TWI815080B - Brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A brushless motor includes a stator group, a rotor and a circuit board. The stator group includes a connecting part, a stator core and a plurality of enameled wires. The stator core has a first end and a second end opposite to each other. The first end is closer to the connecting part than the second end. The stator core has a plurality of wire slots between the first end and the second end. Each enameled wire is wound on each wire slot to form a plurality of stator windings; both ends of each enameled wire It extends from the first end to the direction of the connection part; the rotor corresponds to the stator winding; the circuit board has a board body and a conductor set, the plate body is connected to the connection part of the stator set, and the conductor set is arranged on the board body in a layout manner. The wire set is electrically connected to both ends of each enameled wire, and the stator winding is electrically connected through the wire set to form a connection configuration.

Description

Brushless motor

The present invention relates to motor structures; in particular, it refers to a brushless motor.

With the advancement of science and technology, people's requirements for life have become higher and higher, which has affected the development of electrical appliances, among which motors are the focus of development. In order to improve motors, many high-efficiency and low-loss motors have appeared on the market. Among them, brushless motors are widely used in various electrical appliances because of their high efficiency and low noise. However, today’s electrical appliances, regardless of Both power tools and home appliances are developing toward compact size, which has hindered the development of technology due to the shortcomings of excessive size of existing motors.

A conventional brushless motor includes a stator group and a rotor group. Taking a six-slot brushless motor as an example, the stator group includes a stator core, and the stator core is equipped with six wire slots and three enameled wires. The enameled wires are wound from one end of the stator core to three wire slots, and then from the other end of the stator core to the other three wire slots on the opposite side, thereby forming six stator windings. A rotor of the rotor set penetrates the stator core and is surrounded by the stator windings. By outputting commutation signals to the stator windings, the stator windings generate different magnetic field changes, causing the rotor to rotate under the influence of the magnetic field, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the brushless motor.

However, the winding method of the aforementioned stator winding is that each enameled wire is wound from one wire slot to the opposite wire slot. Each enameled wire will have an enameled wire segment exposed at the other end of the stator core. Three enameled wires will have three exposed enameled wire segments. At the other end of the stator core, this will cause the enameled wire segments at the other end of the stator core to overlap and appear disordered, and the enameled wire segments will overlap. The length occupied by the wire in the axial direction of the stator core increases. On the other hand, the stator windings of different brushless motors require different winding methods according to different enameled wire connection configurations. For example, if you want to connect the stator windings into Y-shaped or △-shaped connection configurations, the enameled wire winding The method of wire trough is also different. The enameled wire needs to be wound on the wire trough in different winding methods according to different connection configurations. For more complex connection configurations, the winding method is also more complicated, which will cause inconvenience in the manufacturing of brushless motors.

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a brushless motor that can shorten the length of the enameled wire in the axial direction of the stator core and simplify the winding method of the stator winding.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a brushless motor, which includes a stator group, a rotor and a circuit board. The stator group includes a connecting part, a stator core and a plurality of enameled wires. The stator core has relative A first end and a second end, the first end is closer to the connecting part than the second end, and the stator core has a plurality of stator cores located in different radial directions between the first end and the second end. Wire troughs, each of the enameled wires is wound around each of the wire troughs to form a plurality of stator windings; each of the enameled wires has two ends, and the two ends of each of the enameled wires extend from the first end toward the connecting portion; the The rotor corresponds to the stator windings; the circuit board has a plate body and a conductor group, the plate body is connected to the connecting portion of the stator group, the conductor group has a plurality of conductors, and the conductors are arranged in a layout. The plate body, and the wire group is electrically connected to both ends of each enameled wire, and the stator windings are electrically connected through the wire group to form a connection configuration.

The effect of the present invention is that the two ends of the enameled wire are directly connected to the circuit board, thereby effectively shortening the length of the enameled wire in the axial direction of the stator core. and is determined by the layout on the circuit board The stator winding configuration effectively simplifies the stator winding winding method, making brushless motor manufacturing easier.

