TWI826980B - Method for fabricating an liquid-crystal-aligning electrode and method for fabricating a liquid crystal cell using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for fabricating a liquid-crystal-aligning electrode and a method for fabricating a liquid crystal cell using the same. Firstly, a femtosecond laser pulse is generated by a laser pulse generator, wherein the femtosecond laser pulse has a constant pulse width and constant pulse energy. Then, the femtosecond laser pulse is facilitated to hit a focusing lens. The focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser pulse on the surface of a transparent conductive film to form periodically-distributed nano-strips on the surface of the transparent conductive film. Liquid crystal molecules align in parallel to the nano-strips, therefore the alignment layer is no longer required. The pulse energy on the strips is adequate to break a plurality of metal-oxygen bonds in the transparent conductive film, and then to form a plurality of metal-metal bonds and reduce the resistance of the electrode. The femtosecond laser pulse can reduce the cost and time for fabricating an alignment film without producing toxic wastewater, thereby complying with environmental regulations.

Description

Liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and liquid crystal cell manufacturing method

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal element, and in particular to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode and a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell thereof.

Currently, mass-produced liquid crystal elements use a yellow light etching process to produce patterned transparent electrodes, then apply or emboss an alignment film, and finally perform a rubbing or photoalignment process to form an alignment film.

At present, the manufacturing process of electrodes and alignment films of liquid crystal elements is very complex and time-consuming, and requires the production of photomasks and the photolithography and etching process in a clean room, which includes substrate cleaning, photoresist coating, exposure, development, etching, and stripping. Resistor and substrate cleaning process. Then, the alignment film is coated or embossed, the alignment film is baked first, and then the alignment film is brushed with a flannel roller or a photo-alignment process is performed on the alignment film, and finally the assembly and liquid crystal filling processes are performed. In the rolling brushing process, a polyimide (PI) film is coated on a transparent conductive film, and then a flannel is used to roll and brush the surface of the polyimide film to form tiny grooves so that the liquid crystal molecules can move along the grooves. The arrangement direction of the slots. The alignment process requires the use of polar alignment molecules. The polarization direction of the alignment molecules can be adjusted with polar ultraviolet light, and the alignment molecules can be cured by ultraviolet light. Because liquid crystal molecules are polar, the liquid crystal molecules will be aligned along the polarization direction of the alignment molecules. The traditional yellow photo etching and alignment process has complicated steps. It is cumbersome, will produce toxic wastewater, and requires a high unit price machine.

Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems by proposing a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode and a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, so as to solve the problems caused by the conventional art.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode and a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, which greatly reduces the construction cost, manufacturing cost and manufacturing time of liquid crystal elements, such as liquid crystal displays, light modulators or variable focus lenses, and does not produce toxic substances. Wastewater, in line with environmental protection regulations. In addition, the alignment layer can be omitted, allowing the transparent conductive film to directly contact the liquid crystal to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal, thereby reducing the thickness and impedance of the liquid crystal element, and producing a low-power display with ultra-high resolution.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode, which includes the following steps: using a laser pulse generator to generate a femtosecond laser pulse, wherein the femtosecond laser pulse has a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy; and making the femtosecond laser pulse incident on a focusing lens, the focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser pulse on the surface of a transparent conductive film, the pulse energy is enough to break the bonds between multiple metal atoms and oxygen atoms, and form metal atoms -The bonding of metal atoms reduces the resistance of the conductive film, and the surface of the transparent conductive film forms a periodically distributed strip-shaped nanostructure. This strip-shaped nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, which includes the following steps: forming a first transparent conductive film and a second transparent conductive film on a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate respectively: using a laser pulse to generate The device generates a femtosecond laser pulse, wherein the femtosecond laser pulse has a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy; the femtosecond laser pulse is incident on a focusing lens, and the focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser pulse on the first transparent On the surfaces of the conductive film and the second transparent conductive film, the pulse energy is enough to break multiple metal atom-oxygen atom bonds and form metal atom-metal atom bonds, thereby increasing the resistance of the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film. The value becomes smaller, and periodically distributed strip-like nanostructures are formed on the surfaces of the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film. The strip-shaped nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment; a plurality of spacers are sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, wherein the strip-shaped nanostructure on the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film Opposing each other; forming liquid crystal between the first conductive film and the second transparent conductive film; and forming a frame glue between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate to surround all spacers, the first transparent conductive film, and the second transparent conductive film. Two transparent conductive films and liquid crystal form a liquid crystal cell.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser pulse generator includes a laser emitting crystal and an amplifier.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser emitting crystal is titanium-doped sapphire (Ti: sapphire).

