M326651 八、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本新型涉及一種球罩型攝影機裝置，特別是涉及一種在鍍多層薄 膜的半透明球罩與球罩内設置有彩色攝影機的裝置，特別在反射多彩 干涉光球罩與無反光攝影成像。 M326651 【先前技術】 目前，在國際安全監視器材展所展出的各式球罩攝影機（D_ Ca_)’不論是固㈣（FixedD_c_⑷或是電動型（_ ra)的，大都採用一個透明塑料（例如pc)球罩保護攝影 機其中I美日製（例如Pelc〇、T〇A)高級產品有採用一上增 ‘透膜的無色透明球罩，主要是用以增透入射光的透光率（約可達到 98% )〇 卜 冑的球罩攝影機在特殊環境下，有必要隱藏球罩_攝影機時， 通常是以採用一種半透明類似淺色茶色的單色球罩，這種單色球罩在 球罩内部背景沒有反射光或其他透射光時成呈現類似黑色，可以達到 隱藏球罩内的攝影機。但是，例如壁掛型的球罩攝影機安裝掛在白色 牆壁時，容易透過單色球罩看到白色牆壁的反光因而察覺到隱藏球罩 内的攝影機。 M326651 【新型内容】 本創作所要解決的問題·· 球罩攝影機由單色改以多彩（多種彩色）賴膜球罩，以及可以 達到避免影響影像品質的反光效果。 _ 本創作所採取的技術方案有： 此具有多層光學鍍膜球罩是採用-種以透明樹脂基材參入透明黑 色母射出成型的有色透明球罩再鐘上多層氧化物薄膜；或以透明樹脂 籲基材射出成型的無色球罩再鍍上多層氧化物薄膜與金屬薄膜，形成一 多層光學鍍膜的半透明球罩。 其中參入透明黑色母成為有黑色球罩，除了可作成半透明外主要 是在球罩内罩面鍍抗反射膜可取得比鍍金屬膜更佳的效果。 其中金屬膜對入射光產生高反射（低透光率）作用，多層氧化物 薄膜厚度在奈米級範圍（例如3〇〜8〇nm)，對入射的可見光不會有散 射。入射光透過鍍膜產生破壞性光學干涉，使觀察者從球罩外表不同 _角度看到不同反射的干涉色彩。 彩色攝影機的鏡頭透過鍍半透明金屬薄膜所設定的透光率，使透 射的可見光可攝取彩色的影像。 增加一不透明底板，主要有固定球罩支撐裝置，不透明底板隔離 入射光線與底板内面塗貼有粗糙黑色的表面防止球罩透射光的反光。 其主要的特徵就是： 球罩外表不同角度呈現不同反射的干涉色彩，以及球罩内的攝影 機可以攝取無反光效果的影像品質。 7 M326651 採取的技術方案與特徵的技術效果·· 本新型的效果之一，在多彩球罩内置一彩色攝影機，可以達到保 護與裝飾隱藏彩色攝影機的功能。 本新型的效果之二，在多彩球罩外表可以大量反射多彩的色光， 與其他室内外裝璜達到匹配裝飾的功能。因為有内置的彩色攝影機可 以傳送影像到遠端的影像顯示器上顯示監視或達到錄影監視的功能， 對於美國911事件後的公共安全防護領域，發現本裝置應用的附加價 值在反恐防治與治安工作上的隱藏裝飾（避免遭人故意破壞）將更有 廣括的實用空間。近年來，發生有許多超級市場等賣場的搶匪小输、 治安不好的公共場所販賣群鬥或是居家社區環境性侵害的惡狼等等， 具有一定程度的防盜攝影與環境監控功效。 【實施方式】 M326651 請參閱圖一為本裝置實施示意圖。 圖一包含有一多彩鍍膜球罩11、一彩色攝影機12、一不透明底板 13 〇 多彩锻膜球罩11 (以下為便利說明簡稱為球罩11)為半球型球 .罩’球罩11外表是呈現大量反射的光亮鏡面，在不同角度呈現不同色 •彩球’若以球罩11正面觀看，在球罩11中間圓心是深黃漸成色圓形 區塊’越往外圍越淺黃色。圓心外圍是深藍色，再接近邊緣的外圍是 •淺藍色。這些顏色可以有黃、紅與藍等等，是鍍膜後的光學干涉色。 此光學干涉色與將參入色粉的吸收色不同。 球罩11是採用透明PC (Polycarbonate)聚碳酸酯樹脂塑膠片， PC必然表面質量要求嚴格，盡量不要有任何斑紋、氣孔、泛白、霧暈、 黑點、變色、光澤不佳等缺陷，否則影響成像品質。製成厚度約3_。 球罩11的透光率控制在約15%左右。 彩色攝影機12，近年來新出品彩色攝影機的影像感測器（image • sensor)對感光的照度越來越靈敏，本實施例是採用曰本8〇町物感 光芯片其感度約lLux。 彩色攝影機12鏡頭121面向球罩u，使透射球罩u的光可以進 入鏡頭121成像。 不透明底板13 ’主要有固定支撐與隔離光線與防止反光的作用。 如圖一，球罩11與彩色攝影機12的本體是藉由支撐架132固定 在不透明底板13上。本裝置本體是藉由固定架固定在屋頂或踏壁 M326651 不透明底板13的不透明，主要是阻隔非從球罩u的入射光以免 球罩11的背景透光造成明顯的透明度而暴露彩色攝影機12的位置。 不透明底板13在實際實施時，有時會透射球罩u的光在不透明 底板13的板面上反射，此反射光進入彩色攝影機12鏡頭121，造成 所謂重疊的鬼影而影響成像品質。 為了避免或減少這造成鬼影的反射光，實施例中採取兩種方式解 決： 第一種就是’把彩色攝影機12鏡頭121儘量放置靠近球罩η的 罩面，如果球罩11罩面的圓曲面角度過大造成部份空隙可透光時，則 在彩色攝影機12鏡頭121的周圍套一合適的黑色橡膠管再貼近球罩 11的罩面，這樣透射球罩11的光即使在不透明底板13的板面上反 射，此反射也不容易進入彩色攝影機12鏡頭121造成重叠的鬼影。 上面第一種的解決方式比較簡單。但是，透射球罩11的光在不透 明底板13的板面上反射，此反射光雖然不容易進入彩色攝影機12鏡 頭121 ’卻會再透射球罩11罩面’讓球罩11外的觀察者看到球罩I】 内的反光，失去引本裝置具有隱藏的功能。 為了減少與避免不透明底板13的板面反射光，可以在底板13的 板面喷塗黑色霧面（非亮光面）漆’使粗糙的底板13的板面把此反射 光吸收與散射掉。 第二種是，在球罩11内罩面鍍有抗反射膜。也就是說，在球罩 11外罩面艘有反射膜，而在球罩11内罩面鍍有抗反射膜。 在球罩11外罩面鍍有反射膜，用以增加入射到球罩11的光造成 M326651 大量反射光，如此製作成本比較貴。 球罩11内部可以鐘有抗反射膜，用以減少透射球罩11的光造成 對彩色攝影機12鏡頭121的反射。 圖中的固定架131是有螺紋可鎖的中空鋼管1311，彩色攝影機12 的電源與信號線等可由此中空的部份引出去。 • 圖中球罩Η邊緣與不透明底板13邊緣是藉一黑色橡膠圓圈133 套牢一起，也可防水。 ❿ 有關抗反射膜與反射膜’也就是所說的光學锻膜(optical thin films) 〇 光學艘膜的逼一般作業流程簡化如下：PC基材以超音波洗淨機洗 淨，洗淨後排上夾具，送入鍍膜機，開始加熱及抽真空，由於為求製 得之薄膜，能擁有高純度，因此鍍膜製程是在高真空環境下完成。達 到高真空後’始鍍膜。鍍膜時，以電子槍或電阻式加熱，將鍵膜材 料變成離子態，錄膜時間則視層數及程式不同而有長短。鍵膜完畢後， 鲁待溫度冷卻後取出。而鍍膜後的PC塑膠片，由於具有干涉光線及過遽 某些波長的功用，一般稱之為光學干涉濾光片。 光學薄膜，這—領域主要的絲薄件包括抗反_、反射膜、 偏振膜、干涉滤光片和分光鏡等等。主要内容有以下的幾方面：薄膜 的光學性質、力學性質以及其他有_質的研究；薄膜長、薄膜 的結構以及它們對薄膜性質的影響；光學薄膜元件的設計、製備及其 性能的測試等。 抗反射膜又稱增透膜，它的主要功能是減少或消除基材光學表面 M326651 的反射光，從而增加這些基材的透光量，減少或消除系統的雜散光。 因為任何物體對光線都有反射作用，連無色透明樹脂的基材也不 例外，差別在於光線的角度是否會形成反射效果。 請參閱圖二為薄膜反射率與光學厚度的變化關係圖。 當光垂直入射單層膜時，且光學厚度及/為（2又。/2)、入〇、 (3h/2)···，膜層對波長的反光強度不變;若光學厚度你為（;u/4)、 (3 λ。/4)、（5 λ。/4)…，反射率將為極大值或極小值，且其值決定於 _膜的折射率η是大於還是小於基板的折射率m當η > 時，反射率 為極大值，在η < m時，反射率為極小值，如圖二所示。 由上可見，一層光學厚度為四分之一波長，且折射率夠低的薄膜， 可作為抗反射膜，使表面反射率降低，例如在玻璃表 面鍵上單層氟化錤（MgF2，/7= 1· 38)，即為-種簡單結構的抗反射膜。 相對的，若在玻璃表面社-層折射率足夠高的材料，它將大大增加 玻璃表面的反射率。單層薄膜的二氧化鈦⑽2 ,万=2·2)，反射率 鲁約可達30%左右。 如鑛在光學級PC板表面上的一層折射率較低的薄膜。當薄膜的 折射率低於PC的折射率（1.587)時，如果膜層的光學厚度是某一波 長的四分之-，相鄰兩束光的光程差恰好為，即振動方向相反，叠加 _果使光學表面對該波長的反射光減少。適當選擇膜賴折射率， 這時光學表面的反射光可以幾乎完全消除。 簡單說，光的物理性質決定於振幅與波長兩因^振幅決定了光 量的強弱’波長則是_色_特徵與種^換言之，振幅的差異， 12 M326651 給予明暗的區別；而波長的差異則給予色相的區別。 