[Invention]

10:Stator group

12:Stator core

12a:Stator winding

122:First end

124:Second end

126:Wire trough

14: Enameled wire

16:First insulation board

16a:Connection part

162:Screw hole

164: Fixed seat

164a: Ontology

164b:Hook

18:Second insulation board

20:Rotor

202:Magnet

204:Shaft

22:Circuit board

24:Plate body

24a: First surface

24b: Second surface

242:Through hole

244: Grooving

244a: First half grooving

244b: Second half grooving

26:Wire set

262:Wire

28:Contact

30:bolt

32:Fan

34:Circuit board

36:Wire set

38: Hall element

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a brushless motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the brushless motor according to the above preferred embodiment.

Figure 3 is a front view of the stator set and rotor set of the above preferred embodiment, in which the enameled wires are omitted.

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1 .

Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4 with the enameled wire hidden.

Figure 6 is a front view of the brushless motor according to the above preferred embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a series-connected Y-shaped connection configuration according to one of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a series delta-shaped connection configuration according to one of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments.

In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the preferred embodiments are described in detail below along with the drawings. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7 , a brushless motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, including a stator assembly 10 , a rotor 20 and a circuit board 22 .

The stator assembly 10 includes a stator core 12, a plurality of enameled wires 14 and a connecting portion 16a. The stator core 12 has an opposite first end 122 and a second end 124, and the stator core 12 is There are a plurality of wire grooves 126 located in different radial directions between the first end 122 and the second end 124 . In this embodiment, the wire grooves 126 are formed by extending radially inward and located on the inside. Each enameled wire 14 is wound around each wire slot 126 to form a plurality of stator windings. 12a. In this embodiment, the enameled wires 14 are wound in the same direction around the wire slots 126 , for example, in a clockwise direction, thereby simplifying the winding process. In other embodiments, it is not excluded that the enameled wires 14 can also be wound in a clockwise direction. Different winding directions are possible. Each enameled wire 14 has two ends, and the two ends of each enameled wire 14 extend from the first end 122 in a direction away from the second end 124 . In other words, each enameled wire 14 is directed to the same side of the stator core 12 qualify.

In this embodiment, the stator assembly 10 further includes two insulating plates, which are later defined as a first insulating plate 16 and a second insulating plate 18 . The first insulating plate 16 is coupled to the first end 122 of the stator core 12 , and the second insulating plate 18 is coupled to the second end 124 of the stator core 12 . The first insulating plate 16 is disposed between the first end 122 of the stator core 12 and the circuit board 22 and has a plurality of screw holes 162. The screw holes 162 constitute the connecting portion 16a. The connecting portion 16a is used for coupling the circuit board. The first end 122 of the stator core 12 is closer to the connecting portion 16 a than the second end 124 . Both ends of each enameled wire 14 extend from the first end 122 toward the connecting portion 16a and beyond the connecting portion 16a.

In addition, the first insulating plate 16 also has a plurality of fixing seats 164 , and the fixing seats 164 are located between the first end 122 of the stator core 12 and the circuit board 22 . Please refer to FIGS. 3 to 5 , each fixed seat 164 is located between two adjacent stator windings 12 a. In this embodiment, each fixed seat 164 has a body part 164a and a hook part 164b. The hook part 164b extends radially outward from the body part 164a and is adjacent to one end of the enameled wire 14 of the two stator windings 12a. The main body portion 164a attached to the fixing base 164 extends to the circuit board 22, and the movement of the enameled wire 14 is restricted by the hook portion 164b, whereby the enameled wire 14 can be fixed to prevent the enameled wire 14 from shaking, thereby increasing the convenience of assembly. In other embodiments, the fixing base 164 may not be provided on the first insulating plate 16 , and the enameled wire 14 may be directly extended from the wire trough 126 to the circuit board 22 .

