TWI809339B - Connection structure between porous surface structure and substrate, prosthesis, preparation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, a prosthesis, a preparation method and a device. The porous surface structure and the intermediate are pre-connected to form a complex; the intermediate is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate, and the intermediate is in contact with the substrate; the substrate and the complex are placed between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode; One polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or the intermediate body, and the substrate is in conductive contact with the second polarity electrode to form a current loop; the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the complex and the substrate. In the invention, the composite body and the base plate are fastened and connected by resistance welding, and the mechanical properties of the base are maintained; the artificial implant prosthesis can be guaranteed to have excellent bone ingrowth performance, and the strength of the base is not substantially affected.

Description

Connection structure between porous surface structure and substrate, prosthesis, preparation method and device

The invention relates to the connection technology of mechanical structures, in particular to medical devices, and provides a method and device for preparing a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, and a structure based on a porous surface structure. The prosthesis of the connection structure with the base.

Engineering applications often have different requirements on the overall performance and surface performance of mechanical structures. For example, the overall performance (such as fatigue strength) of the acetabular cup and femoral stem of the artificial hip joint must meet the dynamic load that the prosthesis bears when it is implanted in the body for decades, with an average of one million to two million walks per year In addition, there are specific performance requirements for the surface of the prosthesis, so as to meet the firm combination of the surface of the prosthesis and the patient's bone group and ensure that the prosthesis does not loosen; otherwise, the patient will have pain, and the prosthesis must be taken out. The patient undergoes another revision surgery with a new prosthesis implanted. Other orthopedic implants (such as the spine) have similar situations and needs. In fact, in other fields, there are also cases where the substrate and the surface have different performance requirements, and a reliable and effective connection between the two is required.

Commonly used artificial materials for joint prostheses are titanium alloys/cobalt-chromium steel alloys/stainless steel, etc., which cannot form effective biological or chemical bonds with bones. The interface between the prosthesis and bone is generally primarily through physical/mechanical bonding. For example, the highly polished prosthesis surface and bone tissue cannot form an effective bonding force, so it is necessary to increase osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and bone regeneration to accelerate or strengthen the combination of bone tissue and the surface of the prosthesis, and further improve bone growth or The performance of bone ingrowth. Sometimes titanium wire or titanium beads can be used to form a porous coating on the surface of the prosthesis (such as acetabular cup/femoral stem) by sintering or diffusion welding. Or, use metal 3D printing additive manufacturing process, vapor deposition process, etc. to pre-fabricate a thin sheet 0001 with a porous structure, and then use diffusion welding Combine the sheet 0001 with the solid base 0002 of the prosthesis, as shown in Figure 1. These methods provide the prosthesis with a porous surface, the bone tissue in contact with the prosthesis can regenerate, and the new bone tissue fills the interpenetrating porous structure, achieving the effect of "bone growing into" the prosthesis. However, these processes have an unavoidable consequence, that is, the mechanical strength of the substrate will be greatly reduced, thereby increasing the risk of fracture of the prosthesis, especially when the prosthesis (such as the femoral stem) is subjected to bending torque or tensile stress, easy to break. Therefore, how to reliably and firmly combine a porous structure with its substrate while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the substrate are not too significantly affected has become a design/process difficulty.

Relatively speaking, the welding process has less influence on the mechanical properties of the substrate. However, when the porosity of the porous structure is high (>50%), the proportion of interconnected scaffolds is low and weak; a large number of pores are formed between the scaffolds. Whether such a high-porosity structure is realized by metal 3D printing additive manufacturing process or by sintering, when the porous structure and the substrate are directly connected by laser welding, as long as the effective diameter of the laser beam is close to or even larger than that of the stent When the width is wide, the laser energy may directly break the support structure, penetrate the porous structure, and cannot achieve effective welding connection between the porous structure support and the base support. Or, when penetration welding is used to connect the porous structure and the substrate, the strength of the substrate structure will be greatly reduced due to the high temperature and high pressure conditions.

In order to avoid the defects of the above-mentioned laser welding and penetration welding, a kind of resistance heat generated by pressing the two workpieces to be welded between the two electrodes and passing the current through the contact surface and the adjacent area between the two workpieces can be used to make it Resistance welding, which forms an effective bond between metal workpieces, connects porous structures and substrates. However, for high-porosity structures, when resistance welding is used to directly connect the porous structure and the substrate, the bonding efficiency is low at this time, resulting in insufficient welding bonding strength or requiring too high a current to achieve sufficient welding strength, The latter causes the contact between the upper electrode and the upper surface of the porous structure to generate too much heat so that the surface of the porous structure is damaged too much, including the sinking of the pore structure. Therefore, the present invention needs to design an intermediate structure between the porous structure and the substrate to realize the porous structure. The complex formed by the surface structure and the middle floor It is closely combined with the substrate to improve the bonding efficiency between the porous structure and the substrate and to ensure sufficient welding strength.

