆直地打 入’且不對旋轉產生嚴重摩擦或阻力。 本創作另一重要之目的在提供一種概呈圓筒形錨，其具 有朝該i體部 > 前方延伸1終端#成前緣之平坦板形延伸 段，該等前緣具有倒退之鑿切緣，位於該主體各側上之最 φ 外側鑿切緣形成一側肋件之前緣，該側肋件係沿著該主體 而延伸至該主體之後緣。 上述及其他目的可在習於此技者審閱較佳實施例的說明 後瞭解，可以瞭解的是此僅為本創作之一實施例，且形狀 及尺寸上的許多變換型式應在本創作之範疇内。 【實施方式】 如圖1及2所示，本創作之錨10係由一概呈圓筒形主體部 刀11組成，忒主體可具有一概呈圓錐形前端及一與該主 • 體縱軸線形成一斜角之後端13。該後端13是在主體11之一 - 底部15處併合一卸載緣Μ，在該錨被打入到所想要的深度 及施加一縮回負荷後，該卸載緣即卡入該錨周圍的土壤 内。一肋件17形成於該主體丨丨之一頂部18上，且在所示之 實施例中其包括一突伸之中央段2〇，該中央段是從該主體 之任意部分之該頂部18突伸至最遠處，該中央段2〇備有一 沿橫向延伸穿過之開孔21。 〇亥開孔可具有一牙過且夾回到其本身之纟覽繩，或者其可 備有一鉤環固定點，而該鉤環可供一纜繩或桿棒接附。用 M337590 於將㈣繩或桿棒接附至突出肋件之許多其他固定件範例 已屬習知，且皆可替代該孔21。這些範例包括可容納一錯 桿上之τ形頭的τ形長孔’或者是多數個從該頂表面18完全 延伸牙過至底表面15之開孔，且該底表面具有一設在肋件 區内之較小開孔而不設在底部，使得一設有頭部之桿棒可 以從底部進給通過該錯，且桿棒從肋件朝外延伸而其頭部 可在開孔内樞轉及藉由肋件頂部處之該較小開孔而保持於 • 其内。這些皆屬於設計選擇上之問題且為習知技術。 同樣地，該主體部分之圓錐形前端可以製成平坦狀、斜 表面狀、陡峭端壁狀或其他形狀。一傾斜或有角度之壁面 可以比鈍狀之放射方向表面有利，而不論其是否成為表面 與縱軸線呈一角度之圓錐或平坦三角形段之一部分，此係 因為該錨被打入土内時這些表面可將土壌從主體u推開至 其後方。 同樣地，突出肋件17之前端頂表面3〇較佳地與縱軸線形 | 成一角度，其係在其前端32處從該主體部分之外直徑表面 依一攻角延伸至中央段20,此有助於土壤之移動。圖中所 不之貫施例提供一平坦之頂表面3丨，其係從内段起增大寬 度，且该主體部分之表面18之前頂端32位於圓錐形段^之 起點處，该增大寬度朝後延伸至中央段2〇前方之一點處。 中央段20係呈一較小寬度，其橫越過該主體之縱向中心 線，以利在該肋件之前端部分與連接部分2〇之間之位置W 產生一急遽之寬度縮減。從平坦頂表面31伸出之該肋件之 側壁35可以直線地向外展開，或如本實施例中所示，亦即 -12- M337590 以一較圓滑方式，這些表面之形狀為設計選擇上之問題。 儘管創作人揭示出一錨具有一設於該肋件前端面處之平 坦表面31，可以瞭解的是一突伸至一中央峰部且從該錨之 前緣點50—直延伸回到中央段20之緣部表面有必要用來協 • 助該錨貫穿入土壤内。 - 惟，吾人想要的是該突出助件之前緣應建構用於將土壤 · 導引離開中央段20 ’因為纜繩、鉤環、桿棒及/或類此者 ' 可能延伸至肋件段2〇之側面外，而造成對於該錨輕易穿入 零 i地内之-大阻力。 因為該肋件從該主體突伸、及因為其提供纜繩、桿棒、 等等所用之銷定連接件’使得該錨樞接及提供其錨定功能 時該肋件皆在張力狀態下’因此該肋件必須有足夠強度可 適應此負荷力’而不致與該錫之其餘部分分離。關於此 點’該等肋件係較大且當該錨被打入土内時其為該錯偏離 筆直路線之一項因素。一盲孔60係從後緣延伸入該主體 • 内，且其終止於該盲孔末端或鄰近之-驅動表面61中。該 • 末端可為圖中所示之方形或者可形成半徑，以防止驅動鋼 之尖端撞扁。-長形打樁鋼插入孔60内且其用於藉由施力 構件以將該錯打入土内，該施力構件依據該錯之尺寸而從 - 手持式鄉頭到-類似於打樁機之機械皆可。由於該錯插 - =内之深度將取決於㈣之尺寸、欲保持之負荷、土冑 ’ 口口質、及類此者’因此該打椿鋼可能相當長、由多數個螺 · 冓成及可i本身在結構上不足以確保該錯筆直地打 入0 -13- M337590 儘管吾人0知提供多數個從該㈣前端延伸出之十字形 突起，以協助概呈圓筒形之旋轉錨貫穿土壤，但是該等延 伸段在打樁期間防止該錫歪曲或非直線移動上並不絲能 完全令人滿意。以目前所使用之翼錯而言，其具有從中央 . ㈣伸出之較大㈣翼、十字形t切突緣及尖銳之翼緣，、 - 如5,〇31，37〇號美國專利所示。再者，該等銷在從頂部至底 部之垂直方向及並側並翼之水平方向中皆設有鋸齒形或階 ㈣前緣。儘管這些前緣有利於翼錨，但是其未曾使用在 概呈圓筒形或橢圓形體之無翼錯上。 /本創作備有前板7G、71、72、73或突伸之表面構件，其 係朝該主體前方延伸，且彼此互以一角度定位，大體上為 直角，及其備有前緣50、51_55。板7〇係從該突出肋件之 接合處32朝前延伸而終止於階梯形前緣5〇、52、51，且η 位於中央。各該前緣被馨成一刺尖。板70、71可被視為一 板件而板72、73被視為一第二板件，且該二板件相交，或 • 纟為了說明起見，該等前板可被視為從-共同接合處朝放 ‘ #方向延伸之四片分隔板件。較多或較少板件皆可設置， 且儘官板7 2、7 3被揭示為將其前緣5 3沿放射方向間隔於板 70-71之前緣51後方，應該瞭解的是該二前板也可以朝該 2體前方延伸-相同量，如圖4所示。較佳地，該等前板 :有抗碇轉表面，以在打樁期間阻止該錨旋轉。就此而 言，當該前板之起點是從代表圓錐形或過渡區12之前之主 體11前端的點32量起時’該等前板延伸至該錨之全部距離 之大約1/3處。當從過渡區12之末端量起時，該前板將延 •14· M337590 伸至該錨之全長之大約20%處。儘管這些百分比可以變 更，但是較佳為從點32量起時，該等前板延伸至全長之 2〇〇/。與40%之間，及從點33量起時，亦即該過渡區末^， 則該等前板朝前延伸出該長度之丨5%至25%。此即提供一 . 足夠之抗旋轉表面，以協助該錨筆直打入。儘管板7〇_73 之頂、底表面可以形成平行於彼此，但是其亦可形成一角 度。板71為定位於該錨另一侧或底側上之板7〇之鏡像，板 φ 7〇、71係由水平方向之板72、乃分隔，後者同樣從該主體 部分與圓錐形段丨2之接合處伸出且呈左右方向之鏡像。板 72、73之終端為梯形後退狀之鑿切緣部53、54，或者，若 有需要，其可具有一延伸至末端51之較中央緣部，儘管創 作人較偏好於具有一單一前鑿切緣部51。創作人雖然已揭 示一由四個板件組成之X形或十字形前緣，且該等板件互 呈直角及等距間隔，應該瞭解的是其他組合型態亦可使 用。例如，底板可予以省略，以致使朝前之突起概呈τ 籲形。應該瞭解的是板70就無法如此容易省略，因為其在後 端與該突出肋件併合。儘管創作人選擇以板件、或板狀構 件說明該等朝前之延伸段，惟其僅為了闡述目的，應該瞭 解的是整個錨可形成如一單一鑄件，該等延伸段可具有一 截面曲率或者可在鄰近於其最外緣處朝上或朝下伸出。進 -步可以瞭解的是板7〇之頂表面或板71之底表面或板72或 73之側面可以_而成。創作人使轉切—詞以包括所有 型式之銳利緣部’其包括在最外端處有一半徑者在内。吾 人無意於使馨切表面如刀刃般銳利及危害到手，然而該等 -15- M337590 表面不應該在板件之全厚度上皆呈鈍形。 此外在板72及73之外緣且間隔於最後一梯形後退狀前 緣54者為側肋件8〇、81 ’其定位於該主體之錢上，該等 肋件可具有概呈三角形之p “ ^ 巧〜乙鍫切刖緣55，其終端在該等肋件 之外緣處，而該外緣則„切或削尖如圖3之編號9〇、9ι 所示者。前緣55及側肋件8G、81具有_從該主體之外徑啟 始之寬度’其m I父佳為主體i丨直徑之大約2㈣。