TWI842873B - Electronic device, operating method thereof and wireless communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

An operating method of an electronic device including a plurality of panel antennas and storing information about a plurality of codebooks includes： determining at least one panel antenna among the plurality of panel antennas based on environmental information; receiving control information from a base station; and selecting an optimal codebook among the plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one panel antenna and the received control information.

Description

Electronic device, operation method thereof and wireless communication system

The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to beamforming based on an optimal codebook of an electronic device including multiple flat antennas in the wireless communication system. [CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS]

This application claims priority based on and based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0043303 filed on April 12, 2019, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0095171 filed on August 5, 2019, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

In recent years, there have been efforts to develop enhanced 5G communication systems or pre-5G communication systems to meet the increased demand for wireless data services due to the commercialization of fourth generation (4G) communication systems. Therefore, 5G communication systems or pre-5G communication systems are called beyond 4G network communication systems or post-long term evolution (LTE) systems.

To achieve high data transmission rates, 5G communication systems are implemented in ultra-high frequency (millimeter wave) bands (e.g., 60 GHz bands). In addition, to reduce path loss of electronic waves and increase the transmission distance of electronic waves in the ultra-high frequency bands of 5G communication systems, beamforming, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, digital beamforming, hybrid beamforming, and large antenna technology have been discussed.

The present disclosure provides an electronic device with multiple planar antennas for selecting an optimal codebook based on environmental information.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for operating an electronic device having multiple flat antennas and storing information about multiple codebooks is provided, the method comprising: determining at least one of the multiple flat antennas based on environmental information corresponding to one or more of the multiple flat antennas; receiving control information from a base station; and selecting the best codebook among the multiple codebooks based on the determined at least one flat antenna and the received control information.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a communication interface including a plurality of flat panel antennas; a memory storing information about a plurality of codebooks; and a controller configured to determine at least one of the plurality of flat panel antennas based on environmental information corresponding to one or more of the plurality of flat panel antennas, receive control information from a base station by using the communication interface, and select the best codebook among the plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one flat panel antenna and the received control information.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a base station configured to transmit control information to an electronic device; and the electronic device configured to: determine at least one of the plurality of flat panel antennas based on environmental information corresponding to one or more of the plurality of flat panel antennas, select an optimal codebook from a plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one flat panel antenna and the control information, and perform beamforming based on the selected optimal codebook, wherein the environmental information comprises at least one of temperature information, power consumption information, and channel status information of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, and wherein the control information comprises timing information about a time interval for transmitting a reference signal for beam scanning and beam-related configuration information.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory storing one or more instructions; and a processor configured to execute the one or more instructions to: determine at least one of the plurality of flat antennas based on information corresponding to one or more of the plurality of flat antennas; receive control information from a base station; and select an optimal codebook from a plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one flat antenna and the received control information.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

1 , according to an example embodiment, a base station 110 and an electronic device 120 are arranged in a wireless communication system 1. The base station 110 and the electronic device 120 may be shown as nodes using a radio frequency channel in the wireless communication system 1.

The base station 110 is a network infrastructure that provides wireless connectivity to the electronic device 120. The base station 110 may have a coverage area that is limited to a certain geographic area based on the distance at which signals can be transmitted. The base station 110 may be replaced by "access point (AP)", "eNodeB (eNB)", "5th generation (5G) node", "radio point" or other terms having technical equivalent meanings to a base station.

According to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the base station 110 may be connected to one or more transmission/reception points (TRPs). The base station 110 may transmit downlink signals to the electronic device 120 via the one or more TRPs, or receive uplink signals from the electronic device 120 via the one or more TRPs.

The electronic device 120 is a device used by a user and can communicate with the base station 110 via a radio frequency channel. The electronic device 120 can be replaced by "terminal", "user equipment (UE)", "mobile station", "subscriber station", "customer premises equipment (CPE)", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal", "user device" or other terms with equivalent technical meanings to the electronic device.

The base station 110 and the electronic device 120 may transmit and receive radio frequency signals in a millimeter wave band (e.g., 28 GHz, 30 GHz, 38 GHz, or 60 GHz). To overcome the high attenuation characteristics of millimeter waves, the base station 110 and the electronic device 120 may perform beamforming. Herein, beamforming may include transmit beamforming and receive beamforming. That is, the base station 110 and the electronic device 120 may grant directionality to a transmit signal or a receive signal. To this end, the base station 110 and the electronic device 120 may select the best beam for wireless communication through a beam search, beam training, or beam management process.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a base station according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

2 , the base station 110 may include a wireless communication interface 210 , a backhaul communication interface 220 , a storage 230 , and a controller 240 .

The wireless communication interface 210 may perform functions of transmitting and receiving signals via a radio frequency channel. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless communication interface 210 may perform conversion functions between baseband signals and bit streams according to a physical layer standard of the system. For example, the wireless communication interface 210 may generate complex symbols by encoding and modulating a transmission bit stream during data transmission, and restore a reception bit stream by demodulating and decoding a baseband signal during data reception. In addition, the wireless communication interface 210 may up-convert a baseband signal into a radio frequency (RF) band signal and then transmit the RF band signal via an antenna, or down-convert an RF band signal received via an antenna into a baseband signal. To this end, the wireless communication interface 210 may include transmit filters, receive filters, amplifiers, mixers, oscillators, digital to analog converters (DACs), analog to digital converters (ADCs), and the like.

In addition, the wireless communication interface 210 can transmit and receive signals. For example, the wireless communication interface 210 can transmit synchronization signals, reference signals, system information, messages, control information, data, or the like. In addition, the wireless communication interface 210 can perform beamforming. The wireless communication interface 210 can apply beamforming weights to signals to be transmitted or received in order to impart directionality to the signals. The wireless communication interface 210 can repeatedly transmit signals by changing the beam to be formed.