Referring to FIG. 3 , the rotor 20 is inserted into the stator core 12 and corresponds to the stator windings 12 a and is surrounded by the stator windings 12 a. In this embodiment, the rotor 20 includes a Magnet 202 and a rotating shaft 204, the magnet 202 is surrounded by the stator windings 12a, the two ends of the rotating shaft 204 extend to the outside of the first end 122 and the second end 124 respectively, and the rotating shaft 204 is combined with a fan 32 . In this embodiment, the wire slots 126 of the stator core 12 are located on the inside and surround the rotor 20 . In other embodiments, the wire slots can also be located on the outside, and the rotor is annular and surrounds the wire slots.

The circuit board 22 can be a single-layer or multi-layer printed circuit board. Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7 . The circuit board 22 has a board body 24 and a conductor set 26 . The board body 24 is connected to the connection of the stator set 10 Part 16a. The plate body 24 has a first surface 24a and a second surface 24b opposite to each other. The first surface 24a faces the first insulating plate 16 . In this embodiment, the plate body 24 is fixed to the first insulating plate 16 by locking a plurality of bolts 30 into the screw holes 162 . The wire set 26 has a plurality of conductors 262 , the conductors 262 are arranged on the board body 24 in a layout of a printed circuit board, and the conductor set 26 is electrically connected to both ends of each enameled wire 14 , for example Connect by welding methods such as soldering or spot welding to form a connection configuration. The circuit board 22 further includes three contacts 28 . The three contacts 28 are arranged on the board 24 in a layout manner and are respectively located around the three through holes 242 of the board 24 . The three contacts 28 are electrically connected to the wire group 26. The three contacts 28 are for connecting three-phase wires (U, V, W) to a motor drive circuit board (not shown), wherein the three-phase wires The three through holes 242 are respectively penetrated and electrically connected to the three contacts 28 by welding (such as soldering or spot welding). In addition to the series Y-shaped connection configuration shown in Figure 7, other circuit boards with different layouts can also be provided to form a parallel Y-shaped connection configuration with the stator winding, or as shown in Figure 8 The wire group 36 of the circuit board 34 and the stator winding 12a form a series delta-shaped connection configuration or a parallel connection configuration. The foregoing four connection configurations are only examples, and the layout of the wire group 26 on the circuit board 22 can be designed according to the actual required connection configuration. When the connection configuration is to be changed, the circuit board 22 only needs to be replaced and electrically connected to the stator winding 12a.

The board body 24 of the circuit board 22 has a plurality of slots 244. The slots 244 are recessed from the periphery of the board body 24. The enameled wires 14 of two adjacent stator windings 12a extend to each of the slots. 244 in. The wire set 26 may have two welding points (not shown) around each of the slots 244 for welding the two enameled wires 14 respectively. In the axial direction of the stator assembly 10 , the orthographic projection range of each slot 244 is located between two adjacent stator windings 12 a , and at least a part of each fixed base 164 is located in the projection of each slot 244 . within the range. In more detail, please refer to FIG. 5 , each slot 244 is divided into a first half slot 244 a and a second half slot 244 b, and the hook portion 164 b of each fixing base 164 is located in each slot 244 is within the projection range of the first half slot 244a and is located outside the projection range of the second half slot 244b of each slot 244. In other words, the hook portion 164b of each fixing base 164 is relative to each slot 244 By being biased laterally, there is more space between each hook portion 164b and each slot 244, making it easier for the enameled wire 14 to extend into the slot 244.

The brushless motor of this embodiment may further include a plurality of Hall elements 38 , which are disposed on the first surface 24 a of the body 24 of the circuit board 22 and between the body 24 and the body 24 of the circuit board 22 . between the stator groups 10. By combining the Hall element 38 on the circuit board 22 with the wire set, the brushless motor does not need to be combined with the circuit board having the Hall element, thereby reducing the axial length of the brushless motor. In other embodiments, a plurality of commutation switching elements (not shown) can also be provided on the circuit board 22. Preferably, the commutation switching elements are disposed on the second surface of the board body 24 of the circuit board to facilitate heat dissipation.