該等Another object of the present invention is to provide a substantially cylindrical or tubular or pivotal 'with improved piling function provided by a protruding surface that is oriented at an angle to the body of the pin Extending forwardly, when measured from the front end of the body portion, the protruding surfaces extend a distance of between 0% and 4% of the total length of the anchor, or when extending from one end of the main body portion to X and the like The distance between the surfaces - the end of the transition zone is 1 〇 / 〇 to 20 / 〇 of the total length of the fault, wherein the transition zone is gradually reduced from an outer diameter of the body portion to the axial extent of the protruding surface The diameter segments are formed, and the protruding surfaces form a sharp or beveled leading edge at the terminal end, and the leading edges comprise a plurality of leading edges that are offset from each other in a stepwise direction in the axial direction and the radial direction, and the protrusions are: There are generally opposite side surfaces that are generally flat to prevent rotation during the play. A further object of the present invention is to provide a ground anchor having a generally cylindrical, elliptical or rectangular body having a leading edge defined by a chiseling surface that is spaced apart from each other in the axial and radial directions And forming at a margin of the substantially flat plate member, the plates extending toward the front of the body portion, the plates being positioned at an angle to each other, and the body portion having a plurality of substantially along the body a portion of the rib M337590 extending a portion of its length on its opposite side, the rib having a non-blunt leading edge and having substantially a lateral extent from the surface of the body beta knife approximately transverse to the body portion A width of 2% or less of the width, whereby the ribs can be used to assist the anchor to straighten into the 'without causing severe friction or resistance to rotation. Another important object of the present invention is to provide a generally cylindrical anchor having a flat plate-shaped extension extending toward the front of the i-body > front end into a leading edge having reversed chiseling The edge, the most φ outer chisel edge on each side of the body forms a leading edge of a side rib that extends along the body to the trailing edge of the body. The above and other objects can be understood by those skilled in the art after reviewing the description of the preferred embodiments. It can be understood that this is only one embodiment of the present invention, and many transformation patterns in shape and size should be within the scope of the present creation. Inside. [Embodiment] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the anchor 10 of the present invention is composed of a generally cylindrical main body blade 11, and the body can have a substantially conical front end and a longitudinal axis formed with the main body. Beveled rear end 13. The rear end 13 is at one of the bottoms 15 of the main body 11 and is combined with a unloading edge. After the anchor is driven to the desired depth and a retracting load is applied, the unloading edge is snapped around the anchor. Inside the soil. A rib member 17 is formed on one of the top portions 18 of the body jaw and, in the illustrated embodiment, includes a projecting central section 2, which is projecting from the top portion 18 of any portion of the body. To the farthest extent, the central section 2 is