TWI838434B - 用於光電模組的真空注射成型的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003362 replicative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
製造光電模組包含將印刷電路板基板支撐在第一真空注射工具上。印刷電路板基板具有安裝在其上的至少一光電組件,並且在背離第一真空注射工具的表面上具有阻焊層。此方法包含使第一真空注射工具和第二真空注射工具彼此靠近,以使第二真空注射工具的表面與阻焊層接觸。隨後,使用真空注射技術在上部工具與阻焊層之間的空間中提供第一環氧樹脂。
Description
本發明涉及用於光電模組的真空注射成型技術。
各種消費電子產品及其他主機裝置包含具有集成的光感測或發光裝置的緊密光電模組。在一些情況下,可以以晶圓級製程製造模組,該製程允許同時並行製造多個(例如,數十個、數百個或甚至數千個)模組。在這些製程中有時會使用複製技術,以促進光學元件(如透鏡)的形成。同樣,可以採用真空注射技術來促進模組的外殼或壁的形成。複製及真空注射成型(vacuum injection molding;VIM)技術可以使用例如聚二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS)或在製造過程中提供支撐及/或定義要複製的光學元件的形狀的其他工具來執行。通常,該製程包含下部工具和上部工具。
可以在上部工具及下部工具之間設置密封板,以便在將工具放在一起進行複製及/或VIM製程時在工具之間制定
預定的距離。然而,使用密封板可能會導致模組尺寸的製造公差出現更大變異。舉例而言,使用密封板可能會增加VIM材料在z高度(即厚度)中的公差。
本揭露內容描述用於製造涉及真空注射成型的光電模組的方法,並且在一些情況下,可以消除對密封板的需求,並且可以減少一或更多公差的變異。
舉例而言,在一態樣,本揭露描述一種方法,該方法包含將印刷電路板基板支撐在第一真空注射工具上。印刷電路板基板具有安裝在其上的至少一光電組件,並且在背離第一真空注射工具的表面上具有阻焊層。該方法包含使第一真空注射工具和第二真空注射工具彼此靠近,以使第二真空注射工具的表面與阻焊層接觸。隨後,使用真空注射技術在上部工具與阻焊層之間的空間中提供第一環氧樹脂。
一些實施方式包含以下一或多個特徵。該方法包含將第二真空注射工具的特徵複製到第二環氧樹脂中,以在至少一光電組件中的每一個之上形成各自的光學元件。舉例而言,藉由使第一真空注射工具與第二真空注射工具朝向彼此,使得第二真空注射工具的表面與阻焊層接觸,可使該複製發生。在一些實例中,第二環氧樹脂對至少一光電組件可操作以感測或發射的光的波長是可穿透的。而第一環氧樹脂對光的該波長可以是不可穿透的。
在一些情況下,使第一真空注射工具和第二真空注射工具彼此靠近包含使第二真空注射工具的面向第一真空注射工具的平面與阻焊層接觸。
在一些實施方式中,印刷電路板基板覆蓋的面積是支撐印刷電路板基板在其上的第一真空注射工具的面積的至少0.4倍。印刷電路板基板可包含進入孔,在真空注射技術期間第一環氧樹脂流過該進入孔。印刷電路板基板還可包含排出孔,在真空注射技術期間一些第一環氧樹脂流過該排出孔。在執行真空注射技術期間,進入孔和排出孔可分別對齊第一真空工具中對應的進入孔和排出孔。又,在執行真空注射技術期間,印刷電路板基板可藉由雙面膠帶附接到第一真空注射工具。雙面膠帶可具有進入孔和排出孔,使得在執行該真空注射技術期間,雙面膠帶的進入孔和排出孔分別對齊第一真空工具中的進入孔和排出孔以及印刷電路板基板中的進入孔和排出孔。
在一些實例中,由於在上部工具與阻焊層之間的空間中提供第一環氧樹脂,第一環氧樹脂的部分定義橫向地圍繞相應的口的檔板,以使入射到至少一光電組件中的每一個或自至少一光電組件中的每一個的光通過。
在一些實施方式中,第二真空注射工具具有一表面,該表面定義第一環氧樹脂的朝外的斜切側邊緣。在一些情況下,第一真空注射工具可具有帶有倒角的實質上為正方形的表面。
在一些情況下,在執行真空注射技術期間,印刷電路
板基板被間隔物橫向圍繞。間隔物可具有倒角。
其他態樣,根據以下詳細描述、圖式及申請專利範圍,特徵和優點將顯而易見。