According to an example embodiment, backhaul communication interface 220 may provide an interface for communicating with other nodes in the network. That is, backhaul communication interface 220 may convert a bit stream to be transmitted from base station 110 to another node (e.g., another access node, another base station, an older generation node, a core network, or the like) into a physical signal, and convert a physical signal received from another node into a bit stream.

According to example embodiments, memory 230 may store basic programs, applications, and data such as configuration information used for the operation of base station 110. Memory 230 may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile memory.

According to an example embodiment, the controller 240 may control the operation of the base station 110. For example, the controller 240 transmits and receives signals via the wireless communication interface 210 or the backhaul communication interface 220. In addition, the controller 240 writes data in the memory 230 and reads data from the memory 230. For this purpose, the controller 240 may include at least one processor.

FIG. 3A is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

3A , the electronic device 120 may include a communication interface 310 , a storage 320 , and a controller 330 .

The communication interface 310 performs functions of transmitting and receiving signals via a radio frequency channel. For example, the communication interface 310 performs conversion functions between baseband signals and bit streams according to the physical layer standard of the system. For example, the communication interface 310 may generate complex symbols by encoding and modulating the transmission bit stream during data transmission, and restore the reception bit stream by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal during data reception. In addition, the communication interface 310 may up-convert the baseband signal into an RF band signal and then transmit the RF band signal via an antenna, or down-convert the RF band signal received via an antenna into a baseband signal. For example, the communication interface 310 may include a transmission filter, a reception filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC, an ADC, and the like. The communication interface 310 may perform beamforming. The communication interface 310 may apply beamforming weights to a signal to be transmitted or received in order to give directionality to the signal. According to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication interface 310 may include a plurality of flat panel antennas, for example, a first flat panel antenna 310-1 to an Nth flat panel antenna 310-N. According to an exemplary embodiment, each of the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N may include an array antenna and may be configured at any position of the electronic device 120.

The communication interface 310 can transmit and receive signals. The communication interface 310 can receive downlink signals. The downlink signals can include synchronization signals (SS), reference signals (RS), system information, configuration messages, control information, downlink data, or the like. In addition, the communication interface 310 can transmit uplink signals. The uplink signals can include random access related signals or reference signals (e.g., sounding reference signals (SRS) or demodulation reference signals (DM-RS)), uplink data, or the like.

The memory 320 may store basic programs, applications, and data such as configuration information for the operation of the electronic device 120. The memory 320 may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile memory and non-volatile memory. In addition, the memory 320 may provide the stored data in response to a request from the controller 330. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the memory 320 may include a codebook memory 325 that stores information about a plurality of codebooks. The codebook memory 325 may store information such as beamforming weights in advance for performing optimal beamforming using at least one flat panel antenna selected for wireless communication from among the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N.

The controller 330 controls the general operation of the electronic device 120. For example, the controller 330 can transmit and receive signals via the communication interface 310. In addition, the controller 330 can write data to the memory 320 and read data from the memory 320. For this purpose, the controller 330 can include at least one processor or microprocessor, or can be a part of a processor. When the controller 330 is a part of the processor, a part of the communication interface 310 and the controller 330 can be referred to as a communication processor (CP).

The controller 330 may include a codebook determination circuit 331, a channel state monitoring circuit 332, and a power monitoring circuit 333. The channel state monitoring circuit 332 may monitor the channel states of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N, and the power monitoring circuit 333 may monitor the power consumption values of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. For example, the channel state monitoring circuit 332 and the power monitoring circuit 333 may periodically transmit the reference signal received power (RSRP) value and the power consumption value of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N to the codebook determination circuit 331.

The codebook determination circuit 331 may determine at least one of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N according to the environmental information, and select an optimal codebook according to the situation of the electronic device 120. For example, the flat antenna used for wireless communication may be determined by considering the temperature and power consumption of each flat antenna, and a codebook optimized for a usage situation such as beam coverage or beam width may be determined from among a plurality of codebooks corresponding to the determined flat antenna.

According to an example embodiment, the controller may communicate with one or more sensors such as a temperature sensor 341 and a proximity sensor 342. The temperature sensor 341 and the proximity sensor 342 are provided as examples, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. Therefore, other types of sensors may be provided according to another example embodiment.

FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the configuration of multiple flat panel antennas according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

3B , the electronic device 120 may include a plurality of planar antennas. For example, the electronic device 120 may include a first planar antenna 310 - 1 to a fourth planar antenna 310 - 4 disposed at a corner of the electronic device 120 .

Each of the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N may include a plurality of array antennas. For example, the first flat panel antenna 310-1 may include a first array antenna 311, a second array antenna 312, and a third array antenna 313. The array antennas included in the same flat panel antenna may be array antennas of different types. The first array antenna 311 may correspond to a patch array, and the second array antenna 312 and the third array antenna 313 may correspond to a dipole array. The second array antenna 312 and the third array antenna 313 may form beams in the lateral direction, respectively, and the first array antenna 311 may form a beam in the vertical direction relative to the plane of the electronic device 120.

Each of the array antennas may include a plurality of antenna elements. Each of the plurality of antenna elements included in the second array antenna 312 and the third array antenna 313 may correspond to a dipole antenna element, and each of the plurality of antenna elements included in the first array antenna 311 may correspond to a patch antenna element.

Although the array antenna and antenna element have been described in the embodiments described above with reference to the dipole antenna and the patch antenna, the embodiments are not limited thereto. In addition, although the embodiments described above with reference to the four flat panel antennas configured in the corners of the electronic device 120, multiple flat panel antennas (e.g., the Kth flat panel antenna to the Nth flat panel antenna, including the Pth flat panel antenna and the Mth flat panel antenna) may be further configured.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a communication interface according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG4 shows an example of a detailed configuration of the communication interface 310 of FIG3A. Referring to FIG4, the communication interface 310 may be a circuit including a codec and modulator 410, a digital beamformer 420, a first transmission path 430-1 to an Nth transmission path 430-N, and an analog beamformer 440.

