TWI830498B - Energy regulation system - Google Patents
Energy regulation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI830498B TWI830498B TW111143602A TW111143602A TWI830498B TW I830498 B TWI830498 B TW I830498B TW 111143602 A TW111143602 A TW 111143602A TW 111143602 A TW111143602 A TW 111143602A TW I830498 B TWI830498 B TW I830498B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- storage device
- energy storage
- voltage value
- energy
- power
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 270
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本發明涉及一種存儲系統，特別是指一種能量調節系統。The present invention relates to a storage system, in particular to an energy conditioning system.
電網主要的概念是將負載與電源整合成一個可控制的儲能系統來供應電能給使用者，目前隨著再生能源裝置量日漸增加，綠電價格競爭力逐漸上升，然而綠能的間歇性特性，還需要儲能系統來儲存多餘的電力，才能順利調度電力與電網的穩定性及輸出平滑化，功率調節系統(Power Conditioning System，以下簡稱PCS)則是併在電網上，用來調控電網的電力，功率調節系統除了緊急備援用電外，也可解決再生能源不穩定，因頻率過低而造成的低頻跳電問題，同時還可以儲存再生能源，用於削峰填谷；基於傳統電力系統將面臨大量再生能源併入電網後造成的不穩定性，電力公司引進儲能自動頻率控制調頻服務(Automatic Frequency Control，以下簡稱AFC)，利用儲能系統具有快速充放電之特性，透過主動調整充放電動作調節電力系統頻率，可幫助維持電力系統因負載波動造成之頻率飄移，極適宜作為再生能源高佔比下之系統穩定因應方案，其實際用途為吸收或補充電網上的短時間過載及欠載，在電網系統具備削峰填谷、頻率調整與快速調節電能，並進行能量轉移或儲存再生能源輸出之電能，提供給電網進行調度、用戶端負載與再生能源發電設施間之實、虛功率調節快速反應特性等多樣化功能，提供再生能源的輸出平滑化、調整電網頻率、備用電源等不同的服務，以協助電網達到穩定供電之責任，由於鉛酸電池壽命短，因此儲能系統大部分採用鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶擔任，理論上鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶的壽命可延長數倍，但是鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶因為要吸收或補充電網上的過載及欠載或開機與充放電的瞬間突流，而需要執行約大於等於 2.0C的大充放電流以及約小於等於 1.0C的小頻繁充放電流，而影響或消耗掉鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶使用壽命，以鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶儲存最大電量小於等於70%即需更換為標準，鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶使用壽命將低於5年。The main concept of the power grid is to integrate loads and power sources into a controllable energy storage system to supply electric energy to users. Currently, with the increasing number of renewable energy installations, the price competitiveness of green electricity is gradually increasing. However, the intermittent characteristics of green energy , an energy storage system is also needed to store excess power in order to smoothly dispatch power and stabilize the power grid and smooth the output. The power conditioning system (Power Conditioning System, hereinafter referred to as PCS) is integrated on the power grid to regulate the power grid. In addition to emergency backup power, power and power conditioning systems can also solve the problem of unstable renewable energy and low-frequency power outages caused by low frequency. At the same time, they can also store renewable energy for peak shaving and valley filling; based on traditional power systems Faced with the instability caused by the integration of a large amount of renewable energy into the power grid, power companies have introduced automatic frequency control (AFC) services for energy storage, taking advantage of the rapid charging and discharging characteristics of the energy storage system to actively adjust the charge. The discharge action adjusts the frequency of the power system, which can help maintain the frequency drift of the power system caused by load fluctuations. It is extremely suitable as a system stability response solution when the proportion of renewable energy is high. Its practical use is to absorb or supplement short-term overloads and underloads on the power grid. Load, in the power grid system, it has peak shaving, frequency adjustment and rapid adjustment of electric energy, and transfers energy or stores the electric energy output from renewable energy to provide real and virtual power between the grid for dispatching, user loads and renewable energy power generation facilities. It adjusts diversified functions such as quick response characteristics, and provides different services such as smoothing the output of renewable energy, adjusting grid frequency, and backup power supply to assist the grid in achieving the responsibility of stable power supply. Due to the short life of lead-acid batteries, most energy storage systems Using lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries as the battery, theoretically the life of lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries can be extended several times, but lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries have to absorb or supplement the overload and underload on the power grid or the moment of startup and charging and discharging. Inrush current requires the execution of large charge and discharge currents greater than or equal to 2.0C and small frequent charge and discharge currents of less than or equal to 1.0C, which affects or consumes the service life of lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries, and is stored in lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries. If the maximum battery capacity is less than or equal to 70%, it needs to be replaced with a standard battery. The service life of the lithium battery or lithium iron battery will be less than 5 years.
電動機車或電動車利用具有快速充放電之特性的鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶作為儲能系統，儲存剎車或低速的動力回收系統電能或供電電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置等電力需求，由於鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶因為要儲存或供應電動車電力的過載及欠載或啟動與動力回收的瞬間突流，而需要執行約大於等於 2.0C的大充放電流以及約小於等於 1.0C的小頻繁充放電流，而影響或消耗掉鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶使用壽命，以鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶儲存最大電量小於等於70%即需更換為標準，鋰電瓶或鋰鐵電瓶使用壽命將低於5年。Electric motorcycles or electric vehicles use lithium batteries or lithium iron batteries with fast charging and discharging characteristics as an energy storage system to store braking or low-speed power recovery system energy or to supply power needs such as electric motors or electrical devices of electric vehicles. Due to the lithium battery Or the lithium-iron battery needs to store or supply the overload and underload of electric vehicle power or the instantaneous surge in starting and power recovery, and needs to perform a large charge and discharge current of about 2.0C or more and a small frequent charge and discharge of about 1.0C or less. The current will affect or consume the service life of the lithium battery or lithium iron battery. If the maximum capacity of the lithium battery or lithium iron battery is less than or equal to 70%, it needs to be replaced. The service life of the lithium battery or lithium iron battery will be less than 5 years.
有鑑於上述缺失，並為達成上述改善目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，電性連接一電源、一負載，以及鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置；該能量調節系統包含：第二儲能裝置係為一電容結構，與該電源或該負載電性連接，在一儲電模式，以該電源作為電力來源，對第二儲能裝置進行充電，或經過第二儲能裝置對第一儲能裝置進行充電，在一轉儲模式，以第一儲能裝置作為電力來源，對第二儲能裝置進行充電，或經過第二儲能裝置對負載進行放電；至少一轉換器，電性連接於第一儲能裝置與第二儲能裝置之間，於儲電模式或轉儲模式中，傳遞一輸出電壓以及一輸出電流；以及一控制器，用以偵測第一儲能裝置的第一電壓值、第一電流值，或者第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值，其中，第二儲能裝置分別設定第二上限電壓值、第二下限電壓值以及一參考電壓值，該參考電壓值介於第二上限電壓值與第二下限電壓值之間，第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值小於該參考電壓值時，以第一儲能裝置作為電力來源，對第二儲能裝置進行充電至該參考電壓值，控制器控制轉換器傳遞輸出電壓以及輸出電流，避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置大電流充電或放電，達到保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置的目的。In view of the above deficiencies and to achieve the above improvement objectives, the energy regulation system disclosed by the present invention is electrically connected to a power supply, a load, and a first energy storage device in a lithium battery structure; the energy regulation system includes: a second energy storage device The device is a capacitor structure electrically connected to the power supply or the load. In a power storage mode, the power supply is used as a power source to charge the second energy storage device, or to charge the first energy storage device through the second energy storage device. The energy device is charged, and in a dump mode, the first energy storage device is used as the power source to charge the second energy storage device, or the load is discharged through the second energy storage device; at least one converter is electrically connected Between the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device, in the storage mode or the dump mode, an output voltage and an output current are transmitted; and a controller is used to detect the third energy storage device of the first energy storage device. A voltage value, a first current value, or a second voltage value of the second energy storage device, wherein the second energy storage device respectively sets a second upper limit voltage value, a second lower limit voltage value, and a reference voltage value, and the reference voltage The value is between the second upper limit voltage value and the second lower limit voltage value. When the second voltage value of the second energy storage device is less than the reference voltage value, the first energy storage device is used as the power source, and the second energy storage device is After charging to the reference voltage value, the controller controls the converter to transmit the output voltage and output current to avoid large-current charging or discharging of the first energy storage device of the lithium battery structure, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the first energy storage device of the lithium battery structure.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該負載係為一功率調節系統、一電動馬達或一電氣裝置。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses an energy conditioning system, wherein the load is a power conditioning system, an electric motor or an electrical device.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該電源係為一功率調節系統、一發電機或一動力回收系統。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses an energy conditioning system, wherein the power source is a power conditioning system, a generator or a power recovery system.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該參考電壓值係為該負載的一額定工作電壓值。In order to achieve the above object, in the energy adjustment system disclosed by the present invention, the reference voltage value is a rated operating voltage value of the load.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該參考電壓值係大於等於負載的一下限工作電壓值且小於等於負載的一上限工作電壓值。In order to achieve the above object, in the energy regulation system disclosed by the present invention, the reference voltage value is greater than or equal to the lower limit operating voltage value of the load and less than or equal to the upper limit operating voltage value of the load.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該第二上限電壓值為該負載的一上限工作電壓值減去一裕度值，該第二下限電壓值為該負載的一下限工作電壓值加上該裕度值，該裕度值為大於等於零之任一數值。