M241860 捌、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本新型是有關於一種串聯彳奋雷 甲邮式充電斋，特別是一種每隔 一段時間可自動偵測飽和電壓之串聯式充電器。 5 【先前技術】 目前的定電流充電器大都採用並聯方式，由於豆輸出 的充電電流的電流值為一定值，所以若同時對多個電池充 電時，因為充電電流並聯分流的關係，致使每個電池分配 到的電流量變小。例如，若是充電器的輸出充電電流為 10 2·2Α，貝情二個電池同時充電日夺，則每-電池所所分配到的 電流量僅有1.1Α。因此在對多個電池充電時，由於電流量 的差異，電池的充電過程的變化會與原本單一電池充電時 不同，致使充電器難以掌握不同數量之電池時的充電變化 ，而且由於每一個電池的充電時間大致等於電池容量（例如 15 200〜600mAh)除以充電電流量，所以隨著電流量的降低，备 使每一個電池的充電時間大幅增加。倘若，讓充電器輪出 的定電流隨電池數量增加而倍增時，會讓充電器内部元件 複雜化且成本大幅增加，而且隨電流值增加，使得充電時 的溫度亦會隨之攀高，使得充電器與電池容易因此增高之 2〇 溫度（如55°C)而毀壞。 因而，目前並聯式充電器採用依序充電方式來解決前 述問題。如圖1所示，係於中華民國第89125948號之專利 案所揭露的一種習知並聯式充電器。此並聯式充電器1主 要包含一電源電路11、一充電控制電路12及複數開關13。 M241860 電源電路π可受充電控制電路12之控制將外部電源轉換為 一定電流輸出。這些開關13為常開開關（即平時為開路）。 如此’當充電時’充電控制電路12可依序控制這些開關13 中的一個依序開啟（即閉合），使定電流僅流經單一電池14， 5 讓這些電池14可以定電流依序充電。 然而，由於並聯式充電器丨係依序對這些電池14充電 而非同時，因而隨著電池14數目增加而讓充電時間隨之增 加，例如原本並聯式充電器丨對單一電池14充電約需2個 小日守，若品同時對四個電池14充電時，則所需之充電時間儀· 10 可能高達7〜8小時，而對使用者造成不便。 因此，目前又有如圖2之一種習知串聯式充電器2。串 聯式充電器2包含一輸出定電流之電源電路2丨，及與電源 電路21串接之複數組串聯之電性接點組22，以供導接電池 23。由於採用串聯的設計，所以充電時，各電池23皆接收 15 到自電源電路21所輸出之定電流而可同時接收定電流來進 行充電，因而不會隨電池23數量的增加使充電時間增加。 如此，相較於並聯式充電器i隨電池14數目增多使總充電· 牯間變長之缺點，串聯式充電器2有無論電池23數量的多 寡充電時間大致相同之優點。然而，串聯式充電器2是讓 20 所有電池23流入相同之定電流，各電池23之情況可能有: 所不同，例如殘留容量不同或電流容量不同（如 200〜60〇mAh)等等，串聯式充電器2對所有電池23進行充 電時，可能會發生部分電池23過度充電，部分電池23無 法充滿電之情況，難以針對每個電池23不同的情況給予適 M241860 當的充電。 【新型内容】 因此，本新型之目的是提供一種可偵測各電池之電壓 值以決定疋否充電之串聯式充電器，以達到可針對各電池 之情況予以適當的充電之功效。 於是’本新型之串聯式電池可使用一外部電源對複數 電池進行充電，該串聯式充電器包含一本體與一控制電路 ;其中’該本體設有複數個電池座，可分別容置一電池， 各電池座中設有一正極及一負極；以及該控制電路具有一 10 轉換該外部電源為一定電流輸出之電源電路、一接觸電路 、複數開關與一控制器； 15 該接觸電路與該電源電路電性導通，具有分別對應每 -電池座JL、負極並與《電性連接之複數電性接點組，各 該電性接點組串聯地電性連接，並分別具有一正極接點及 一負極接點；各該開關分別與一電性接點組並聯；及 战役刺裔係與該電源電路及接觸電路電性導通，可 制該電源電路之供電、該等開關之啟閉，及㈣各該電 接點組中與該電池座之正極對應之正極接點電壓； 20 其中’該控制器可控制該電源電路供電將該等開關 啟，使該定電流經該接觸電路流經該等電池，以進行充 ’而於充電過程中，該控制器會定時執行一電壓檢測程 ’於該電壓檢測程料，該控制器會依序開啟該等開關 :之- ’以分別量測各該電池之電壓值，且一旦該電池) 量得之電職不低於—鮮電壓值時，該㈣器終止對， 7 M241860 電池充電。 【實施方式】 有關本新型之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚 的明白。 如圖3、4所示，本新型之串聯式充電器具有一本體3 及一控制電路5，本體3上設置有複數電池座31，在本較 佳實施例之電池座31數目為二，每一電池座31設有一正 極導片311(指正極）及一負極導片312(指負極），電池座31 内部形成一空間以放置電池4,當放入電池4時，電池4之 正、負兩端分別與正極導片311、負極導片312相導通。 本例之控制電路5具有一電源電路51、一接觸電路52 、兩開關53a、53b及一控制器54。電源電路51主要功能 為轉換輸入的外部交流電壓以變壓器降壓並進行整流，且 令整流過的直流穩定，最後輸出一定電流（如143匀給各電 池4。接觸電路52與該電源電路51電性導通，具有兩分別 對應每-電池座31正、㈣311、312並與其電性連接之電 性接點組521，各電性接點組521相互串聯地電性連接，並 分別具有一正極接點5211與一負極接點5212分別與電池座 31之正極導片311及負極導片312相連接。每一開關Η。 53b分別與對應之電性接點㉞521 1聯。在本較佳實施例中 ，開關53a、53b^ FET或電晶體等半導體開關元件。控 制器54與電源電路51及開關^、饥電性導通，以控^ 電源電路51之供電與否與開關53a、53b之啟閉。控制器 8 M241860 54更導接各電性接點組521之正極接點52U，以量測正極 接點5211電壓值（容後再述）。 另外’本新型串聯式充電器更包含兩個二極體55，各 一極體55之N極導接在各正極接點52丨丨與p極係導接於 5 開關53a、53b之一端，以避免單一電池4之反向放電電流 影響其它電池4之充電效能。 在下文中將依前所述之構件與元件關係來描述本例之 串聯式充電器之充電流程。在此先假設有兩電池乜、仆已 分別置入電池座31内，特別說明的是，當電池4數目增加 1〇 時，本新型功效不會受到影響。首先，控制器54會先控制 電源電路51供電並將所有開關53a、5扑開啟（開路），使定 電流經接觸電路52流入所有電池4a、4b來進行充電。 為了能針對各電池4a、4b不同的情況來作充電，因而 在充電過程中需時時量測各電池4a、4b之目前電壓值，以 15 供控制器54判斷處理，例如判斷此電池4a、4b是否已充飽 或者是否可停止充電。然而，由於這些電池如、仆透過接 觸電路52而為串接，倘若直接量測各正極接點52ιι之電壓 ，則此電池4a或4b之電壓值可能會因其他電池仆或乜存 在干擾而不精準。所以，本例之充電過程中，控制器W每 2〇 隔一段時間會執行一電屢檢測程序，在本較佳實施例之時 間間隔為5ms，於電a檢測程序中，由控制器54依序控制 這些開關53a、53b中的一個…或別開啟而剩餘開關 53b 53a關閉。詳細來說，如圖5，首先令開關…開啟， 另一開關53b關閉（即短路），使定電流僅流經與開關…並 9 M241860 聯之電池4a，不會經與開關53b並聯之另一電池4b而是直 接經開關53b而接地，使另一電池4b的存在不會影響電壓 值的量測。如此，控制器54可量測與電池4a之正極相接而 為同電壓之正極接點5211，以獲得較正確之電池4a電壓值 •’當控制器54已量測到電池4a之電壓值時，繼而控制開關 53a關閉與開關53b開啟，以令定電流流經開關53a與電池 4b，而可藉由量測與電池仆之正極相接之正極接點52u來 獲得電池4b之電壓。控制器54量測到各電池4a、4b之電 壓（即元成電壓檢測程序）後，即會依照所量測到電壓是否仍 低於電池4a、4b之飽和電壓來決定是否繼續充電。詳細來 說，若電池4a、4b之電壓值小於飽和電壓時，控制器54繼 而控制開關53a、53b開啟，以使兩電池4a、4b繼續充電； 反之，若其中一電池如或4b之電壓已達到飽和電壓時，則 會令開關53a或53b關閉，使定電流僅對剩餘未充飽之電池 4b或4a充電，而不再對電池4a或4b充電。