In one embodiment of the invention, the fixed pulse width is 200-1000 femtoseconds.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the density of the fixed pulse energy is greater than 100 millijoules per square centimeter (mJ/cm ² ).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the transparent conductive film has a strip-shaped nanostructure at a fixed distance, and the distance between two adjacent strip-shaped nanostructures is greater than 0 and less than the fixed distance. 1/2.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first transparent conductive film or the second transparent conductive film has a strip-shaped nanostructure at a fixed distance, and the distance between two adjacent strip-shaped nanostructures is Greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the fixed distance.

In one embodiment of the invention, the focusing lens is a semi-cylindrical lens.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the transparent conductive film is an indium tin oxide film.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal atom-oxygen atom bonding includes indium-oxygen (In-O) bonding and tin-oxygen (Sn-O) bonding.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal atom-metal atom bond is an indium-indium (In-In) bond.

Based on the above, the liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and the liquid crystal cell manufacturing method use a focusing lens to focus femtosecond laser pulses on the surface of a transparent conductive film to form periodically distributed long strips of nanometers on the surface of the transparent conductive film. structure, this long strip nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment. This liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and its liquid crystal cell manufacturing method can significantly reduce the construction cost, production cost and production time of liquid crystal components, such as liquid crystal displays, light modulators or variable focus lenses, and will not produce toxic wastewater, which is environmentally friendly norm. In addition, the alignment layer can be omitted, allowing the transparent conductive film to directly contact the liquid crystal to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal, thereby reducing the thickness and impedance of the liquid crystal element, and creating a sub-micron pixel display with low power consumption and ultra-high resolution.

In order to enable you, the review committee, to have a better understanding of the structural features and effects achieved by the present invention, we would like to provide you with a diagram of the preferred embodiment and a detailed description, as follows:

100:Optical system

101:Laser pulse generator

102:Half wave plate

103:Polarizing beam splitter

104: Flip mirror base

105: Beam splitter

106:Reflector

107:Reflector

108:Focusing lens

109: Double frequency crystal

110:Filter

111:Power meter

112:Reflector

113:Reflector

114:Dichroic mirror

115:Polarizing beam splitter

116:Light emitting diode

117: Charge coupled element

118:Focusing lens

119:Three-dimensional electric platform

120:Power meter

121:Light cutter

200: The first transparent conductive film

300: First transparent substrate

400: Second transparent conductive film

500: Second transparent substrate

600: spacer

700:LCD

800: frame glue

S: Long strip nanostructure

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical system for femtosecond laser pulses of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the optical system for femtosecond laser pulses of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a structural top view of an embodiment of the first transparent substrate and the first transparent conductive film on it according to the present invention.

Figures 4(a) to 4(e) are structural cross-sectional views of each step of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of a liquid crystal cell of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an unpolarized liquid crystal cell of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a polarized liquid crystal cell of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a graph showing changes in brightness of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention at different polarization angles under a polarizing microscope.

Figure 8 is a graph showing the brightness curve of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention at different polarization angles.

Figure 9 is a photograph of the liquid crystal alignment electrode of the present invention under a polarizing microscope.

Figure 10 is a graph of transmittance versus voltage of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to relevant drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and description to refer to the same or similar components. In the drawings, shapes and thicknesses may be exaggerated for simplicity and ease of notation. It should be understood that components not specifically shown in the drawings or described in the specification are in forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the contents of the present invention.

