TWI792467B - Axial flux switching motor and its rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

An axial magnetic flux switching motor and its rotor. The rotor is pivoted on the stator. The rotor is divided into a first half and a second half. The second half corresponds to the first half and rotates around the central axis. 180-degree shape, the first half includes a main body and a first piece and a second piece extending from both ends of the main body, the periphery of the main body is a body arc, and the first piece The periphery has a first arc edge and the first side connecting the arc edge of the body, the periphery of the second sheet has a second arc edge, a third arc edge extending from the second arc edge, and a The third arc extends to connect the second side of the arc of the main body; the first sheet and the second sheet have different shapes and can form an irregular structure, which can improve the characteristics of the motor and effectively improve the torque deadlock The situation of the domain.

Description

Axial flux switching motor and its rotor

The invention relates to a motor, in particular to an axial magnetic flux switching motor and its rotor.

Flux switching motor (FSM) is one of the motor types in the field of motor technology, such as the "Flux-switching dual excitation electrical machine" disclosed in US Patent No. US7,868,506B2, which features three-phase radial gas Gap design, multi-tooth stator design, and symmetrical rotor structure; the "Flux-switching magnetic motor/generator machine" disclosed in US Patent No. US8,076,811B2 features three-phase and five-phase radial air-gap designs , stator and rotor symmetrical multi-pole structure; the "Axial flux switching permanent magnet machine" disclosed in US Patent No. US9,859,777B2, which features three-phase axial air gap, fan-shaped stator pole design, simple rotor structure and Three-dimensional salient pole design.

However, there is a problem with the conventional magnetic flux switching motor. The problem is that the rotor has a symmetrical structure. When the rotor is in a position where the magnetic force lines are uniform, it means that the force of the magnetic field acting on the rotor is balanced. This position is called the torque dead zone. At this time, the force of the magnetic lines of force on the rotor reaches a balance, the rotor cannot rotate, and the motor cannot run smoothly.

In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an axial flux switching motor to overcome the problem that the rotor of the conventional flux switching motor has a symmetrical structure, which results in a torque dead zone and cannot allow the rotor to run smoothly.

The axial flux switching motor of the present invention comprises: A stator includes an upper positioning piece, a lower positioning piece, a pivot, a first magnetically conductive column, a second magnetically conductive column, a third magnetically conductive column, a fourth magnetically conductive column and a plurality of coils: the first magnetically conductive column A magnetically conductive post to the fourth magnetically conductive post is installed between the upper positioning piece and the lower positioning piece, the pivot protrudes from the top surface of the upper positioning piece; and a rotor is pivotally arranged on the pivot; A central axis passing through the center of the upper positioning piece is defined in the stator, and a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis is defined, and the horizontal reference plane includes a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other; the rotor A horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis and parallel to the horizontal reference plane is defined, a first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to each other are defined on the horizontal reference plane, and the first reference line can overlap the The first axis, the second reference line can overlap the second axis; the rotor is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, and the shape of the second half corresponds to the same as the The shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis. The first half includes a body and a first piece and a second piece respectively extending from the body along the two ends of the first reference line. Body, the first sheet and the second sheet are of different shapes, wherein: the periphery of the body is a body arc edge; the periphery of the first sheet has a lateral extension from the first reference line A first arc edge and a first side extending from the first arc edge to connect the body arc edge; the periphery of the second sheet has a second arc edge extending laterally from the first reference line, A third arc extending from the second arc and a second side extending from the third arc and connected to the body arc.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rotor for an axial flux switching motor. A stator of the axial flux switching motor includes an upper positioning piece, and a central axis passing through the center of the upper positioning piece is defined in the stator. , and define a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis, the horizontal reference plane includes a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other; The rotor defines a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis and parallel to the horizontal reference plane. A first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to each other are defined on the horizontal reference plane. The first reference line can overlap the first axis, and the second reference line can overlap the second axis; the rotor is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, and the second half The shape corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis. The first half includes a body and a first piece extending from the body along the two ends of the first reference line. and a second sheet, the first sheet and the second sheet are of different shapes, wherein: the periphery of the body is a body arc; the periphery of the first sheet has a A first arc side extending laterally from the line and a first side extending from the first arc side to connect the body arc side; the periphery of the second sheet has a sideways extending from the first reference line The second arc edge, a third arc edge extending from the second arc edge, and a second side edge extending from the third arc edge and connecting the body arc edge.

In the rotor of the present invention, the first piece and the second piece have different shapes and can form an irregular structure, which can improve the characteristics of the motor and effectively improve the situation of the torque dead zone, and the axial design of the present invention is particularly It is suitable for environments with a flat shape or limited direction of the output shaft. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, fewer components, and reduced overall size, so that assembly is easy and costs are reduced.