如此，控制器 54每隔一段時間對各電池4a、4b進行偵測是否其電壓是否 飽和，-旦其中-電池4a、4b所量得之電壓值不低於其飽 和電壓值時，控制器54利用關閉對應之開關53a、53b，以 終止對電>也4a、4b進行充電，進而可有效避免過度充電與 無法充滿電之情況發生。再者，在本例中，當電池^、扑 已充滿電時，控制器54可以微小電流對已充滿電之電池鈍 、朴進行、;|流充電⑻灿Charge)，以避免已充滿電之電池 4a、4b因未充電而放電。 另外’控制器54 φ可在充電時進行一電流檢測程序，M241860 新型 Description of new models: [Technical field to which the new models belong] This new model relates to a series of Fen Lei Jia-mail chargers, especially a series charger that can automatically detect the saturation voltage at regular intervals. 5 [Prior art] Most current constant current chargers are connected in parallel. Because the current value of the charging current output by the bean is a certain value, when charging multiple batteries at the same time, the charging current is shunted in parallel, which causes each The amount of current distributed by the battery becomes smaller. For example, if the output current of the charger is 10 2 · 2A, and the two batteries are charged at the same time, the amount of current allocated to each battery is only 1.1A. Therefore, when charging multiple batteries, due to the difference in the amount of current, the charging process of the battery changes differently than when the single battery was originally charged, making it difficult for the charger to grasp the charging changes when different numbers of batteries are charged. The charging time is approximately equal to the battery capacity (for example, 15 200 ~ 600mAh) divided by the amount of charging current, so as the amount of current decreases, the charging time of each battery is increased significantly. If the constant current of the charger wheel is doubled with the increase in the number of batteries, it will complicate the internal components of the charger and increase the cost significantly, and as the current value increases, the temperature during charging will also rise, making charging The battery and the battery are easily damaged due to the increased 20 ° C temperature (for example, 55 ° C). Therefore, the parallel charger currently adopts a sequential charging method to solve the aforementioned problems. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a conventional parallel charger disclosed in Patent No. 89125948 of the Republic of China. The parallel charger 1 mainly includes a power circuit 11, a charge control circuit 12, and a plurality of switches 13. The M241860 power circuit π can be controlled by the charging control circuit 12 to convert the external power into a certain current output. These switches 13 are normally open switches (that is, they are normally open). In this way, “while charging”, the charging control circuit 12 can sequentially control one of the switches 13 to be sequentially opened (ie, closed), so that a constant current flows through only a single battery 14, 5 so that the batteries 14 can be sequentially charged at a constant current. However, because the parallel chargers 丨 charge these batteries 14 in sequence rather than at the same time, the charging time increases as the number of batteries 14 increases. For example, the original parallel charger 丨 takes about 2 to charge a single battery 14 A small day watch, if the product charges four batteries 14 at the same time, the required charging time meter 10 may be as high as 7 ~ 8 hours, which causes inconvenience to the user. Therefore, there is a conventional series charger 2 as shown in FIG. 2. The tandem charger 2 includes a power supply circuit 2 丨 for outputting a constant current, and an electrical contact group 22 connected in series with a plurality of arrays connected in series to the power circuit 