The object of the present invention is to provide a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, a preparation method and a preparation device thereof, and a prosthesis based on the connection structure between the porous surface structure and a substrate. The porous surface structure, intermediate (solid plate structure or low-porosity porous structure) and substrate are firmly connected by resistance welding (such as projection welding resistance welding or spot welding resistance welding, etc.) to maintain the mechanical properties of the substrate ; Based on the surface of the porous structure of the present invention, it can ensure that the artificial implant prosthesis has excellent bone ingrowth performance, and the strength of the base is not substantially affected.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for connecting a porous surface structure and a substrate, the method comprising: the porous surface structure is pre-connected with an intermediate to form a composite; Between the surface structure and the base, the intermediate body is in contact with the base; the intermediate body and the base are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the base.

Preferably, the substrate and the complex are placed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode; the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or the intermediate body, and the substrate Conducting contact with the second polarity electrode to form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate.

Preferably, the porous surface structure in the complex is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure and the second porous structure The porosity is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure.

Preferably, the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding and/or spot welding resistance welding.

Preferably, when the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or a plurality of segmented electrode monomers, and the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or A plurality of segmented electrode units; when the resistance welding is spot welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode and/or the second polarity electrode is a plurality of segmented electrode units.

Preferably, during spot welding resistance welding, by moving any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, the second polarity electrode, the intermediate body and the base combination that have been welded at least one contact position, so that from The current welding position moves to the next welding position.

Preferably, when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode monomers, the electrode monomers are inserted into the prefabricated gaps in the porous surface structure, and the electrode monomers are close to the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrodes The monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body or the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body through a porous surface structure.

Preferably, the electrode monomer penetrates from the surface of the porous surface structure to the surface of the intermediate body or the interior of the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body.

Preferably, the electrode unit is fitted with the porous surface structure in a lateral clearance, so that the electrode unit does not contact the porous surface structure at all.

Preferably, the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel to another planar electrode and the other planar electrode is connected to the power supply terminal, or the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel and directly connected to the power supply terminal.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode is a flexible electrode, and under the action of pressure, the flexible electrode can be flexibly deformed to match the surface of the porous surface structure, thereby increasing the contact between the flexible electrode and the porous surface structure. The contact area of the surface of the permanent surface structure.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode is a positive electrode, and the second polarity electrode is a negative electrode; or, the first polarity electrode is a negative electrode, and the second polarity electrode is a positive electrode.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode are made of conductive material; the substrate is made of conductive material, the porous surface structure is made of conductive material, and the intermediate is made of conductive material. material.

Preferably, the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure.

Preferably, a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the middle plate structure, and the protruding structures are arranged on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the base touch.

Preferably, the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure comprises a plurality of protruding structures, and the protruding structures are formed on the second porous structure close to the substrate On one side, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the intermediate body includes a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate, and the bumps of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the composite body comprises a plurality of support pillars, all or at least part of each support pillar is located in the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the supporting pillars are arranged correspondingly to and in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body, or the supporting pillars are dislocated and not in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body.

Preferably, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure; or , the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the supporting column on the side away from the base exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, the part of the supporting column exceeding the porous surface structure is cut.

Preferably, when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode units, the support column is located in the prefabricated gap of the porous surface structure, and the support column is provided with a groove for placing the electrode unit , the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the support column; The surface of the support column is higher than or equal to or lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the support column is a porous structure or a solid structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, at least including the first section beyond the porous surface structure and the remaining The second section; the first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface on the side of the second section away from the substrate is flush with the porous surface The surface of the structure is such that the heat generated by the first section part due to contact with the first polarity electrode causes the support column to sink to the surface of the second section part away from the base.

Preferably, when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current loop, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: first polarity electrode, porous surface structure, intermediate.

Preferably, the support column is an insulator.

Preferably, the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position between the porous surface structure and the intermediate body.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material or wire-like conductive material or mesh-like conductive material.

Preferably, at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a solid film-shaped or filamentary or mesh-shaped deformable conductive medium, and the deformable conductive medium is located between the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure. and/or, a solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent is sprayed between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode.

Preferably, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is filled with a conductive medium and passed through a high The temperature melts the conductive medium; the melting point of the conductive medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the substrate is a solid structure, or, the substrate is a third porous structure and the porosity of the third porous structure is smaller than that of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the base is made by forging or casting or machining.

Preferably, the porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body.

Preferably, the porous surface structure and the intermediate body of the composite are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process.

Preferably, the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the support column are integrally formed.

Preferably, the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions; Each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the edge of the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure is in contact with the adjacent any area. The positional relationship of the groove is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the first side of the groove, or straddles the first side of the groove One side and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and to the second side of the groove, or across the second side of the groove and contact at least a part of another adjacent area ; Wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to the arbitrary region, and the second side of the groove is the side away from the arbitrary region.

Preferably, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered simultaneously by two different first polarity electrodes whose covering positions do not overlap; or, the porous surface On the surface of the structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the regions divided by grooves The two adjacent regions are covered by the same first polarity electrode in two successive steps.