The encoder and modulator 410 performs channel coding. For channel coding, at least one of a low density parity check (LDPC) code, a convolutional code, and a polar code may be used. The encoder and modulator 410 generates modulation symbols by performing constellation mapping.

The digital beamformer 420 performs beamforming on a digital signal (e.g., a modulation symbol). To this end, the digital beamformer 420 multiplies the modulation symbol by a beamforming weight. Herein, the beamforming weight is used to change the amplitude and phase of the signal and may be referred to as a "pre-coded matrix", "pre-coded", or the like. The digital beamformer 420 outputs the digital beamformed modulation symbol to the first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N. In this case, the modulation symbol may be multiplexed according to the MIMO transmission scheme, or the same modulation symbol may be provided to the first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N.

The first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N convert the digital beamforming digital signal into an analog signal. To this end, each of the first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) arithmetic operator, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a DAC, and an up-converter. The CP inserter is used for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and may not be included when another physical layer scheme (e.g., filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC)) is applied. That is, the first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N provide independent signal processing procedures for multiple streams generated by digital beamforming. However, according to the implementation scheme, some components in the first transmission path 430-1 to the Nth transmission path 430-N can be commonly used. The analog beamformer 440 beamforms the analog signal. For this purpose, the analog beamformer 440 multiplies the analog signal by the beamforming weight. Herein, the beamforming weight is used to change the amplitude and phase of the signal.

Although FIG. 4 illustrates an example based on the case of transmitting a signal to another electronic device (e.g., base station 110), the example embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. When receiving a radio frequency signal from another electronic device, the communication interface 310 may include a decoder and a demodulator and a plurality of receiving paths. For example, the communication interface 310 may receive the radio frequency signal, convert the radio frequency signal into a digital signal, and decode and demodulate the digital signal.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of beamforming performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

5 , in operation 510 , the electronic device 120 may determine at least one flat antenna based on environmental information.

The environmental information may indicate information to be used for the electronic device 120 to determine which of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N to select when transmitting a radio frequency signal. The environmental information may be referred to as various terms such as peripheral information or management information. The environmental information may include various pieces of information including information about the temperature of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N, information indicating a channel state, information about power consumption, remaining battery capacity of the electronic device 120, and information about the shape of the user holding the electronic device 120.

According to various example embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 120 may determine at least one flat panel antenna based on one or more segments of the environmental information. For example, the electronic device 120 may use only the temperature information in the environmental information. The electronic device 120 may select at least one flat panel antenna among the remaining flat panel antennas by excluding the flat panel antennas exceeding the critical temperature from the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. As another example, the electronic device 120 may determine at least one flat panel antenna based on the temperature information and the power information in the environmental information. The electronic device 120 may select any number of panel antennas according to the order of lower power consumption among the remaining panel antennas by excluding the panel antennas exceeding the critical temperature. A specific example embodiment of determining at least one panel antenna based on environmental information will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6D.

In operation 520, the electronic device 120 may receive control information from the base station 110. The control information may include information for searching for the best beam between the base station 110 and the electronic device 120. For example, the control information may include information about the time point of transmitting a reference signal for beam scanning (e.g., which symbol timing number is in which subframe number) and information about the length of the interval for transmitting the reference signal. In addition, the control information may include beam-related configuration information requested by the base station 110 from the electronic device 120. For example, the control information may include information related to the characteristics required for the main lobe and side lobes of the self-beam.

In operation 530 , the electronic device 120 may select an optimal codebook based on the determined flat antenna and the control information received from the base station 110 .

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 120 may pre-store information about multiple codebooks. The multiple codebooks may correspond to all subsets available for multiple flat panel antennas 310-1 to flat panel antennas 310-N. For example, assuming that the number of flat panel antennas 310-1 to flat panel antennas 310-N is 4, the multiple codebooks may include codebook information about four subsets including only one activated flat panel antenna, six subsets including two activated flat panel antennas, four subsets including three activated flat panel antennas, and one subset including all activated flat panel antennas. The electronic device 120 may include codebook information corresponding to the situation preset for each subset. This will be organized as follows.

[Table 1] Activated Tablet Combo Scenario #1 Scenario #2 … Scenario #K #1 Codebook #1-1 Codebook #1-2 … Codebook #1-K #2 Codebook #2-1 Codebook #2-2 … Codebook #2-K #3 Codebook #3-1 Codebook #3-2 … Codebook #3-K #4 Codebook #4-1 Codebook #4-2 … Codebook #4-K #1, #2 Codebook #12-1 Codebook #12-2 … Codebook #12-K #1, #3 Codebook #13-1 Codebook #13-2 … Codebook #13-K #1, #4 Codebook #14-1 Codebook #14-2 … Codebook #14-K #2, #3 Codebook #23-1 Codebook #23-2 … Codebook #23-K #2, #4 Codebook #24-1 Codebook #24-2 … Codebook #24-K #3, #4 Codebook #34-1 Codebook #34-2 … Codebook #34-K #1, #2, #3 Codebook #123-1 Codebook #123-2 … Codebook #123-K #1, #2, #4 Codebook #124-1 Codebook #124-2 … Codebook #124-K #1, #3, #4 Codebook #134-1 Codebook #134-2 … Codebook #134-K #2, #3, #4 Codebook #234-1 Codebook #234-2 … Codebook #234-K #1, #2, #3, #4 Codebook #1234-1 Codebook #1234-2 … Codebook #1234-K

Referring to Table 1, there are a number of subsets that can be combined corresponding to the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N included in the electronic device 120, and codebooks corresponding to a plurality of situations using activated flat antennas can be pre-defined for the subsets, respectively. Although Table 1 shows a situation where the electronic device 120 includes four flat antennas, the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and various numbers of situations and various numbers of flat antennas can be used.

