TWI814600B - Household waste collection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a domestic waste recycling system, and in particular, to a domestic waste recycling system that recycles domestic waste by heating and cracking it to form a mixed gas rich in hydrogen, and generates electricity through a generator set. It mainly uses recycled domestic waste to generate electricity. The garbage is crushed by the crushing device, and then extruded by the granulator to form cylindrical particles with equal volume and density. The feeder controls the timing and quantity to provide timing and quantity into the cracking machine, and is heated in the cracking machine. The temperature is above 900 degrees Celsius for cracking. During the cracking process, steam is injected to crack the cracker to produce a mixed gas rich in hydrogen. The mixed gas undergoes heat exchange through more than one water-cooled condenser to remove the hydrogen content in the mixed gas. The tar and purified gas can be burned by the generator set to generate electricity, thereby achieving an environmentally friendly, energy-saving and zero-pollution domestic waste recycling system.

Description

Domestic waste recycling system

The present invention relates to a domestic waste recycling system, and in particular, to a domestic waste recycling system that recovers domestic waste, heats and cracks it to form a hydrogen-rich mixed gas, and generates electricity through a generator set.

According to statistics, the output of general domestic waste in our country has exceeded 10 million tons. In addition to general household waste and kitchen waste, there are countless waste plastics, waste rubber, oily sludge, mineral waste oil, chemical waste, domestic waste, Organic waste..., and incineration is the main way to deal with waste in Taiwan. However, more than half of the 24 incineration plants in Taiwan are more than 20 years old. In recent years, 14 incineration plants have entered the maintenance period, which makes the general Household waste cannot be disposed of.

In the past, solid waste generated either from people's livelihood or industry had a low comprehensive utilization rate and a very low treatment rate. Most of it was simply piled, and old accumulation can easily cause environmental harm.

The high degree of industrial development in today's society has caused serious global warming and greenhouse effects. Therefore, the world is actively looking for alternative energy sources to replace the burning of traditional fossil fuels in order to achieve the greatest goal of environmental protection and carbon reduction.

The use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source has also become a common way, and hydrogen can also be regarded as a national strategic material. Whoever can obtain a large amount of low-cost hydrogen technology that can be used as energy can develop and prosper in the long term. Furthermore, in coal The hydrocarbon process does not require combustion, so no air pollution is produced, and the hydrogen produced can effectively provide fuel cell power generation. Electric motors can generate electricity, provide gas engines as power, or be refined into other chemicals without causing pollution. Therefore, hydrogen is an important alternative energy source.

For this reason, the inventor of this case is based on his many years of experience in the processing and manufacturing of various household waste, waste plastics and waste rubber. In view of the environmental pollution caused by incineration and burial, and in view of the earnest desire for alternative energy sources, he is actively researching energy conversion. It is hoped that a thermal cracking method can be used to recycle domestic waste and achieve the production and collection of hydrogen. After many samples and changes, the present invention was finally produced.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a domestic waste recycling system for household waste, kitchen waste, waste plastics, waste rubber, oily sludge, mineral waste oil, chemical waste, domestic waste, organic waste, etc. Domestic waste is used as raw material, and a mixed gas rich in hydrogen is produced through thermal cracking. After cooling and filtering, a combustible gas generator can be provided for power generation to generate electricity, thereby achieving environmental protection, energy saving and zero-pollution domestic waste recycling. Systematic.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the operating steps of the present invention are:

1. The recycled domestic waste is transported to the crushing device from the feeding device.

2. The crushing device crushes and pulverizes the recycled domestic waste to reduce the volume of the domestic waste.

3. The crushed domestic waste is extruded by the granulator to form cylindrical particles of equal volume and density.

4. The cylindrical particles are temporarily stored in the storage device.

5. The cylindrical particles in the storage device can be controlled to fall into the partition plate of the feeder regularly and quantitatively. And it can enter the cracking machine regularly and quantitatively.

6. The cracking machine is heated to above 900 degrees Celsius to crack the cylindrical particles. During the cracking process, steam is injected to produce mixed gas through cracking in the cracking machine. The gas is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel, while the waste residue Materials are collected in slag discharge storage barrels.

7. The mixed gas in the mixed gas collection barrel is input into the mixed gas purification barrel. It uses more than one water-cooled condenser to perform heat exchange to remove the tar in the mixed gas. The purified gas can be input into the storage tank. Store in gas barrel.

8. The gas in the gas storage barrel can be burned by the generator set to generate electricity.

1: Feeding device

11: Vibrating feeder

12:First conveyor

2: Crushing device

21: Crusher

211:Inlet port

212: Discharge port

22:Screening machine

23:Second conveyor

24:Pulverizer

25:Third conveyor

3: Granulator

31:Inlet port

4:Storage device

41:The fourth conveyor

5: Thermal cracking device

51:Feeder

511:Partition board

512: Discharge port

52: Cracking machine

521:Inlet port

53: Mixed gas collection bucket

54: Slag discharge storage barrel

6: Gas storage device

61: Mixed gas purification barrel

62:Gas storage barrel

63:Generator set

The first figure is a schematic flowchart of the operation steps of the present invention.