provided with an opening 21 extending therethrough in a lateral direction. The 〇Hui opening may have a sling that is over and clipped back to itself, or it may have a hook and loop attachment point that is attachable to a cable or rod. It is conventional to use M337590 to attach a (four) string or rod to a plurality of other fasteners of the protruding ribs, and the aperture 21 can be substituted. These examples include a tautical elongated hole that can accommodate a τ-shaped head on a staggered pole or a plurality of openings that extend completely from the top surface 18 to the bottom surface 15, and the bottom surface has a rib member The smaller opening in the zone is not located at the bottom, so that a bar with a head can feed through the fault from the bottom, and the bar extends outward from the rib and the head can be inside the opening The turn is held within • by the smaller opening at the top of the rib. These are all issues of design choice and are well known techniques. Similarly, the conical front end of the body portion can be formed into a flat shape, a slanted surface shape, a steep end wall shape or the like. A sloping or angled wall may be advantageous over a blunt radial surface, whether or not it is part of a cone or flat triangular section at an angle to the longitudinal axis, as these anchors are driven into the soil. The surface pushes the bandit from the main body u to the rear. Similarly, the front end top surface 3 of the protruding rib 17 is preferably at an angle to the longitudinal axis shape, which extends at its front end 32 from the outer diameter surface of the body portion to the central section 20 at an angle of attack. Helps the movement of the soil. The embodiment of the figure provides a flat top surface 3丨 which increases in width from the inner section, and the front end 32 of the surface 18 of the body portion is located at the beginning of the conical section ^, the increased width Extend backwards to a point in front of the central section 2〇. The central section 20 is of a relatively small width which traverses the longitudinal centerline of the body to facilitate a sharp reduction in the width W between the front end portion of the rib and the connecting portion 2'. The side walls 35 of the ribs extending from the flat top surface 31 may be linearly flared outwardly, or as shown in this embodiment, i.e., -12-M337590 in a more rounded manner, the shape of these surfaces being designed to be selected The problem. Although the creator reveals that an anchor has a flat surface 31 disposed at the front end face of the rib member, it will be appreciated that a protrusion projects to a central peak and extends straight from the anchor leading edge point 50 back to the central section 20. The surface of the edge is necessary to help the anchor penetrate into the soil. - However, what we want is that the leading edge of the protruding aid should be constructed to guide the soil away from the central section 20 'because the cable, shackle, rod and/or the like' may extend to the rib section 2 Outside the side of the raft, it creates a large resistance to the anchor easily penetrating into the ground. Because the rib member protrudes from the body and because it provides a pinned connector for the cable, rod, etc., the rib is in tension when the anchor is pivoted and provides its anchoring function. The ribs must have sufficient strength