Each of the multiple situations (first to Kth situations) shown in Table 1 may be determined based on at least a beamforming area of the electronic device 120 and beam-related configuration information between the base station 110 and the electronic device 120. For example, the beamforming area may be determined based on information about beam coverage, beam width, and mobility of the electronic device 120, and the beam-related configuration information may include information about characteristics of a main lobe of the beam and characteristics of a side lobe of the beam.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 120 may select a flat antenna for transmitting and receiving RF signals based on environmental information, and determine the best codebook for the selected flat antenna. For example, the electronic device 120 may select a codebook according to a situation corresponding to a subset of activated flat antennas by considering the reception timing of a beam management channel state information-reference signal (BM CSI-RS) (which may be obtained from control information), characteristics of the main lobe and side lobes of the beam, beam coverage, beam width, mobility of the electronic device 120, and the like.

In operation 540, the electronic device 120 may perform beamforming according to the selected codebook. The electronic device 120 may control the analog beamformer 440 and/or the digital beamformer 420 according to the analog beamforming parameters and digital beamforming parameters stored in the selected codebook.

In operation 550, the electronic device 120 may transmit information indicating the determined flat panel antenna to the base station 110. The information indicating the determined flat panel antenna may be transmitted via signaling for the original attachment between the electronic device 120 and the base station 110, or may be transmitted by being included in periodic measurement report information or user equipment capability information of the electronic device 120.

According to the present disclosure, the order of operations 510 to 550 is not limited to the exemplary diagram in Figure 5. According to other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the order of operations may be different, one or more other operations may be added, and one or more operations may be omitted.

FIG. 6A is a flow chart of selecting a flat panel antenna based on temperature information performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

6A , in operation 511-1, the electronic device 120 may obtain temperature information of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N from the temperature sensor 341. The temperature sensor 341 may repeatedly transmit the temperature information to the controller 330 in each previously determined cycle. The number of temperature sensors 341 may correspond to the number of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. That is, each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N may be connected to a single temperature sensor 341.

The electronic device 120 may obtain temperature information of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N and compare the temperature information with a critical temperature value. The critical temperature value may correspond to a value preset at a manufacturing time point. The critical temperature value may indicate a temperature value that is too high and thus causes component failure. For example, the critical temperature value may be 90.

In operation 511-2, the electronic device 120 may select the remaining flat panel antenna after excluding the flat panel antenna whose temperature exceeds the critical temperature value from the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N. The electronic device 120 may compare the temperature information of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N with the critical temperature value, and perform beamforming by excluding the flat panel antenna that may cause a failure. For example, it is assumed that the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N include the first flat panel antenna 310-1 to the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4, and the temperature values of the first flat panel antenna 310-1 to the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4 are 100, 70, 85, and 91, respectively. The electronic device 120 may exclude the first to fourth flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-4 whose temperatures exceed 90°C (which is a critical temperature value). The electronic device 120 may determine the beamforming to be performed based on the second flat panel antenna 310-2, the third flat panel antenna 310-3, and a combination thereof. Therefore, the electronic device 120 may prevent malfunctions caused by high temperatures of the flat panel antennas in advance and obtain an overall cooling effect.

FIG. 6B is a flow chart of selecting a flat panel antenna according to hand holding position information performed by an electronic device according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

6B , in operation 512-1, the electronic device 120 may obtain position information of the hand holding the electronic device 120 from the proximity sensor 342. The position information may include information about which part of the electronic device 120 the user has held. The number of proximity sensors 342 may correspond to the number of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. That is, each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N may be connected to a single proximity sensor 342.

According to another example embodiment, the electronic device 120 may obtain the location information of an object covering (or blocking) the flat antenna from the proximity sensor 342. That is, the location information may correspond to an object different from the hand holding the electronic device. For example, the object may be a housing or a holder such as a holder for attaching the electronic device 120 to a vehicle.

The electronic device 120 can obtain location information from the proximity sensor 342 connected to the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N, and identify the flat panel antenna blocked by the user's hand. For example, when the location information having a logically high or "1" value is received from the proximity sensor 342 corresponding to the first flat panel antenna 310-1, it can be identified that the user is in contact with the first flat panel antenna 310-1 while currently holding the electronic device 120. As another example, when the location information received from the proximity sensor 342 corresponding to the second flat panel antenna 310-2 has a logically low or "0" value, it can be identified that the user is holding the electronic device 120 but is not in contact with the second flat panel antenna 310-2.

In operation 512-2, the electronic device 120 may select at least one of the remaining flat panel antennas by excluding the flat panel antennas that are in contact with the hand holding the electronic device 120 from the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to the flat panel antenna 310-N based on the position information. The electronic device 120 may receive the position information of the hand holding the electronic device 120 from the proximity sensor 342 respectively connected to the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to the flat panel antenna 310-N, and select at least one of the flat panel antennas that are not in contact with the user's hand. For example, when the value of the location information received from the proximity sensor 342 connected to the first flat panel antenna 310-1 is "1" or logically high, if beamforming is performed through the first flat panel antenna 310-1, normal communication may not be performed because the formed beam is blocked by the user's hand. Therefore, the electronic device 120 can perform beamforming by using the flat panel antennas remaining by excluding the flat panel antennas that come into contact with the user's hand. Therefore, even if the receiving sensitivity of each of the multiple flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N is not measured, the electronic device 120 can use the proximity sensor data to pre-exclude the flat panel antennas that cannot form a beam, thereby performing efficient beamforming.

FIG. 6C is a flowchart of selecting a flat antenna based on power information performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

6C, in operation 513-1, the electronic device 120 may obtain information about the power consumption of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. The controller 330 of FIG. 3 may further include a power monitoring circuit 333, and the power monitoring circuit 333 may monitor the power value consumed by each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N.