10: Stator

100: Axis axis

101: The first axis

102:Second Axis

11: Upper positioning piece

12: Lower positioning piece

13: Pivot

130: shaft sleeve

141: The first magnetic guide column

141A: First Pillar

141B: The first permanent magnet post

142: The second magnetic column

142A: the second pillar

142B: second permanent magnet column

143: The third magnetic column

143A: The third pillar

143B: The third permanent magnet post

144: The fourth magnetic column

144A: The fourth pillar

144B: The fourth permanent magnet post

151: The first imaginary circle

152: The second imaginary circle

153: The third imaginary circle

154: The fourth imaginary circle

155: The fifth imaginary circle

156: The sixth imaginary circle

157: The seventh imaginary circle

158: Imaginary ellipse

161,165: first coil

162,166: second coil

163: The third coil

164: The fourth coil

20: rotor

201: The first reference line

202: Second reference line

21: First half

22: Second half

23: Ontology

230: body arc edge

24: The first body

240: The first arc edge

241: first side

25: The second body

250: Second arc edge

251: The third arc edge

252: second side

L: long axis

S: short axis

A: The first point of intersection

B: second intersection point

C: third point of intersection

D: the fourth point of intersection

E: fifth node

X1: center of circle

X2: center of circle

flux_1, flux_2: flux direction

FIG. 1 : An exploded perspective view of an embodiment of an axial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Fig. 2: A three-dimensional appearance schematic diagram of an embodiment of the axial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Fig. 3: An exploded perspective view of the rotor and the upper positioning piece in another embodiment of the axial flux switching motor of the present invention.

Fig. 4: In the present invention, a schematic diagram of an imaginary circle defined in the stator.

Fig. 5: In the present invention, a schematic diagram of an imaginary ellipse defined in the stator.

Fig. 6: In the present invention, a schematic diagram of defining a rotor structure according to an imaginary circle and an imaginary ellipse (the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0°).

Fig. 7: Another schematic diagram of defining the structure of the rotor in the present invention.

Fig. 8: Another schematic diagram of defining the structure of the rotor in the present invention.

Fig. 9: In the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0°~90°, the schematic diagram of the magnitude and direction of the current passing through the first coil to the fourth coil.

Fig. 10A: In the present invention, according to the magnitude and direction of the current shown in Fig. 9, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated in the third and fourth magnetic conducting columns.

Fig. 10B: In the present invention, according to the magnitude and direction of the current shown in Fig. 9, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated in the first magnetically conductive column and the second magnetically conductive column.

Fig. 11: In the present invention, when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 90°~180°, the schematic diagram of the magnitude and direction of the current passing through the first coil to the fourth coil.

Fig. 12A: In the present invention, according to the magnitude and direction of the current shown in Fig. 9, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated in the third and fourth magnetic conducting columns.

Fig. 12B: In the present invention, according to the magnitude and direction of the current shown in Fig. 9, a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated in the first magnetically conductive column and the second magnetically conductive column.

FIG. 13 : An exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the axial flux switching motor of the present invention.

FIG. 14A : Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 , a schematic diagram of the magnetic fluxes of the third and fourth magnetic conducting columns when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0°-90°.

FIG. 14B : Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 , a schematic diagram of the magnetic fluxes of the first magnetically conductive post and the second magnetically conductive post when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 0°-90°.

FIG. 15A : Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 , a schematic diagram of the magnetic fluxes of the third and fourth magnetic conducting columns when the rotor rotates relative to the stator at a rotation angle of 90°-180°.

FIG. 15B : Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 , a schematic diagram of the magnetic fluxes of the first magnetically permeable pillar and the second magnetically permeable pillar when the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator is 90°-180°.

Fig. 16: Corresponding to the schematic diagram of the torque-angle waveform during operation of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 17: Corresponding to the schematic diagram of the torque-angle waveform during operation of the embodiment in Fig. 13 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an embodiment of the axial flux switching motor of the present invention includes a stator 10 and a rotor 20, the rotor 20 is pivotally mounted on the stator 10 and can be driven relative to the magnetic flux change. The stator 10 rotates. The present invention is only illustrated by taking the rotor 20 disposed above the stator 10 as an example, but the actual use state of the present invention is not limited to this orientation.