to accommodate this load force' without being separated from the rest of the tin. In this regard, the ribs are relatively large and are a factor in the deviation from the straight course when the anchor is driven into the soil. A blind hole 60 extends into the body from the trailing edge and terminates in the end of the blind hole or in the adjacent drive surface 61. The • end can be square as shown or can be radiused to prevent the tip of the drive steel from collapsing. - an elongated piling steel insertion hole 60 for use in the soil by the force applying member, the force applying member from the hand-held head to the - similar to the pile driver machine according to the wrong size Can be. Because the depth of the wrong insertion - = will depend on the size of (4), the load to be maintained, the mouth's mouth quality, and the like. Therefore, the steel can be quite long and consists of a large number of snails. I can not be structurally sufficient to ensure that the error is straight into the 0-13-M337590. Although we know that we provide a plurality of cross-shaped protrusions extending from the front end of the (four) to assist the general cylindrical rotating anchor through the soil. However, the extensions are not completely satisfactory in preventing the tin from being twisted or non-linearly moved during piling. In the case of the wing error currently used, it has a larger (four) wing extending from the center (4), a cross-shaped t-cut flange and a sharp flange, - such as the US Patent Institute, 5, 〇 31, 37 〇 Show. Further, the pins are provided with a zigzag or step (four) leading edge in the vertical direction from the top to the bottom and the horizontal direction of the side wings. Although these leading edges favor the wing anchors, they have not been used in the generalized cylindrical or elliptical body. / This creation is provided with front panels 7G, 71, 72, 73 or protruding surface members that extend toward the front of the body and are positioned at an angle to one another, generally at right angles, and are provided with leading edges 50, 51_55 . The plate 7 extends forwardly from the joint 32 of the protruding ribs to terminate at the stepped leading edges 5, 52, 51, and n is centrally located. Each of the leading edges is sinuous. The panels 70, 71 can be considered a panel and the panels 72, 73 are considered a second panel, and the two panels intersect, or • For the sake of explanation, the front panels can be considered to be - The joint joint faces the four partition plates that extend in the '# direction. More or less plates can be set, and the official plates 7 2, 7 3 are revealed to have their leading edge 5 3 spaced behind the front edge 51 of the plate 70-71 in the radial direction. It should be understood that the two fronts The plate can also extend toward the front of the body 2 by the same amount, as shown in FIG. Preferably, the front panels have an anti-twisting surface to prevent rotation of the anchor during piling. In this regard, when the starting point of the front panel is measured from a point 32 representing the front end of the main body 11 before the conical or transition zone 12, the front panels extend to about 1/3 of the total distance of the anchor. When measured from the end of the transition zone 12, the front panel extends the length of the joint to approximately 20% of the total length of the anchor. Although these