The electronic device 120 may obtain the power value consumed by each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N via the power monitoring circuit 333, and compare the obtained power value with the critical power value. The critical power value may be a preset value or may be changed according to the remaining battery capacity of the electronic device 120. For example, when the remaining battery capacity of the electronic device 120 is 30%, the electronic device 120 may change the critical power value to improve battery utilization efficiency.

In operation 513-2, the electronic device 120 may select the remaining flat panel antenna by excluding the flat panel antenna whose power consumption value exceeds the critical power value from the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N. For example, when the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N include the first flat panel antenna 310-1 to the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4, and the first flat panel antenna 310-1 and the second flat panel antenna 310-2 consume power exceeding the critical power value, the electronic device 120 may perform beamforming according to the third flat panel antenna 310-3, the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4, and a combination thereof by excluding the first flat panel antenna 310-1 to the second flat panel antenna 310-2. Therefore, the electronic device 120 may perform beamforming using a flat panel antenna with small power consumption, and thus may improve battery utilization efficiency.

FIG. 6D is a flowchart of selecting a flat panel antenna based on a channel status performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

6D , in operation 514-1, the electronic device 120 may obtain the RSRP value of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. The controller 330 of FIG. 3 may further include a channel status monitoring circuit 332, and the channel status monitoring circuit 332 may measure the RSRP value of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N. The RSRP value is only used as a representative value of the state of the receiving channel, but is not limited thereto. For example, in addition to RSRP, the electronic device 120 may also obtain all types of information that may indicate the channel state, such as a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and measure the channel quality based on the obtained information.

The electronic device 120 may obtain the RSRP value of each of the plurality of flat antennas 310-1 to 310-N via the channel status monitoring circuit 332, and compare the obtained RSRP value with the critical RSRP value. The critical RSRP value may be a preset value or a variable value. For example, when the communication type of the electronic device 120 is real-time communication (e.g., ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC)) or communication requiring high quality of service (QoS), the electronic device 120 may increase the critical RSRP value, thereby preventing communication using a flat antenna with low reception sensitivity or poor channel quality in advance.

In operation 514-2, the electronic device 120 may select the remaining flat panel antennas by excluding the flat panel antennas having RSRP values less than the threshold RSRP value from the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N. For example, the plurality of flat panel antennas 310-1 to 310-N may include the first flat panel antenna 310-1 to the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4, and the RSRP values of the second flat panel antenna 310-2 and the third flat panel antenna 310-3 may be less than the threshold RSRP value. The electronic device 120 may perform beamforming according to the first flat panel antenna 310-1, the fourth flat panel antenna 310-4, and a combination thereof by excluding the second flat panel antenna 310-2 and the third flat panel antenna 310-3. Therefore, the electronic device 120 may perform beamforming by using a flat panel antenna having good channel quality or high reception sensitivity. According to the embodiment described above, although the flat antenna having an RSRP value less than the critical RSRP value is excluded, the embodiment is not limited thereto. The electronic device 120 may set the critical RSRP value and select the flat antenna having an RSRP value greater than the critical RSRP value.

6A to 6D, although the electronic device 120 selects at least one flat antenna based on one segment of the environmental information, the embodiments of FIG. 6A to 6D are not limited thereto. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 120 may select a flat antenna based on at least two segments of the environmental information. For example, the electronic device 120 may select at least one flat antenna by considering both the temperature information and the power consumption value.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of selecting an optimal codebook performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

7 , in operation 530 - 1 , the electronic device 120 may generate a mutual coupling matrix between antenna elements of the determined flat antenna. The mutual coupling matrix may be generated by actual measurement or determined by modeling as shown in FIG8 . The mutual coupling matrix may correspond to the following. Referring to FIG8 , a first array antenna 311 , a second array antenna 312 , and a third array antenna 313 are shown. Mutual coupling between antenna elements may occur not only between adjacent antenna elements in the same array antenna (e.g., the second array antenna 312 ), but also between antenna elements in different array antennas (e.g., the first array antenna 311 and the third array antenna 313 ).

[Equation 1]

In equation 1, Can refer to the antenna impedance, can refer to the load impedance, and It can be referred to as the mutual impedance matrix ( Can refer to an N-dimensional unit matrix).

For dipole antenna arrays, Define each antenna element, and the reactance component and resistance component can be expressed as follows.

[Equation 2]

[Equation 3]

In equation 2 and equation 3, Can refer to the magnetic constant, Can refer to electrical constants, , , ,and Can refer to the length of the dipole antenna. In addition, in Equation 2 and Equation 3, the cosine integral function and the sine integral function are as follows, and May refer to the Euler-Mascheroni constant.

[Equation 4]

[Equation 5]

In operation 530-2, the electronic device 120 may generate an array response vector. The array response vector may be generated based on modeling. For example, assuming that the origin is a reference point of the phase response (ie, zero degrees), the phase response is in the polar coordinate system. Azimuth in and elevation It can be expressed as follows.

[Equation 6]

In this paper, it is assumed that the i-th antenna is located on the polar axis, and the corresponding polar coordinate is , and its phase response is as follows.

[Equation 7]

In addition, the phase responses of the remaining antenna elements are as follows.

[Equation 8]

Corresponding to the azimuth and elevation The individual components of the array response vector are the phase response and the antenna unique pattern characteristics The product of , and can be expressed as follows.

[Equation 9]

Therefore, the array response vector a It can be expressed as follows.

[Equation 10]

In operation 530-3, the electronic device 120 may determine an optimal beam pattern based on the control information. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the optimal beam pattern may be set according to the purpose of use. For example, the optimal beam pattern may be determined based on beam coverage, beam width, beam scanning timing, time interval length, the structure of the selected flat panel array, and the like. A specific embodiment of determining the optimal beam pattern will be described below with reference to FIG. 10.