21 for connecting the battery 23. Due to the serial design, each battery 23 receives a constant current from 15 to the power circuit 21 during charging, and can simultaneously receive a constant current for charging. Therefore, the charging time does not increase with the increase in the number of batteries 23. In this way, compared with the disadvantage that the parallel charger i increases the total charge and battery length with the increase in the number of batteries 14, the series charger 2 has the advantage of substantially the same charging time regardless of the number of batteries 23. However, the series charger 2 allows all the batteries 23 to flow into the same constant current. The situation of each battery 23 may be different: for example, different residual capacity or different current capacity (such as 200 ~ 60mAh), etc., connected in series When the charger 2 is used to charge all the batteries 23, some of the batteries 23 may be overcharged, and some of the batteries 23 may not be fully charged. It is difficult to properly charge M241860 for different situations of each battery 23. [New content] Therefore, the purpose of this new model is to provide a series charger that can detect the voltage value of each battery to decide whether to charge it or not, so as to achieve the effect of appropriate charging according to the conditions of each battery. So 'the new series battery can use an external power source to charge multiple batteries, the series charger includes a body and a control circuit; where' the body is provided with a plurality of battery holders, each of which can accommodate a battery, Each battery holder is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode; and the control circuit has a power circuit, a contact circuit, a plurality of switches, and a controller that convert the external power to a certain current output; 15 the contact circuit and the power circuit It is sexually conductive and has a plurality of electrical contact groups corresponding to each of the battery holder JL and the negative electrode and electrically connected to each of the electrical contact groups. Each of the electrical contact groups is electrically connected in series and has a positive contact and a negative respectively. Each of the switches is connected in parallel with an electrical contact group; and the campaign sire is electrically connected to the power circuit and the contact circuit, which can control the power supply of the power circuit, the opening and closing of the switches, and each The positive contact voltage in the electrical contact group corresponding to the positive electrode of the battery holder; 20 Among them, 'the controller can control the power circuit to supply power to turn on these switches, so that the constant current passes through The contact circuit flows through the batteries for charging. During the charging process, the controller will periodically perform a voltage detection process. At the voltage detection process, the controller will sequentially turn on the switches: of-' The voltage value of each battery is measured separately, and once the battery voltage is not lower than the fresh voltage value, the device terminates the pairing, and the 7 M241860 battery is charged. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly understood in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the new series charger has a main body 3 and a control circuit 5. The main body 3 is provided with a plurality of battery holders 31. In the preferred embodiment, the number of battery holders 31 is two. The battery holder 31 is provided with a positive lead 311 (referring to the positive electrode) and a negative lead 312 (referring to the negative electrode). A space is formed inside the battery holder 31 to place the battery 4. When the battery 4 is inserted, the positive and negative sides of the battery 4 are two. The terminals are in electrical communication with the positive lead 311 and the negative lead 312, respectively. The control circuit 5 in this example has a power circuit 51, a contact circuit 52, two switches 53a, 53b, and a controller 54. The main function of the power circuit 51 is to convert the input external AC voltage to step down and rectify the transformer, stabilize the rectified DC, and finally output a certain current (such as 143 to each battery 4. The contact circuit 52 and the power circuit 51 are electrically connected. It is electrically conductive and has two electrical contact groups 521 corresponding to and electrically connected to each of the battery holder 31, 311, and 312, and each of the electrical contact groups 521 is electrically connected in series with each other, and each has a positive electrode connection. The point 5211 and a negative contact 5212 are respectively connected to the positive lead 311 and the negative lead 312 of the battery holder 31. Each switch Η. 53b is respectively connected to the corresponding electrical contact ㉞521 1. In this preferred embodiment, Switch 53a, 53b ^ FET or transistor and other semiconductor switching elements. The controller 54 is electrically connected to the power supply circuit 51 and the switch ^, to control the power supply of the power supply circuit 51 and the on / off of the switches 53a, 53b. The controller 8 M241860 54 is also connected to the positive contact 52U of each electrical contact group 521 to measure the voltage value of the positive contact 5211 (to be described later). In addition, the new series charger includes two Diode 55, one for each The N-pole lead of 55 is connected to each positive contact 52 丨 丨 and the p-pole lead is connected to one of the 5 switches 53a and 53b to prevent the reverse discharge current of a single battery 4 from affecting the charging performance of other batteries 4. The charging process of the series charger in this example is described according to the relationship between the components and components described above. It is assumed here that two batteries 乜 and 置 have been placed in the battery holder 31 respectively. In particular, when the number of batteries 4 When it is increased by 10, the effect of the new model will not be affected. First, the controller 54 will first control the power supply of the power supply circuit 51 and turn on all the switches 53a and 5 (open circuit), so that a constant current flows into all the batteries 4a through the contact circuit 52, 4b for charging. In order to be able to charge according to the different conditions of each battery 4a, 4b, it takes time to measure the current voltage value of each battery 4a, 4b during the charging process, and 15 is used for the controller 54 to judge and process, such as Determine whether the batteries 4a, 4b are fully charged or can be stopped. However, since these batteries are connected in series through the contact circuit 52, if the voltage of each of the positive contacts 52m is directly measured, this battery 4a Or the voltage value of 4b may be inaccurate due to the interference of other battery or batteries. Therefore, in the charging process of this example, the controller W will perform a repeated test procedure every 20 minutes. In this preferred implementation, For example, the time interval is 5ms. In the electrical a detection program, the controller 54 controls one of these switches 53a, 53b in sequence ... or do not turn on and the remaining switches 53b 53a are turned off. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5, first let The switch ... is turned on, and the other switch 53b is turned off (ie short-circuited), so that the constant current only flows through the battery 4a connected to the switch ... and 9 M241860, and will not pass through another battery 4b connected in parallel with the switch 53b, but directly through the switch 53b. Ground it so that the presence of another battery 4b will not affect the measurement of the voltage value. In this way, the controller 54 can measure the positive contact 5211 connected to the positive electrode of the battery 4a to the same voltage to obtain a more accurate voltage value of the battery 4a. • When the controller 54 has measured the voltage value of the battery 4a Then, the switch 53a is turned off and the switch 53b is controlled to make a constant current flow through the switch 53a and the battery 4b, and the voltage of the battery 4b can be obtained by measuring the positive contact 52u connected to the positive electrode of the battery. After the controller 54 measures the voltages of the batteries 4a and 4b (ie, the element voltage detection program), it will decide whether to continue charging according to whether the measured voltage is still lower than the saturation voltage of the batteries 4a and 4b. In detail, if the voltage value of the batteries 4a, 4b is less than the saturation voltage, the controller 54 then controls the switches 53a, 53b to turn on, so that the two batteries 4a, 4b continue to be charged; otherwise, if the voltage of one of the batteries such as or 4b has been When the saturation voltage is reached, the switch 53a or 53b will be turned off, so that the constant current only charges the remaining unsatisfied battery 4b or 4a, and no longer charges the battery 4a or 4b. In this way, the controller 54 detects whether the voltages of the batteries 4a and 4b are saturated at regular intervals. Once the voltage value measured by the batteries 4a and 4b is not lower than the saturated voltage value, the controller 54 By closing the corresponding switches 53a and 53b to terminate the charging of the batteries > also 4a and 4b, the situation of overcharging and failure to fully charge can be effectively avoided. Furthermore, in this example, when the battery is fully charged, the controller 54 can perform a dull and simple operation on a fully charged battery with a small current, so as to avoid a fully charged battery. The batteries 4a and 4b are discharged because they are not charged. In addition, the controller 54 φ can perform a current detection process during charging,
10 在本較佳實施例中，控制器54藉由__檢知電阻56來㈣ 接觸電路52中的電流值，並判斷量測到的電流值與定電流 相符’右不相符（即異常）時’代表檢測到的電流可能過大或 過小’意味著串聯式充電器之内部電路或電池^、仆可妒 損壞，所以控制器54會中止充電，以避免正常電池4二 因此毀壞。 歸納上述，由於本新型之串聯式充電器為串聯式設計 ，可同時讓所有電池4a、4h、、六）v上β ^ Λ ^ τ艰电心μ 4b流入相同之定電流，使得同時 充電多個電池4a、4b之時間約等於單一電池之充電時間， 不會因電池數目增加而使充電時間增加，相較於習知並聯 式充電器可有效縮短充電時間，以達到便於使用者使用之 功效。另外，本新型之控制電路5具有控㈣54可控制電 源電路51之供電，及複數與各電性接點組521並聯之開關 53a、53b ’控制器54並且可啟閉各開關53a、5扑以量測各 電池4a、4b之精準的電壓值，因此，當其中一電池乜、朴 之電壓值大於或等於電壓飽和值時，控制器54可即時關閉 電池4a、4b對應之開關53a、53b，以不再對電池如、仆 繼續充電，以保護電池4a、4b不至於過度充電。因而，本 新型除了有效縮短了充電時間，且更進—步利用開關53a、 53b與電壓檢測程序之定時執行，故確實可達到節省充電時 間及可依據各電池之情況充電之創作目的。 