20:環氧樹脂
21:側邊緣
22:注射工具
24:注射工具
26:晶粒
27:印刷電路板基板
28:檔板
30:光學元件
32:接觸墊
34:引線接合
36:墊
38:電接觸墊
40:阻焊層
42:阻焊層
44:雙面膠帶
46:表面
50:間隔物
52:主動區
54:孔
56:倒角
58:孔
59:孔
60:槽
100:環氧樹脂
101:噴射裝備
102:特徵
104:空間
106:入口
108:出口
[圖1]說明用於製造光電模組的晶圓級製程中的一階段。
[圖2]說明圖1之部分的放大版本。
[圖3]說明包含間隔物的替代實施例。
[圖4]是示出圖4的多個組件的分解圖。
[圖5]是PCB基板的俯視圖。
[圖6]是下部注射工具的俯視圖。
[圖7]是上部注射工具的俯視圖。
[圖8、9、10及11]說明模組製造過程中的各個步驟。
圖1及2說明用於製造光電模組的晶圓級製程中的中間階段。如圖1及2所示,黑色或其他環氧樹脂20被注入在上部注射工具22與下部注射工具24之間。注射工具22、24例如可以是PDMS工具。環氧樹脂20橫向圍繞安裝在印刷電路板(PCB)基板27上的各個半導體裝置晶粒(例如,光偵測器晶片或發光晶片)26。在示出的範例中,環氧樹脂20還定義檔板28,檔板28的一部分橫向圍繞設置在晶粒26上的各個光學元件30,諸如網格光學陣列。在所示的範例中,
檔板28的形狀和光學元件30的形狀由上部注射工具22的面向PCB基板27的表面定義(例如,藉由複製製程)。光學元件30例如可以由透明環氧樹脂(即,對於要由晶片26感測或發射的光的波長是可穿透的環氧樹脂)組成。
PCB基板27的頂表面和底表面上可具有電接觸墊。舉例而言,每個晶粒26的底部上的電觸點可以藉由各自的表面裝置技術(surface mount technology;SMT)接觸墊32電性耦接到PCB基板27。同樣,每個晶粒26頂部上的電觸點可以藉由連接到墊36的相應引線接合34電性耦接到PCB基板27。SMT或其他電接觸墊38設置在PCB基板27的底表面上。在PCB基板27的頂表面和底表面上方分別設置阻焊層40、42。舉例而言,阻焊層可以存在於PCG基板的頂表面的外部非主動區域上。如圖1及2進一步所示,可以使用雙面膠帶44將PCB基板27(藉由下方的阻焊層42)附接到下部注射工具24。
本揭露一方面在於使PCB基板27的x及y尺寸足夠大,以使得當上部注射工具22及下部注射工具24在製造過程中彼此相對移動時,PCB基板27的頂表面(或更具體地,阻焊層40的頂表面)對上部注射工具22及下部注射工具24限定相對的停止位置。舉例而言,如圖1所示,PCB基板27沿x軸延伸遠超過光電裝置晶粒26的位置並且遠超過黑色環氧樹脂20的位置。特別地,如以下更詳細地說明的,在注入黑色環氧樹脂20之前(且做為形成光學元件30的複製製程的一部分)上部注射工具22及下部注射工具24朝向彼此移
動,直到上部注射工具22的最底表面46接觸PCB基板27上的阻焊層40的相對(即,上部)表面。藉由使PCB基板27的橫向尺寸(即,x-y)僅略小於下部注射工具24的對應尺寸,可以消除對密封板的需求。此外,在一些情況下,前述設置可以幫助減少所得的模組的製造公差的變異。舉例而言,可以減少VIM材料20的z高度(即,厚度)的變異。此外,在一些實例中,可以獲得對裝置26上方的口46的更好控制(見圖2),如此可導致裝置26的功能得到改善。
如圖3及4所示,一些實施方式還包含橫向圍繞PCB基板27的外圍的間隔物50。間隔物50應具有與PCB基板27實質上相同的高度(包含阻焊層40、42的厚度)。間隔物50可以由例如樹脂或其他材料組成。
圖5、6及7分別說明根據一些實施方式的PCB基板27、下部注射工具24及上部注射工具22的更多細節。舉例而言,如圖5所示,PCB基板27具有正方形形狀,其具有側面尺寸('A')(例如,150mm)及主動區52,在所示範例中,主動區52具有100mm×100mm的尺寸。PCB基板27在對角處具有孔54。在所示的範例中,孔54彼此分開160mm的距離('B'),在VIM製程期間,孔54分別用作環氧樹脂20流動的入口和出口。對於一些實施方式,部分或所有前述的細節可能不同。