反射膜，它的功能是增加光學表面的反射率。一般可分為兩大類， 一類是金屬反射膜，一類是全電介質反射膜。此外，還有把兩者結合 起來的金屬電介質反射膜。 一般金屬（例如鋁）都具有較大的消光係數，當光束由空氣入射 到金屬表面時，進入金屬内部的光振幅迅速衰減，使得進入金屬内部 的光能相應減少，而反射光能增加。消光係數越大，光振幅衰減越迅 速，進入金屬内部的光能越少，反射率越高。商人們總是選擇消光係 數較大，光學性質較穩定的那些金屬作為鍍金屬膜材料。例如在紫外 區常用的金屬薄膜材料是銘，在可見光區常用銘和銀，在紅外區常用 金、銀和銅，此外，鉻和銘也常用作一些特殊的鑛膜材料。由於銘、 銀、銅專材料在二氣中很容易氧化而降低性能，所以必須用電介質膜 加以保護，例如本實施例是用二氧化矽（Si〇2)保護鋁膜。 金屬（例如，IS)反射膜的優點S製備單，工作的波長範 圍寬；缺點是光損耗大，反射率不可織高。有時為了使金屬反射膜 的反射率進—步提高，可以在麵外侧加峨層—定厚度的電介質層， 組成金屬電介質反射膜。 需要注意岐，金屬電介質反麵增加了某—波長（或者某一波區) 的反射率，碱壞了金屬财性反射的獅。全電介質反射膜是建立 ^多光束干#基礎上的。與增透膜相反，在光學表面上链—層折射率 高於基體材料的薄膜，就可以增加光學表面的反射率。 最簡單的多層反射膜是由高、低折射率的二種材料交替蒸锻而成 13 M326651 的。例如’圖一所示的球罩η外罩面，是由二氧化鈦（Ti〇2，Λ== 2.2) 與二氧化矽（Si〇2)等二種材料交替蒸鍍12層。 如果是在無色透明樹脂的球罩鍍膜完成後，整個球罩似乎看起來 也是透明’要鍍鋁才顯示出鍍膜干涉色光。 如果是在有色透明樹脂的球罩鍍膜完成後，也可有限度的顯示出 鍍膜干涉色光。 每層膜的光學厚度為某一波長的四分之一。在這種條件下，參加 春叠加的各界面上的反射光矢量，振動方向相同。合成振幅隨著薄膜層 數的增加而增加。 前面說過球罩11表面的鍍膜層本身是無色透明的。只有沒有透過 球罩11的光線會被反射回來，形成人眼24可見的反光。 透過球罩11的光線越多，反光則越弱。對光譜中的各種光線都有 較強的反射，因此反光的綜合色為白光。 單層的鍍膜，其表面的反光較弱，大大增加光譜中部的黃綠光的 •透過率’只有光譜兩端的紅光和藍光才被反射，因此反光一般呈淡藍 •紫色，單一鍍膜只是對單一波長的光線才完全有效。如要對其他波長 干擾反射，通常就鍍上多層薄膜。 由於光學薄膜技術的快速發展，因此光學薄膜的研究就躍出光學 範疇而成為物理、化學、固體和表面物理的邊緣學科。許多新的材料、 新專利技術與新設備不斷出籠。至今，光學薄膜製作的困難點已經很 少出現在設計上，只要特性要求合理，總是能設計出適用的多層膜結 構，關鍵的問題在於薄膜製鍍工藝的改進，如何精確地控制每一層的 14 M326651 =!率’以得到期望的光學性質和機械特性，甚至考量製作的 盥望、本的降低’另外如薄膜材料的開發、先進麵技術的開發 與相的靖，冑編工靖_物課題。 裝置的創作疋在逆些快速發展的領域中，著重於攝影成像改良 置的應用項域’不涉及薄膜製鍵的工藝和已有的鑛膜專利技術。因 此不影響本裝置創作的精神與可專利性。 前面提及的球罩U，是本創作人委託_某光學薄膜電鑛廠加工 製作的。 為了便利摘純置的試驗與實施，觀計概念紐委託薇商製 作了數款獨球罩U，舉出了各_異咖適合不同環境、不同成本 的需求。 第-放疋，以透明PC (P〇lyCarb〇nate)聚碳酸醋樹脂射出成型 的透明球罩，先鍍-層鉻〇薄膜成為—淺色茶色（半透明）球罩，然 後再以一氧化鈦（Ti〇2)與二氧化$ (她)二種材料交替蒸鍍η層完 成-茶色半透_球罩。此球罩外罩面對人的眼睛正視而言，球罩圓 心中央呈現黃綠的漸層色，然後逐漸靠近球罩邊緣是藍色。 第一款因為在半球型球罩鍍膜由於蒸鍍治具的關係，在球罩邊緣 鍵膜的厚度不很均勻有時呈現高透明度，破壞隱藏效果。如有需求可 在球罩内罩面再鍍一層厚鋁膜作成最低或是〇%的透光率，避免透射光 進入球罩内。 第二款是，以透明壓克力PMMA射出成型的透明球罩，先鍵以二氧 化鈦（Ti〇2)與二氧化矽（31〇2)二種材料交替蒸鍍12層完成透明的球 15 M326651 罩然後再鍍鋁A1薄膜成為一部份半透明的球罩。此球罩外罩面對人的 眼睛正視而言，所呈現的顏色比第一款更亮麗。 第一款與第二款採用的PC (P〇lycarb〇nate)聚碳酸酯樹脂如以 透明壓克力PMMA也有相同效果，這pC與PMMA俗稱的透明樹脂。 . 第二款是，以透明樹脂參入色母粒（例如透明黑色、黃色、紅色） 攪拌後再射出成型的有色透明球罩，然後再以二氧化鈦（了丨〇2)與二氧 化發（Si〇2)二種材料交替蒸鍵12層，最後完成一有色半透明的球 •罩。此球罩外罩面對人的眼睛正視而言與第一款差不了多少。但是， 球罩内罩面的反射率比較小一點。 第四款是，是將第一款的成品球罩，將球罩内罩面再鍍一層 氟化鎂（MgF〇作為抗反射膜。但是，抗反射膜抗反射的效果不是很滿 意’主要是金屬薄膜（鉻Cr)的反射使抗反射膜效果打折扣。 第五款是，是將第四款的金屬薄膜改用像第三款的透明黑色母， 結果使抗反射膜效果大增（因為金屬薄膜的反射比透明!I色母大 •)。 • 第四款與第五款加了抗反射膜使安裝本裝置更容易（減少處理重 疊鬼影的問題），卻增加了不少製作成本。 以上五款球罩事先均設計成15% ± 3%的透光率。 在一個有兩支40W日光燈的實驗室，測出照度約為280Lux,以15% 的透光率約有42Lux (280Lux*0· 15)照度的入射光進入球罩η内置 的彩色攝影機12鏡頭121，彩色攝影機12的影像感測器可感應的是 16 M326651 1 Lux ’所以彩色攝影機12可以攝取到可見光的彩色影像，實驗 在照像由彩色轉成黑白，有雪花斑點品質不好。’ 涉色彩趨树色/卜罩酬會產絲色肝涉色彩。在财不足時干 、/,二膜球革攝影裝置的「多彩」，主要是區分先前技術所提及 的單色I色）。如圖一所示，球罩11也有黃綠色和藍色等可稱為多M326651 VIII. New description: [New technical field] The present invention relates to a dome type camera device, and more particularly to a device for providing a color camera in a translucent dome and a dome of a multi-layer film, especially in reflection Colorful interference light ball cover and non-reflective photographic imaging. M326651 [Prior Art] At present, various ball cover cameras (D_Ca_)' exhibited at the International Safety Monitors Exhibition are mostly made of a transparent plastic (for example, fixed (4) (FixedD_c_(4) or electric (_ra). Pc) ball cover protection camera. Among them, the US and Japan (such as Pelc〇, T〇A) advanced products have a colorless transparent dome that uses a permeable film, which is mainly used to increase the transmittance of incident light. Up to 98%) Under the special circumstances, it is necessary to hide the dome cover. In the special case, it is usually a monochrome dome with a translucent light-colored brown color. The inner surface of the dome is rendered black like no reflected light or other transmitted light, and the camera inside the dome can be hidden. However, for example, when the wall-mounted