TWI828531B - Station building design system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A station architectural design system includes a design platform and a terminal device. The design platform has a calculation program, and the terminal device has a space configuration program, a modeling program and a calibration program. The design platform is connected through the network, and the terminal device performs calculation steps and modeling steps. and verification steps to produce a station architectural design that meets specifications.

Description

Station building design system and method

The present invention relates to architectural design systems and methods, and in particular to a station architectural design system and method.

The quality of the station building space configuration directly affects the comfort of passengers entering and exiting the station and waiting for trains, as well as the operational efficiency of various equipment in the station.

Generally, in the early stage of station design, external constraints including off-road land, road width, etc. must be considered, and the locations of each entrance and exit must be confirmed. The planning of public areas within the station must consider the horizontal or vertical movement lines of passengers, including paid areas, unpaid areas and through traffic areas. Moving lines to each entrance and exit; mechanical, electrical, water ring and other machine rooms are set up in non-public areas. Machine rooms with specific functions have adjacent or similar requirements and must be configured in a modular manner. If it is an underground station, its air intake and exhaust Air and pressure relief pipes need to occupy a large space and must be connected to ground entrances or ventilation shafts at specific locations.

Figure 1 shows the existing MRT station design process, which mainly includes steps such as calculating facility requirements, making graphic design drawings, verifying the design, and making three-dimensional models. Among them, the basic requirements for making graphic design drawings and their derived details, the amount of facilities, and the spatial configuration The design results must meet the requirements of the specifications, and the station escape routes and times must also be reviewed. There are many design rules for MRT stations, and various design parameters are closely related. Especially in the detailed design stage, more rigorous review is required.

Design and verification are the focus of work that are closely integrated. The existing MRT station design process will be verified after the design is completed. Currently, the design of escape routes for MRT stations is checked mainly by designers subjectively judging the location of the fire source that may cause the farthest escape route, and then based on the escape check calculation method stipulated in the Taipei MRT Medium Traffic Volume Planning Manual, the passengers are calculated. The time it takes for this scenario to escape from the platform level to the ground level, and then use fire simulation software to simulate the station environment during the fire with the fire source location, and review the simulation results of fire environment-related indicators to determine whether the passenger escape time is sufficient. In addition to being time-consuming, the existing technology may be biased towards individual subjective determination of key items or standards for verification. If it is not checked by experienced senior designers, errors may easily occur.

Therefore, the inventor of this case came up with the present invention after observing the above issues.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a station building design system and method, which replaces the traditional operation method of using CAD plan drawings as the main axis of work.

The station building design system of the present invention includes a design platform and a terminal device. The design platform has a calculation program, and the calculation program is provided with station facility standard values; the terminal device has a space configuration program, a modeling program and a verification program, and the verification program is provided with For the station space standard value and escape standard value, the terminal device connects to the design platform through the network and performs the following steps: input the station parameters into the calculation program, and the calculation program generates the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station parameters and station facility standard values; input the station space The geometric conditions and moving line conditions are transferred to the space configuration program. The spatial configuration program arranges and combines the number of facilities and space demand values according to the station space geometric conditions and moving line conditions to generate multiple station space configuration plans; uses the modeling program to generate multiple station space configuration plans corresponding to the plural station configuration plans. Three-dimensional models; and use the calibration program to check the space requirements, facility volume requirements and escape route conditions of multiple station three-dimensional models based on the station space standard values, station facility standard values and escape standard values to generate values that meet the station space standard values and station facility standard values. and station building design with escape standard values.

In one embodiment, the station parameters include the number of floors, platform length, platform width, peak hour train interval, and full train capacity.

In one embodiment, the station spatial geometric conditions include the elevation of the station floor, the range of public areas and non-public areas, and the moving line conditions include elevator shafts, escalators, and stairs.

In one embodiment, the modeling program is connected to a building component library, and the modeling program retrieves three-dimensional graphics of building components corresponding to a plurality of station space configuration plans from the building component library to generate a plurality of station three-dimensional models.

In one embodiment, the calibration program checks the space requirements of multiple station three-dimensional models including rooms, platform lengths, platform widths, entrance and exit passage widths, and vertical line facility clearances, and the calibration program checks the facility capacity of multiple station three-dimensional models. The requirements include automatic ticket vending machines, ticket gates and public toilets. The verification program verifies the escape path conditions of multiple station 3D models, including the time to evacuate the platform and the time to evacuate to a safe location.

