TWI822102B - Radial flux switching motor and its rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

A radial flux switching motor and its rotor. The rotor is arranged in a stator and can rotate relative to the stator. The rotor defines a central axis and a first reference perpendicular to and intersecting the central axis. line and a second reference line, the rotor is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, and the shape of the second half is correspondingly the same as that of the first half with the central axis as A shape with a center rotated 180 degrees; the first half includes a body and a first piece and a second piece extending respectively from the body along the opposite end directions of the first reference line, the first piece and The second piece has a different shape and can form an irregular structure, which can improve the motor characteristics and effectively improve the torque dead zone.

Description

Radial flux switching motor and its rotor

The present invention relates to a motor, in particular to a radial flux switching motor and its rotor.

Flux switching motor (FSM) is one type of motor in the field of motor technology. For example, the "Flux-switching dual excitation electrical machine" disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,868,506B2 features a three-phase radial air compressor. Gap type design, the stator adopts a multi-tooth pole design, and the rotor has a symmetrical structure; the "Three phase flux switching electric machine with orthogonally oriented magnets" disclosed in U.S. Patent No. US10,868,461B2 features a three-phase radial air gap type design, The stator adopts a permanent magnet design and the rotor has a symmetrical structure; the "Electric machine with flux switching with simple excitation" disclosed in US Patent Publication No. US2020/0036242A1 features a three-phase radial air gap design, and the stator includes a DC coil and an AC coil. The coil and rotor are symmetrical structures.

However, it is known that the rotor of the flux switching motor has a symmetrical structure. When the rotor is in a position where the magnetic field lines are uniform, it means that the force of the magnetic field on the rotor is balanced. This position is called the torque dead zone. At this time, the magnetic field lines are on the rotor. The force reaches balance, the rotor cannot rotate, and the motor cannot run smoothly.

In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a radial flux switching motor and its rotor, in order to overcome the problem that the rotor of the conventional flux switching motor has a symmetrical structure, which causes a torque dead zone and prevents the rotor from operating smoothly. .

The radial flux switching motor of the present invention includes: The stator includes a stator core and a plurality of coils. The stator core includes a base and a plurality of magnetic conductive columns distributed on the inner surface of the base. The coils are respectively wound around the magnetic conductive columns; and a The rotor is arranged in the stator and can rotate relative to the stator. The rotor is defined with a central axis and a first reference line and a second reference line that are perpendicular to the central axis and intersect with the central axis; the rotor is based on The first reference line is divided into a first half and a second half, and the shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis; the first half The part includes a body and a first piece body and a second piece body respectively extending from the body along the direction of opposite ends of the first reference line, the first piece body and the second piece body having different shapes, Wherein: the periphery of the body is a body arc edge; the periphery of the first piece body has a first arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a first straight edge extending from the first arc edge, A second straight side extending from the first straight side, and a third straight side extending from the second straight side and connecting the arc edge of the body; the periphery of the second piece body has a side extending from the first reference line A second arc edge extending in the direction, a fourth straight edge extending from the second arc edge, a third side extending from the fourth straight edge, and extending from the third side and connecting to the body arc A fifth straight edge of the edge.

The rotor of the radial flux switching motor of the present invention includes a first half and a second half. The shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around a central axis. The first half includes a body and a first piece body and a second piece body extending respectively from the body along the first reference line at opposite ends. The first piece body and the second piece body are opposite to each other. Different shapes, wherein: the rotor is defined with the central axis and a first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to the central axis and intersecting the central axis, and the rotor is divided into the first half and the second half; The periphery of the body is a body arc edge; the periphery of the first piece body has a first arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a first straight edge extending from the first arc edge, and a first straight edge extending from the first arc edge. A second straight side extending from the first straight side, and a third straight side extending from the second straight side and connecting the arc edge of the body; the periphery of the second piece body has a side extending laterally from the first reference line a second arc edge, a fourth straight edge extending from the second arc edge, a third side extending from the fourth straight edge, and an arc edge extending from the third side and connected to the body arc edge One fifth straight edge.

In the rotor of the present invention, the first piece and the second piece have different shapes and can form an irregular structure, which can improve the motor characteristics and effectively improve the torque dead zone. In addition, the structure of the motor of the invention The small number of components used has the advantage of reducing the overall size, so it can be easily assembled and the cost can be reduced.