dome camera is mounted on a white wall, it is easy to see through the monochrome dome. The reflection of the white wall is thus perceived to hide the camera inside the dome. M326651 [New content] The problem to be solved in this creation·· The dome camera is changed from monochrome to colorful (multiple colors) And the reflective effect that can avoid affecting the image quality. _ The technical solutions adopted by this creation are: This multi-layer optical coating ball cover is a colored transparent ball cover which is formed by transparent resin substrate into transparent black matrix injection molding. Then, a multi-layer oxide film is formed on the film; or a colorless ball cover which is formed by a transparent resin-based substrate is further coated with a multilayer oxide film and a metal film to form a multi-layer optically coated translucent dome. It has a black dome, except that it can be made translucent, mainly by plating an anti-reflection film on the inner surface of the dome to obtain a better effect than the metallized film. The metal film has high reflection (light transmittance) on the incident light. The thickness of the multilayer oxide film is in the nanometer range (for example, 3 〇 to 8 〇 nm), and there is no scattering of incident visible light. The incident light passes through the coating to cause destructive optical interference, which makes the observer different from the appearance of the dome. Angle to see the interference color of different reflections. The color camera's lens is transparent to the translucent metal film, so that the transmitted visible light can be ingested. Color image. Add an opaque bottom plate, mainly fixed ball cover support device, opaque bottom plate isolates incident light and the inner surface of the bottom plate is coated with a rough black surface to prevent reflection of the transmitted light of the dome cover. Its main features are: different appearance of the dome cover The angle shows the interference color of different reflections, and the camera inside the dome can capture the image quality without reflection effect. 7 M326651 The technical solution and the technical effect of the feature ·· One of the effects of this new model, a color built in the colorful dome The camera can achieve the function of protecting and decorating the hidden color camera. The second effect of the new model is that the colorful ball cover can reflect a large amount of colorful light, and it can match the decoration of other indoor and outdoor decoration. Because there is a built-in color camera. It can transmit images to the remote image display to display the function of monitoring or video surveillance. For the public security protection field after the 9/11 incident in the United States, it is found that the added value of the application of the device is hidden in the anti-terrorism prevention and public security work (avoiding People deliberately destroy) will be more extensive Practical space. In recent years, there have been many supermarkets and other stores that are rushing to sell, public-sales in public places with bad public security, or evil spirits in the home community. They have a certain degree of anti-theft photography and environmental monitoring. [Embodiment] M326651 Please refer to FIG. 1 for a schematic diagram of the implementation of the device. Figure 1 includes a colorful coated dome 11 , a color camera 12 , an opaque bottom plate 13 〇 a colorful forged film dome 11 (hereinafter referred to as the dome 11 for convenience) is a hemispherical ball. The cover 'ball cover 11 appearance is A bright mirror with a large amount of reflection, showing different colors at different angles. • If