如圖6進一步所示,下部注射工具24可具有帶有倒角56的實質上為正方形的表面。下部注射工具24的尺寸以及倒角56的存在是有用的,在一些實例中,允許下部注射工
具24裝配到其他裝備中以進行後續處理(例如,切塊機)。雙面膠帶44和間隔物50如果存在,可以具有與下部注射工具24大約相同的外側尺寸,並且還可以具有倒角(見圖4)。在所示範例中,注射工具24的外側尺寸('C')為9吋(即,228.6mm),並且從一個倒角56到另一個倒角的最大對角線距離為290mm。因此,對於所示的範例,PCB基板27的外側尺寸('A')約為注射工具24的外側尺寸('C')的三分之二。因此,在所描繪的範例中,PCB基板27覆蓋的面積略大於注射工具24的其上支撐有印刷電路板基板的面積的0.4倍。注射工具24還具有以距離B彼此分隔開的孔58。這些孔58還分別提供在VIM製程期間環氧樹脂20流動的入口及出口,並因此與PCB基板27中的對應孔54對齊。同樣,雙面膠帶44包含與注射工具24的前述孔58和PCB基板27的孔54對齊的進入孔59和排出孔59(見圖4)。對於一些實施方式,部分或所有前述的細節可能不同。
如圖7進一步所示,上部注射工具22可以是具有與下部注射工具24的對應的外側尺寸相同的外側尺寸('A')的正方形(例如,9吋×9吋,或228.6mm×228.6mm)。在所示範例中,檔板28的內部尺寸('D')為106mm。上部注射工具22具有槽60,其與PCB基板27中的進入/排出孔54的位置重疊。圖7還示出PCB基板27在上部注射工具22下方的位置。對於一些實施方式,部分或所有前述的細節可能不同。
圖8、9、10及11說明用於製造如上所述的光電模組的
晶圓級製程中的各個步驟。如圖8所示,透明環氧樹脂100被分配(例如,藉由噴射裝備101)到上部注射工具22的表面上。注射工具22包含特徵102,特徵102定義在隨後的操作中形成的光學元件30的形狀。注射工具22還包含空間104,其隨後被注入的黑色(非透明)環氧樹脂填充。
如圖9所示,將光電裝置26安裝在PCB基板27上,然後將其附接(例如藉由可熱釋放的雙面膠帶44)到下部注射工具24上。
參照圖10,使上部注射工具22與下部注射工具24彼此靠近直到上部工具22的最底表面46接觸PCB基板27上的阻焊層的相對(即,上)表面為止。表面46可以是例如面對注射工具24的平面。為了使上部及下部注射朝向彼此,注射工具22、24中的一個(或兩個)可以相對於另一工具依據實施方式移動。由於上部注射工具22的表面46接觸PCB基板27的相對表面上的阻焊層的相對(即,上)表面,上部注射工具22的特徵102被複製到透明環氧樹脂100中。接著可將環氧樹脂100硬化(例如,藉由UV及/或熱固化)以形成光學元件30。
接著,參照圖11,使黑色或其他不透明的環氧樹脂20流經入口106,以填充上部注射工具22及PCB基板27上的阻焊層40之間的空間104。提供出口108以使任何額外的環氧樹脂材料20流動。環氧樹脂20接著可被硬化(例如,藉由UV及/或熱固化)。
在執行前述操作之後,可以移除上部注射工具22,可
以將所獲得的包含PCB基板的堆疊單片化(例如,藉由切割),並且可以從膠帶44移除所獲得的個別的模組。
前述技術可以助於減少z高度公差的變異。舉例而言,該技術可以消除或減少由於使用玻璃載體、雙面膠帶44及PCB基板27而可能引起的變異。這些影響可以至少部分藉由使用這樣的配置來實現,在此配置中,上部注射工具22與PCB基板27(或PCB基板27上的阻焊層40的表面)直接接觸。
此外,對於其中設置有承載玻璃以支撐PCB基板27的實施方式,由於很少或沒有環氧樹脂接觸到玻璃(除了例如,在VIM製程中用於環氧樹脂流動的進入孔和排出孔之外),所以可以容易地回收該承載玻璃以重複使用。
在一些實施方式中,上部注射工具22的內表面可以被成形為限定用於黑色環氧樹脂20的斜切的面向外的側邊緣21(見圖1至3)。斜切的側邊緣21可在注入的環氧樹脂固化之後促進上部注射工具22的移除。
儘管注入的環氧樹脂20可能被稱為黑色環氧樹脂,但是更普遍地,環氧樹脂20較佳地對於由安裝在PCB基板27上的光電裝置26(例如,光偵測器晶片或發光晶片)感測到或發射的波長的光是不可穿透的。