The station building design method of the present invention includes: inputting the number of users of the station space into the calculation program, and the calculation program generates the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station facility specification value; inputting the station space geometric conditions and vertical movement line conditions into the space configuration program, and the space configuration The program generates multiple station space configuration plans by arranging and combining the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station space geometric conditions and vertical circulation conditions. The modeling program is used to generate multiple station three-dimensional models corresponding to the multiple station configuration plans; and the verification program is used according to the station space specifications. Value, station facility standard value and escape standard value Check the space requirements, facility volume requirements and escape route conditions of multiple station three-dimensional models to produce a station architectural design that meets the station space standard value, station facility standard value and escape standard value.

In one embodiment, the station parameters include peak hour passenger volume and escalator transportation capacity, and the number of facilities includes the number of elevators and escalators and the number of stairs.

In one embodiment, the station space geometric conditions include the elevation of the station floor, the scope of public areas and non-public areas, and the vertical movement conditions include elevator shafts, escalators, and stairs.

In one embodiment, the modeling program is connected to a building component library, and the modeling program retrieves three-dimensional graphics of building components corresponding to a plurality of station space configuration plans from the building component library to generate a plurality of station three-dimensional models.

In one embodiment, the calibration program checks the space requirements of multiple station three-dimensional models including rooms, platform lengths, platform widths, entrance and exit passage widths, and vertical line facility clearances, and the calibration program checks the facility capacity of multiple station three-dimensional models. The requirements include automatic ticket vending machines, ticket gates and public toilets. The verification program verifies the escape path conditions of multiple station 3D models, including the time to evacuate the platform and the time to evacuate to a safe location.

The station building design system and method of the present invention have incorporated standardized parameters and customized design conditions into the design process, allowing simultaneous design and verification, which not only improves design efficiency but also maintains design quality.

In order to enable those familiar with the art to understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Inventive concepts will now be elucidated more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts are shown. The advantages and features of the inventive concept, as well as the methods for achieving them, will be apparent from the following exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present.

Example embodiments are described herein with reference to the drawings, which are idealized illustrations of the examples. Therefore, deviations from the shapes illustrated are expected to occur due, for example, to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Accordingly, the regions shown in the figures are schematic and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shapes of the regions of the device nor to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a station building design system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the station building design system 1 includes a design platform 11 and a terminal device 12 . The terminal device 12 can be connected to the design platform 11 via a regional or Internet 100 . The design platform 11 has a calculation program, which is provided with station facility standard values; the terminal device 12 has a space configuration program, a modeling program and a calibration program, and the calibration program is equipped with station space standard values and escape standard values.

Specifically, the design platform 11 can be set up in a cloud server and database, and the terminal device 12 is a computer device that can be connected to the network 100. Designers use the terminal device 12 to input various parameters and data in stages into the calculation program, the space configuration program, Modeling programs and calibration programs can generate station architectural designs.

The station building design system 1 generates the station building design and includes the following steps: the terminal device 12 inputs station parameters into the calculation program, and the calculation program generates the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station facility specification values; inputs the station space geometric conditions and moving line conditions into the space configuration Program, the space configuration program arranges and combines the number of facilities and space demand values according to the station space geometric conditions and moving line conditions to generate multiple station space configuration plans; uses the modeling program to generate multiple station three-dimensional models corresponding to the multiple station configuration plans; and uses the verification program based on The station space specification value, station facility specification value and escape specification value check the space requirements, facility quantity requirements and escape path conditions of multiple station three-dimensional models to produce a station architectural design that meets the station space specification value, station facility specification value and escape specification value.

First, the designer uses the terminal device 12 to open the calculation program of the design platform 11. The calculation program includes a user interface for the designer to input information about the station parameters. The calculation program can automatically load the station facilities from the specification database (not shown). Standard values. After the calculation program receives the information input by the designer about the station parameters, it automatically brings in the relevant station facility standard values and calculates the number of facilities and space demand values.

Specifically, the station parameter information includes station type, number of floors, floor names, peak hour train interval (units in minutes), platform length (units in meters), platform width (units in meters), number of fully loaded trains, etc. ; Relevant station facility specification values include passenger volume during peak hours, escalator transportation capacity under normal and abnormal conditions (person/minute), number of people processed by automatic ticket vending machines per minute, ticket gate speed (person/minute), normal and abnormal conditions and Information such as the required area per passenger (square meters/person), passenger walking speed and stair climbing speed (meters/second) under abnormal conditions; the number of facilities and space demand values generated by the calculation program include the minimum number of elevators, escalators, and stairs. Minimum number of automatic ticket vending machines, number of ticket gates, platform length, minimum platform width, emergency escape time, required width of entrance and exit passages, number of public toilets, etc.