10,40:Stator

11,41:Stator core

110,410: base body

111,411: The first magnetic column

112,412: Second magnetic conductive column

113,413: The third magnetic column

114,414: The fourth magnetic column

115,415:Inner surface

121,421: first coil

122,422: Second coil

123,423:Third coil

124,424: fourth coil

20:Rotor

21:First half

210:Ontology

211:The first body

212:Second body

22:Second half

231: Body arc edge

232: First arc edge

233:First straight edge

234:Second straight edge

235:Third straight edge

236:Second arc edge

237:Fourth straight edge

238:Third side

239:Fifth straight edge

24: Shaft hole

30:Pivot

411A: First permanent magnet block

412A: Second permanent magnet block

413A: The third permanent magnet block

414A: The fourth permanent magnet block

411B, 412B, 413B, 414B: Magnetic block

AX: central axis

L1: first reference line

L2: Second reference line

C1: First imaginary circle

C2: Second imaginary circle

C3: The third imaginary circle

C4: The fourth imaginary circle

C5: The fifth imaginary circle

C6: The sixth imaginary circle

R:radius

BX: center of circle

Fx1~Fx8: magnetic flux

Fx11~Fx18: magnetic flux

W0: inner diameter of stator core

W1: yoke width

W2: tooth width

W3: slot opening width

Figure 1: A schematic three-dimensional view of the first embodiment of the radial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Figure 2: A three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the radial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the winding structure of the stator coil according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4: In the present invention, a schematic diagram of defining an imaginary circle on the rotor.

Figure 5: Another schematic diagram defining the rotor structure in the present invention.

Figure 6: Another schematic diagram defining the rotor structure in the present invention.

Figure 7: Another schematic diagram defining the rotor structure in the present invention.

Figure 8: A schematic diagram of the current waveform passing through the DC winding (the second coil and the fourth coil) in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9: A schematic diagram of the current waveform passing through the AC winding (the first coil and the third coil) in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10: In the first embodiment of the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0° to 90°, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through each coil in the magnetic columns.

Figure 11: In the first embodiment of the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 90° to 180°, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through each coil in the magnetic columns.

Figure 12: Schematic diagram of torque-angle waveform during operation of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13: A schematic three-dimensional view of the second embodiment of the radial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Figure 14: A three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the second embodiment of the radial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Figure 15: Schematic diagram of the winding structure of the stator coil according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 16: A schematic plan view of the stator core in the present invention. .

Figure 17: In the second embodiment of the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0°~90°, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through each coil in the magnetic columns.

Figure 18: In the second embodiment of the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 90° to 180°, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through each coil in the magnetic columns.

Figure 19: Schematic diagram of torque-angle waveform during operation of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The radial flux switching motor of the present invention includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor is disposed in the stator and can rotate relative to the stator.

Please refer to the first embodiment of the stator 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2. The stator 10 includes a stator core 11 and a plurality of coils. The stator core 11 can be an iron core, for example, but is not limited to an iron core. The stator core 11 includes a base 110 and a plurality of magnetically conductive columns. In the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetically conductive columns include a first magnetically conductive column 111, a second magnetically conductive column 112, and a third magnetically conductive column. 113 and a fourth magnetic conductive column 114. The base body 110 can be a cylindrical base body. The magnetic conductive columns 111 to 114 are equidistantly distributed on the inner surface 115 of the base body 110 . The first magnetic conductive column 111 is located on the third magnetic conductive column 113 Oppositely, the second magnetic conductive column 112 is located opposite to the fourth magnetic conductive column 114 .

The coils are respectively wound around the magnetic columns. In the embodiment of the present invention, the coils include a first coil 121, a second coil 122, a third coil 123 and a fourth coil 124. Regarding the The winding structure of the coils 121 to 124 can be referred to Figure 3. The first coil 121 is wound around the first magnetic conductive column 111 and the second magnetic conductive column 112. The second coil 122 is wound around the second conductive column. The magnetic column 112 and the third magnetic conductive column 113, the third coil 123 is wound around the third magnetic conductive column 113 and the fourth magnetic conductive column 114, the fourth coil 124 is wound around the fourth magnetic conductive column 114 and the first magnetic permeable column 111, wherein the positions of the coils 121~124 wound around the magnetic permeable columns 111~114 are offset from each other. For example, please refer to Figures 1 and 2. The second coil 122 and the fourth coil 124 are located closer to the inner surface 115 of the base 110 than the first coil 121 and the third coil 123 . That is to say, the first coil 121 and the third coil 123 are The position is closer to the center of the base 110 than the second coil 122 and the fourth coil 124 .

」符號代表導線進入圖面的方向，「

」符號代表導線離開圖面的方向，該第一線圈121與該第三線圈123可由一條導線繞設而成，也就是說該第一線圈121的一端部連接該第三線圈123的一端部；同理，該第二線圈122與該第四線圈124可由另一條導線繞設而成，也就是說該第二線圈122的一端部連接該第四線圈124的一端部。該第一線圈121與該第三線圈123構成一交流繞組，該第一線圈121的另一端部與該第三線圈123的另一端部可供電性連接一交流驅動電源；該第二線圈122與該第四線圈124構成一直流繞組，該第二線圈122的另一端部與該第四線圈124的另一端部可供電性連接一直流驅動電源。 It is understandable that in Figure 3 "

"The symbol represents the direction in which the wire enters the drawing,"

The "symbol represents the direction of the wire away from the drawing. The first coil 121 and the third coil 123 can be wound by one wire, that is to say, one end of the first coil 121 is connected to one end of the third coil 123; Similarly, the second coil 122 and the fourth coil 124 can be wound by another wire, that is to say, one end of the second coil 122 is connected to one end of the fourth coil 124 . The first coil 121 and the third coil 123 form an AC winding. The other end of the first coil 121 and the other end of the third coil 123 are electrically connected to an AC driving power supply; the second coil 122 and The fourth coil 124 forms a DC winding, and the other end of the second coil 122 and the other end of the fourth coil 124 are electrically connected to a DC driving power source.