the ball is viewed from the front of the dome 11, the center of the dome 11 is a dark yellow gradually colored circle. The lighter the yellower the outer periphery. The periphery of the center of the circle is dark blue, and the periphery of the edge is • light blue. These colors can be yellow, red and blue, etc., and are optical interference colors after coating. This optical interference color is different from the absorption color to be incorporated into the toner. The dome 11 is made of transparent PC (Polycarbonate) polycarbonate resin plastic sheet. The surface quality of the PC must be strict. Try not to have any defects such as streaks, pores, whitening, halo, black spots, discoloration, poor gloss, etc. Affects imaging quality. Made to a thickness of about 3 _. The light transmittance of the dome 11 is controlled to be about 15%. In the color camera 12, in recent years, the image sensor of the newly produced color camera is more sensitive to the illuminance of the sensitized light. In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the 〇本8〇町物光光芯片 is about lLux. The color camera 12 lens 121 faces the dome u, so that the light transmitted through the dome u can enter the lens 121 for imaging. The opaque bottom plate 13' has a primary function of supporting and isolating light and preventing reflection. As shown in Fig. 1, the body of the dome 11 and the color camera 12 is fixed to the opaque substrate 13 by a support frame 132. The main body of the device is opaquely fixed to the opaque bottom plate 13 of the roof or the tread wall M326651 by a fixing frame, and mainly blocks the incident light not from the dome u to prevent the background light of the dome 11 from being transparent, thereby exposing the color camera 12. position. When the opaque substrate 13 is actually implemented, sometimes the light transmitted through the dome u is reflected on the surface of the opaque substrate 13, and the reflected light enters the lens 121 of the color camera 12, causing so-called overlapping ghosts to affect the image quality. In order to avoid or reduce the reflected light which causes ghosting, the embodiment is solved in two ways: The first one is to 'place the color camera 12 lens 121 as close as possible to the cover of the dome n, if the dome 11 covers the circle When the angle of the curved surface is too large to allow some of the gaps to be transparent, a suitable black rubber tube is placed around the lens 121 of the color camera 12 to be close to the cover of the dome 11, so that the light transmitted through the dome 11 is even on the opaque bottom plate 13. Reflected on the board surface, this reflection does not easily enter the color camera 12 lens 121 causing overlapping ghosts. The solution to the first one above is relatively simple. However, the light transmitted through the dome 11 is reflected on the surface of the opaque substrate 13, and although the reflected light does not easily enter the lens 121' of the color camera 12, it will transmit the cover of the dome 11 again, allowing the observer outside the dome 11 to see. Reflecting into the dome I], the loss of the device has a hidden function. In order to reduce and avoid reflection of the surface of the opaque bottom plate 13, a black matte (non-glossy surface) lacquer may be sprayed on the surface of the bottom plate 13 so that the surface of the rough bottom plate 13 absorbs and scatters the reflected light. The second type is that the cover 11 is coated with an anti-reflection film. That is, the outer surface of the dome cover 11 has a reflective film, and the inner surface of the dome cover 11 is coated with an anti-reflection film. The outer surface of the dome cover 11 is