When an element is referred to as being "on", it can generally mean that the element is directly on the other element, or that the other element exists between them. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly on" another element, it cannot have other elements between them. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

References below to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refer to a particular element, structure, or feature associated with at least one embodiment. Therefore, “one embodiment” or multiple descriptions of “an embodiment” appearing in multiple places below are not directed to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific components, structures and features in one or more embodiments may be combined in an appropriate manner.

The disclosure is specifically described with the following examples. These examples are only for illustration, because for those who are familiar with this art, various modifications and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure The scope of protection of the disclosed content shall be determined by the scope of the patent application attached. Throughout the specification and claims, unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, the meaning of "a" and "the" includes such statements including "one or at least one" of the element or component. Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, the singular article also includes recitations of plural elements or ingredients unless it is obvious from the particular context that the plural is excluded. Furthermore, as applied to the entire scope of the claims in this description and below, unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, the meaning of "in" may include "in" and "in" "On it." Unless otherwise noted, the terms used throughout the specification and patent claims generally have their ordinary meanings as used in the field, in the disclosure and in the particular context. Certain terms used to describe the disclosure are discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide practitioners with additional guidance in describing the disclosure. The use of examples anywhere throughout this specification, including the use of examples of any terminology discussed herein, is for illustrative purposes only and does not, of course, limit the scope and meaning of the disclosure or any exemplified terminology. Likewise, the present disclosure is not limited to the various embodiments set forth in this specification.

It should be understood that the terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", "involving", etc., as used herein, are open-ended (open-ended), meaning including but not limited to. In addition, any embodiment or patentable scope of the present invention does not necessarily achieve all the purposes, advantages or features disclosed in the present invention. In addition, the abstract part and title are only used to assist in searching for patent documents and are not used to limit the scope of the patent application for the invention.

Unless otherwise specified, some conditional sentences or words, such as "can", "could", "might", or "may", usually try to express that the embodiment of this case has, But it can also be interpreted as features, components, or steps that may not be needed. In other embodiments, these features, elements, or steps may not be required.

The following will describe a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode and a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, which uses a focusing lens to focus femtosecond laser pulses on the surface of a transparent conductive film to form periodically distributed strips on the surface of the transparent conductive film. Nanostructure, this long strip of nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment. This liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and its liquid crystal cell manufacturing method can significantly reduce the construction cost, production cost and production time of liquid crystal components, such as liquid crystal displays, light modulators or variable focus lenses, and will not produce toxic wastewater, which is environmentally friendly norm. In addition, the alignment layer can be omitted, allowing the transparent conductive film to directly contact the liquid crystal to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal, thereby reducing the thickness and impedance of the liquid crystal element, and producing a There are sub-micron pixel displays with low power consumption and ultra-high resolution.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical system for femtosecond laser pulses of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 1 for the following introduction to the manufacturing method of liquid crystal alignment electrodes. The optical system 100 includes a laser pulse generator 101, a half wave plate 102, a polarizing beamsplitter 103, a flip mount 104, an autocorrelator and an Processing system, in which the autocorrelator includes a beam splitter 105, a reflecting mirror 106, a reflecting mirror 107, a focusing lens 108, a frequency doubling crystal 109, a filter 110, and a power meter 111. The processing system includes a reflecting mirror 112, a reflecting mirror 113, a dichroic mirror 114, a polarizing beam splitter 115, a light emitting diode 116, a charge coupled device (CCD) 117, a focusing lens 118, A three-dimensional electric platform 119 and a power meter 120. Focusing lenses 108 and 118 may be, but are not limited to, semi-cylindrical lenses. A first transparent conductive film 200 is provided on the three-dimensional electric platform 119. An indium tin oxide film is used as an example, but the invention is not limited thereto. First, the laser pulse generator 101 is used to generate a femtosecond laser pulse, where the femtosecond laser pulse has a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy. For example, the fixed pulse width can be 200-1000 femtoseconds, and the fixed pulse energy density can be greater than 100 millijoules/square centimeter (mJ/cm ² ), but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present invention, the laser pulse generator 101 may include a laser emitting crystal and an amplifier, wherein the laser emitting crystal may be, but is not limited to, titanium-doped sapphire (Ti: sapphire).