The stator 10 includes an upper positioning piece 11, a lower positioning piece 12, a pivot 13, a first magnetically conductive post 141, a second magnetically conductive post 142, a third magnetically conductive post 143, and a fourth magnetically conductive post 144 with complex coils. The upper positioning piece 11 and the lower positioning piece 12 are arranged at intervals corresponding to the upper and lower positions, and the first to the fourth magnetic guiding columns 141-144 can be cylinders with the same diameter, which are installed on the Between the upper positioning piece 11 and the lower positioning piece 12, the pivot 13 can protrude from the axis of the upper surface of the upper positioning piece 11, and the pivot 13 protrudes laterally from a sleeve 130, wherein the pivot Axis 13 can be the round bar that passes through upper and lower positioning piece 11,12 as shown in Figure 1, or in another embodiment shown in Figure 3, this pivot 13 is a protruding from this upper positioning piece 11 The convex part of the top surface.

The rotor 20 is pivoted on the pivot 13, and the sleeve 130 on the pivot 13 is located between the rotor 20 and the upper positioning piece 11, and the sleeve 130 can connect the rotor 20 to the upper positioning piece 11. separated to form an air gap.

Please refer to FIG. 4, a central axis 100 passing through the center of the upper positioning piece 11 is defined in the stator 10, and a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis 100 is defined, and the horizontal reference plane includes a first axis 101 perpendicular to each other. and a second axis 102, and define a first imaginary circle 151, a second imaginary circle 152, a third imaginary circle 153, A fourth imaginary circle 154, a fifth imaginary circle 155, a sixth imaginary circle 156 and a seventh imaginary circle 157, the first imaginary circle to the seventh imaginary circle 151 ~ 157 can be perfect circles, and their radius is from The order from small to large is the first imaginary circle 151, the second imaginary circle 152, the third imaginary circle 153, the fourth imaginary circle 154, the fifth imaginary circle 155, the sixth imaginary circle 156 and the first imaginary circle 156. Seven imaginary circles 157. The pivot 13 passes through the top surface of the upper positioning piece 11 corresponding to the central axis 100 so that the rotor 20 can be pivotally mounted on the pivot 13 . The first magnetically permeable pillars to the fourth magnetically permeable pillars 141-144 are separated from each other and arranged equidistantly. On the first axis 101, the third magnetically permeable column 143 and the fourth magnetically permeable column 144 are opposite to each other and their centers are located on the second axis 102. Circumferential surfaces of the magnetic columns 141 - 144 are inscribed with the sixth imaginary circle 156 and circumscribed with the first imaginary circle 151 . In the embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the first imaginary circle 151 is defined as d1, the diameter of the fourth imaginary circle 154 is defined as d4, the diameter of the sixth imaginary circle 156 is defined as d6, and the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle 157 is The diameter is defined as d7, and the diameter of each of the magnetically conductive pillars 141-144 is defined as d, preferably, d6=d4+d, d1=d4-d, d7=d6+d.

Please refer to FIG. 5, the stator 10 also defines an imaginary ellipse 158 centered on the central axis 100, the imaginary ellipse 158 has a major axis L and a minor axis S passing through the central axis 100 and perpendicular to each other, when the The length of the major axis L is equal to the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle 157, and the length of the minor axis S is equal to the diameter of the third imaginary circle 153, so that the imaginary ellipse 158 can be tangent to the seventh imaginary circle 157 and the first imaginary circle 157. Three imaginary circles 153 . The length of the major axis L of the imaginary ellipse 158 is between d6 and d6+d (including d6 and d6+d), and the length of the minor axis S of the imaginary ellipse 158 is between d1 and d4 (including d1 and d4). The major axis L and the first axis 101 have a first included angle θ ₁ , and the first included angle θ ₁ is between 15 degrees and 25 degrees, that is, 15°≦θ ₁ ≦25°.

Please refer to FIG. 6, the rotor 20 defines a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis 100 and parallel to the horizontal reference plane, a first reference line 201 and a second reference line 202 perpendicular to each other are defined on the horizontal reference plane, When the rotation angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 0° (that is, the state), the first reference line 201 overlaps the first axis 101 , and the second reference line 202 overlaps the second axis 102 . The rotor 20 is divided into a first half 21 and a second half 22 according to the first reference line 201 , the shape of the second half 22 is correspondingly the same as that of the first half 21 centered on the central axis 100 The shape rotated 180 degrees along the horizontal reference plane, so the structures of the first half 21 and the second half 22 are corresponding. The structure description of the present invention only takes the first half 21 as an example, and the second half 21 The structure of the half 22 can be deduced by analogy. The first half 21 includes a body 23 and a first sheet 24 and a second sheet 25 respectively extending from the body 23 along two ends of the first reference line 201 .