In order to achieve the above object, the energy regulation system disclosed by the present invention, wherein the second upper limit voltage value is an upper limit operating voltage value of the load minus a margin value, and the second lower limit voltage value is the lower operating limit limit of the load. The voltage value is added to the margin value, which is any value greater than or equal to zero.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，當電源對第二儲能裝置進行充電時，控制器偵測第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值超過介於該參考電壓值與第二上限電壓之間的一上中限電壓值時，控制器調節轉換器允許電源經過第二儲能裝置對第一儲能裝置進行充電。In order to achieve the above object, in the energy adjustment system disclosed by the present invention, when the power supply charges the second energy storage device, the controller detects that the second voltage value of the second energy storage device exceeds the value between the reference voltage value and the second energy storage device. When there is an upper middle limit voltage value between the two upper limit voltages, the controller adjusts the converter to allow the power supply to charge the first energy storage device through the second energy storage device.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，將該參考電壓值與第二上限電壓值相加後除以2，得到該上中限電壓值。In order to achieve the above object, in the energy adjustment system disclosed by the present invention, the upper and middle limit voltage values are obtained by adding the reference voltage value and the second upper limit voltage value and dividing by 2.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，以該電源對該第二儲能裝置進行充電，或經過該第二儲能裝置對第一儲能裝置進行充電時，充電電流介於0C與1.0C之間，直到第一儲能裝置的第一電流值達到第一下限電流值。In order to achieve the above object, the energy conditioning system disclosed by the present invention is wherein, when the second energy storage device is charged by the power supply, or the first energy storage device is charged through the second energy storage device, the charging current is between Between 0C and 1.0C, until the first current value of the first energy storage device reaches the first lower limit current value.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，該第二儲能裝置包含一預留儲電區，提供負載瞬間過載的電力儲存需求，與一預存電力區，提供負載瞬間欠載的電力供應需求，避免該第一儲能裝置大電流充電或放電，延長該第一儲能裝置的壽命。In order to achieve the above object, the energy conditioning system disclosed by the present invention, wherein the second energy storage device includes a reserved power storage area to provide the power storage demand for instantaneous overload of the load, and a pre-stored power area to provide the power storage requirement for the instantaneous underload of the load. The power supply requirement avoids large current charging or discharging of the first energy storage device and extends the life of the first energy storage device.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，於省電模式之喚醒階段，控制器偵測第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值低於該第二下限電壓值或介於該參考電壓值與第二下限電壓值之間的一下中限電壓值，進入轉儲模式，控制器控制轉換器允許第一儲能裝置對第二儲能裝置進行充電。In order to achieve the above object, the energy adjustment system disclosed by the present invention, in which, during the wake-up phase of the power saving mode, the controller detects that the second voltage value of the second energy storage device is lower than the second lower limit voltage value or is between the reference voltage value and the second lower limit voltage value. The lower limit voltage value between the voltage value and the second lower limit voltage value enters the dump mode, and the controller controls the converter to allow the first energy storage device to charge the second energy storage device.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，將該參考電壓值與第二下限電壓值相加後除以2，得到該下中限電壓值。In order to achieve the above object, in the energy adjustment system disclosed by the present invention, the lower middle limit voltage value is obtained by adding the reference voltage value and the second lower limit voltage value and then dividing the value by 2.
為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭能量調節系統，其中，第一儲能裝置對第二儲能裝置進行充電，充電電流介於0C與2.0C之間，直到第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值達到該參考電壓值。In order to achieve the above object, the energy regulation system disclosed by the present invention, in which the first energy storage device charges the second energy storage device, the charging current is between 0C and 2.0C until the second voltage of the second energy storage device value reaches this reference voltage value.
有關本發明所揭能量調節系統的詳細構造、特點、組裝或使用方式，將於後續的實施方式詳細說明中予以描述。然而，在本發明領域中具有通常知識者應能瞭解，該等詳細說明以及實施本發明所列舉的特定實施例，僅係用於說明本發明，並非用以限制本發明之專利申請範圍。The detailed structure, characteristics, assembly or usage of the energy conditioning system disclosed in the present invention will be described in the subsequent detailed description of the implementation. However, those with ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention should understand that these detailed descriptions and specific examples for implementing the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
以下，茲配合各圖式列舉對應之較佳實施例來對本發明所揭能量調節系統的組成構件、步驟及達成功效來作說明，然各圖式中能量調節系統的構件、尺寸及外觀僅用來說明本發明的技術特徵，而非對本發明構成限制。Below, the corresponding preferred embodiments are enumerated in conjunction with each figure to illustrate the components, steps and effects of the energy adjustment system disclosed in the present invention. However, the components, size and appearance of the energy adjustment system in each figure are only for reference. to illustrate the technical features of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
此外，在本文中所使用的用詞『包含』、『包括』、『具有』、『含有』等等，均為開放性的用語，即意指『包含但不限於』。此外，本文中所使用之『及／或』，包含相關列舉項目中一或多個項目的任意一個以及其所有組合。In addition, the words "including", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used in this article are all open terms, which mean "including but not limited to". In addition, "and/or" used in this article includes any one or more of the relevant listed items and all combinations thereof.
參考圖1所示能量調節系統100的示意圖，本發明所揭能量調節系統100提供電容結構的第二儲能裝置20、轉換器30和控制器40的組合架構，能量調節系統100電性連接電源400、負載500，以及鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，其中鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10包含鋰(鐵)電池、三元鋰電池等任一項或其組合，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20包含超級電容、超級電容組、電容組等任一項或其組合，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20與電源400或負載500電性連接，電源400或負載500經由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20連接至轉換器30後再連接至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，當電源400供電時，即在一儲電模式，以該電源400作為電力來源，對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電，或著藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 1crg以及輸出電流I 1crg，使電源400經過電容結構的第二儲能裝置20及轉換器30對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10進行充電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10用來儲存電量，亦即，電源400傳輸的電能得以經由轉換器30回充至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，電源400或負載500產生的突波，以及瞬間的過載或欠載將由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20儲存或供應，當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20缺電時或需供電給負載500時，即在一轉儲模式，以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10作為電力來源，藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 2crg以及輸出電流I 2crg，允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電，或者負載500以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10以及電容結構的第二儲能裝置20作為電力供電來源，允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10經過電容結構的第二儲能裝置20對負載500進行放電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10提供電容結構的第二儲能裝置20因自耗電損失或供電負載500所需求的電量。 Referring to the schematic diagram of the energy conditioning system 100 shown in Figure 1, the energy conditioning system 100 disclosed in the present invention provides a combined architecture of a capacitive structure second energy storage device 20, a converter 30 and a controller 40. The energy conditioning system 100 is electrically connected to a power source. 400. Load 500, and the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure, wherein the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure includes any one or combination of lithium (iron) batteries, ternary lithium batteries, etc., and a capacitor structure. The second energy storage device 20 includes any one or combination of supercapacitors, supercapacitor groups, capacitor groups, etc. The second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is electrically connected to the power supply 400 or the load 500, and the power supply 400 or the load 500 is connected via the capacitor. The second energy storage device 20 of the structure is connected to the converter 30 and then connected to the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. When the power supply 400 supplies power, that is, in a power storage mode, the power supply 400 is used as the power source. The second energy storage device 20 with a capacitive structure is charged, or the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to transmit the output voltage V 1crg and the output current I 1crg , so that the power supply 400 passes through the second energy storage device 20 with a capacitive structure and the converter. 30 charges the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used to store electricity. That is, the electric energy transmitted by the power supply 400 can be recharged to the lithium battery structure through the converter 30 The surges generated by the first energy storage device 10, the power supply 400 or the load 500, and the instantaneous overload or underload will be stored or supplied by the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure. When the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure is short of power, When it is necessary to supply power to the load 500, that is, in a dump mode, the first energy storage device 10 with a lithium battery structure is used as the power source, and the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to deliver the output voltage V 2crg and the output current I 2crg. , allowing the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to charge the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure, or the load 500 uses the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure and the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure as The power supply source allows the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to discharge the load 500 through the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure provides the second energy storage device of the capacitor structure. 20 due to self-consumption power loss or the power required by the power supply load 500.