coated with a reflective film for increasing the light incident on the dome cover 11 to cause a large amount of light to be reflected by the M326651, which is relatively expensive to manufacture. The inside of the dome 11 may have an anti-reflection film for reducing the reflection of the light transmitted through the dome 11 to the lens 121 of the color camera 12. The holder 131 in the figure is a threaded lockable hollow steel tube 1311, and the power source and signal line of the color camera 12 can be led out by the hollow portion. • The edge of the dome of the dome and the edge of the opaque base 13 are secured by a black rubber ring 133 and are also waterproof. ❿ The general working procedure of the anti-reflective film and the reflective film, that is, the optical thin films and the optical film, is simplified as follows: the PC substrate is washed with an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and the rear is washed. The upper clamp is sent to the coating machine to start heating and vacuuming. Since the film is made to have high purity, the coating process is completed under a high vacuum environment. After the high vacuum is reached, the coating is started. In the case of coating, the bonding material is changed to an ionic state by electron gun or resistive heating, and the recording time varies depending on the number of layers and the program. After the bond film is completed, it is taken out after the temperature is cooled. The coated PC plastic sheet is generally called an optical interference filter because of its function of interfering with light and passing certain wavelengths. Optical film, this is the main thin wire in the field including anti-anti-, reflective film, polarizing film, interference filter and beam splitter. The main contents are as follows: optical properties, mechanical properties of films and other qualitative studies; film length, film structure and their effects on film properties; design, preparation and performance testing of optical film components . Anti-reflective film, also known as anti-reflection film, its main function is to reduce or eliminate the reflected light of the substrate optical surface M326651, thereby increasing the light transmission of these substrates, reducing or eliminating the stray light of the system. Since any object reflects light, the substrate of a colorless transparent resin is no exception, the difference is whether the angle of the light will form a reflection. Please refer to Figure 2 for the relationship between film reflectance and optical thickness. When the light is perpendicularly incident on the monolayer film, and the optical thickness is / (2 /2), 〇, (3h/2)···, the reflection intensity of the film is constant for the wavelength; if the optical thickness is (;u/4), (3 λ./4), (5 λ./4)..., the reflectance will be the maximum or minimum value, and its value depends on whether the refractive index η of the _ film is larger or smaller than the substrate. When the refractive index m is η >, the reflectance is a maximum value, and when η < m, the reflectance is a minimum value, as shown in FIG. It can be seen from the above that a film with a thickness of one quarter wavelength and a low refractive index can be used as an anti-reflection film to reduce the surface reflectance, for example, a single layer of barium fluoride on the surface of the glass (MgF2, /7). = 1· 38), which is an anti-reflection film of a simple structure. In contrast, if the material has a sufficiently high refractive index on the glass surface, it will greatly increase the reflectivity of the glass surface. The single-layer film has a titania (10) 2 , 10,000 = 2·2), and the reflectance is about 30%. A