The rotor 20 is fixed on a pivot shaft 30 and is located in the stator core 11. It can be understood that the stator core 11 can be fixed on a housing (not shown in the figure), and the pivot shaft 30 is pivoted on the housing, so the rotor 20 can rotate relative to the stator core 11 .

Referring to Figure 4 for the structure of the rotor 20, a central axis AX is defined in the rotor 20, and a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis AX is defined. The horizontal reference plane contains the This first reference line L1 and a second reference line L2 are perpendicular to and intersect the central axis AX, and define a first imaginary circle C1, a second imaginary circle C2, and a second imaginary circle C2 with the central axis AX as the center. A third imaginary circle C3, a fourth imaginary circle C4, a fifth imaginary circle C5 and a sixth imaginary circle C6. The first to sixth imaginary circles C1~C6 can be perfect circles. Figure 4 is only for illustration. It means that the radii are in descending order the first imaginary circle C1, the second imaginary circle C2, the third imaginary circle C3, the fourth imaginary circle C4, the fifth imaginary circle C5 and the sixth imaginary circle C6. , but not limited to this. The rotor 20 is divided into a first half 21 and a second half 22 according to the first reference line L1. The second half 22 has the same shape as the first half 21 and is centered on the central axis AX. The shape is rotated 180 degrees, so the shapes and structures of the first half 21 and the second half 22 are corresponding. The structure description of the present invention only takes the first half 21 as an example, and the structure of the second half 22 It can be deduced in this way.

Please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the first half 21 includes a body 210 and a first piece 211 and a second piece respectively extending from the body 210 along the opposite end directions of the first reference line L1 212, the first sheet body 211 and the second sheet body 212 have different shapes.

The periphery of the body 210 is a body arc edge 231. The body arc edge 231 can be an arc with the central axis AX as the center, and the corresponding circle radius is equal to the radius of the first imaginary circle C1.

The periphery of the first piece 211 has a first arc edge 232 extending laterally from the first reference line L1, a first straight edge 233 extending from the first arc edge 232, and a first straight edge 233 extending from the first arc edge 232. An extended second straight side 234, and a third straight side 235 extending from the second straight side 234 and connected to the arc edge 231 of the body, wherein the first arc edge 232 is centered on the central axis AX. Arc side, the radius of the circle corresponding to the first arc side 232 is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle C6, there is a first intersection A between the first arc side 232 and the first reference line L1, the first arc There is a second intersection point B between the side 232 and the first straight side 233. The first straight side 233 is parallel to the first reference line L1. There is a second intersection point B between the first straight side 233 and the second straight side 234. At the third intersection point C, there is a fourth intersection between the second straight side 234 and the third straight side 235. At point D, the third straight side 235 is parallel to the first reference line L1, and there is a fifth intersection E between the third straight side 235 and the body arc edge 231.

The periphery of the second sheet body 212 has a second arc edge 236 extending laterally from the first reference line L1, a fourth straight edge 237 extending from the second arc edge 236, and a fourth straight edge 237 extending from the second arc edge 236. An extended third side 238, and a fifth straight side 239 extending from the third side 238 and connected to the arc edge 231 of the body, wherein the second arc edge 236 is centered on the central axis AX. An arc. The radius of the circle corresponding to the second arc edge 236 is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle C6. There is a sixth intersection F between the body arc edge 231 and the fifth straight edge 239. The sixth intersection F is located at On the second reference line L2, there is a seventh intersection point G between the fifth straight edge 239 and the third side edge 238, and there is an eighth intersection point between the third side edge 238 and the fourth straight edge 237. H, there is a ninth intersection point I between the fourth straight side 237 and the second arc edge 236, and there is a tenth intersection point J between the second arc edge 236 and the first reference line L1.

The first intersection point A, the second intersection point B, the ninth intersection point I and the tenth intersection point J are located in the sixth imaginary circle C6, the third intersection point C is located in the fourth imaginary circle C4, and the fourth intersection point D is located in The second imaginary circle C2, the fifth intersection point E and the sixth intersection point F are located in the first imaginary circle C1, the seventh intersection point G is located in the third imaginary circle C3, and the eighth intersection point H is located in the fifth imaginary circle C5.

Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 together. The angle between the straight line from the central axis AX to the seventh intersection point G and the second reference line L2 is a first included angle θ1. The first included angle θ1 is between 15 degrees and 25 degrees. time (including 15 degrees and 25 degrees), that is, 15°≦θ1≦25°. The angle between the straight line from the central axis AX to the eighth intersection H and the second reference line L2 is a second angle θ2, and the second angle θ2 is between 30 degrees and 35 degrees (inclusive) , that is, 30°≦θ2≦35°. The angle between the straight line from the central axis AX to the ninth intersection point I and the second reference line L2 is a third angle θ3, and the third angle θ3 is between 70 degrees and 80 degrees (inclusive) , that is, 70°≦θ3≦80°. The angle between the second straight side 234 and the third straight side 235 is a fourth included angle θ4, and the fourth included angle θ4 is between 90 degrees and 110 degrees (including 90 degrees and 110 degrees), that is, 90°≦θ4≦ 110°. The intersection between the straight line from the central axis AX to the fifth intersection E and the first reference line L1 The angle is a fifth included angle θ5, and the fifth included angle θ5 is between 35 degrees and 55 degrees (including 35 degrees and 55 degrees), that is, 35°≦θ5≦55°. The angle between the straight line from the central axis AX to the second intersection B and the first reference line L1 is a sixth included angle θ6, and the sixth included angle θ6 is between 30 degrees and 40 degrees (including 30 degrees and 40 degrees) , that is, 30°≦θ6≦40°. The third side 238 can be a straight side or a convex arc side. Please refer to Figure 7. When the third side 238 is a convex arc side, the third side 238 corresponds to the circumference of an inner imaginary circle. , the center BX of the inner imaginary circle is located within the projection range of the rotor 20. On the other hand, the difference between the radius of the first imaginary circle C1 and the radius of the shaft hole 24 of the rotor 20 is defined as d. The third side The radius of the imaginary circle corresponding to 238 is defined as R, R>d/3.

As mentioned above, the specifications of the first embodiment of the motor are recorded in the following table. W0, W1, W2, and W3 shown in the following table can also be recorded in Figure 16 for reference only:

」與「

」分別代表電流流出與流入圖面方向，其為所屬技術領域中的通常知識。 The specific structures of the first embodiment of the rotor 20 and the stator 10 have been described above. Regarding the driving means of the present invention, as mentioned above, the shape of the second half 22 of the rotor 20 corresponds to the shape of the first half 21 rotated 180 degrees around the central axis AX. Therefore, the shape of the present invention The driving principle is only explained by taking the rotor 20 rotating 0° to 180° relative to the stator 10 as an example, and the situation in which the rotor 20 rotates 180° to 360° relative to the stator 10 can be deduced in the same way. FIG. 10 is a state where the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 0°, and FIG. 11 is a state where the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 90°. It should also be noted that in Figures 10 and 11, the symbol "

"and"

” respectively represent the direction of current outflow and inflow into the drawing, which is common knowledge in the technical field.

The second coil 122 and the fourth coil 124 receive a DC driving power as shown in Figure 8, and the first coil 121 and the third coil 123 receive an AC driving power as shown in Figure 9. Please refer to the figure 3 and FIG. 10, when the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is between 0° and 90°, the magnetic flux Fx1 generated by the current passing through the first coil 121 on the first magnetic permeable column 111 is the same as the magnetic flux Fx1 generated by the current passing through the first coil 121. The magnetic flux Fx2 generated by the current of the fourth coil 124 on the first magnetic permeable column 111 cancels each other. The magnetic flux Fx4 generated by the current passing through the second coil 122 on the third magnetic permeable column 113 is different from the magnetic flux Fx4 generated by the third magnetic conductive column 113 by the current passing through the second coil 122 . The magnetic flux Fx3 generated by the current of 123 in the third magnetic permeable column 113 cancels each other; on the contrary, the magnetic flux Fx5 generated in the second magnetic permeable column 112 by the current passing through the first coil 121 and the second coil 122 The magnetic flux Fx6 generated by the current in the second magnetic permeable column 112 has an additive effect. The magnetic flux Fx7 generated in the fourth magnetic permeable column 114 by the current passing through the third coil 123 and the current in the fourth coil 124 are in The magnetic flux Fx8 generated by the fourth magnetic pole 114 has an additive effect, and therefore can drive the rotor 20 to rotate from 0° to 90° relative to the stator 10 .