能量調節系統100的控制器40藉由電壓量測器(圖未示)以及電流量測器(圖未示)分別量測鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的第一電壓值V 1、第一電流值I 1，或者電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2，其中，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20分別設定第二上限電壓值V 2max、第二下限電壓值V 2min以及一參考電壓值V R，第二上限電壓值V 2max較佳為設定至負載500的上限工作電壓值，第二下限電壓值V 2min較佳為設定至負載500的下限工作電壓值，亦可保留一裕度值，該裕度值為大於等於零之任一數值，將第二上限電壓值V 2max設定至負載500的上限工作電壓值減去該裕度值，將第二下限電壓值V 2min設定至負載500的下限工作電壓值加上該裕度值，但本發明並不以此為限，該參考電壓值V R介於第二上限電壓值V 2max與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間，其中鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的第一電壓值V 1、第一電流值I 1以及電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2分別提供控制器40，控制器40藉以調節轉換器30的輸出電壓以及輸出電流，使該電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的該第二電壓值V 2維持在該參考電壓值V R進行充電或放電，避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10大電流充電或放電，達到保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的目的。 The controller 40 of the energy conditioning system 100 measures the first voltage values V 1 , The first current value I 1 , or the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure, wherein the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure sets the second upper limit voltage value V 2max and the second lower limit voltage respectively. The value V 2min and a reference voltage value V R , the second upper limit voltage value V 2max is preferably the upper limit working voltage value set to the load 500, and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min is preferably set to the lower limit working voltage value set to the load 500. , you can also retain a margin value, which is any value greater than or equal to zero, set the second upper limit voltage value V 2max to the upper limit operating voltage value of the load 500 minus the margin value, and set the second lower limit voltage The value V 2min is set to the lower limit operating voltage value of the load 500 plus the margin value, but the invention is not limited to this. The reference voltage value V R is between the second upper limit voltage value V 2max and the second lower limit voltage value. Between V 2min , the first voltage value V 1 and the first current value I 1 of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure and the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure provide control respectively. The controller 40 adjusts the output voltage and output current of the converter 30 so that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is maintained at the reference voltage value VR for charging or discharging, The first energy storage device 10 having a lithium battery structure is prevented from charging or discharging with a large current, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the first energy storage device 10 having a lithium battery structure.
能量調節系統100的轉換器30包含一關閉狀態、一充電控制狀態以及一放電控制狀態，關閉狀態係為轉換器30不進行充電或放電動作，充電控制狀態係為電源400經由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20連接到轉換器30對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10充電，放電控制狀態係為鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10經由轉換器30對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20充電，控制器40依據偵測的鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10或電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的至少一電性特性，控制轉換器30於關閉狀態、充電控制狀態以及放電控制狀態間切換。The converter 30 of the energy conditioning system 100 includes an off state, a charge control state and a discharge control state. The off state means that the converter 30 does not perform charging or discharging operations, and the charge control state means that the power supply 400 passes through the second capacitor structure. The energy storage device 20 is connected to the converter 30 to charge the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. The discharge control state is that the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure charges the second energy storage device of the capacitor structure via the converter 30 20 Charging, the controller 40 controls the converter 30 in the off state, the charge control state and the discharge according to at least one electrical characteristic of the detected first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure or the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure. Switch between control states.
以上說明本發明的能量調節系統100的組成，隨後，詳述本發明的能量調節系統100的運作及功效。The above describes the composition of the energy regulating system 100 of the present invention, and then the operation and efficacy of the energy regulating system 100 of the present invention are described in detail.
參考圖1所示第一實施例，以電網為例，本發明提供一種能量調節系統100用於電網，其中鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10包含鋰(鐵)電池、三元鋰電池等任一項或其組合，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10是由n個鋰電池串並聯所組成，n大於等於1，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20包含超級電容、超級電容組、電容組等任一項或其組合，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20是由m個超級電容串並聯所組成， m大於等於1，電源400係為電網的功率調節系統或再生能源或發電機等，負載500係為電網的功率調節系統或為用戶負載的電氣裝置，當電網供電或有瞬間欠載時，即在一儲電模式，控制器40提供轉換器30對應於充電控制狀態的控制訊號CS crg，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20電性連接至電網的功率調節系統，以電網的功率調節系統作為電力來源，對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電，或者，藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞一輸出電壓V 1crg以及一輸出電流I 1crg，電網的功率調節系統經由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20連接至轉換器30對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10進行充電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10用來儲存電量，亦即，電網的功率調節系統輸出的電能得以經由轉換器30回充至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10；當電網缺電或有瞬間過載時，即在一轉儲模式，控制器40控制轉換器30切換至放電控制狀態CS discrg，以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10作為電力來源，藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 2crg以及輸出電流I 2crg，控制器40調節轉換器30允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電，或者以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10以及電容結構的第二儲能裝置20作為電力供電來源，允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10經過轉換器30連接電容結構的第二儲能裝置20對電網的功率調節系統或電氣裝置進行放電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10提供電容結構的第二儲能裝置20因自耗電或電網的供電功率調節系統或電氣裝置造成的電量損失，電網功率調節系統偶發的瞬間電壓跳動將由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20吸收或補充，穩定電網的供電品質。 Referring to the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, taking the power grid as an example, the present invention provides an energy regulation system 100 for use in the power grid, in which the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure includes a lithium (iron) battery, a ternary lithium battery, etc. Any one or a combination thereof, the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is composed of n lithium batteries connected in series and parallel, n is greater than or equal to 1, and the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure includes a supercapacitor, a supercapacitor group, Any item or combination of capacitor banks, etc., the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is composed of m supercapacitors connected in series and parallel, m is greater than or equal to 1, and the power supply 400 is a power conditioning system of the power grid, a renewable energy source, or a generator. etc., the load 500 is the power regulation system of the grid or an electrical device that is a user load. When the grid supplies power or there is a momentary underload, that is, in a power storage mode, the controller 40 provides control of the converter 30 corresponding to the charging control state. The signal CS crg indicates that the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure is electrically connected to the power conditioning system of the grid, and uses the power conditioning system of the grid as the power source to charge the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure, or by The controller 40 controls the converter 30 to deliver an output voltage V 1crg and an output current I 1crg . The power regulation system of the grid is connected to the converter 30 via the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure to the first energy storage device of the lithium battery structure. 10 for charging, the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used to store electricity, that is, the electric energy output by the power conditioning system of the grid can be recharged to the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure through the converter 30; when When the power grid is short of power or has a momentary overload, that is, in a dump mode, the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to switch to the discharge control state CS discrg , using the first energy storage device 10 with a lithium battery structure as the power source. 40 controls the converter 30 to transmit the output voltage V 2crg and the output current I 2crg . The controller 40 adjusts the converter 30 to allow the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to charge the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure, or to use lithium battery. The first energy storage device 10 of the battery structure and the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure are used as power supply sources, allowing the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to be connected to the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure through the converter 30 The power regulation system or electrical device of the power grid discharges, and the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure provides the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure for the power loss caused by self-consumption or the power supply power regulation system or electrical device of the power grid, Occasional instantaneous voltage jumps in the power grid power regulation system will be absorbed or supplemented by the second energy storage device 20 with a capacitive structure to stabilize the power supply quality of the grid.