The periphery of the body 23 is a body arc 230, and the first sheet 24 and the second sheet 25 are of different shapes; the body arc 230 can be a circular arc centered on the central axis 100, which corresponds to The radius of the circle is less than or equal to the radius of the second imaginary circle 152 .

The periphery of the first sheet 24 has a first arc edge 240 laterally extending from the first reference line 201 and a first side edge 241 extending from the first arc edge 240 to connect the body arc edge 230 There is a first intersection point A between the first arc edge 240 and the first side edge 241 , and a second intersection point B between the first side edge 241 and the body arc edge 230 . The first arc edge 240 is an arc centered on the central axis 100, and its corresponding radius is less than or equal to the radius of the fifth imaginary circle 155 and greater than the radius of the fourth imaginary circle 154; the first side edge 241 can be a straight edge (that is, the connecting line between the first intersection A and the second intersection B is a straight line), or the first side 241 can be an arc edge (that is, the first intersection A and the second intersection B The connecting line is an arc line), when the first side 241 is a concave arc edge, please refer to FIG. The center X1 of the imaginary circle is located outside the projected range of the rotor 20 .

As shown in FIG. 6, the periphery of the second sheet 25 has a second arc edge 250 extending laterally from the first reference line 201, a third arc edge 251 extending from the second arc edge 250, and a Extending from the third arc 251 to connect to the second side 252 of the body arc 230 , that is to say, the third arc 251 is connected between the second side 252 and the second arc 250 , The body arc 230 and the second side There is a third intersection point C between the 252, there is a fourth intersection point D between the second side 252 and the third arc edge 251, and there is a first intersection point between the third arc edge 251 and the second arc edge 250. The fifth intersection point E and the third intersection point C may be located on the second axis 102 . The second side 252 can be a straight edge (that is, the connecting line between the third intersection C and the fourth intersection D is a straight line), or the second side 252 can be a circular arc edge (that is, the third intersection C and the fourth intersection D are straight lines). The connecting line of the fourth intersection point D is an arc line), when the second side 252 is a convex arc edge, please refer to Fig. 7, the radius R2 of one of its corresponding inner imaginary circles is greater than that of each of the magnetically permeable columns Radius, that is R2>d/2, the center X2 of the inner imaginary circle is located within the projection range of the rotor 20; the third arc edge 251 overlaps with the circumference of the imaginary ellipse 158; the second arc edge 250 is the second arc edge 250 The extension of the first arc edge 240 of the half portion 22 , that is, the radius of the circle corresponding to the second arc edge 250 is also less than or equal to the radius of the fifth imaginary circle 155 and greater than the radius of the fourth imaginary circle 154 .

Please refer to FIG. 8 , preferably, the angle between the straight line from the central axis 100 to the first intersection point A and the first reference line 201 is a second included angle θ ₂ , and the second included angle θ ₂ is between 20 degrees and 25 degrees. degrees (including 20 degrees and 25 degrees), that is, 20°≦θ ₂ ≦25°. The angle between the straight line from the central axis 100 to the second intersection point B and the first reference line 201 is a third angle θ ₃ , and the third angle θ ₃ is between 30 degrees and 35 degrees (including 30 degrees and 35 degrees. degrees), that is, 30°≦θ ₃ ≦35°. The included angle between the straight line from the central axis 100 to the fourth intersection point D and the second reference line 202 is a fourth included angle θ ₄ , and the fourth included angle θ ₄ is between 15 degrees and 25 degrees (including 15 degrees and 25 degrees) degrees), that is, 15°≦θ ₄ ≦25°. The included angle between the straight line from the central axis 100 to the fifth intersection point E and the second reference line 202 is a fifth included angle θ ₅ , and the fifth included angle θ ₅ is between 78 degrees and 88 degrees (including 78 degrees and 88 degrees. degrees), that is, 78°≦θ ₅ ≦88°.

The specific structures of the rotor 20 and the stator 10 have been described above. Regarding the driving means of the present invention, the stator 10 includes a plurality of coils as mentioned above, and two examples of feasible driving means are described below.

1. Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the plurality of coils included in the stator 10 are a first coil 161, a second coil 162, a third coil 163 and a fourth coil 164, the first magnetically conductive column to The fourth magnetically conductive pillars 141-144 are integrally formed and magnetically permeable cylinders, the first coil 161 is wound around the first magnetically conductive pillar 141 and the fourth magnetically conductive pillar 144, and the second coil 162 is wound around the fourth magnetically conductive pillar 141. The third coil 163 is wound around the first magnetic pole 141 and the third magnetic pole 143, and the fourth coil 164 is wound around the second magnetic pole 142 and the third magnetic pole 143. The second magnetically conductive pillar 142 and the fourth magnetically conductive pillar 144 . The first coil 161 and the second coil 162 serve as an AC armature winding, and the third coil 163 and the fourth coil 164 serve as a DC excitation winding.