The second figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the three-dimensional combination of the present invention.

The third figure is a schematic three-dimensional appearance diagram of the granulating device of the present invention.

The fourth figure is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the feeder of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the structural content and characteristics of the present invention are described in detail below along with the drawings. It is believed that the content of the present invention and its effects can be further understood.

Please refer to the first to fourth figures. The domestic waste recycling system of the present invention mainly includes: a feeding device 1. The feeding device 1 provides recycling of domestic waste through a vibrating feeder 11. release, vibrate and disperse, and transport domestic waste forward through the first conveyor 12; A crushing device 2. The crushing device 2 provides crushing and pulverization of domestic waste to a predetermined size. It mainly uses an inlet 211 of a crusher 21 for the first conveyor 12 to place the domestic waste into the crusher. 21 The larger domestic waste is broken into smaller volumes, and then the domestic waste is discharged to the screening machine 22 through its discharge port 212. The screening machine 22 can provide magnetic or manual screening to sort the metal types, and then The domestic waste is transported to the crusher 24 by the second conveyor 23, and the domestic waste is crushed to a predetermined volume by the crusher 24, and then transported forward by a third conveyor 25; a granulating device 3, the The granulating device 3 can squeeze the crushed domestic waste into cylindrical particles with a diameter of 6-18mm and a length of 2-10cm. It mainly provides the domestic waste transported by the third conveyor 25 and is input from its inlet 31 , and then through internal extrusion, cylindrical particles with a diameter of 6-18mm and a length of 2-10cm are formed; a storage device 4, which can extrude the granulating device 3 into cylindrical particles for domestic waste collection. , which mainly collects and transports the domestic waste squeezed into cylindrical particles by the granulation device 3 into the storage device 4 through a fourth conveyor 41; a thermal cracking device 5, which is used to transport the storage device 4 The domestic waste in the form of cylindrical particles is thermally cracked, which is mainly transported by a feeder 51. The feeder 51 is provided with partition plates 511 at equal intervals, so that the feeder 51 feeds materials in a certain time and quantity. The discharge port 512 of the machine 51 can provide cylindrical particles of domestic waste to fall into the inlet 521 of the cracking machine 52 and enter the cracking machine 52. The cracking machine 52 uses plasma heating, high frequency heating or electronic heating. Heating to 900-1200 degrees Celsius by heating or other methods to produce a cracking reaction on the domestic waste of cylindrical particles in the cracking machine 52, and injecting steam into the cracking machine 52 to crack the cracking machine 52 to produce a hydrogen-rich mixture gas, and the mixed gas is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel 53, and the waste residue (carbon Black) is collected by the slag discharge storage barrel 54; a gas storage device 6, the gas storage device 6 is used for the purification, storage and power generation of the mixed gas produced by cracking in the cracker 52, wherein the mixed gas is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel 53 is input into the mixed gas purification barrel 61 of the gas storage device 6. The mixed gas purification barrel 61 uses more than one water-cooled condenser to perform heat exchange to remove the tar in the mixed gas. The purified gas can be input It is stored in the gas storage barrel 62, and the gas in the gas storage barrel 62 can be burned by the generator set 63 to generate electricity.

The working steps of the present invention are:

1. The recycled domestic waste is transported to the crushing device from the feeding device.

2. The crushing device crushes and pulverizes the recycled domestic waste to reduce the volume of domestic waste.

3. The crushed domestic waste is extruded by the granulator to form cylindrical particles with equal volume and density.

4. The cylindrical particles are temporarily stored in the storage device.

5. The cylindrical particles in the storage device can be controlled to fall onto the partition plate of the material sorting machine in a controlled manner in a timed and quantitative manner, and can enter the cracking machine in a timed and quantitative manner.

6. The cracking machine is heated to above 900 degrees Celsius to crack the cylindrical particles. During the cracking process, steam is injected to produce mixed gas through cracking in the cracking machine. The gas is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel, while the waste residue is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel. Collected by slag storage barrel.

7. The mixed gas in the mixed gas collection barrel is input into the mixed gas purification barrel. It uses more than one water-cooled condenser to perform heat exchange to remove the tar in the mixed gas. The purified gas can be input into the storage tank. Store in gas barrel.

8. The gas in the gas storage barrel can be burned by the generator set to generate electricity.

In this way, the present invention can achieve the following advantages through the above operation steps:

1. Household waste goes through steps such as recycling, crushing, granulation, and pyrolysis to reduce air pollution caused by toxic gases generated by incineration of household waste, and pollution of the environment and water resources caused by burial or stacking.