在第一實施例中，以電網為例，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10藉由6組15顆串聯的鋰電池單元以並聯電性連接組成為例，複數個鋰電池單元的串聯及並聯組成鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10僅為本發明一實施例，並非本發明權利範圍的限制，本發明的鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10可以是鋰(鐵) 電池、三元鋰電池等任一項或其串聯及/或並聯組合，此實施例中，鋰電池單元的容量為6.0 Ahr（安時），充電截止電壓值3.6伏特，額定電壓值3.2伏特，放電截止電壓值3伏特，因此鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10充電截止電壓值為3.6伏特 × 15 = 54伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10額定電壓值為3.2伏特 × 15 = 48伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10放電截止電壓值為2.8伏特 × 15 = 42伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10電池容量為6.0 Ahr（安時）× 6 = 36 Ahr（安時），目前超級電容單元的容量可以做到很大，從幾法拉到數千法拉甚至萬法拉，但單一單元的電壓較低，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20以20顆超級電容單元450F(法拉(Farad))串聯電性連接所組成超級電容組為例，超級電容單元額定電壓值為3.0伏特，超級電容組額定電壓值為3.0伏特 × 20 = 60伏特，以電網功率調節系統的工作電壓範圍介於40伏特 與 54伏特之間，額定工作電壓為42伏特為例，設定超級電容組的第二上限電壓值V 2max為54伏特 ，超級電容組的第二下限電壓值V 2min為40伏特，在一浮充模式下，該第二儲能裝置20的該參考電壓值V R係大於等於負載500的一下限工作電壓值且小於等於負載500的一上限工作電壓值，或者，該參考電壓值V R係為負載500的額定工作電壓值，第一實施例以負載500為電網功率調節系統的額定工作電壓值42伏特為例說明，作為超級電容組的參考電壓值V R，也就是浮充電壓值，該控制器40偵測該第二儲能裝置20的該第二電壓值V 2低於該參考電壓值V R時，進入該轉儲模式，該控制器40控制該轉換器30允許該第一儲能裝置10對該第二儲能裝置20進行充電，直到該第二儲能裝置20的該第二電壓值V 2達到該參考電壓值V R。 In the first embodiment, taking the power grid as an example, the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure is composed of 6 groups of 15 lithium battery units connected in series and electrically connected in parallel. A plurality of lithium battery units are connected in series and The first energy storage device 10 connected in parallel to form a lithium battery structure is only an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure of the present invention can be a lithium (iron) battery, a triple Any of the lithium-ion batteries or their series and/or parallel combinations. In this embodiment, the capacity of the lithium battery unit is 6.0 Ahr (ampere hours), the charging cut-off voltage is 3.6 volts, the rated voltage is 3.2 volts, and the discharge cut-off voltage The value is 3 volts, so the charging cut-off voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 3.6 volts × 15 = 54 volts, and the rated voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 3.2 volts × 15 = 48 volts. The discharge cut-off voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 2.8 volts ). At present, the capacity of supercapacitor units can be very large, from a few farads to thousands of farads or even ten thousand farads, but the voltage of a single unit is low. The second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure uses 20 supercapacitor units 450F ( Take the supercapacitor group composed of Farads connected in series as an example. The rated voltage of the supercapacitor unit is 3.0 volts, and the rated voltage of the supercapacitor group is 3.0 volts × 20 = 60 volts. The operating voltage of the system is adjusted by the grid power. The range is between 40 volts and 54 volts. For example, the rated operating voltage is 42 volts. The second upper limit voltage value V 2max of the supercapacitor group is set to 54 volts, and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min of the supercapacitor group is set to 40 volts. , in a float charging mode, the reference voltage value VR of the second energy storage device 20 is greater than or equal to the lower limit operating voltage value of the load 500 and less than or equal to an upper limit operating voltage value of the load 500, or the reference voltage The value VR is the rated operating voltage value of the load 500. The first embodiment takes the load 500 as the rated operating voltage value of 42 volts of the power grid power regulation system as an example. As the reference voltage value VR of the supercapacitor group, that is, the floating The charging voltage value. When the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 is lower than the reference voltage value V R , it enters the dump mode. The controller 40 controls the converter 30 The first energy storage device 10 is allowed to charge the second energy storage device 20 until the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 reaches the reference voltage value VR .
進一步說明第一實施例具體運作方式，本發明能量調節系統100不僅能保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10而不受負載500或電源400開關機或充放電突波衝擊， 而且設計適當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的容量， 並且在該浮充模式下，於電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二上限電壓值V 2max以及第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的參考電壓值V R進行浮充，利用參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max之間的預留儲電區作為電容結構的第二儲能裝置20儲存瞬間的充電電力之用， 以吸收電網的功率調節系統或再生能源或發電機等所傳輸的瞬間突流或過載電力，同時可利用參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的預存電力區所儲存的能量作為電容結構的第二儲能裝置20提供瞬間放電電力需求， 以補充電網的功率調節系統的瞬間欠載電力之用，也因為絕大部份電網的功率調節系統的瞬間過載電力由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20吸收後儲存，之後再補充電能回電網的功率調節系統，當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20儲存電網上電源400的回收電力時，以電網的功率調節系統或再生能源或發電機等作為電力來源，對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電時，控制器40偵測電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2超過介於該參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max之間的一上中限電壓值時，其中，上中限電壓值的設定，可以將該參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max相加後除以2，得到該上中限電壓值，但本發明不限於此，進入儲電模式，將電網上電源400的回收電力充電至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，藉由觸動控制器40下指令調節轉換器30允許電網的電源400的回收電力經過電容結構的第二儲能裝置20對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10進行充電時，充電電流介於0C與1.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大充電電流值內之其他電流值，其中C用來表示電池在充電或放電時所用的電流，例如：額定容量36安培小時的電池，1.0C即為36安培，直到鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的該第一電壓值V 1已達依需求設定的第一上限電壓值V 1max，較佳為設定至充電截止電壓值，或者， 直到鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的該第一電流值I 1達到一第一下限電流值I 1min，第一下限電流值I 1min可以設定為0.2C，但本發明並不以此為限，控制器40偵測鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的第一電流值I 1達到一第一下限電流值I 1min，由控制器40提供對應於關閉狀態的控制訊號CS off給轉換器30，使轉換器30切換至關閉狀態，不進行充電動作，如此可以避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10過度充電，若鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10回收不及或已達第一上限電壓值V 1max，導致電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2持續上升至第二上限電壓值V 2max，能量調節系統100可以限制電流輸入或選擇性加入能耗裝置(圖未示)，例如：電阻器，以阻止或消耗回收不及的能量。 To further describe the specific operation mode of the first embodiment, the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention can not only protect the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure from the impact of the load 500 or the power supply 400 switching on and off or charging and discharging surges, but also design appropriate capacitors. The capacity of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure, and in the float charging mode, the reference voltage between the second upper limit voltage value V 2max and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure The value V R is float charged, and the reserved storage area between the reference voltage value V R and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max is used as the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure to store instant charging power to absorb the power grid. The instantaneous surge or overload power transmitted by the power conditioning system or renewable energy source or generator, etc., can also use the energy stored in the pre-stored power area between the reference voltage value V R and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min as a capacitor structure. The second energy storage device 20 provides instantaneous discharge power demand to supplement the instantaneous underload power of the power regulation system of the power grid. This is also because the instantaneous overload power of most power regulation systems of the power grid is provided by the second energy storage of the capacitor structure. The device 20 absorbs and stores it, and then replenishes the electric energy back to the power conditioning system of the grid. When the second energy storage device 20 with a capacitor structure stores the recycled electricity of the power supply 400 on the grid, it uses the power conditioning system of the grid or renewable energy sources or generators, etc. As a power source, when charging the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure, the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure exceeds the range between the reference voltage value VR and the second energy storage device 20 . When there is an upper middle limit voltage value between the two upper limit voltage values V 2max , the upper middle limit voltage value can be set by adding the reference voltage value VR and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max and dividing by 2. The upper and middle limit voltage values are obtained, but the invention is not limited thereto. It enters the power storage mode, charges the recycled power of the power supply 400 on the grid to the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure, and adjusts the command by touching the controller 40 The converter 30 allows the recycled power of the power supply 400 of the grid to charge the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure through the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure, the charging current is between 0C and 1.0C or the lithium battery structure. Other current values within the rated maximum charging current value of the first energy storage device 10, where C is used to represent the current used by the battery when charging or discharging. For example: for a battery with a rated capacity of 36 amp hours, 1.0C is 36 amps. , until the first voltage value V 1 of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure has reached the first upper limit voltage value V 1max set according to the demand, preferably set to the charging cut-off voltage value, or, until the lithium battery structure The first current value I 1 of the first energy storage device 10 reaches a first lower limit current value I 1min . The first lower limit current value I 1min can be set to 0.2C, but the present invention is not limited to this. The controller 40 detects that the first current value I 1 of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure reaches a first lower limit current value I 1min , and the controller 40 provides the control signal CS off corresponding to the off state to the converter 30 so that The converter 30 is switched to the off state and no charging operation is performed. This can prevent the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure from being overcharged. If the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure cannot recover enough or has reached the first upper limit voltage value, V 1max , causing the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure to continue to rise to the second upper limit voltage value V 2max . The energy regulation system 100 can limit the current input or selectively add energy consuming devices (not shown in the figure). ), such as resistors, to block or dissipate energy that cannot be recovered.