各種修改將是顯而易見的,並且可以對前述範例進行修改。結合不同實施例所描述的特徵在一些情況下可以合併在同一實施方式中,並且結合前述範例描述的各種特徵在一些實施方式中可以被省略。因此,其他實施方式也包
含在申請專利範圍的範圍內。
20:環氧樹脂
21:側邊緣
22:注射工具
24:注射工具
26:晶粒
27:印刷電路板基板
28:檔板
30:光學元件
32:接觸墊
34:引線接合
36:墊
38:電接觸墊
40:阻焊層
42:阻焊層
44:雙面膠帶
46:表面
Claims (17)
- 一種用於光電模組的真空注射成型的方法,該方法包括:支撐印刷電路板基板在第一真空注射工具上,該印刷電路板基板具有安裝在其上的至少一光電組件,並且在背離該第一真空注射工具的表面上具有阻焊層;使該第一真空注射工具和第二真空注射工具彼此靠近,以使該第二真空注射工具的表面與該阻焊層接觸;以及隨後使用真空注射技術在該第二真空注射工具與該阻焊層之間的空間中提供第一環氧樹脂。
- 如請求項1之方法,該方法包含複製該第二真空注射工具的特徵到第二環氧樹脂中,以在該至少一光電組件中的每一個之上形成各自的光學元件。
- 如請求項2之方法,其中,由於使該第一真空注射工具與該第二真空注射工具彼此靠近,使得該第二真空注射工具的表面與該阻焊層接觸,因而發生該複製。
- 如請求項2或3之方法,其中,該第二環氧樹脂對該至少一光電組件可操作以感測或發射的光的波長是可穿透的。
- 如請求項4之方法,其中,該第一環氧樹脂對於該光的波長是不可穿透的。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中, 使該第一真空注射工具和該第二真空注射工具彼此靠近包含使該第二真空注射工具的面向該第一真空注射工具的平面與該阻焊層接觸。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中,該印刷電路板基板覆蓋的面積是支撐該印刷電路板基板在其上的該第一真空注射工具的面積的至少0.4倍。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中,該印刷電路板基板包含進入孔,在該真空注射技術期間該第一環氧樹脂流過該進入孔。
- 如請求項8之方法,其中,該印刷電路板基板包含排出孔,在該真空注射技術期間一些該第一環氧樹脂流過該排出孔。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中,在執行該真空注射技術期間,該進入孔和該排出孔分別對齊該第一真空注射工具中對應的進入孔和排出孔。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中,在執行該真空注射技術期間,該印刷電路板基板藉由雙面膠帶附接到該第一真空注射工具。
- 如請求項11之方法,其中,該雙面膠帶具有進入孔和排出孔,其中,在執行該真空注射技術期間,該雙面膠帶的該進入孔和該排出孔分別對齊該第一真空注射工具中的該進入孔和該排出孔以及該印刷電路板基板中的該進入孔和該排出孔。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中, 由於在該第二真空注射工具與該阻焊層之間的該空間中提供該第一環氧樹脂,該第一環氧樹脂的部分定義檔板,該檔板橫向圍繞相應的口,以使入射到該至少一光電組件中的每一個或自該至少一光電組件中的每一個的光通過。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中,該第二真空注射工具具有一表面,該表面定義該第一環氧樹脂的朝外的斜切側邊緣。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中,該第一真空注射工具具有帶有倒角的實質上為正方形的表面。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中,在執行該真空注射技術期間,該印刷電路板基板被間隔物橫向圍繞。
- 如請求項16之方法,其中,該間隔物具有倒角。
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