2. The cylindrical particles formed by granulation of household waste enter the thermal cracking machine at a temperature above 900 degrees Celsius. After cracking, a mixed gas rich in hydrogen and waste residue (carbon black) are produced. After cooling and purification, the mixed gas can be It becomes clean gas and forms storable energy to provide power generation.

3. Harmful substances such as sulfur and heavy metals in household waste are cracked and produced into waste residue (carbon black), which can be added to building materials or clay and effectively reduce the volume of household waste.

4. The crushed domestic waste is extruded into cylindrical particles with a diameter of 6-18mm and a length of 2-10cm through the granulation device, and then falls into the cracking machine for cracking through the partition plate of the feeder in a controlled timing and quantity. , can provide the working efficiency of cracking machine.

5. Made by anaerobic or anoxic thermal cracking method, the exhaust volume and nitrous oxide are reduced, which is beneficial to reducing secondary pollution of the atmospheric environment.

The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only exemplified by the best embodiments. Persons familiar with the art can implement various modifications. However, such modified implementations should be included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

To sum up, the present invention uses domestic waste as raw material and produces a hydrogen-rich mixed gas through thermal cracking. After cooling and filtering, it can provide a combustible gas generator set for power generation to generate electric energy, thereby achieving environmental protection and Energy saving and zero pollution, whether it is a structural change or an improvement in efficiency, are beyond doubt. Moreover, this invention has not been seen in publications or publicly used before the application. It has indeed met the requirements for patent application and was filed in accordance with the law. Patent application.

1: Feeding device

11: Vibrating feeder

12:First conveyor

2: Crushing device

21: Crusher

211:Inlet port

212: Discharge port

22:Screening machine

23:Second conveyor

24:Pulverizer

25:Third conveyor

3: Granulator

31:Inlet port

4:Storage device

41:The fourth conveyor

5: Thermal cracking device

51:Feeder

52: Cracking machine

521:Inlet port

53: Mixed gas collection bucket

54: Slag discharge storage barrel

6: Gas storage device

61: Mixed gas purification barrel

62:Gas storage barrel

63:Generator set

Claims (10)

A domestic waste recycling system, which mainly includes: a feeding device, which transports domestic waste forward through a first conveyor; a crushing device, which is provided by the first conveyor The transported domestic waste is crushed and pulverized to a predetermined size, and then transported forward by a third conveyor; a granulating device, which squeezes the crushed domestic waste into pieces through the third conveyor. Cylindrical particles; a storage device, which can collect the domestic waste in which the granulating device squeezes the cylindrical particles through a fourth conveyor; a thermal cracking device, which mainly uses a feeding device It is transported by the machine and falls into the inlet of the cracking machine, and can enter the cracking machine. The cracking machine is heated to 900-1200 degrees Celsius to produce a cracking reaction for the domestic waste in the cylindrical particles in the cracking machine, and then Steam is injected into the cracking machine to produce a mixed gas rich in hydrogen through cracking in the cracking machine, and the mixed gas is collected by the mixed gas collection barrel, and the waste residue is collected by the slag discharge storage barrel; a gas storage device, the storage barrel The gas device is used for purification, storage and power generation of the mixed gas produced by cracking in the cracker. The domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the feeding device uses a vibrating feeder to provide placement and vibration dispersion of recycled domestic waste, and transports the domestic waste to the first conveyor through the first conveyor. forward delivery. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application, the crushing device mainly uses an inlet of a crusher for the first conveyor to insert domestic waste, and the crusher crushes the domestic waste to a predetermined size. size small volume. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application, the crushing device mainly uses an inlet of a crusher for the first conveyor to place domestic waste, and the relatively large domestic waste is crushed through the crusher. Crush it to a smaller volume, and then discharge the domestic waste to the screening machine through its outlet. The domestic waste will then be transported to the crusher by the second conveyor. The crusher will crush the domestic waste to a predetermined volume, and then By forward conveying by a third conveyor. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application scope, the granulation device mainly provides the domestic waste transported by the third conveyor to be input from its inlet, and then extruded through the internal extrusion molding device with a diameter of 6-18mm. , cylindrical particles with a length of 2-10cm. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application scope, the thermal cracking device is mainly transported by a feeder. The feeder is equipped with partition plates at equal intervals, so that the feeder can feed materials at a certain time and in a quantitative manner. , the outlet of the feeder can provide cylindrical particles of domestic waste to fall into the inlet of the cracking machine and enter the cracking machine. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in item 1 of the patent application, the inside of the cracking machine is heated by means of plasma heating, high frequency heating or electronic heating. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in Item 1 of the patent application, the mixed gas is input from the mixed gas collection barrel into the mixed gas purification barrel of the gas storage device for purification. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in Item 8 of the patent application, more than one water-cooled condenser is used to perform heat exchange in the mixed gas purification barrel to remove tar in the mixed gas. For example, in the domestic waste recycling system described in Item 8 of the patent application, the purified gas can be input into a gas storage barrel for storage, and the gas in the gas storage barrel can be burned by the generator set to generate electricity.

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