本發明的能量調節系統100，還包含一休眠省電模式，在第一實施例中，當本發明能量調節系統100供電給電網的功率調節系統，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的浮充放電電流小於等於一預設電流值，例如50毫安培，即進入休眠省電模式的一喚醒階段。The energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention also includes a sleep power saving mode. In the first embodiment, when the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention supplies power to the power conditioning system of the power grid, the floating charge of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is When the discharge current is less than or equal to a preset current value, such as 50 mA, it enters a wake-up phase of the sleep power saving mode.
在第一實施例中，當本發明能量調節系統100供電給電網的功率調節系統，控制器40偵測電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2低於該參考電壓值V R時，或者，當本發明能量調節系統100進入休眠省電模式的喚醒階段，控制器40偵測電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2低於第二下限電壓值V 2min或第二電壓值V 2低於介於該參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的一下中限電壓值時，進入轉儲模式，控制器40控制轉換器30允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10對電容結構的第二儲能裝置20進行充電，以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10作為電力來源，控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 2crg以及輸出電流I 2crg，以電流介於0C與2.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大放電電流內之其他電流值放電供電及充電，直到電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2達到該參考電壓值V R，避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10大電流放電，達到保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，或者，由電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的預存電力區所儲存的能量以及鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10電力以電流介於0C與2.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大放電電流值內之其他電流值共同放電，協助滿足電網的功率調節系統電力需求，如此可有效管控鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10放電電流，達到延長鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10壽命。 In the first embodiment, when the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention supplies power to the power conditioning system of the grid, the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure is lower than the reference voltage value V R , or when the energy regulation system 100 of the present invention enters the wake-up stage of the sleep power saving mode, the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure is lower than the second lower limit voltage value V 2min or when the second voltage value V2 is lower than the lower limit voltage value between the reference voltage value VR and the second lower limit voltage value V2min , the dump mode is entered, and the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to allow the lithium battery to The first energy storage device 10 of the battery structure charges the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used as the power source. The controller 40 controls the converter 30 to transmit the output voltage V 2crg and The output current I 2crg is used to discharge power and charge with a current value between 0C and 2.0C or other current values within the rated maximum discharge current of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure until the second energy storage device of the capacitor structure The second voltage value V 2 of 20 reaches the reference voltage value V R to avoid large current discharge of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure and to protect the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure, or by the capacitor structure. The energy stored in the pre-stored power area of the second energy storage device 20 and the power of the first energy storage device 10 of lithium battery structure have a current between 0C and 2.0C or the rated maximum of the first energy storage device 10 of lithium battery structure. Other current values within the discharge current value are discharged together to help meet the power demand of the power regulation system of the power grid. In this way, the discharge current of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure can be effectively controlled to extend the length of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. lifespan.
參考圖1所示第二實施例，以電動車為例，本發明第二實施例與第一實施例之能量調節系統100大致相同，兩者之差異處僅在於：電源400係為發電機、充電站、市電或電動車的動力回收系統等任一項或其組合，用於提供電動車的儲能系統所需電量，負載500係為電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置等任一項或其組合；電容結構的第二儲能裝置20分別直接電性連接至發電機、充電站、市電或動力回收系統與電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置，轉換器30位於鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10與電容結構的第二儲能裝置20之間，並且分別電性連接鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10與電容結構的第二儲能裝置20，控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓以及輸出電流。Referring to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , taking an electric vehicle as an example, the energy adjustment system 100 of the second embodiment of the present invention is roughly the same as that of the first embodiment. The only difference between the two is that the power supply 400 is a generator. The charging station, mains power or the power recovery system of the electric vehicle, or any combination thereof, is used to provide the power required by the energy storage system of the electric vehicle. The load 500 is any one or combination of the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle. Combination; the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is directly electrically connected to the generator, charging station, mains power or power recovery system and the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle, and the converter 30 is located in the first energy storage device of the lithium battery structure. between the device 10 and the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure, and are electrically connected to the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure and the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure respectively, the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to transmit the output voltage and output current.
在第二實施例中，電容結構的第二儲能裝置20係以超級電容組為例說明，利用超級電容組電性連接至電動車的動力回收系統或電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置，當動力回收系統輸出電能時，即在一儲電模式，控制器40提供轉換器30對應於充電控制狀態的控制訊號CS crg，以動力回收系統作為電力來源，動力回收系統輸出的電能經由超級電容組連接至轉換器30後再連接至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 1crg以及輸出電流I 1crg，對超級電容組進行充電，或經過超級電容組對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10進行充電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10用來儲存電量，亦即，動力回收系統輸出的電能得以直接由超級電容組吸收儲存，或是經由轉換器30回充至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，當超級電容組缺電時或需供電電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置時，即在一轉儲模式，以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10作為電力來源，控制器40調節轉換器30允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10對超級電容組進行充電，或者電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10以及超級電容組作為電力供電來源，允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10經過超級電容組對電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置進行放電，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10提供超級電容組因自耗電或供電給電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置所需的電量，電動馬達偶發的瞬間突流或大電流拉載將由超級電容組儲存或供應，以穩定電力系統的供電品質。 In the second embodiment, the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitive structure is explained using a supercapacitor group as an example. The supercapacitor group is used to electrically connect to the power recovery system of the electric vehicle or the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle. When When the power recovery system outputs electric energy, that is, in a power storage mode, the controller 40 provides the converter 30 with a control signal CS crg corresponding to the charging control state, using the power recovery system as the power source. The electric energy output by the power recovery system passes through the supercapacitor group. The first energy storage device 10 is connected to the converter 30 and then to the lithium battery structure. The controller 40 controls the converter 30 to transmit the output voltage V 1crg and the output current I 1crg to charge the supercapacitor group, or through the super The capacitor bank charges the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used to store electricity. That is, the electric energy output by the power recovery system can be directly absorbed and stored by the supercapacitor bank, or The first energy storage device 10 is recharged to the lithium battery structure through the converter 30. When the supercapacitor bank is short of power or needs to power the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle, that is, in a dump mode, the lithium battery structure is used. The first energy storage device 10 serves as a power source, and the controller 40 adjusts the converter 30 to allow the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure to charge the supercapacitor group, or the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle uses a lithium battery structure. The first energy storage device 10 and the supercapacitor group serve as power supply sources, allowing the first energy storage device 10 in the lithium battery structure to discharge the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle through the supercapacitor group. The first energy storage device in the lithium battery structure The device 10 provides the power required by the supercapacitor group for self-consumption or power supply to the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle. The occasional instantaneous surge or large current load of the electric motor will be stored or supplied by the supercapacitor group to stabilize the power system. Power supply quality.
在第二實施例中，以電動車鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10藉由6組15顆串聯的鋰電池單元以並聯電性連接組成為例，複數個鋰電池單元的串聯及並聯組成鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10僅為本發明一實施例，並非本發明權利範圍的限制，本發明的鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10可以是鋰(鐵) 電池、三元鋰電池等任一項或其串聯及/或並聯組合，此實施例中，鋰電池單元的充電截止電壓值4.2伏特，額定電壓值3.6伏特，放電截止電壓值3伏特 ，每組鋰電池容量4.9 Ahr（安時），「電池容量」係由電池所儲存之電荷的度量，一般以安培小時(安時，Ahr)，因此鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10充電截止電壓值為4.2伏特 × 15 = 63伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10額定電壓值為3.6伏特 × 15 = 54伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10放電截止電壓值為2.8伏特 × 15 = 42伏特，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10電池容量為4.9 Ahr（安時）× 6 = 29.4 Ahr（安時）。In the second embodiment, taking the first energy storage device 10 of an electric vehicle lithium battery structure as an example, it is composed of 6 groups of 15 lithium battery units connected in series and electrically connected in parallel. A plurality of lithium battery units are connected in series and in parallel. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not a limitation of the scope of the present invention. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure of the present invention can be a lithium (iron) battery or a ternary lithium battery. Any one of the batteries or their series and/or parallel combinations. In this embodiment, the charging cut-off voltage of the lithium battery unit is 4.2 volts, the rated voltage is 3.6 volts, the discharge cut-off voltage is 3 volts, and the capacity of each lithium battery group is 4.9 Ahr. (Ampere-hour), "battery capacity" is a measure of the charge stored by the battery, generally in Ampere-hour (Ahr), so the charging cut-off voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 4.2 volts × 15 = 63 volts, the rated voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 3.6 volts × 15 = 54 volts, the discharge cut-off voltage value of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is 2.8 volts × 15 = 42 volts, lithium battery The battery capacity of the first energy storage device 10 of the pool structure is 4.9 Ahr (ampere hour) × 6 = 29.4 Ahr (ampere hour).