The femtosecond laser pulse passes through the half-wave plate 102 and the polarizing beam splitter 103 in sequence. The half-wave plate 102 changes the polarization state of the femtosecond laser pulse. The polarizing beam splitter 103 splits the femtosecond laser pulse. , to adjust its power. Then, the mirror holder 104 is flipped to reflect the femtosecond laser pulse to the beam splitter 105. The beam splitter 105 divides the femtosecond laser pulse into two beams and directs them to the reflecting mirrors 106 and 107 respectively. The reflecting mirrors 106 and 107 The light beams are then reflected to the beam splitter 105 and combined to form a light beam to be measured, and then directed to the focusing lens 108 . The focusing lens 108 focuses the light beam to be measured on the frequency doubling crystal 109 to increase the frequency of the light beam to be measured. Next, the filter 110 passes the light beam to be measured with a specific wavelength and blocks the light beam with a non-specific wavelength. After the beam is measured, the optical path of the femtosecond laser pulse is changed by changing the position of the reflector 106, so that the power meter 111 measures a fixed pulse width of the femtosecond laser pulse, for example, 577 femtoseconds.

After measuring the fixed pulse width, measure the fixed pulse energy density of the femtosecond laser pulse. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the optical system for femtosecond laser pulses of the present invention. Figure 3 is a structural top view of an embodiment of the first transparent substrate and the first transparent conductive film on it according to the present invention. Please refer to Figures 2 and 3, and replace the flip lens base 104 in Figure 1 with a chopper 121. After the femtosecond laser pulse penetrates the polarizing beam splitter 103, it will then pass through the beam cutter 121, and will be reflected to the dichroic mirror 114 by the reflecting mirrors 112 and 113 in sequence. Because the femtosecond laser pulse has a specific wavelength, such as 800 nanometers, the dichroic mirror 114 injects the femtosecond laser pulse with the specific wavelength into the focusing lens 118 . When the first transparent conductive film 200 moves away from the three-dimensional electric platform 119, the femtosecond laser pulse passes through the focusing lens 118 and is emitted to the power meter 120. The power meter 120 measures the fixed pulse energy density of the femtosecond laser pulse, for example is 316 mJ/cm2. When the first transparent substrate 300 and the first transparent conductive film 200 thereon are moved to the three-dimensional motorized platform 119, the focusing lens 118 focuses the femtosecond laser pulse onto the first transparent conductive film 200. When the three-dimensional motorized platform 119 moves the first transparent conductive film 200, the femtosecond laser pulse removes part of the first transparent conductive film 200 to form an electrode with any shape. Here, a comb-shaped electrode is taken as an example. Then, the three-dimensional electric platform 119 moves the first transparent conductive film 200 to a specific position, and the focusing lens 118 focuses the femtosecond laser pulse onto the surface of the first transparent conductive film 200 to form periodicity on the surface of the first transparent conductive film 200 Distributed strip-shaped nanostructures S are used for liquid crystal alignment. The surface of the first transparent conductive film 200 has a strip-shaped nanostructure S at regular intervals. For example, the fixed distance is the distance between two adjacent long strip nanostructures S at the same position, such as the center point. The long sides of two adjacent long strip-shaped nanostructures S are parallel to each other to achieve the purpose of alignment, and a groove is provided between the two adjacent long sides of the long strip-shaped nanostructure S. For example, the fixed distance of the strip-shaped nanostructure S is less than 1 micron, and the distance between the long sides of two adjacent strip-shaped nanostructures S is less than 1/2 of the fixed distance and greater than 0. The distance between the grooves Depth greater than 10 nanometers, the ratio of the trench length to the fixed distance is not less than 100. The pulse energy of the femtosecond laser pulse is enough to break multiple metal atom-oxygen atom bonds and form metal atom-metal atom bonds, so that the resistance value of the first transparent conductive film 200 becomes smaller. In one embodiment, the metal atom-oxygen atom bonding may include indium-oxygen (In-O) bonding and tin-oxygen (Sn-O) bonding, and the metal atom-metal atom bonding may be indium-indium ( In-In) bonding. The liquid crystal alignment electrode can be applied to liquid crystal components, such as liquid crystal displays, light modulators or variable focus lenses.