In operation 530-4, the electronic device 120 may determine the analog/digital beam vector and perform optimization. For example, when the beam vector (or weight vector) of the antenna array is given, the beam shape in one direction (e.g., φ in the horizontal direction and θ in the vertical direction) is as follows.

[Equation 11]

Herein, to achieve a desired beam pattern, the beam vector of the antenna array may be optimized to minimize the distortion of the beam pattern. For example, the electronic device 120 may perform optimization by weighting the distortion of the beam pattern.

[Equation 12]

In this article, It can refer to the weight of the importance of the corresponding direction. In addition, to reduce complexity, the beam pattern can be derived by evaluating only in the existing sampled directions.

[Equation 13]

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, when determining the beam vector When the electronic device 120 is connected to the analog terminal and the digital terminal, the analog terminal and the digital terminal can be identified. Once the analog terminal and the digital terminal are identified according to the beamforming structure, and , the connection relationship between the analog end and the digital end can be derived through equation 14. Optimization is used to minimize the distortion of the beam pattern. Weights can be assigned to the distortion of the beam pattern.

[Equation 14]

In this article, and is the set of beamforming that can be implemented to satisfy the hardware constraints, and A weight that may indicate the importance of the corresponding direction.

[Equation 15]

[Equation 16]

According to various example embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 120 may reduce complexity by applying the above equations.

9A and 9B illustrate examples of analog/digital beamforming according to example embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9A , a flat panel antenna and an array antenna included therein are shown. The first array antenna 311, the second array antenna 312, and the third array antenna 313 can independently perform beamforming. For example, each of the signal from the first array antenna 311, the signal from the second array antenna 312, and the signal from the third array antenna 313 can be processed by a digital signal processor. Therefore, beamforming can be performed by weighting each array antenna in a different manner.

9B , the first to third array antennas 311 to 313 may be beamformed interdependently. For example, the signals from the first, second, and third array antennas 311, 312, and 313 are added as a single signal before being processed by the digital signal processor, and therefore, different weights cannot be applied to each array antenna, and beams may be formed according to a common beamforming weight.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of selecting an optimal beam pattern performed by an electronic device according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

10 , in operation 530-3-1, the electronic device 120 may determine a beam coverage range. The beam coverage range may indicate a direction having a certain range in which a beam is to be formed by the electronic device 120 by reflecting a position related to the base station 110.

In operation 530-3-2, the electronic device 120 may determine the beam width. The electronic device 120 may determine the beam width by considering the mobility (i.e., the moving speed) of the electronic device 120. For example, when the electronic device 120 moves quickly, if a beam with a narrow beam width is used for communication, beam scanning should be performed frequently. Therefore, when the electronic device 120 moves quickly, it may be determined to generate a beam with a wide beam width.

In operation 530-3-3, the electronic device 120 may determine beam distribution and overlap/non-overlap based on the control information.

The control information is information received from the base station and may include information indicating the timing and interval length of the beam scan. Therefore, the electronic device 120 may receive the control information and determine the overlap for stably performing the beam scan with the determined beam coverage range and beam width. For example, when the beam coverage area is wide and the beam width is wide, beamforming may be performed to overlap between adjacent beams, thereby directly or indirectly measuring the channel quality in all directions of the wider coverage range. The electronic device 120 may determine the beam distribution based on the connection relationship of the selected flat antenna. For example, as shown in FIG9A , when the first array antenna 311 to the third array antenna 313 are independently controlled, the beams may be non-uniformly arranged in the beam coverage. As another example, as shown in FIG9B , when the first array antenna 311 to the third array antenna 313 are dependently controlled, the beams may be uniformly arranged in the beam coverage.

According to the embodiments described above, it has been described that the electronic device 120 selects at least one flat antenna based on environmental information and transmits information indicating the selected at least one flat antenna to the base station 110, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the base station 110 may indicate at least one flat antenna for uplink transmission. For example, the base station 110 may transmit transmission configuration indicator (TCI) information or information indicating the identification (ID) of the flat antenna of the electronic device 120 to the electronic device 120 during downlink transmission to determine at least one flat antenna of the electronic device 120.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station 110 may transmit TCI information to the electronic device 120. The TCI information may be transmitted to the electronic device 120 via downlink control information (DCI). The TCI information may be information indicating an antenna port of the electronic device 120. The antenna port may not correspond to a physical flat panel antenna, but indicates a flat panel antenna having the same or similar communication environment. Flat panel antennas having the same or similar communication environment may be quasi-co-located (QCL) to each other. A QCL relationship may indicate a relationship in which it may be assumed that the large-scale properties of a signal received from one antenna port of the electronic device 120 are at least partially the same as the large-scale properties of a signal received from another antenna port. For example, the large-scale properties may include Doppler spread and Doppler frequency shift associated with frequency offset, average delay and delay spread associated with time offset, and the like. That is, the plurality of planar antennas 310-1 to 310-N of the electronic device 120 may be grouped into QCL planar antennas. For example, TCI0 may indicate a first antenna group including QCL planar antennas, and TCI1 may indicate a second antenna group including QCL planar antennas having different channel characteristics from the first antenna group. That is, the first antenna group and the second antenna group may be groups that differ in properties of Doppler spread, Doppler frequency shift, average delay, delay spread, and the like.

The electronic device 120 may receive TCI information from the base station 110 and identify the flat antenna group indicated by the received TCI information. For example, when the base station 110 transmits TCI0, the electronic device 120 may identify the first antenna group. Herein, each antenna group indicated by the TCI information may be pre-mapped and stored. The electronic device 120 may select at least one flat antenna from the flat antennas included in the identified first antenna group based on environmental information. The selection of at least one flat antenna based on environmental information by the electronic device 120 is the same as described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted. That is, the base station 110 may transmit TCI information to the electronic device 120 to receive an uplink signal via a flat antenna corresponding to the channel characteristics selected by the base station 110.