惟以上所述者，僅為本新型之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本新型實施之範圍，即大凡依本新型申請專利 範圍及新型說明書内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆10 In the preferred embodiment, the controller 54 uses the __ detection resistor 56 to contact the current value in the circuit 52, and judges that the measured current value is consistent with the constant current. The right does not match (that is, abnormal). The time 'represents that the detected current may be too large or too small' means that the internal circuit or battery of the series charger is damaged, so the controller 54 will stop charging to prevent the normal battery 42 from being destroyed. To sum up, because the new series charger is a series design, it can allow all batteries 4a, 4h, and 6) v ^^ Λ ^^ τ hard core μ 4b to flow into the same constant current at the same time. The time of each battery 4a, 4b is approximately equal to the charging time of a single battery. It will not increase the charging time due to the increase in the number of batteries. Compared with the conventional parallel charger, it can effectively reduce the charging time to achieve the convenience of the user. . In addition, the new control circuit 5 has a control 54 to control the power supply of the power supply circuit 51, and a plurality of switches 53a and 53b in parallel with each electrical contact group 521. The controller 54 can also open and close each of the switches 53a and 5. Measure the precise voltage value of each battery 4a, 4b. Therefore, when the voltage value of one of the batteries 乜 and Pu is greater than or equal to the voltage saturation value, the controller 54 can immediately close the switches 53a, 53b corresponding to the batteries 4a, 4b. In order to protect the batteries 4a and 4b from being overcharged, the batteries 4 and 4b are no longer charged. Therefore, in addition to effectively shortening the charging time, the new model further implements the timing execution of the switches 53a, 53b and the voltage detection program, so it can indeed achieve the creative goals of saving charging time and charging according to the conditions of each battery. However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited in this way, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the new application and the content of the new specification, all
11 M241860 應仍屬本新型專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【囷式簡單說明】 圖1是一示意圖，說明一習知並聯式充電器； 圖2是一示意圖，說明一習知串聯式充電器； 5 圖3是一示意圖，說明本新型串聯式充電器之較佳實 施例； 圖4是一示意圖，說明該較佳實施例之控制電路在一 充電狀態；以及 圖5是一示意圖，說明該較佳實施例之控制電路在一馨(I 10 電壓檢測程序。 12 M241860 【圖式之主要元件代表符號說明】11 M241860 should still be covered by this new patent. [Brief description of 囷 style] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional parallel charger; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional serial charger; 5 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the new series charger FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control circuit of the preferred embodiment in a charged state; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control circuit of the preferred embodiment at a voltage (I 10 voltage detection Program. 12 M241860 [Description of main symbols of diagrams]
3 本體 521 電性接點組 31 電池座 5211 正極接點 311 正極導片 5212 負極接點 312 負極導片 53a > 53b開關 4 - 4a 、4b電池 54 控制器 5 控制電路 55 二極體 51 電源電路 56 檢知電阻 52 接觸電路 133 Body 521 Electrical contact group 31 Battery holder 5211 Positive contact 311 Positive lead 5212 Negative contact 312 Negative lead 53a > 53b switch 4-4a, 4b battery 54 controller 5 control circuit 55 diode 51 power supply Circuit 56 Detection resistor 52 Contact circuit 13