The light-emitting diode 116 generates a light beam with a non-specific wavelength, and the light beam is directed to the polarizing beam splitter 115 . The polarizing beam splitter 115 reflects part of this light beam to the dichroic mirror 114 . Because this light beam has a non-specific wavelength, this part of the light beam passes through the dichroic mirror 114 and reaches the periodically distributed strip-shaped nanostructures on the first transparent conductive film 200 . The periodically distributed elongated nanostructures reflect this part of the light beam, so that the part of the light beam passes through the dichroic mirror 114 and the polarizing beam splitter 115 in sequence, and reaches the charge coupling element 117 . Therefore, the charge-coupled element 117 can obtain images of the periodically distributed elongated nanostructures, allowing the user to observe the morphology of the periodically distributed elongated nanostructures.

This liquid crystal alignment electrode production method only requires one laser pulse generator 101, and uses it to complete the photolithography process and alignment process at the same time. Therefore, it can significantly reduce the construction cost, production cost and production time of the liquid crystal element, and will not Produces toxic wastewater and complies with environmental protection regulations. The femtosecond laser pulse generated by the laser pulse generator 101 has high peak power characteristics, so the first transparent conductive film 200 is cut with the femtosecond laser pulse to reshape the first transparent conductive film 200 . In addition, the nonlinear effect induced by the femtosecond laser pulse can change the material properties of the first transparent conductive film 200, so that the surface of the first transparent conductive film 200 has periodically distributed strip-like nanostructures. This periodically distributed strip-like nanostructure The liquid crystal can be aligned so that the first transparent conductive film 200 serves as both an electrode and an alignment layer. In other words, since there is no need to form an additional polyimide (PI) film or polar alignment molecules, there is no structure between the strip-shaped nanostructure and the first transparent conductive film 200 to reduce the liquid crystal The thickness and impedance of the element allow the first transparent conductive film 200 to directly contact the liquid crystal molecules and apply an electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules. Femtosecond laser pulse coordination The light cutter 121 can form a long strip of nanostructure, and the distance between two adjacent ones is greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the fixed distance, and the depth of the groove is greater than 100 nanometers. The current photolithography etching process can only produce line pitch exceeding 1 micron. This liquid crystal alignment electrode production method can produce line pitch less than 1 micron, and does not require the formation of additional polyimide films or polar alignment molecules, so it can produce sub-micron pixels with low power consumption and ultra-high resolution. monitor.

Figures 4(a) to 4(e) are structural cross-sectional views of each step of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of a liquid crystal cell of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 4(a) to Figure 4(e) for the following introduction to the manufacturing method of the LCD cell. First, as shown in Figure 4(a), a first transparent conductive film 200 and a second transparent conductive film 400 are formed on a first transparent substrate 300 and a second transparent substrate 500 respectively. As shown in Figure 4(b) and Figure 2, the laser pulse generator 101 is used to generate femtosecond laser pulses, where the femtosecond laser pulses have a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy. The femtosecond laser pulse is incident on the focusing lens 118 , and the focusing lens 118 focuses the femtosecond laser on the first transparent conductive film 200 . When the three-dimensional motorized platform 119 moves the first transparent conductive film 200, the femtosecond laser pulse removes part of the first transparent conductive film 200 to form a comb-shaped electrode. Then, the three-dimensional motorized platform 119 moves the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400 to a specific position, and the focusing lens 118 focuses the femtosecond laser pulse onto the surfaces of the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400 , to form periodically distributed elongated nanostructures on the surfaces of the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400, and the elongated nanostructures are used for liquid crystal alignment. The energy of the laser pulse is enough to break multiple metal atom-oxygen atom bonds and form metal atom-metal atom bonds, so that the resistance values of the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400 become smaller. As shown in Figure 4(c), a plurality of spacers 600 are sandwiched between the first transparent substrate 300 and the second transparent substrate 500, in which the strips on the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400 are -like nanostructures facing each other. As shown in Figure 4(d), liquid crystal 700 is formed between the first transparent conductive film 200 and the second transparent conductive film 400. As shown in Figure 4(e), a frame glue 800 is formed between the first transparent substrate 300 and the second transparent substrate 500 to surround all spacers. 600. The first transparent conductive film 200, the second transparent conductive film 400 and the liquid crystal 700 form a liquid crystal cell. However, if the same result can be achieved, it is not necessary to follow the sequence of steps in the process shown in Figures 4(a) to 4(e), and Figures 4(a) to 4(e) ) The steps shown in the figure do not have to be performed consecutively, that is, other steps can also be inserted.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an unpolarized liquid crystal cell of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a polarized liquid crystal cell of the present invention. Please refer to Figures 5 and 6. When an AC square wave voltage is applied to the staggered comb-shaped electrodes, a horizontal electric field will be generated, causing the liquid crystal 700 to rotate until the long axis of the liquid crystal 700 is parallel to the direction of the electric field.