The first coil to the fourth coil 161-164 can be respectively electrically connected to a power supply device to receive driving power, wherein, the current passing through the third coil 163 and the fourth coil 164 can be a direct current, and the magnitude of the current is I _DC ; the current passing through the first coil 161 and the second coil 162 can be a square-wave alternating current, and its peak and valley values can be I _AC and -I _AC respectively, and I _DC =I _AC =|-I _AC |, but not limited to the previous formula.

The specifications of Example 1 are recorded in the following table for reference:

As mentioned above, the shape of the second half 22 of the rotor 20 corresponds to the shape of the first half 21 rotating 180 degrees around the central axis 100 along the horizontal reference plane, so the present invention The driving principle of the present invention is only illustrated by taking the rotor 20 rotating 0°~180° relative to the stator 10 as an example, and the situation that the rotor 20 rotates 180°~360° relative to the stator 10 can be deduced by analogy.

When the rotation angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 0°~90°, the magnitude and direction of the current passing through the first coil to the fourth coil 161~164 can refer to FIG. The current direction of the first coil 161 of the magnetic conducting column 144 is the same as that of the fourth coil 164, so the current through the first coil 161 and the current through the fourth coil 164 generate a magnetic field in the fourth magnetic conducting column 144. There is an additive effect, and in the same way, the magnetic flux generated by the current through the second coil 162 and the current through the third coil 163 in the third magnetic conductive column 143 has an additive effect, and the magnetic flux generated at this time Refer to FIG. 10A for the flow direction flux_1. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 9, the current direction of the first coil 161 wound around the first magnetically conductive column 141 is opposite to that of the third coil 163. Referring to FIG. 10B, the current through the first coil 161 The current passing through the third coil 163 cancels the magnetic flux generated in the first magnetically conductive column 141. Similarly, the current passing through the second coil 162 and the current passing through the fourth coil 164 are in the second magnetically conductive column 141. The magnetic fluxes generated by the columns 142 cancel each other out.

It should be noted that, in Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B, the symbols "○" and "╳" represent the direction of current flowing out and flowing into the drawing, which is common knowledge in the technical field. Fig. 12A, Fig. 12B, Fig. 14A, Fig. 14B, FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are also the same.

When the rotation angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 90°~180°, the magnitude and direction of the current passing through the first coil to the fourth coil 161~164 can refer to FIG. 11, wherein, through the first coil The current direction of 161 is opposite to the current direction of the second coil 162 compared to FIG. 9 , and the current direction of the third coil 163 and the fourth coil 164 are still the same as in FIG. 9 . In this way, with reference to FIG. 12A , the current passing through the second coil 162 and the current passing through the third coil 163 cancel each other out in the magnetic flux generated by the third magnetic conducting column 143 , and the magnetic flux passing through the first coil 161 The current and the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through the fourth coil 164 in the fourth magnetic conductive column 144 cancel each other. Meanwhile, please refer to FIG. 12B, the current through the first coil 161 and the current through the third coil 163 The magnetic flux generated at the first magnetically conductive column 141 has an additive effect, and in the same way, the current through the second coil 162 and the magnetic flux generated at the second magnetically conductive column 142 by the current through the fourth coil 164 There is an additive effect, and the magnetic flux direction flux_2 generated at this time can refer to FIG. 12B .

In summary, by applying the current shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 to the first coil to the fourth coil 161-164, the magnetic flux changes as shown in FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B can drive The rotor 20 rotates.

2. Example 2:

As shown in FIG. 13 , the plurality of coils included in the stator 10 are a first coil 165 and a second coil 166, and the first magnetically conductive post 141 includes a first top post 141A and is combined with the first top post. A first permanent magnet column 141B at the bottom of 141A, the second magnetically conductive column 142 includes a second top column 142A and a second permanent magnet column 142B combined at the bottom of the second top column 142A, the third magnetically conductive column 141 includes a third top post 143A and a third permanent magnet post 143B (see FIG. 14A ) combined at the bottom of the third top post 143A, and the fourth magnetic guide post 144 includes a fourth top post 144A combined with the A fourth permanent magnet post 144B at the bottom of the fourth top post 144A. Wherein, the bonding surfaces of each top post and each permanent magnet can be plane, and can be fixed by bonding with each other through an adhesive.