本發明能量調節系統100，在第二實施例中，當本發明能量調節系統100供電給電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置時，超級電容組的浮充放電電流小於等於一預設電流值，例如50毫安培，即進入休眠省電模式的喚醒階段。In the second embodiment of the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention, when the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention supplies power to the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle, the floating charge and discharge current of the supercapacitor group is less than or equal to a preset current value, for example 50 mA, that is, entering the wake-up phase of sleep power saving mode.
當本發明能量調節系統100供電給電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置時，控制器40偵測超級電容組的的第二儲能裝置20第二電壓值V 2下降至低於該參考電壓值V R時，或者，當本發明能量調節系統100進入休眠省電模式的喚醒階段，控制器40偵測超級電容組的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2低於該第二下限電壓值V 2min或第二電壓值V 2低於介於該參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的一下中限電壓值，其中下中限電壓值的設定，可以將該參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min相加後除以2，得到該下中限電壓值，但本發明不限於此，進入轉儲模式，控制器40控制轉換器30切換至放電控制狀態CS discrg，以鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10作為電力來源，允許鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10連接轉換器30對超級電容組進行充電，即藉由控制器40控制轉換器30傳遞輸出電壓V 2crg以及輸出電流I 2crg，對超級電容組進行充電至該參考電壓值V R，將電力預先儲存至超級電容組的第二儲能裝置20的預存電力區，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，以電流介於0C與2.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大放電電流內之其他電流值放電供電及充電超級電容組，或者，由超級電容組的預存電力區所儲存的能量，以及鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10以電流介於0C與2.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大放電電流內之其他電流值共同放電，協助滿足電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置的電力需求，經由轉換器30以充電電流介於.0C與2.0C之間放電浮充超級電容組及供電電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置，避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10大電流放電，達到延長鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10壽命。 When the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention supplies power to the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle, the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group drops below the reference voltage value V R , or when the energy regulation system 100 of the present invention enters the wake-up stage of the sleep power saving mode, the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group is lower than the second lower limit voltage. The value V 2min or the second voltage value V 2 is lower than a lower middle limit voltage value between the reference voltage value V R and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min . The lower middle limit voltage value can be set by setting the reference voltage value VR. The voltage value V R is added to the second lower limit voltage value V 2min and divided by 2 to obtain the lower middle limit voltage value. However, the present invention is not limited to this. When the dump mode is entered, the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to switch to discharge control. In the state CS discrg , the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used as the power source, allowing the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to connect to the converter 30 to charge the supercapacitor group, that is, the controller 40 controls the converter. 30 transmits the output voltage V 2crg and the output current I 2crg , charges the supercapacitor group to the reference voltage value VR , and pre-stores the power in the pre-stored power area of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group. The lithium battery structure The first energy storage device 10 discharges power and charges the supercapacitor group with a current between 0C and 2.0C or other current values within the rated maximum discharge current of the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure, or by a super The energy stored in the pre-stored power area of the capacitor bank, and the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure uses a current between 0C and 2.0C or within the rated maximum discharge current of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. Other current values are discharged together to help meet the power demand of the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle. The floating supercapacitor group is discharged through the converter 30 with a charging current between .0C and 2.0C and supplies the electric motor of the electric vehicle or The electrical device prevents the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure from being discharged by a large current, thereby extending the life of the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure.
本發明能量調節系統100，在第二實施例中，以電動馬達的工作電壓42伏特 ± 10伏特為例，電動馬達的額定工作電壓為42伏特，第二上限電壓值V 2max較佳設定為電動馬達的上限工作電壓值減去一裕度值，例如本範例電動馬達的上限工作電壓值為52伏特，裕度值為1伏特，因此第二上限電壓值V 2max為52伏特 - 1伏特 = 51伏特，第二下限電壓值V 2min較佳設定為電動馬達的下限工作電壓值加上該裕度值，例如本範例電動馬達的下限工作電壓值為32伏特，裕度值為1伏特，因此第二下限電壓值V 2min為32伏特 + 1伏特 = 33伏特，以超級電容組為電容結構的第二儲能裝置20為例，在一浮充模式下，該第二儲能裝置20的該參考電壓值V R係大於等於負載500的一下限工作電壓值且小於等於負載500的一上限工作電壓值，或者，該參考電壓值V R係為負載500的額定工作電壓值，第二實施例以負載500為電動馬達的額定工作電壓值42伏特為例說明，作為超級電容組的參考電壓值V R，也就是浮充電壓值，該控制器40偵測該第二儲能裝置20的該第二電壓值V 2低於該參考電壓值V R時，進入該轉儲模式，該控制器40控制該轉換器30允許該第一儲能裝置10對該第二儲能裝置20進行充電，直到該第二儲能裝置20的該第二電壓值V 2達到該參考電壓值V R。 In the second embodiment of the energy regulating system 100 of the present invention, taking the working voltage of the electric motor as 42 volts ± 10 volts as an example, the rated working voltage of the electric motor is 42 volts, and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max is preferably set to The upper limit operating voltage value of the motor is reduced by a margin value. For example, the upper limit operating voltage value of the electric motor in this example is 52 volts and the margin value is 1 volt. Therefore, the second upper limit voltage value V 2max is 52 volts - 1 volt = 51 Volts, the second lower limit voltage value V 2min is preferably set to the lower limit operating voltage value of the electric motor plus the margin value. For example, the lower limit operating voltage value of the electric motor in this example is 32 volts, and the margin value is 1 volt, so the The second lower limit voltage value V 2min is 32 volts + 1 volt = 33 volts. Taking the second energy storage device 20 with a supercapacitor group as a capacitor structure as an example, in a float charging mode, the reference value of the second energy storage device 20 The voltage value VR is greater than or equal to the lower limit operating voltage value of the load 500 and less than or equal to an upper limit operating voltage value of the load 500. Alternatively, the reference voltage value VR is the rated operating voltage value of the load 500. The second embodiment is as follows: As an example, the load 500 is the rated operating voltage of the electric motor of 42 volts. As the reference voltage VR of the supercapacitor group, which is the floating charge voltage, the controller 40 detects the third voltage of the second energy storage device 20 . When the second voltage value V 2 is lower than the reference voltage value VR , the dump mode is entered, and the controller 40 controls the converter 30 to allow the first energy storage device 10 to charge the second energy storage device 20 until The second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 reaches the reference voltage value VR .