Then, the current of the AC driving power supply is reversed (as shown in Figure 9). Therefore, please refer to Figure 11. The current passing through the first coil 121 generates a magnetic flux Fx5 in the second magnetic permeable column 112 and the second coil The magnetic flux Fx6 generated by the current of 122 in the second magnetic permeable column 112 cancels each other. The magnetic flux Fx7 generated by the current through the third coil 123 in the fourth magnetic permeable column 114 and the current of the fourth coil 124 are in the The magnetic flux Fx8 generated by the fourth magnetic permeable column 114 cancels each other; on the contrary, the magnetic flux Fx1 generated by the first magnetic conductive column 111 by the current passing through the first coil 121 and the magnetic flux Fx1 generated by the current passing through the fourth coil 124 are in the fourth magnetic conductive column 114 . The magnetic flux Fx2 generated by a magnetic conductive column 111 has an additive effect. The magnetic flux Fx4 generated by the current passing through the second coil 122 in the third magnetic conductive column 113 and the current passing through the third coil 123 are generated in the third magnetic conductive column 113. The magnetic flux Fx3 generated by the magnetic pole 113 has an additive effect, so the rotor 20 can be driven to rotate from 90° to 180° relative to the stator 10 .

By applying the DC driving power and the AC driving power to the first to fourth coils 121 to 124, the magnetic flux changes generated in Figures 10 and 11 can drive the rotor 20 to rotate. like The torque performance of the first embodiment of the motor described above can be referred to Figure 12. The maximum torque is 209.69 (μNm), the average torque is 174.18 (μNm), and the torque ripple is 40.37%.

The above description is of the first embodiment of the stator 10 of the present invention. The following is a description of the second embodiment of the stator of the present invention. However, the structure of the rotor 20 will not be repeated. Please refer to the second embodiment of the stator 40 shown in Figures 13 and 14, which includes a stator core 41 and a plurality of coils. The stator core 41 includes a base 410, a first magnetic pole 411, a first Two magnetic conductive columns 412, a third magnetic conductive column 413 and a fourth magnetic conductive column 414. The base 410 can be a cylindrical base. The magnetically conductive columns 411 to 414 are equidistantly arranged on the inner surface 415 of the base 410 . The first magnetically conductive column 411 is located on the third magnetically conductive column 413 Oppositely, the second magnetic conductive column 412 is located opposite the fourth magnetic conductive column 414. Please refer to Figure 14. The first magnetic conductive column 411 includes a first permanent magnet block 411A and a magnetic conductive block 411B. The first magnetic conductive column 411A and a magnetic conductive block 411B. The permanent magnet block 411A is a rectangular permanent magnet. The bottom of the first permanent magnet block 411A is disposed on the inner surface 415 of the base 410. The magnetic conductive block 411B is disposed on the top of the first permanent magnet block 411A. The magnetic conductive block 411B is disposed on the top of the first permanent magnet block 411A. The width of the first permanent magnet block 411B is greater than the width of the first permanent magnet block 411A to achieve the function of winding limiting, wherein the first permanent magnet block 411A, the inner surface 415 of the base 410 and the magnetic permeable block 411B can penetrate the adhesive. fixed to each other.

The structures of the second to fourth magnetic permeable pillars 412 to 414 can be deduced in the same way. The second magnetic permeable pillar 412 includes a second permanent magnet block 412A and a magnetic permeable block 412B. The third magnetic permeable pillar 412 The column 413 includes a third permanent magnet block 413A and a magnetic conductive block 413B, and the fourth magnetic conductive column 414 includes a fourth permanent magnet block 414A and a magnetic conductive block 414B. Since the permanent magnet blocks 411A to 414A are rectangular permanent magnets, the inner surface 415 of the base body 410 for setting the permanent magnet blocks 411A to 414A is a flat surface, that is, the base body 410 and the permanent magnet blocks 411A to 414A are flat. The joining surfaces of the magnet blocks 411A~414A are flat surfaces, and the joining surfaces of the permanent magnet blocks 411A~414A and the magnetic permeable blocks 411B~414B are flat surfaces.

Please refer to Figure 15. The N pole of the first permanent magnet block 411A, the S pole of the second permanent magnet block 412A, the S pole of the third permanent magnet block 413A and the N pole of the fourth permanent magnet block 414A are close to the The inner surface 415 of the base 410, that is to say the S pole of the first permanent magnet block 411A, the second The N pole of the permanent magnet block 412A, the N pole of the third permanent magnet block 413A and the S pole of the fourth permanent magnet block 414A are close to the center of the base 410 .

」符號代表導線進入圖面的方向，「

」符號代表導線離開圖面的方向，該第一線圈至該第四線圈421~424可由一條導線繞設而成，也就是說該第二線圈422的一端部連接該第一線圈421的一端部，該第一線圈421的另一端部連接該第四線圈424的一端部，該第四線圈424的另一端部連接該第三線圈423的一端部，該第三線圈423的另一端部與該第二線圈422的另一端部可供電性連接一交流驅動電源(如圖9所示)。 The coils in the stator 40 include a first coil 421, a second coil 422, a third coil 423 and a fourth coil 424. Refer to Figure 15 for the winding structure of the coils 421~424. The first coil 421 is wound around the first permanent magnet block 411A of the first magnetically conductive column 411, the second coil 422 is wound around the second permanent magnet block 412A of the second magnetically conductive column 412, and the third The coil 423 is wound around the third permanent magnet block 413A of the third magnetically conductive column 413 , and the fourth coil 424 is wound around the first permanent magnet block 414A of the fourth magnetically conductive column 414 . It is understandable that in Figure 15 "