The first coil 165 is wound around the first pole 141A of the first magnetic pole 141 and the fourth pole 144A of the fourth pole 144, and the second coil 166 is wound around the second pole. The second top post 142A of the magnetic post 142 and the third top post 143A of the third magnetic conductive post 143 . The N pole of the first permanent magnet column 141B is on the top and the S pole is on the bottom, the S pole of the second permanent magnet column 142B is on the top and the N pole is on the bottom, and the N pole of the third permanent magnet column 143B is on the top and the S pole is on the bottom , the S pole of the fourth permanent magnet column 144B is on the top and the N pole is on the bottom.

The specifications of Example 2 are recorded in the following table for reference:

The driving principle of Example 2 can be deduced according to the driving principle of Example 1. The functions of the first permanent magnet column to the fourth permanent magnet column 141B-144B are equivalent to the third coil 163 and the fourth coil 164 of Example 1 acting on the first permanent magnet column. The functions of the first magnetically conductive pillar to the fourth magnetically conductive pillar 141 - 144 , and in the second example, the current pattern passing through the first coil 161 and the second coil 162 can refer to the first example.

In Example 2, when the rotation angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 0°~90°, please refer to FIG. 14A , the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through the second coil 162 in the third prop 143A is the same as The magnetic flux produced by the third permanent magnet column 143B has an additive effect. Similarly, the magnetic flux produced by the current of the first coil 161 at the fourth top column 144A is the same as the magnetic flux produced by the fourth permanent magnet column 144B. There is an additive effect, and the magnetic flux direction flux_1 generated at this time can refer to FIG. 14A; at the same time, as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux generated by the first permanent magnet column 141B cancels each other out, and similarly, the magnetic flux generated by the second top column 142A and the magnetic flux generated by the second permanent magnet column 142B cancel each other out by the current passing through the second coil 162 .

In Example 2, when the rotation angle of the rotor 20 relative to the stator 10 is 90°~180°, please refer to FIG. 15A , the magnetic flux generated by the current passing through the second coil 162 on the third top post 143A is the same as The magnetic flux generated by the third permanent magnet column 143B cancels each other out, and similarly, the magnetic flux generated by the fourth top column 144A and the magnetic flux generated by the fourth permanent magnet column 144B through the current of the first coil 161 cancel each other ; Simultaneously, the magnetic flux produced by the electric current of the first coil 161 at the first top post 141A and the magnetic flux produced by the first permanent magnet post 141B have an additive effect, and the electric current by the second coil 162 is in the magnetic flux produced by the first permanent magnet post 141B. No. The magnetic flux generated by the two top poles 142A and the magnetic flux generated by the second permanent magnet pole 142B have an additive effect, and the magnetic flux direction flux_2 generated at this time can refer to FIG. 15B .

Therefore, by applying current to the first coil to the fourth coil 161-164, the generated magnetic flux change as shown in FIG. 14A, FIG. 14B, FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B can drive the rotor 20 to rotate.

The torque performance of the aforementioned Example 1 can be referred to FIG. 16 , and the torque ripple is about 49.22%. Refer to Figure 17 for the torque performance of Example 2 above, where the torque ripple is about 49.53%.

In summary, the flux switching motor (flux switching motor, FSM) has the characteristics of high torque output and low torque ripple. According to the axial air gap structure of the present invention, the irregular structure of the rotor 20 can indeed improve the performance of the motor. characteristics and improve the situation of torque dead zone, the present invention adopts the axial air gap and has axial magnetic flux, the motor design is especially suitable for the environment with flat shape or limited output shaft direction, and compared with the traditional three-phase motor, the structure of the present invention It is more simplified, uses fewer components, and can reduce the overall size, so it can be easily assembled and reduce costs. In addition, compared with Example 1, Example 2 only needs to apply an AC driving current instead of a DC current, which has the feature of saving energy consumption.

10: Stator

11: Upper positioning piece

12: Lower positioning piece

13: Pivot

130: shaft sleeve

141: The first magnetic guide column

142: The second magnetic column

143: The third magnetic column

144: The fourth magnetic column

161: the first coil

162: second coil

163: The third coil

164: The fourth coil

20: rotor

Claims (10)