Figure 7 is a graph showing changes in brightness of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention at different polarization angles under a polarizing microscope. Figure 8 is a graph showing the brightness curve of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention at different polarization angles. In Figure 7, the brightness of the transmitted light changes with the polarization angle of the incident light. The polarization angle of the incident light is defined as the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal and the polarization direction of the incident light. The long axis of the liquid crystal will be parallel to the alignment direction. In Figure 8, the brightness of the light penetrating the liquid crystal cell changes with the polarization angle of the incident light. The polarization angle of the incident light is defined as the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal and the polarization direction of the incident light. The long axis of the liquid crystal will be parallel to the alignment direction. . Please refer to Figures 7 and 8. The liquid crystal cell is sandwiched between two polarizers, one of which acts as a polarizer and the other acts as an analyzer. The angles of the polarizer and analyzer are represented by P and A respectively, which are 0 degrees and 90 degrees respectively. θ is the angle between the directions L and A of the liquid crystals aligned as long strip nanostructures. When θ is 0 degrees or 90 degrees, light cannot pass through the liquid crystal cell, so the liquid crystal cell appears dark. When θ is 45 degrees, light passes through the liquid crystal cell, so the liquid crystal cell appears bright. Therefore, the elongated nanostructure can effectively align the liquid crystal so that the liquid crystal is parallel to the structural direction of the elongated nanostructure.

Figure 9 is a photograph of the liquid crystal alignment electrode of the present invention under a polarizing microscope. As shown in Figure 9, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell in the horizontal alignment operation mode (in-plane switching mode, IPS), the liquid crystal deflects from 90 degrees to 45 degrees and 135 degrees respectively, at about 4.5 volts ( The brightness reaches its maximum value when V). After exceeding 5 volts, the liquid crystal deflects beyond the diagonal direction to reduce brightness. The photo shows that the dark state is very dark, the light state is very bright, and both the light state and the dark state are evenly presented. Although the grooves between the long nanostructures appear as filamentous bright or dark lines, the overall liquid crystal can shift to the desired direction in response to the direction of the electric field.

Figure 10 is a graph of transmittance versus voltage of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention. As shown in Figure 10, as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell increases, the transmittance of the liquid crystal cell gradually increases. Above 4.5 volts, penetration begins to decrease. Therefore, the above results prove that this LCD box can operate normally.

According to the above embodiments, the liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and the liquid crystal cell manufacturing method use a focusing lens to focus femtosecond laser pulses on the surface of a transparent conductive film, so as to form periodically distributed long strips of nanoparticles on the surface of the transparent conductive film. Nanostructure, this long strip of nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment. The liquid crystal alignment electrode manufacturing method and the liquid crystal box manufacturing method can significantly reduce the factory construction cost, manufacturing cost and manufacturing time of the liquid crystal element, and will not produce toxic wastewater and comply with environmental protection regulations. In addition, the alignment layer can be omitted, allowing the transparent conductive film to directly contact the liquid crystal to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal, thereby reducing the thickness and impedance of the liquid crystal element, and creating a sub-micron pixel display with low power consumption and ultra-high resolution.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equal changes and modifications can be made in accordance with the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the patent scope of the present invention. , should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