"The symbol represents the direction in which the wire enters the drawing,"

The "symbol represents the direction of the wire away from the drawing. The first to fourth coils 421 to 424 can be wound by one wire, that is to say, one end of the second coil 422 is connected to one end of the first coil 421 , the other end of the first coil 421 is connected to one end of the fourth coil 424, the other end of the fourth coil 424 is connected to one end of the third coil 423, the other end of the third coil 423 is connected to the The other end of the second coil 422 can be connected to an AC driving power supply (as shown in FIG. 9 ).

As mentioned above, the specifications of the second embodiment of the motor are recorded in the following table. W0, W1, W2, and W3 shown in the following table can be recorded in Figure 16 for reference:

」與「

」分別代表電流流出與流入圖面方向，其為所屬技術領域中的通常知識。 The specific structures of the second embodiment of the rotor 20 and the stator 40 have been described above. As for the driving means of the present invention, as described in the first embodiment, the rotor 20 rotates 0° to 180° relative to the stator 40 as an example, and the rotor 20 rotates 180° to 360° relative to the stator 10. The situation can be deduced by analogy. FIG. 17 is a state where the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 40 is 0°, and FIG. 18 is a state where the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 40 is 90°. It should be noted that in Figure 17 and Figure 18, the symbol "

"and"

” respectively represent the direction of current outflow and inflow into the drawing, which is common knowledge in the technical field.

When the angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 40 is between 0° and 90°, please refer to the AC driving power supply shown in FIG. 15 , FIG. 17 and FIG. 9 , the current passing through the first coil 421 is in the The magnetic flux Fx11 generated by the first magnetic permeable column 411 and the magnetic flux Fx12 of the first permanent magnet block 411A cancel each other. The magnetic flux Fx13 generated by the third magnetic permeable column 413 by the current passing through the third coil 423 and the third magnetic conductive column 413 cancel each other. The magnetic flux Fx14 of the permanent magnet block 413A cancels each other; on the contrary, the magnetic flux Fx15 generated by the current passing through the second coil 422 on the second magnetic permeable column 412 is added to the magnetic flux Fx16 of the second permanent magnet block 412A. The effect of the current passing through the fourth coil 424 is that the magnetic flux Fx17 generated by the fourth magnetic permeable column 414 has an additive effect and the magnetic flux Fx18 of the fourth permanent magnet block 414A. Therefore, the rotor 20 can be driven to face each other. The stator 40 rotates from 0° to 90°.

Then, the current of the AC driving power supply is reversed (as shown in Figure 9). Therefore, please refer to Figure 18. The current passing through the second coil 422 generates a magnetic flux Fx15 in the second magnetic permeable column 412 and the second permanent magnetic flux Fx15. The magnetic flux Fx16 of the magnet block 412A cancels each other out. The magnetic flux Fx17 generated by the current passing through the fourth coil 424 on the fourth magnetic permeable column 414 cancels out the magnetic flux Fx18 of the fourth permanent magnet block 414A. On the contrary, through The current of the first coil 421 has an additive effect on the magnetic flux Fx11 generated by the first magnetic column 411 and the magnetic flux Fx12 of the first permanent magnet block 411A. The current passing through the third coil 423 has an additive effect on the third coil 423 . The magnetic flux Fx13 generated by the magnetic pole 413 has an additive effect with the magnetic flux Fx14 of the third permanent magnet block 413A. Therefore, the rotor 20 can be driven to rotate from 90° to 180° relative to the stator 40 .

By applying the AC driving power to the first to fourth coils 421 to 424, the magnetic flux changes generated in Figures 17 and 18 can drive the rotor 20 to rotate. As mentioned above, the torque performance of the second embodiment of the motor can be referred to Figure 19. The maximum torque is 205.39 (μNm), the average torque is 170.22 (μNm), and the torque ripple is 39.67%.

To sum up, the flux switching motor (FSM) has the characteristics of high torque output and low torque ripple. According to the radial air gap structure of the present invention, the irregular structure of the rotor can indeed improve the motor characteristics. And improve the torque dead zone situation, and compared with the traditional three-phase motor, the structure of the present invention is simpler, uses fewer components, and can reduce the overall size, so it can be easily assembled and reduce costs. In addition, compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment only needs to apply AC driving current instead of DC current, which has the feature of saving energy loss. In terms of applications, for example, the first embodiment can be applied to micro pumps, robotic arms, micro fans, micro drones, etc., and the second embodiment can be applied to products such as pressure vessels and fluid waterproof systems. , vacuum equipment and wireless charging drones...etc.