As another example, the base station 110 may transmit the flat panel antenna ID information to the electronic device 120 to determine the flat panel antenna (the uplink signal is to be transmitted through the flat panel antenna). It can be assumed that the base station 110 has performed beam training or beam scanning by transmitting and receiving reference signals before transmitting the flat panel antenna ID information through the downlink. That is, the base station 110 may obtain the ID information of each flat panel antenna of the electronic device 120 in advance through the beam training of the electronic device 120. The base station 110 may determine the flat panel antenna used for the uplink, and transmit the ID information indicating the determined flat panel antenna to the electronic device 120 through the DCI. The electronic device 120 may decode the received flat antenna ID information to identify the flat antenna that the base station 110 wishes to use for uplink, and transmit the uplink signal to the base station 110 via the identified flat antenna.

According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to TCI information or flat antenna ID information, the electronic device 120 may further determine at least one flat antenna based on environmental information. For example, when the electronic device 120 receives TCI information, the electronic device 120 may identify an antenna group by decoding the TCI information. The electronic device 120 may select at least one flat antenna from a plurality of flat antennas included in the identified antenna group by using the environmental information. For example, the electronic device 120 may transmit and receive radio frequency signals by using the panel antennas remaining by excluding at least one of the following from the panel antennas included in the first antenna group: a panel antenna having a temperature exceeding a critical temperature, a panel antenna in contact with a user's hand, a panel antenna having a power consumption value exceeding a critical power value, and a panel antenna having an RSRP value less than a critical RSRP value. When all the panel antennas included in the first antenna group are not suitable for transmission and reception (for example, when all the panel antennas included in the first antenna group have a temperature exceeding a critical temperature), the electronic device 120 may transmit an uplink signal by using the panel antenna having a temperature exceeding the critical temperature, and also transmit a signal indicating that the panel antenna needs to be changed for reliable reception of the base station 110. Alternatively, to prevent the malfunction of the electronic device 120, the electronic device 120 may bypass the selection of the first antenna group that has been indicated by the base station 110 and transmit the uplink signal by using other patch antennas.

According to another example embodiment, when the electronic device 120 receives the flat antenna ID information, the electronic device 120 may further determine whether the flat antenna indicated by the flat antenna ID information has a temperature exceeding a critical temperature, has an RSRP value less than a critical RSRP value, consumes power exceeding a critical power value, and is in contact with the user's hand. Even if the temperature of the flat antenna selected by the base station 110 exceeds the critical temperature, the electronic device 120 may transmit an uplink signal via the flat antenna indicated by the flat antenna ID information, and also transmit a signal indicating that the flat antenna needs to be changed in the future for reliable reception by the base station 110. Alternatively, to prevent malfunction of the electronic device 120, the electronic device 120 may transmit the uplink information via another panel antenna selected based on the environmental information instead of the panel antenna indicated by the received panel antenna ID information.

While the present disclosure has been shown and described with particular reference to embodiments thereof, it will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims.

1: Wireless communication system 110: Base station 120: Electronic device 210: Wireless communication interface 220: Backhaul communication interface 230, 320: Memory 240, 330: Controller 310: Communication interface 310-1: First flat antenna 310-2: Second flat antenna 310-3: Third flat antenna 310-4: Fourth flat antenna 310-N: Nth flat antenna 311: First array antenna 312: Second array antenna 313: Third array antenna 325: Codebook memory 331: Codebook determination circuit 332: Channel status monitoring circuit 333: Power monitoring circuit 341: Temperature sensor 342: Proximity sensor 410: Encoder and modulator 420: Digital beamformer 430-1: First transmission path 430-N: Nth transmission path 440: Analog beamformer 510, 511-1, 511-2, 512-1, 512-2, 513-1, 513-2, 514-1, 514-2, 520, 530, 530-1, 530-2, 530-3, 530-3-1, 530-3-2, 530-3-3, 530-4, 540, 550: Operation

The following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings will more clearly understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein: FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a base station according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3A is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B is a configuration diagram of multiple flat antennas according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a communication interface according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of beamforming performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6A is a flow chart of selecting a flat antenna according to temperature information performed by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6B is a flowchart of selecting a flat antenna according to holding information by an electronic device according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6C is a flowchart of selecting a flat antenna according to power information by an electronic device according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6D is a flowchart of selecting a flat antenna based on channel status by an electronic device according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of selecting an optimal codebook by an electronic device according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 shows an example of mutual coupling between antenna elements according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9A shows an example of analog/digital beamforming according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9B shows another example of analog/digital beamforming according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 is a flowchart of selecting the best beam pattern by an electronic device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

510, 520, 530, 540, 550: Operation

Claims (25)