100:Optical system

101:Laser pulse generator

102:Half wave plate

103:Polarizing beam splitter

105: Beam splitter

106:Reflector

107:Reflector

108:Focusing lens

109: Double frequency crystal

110:Filter

111:Power meter

112:Reflector

113:Reflector

114:Dichroic mirror

115:Polarizing beam splitter

116:Light emitting diode

117: Charge coupled element

118:Focusing lens

119:Three-dimensional electric platform

120:Power meter

121:Light cutter

200: The first transparent conductive film

Claims (20)

A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode, including the following steps: Use a laser pulse generator to generate a femtosecond laser pulse, wherein the femtosecond laser pulse has a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy; and The femtosecond laser pulse is incident on a focusing lens, which focuses the femtosecond laser pulse on the surface of a transparent conductive film. The fixed pulse energy is enough to break the bonds between multiple metal atoms and oxygen atoms, and form Metal atom-metal atom bonding reduces the resistance value of the transparent conductive film, and forms a periodically distributed strip-shaped nanostructure on the surface of the transparent conductive film. The strip-shaped nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment. . The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser pulse generator includes a laser emitting crystal and an amplifier. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 2, wherein the laser emitting crystal is titanium-doped sapphire (Ti: sapphire). The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the fixed pulse width is 200-1000 femtoseconds. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the density of the fixed pulse energy is greater than 100 millijoules/square centimeter (mJ/cm ² ). The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the surface of the transparent conductive film has a strip-shaped nanostructure at a fixed distance, and the distance between two adjacent strip-shaped nanostructures is Greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the fixed distance. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the focusing lens is a semi-cylindrical lens. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film is an indium tin oxide film. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal atom-oxygen atom bonds include indium-oxygen (In-O) bonding and tin-oxygen (Sn-O) bonding. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment electrode as described in claim 1, wherein the metal atom-metal atom bond is an indium-indium (In-In) bond. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal box, including the following steps: Forming a first transparent conductive film and a second transparent conductive film on a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate respectively: Use a laser pulse generator to generate a femtosecond laser pulse, wherein the femtosecond laser pulse has a fixed pulse width and a fixed pulse energy; The femtosecond laser pulse is incident on a focusing lens, and the focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser pulse on the surfaces of the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film. The fixed pulse energy is enough to break a plurality of metals. Atom-oxygen atom bonds, and forms metal atom-metal atom bond, so that the resistance value of the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film becomes smaller, and between the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film The surface of the conductive film forms a periodically distributed strip-shaped nanostructure, and the strip-shaped nanostructure is used for liquid crystal alignment; A plurality of spacers are sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, wherein the strip-shaped nanostructure on the first transparent conductive film and the strip-shaped nanostructure on the second transparent conductive film meter structures facing each other; forming liquid crystal between the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film; and A sealant is formed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate to surround the spacers, the first transparent conductive film, the second transparent conductive film and the liquid crystal, thereby forming a liquid crystal cell. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell as claimed in claim 11, wherein the laser pulse generator includes a laser emitting crystal and an amplifier. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell as claimed in claim 12, wherein the laser emitting crystal is titanium-doped sapphire (Ti: sapphire). The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method as described in claim 11, wherein the fixed pulse width is 200-1000 femtoseconds. The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the density of the fixed pulse energy is greater than 100 millijoules/square centimeter (mJ/cm ² ). The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell according to claim 11, wherein the surface of the first transparent conductive film or the second transparent conductive film has a strip-shaped nanostructure at a fixed distance, and the strip-shaped nanostructure The distance between two adjacent ones is greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the fixed distance. The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the focusing lens is a semi-cylindrical lens. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell according to claim 11, wherein the transparent conductive film is an indium tin oxide film. The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the plurality of metal atom-oxygen atom bonds include indium-oxygen (In-O) bonding and tin-oxygen (Sn-O) bonding. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell as claimed in claim 11, wherein the metal atom-metal atom bonding is an indium-indium (In-In) bonding.

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