thin film with a lower refractive index on the surface of an optical grade PC board. When the refractive index of the film is lower than the refractive index of PC (1.587), if the optical thickness of the film is four-quarters of a certain wavelength, the optical path difference between two adjacent beams is exactly the same, that is, the vibration direction is opposite, superimposing The optical surface reduces the reflected light of the wavelength. The refractive index of the film is appropriately selected, and the reflected light of the optical surface can be almost completely eliminated. Simply put, the physical properties of light are determined by the amplitude and the wavelength. The amplitude determines the intensity of the light. The wavelength is _color_features and species^ in other words, the difference in amplitude, 12 M326651 gives the difference between light and dark; and the difference in wavelength Give the difference in hue. A reflective film whose function is to increase the reflectivity of an optical surface. Generally, it can be divided into two categories, one is a metal reflective film, and the other is an all-dielectric reflective film. In addition, there is a metal dielectric reflective film that combines the two. Generally, metals (such as aluminum) have a large extinction coefficient. When a beam is incident on a metal surface by air, the amplitude of light entering the interior of the metal is rapidly attenuated, so that the amount of light entering the interior of the metal is correspondingly reduced, and the amount of reflected light is increased. The larger the extinction coefficient, the faster the attenuation of the light amplitude, and the less light energy entering the metal interior, the higher the reflectivity. Merchants always choose those metals with large extinction coefficients and stable optical properties as metallized film materials. For example, the metal film materials commonly used in the ultraviolet region are Ming, silver and silver are commonly used in the visible region, and gold, silver and copper are commonly used in the infrared region. In addition, chromium and Ming are often used as special mineral film materials. Since the Ming, silver, and copper materials are easily oxidized in the two gases to lower the performance, they must be protected by a dielectric film. For example, in this embodiment, the aluminum film is protected by cerium oxide (Si〇2). The advantages of the metal (e.g., IS) reflective film are S, which has a wide operating wavelength range; the disadvantage is that the optical loss is large and the reflectance is not high. In order to further increase the reflectance of the metal reflective film, a dielectric layer of a predetermined thickness may be applied to the outside of the surface to form a metal dielectric reflective film. It should be noted that the reverse side of the metal dielectric increases the reflectivity of a certain wavelength (or a certain wave region), and the alkali destroys the lion of the metal financial reflection. The all-dielectric reflective film is built on the basis of multi-beam dry #. In contrast to antireflection films, the reflectivity of the optical surface can be increased by the fact that the chain-layer refractive index on the optical surface is higher than that of the substrate. The simplest multilayer reflective film is made by alternately steaming two materials of high and low refractive index into 13 M326651. For example, the outer cover of the dome η shown in Fig. 1 is alternately vapor-deposited with 12 layers of titanium dioxide (Ti〇2, Λ == 2.2) and cerium oxide (Si〇2). If the dome coating of the colorless transparent resin is completed, the entire