10:Stator

11:Stator core

110: base body

111: The first magnetic column

112: The second magnetic column

113: The third magnetic column

114: The fourth magnetic column

115:Inner surface

121:First coil

122:Second coil

123:Third coil

124:Fourth coil

20:Rotor

30:Pivot

Claims (10)

A radial flux switching motor including: The stator includes a stator magnetic core and a plurality of coils. The stator core includes a base body and a plurality of magnetic conductive columns distributed on the inner surface of the base body. The coils are respectively wound around the magnetic conductive columns; and A rotor is disposed in the stator and can rotate relative to the stator. The rotor is defined with a central axis and a first reference line and a second reference line that are perpendicular to the central axis and intersect the central axis; the rotor It is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, and the shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis; The first half includes a body and a first piece body and a second piece body extending respectively from the body along the first reference line at opposite ends. The first piece body and the second piece body are opposite to each other. Different shapes, including: The perimeter of the body is an arc edge of the body; The periphery of the first sheet body has a first arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a first straight edge extending from the first arc edge, and a second straight edge extending from the first straight edge. side, and a third straight side extending from the second straight side and connecting the arc edge of the body; The periphery of the second piece body has a second arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a fourth straight side extending from the second arc edge, and a third side extending from the fourth straight edge. side, and a fifth straight side extending from the third side and connected to the arc edge of the body. The radial flux switching motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor is defined with a first imaginary circle, a second imaginary circle, a third imaginary circle, and a fourth imaginary circle with the central axis as the center. Circle, a fifth imaginary circle and a sixth imaginary circle; In the body, the arc edge of the body is an arc with the central axis as the center, and its corresponding circle radius is equal to the radius of the first imaginary circle; In the first piece, the first arc edge is an arc edge with the central axis as the center. The radius of the circle corresponding to the first arc edge is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle. The first arc edge and the There is a first intersection point between the first reference lines; there is a second intersection point between the first arc edge and the first straight edge; there is a third intersection point between the first straight edge and the second straight edge, There is a fourth intersection point between the second straight side and the third straight side, and there is a fifth intersection point between the third straight side and the arc edge of the body; In the second sheet body, the second arc edge is an arc with the central axis as the center. The radius of the circle corresponding to the second arc edge is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle. The body arc edge is consistent with the fifth arc edge. There is a sixth intersection point between the straight sides, the sixth intersection point is on the second reference line, there is a seventh intersection point between the fifth straight side and the third side, and the third side and the fourth straight side are There is an eighth intersection point between the sides, a ninth intersection point between the fourth straight side and the second arc edge, and a tenth intersection point between the second arc edge and the first reference line; The first intersection point, the second intersection point, the ninth intersection point and the tenth intersection point are located on the sixth imaginary circle, the third intersection point is located on the fourth imaginary circle, the fourth intersection point is located on the second imaginary circle, and the third intersection point is located on the second imaginary circle. The fifth intersection point and the sixth intersection point are located on the first imaginary circle, the seventh intersection point is located on the third imaginary circle, and the eighth intersection point is located on the fifth imaginary circle; the straight line from the central axis to the seventh intersection point and the second The angle between the reference line is θ1, 15°≦θ1≦25°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the eighth intersection point and the second reference line is θ2, 30°≦θ2≦35°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the ninth intersection point and the second reference line is θ3, 70°≦θ3≦80°; The angle between the second straight side and the third straight side is θ4, 90°≦θ4≦110°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the fifth intersection point and the first reference line is θ5, 35°≦θ5≦55°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the second intersection point and the first reference line is θ6, 30°≦θ6≦40°; The first straight side and the third straight side are parallel to the first reference line. The radial flux switching motor of claim 2, wherein the third side corresponds to the circumference of an inner imaginary circle, the center of the inner imaginary circle is located within the projection range of the rotor, and the radius of the first imaginary circle The difference from the radius of the shaft hole of the rotor is defined as d, and the radius of the inner imaginary circle corresponding to the third side is defined as R, R > d/3. The radial flux switching motor of claim 2, wherein the third side is a straight side. The radial flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnetically conductive columns are equidistantly distributed on the inner surface of the base, and the magnetically conductive columns include a first magnetically conductive column. column, a second magnetic conductive column, a third magnetic conductive column and a fourth magnetic conductive column, the first magnetic conductive column is located opposite the third magnetic conductive column, and the second magnetic conductive column is located on the fourth magnetic conductive column. Opposite of the magnetic column; The coils include a first coil, a second coil, a third coil and a fourth coil. The first coil is wound around the first magnetic conductive column and the second magnetic conductive column. The second coil is wound around Disposed on the second magnetic conductive column and the third magnetic conductive column, the third coil is wound around the third magnetic conductive column and the fourth magnetic conductive column, and the fourth coil is wound around the fourth magnetic conductive column and the first magnetic conductive column; One end of the first coil is connected to one end of the third coil to form an AC