percentages may vary, it is preferred that the front plates extend to a length of 2 〇〇/ when measured from point 32. Between 5% and 25%, and when measured from point 33, i.e., at the end of the transition zone, the front plates extend 5% to 25% of the length. This provides a sufficient anti-rotation surface to assist the anchor straight into the pen. Although the top and bottom surfaces of the plates 7〇_73 may be formed parallel to each other, they may also form an angle. The plate 71 is a mirror image of the plate 7〇 positioned on the other or bottom side of the anchor, the plates φ 7〇, 71 being separated by a horizontal plate 72, the latter also being from the body portion and the conical segment 丨 2 The joint is extended and mirrored in the left and right direction. The ends of the plates 72, 73 are trapezoidal receding chisel edge portions 53, 54 or, if desired, may have a more central edge extending to the end 51, although the creator prefers to have a single front chisel Cutting edge portion 51. Although the creator has revealed an X-shaped or cross-shaped leading edge composed of four panels, and the panels are at right angles and equidistant intervals, it should be understood that other combinations may also be used. For example, the bottom plate can be omitted so that the forwardly facing projections are generally τ-shaped. It should be understood that the plate 70 cannot be omitted so easily because it merges with the protruding rib at the rear end. Although the creator chooses to describe the forward extensions by plates or plate members, it is for illustrative purposes only, it should be understood that the entire anchor may be formed as a single casting, and the extensions may have a section curvature or may Extending upward or downward adjacent to its outermost edge. It can be understood that the top surface of the plate 7 or the bottom surface of the plate 71 or the side of the plate 72 or 73 can be formed. The creator makes the cut-to-word to include all types of sharp edges, which include a radius at the outermost end. We do not intend to make the surface of the sinuous cut as sharp as the blade, but the surface of the -15- M337590 should not be blunt at the full thickness of the plate. Further, at the outer edges of the plates 72 and 73 and spaced apart from the last trapezoidal receding leading edge 54, the side rib members 8〇, 81' are positioned on the body of the body, and the rib members may have a triangular shape. “ ^ 巧 鍫 鍫 鍫 55 , , , , , , , 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 The leading edge 55 and the side rib members 8G, 81 have a width "starting from the outer diameter of the body", and the m I father is preferably about 2 (four) of the diameter of the main body i. Such
肋件並非輯作為翼件，如翼财所發現者，其反而用於 防止該等突出肋件在打樁期間使該㈣離__筆直路徑之傾 向。藉由將侧肋件80、81之全長從過渡段12前端之前延伸 至該主體之後緣13、藉由保持料肋件較f、及藉由使其 截面呈V形’則當錨被打人土壤内時其即不致於大幅增添 該錨之摩擦。可以瞭解的是作用在該等突出肋件之前表面 上的土壤力將有-使該錨在其前端處朝上樞轉之傾向， 或者在錨被打入土内時將整個錨朝下推。侧肋件8〇、81即 用於阻止該傾向，且對於錨被打入土内時不增添大幅抗 力0 々儘管創作人已揭示出一僅有二肋件之較佳實施例，且該 等肋件係與該錨之縱軸線之中線對齊及啟始於板Μ、乃之 緣部，但是其他型式也可以選擇使用本創作，例如藉由在 母一側設置二肋件或沿著該主體側面而將肋件定位於較高 或較低處’因此不與板72、73同一平面。 創作人亦選擇使用較平坦之板7〇_73以界定朝該錨之主 一觔方伸出之延伸段，因為平坦表面亦可用於阻止該錨轉 -16- M337590 向其他型式可以針對突伸特性而決定不同形狀或尺寸， 〇々非均一厚度之板可以在前方處較薄且在趨近於該主 體部處則增加厚度。 ，再者，創作人已揭示前緣50_54及55為設置大致垂直於 忒錨之縱軸線，該等緣部可視需要而朝後方形成角度。 本創作之上述及其他變換型式應該可由一般習於此技者 瞭解。例如，儘管創作人已揭示及說明該等錨概呈圓筒形 % 或橢圓形，但是該錨之主體可以是長方形、八邊形或其 他。大體上，創作人使用”概呈圓筒形"一詞是要涵蓋所有 該等較小之形狀變化型式。