Secondly, the designer can open the user interface of the space configuration program and input the station spatial geometric conditions and vertical circulation conditions. The station spatial geometric conditions include the elevation of the station floors, the scope of public areas and non-public areas, and the vertical circulation conditions include elevators. wells, escalators and stairs. Based on the station space geometric conditions and moving line conditions, the space configuration program applies generative design concepts to perform permutations and combinations, and calculates to generate multiple feasible station space configuration plans. It also provides a configuration interface as shown in Figure 3 for designers to review. As shown in Figure 3, the configuration sequence of the space configuration program is for example but not limited to: 1. Floor setting, 2. Plane setting, 3. Mining area setting, 4. Paid area setting: vertical volume, 5. Paid area setting: Plane volume, 6. Non-payment area setting: plane volume, 7. Non-payment area setting: vertical volume, 8. Toilet configuration, 9. Non-public area setting, 10. Computer room configuration.

Specifically, the modeling program is a Building Information Modeling (BIM ) application (such as Revit), which includes an Application Interface (API) developed by the present invention and is connected to a building component library. The building component library contains common components. And special components, general components such as floors, walls, stairs, railings, etc., special components such as ticket vending machines, ticket gates, public toilets, etc. The designer establishes the corresponding relationship between facilities, space, and building components in the modeling program interface and the building component database in the space configuration program in advance. After the designer inputs the space configuration plan generated by the space configuration program into the modeling program, the modeling program automatically The three-dimensional graphics of architectural components corresponding to each station space configuration plan are retrieved from the component library to generate a three-dimensional model of the station for designers to review.

Next, designers transfer the three-dimensional models of each station to the verification program. The verification program includes an interactive user interface that allows designers to view the parameters of the station configuration plan and the three-dimensional station models. The verification program can be downloaded from the specification database (not yet available). (Illustration) automatically loads the station space specification value, station facility specification value and escape specification value. After the verification program receives the station three-dimensional model input by the designer, it automatically brings in the relevant station space specification value, station facility specification value and Escape specification values are used to check space requirements, facility volume requirements and escape path conditions, and generate verification results for designers to choose station building designs that comply with station safety specifications.

Specifically, the calibration program checks the space requirements of the three-dimensional models of each station, including rooms, platform lengths, platform widths, entrance and exit passage widths, and vertical line facility clearances; the calibration program checks the facility volume requirements of each station three-dimensional models, including Automatic ticket vending machines, ticket gates and public toilets; the verification program verifies the escape path conditions of the station 3D model, including the time to evacuate the platform and the time to evacuate to a safe location.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of a station building design method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the station building design method of the present invention includes: a calculation step, a design modeling step and a verification step. The calculation step includes inputting the number of users of the station space into the calculation program. The calculation program generates the number of facilities based on the station facility specification value. and space demand values; the design modeling step includes inputting the station space geometric conditions and vertical movement line conditions into the space configuration program. The space configuration program arranges and combines the number of facilities and space demand values according to the station space geometry conditions and vertical movement line conditions to generate multiple station spaces. The configuration plan uses a modeling program to correspond to the plurality of station configuration plans to generate multiple station three-dimensional models; the verification step includes using the verification program to check the space requirements and facilities of the plurality of station three-dimensional models according to the station standard value, station facility standard value and escape standard value. Based on the volume demand and escape path conditions, a station building design is produced that meets the station space specification value, station facility specification value and escape specification value.

The number of facilities in the station, platform form, platform length, platform width, aisle width, etc. are all planned based on passenger traffic volume, and the escape time must be calculated based on the design results and passenger traffic volume. Taking the Taipei MRT station design as an example, the station building design method of the present invention is explained.

The calculation step is to calculate the demand for facilities in the early stage of design. First, set the station conditions, and gradually complete the calculations related to various facilities according to the selected specifications. This can be used as a reference for station design, such as: the number of elevators, escalators and stairs, the number of automatic ticket vending machines, and the number of inspections. Number of ticket gate passages, platform length, platform width, entrance and exit passage width, number of public toilet facilities, etc.