winding; One end of the second coil is connected to one end of the fourth coil to form a DC winding. The radial flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnetically conductive columns are equidistantly distributed on the inner surface of the base, and the magnetically conductive columns include a first magnetically conductive column. column, a second magnetic conductive column, a third magnetic conductive column and a fourth magnetic conductive column, the first magnetic conductive column is located opposite the third magnetic conductive column, and the second magnetic conductive column is located on the fourth magnetic conductive column. Opposite the magnetic column; the first magnetic conductive column has a first permanent magnet block, the second magnetic conductive column has a second permanent magnet block, the third magnetic conductive column has a third permanent magnet block, and the fourth magnetic conductive column has a third permanent magnet block. The magnetic conductive column has a fourth permanent magnet block; The coils include a first coil, a second coil, a third coil and a fourth coil. The first coil is wound around the first permanent magnet block, and the second coil is wound around the second permanent magnet. block, the third coil is wound around the third permanent magnet block, and the fourth coil is wound around the fourth permanent magnet block; One end of the second coil is connected to one end of the first coil, the other end of the first coil is connected to one end of the fourth coil, and the other end of the fourth coil is connected to one end of the third coil. A rotor of a radial flux switching motor includes a first half and a second half. The shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around a central axis, The first half includes a body and a first piece body and a second piece body extending respectively from the body along the first reference line at opposite ends. The first piece body and the second piece body are opposite to each other. Different shapes, including: The rotor is defined with a central axis and a first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to the central axis and intersecting the central axis. The rotor is divided into the first half and the second reference line based on the first reference line. the second half; The perimeter of the body is an arc edge of the body; The periphery of the first piece has a first arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a first straight edge extending from the first arc edge, and a second straight edge extending from the first straight edge. side, and a third straight side extending from the second straight side and connecting the arc edge of the body; The periphery of the second piece body has a second arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, a fourth straight side extending from the second arc edge, and a third side extending from the fourth straight edge. side, and a fifth straight side extending from the third side and connected to the arc edge of the body. The rotor of a radial flux switching motor as described in claim 7, wherein a first imaginary circle, a second imaginary circle, a third imaginary circle, a third imaginary circle with the central axis as the center are defined in the rotor. four imaginary circles, one fifth imaginary circle and one sixth imaginary circle; In the body, the arc edge of the body is an arc with the central axis as the center, and its corresponding circle radius is equal to the radius of the first imaginary circle; In the first piece, the first arc edge is an arc edge with the central axis as the center. The radius of the circle corresponding to the first arc edge is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle. The first arc edge and the There is a first intersection point between the first reference lines; there is a second intersection point between the first arc edge and the first straight edge; there is a third intersection point between the first straight edge and the second straight edge, There is a fourth intersection point between the second straight side and the third straight side, and there is a fifth intersection point between the third straight side and the arc edge of the body; In the second sheet body, the second arc edge is an arc with the central axis as the center. The radius of the circle corresponding to the second arc edge is equal to the radius of the sixth imaginary circle. The body arc edge is consistent with the fifth arc edge. There is a sixth intersection point between the straight sides, the sixth intersection point is on the second reference line, there is a seventh intersection point between the fifth straight side and the third side, and the third side and the fourth straight side are There is an eighth intersection point between the sides, a ninth intersection point between the fourth straight side and the second arc edge, and a tenth intersection point between the second arc edge and the first reference line; The first intersection point, the second intersection point, the ninth intersection point and the tenth intersection point are located on the sixth imaginary circle, the third intersection point is located on the fourth imaginary circle, the fourth intersection point is located on the second imaginary circle, and the third intersection point is located on the second imaginary circle. The fifth intersection point and the sixth intersection point are located on the first imaginary circle, the seventh intersection point is located on the third imaginary circle, and the eighth intersection point is located on the fifth imaginary circle; the straight line from the central axis to the seventh intersection point and the second The angle between the reference line is θ1, 15°≦θ1≦25°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the eighth intersection point and the second reference line is θ2, 30°≦θ2≦35°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the ninth intersection point and the second reference line is θ3, 70°≦θ3≦80°; The angle between the second straight side and the third straight side is θ4, 90°≦θ4≦110°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the fifth intersection point and the first reference line is θ5, 35°≦θ5≦55°; The angle between the straight line from the central axis to the second intersection point and the first reference line is θ6, 30°≦θ6≦40°; The first straight side and the third straight side are parallel to the first reference line. The rotor of the radial flux switching motor according to claim 8, wherein the third side corresponds to the circumference of an inner imaginary circle, the center of the inner imaginary circle is located within the projection range of the rotor, and the first imaginary circle The difference between the radius of the rotor and the radius of the shaft hole of the rotor is defined as d, and the radius of the inner imaginary circle corresponding to the third side is defined as R, R > d/3. The rotor of the radial flux switching motor according to claim 8, wherein the third side is a straight side.

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