dome seems to be transparent too. To be coated with aluminum, the coating interference color is displayed. If the coating of the colored transparent resin is completed, the coating interference color can be displayed to a limited extent. The optical thickness of each film is one quarter of a certain wavelength. Under these conditions, the reflected light vectors on the various faces of the spring superposition are in the same direction of vibration. The resultant amplitude increases as the number of layers of the film increases. It has been said that the coating layer on the surface of the dome 11 itself is colorless and transparent. Only the light that has not passed through the dome 11 will be reflected back to form a visible reflection of the human eye 24. The more light that passes through the dome 11, the weaker the reflection. It has strong reflections on various rays in the spectrum, so the combined color of reflection is white. The single-layer coating has a weaker surface reflection, which greatly increases the yellow-green light in the middle of the spectrum. • The transmittance is only reflected by the red and blue light at both ends of the spectrum, so the reflection is generally pale blue • purple, and the single coating is only for a single wavelength. The light is completely effective. Multilayer films are usually plated for interference with other wavelengths. Due to the rapid development of optical thin film technology, the research of optical thin films has lecended into the optical category and become an edge discipline of physics, chemistry, solids and surface physics. Many new materials, new patented technologies and new equipment are constantly coming out. So far, the difficulty of optical film fabrication has rarely appeared in the design. As long as the characteristics are reasonable, the applicable multilayer film structure can always be designed. The key problem is the improvement of the film plating process, how to accurately control each layer. 14 M326651 =! rate 'to obtain the desired optical properties and mechanical properties, even to consider the production of the hope, the reduction of the 'other, such as the development of film materials, the development of advanced surface technology and phase of Jing, 胄 编 靖 _ Question. The creation of devices 逆 in the field of rapid development, focusing on the application field of photographic imaging improvements, does not involve the process of film bonding and the existing patented mineral film technology. Therefore, it does not affect the spirit and patentability of the creation of this device. The ball cover U mentioned above was produced by the creator of the _ some optical film electric mine. In order to facilitate the trial and implementation of the pure placement, the concept of the concept is commissioned by the Weishang system to make a number of single-ball covers U, which cites the need for different environments and different costs. The first-disintegrated, transparent transparent spherical cover is formed by transparent PC (P〇lyCarb〇nate) polycarbonate resin, and the first plated-chrome-tanned film is turned into a light-colored brown (translucent) dome, and then oxidized. Titanium (Ti〇2) and dioxide (she) two materials alternately vaporized η layer finish - brown semi-transparent _ ball cover. In the face of the human eye, the dome cover has a yellow-green gradient in the center of the dome, and then gradually approaches the edge of the dome. The first one is because the thickness of the dome film on the edge of the dome is not uniform due to the vapor deposition fixture in the hemispherical dome coating, sometimes showing high transparency and destroying the hidden effect. If