Thereby, outputting the commutation signal to the wire group 26 of the circuit board 22 can cause the stator windings 12a to produce different magnetic field changes, causing the rotor 20 to rotate under the influence of the magnetic field, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the brushless motor.

According to the above, the enameled wires 14 of the stator winding 12a of the brushless motor of the present invention are all led out from the same side of the stator core 12, and the stator winding 12a is conductive through the circuit board 22. The wire group 26 is electrically connected into a predetermined connection configuration. Compared with conventional brushless motors, the brushless motor of the present invention can reduce the length of the enameled wire 14 in the axial direction of the stator core 12 and effectively simplify the winding method of the stator winding 12a.

The above are only the best possible embodiments of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by applying the description and patent scope of the present invention should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

10:Stator group

12:Stator core

122:First end

124:Second end

14: Enameled wire

16:First insulation board

164: Fixed seat

18:Second insulation board

20:Rotor

22:Circuit board

24:Plate body

24b: Second surface

30:bolt

32:Fan

Claims (11)

A brushless motor includes: a stator group, including a connecting part, a stator core and a plurality of enameled wires. The stator core has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and the first end is smaller than the second end. The end is close to the connecting part, and the stator core has a plurality of wire slots located in different radial directions between the first end and the second end, and each enameled wire is wound on each of the wire slots to form a plurality of stators. Windings; the enameled wires of each stator winding have two ends, and the two ends of the enameled wires of each stator winding extend from the first end toward the connecting part; a rotor, corresponding to the stator windings; a circuit board, The printed circuit board has a board body and a conductor set. The board body is connected to the connecting part of the stator set. The conductor set has a plurality of conductors. These conductors are laid out on the board body in the layout of the printed circuit board. , and the wire group is electrically connected to both ends of the enameled wires of each of the stator windings, and the stator windings are electrically connected to each other only through the wire group to form a connection configuration. The brushless motor of claim 1, wherein the stator assembly includes a plurality of fixed seats, and the fixed seats are arranged between the first end of the stator core and the circuit board, and each fixed seat is located on two adjacent Between two stator windings, and one end of the enameled wire of two adjacent stator windings is wound around the fixing base and extended to the circuit board. The brushless motor of claim 2, wherein the stator assembly includes an insulating plate disposed between the first end of the stator core and the circuit board, the insulating plate having the connecting portion and the Fixed seat. The brushless motor of claim 2, wherein each fixed seat has a body part and a hook part, the hook part extends radially outward from the body part; one end of the enameled wire of two adjacent stator windings It is tied around the body part of the fixing base and is limited in displacement by the hook part. The brushless motor of claim 4, wherein the circuit board body has a plurality of slots, the slots are recessed from the periphery of the plate body, and the enameled wires of two adjacent stator windings extend to each of the slots; at least a part of each of the fixing seats is located within the projection range of each of the slots. The brushless motor of claim 5, wherein each slot is divided into a first half slot and a second half slot, and the hook portion of each fixed seat is located in the first half of each slot. is within the projection range of the first half of the slot and is outside the projection range of the second half of each of the slots. The brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the board body of the circuit board has a plurality of slots, the slots are recessed from the periphery of the board body, and the enameled wires of two adjacent stator windings extend into the respective slots. The brushless motor of claim 7, wherein the position of the orthographic projection range of each slot is located between two adjacent stator windings. The brushless motor of claim 1, wherein the circuit board includes three contacts, the three contacts are arranged on the board body in a layout manner, and the three contacts are electrically connected to the wire group. The brushless motor according to claim 1 includes a plurality of Hall elements, which are disposed on the body of the circuit board and located between the body of the circuit board and the stator group. The brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the enameled wires are wound in the same direction on each of the wire slots.

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