The minimum number of automatic ticket vending machines and ticket gates that should be installed is based on parameters such as the maximum peak minute passenger flow (inbound traffic) in the morning or afternoon, the usage ratio of one-way tickets, and the number of people processed by automatic ticket vending machines per minute. It also needs to be Set up barrier-free ticket gates.

Platforms can be of island, side or stacked type. Each type must consider the minimum width of the platform under two scenarios: normal operation and emergency. Under normal operation, island platforms need to consider the up and down directions of the platform. The number of passengers waiting on the platform; the side or stacked platform depends on the direction with more upward or downward passengers as the calculation number of passengers waiting on the platform, and the required area for each passenger during normal operation is 0.8 m ² ; emergency situation Next, the passenger volume on the platform needs to be taken into account train delays. There will be twice the number of waiting passengers in the peak direction. In addition to the passengers waiting on the platform, the passenger volume of fully loaded trains will also be taken into consideration. In an emergency, each passenger will The area required by passengers is 0.2 m ² .

The width of the entrance and exit passages can also be divided into normal conditions and emergency conditions. The conveying capacity of the passage under normal conditions considers two-way circulation (70 people/minute/meter), while the conveying capacity of the emergency passage considers one-way circulation (85 persons/minute/meter). meter).

The minimum number of public toilets that should be installed depends on the number of passengers entering and exiting the station during peak hours. The number of toilets, washbasins, barrier-free toilets, and parent-child toilets are set according to the passenger flow level.

The design modeling step first sets the floors and boundaries. In addition, the number parameters of various facilities obtained from the calculation step are used to proceed with the basic configuration of vertical movement lines and space planning of the platform layer, lobby layer, ground entrance and exit, and the development from public areas to non-public areas. district. The space configuration program arranges and combines based on the set geometric conditions and basic spatial configuration principles, calculates a variety of feasible space configuration plans, and provides two-dimensional and three-dimensional previews for auxiliary inspection, and then uses the modeling program to generate a three-dimensional model of the station from the spatial configuration plans.

The modeling program connects to the building component database and compares the geometric quantities in the spatial configuration plan, such as elevators, stairs, fences, ticket gates, information booths, ticket vending machines, etc., and finds the corresponding components in the building component database. , or generate components according to design parameters and place all components in the correct position according to the design plan to generate a three-dimensional model of the station.

The station three-dimensional model generated by the modeling program often needs to be constantly adjusted and revised during the modeling process due to cross-disciplinary integration. In order to ensure that the station three-dimensional model still meets the needs and relevant specifications during collaborative work, it is necessary to check the three-dimensional model of each station. The three major items in the model include facility volume, space, and escape, and their details.

The verification step is to use the verification program to read the station three-dimensional model generated by the above modeling steps, calculate all escape situations and paths, and obtain the most severe escape situation and the corresponding farthest escape path, based on which the escape time can be calculated. According to the Taipei MRT Medium Traffic Volume Planning Manual, in the event of a fire in the track area, the station building design should be able to evacuate platform passengers within 4 minutes. Each additional floor beyond the platform level must be evacuated by 2 minutes. time.

The calibration program is based on the design parameters of Taipei MRT specifications, checking the distance between the track center line and the edge of the platform, the edge of the platform and fixed obstacles, etc., and lists the calibration results of relevant components for the designer to review and adjust. Various calibrations The results are presented in an interactive user interface in different color tables. After the verification is completed, the actual design parameters are fed back to the design platform and output into various report files.

Specifically, the verification program converts the three-dimensional model of the station into a two-dimensional point-line diagram with the required basic information. The basic information includes floors, floor plans, vertical line distribution, obstacle locations, entrances and exits (escape end points) definitions, etc. , and analyze the required floor layout based on the principle that in an emergency, the space required for each passenger is 0.2 ^m2 ; then, compare the more conservative people flow simulation results with the calculation results of the escape path analysis program, if both The obtained time for the last passenger to leave the station and reach a safe place on the ground floor is less than the safe evacuation time of the fire simulation results. It is judged that the station building design can safely evacuate passengers in the station under the most severe scenario.

Based on the above, the technical effects that can be achieved by the station building design system and method of the present invention are summarized as follows:

First, the station building design system and method of the present invention can simultaneously perform a certain degree of verification during the calculation phase, accelerate the generation of basic station three-dimensional models to assist collaborative operations, and can also save verification manpower and time in the later stages of the design. Avoid the uncertainty of manual review, improve design efficiency and maintain design quality.