necessary, a thick aluminum film can be applied to the inner surface of the dome to achieve a minimum or 〇% transmittance to prevent transmitted light from entering the dome. The second part is a transparent spherical cover which is formed by transparent acrylic PMMA. The first key is alternately vapor-deposited with titanium dioxide (Ti〇2) and cerium oxide (31〇2) to form a transparent ball. 15 M326651 The cover is then aluminized with an A1 film to form a partially translucent dome. The dome cover is more beautiful than the first one in terms of the human eye. The PC (P〇lycarb〇nate) polycarbonate resin used in the first and second models has the same effect as the transparent acrylic PMMA, which is commonly known as the transparent resin of PMMA. The second part is to use a transparent resin to be incorporated into the masterbatch (for example, transparent black, yellow, and red), and then spray the formed colored transparent dome, and then use titanium dioxide (丨〇2) and dioxide (Si). 〇 2) The two materials are alternately steamed with 12 layers, and finally a colored translucent ball cover is completed. This dome cover is not much different from the first paragraph in facing the human eye. However, the reflectance of the inner cover of the dome is relatively small. The fourth paragraph is that the first finished ball cover will be coated with a layer of magnesium fluoride (MgF 〇 as an anti-reflection film. However, the anti-reflection effect of the anti-reflection film is not very satisfactory 'mainly The reflection of the metal film (chromium Cr) makes the anti-reflection film effect less. The fifth is to change the fourth metal film to a transparent black mother like the third one. As a result, the effect of the anti-reflection film is greatly increased (because of the metal). The reflection ratio of the film is transparent! I color master size •) • The fourth and fifth models have an anti-reflection film to make it easier to install the device (reducing the problem of overlapping ghosts), but it adds a lot of production costs. The above five ball covers are designed to have a light transmission of 15% ± 3% in advance. In a laboratory with two 40W fluorescent lamps, the measured illuminance is about 280Lux, and the light transmittance is about 42Lux (280Lux*) at 15%. 0· 15) The incident light of the illuminance enters the color camera 12 lens 121 built in the dome η, and the image sensor of the color camera 12 can sense 16 M326651 1 Lux 'so the color camera 12 can capture the color image of visible light, experiment In the photo from color to black and white, there is The quality of the snowflake spots is not good. 'The color is related to the color of the tree / the shade will be produced in the color of the liver. In the case of insufficient money, the "colorful" of the two-film leather photography device is mainly based on the prior art. And the monochrome I color). As shown in Figure 1, the dome 11 also has yellow-green and blue colors, etc.
17 M326651 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為本裝置實施示意圖。 圖二為薄膜反射率與光學厚度的變化關係圖。 18 M326651 【主要元件符號說明】 η锻膜的折射率 Μ膜層厚度 m基板的折射率 λ 〇波長 R反射率 11多彩鍍膜球罩 • 12彩色攝影機 121彩色攝影機鏡頭 13不透明底板 131固定架 133黑色橡膠圓圈 1311中空鋼管17 M326651 [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the device. Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the reflectance of the film and the optical thickness. 18 M326651 [Description of main component symbols] Refractive index of η forged film Thickness of Μ film layer m Refractive index of substrate λ 〇 Wavelength R reflectivity 11 colorful coated dome cover 12 color camera 121 color camera lens 13 opaque bottom plate 131 holder 133 black Rubber circle 1311 hollow steel pipe