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本創作之錨之側視圖。 圖2係圖1之錨之俯視圖。 圖3係本創作之錨之前緣之正視圖。 圖4係圖1之錫之另一側之視圖。 % 圖5係錨之仰視圖。 - 圖6係後緣之正視圖。 、 【主要元件符號說明】 10 錯 11 主體 12 前端/過渡區 13 後端 15 底部/底表面 16 卸載緣 -17- M337590The rib members are not compiled as wing members, as found by Wings, but instead are used to prevent the protruding ribs from tilting the (4) away from the __ straight path during piling. By anchoring the full length of the side ribs 80, 81 from the front end of the transition section 12 to the trailing edge 13 of the body, by maintaining the ribs f, and by making the cross section V-shaped, the anchor is hit. It does not substantially increase the friction of the anchor when it is in the soil. It will be appreciated that the soil forces acting on the surface of the protruding ribs will have a tendency to pivot the anchor upward at its forward end or to push the entire anchor downward as the anchor is driven into the soil. The side rib members 81, 81 serve to prevent this tendency and do not add significant resistance to the anchor when it is driven into the soil. Although the creator has revealed a preferred embodiment having only two rib members, and such The ribs are aligned with the line in the longitudinal axis of the anchor and are initiated at the edge of the panel, but other forms may also be used, such as by providing two ribs on the female side or along the The side of the body positions the ribs at a higher or lower position 'and therefore does not lie in the same plane as the plates 72,73. The creator also chose to use a flatter plate 7〇_73 to define an extension that extends toward the main rib of the anchor, as the flat surface can also be used to prevent the anchor turn-16- M337590 from being able to target other types of projections. The characteristics determine the different shapes or sizes, and the non-uniform thickness of the panel may be thinner at the front and increase in thickness as it approaches the body portion. Furthermore, the creator has revealed that the leading edges 50_54 and 55 are disposed generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ankle anchor, and the equal edges are angled toward the rear as needed. The above and other variations of the present invention should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, although the creator has revealed and illustrated that the anchors are cylindrically shaped or elliptical, the body of the anchor may be rectangular, octagonal or otherwise. In general, the creator uses the term “general cylinder” to cover all such smaller shape variations. [Simplified Schematic] Figure 1 is a side view of the anchor of the creation. Figure 3 is a front view of the anchor's front edge. Figure 4 is a view of the other side of the tin of Figure 1. % Figure 5 is the bottom view of the anchor. - Figure 6 is the front view of the anchor Fig., [Main component symbol description] 10 False 11 Main body 12 Front end/Transition zone 13 Rear end 15 Bottom/bottom surface 16 Unloading edge-17- M337590
17 肋件 18 頂部/頂表面 20 中央段/連接部分 21 開孔 30 前端頂表面 31 平坦頂表面 32 如頂端/接合處 33 點 34 寬度縮減 35 側壁 50-55 前緣 60 盲孔 61 驅動表面 70-73 前板 80、81 側肋件 90 > 91 外緣 -18-17 rib 18 top/top surface 20 central section/joint section 21 opening 30 front end top surface 31 flat top surface 32 such as top end/joint 33 point 34 width reduction 35 side wall 50-55 leading edge 60 blind hole 61 drive surface 70 -73 Front plate 80, 81 Side ribs 90 > 91 Outer edge -18-