An operating method of an electronic device having multiple flat antennas and storing information about multiple codebooks, the operating method comprising: determining at least one flat antenna among the multiple flat antennas based on environmental information, wherein each of the multiple flat antennas comprises multiple array antennas; receiving control information from a base station; and selecting the best codebook among the multiple codebooks based on the determined at least one flat antenna and the received control information, wherein selecting the best codebook comprises: generating a mutual coupling matrix between the multiple array antennas among the determined at least one flat antenna; and determining an array response vector of the determined at least one flat antenna based on the mutual coupling matrix. The operating method as described in claim 1 further includes performing beamforming based on the selected optimal codebook. The operating method as described in claim 1 further includes transmitting information indicating the determined at least one flat antenna to the base station. An operating method as described in claim 1, wherein the environmental information includes at least one of the following: first information about the temperature of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, second information about the power consumption of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, third information indicating the channel status of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, and fourth information indicating a flat panel antenna of a user's hand that is adjacent to the plurality of flat panel antennas. The operating method as described in claim 4 further includes: comparing the temperature of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical temperature, and selecting a flat panel antenna that is still among the flat panel antennas after excluding the flat panel antennas having a temperature exceeding the critical temperature from the plurality of flat panel antennas as the at least one flat panel antenna to be determined. The operating method as described in claim 4 further includes: comparing the power value consumed by each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical power value, and selecting a flat panel antenna that is still among the flat panel antennas after excluding the flat panel antennas that consume power exceeding the critical power value from the plurality of flat panel antennas as the at least one flat panel antenna to be determined. The operating method as described in claim 4 further includes: comparing the channel quality value of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical quality value, and selecting a flat panel antenna having a channel quality value exceeding the critical quality value among the plurality of flat panel antennas as the at least one flat panel antenna to be determined. An operating method as described in claim 7, wherein the third information indicating the channel status includes at least one of a reference signal receiving power, a received signal strength indicator, and a reference signal receiving quality. The operating method as described in claim 4 further includes: identifying one or more flat panel antennas that are in physical contact with the hand of the user based on the fourth information, and selecting a flat panel antenna from the plurality of flat panel antennas remaining after excluding the one or more flat panel antennas identified as being in physical contact with the hand of the user from the plurality of flat panel antennas as the at least one flat panel antenna to be determined. The operating method as described in claim 1, wherein the control information received from the base station includes: timing information about the time interval for transmitting a reference signal for beam scanning; and configuration information of the beam. The operating method as described in claim 10, wherein selecting the optimal codebook further comprises: determining the optimal beam pattern based on the control information received from the base station; and determining and optimizing the analog/digital beam vector. The operating method as described in claim 11, wherein determining the optimal beam pattern includes: determining the beam coverage range; determining the beam width; and determining the beam distribution and overlap based on the control information. An electronic device includes: a communication interface including a plurality of flat antennas; a memory storing information about a plurality of codebooks; and a controller configured to: determine at least one of the plurality of flat antennas based on environmental information, wherein each of the plurality of flat antennas includes a plurality of array antennas, receive control information from a base station using the communication interface, and select the best codebook among the plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one flat antenna and the received control information, wherein the controller selects the best codebook by performing the following operations: generating a mutual coupling matrix between the plurality of array antennas among the determined at least one flat antenna, and determining an array response vector of the determined at least one flat antenna based on the mutual coupling matrix. An electronic device as described in claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to perform beamforming based on the selected optimal codebook. An electronic device as claimed in claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to transmit information indicating the determined at least one flat antenna to the base station by using the communication interface. An electronic device as described in claim 13, wherein the environmental information includes at least one of the following: first information about the temperature of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, second information about the power consumption of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, third information indicating the channel status of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, and fourth information indicating a flat panel antenna of a user's hand that is adjacent to the plurality of flat panel antennas. The electronic device as described in claim 16 further includes one or more sensors, wherein the environmental information about temperature is measured by using a temperature sensor among the one or more sensors, and wherein the controller is further configured to: Compare the temperature of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical temperature and determine the at least one flat panel antenna among the remaining flat panel antennas by excluding the flat panel antennas having a temperature exceeding the critical temperature from the plurality of flat panel antennas. An electronic device as described in claim 16, wherein the controller further includes a power monitoring circuit configured to monitor the power value consumed by each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, and wherein the controller is further configured to: compare the power value consumed by each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical power value based on the environmental information about the power consumption of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, and determine the at least one flat panel antenna among the remaining flat panel antennas by excluding the flat panel antennas that consume power exceeding the critical power value from the plurality of flat panel antennas. An electronic device as described in claim 16, wherein the controller is further configured to: compare the channel quality value of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas with a critical quality value based on the environmental information indicating the channel status of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas; and determine the at least one flat panel antenna from the flat panel antennas having a channel quality value exceeding the critical quality value. An electronic device as described in claim 19, wherein the third information indicating the channel status is measured by a channel status monitoring circuit included in the controller and wherein the third information includes at least one of a reference signal received power, a received signal strength indicator, and a reference signal received quality. The electronic device as described in claim 16 further includes one or more sensors, wherein the controller is further configured to: identify one or more flat panel antennas that are in physical contact with the hand of the user based on the fourth information received from the one or more sensors, and select the at least one flat panel antenna among the remaining flat panel antennas after excluding the one or more identified flat panel antennas from the plurality of flat panel antennas. An electronic device as claimed in claim 13, wherein the control information received from the base station includes: information about the timing and time interval for transmitting reference signals for beam scanning; and configuration information of the beam. An electronic device as described in claim 22, wherein the controller further performs the following operations to select the optimal codebook: determining the optimal beam pattern based on the control information received from the base station, determining the analog/digital beam vector, and performing optimization. An electronic device as described in claim 23, wherein the optimal beam pattern is selected by the controller that performs the following operations: determining the beam coverage range, determining the beam width, and determining the beam distribution and overlap based on the control information. A wireless communication system, comprising: a base station, configured to transmit control information to an electronic device; and the electronic device, configured to: determine at least one flat panel antenna among a plurality of flat panel antennas based on environmental information, wherein each of the plurality of flat panel antennas comprises a plurality of array antennas, select an optimal codebook among a plurality of codebooks based on the determined at least one flat panel antenna and the control information, and perform beamforming based on the selected optimal codebook, wherein the environmental information comprises the The method comprises: determining at least one of temperature information, power consumption information, and channel status information of each of the plurality of flat panel antennas, wherein the control information comprises timing information about a time interval for transmitting a reference signal for beam scanning and beam-related configuration information, wherein selecting the optimal codebook comprises: generating a mutual coupling matrix between the plurality of array antennas in the determined at least one flat panel antenna; and determining an array response vector of the determined at least one flat panel antenna based on the mutual coupling matrix.

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