An axial flux switching motor comprising: A stator includes an upper positioning piece, a lower positioning piece, a pivot, a first magnetically conductive column, a second magnetically conductive column, a third magnetically conductive column, a fourth magnetically conductive column and a plurality of coils: the first magnetically conductive column A magnetically conductive column to the fourth magnetically conductive column is installed between the upper positioning piece and the lower positioning piece, and the pivot protrudes from the top surface of the upper positioning piece; and a rotor pivoted on the pivot; A central axis passing through the center of the upper positioning piece is defined in the stator, and a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis is defined, and the horizontal reference plane includes a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other; The rotor defines a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis and parallel to the horizontal reference plane, a first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to each other are defined on the horizontal reference plane, and the first reference lines can overlap on the first axis, the second reference line can overlap the second axis; The rotor is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, the shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis, the The first half includes a body and a first sheet and a second sheet respectively extending from the body along two ends of the first reference line, the first sheet and the second sheet are different shape, where: The periphery of the body is a body arc; The periphery of the first sheet body has a first arc extending laterally from the first reference line and a first side extending from the first arc and connecting the arc of the body; The periphery of the second sheet has a second arc side extending laterally from the first reference line, a third arc side extending from the second arc side, and a body arc extending from the third arc side The second side of the edge. The axial flux switching motor as described in claim 1, wherein, the stator defines a circle centered on the central axis on the horizontal reference plane and having a radius from small to large as a first imaginary circle and a second imaginary circle circle, a third imaginary circle, a fourth imaginary circle, a fifth imaginary circle, a sixth imaginary circle and a seventh imaginary circle; the stator also defines an imaginary ellipse centered on the central axis, the imaginary The ellipse has a major axis and a minor axis passing through the central axis and perpendicular to each other; The arc edge of the body is an arc centered on the central axis, and the corresponding radius of the circle is less than or equal to the radius of the second imaginary circle; The first arc side and the second arc side are arcs centered on the central axis, and the corresponding circle radius is less than or equal to the radius of the fifth imaginary circle and greater than the radius of the fourth imaginary circle; the third arc overlaps the circumference of the imaginary ellipse; The length of the major axis of the imaginary ellipse is equal to the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle, and the length of the minor axis of the imaginary ellipse is equal to the diameter of the third imaginary circle; The diameters of the first magnetically permeable pillar to the fourth magnetically permeable pillar are respectively defined as d, the diameter of the first imaginary circle is defined as d1, the diameter of the fourth imaginary circle is defined as d4, and the diameter of the sixth imaginary circle is defined as is d6, the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle is defined as d7; the major axis length of this imaginary ellipse is between d6 and d6+d, the minor axis length of this imaginary ellipse is between d1 and d4, d6=d4+ d, d1=d4-d, d7=d6+d. The axial flux switching motor according to claim 2, wherein, the long axis of the imaginary ellipse and the first axis have a first included angle θ ₁ , 15°≦θ ₁ ≦25°; the first arc side and the first axis There is a first intersection point between the first sides, a second intersection point between the first side and the arc edge of the body, a third intersection point between the arc edge and the second side, and a third intersection point between the arc edge and the second side. There is a fourth intersection point between the second side and the third arc edge, and a fifth intersection point between the third arc edge and the second arc edge; the straight line from the central axis to the first intersection point and the first intersection point The included angle of a reference line is a second included angle θ ₂ , 20°≦θ ₂ ≦25°; the included angle between the straight line from the central axis to the second intersection point and the first reference line is a third included angle θ ₃ , 30° ≦θ ₃ ≦35°; the angle between the straight line from the central axis to the fourth intersection and the second reference line is a fourth angle θ ₄ , 15°≦θ ₄ ≦25°; the central axis to the fifth intersection The included angle between the straight line and the second reference line is a fifth included angle θ ₅ , 78°≦θ ₂ ≦88°. The axial flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of coils included in the stator are a first coil, a second coil, a third coil and a fourth coil ; The first magnetic conduction column to the fourth magnetic conduction column are integrally formed cylinders respectively, the first coil is wound on the first magnetic conduction post and the fourth magnetic conduction post, and the second coil is wound on the first magnetic conduction post Two magnetically permeable pillars and the third magnetically permeable pillar, the third coil is wound on the first magnetically permeable pillar and the third magnetically permeable pillar, the fourth coil is wound on the second magnetically permeable pillar and the fourth magnetically permeable pillar Magnetic column. The axial flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The plurality of coils included in the stator are a first coil and a second coil; The first magnetically conductive column includes a first top column and a first permanent magnet column combined at the bottom of the first top column, the S pole of the first permanent magnet column is on the top and the N pole is on the bottom; The second magnetically conductive column includes a second top column and a second permanent