Secondly, the calculation programs, spatial configuration programs, modeling programs, checking programs and linked building component databases and specification data used in the station building design system and its method of the present invention are dynamically updated, so the design can be ensured and check for correctness.

The above is a description of the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those with ordinary skill in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall be included in the following patent scope. within.

1: Station building design system 11: Design platform 12:Terminal device 100:Internet

Figure 1 is the flow chart of the architectural design of Xinzhi Station; Figure 2 is a block diagram of a station building design system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a station space configuration interface according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 4 is a flow chart of a station building design method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1: Station building design system

11: Design platform

12:Terminal device

100:Internet

Claims (10)

A station building design system including: A design platform with a calculation program that sets standard values for station facilities; and The terminal device has a space configuration program, a modeling program and a calibration program. The calibration program sets the station space specification value and escape specification value. It connects to the design platform through the network and performs the following steps: Input the station parameters into the calculation program, and the calculation program generates the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station parameters and the station facility specification values; Input the station space geometric conditions and the moving line conditions into the space configuration program, and the space configuration program generates multiple station space configuration plans based on the station space geometric conditions and the moving line conditions by arranging and combining the number of facilities and the space demand value; Use the modeling program to generate multiple station three-dimensional models corresponding to the multiple station configuration options; and Use the calibration program to check the space requirements, facility quantity requirements and escape path conditions of the plurality of station three-dimensional models based on the station space specification value, the station facility specification value and the escape specification value to generate a system that meets the station space specification value, the station Facility standard values and station building design for the escape standard values. The station building design system as described in request item 1, wherein the station parameters include the number of floors, platform length, platform width, peak hour train interval and full train capacity. The station building design system described in claim 1, wherein the station spatial geometric conditions include the elevation of the station floors, the range of public areas and non-public areas, and the moving line conditions include elevator shafts, escalators and stairs. The station architectural design system as described in claim 1, wherein the modeling program is connected to a building component library, and the modeling program retrieves the three-dimensional graphics of building components corresponding to the spatial configuration plans of the plurality of stations from the building component library to generate the plurality of stations. diorama. The station building design system as described in request item 1, wherein the verification program verifies the space requirements of the plurality of station three-dimensional models including rooms, platform widths, entrance and exit passage widths and vertical movement line facility clearances, and the verification program verifies The facility capacity requirements of the plurality of station three-dimensional models are checked, including automatic ticket vending machines, ticket gates and public toilets. The calibration program checks the escape path conditions of the plurality of station three-dimensional models, including the time for evacuation of the platform and evacuation to a safe location. of time. A station architectural design method, including: Input the number of users of the station space into the calculation program, which generates the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station facility specification values; Input the station space geometric conditions and vertical movement line conditions into the space configuration program. The space configuration program arranges and combines the number of facilities and space demand values based on the station space geometry conditions and the vertical movement line conditions to generate multiple station space configuration plans for modeling. The program generates a plurality of station three-dimensional models corresponding to the plurality of station configuration plans; and Use the calibration program to check the space requirements, facility volume requirements and escape path conditions of the multiple station three-dimensional models based on the station space standard value, the station facility standard value and the escape standard value to produce a result that meets the station space standard value, the station facility standard value and the station building design with the escape standard value. The station building design method described in request item 6, wherein the station parameters include peak hour passenger volume and escalator transportation capacity, and the number of facilities includes the number of elevators and escalators and the number of stairs. The station building design method described in claim 6, wherein the station spatial geometric conditions include the elevation of the station floor, the range of public areas and non-public areas, and the vertical movement conditions include elevator shafts, escalators and stairs. The station building design method described in claim 6, wherein the modeling program is connected to a building component library, and the modeling program retrieves the building component three-dimensional graphics corresponding to the plurality of station space configuration plans from the building component library to generate the plurality of station stereos. Model. If the station building design method described in request item 6, wherein the calibration program checks the space requirements of the plurality of station three-dimensional models, includes rooms, platform length, platform width, entrance and exit channel width and vertical circulation facility clearance, the school The verification program checks the facility capacity requirements of the plurality of station three-dimensional models, including automatic ticket vending machines, ticket gates and public toilets. The verification program checks the escape path conditions of the plurality of station three-dimensional models, including evacuation time and evacuation of the platform. Time to reach a safe place.