當電動車動力回收系統回收電力，超級電容組儲存動力回收系統的回收電力時，以動力回收系統作為電力來源，對超級電容組進行充電儲存回收的動力至預留儲電區，當超級電容組電壓持續上升至第二上限電壓值V 2max，即本實施例的51伏特時，可識別為機械式剎車介入始點，控制器40同時關掉電動馬達的動力回收功能，當超級電容組電壓降低後，例如小於等於49伏特，重啟電動馬達的動力回收功能；另一實施方式為，當控制器40偵測超級電容組的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2超過介於該參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max之間的一上中限電壓值時，其中，上中限電壓值的設定，可以將該參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max相加後除以2，得到該上中限電壓值，於此實施例中可設定為 ( 42 + 51 ) / 2 = 46.5伏特，但本發明不限於此，進入儲電模式，將動力回收系統的回收電力充電至鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，藉由觸動控制器40下指令調節轉換器30允許動力回收系統的回收電力經過超級電容組對鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10進行充電時，充電電流介於0C與1.0C之間或鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的額定最大充電電流值內之其他電流，以轉換器30有升壓充電實質約0.5C充電電流為例，直到鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的該第一電壓值V 1已達依需求設定至較第一下限電壓值V 1min高的第一上限電壓值V 1max，較佳為設定至鋰電池結構的充電截止電壓值，或者， 直到鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的該第一電流值I 1達到一第一下限電流值I 1min，第一下限電流值I 1min可以設定為0.2C，但本發明並不以此為限，控制器40偵測鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的第一電流值I 1達到一第一下限電流值I 1min，由控制器40提供對應於關閉狀態的控制訊號CS off給轉換器30，使轉換器30切換至關閉狀態，不進行充電動作，如此可以避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10過度充電，若鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10仍回收不及導致超級電容組的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2持續上升至第二上限電壓值V 2max，能量調節系統100可以選擇性加入機械式剎車或能耗裝置(圖未示)，例如：電阻器，以消耗回收不及的能量。 When the electric vehicle power recovery system recovers electricity and the supercapacitor bank stores the recovered power from the power recovery system, the power recovery system is used as the power source to charge the supercapacitor bank and store the recovered power to the reserved storage area. When the supercapacitor bank When the voltage continues to rise to the second upper limit voltage value V 2max , which is 51 volts in this embodiment, it can be identified as the starting point of mechanical brake intervention. The controller 40 also turns off the power recovery function of the electric motor. When the voltage of the supercapacitor bank decreases, Then, for example, less than or equal to 49 volts, the power recovery function of the electric motor is restarted; another embodiment is that when the controller 40 detects that the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group exceeds the reference value, When there is an upper middle limit voltage value between the voltage value VR and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max , the setting of the upper middle limit voltage value can make the reference voltage value VR and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max consistent. After adding and dividing by 2, the upper and middle limit voltage values are obtained. In this embodiment, it can be set to (42 + 51) / 2 = 46.5 volts. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It enters the power storage mode and sets the power recovery system to The recovered power is charged to the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. By triggering the controller 40 to instruct the regulator 30 to allow the recovered power of the power recovery system to pass through the supercapacitor group to charge the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. During charging, the charging current is between 0C and 1.0C or other currents within the rated maximum charging current value of the first energy storage device 10 with a lithium battery structure. Assuming that the converter 30 has boost charging, the charging current is approximately 0.5C. For example, until the first voltage value V 1 of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure has reached the first upper limit voltage value V 1max that is higher than the first lower limit voltage value V 1min according to the requirements, it is preferably set to The charging cut-off voltage value of the lithium battery structure, or until the first current value I 1 of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure reaches a first lower limit current value I 1min , the first lower limit current value I 1min can be set as 0.2C, but the invention is not limited to this. The controller 40 detects that the first current value I 1 of the first energy storage device 10 in a lithium battery structure reaches a first lower limit current value I 1min , which is provided by the controller 40 The control signal CS off corresponding to the off state is sent to the converter 30, causing the converter 30 to switch to the off state without charging. This can avoid overcharging of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. If the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is One energy storage device 10 still cannot recover enough, causing the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group to continue to rise to the second upper limit voltage value V 2max . The energy adjustment system 100 can selectively add mechanical braking or energy Consuming devices (not shown), such as resistors, are used to consume energy that cannot be recovered.
當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20由超級電容組以1個串聯20顆400F超級電容並聯所組成時，超級電容組於42伏特浮充下已經暫時儲存於預存電力區的能量有400F/20 × (42伏特 – 33伏特) = 180AS(安秒)，另外，能量調節系統100可經由鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10以例如2.0C的放電電流可再供應給電動車的電動馬達瞬間加速下可輸出的電流為2 × 29.4安培 = 58.8安培，如此，能量調節系統100在超級電容組降至第二下限電壓值V 2min的33伏特的工作截止電壓值前，可由預存電力區與2.0C放電供應共約180 + 58.8 = 238.8AS(安秒)的能量足夠支撐電動馬達於2秒以內到達4.0C = 4 × 29.4 = 118安培的加速需求，可有效降低鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10瞬間放電電流至少約2.0C或以上，達到延長鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10壽命。雖然電動馬達放電瞬間有突流，但因能量調節系統100浮充設計，預留儲電區可以吸收電動馬達開機或運轉過程中所產生的突流 。 When the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is composed of a supercapacitor group connected in parallel with 20 400F supercapacitors in series, the energy that the supercapacitor group has temporarily stored in the pre-stored power area under 42 volt float charge is 400F/20 × (42 volts – 33 volts) = 180AS (ampere seconds). In addition, the energy conditioning system 100 can re-supply the electric motor of the electric vehicle with a discharge current of, for example, 2.0C via the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. The current that can be output under acceleration is 2 × 29.4 amps = 58.8 amps. In this way, before the supercapacitor group drops to the second lower limit voltage value V, which is the working cut-off voltage of 33 volts for 2 minutes , the energy conditioning system 100 can use the pre-stored power area with 2.0 C discharge supplies a total of approximately 180 + 58.8 = 238.8AS (amperes) of energy, which is enough to support the electric motor to reach the acceleration demand of 4.0C = 4 × 29.4 = 118 amps within 2 seconds, which can effectively reduce the first energy storage of the lithium battery structure The instantaneous discharge current of the device 10 is at least about 2.0C or above, thereby extending the life of the first energy storage device 10 in a lithium battery structure. Although there is a sudden current when the electric motor is discharging, due to the floating charging design of the energy regulation system 100, the reserved storage area can absorb the sudden current generated during the startup or operation of the electric motor.
當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20由超級電容組以1個串聯20顆 400法拉的超級電容並聯所組成時，超級電容組由浮充的參考電壓值V R上升至第二上限電壓值V 2max可於預留儲電區儲存的回收能量有400F / 20× (51伏特–42伏特) = 180AS(安秒)，可回收的電力約有180安秒 × ( 51 + 42 ) / 2伏特 = 0.0023千瓦小時，千瓦小時是指1度電，在例如40Km的續航力使用時，若每次剎車可回收0.0023度的電量，則剎車50次，動力回收系統的回收電力可回收約0.1度，約佔6%以上電力回收率。 When the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is composed of a supercapacitor group and a series of 20 supercapacitors of 400 farads connected in parallel, the supercapacitor group rises from the floating reference voltage value V R to the second upper limit voltage value V The recovered energy that 2max can store in the reserved power storage area is 400F / 20 × (51 volts – 42 volts) = 180AS (ampere seconds), and the recyclable power is approximately 180 ampere seconds × (51 + 42) / 2 volts = 0.0023 kilowatt hours. A kilowatt hour refers to 1 kilowatt hour of electricity. When using, for example, a 40Km endurance, if 0.0023 kilowatt hours of electricity can be recovered each time the brake is applied, then braking 50 times, the recovered electricity of the power recovery system can recover about 0.1 kilowatt hours, accounting for about Electricity recovery rate above 6%.
本發明的能量調節系統100，當超級電容組浮充放電電流小於等於50毫安培或其他電流時，能量調節系統100進入休眠省電模式，在休眠省電模式的喚醒階段每秒醒來10毫秒或其他，當超級電容組的第二儲能裝置20的第二電壓值V 2低於介於該參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的一下中限電壓值，其下中限電壓值的設定，可以是將該參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min相加後除以2，得到該下中限電壓值，或者，設定該第二下限電壓值V 2min為該下中限電壓值，但本發明不限於此，例如當電容結構的第二儲能裝置20由超級電容組以1個串聯20顆額定電壓值2.7伏特的超級電容所組成時，下中限電壓值可設定為(42伏特 + 33伏特)/2 = 37.5 伏特，或者設定為第二下限電壓值V 2min的33伏特時，再喚醒能量調節系統100進行浮充動作。 In the energy regulation system 100 of the present invention, when the supercapacitor bank float charge and discharge current is less than or equal to 50 milliamperes or other currents, the energy regulation system 100 enters the sleep power saving mode, and wakes up every second for 10 milliseconds during the wake-up phase of the sleep power saving mode. Or else, when the second voltage value V 2 of the second energy storage device 20 of the supercapacitor group is lower than a middle limit voltage value between the reference voltage value VR and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min , the lower The setting of the middle limit voltage value may be to add the reference voltage value VR and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min and divide by 2 to obtain the lower middle limit voltage value, or to set the second lower limit voltage value V 2min is the lower middle limit voltage value, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, when the second energy storage device 20 of the capacitor structure is composed of a supercapacitor group with 20 supercapacitors with a rated voltage of 2.7 volts connected in series, the lower middle limit voltage value is The limit voltage value can be set to (42 volts + 33 volts)/2 = 37.5 volts, or set to the second lower limit voltage value V 2min of 33 volts, and then wake up the energy adjustment system 100 to perform the float charge action.