magnet column combined at the bottom of the second top column, the N pole of the second permanent magnet column is on the top and the S pole is on the bottom; The third magnetic pole includes a third top pole and a third permanent magnet pole combined at the bottom of the third top pole, the S pole of the third permanent magnet pole is on the top and the N pole is on the bottom; The fourth magnetic pole includes a fourth top pole and a fourth permanent magnet pole combined at the bottom of the fourth top pole, the N pole of the fourth permanent magnet pole is on the top and the S pole is on the bottom; The first coil is wound on the first pole of the first magnetically permeable pole and the fourth pole of the fourth magnetically permeable pole, and the second coil is wound on the second pole of the second magnetically permeable pole. The top post and the third top post in the third magnetic conductive post. A rotor of an axial flux switching motor, wherein a stator of the axial flux switching motor includes an upper positioning piece, a central axis passing through the center of the upper positioning piece is defined in the stator, and a central axis perpendicular to the central axis is defined. A horizontal reference plane, the horizontal reference plane contains a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other; The rotor defines a horizontal reference plane perpendicular to the central axis and parallel to the horizontal reference plane. A first reference line and a second reference line perpendicular to each other are defined on the horizontal reference plane. The first reference line can be superimposed on the first axis, and the second reference line can be superimposed on the second axis; The rotor is divided into a first half and a second half according to the first reference line, the shape of the second half corresponds to the shape of the first half rotated 180 degrees around the central axis, The first half includes a body and a first sheet and a second sheet respectively extending from the body along the two ends of the first reference line, the first sheet and the second sheet are different shape, where: The periphery of the body is a body arc; The periphery of the first sheet has a first arc extending laterally from the first reference line and a first side extending from the first arc and connecting the arc of the body; The periphery of the second sheet has a second arc side extending laterally from the first reference line, a third arc side extending from the second arc side, and a body arc extending from the third arc side The second side of the edge. The rotor of the axial flux switching motor as described in Claim 6, wherein, the stator defines a circle centered on the central axis on the horizontal reference plane, and the radii are in descending order a first imaginary circle, a first Two imaginary circles, a third imaginary circle, a fourth imaginary circle, a fifth imaginary circle, a sixth imaginary circle and a seventh imaginary circle; the stator also defines an imaginary ellipse centered on the central axis, The imaginary ellipse has a major axis and a minor axis passing through the central axis and perpendicular to each other; The arc edge of the body is an arc centered on the central axis, and the corresponding radius of the circle is less than or equal to the radius of the second imaginary circle; The first arc side and the second arc side are arcs centered on the central axis, and the corresponding circle radius is less than or equal to the radius of the fifth imaginary circle and greater than the radius of the fourth imaginary circle; the third arc overlaps the circumference of the imaginary ellipse; The length of the major axis of the imaginary ellipse is equal to the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle, and the length of the minor axis of the imaginary ellipse is equal to the diameter of the third imaginary circle; The diameters of the first magnetically permeable pillar to the fourth magnetically permeable pillar are respectively defined as d, the diameter of the first imaginary circle is defined as d1, the diameter of the fourth imaginary circle is defined as d4, and the diameter of the sixth imaginary circle is defined as is d6, the diameter of the seventh imaginary circle is defined as d7; the major axis length of this imaginary ellipse is between d6 and d6+d, the minor axis length of this imaginary ellipse is between d1 and d4, d6=d4+ d, d1=d4-d, d7=d6+d. The rotor of an axial flux switching motor as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first side and the second side are straight sides. The rotor of the axial flux switching motor as described in Claim 7, wherein, the first side is a concave arc side, and the radius of an outer imaginary circle corresponding to it is greater than the diameter of each magnetic permeable column, and the outer The center of the imaginary circle is outside the projected range of the rotor; The second side is a convex arc edge, and the radius of an inner imaginary circle corresponding to it is larger than the radius of each magnetic permeable column, and the center of the inner imaginary circle is located within the projected range of the rotor. The rotor of an axial flux switching motor according to claim 7, wherein, the long axis of the imaginary ellipse and the first axis have a first angle θ ₁ , 15°≦θ ₁ ≦25°; the first arc There is a first intersection point between the side and the first side, a second intersection point between the first side and the arc edge of the body, and a third intersection point between the arc edge and the second side , there is a fourth intersection point between the second side and the third arc side, and a fifth intersection point between the third arc side and the second arc side; the straight line from the central axis to the first intersection point and The included angle of the first reference line is a second included angle θ ₂ , 20°≦θ ₂ ≦25°; the included angle between the straight line from the central axis to the second intersection point and the first reference line is a third included angle θ ₃ , 30°≦θ ₃ ≦35°; the angle between the straight line from the central axis to the fourth intersection point and the second reference line is a fourth angle θ ₄ , 15°≦θ ₄ ≦25°; the central axis to the second reference line The included angle between the straight line of five intersections and the second reference line is a fifth included angle θ ₅ , 78°≦θ ₂ ≦88°.

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