第二實施例中，本發明能量調節系統100，在該浮充模式下，利用超級電容組的參考電壓值V R與第二上限電壓值V 2max之間的預留儲電區的儲存空間作為超級電容組儲存瞬間的充電電力之用，以儲存動力回收系統所傳輸的瞬間電力，同時利用超級電容組的參考電壓值V R與第二下限電壓值V 2min之間的預存電力區所儲存的能量作為超級電容組提供瞬間放電所需的電力之用，以補充電動車的電動馬達或電氣裝置的瞬間負載電力之用，鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10用來儲存與提供電力，超級電容組作為電動車啓動、剎車及動力回收時的突流吸收裝置以保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10，因此本發明能量調節系統100具有提供電動馬達開機瞬間突流、儲存動力回收系統回收充電電流，以及降低鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10約2.0C或以上的瞬間加速供電電流等功能。 In the second embodiment, the energy adjustment system 100 of the present invention, in the float charging mode, uses the storage space of the reserved storage area between the reference voltage value V R and the second upper limit voltage value V 2max of the supercapacitor group as the storage space. The supercapacitor bank is used to store instantaneous charging power to store the instantaneous power transmitted by the power recovery system. At the same time, the supercapacitor bank uses the pre-stored power area between the reference voltage value V R and the second lower limit voltage value V 2min to store The energy is used as the supercapacitor group to provide the power required for instantaneous discharge to supplement the instantaneous load power of the electric motor or electrical device of the electric vehicle. The first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is used to store and provide power. The super The capacitor bank serves as a surge absorbing device during starting, braking and power recovery of an electric vehicle to protect the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure. Therefore, the energy conditioning system 100 of the present invention has the function of providing an instant surge when the electric motor is started, storing the power and recovering the system for charging. current, and the function of reducing the instantaneous acceleration supply current of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure to about 2.0C or above.
本發明所揭能量調節系統100作為鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10與電源400或負載500之間儲存、平衡及傳遞電力之用，能量調節系統100因內建有控制器40及轉換器30的充放電機制，因此，本發明能量調節系統100具有的功能，包括吸收電源400或負載500的開機突流、儲存電源400的突流或充電電流，以及在電容結構的第二儲能裝置20的瞬間大電流輔助供電下，有效降低約2.0C或以上的鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10瞬間放電電流，避免鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10大電流充電或放電，達到保護鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的目的。The energy conditioning system 100 disclosed in the present invention is used to store, balance and transmit power between the first energy storage device 10 in a lithium battery structure and the power supply 400 or load 500. The energy conditioning system 100 has a built-in controller 40 and a converter. 30 charging and discharging mechanism. Therefore, the energy regulating system 100 of the present invention has functions including absorbing the startup inrush current of the power supply 400 or the load 500, storing the inrush current or charging current of the power supply 400, and the second energy storage device 20 in the capacitor structure. Under the instantaneous large current auxiliary power supply, the instantaneous discharge current of the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure is effectively reduced to about 2.0C or above, preventing the first energy storage device 10 of the lithium battery structure from charging or discharging with high current, so as to protect the lithium battery. The purpose of the first energy storage device 10 of the structure.
本發明所揭能量調節系統100所應用不以電動機車、電動車、電網的功率調節系統為限，且能量調節系統100本身可以與鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10組合後成為一個獨立電瓶裝置，達到保護並且延長鋰電池結構的第一儲能裝置10的使用壽命，同時能量調節系統100滿足蓄電、穩壓以及大電流的需求，其中電容結構的第二儲能裝置20穩壓讓電源400或負載500更有效率及穩定。The application of the energy adjustment system 100 disclosed in the present invention is not limited to the power adjustment system of electric locomotives, electric vehicles, and power grids, and the energy adjustment system 100 itself can be combined with the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure to become an independent battery. device to protect and extend the service life of the first energy storage device 10 of a lithium battery structure. At the same time, the energy regulation system 100 meets the needs of power storage, voltage stabilization and large current. The second energy storage device 20 of a capacitor structure stabilizes the voltage of the power supply. 400 or load 500 is more efficient and stable.
最後，強調，本發明於前揭實施例中所揭露的構成元件，僅為舉例說明，並非用來限制本案之範圍，其他等效元件的替代或變化，亦應為本案之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。Finally, it is emphasized that the structural elements disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are only examples and are not used to limit the scope of this case. Substitutions or changes of other equivalent elements should also be covered by the patent application scope of this case. .
100:能量調節系統 400:電源 500:負載 10:第一儲能裝置 20:第二儲能裝置 30:轉換器 40:控制器 V 1:第一儲能裝置的第一電壓值 V 2:第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值 I 1:第一儲能裝置的第一電流值 V 1crg、V 2crg:輸出電壓 I 1crg、I 2crg:輸出電流 CS crg、CS discrg、CS off:控制訊號 100: Energy conditioning system 400: Power supply 500: Load 10: First energy storage device 20: Second energy storage device 30: Converter 40: Controller V 1 : First voltage value of the first energy storage device V 2 : First energy storage device The second voltage value I 1 of the second energy storage device: the first current value V 1crg and V 2crg of the first energy storage device: the output voltage I 1crg and I 2crg : the output current CS crg , CS discrg and CS off : the control signal
圖1為能量調節系統的示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy conditioning system.
100:能量調節系統 100:Energy regulation system
400:電源 400:Power supply
500:負載 500:Load
10:第一儲能裝置 10: First energy storage device
20:第二儲能裝置 20: Second energy storage device
30:轉換器 30:Converter
40:控制器 40:Controller
V1:第一儲能裝置的第一電壓值 V 1 : the first voltage value of the first energy storage device
V2:第二儲能裝置的第二電壓值 V 2 : The second voltage value of the second energy storage device
I1:第一儲能裝置的第一電流值 I 1 : the first current value of the first energy storage device
V1crg、V2crg:輸出電壓 V 1crg , V 2crg : output voltage
I1crg、I2crg:輸出電流 I 1crg , I 2crg : output current
CScrg、CSdiscrg、CSoff:控制訊號 CS crg , CS discrg , CS off : control signal
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111143602A TWI830498B (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2022-11-15 | Energy regulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111143602A TWI830498B (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2022-11-15 | Energy regulation system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI830498B true TWI830498B (en) | 2024-01-21 |
Family
ID=90459237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111143602A TWI830498B (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2022-11-15 | Energy regulation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI830498B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200934043A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-08-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Charge control circuit |
| TW201121189A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-06-16 | Boston Power Inc | Safety and performance optimized controls for large scale electric vehicle battery systems |
| CN110291706A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-09-27 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Power supply unit and battery pack including power supply unit |
| CN110391686A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge control circuit |
| TWI750087B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-12-11 | 天揚精密科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent energy storage system |
| TWM632963U (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-10-11 | 黃永昇 | Power supply apparatus for supplying power with a battery unit integrally combined with a supercapacitor |
-
2022
- 2022-11-15 TW TW111143602A patent/TWI830498B/en active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200934043A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-08-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Charge control circuit |
| TW201121189A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-06-16 | Boston Power Inc | Safety and performance optimized controls for large scale electric vehicle battery systems |
| CN110291706A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-09-27 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Power supply unit and battery pack including power supply unit |
| US20190363552A1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-11-28 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Power supply and battery pack including same |
| CN110391686A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge control circuit |
| TWI750087B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-12-11 | 天揚精密科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent energy storage system |
| TWM632963U (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-10-11 | 黃永昇 | Power supply apparatus for supplying power with a battery unit integrally combined with a supercapacitor |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101174891B1 (en) | Energy storage system and controlling method of the same | |
| EP3528362B1 (en) | Charging facility and energy management method for charging facility | |
| KR101097265B1 (en) | Energy storage system and controlling method of the same | |
| US6949843B2 (en) | Grid-connected power systems having back-up power sources and methods of providing back-up power in grid-connected power systems | |
| US9093845B2 (en) | Electrical energy store and method for closed-loop control of such energy store | |
| US10343872B2 (en) | Elevator system having battery and energy storage device | |
| JP2004064814A (en) | Method and system for power supply | |
| JPH1169893A (en) | Hybrid power generation system | |
| KR20190076403A (en) | Hybrid solar energy storage apparatus with charging and discharging | |
| JP2008131736A (en) | Distributed power system and step-up/step-down chopper device | |
| JP2003348768A (en) | Unieterruptible power supply unit | |
| CN106961150B (en) | Control method and system of composite energy storage battery | |
| CN105846419A (en) | Photovoltaic and diesel complementary power supply system based on DC microgrid | |
| JP2020045094A (en) | Power supply device, flying tool using the same, and power supply method thereof | |
| JPH09191565A (en) | Dc distribution system | |
| CN106159980B (en) | Power generation system and energy management method | |
| KR20180090673A (en) | Hybrid energy storage system | |
| JP2002218654A (en) | Photovoltaic power generation system | |
| TWI830498B (en) | Energy regulation system | |
| CN106026174B (en) | A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function | |
| KR20110112678A (en) | Power control system by using distributed generation | |
| JP2001177995A (en) | Hybrid power supply system | |
| JPH0965582A (en) | Power supply system utilizing solar cell | |
| US11837914B2 (en) | Electric drive system | |
| JP2003079070A (en) | Electric power storage system |