Preferably, the groove is strip-shaped.

Preferably, the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode; or, the second polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of regions of the second polarity electrodes, which are respectively matched with each region.

Preferably, the porous surface structure is divided into a plurality of areas, and any two adjacent areas divided are called the porous structure of the first area and the porous structure of the second area; the porous structure of the first area and the corresponding second area An electrode of a first polarity in a region is in contact, and after the resistance welding between the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the contact edge between the porous structure of the first region and the electrode of the first polarity in the first region forms a raised edge; The porous structure in the second region is in contact with a first polarity electrode in the corresponding second region, and a first polarity electrode in the second region covers at least one side of the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region The convex edge of the second region completes the resistance welding of the porous structure of the second region and the substrate.

Preferably, the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode; or, the second polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of regions of the second polarity electrodes, which are respectively matched with each region.

Preferably, the substrate comprises a surface connection layer, the bottom surface connection layer is pre-connected to the main body of the substrate, and the surface connection layer is interposed between the intermediate body of the composite and the main body of the substrate; the surface The connection layer contains raised structures, the bumps of which are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite.

Preferably, the surface connection layer is pre-welded to the main body of the substrate.

Preferably, the side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the protruding structure on the side of the intermediate body close to the base is staggered from the protruding structure of the surface connecting layer .

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a connection structure, the method comprising the following steps: using the method as described above to provide at least two complexes, respectively a first complex and a second complex; the first polarity electrode The first composite body is arranged between the second polarity electrode, A substrate and a second complex; the first complex is placed between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate in the first complex is in contact with the substrate, and the first polarity electrode In conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or intermediate in the first composite body, the second composite body is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate, and the second composite body The intermediate body is in contact with the substrate, and the second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or the intermediate body in the second composite body to form a current loop; the intermediate body of the first composite body performing resistance welding with the substrate, and the intermediate body in the second composite body and the substrate, so as to realize the connection of the composite body with the substrate.

Preferably, the method for obtaining the first complex by the method as described above is called the first method, and the method for obtaining the second complex by the method as described above is called the second method, and the The first method is the same as or different from the second method.

A connection structure of a porous surface structure and a substrate, comprising: a complex, comprising a pre-connected porous surface structure and an intermediate; a substrate, in contact with the intermediate, and the intermediate is located between the porous surface structure and the intermediate between the substrates; the substrate and the complex are placed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode, and are in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or intermediate through the first polarity electrode, and The base is in conductive contact with the second polarity electrode to form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the base are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the complex and the base.

Preferably, the porous surface structure in the complex is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure and the second porous structure The porosity is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure.

Preferably, the substrate, the porous surface structure, and the intermediate body are made of conductive materials.

Preferably, the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure.

Preferably, a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the middle plate structure, and the protruding structures are arranged on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the base touch.

Preferably, the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure comprises a plurality of protruding structures, and the protruding structures are formed on the second porous structure close to the substrate On one side, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the intermediate body includes a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate, and the bumps of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the composite body comprises a plurality of support pillars, all or at least part of each support pillar is located in the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the supporting pillars are arranged correspondingly to and in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body, or the supporting pillars are dislocated and not in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body.

Preferably, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure; or , the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the supporting column on the side away from the base exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, the part of the supporting column exceeding the porous surface structure is cut.

Preferably, the support column is located in the prefabricated void of the porous surface structure, and the support column is provided with a groove for placing a plurality of electrode units in the first polarity electrode, and the inserted electrode unit The body is in conductive contact with the support column; the surface of the support column is higher than or equal to or lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the support column is a porous structure or a solid structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, at least including The first section of the structure and the remaining second section; the first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface on the side of the second section away from the base It is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure, so that the first segment generates heat due to contact with the first polarity electrode, causing the support column to sink to the surface of the second segment that is away from the base.

Preferably, when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current loop, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: first polarity electrode, porous surface structure, intermediate.

Preferably, the support column is an insulator.

Preferably, the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position between the porous surface structure and the intermediate body.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material.

Preferably, at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a solid film-like deformable conductive medium, and the deformable conductive medium is located between the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure; and/or, A solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent is sprayed between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode.

Preferably, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure has a built-in conductive medium and the conductive medium is melted by high temperature; The melting point of the medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the substrate is a solid structure, or, the substrate is a third porous structure and the porosity of the third porous structure is smaller than that of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the substrate is made by forging or casting or machining or powder metallurgy or metal injection molding process.

Preferably, the porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body.

Preferably, the porous surface structure and the intermediate body of the composite are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process.

Preferably, the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the support column are integrally formed.

Preferably, the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions; Each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the edge of the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure is in contact with the adjacent any area. The positional relationship of the groove is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the first side of the groove, or straddles the first side of the groove One side and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and to the second side of the groove, or across the second side of the groove and contact at least a part of another adjacent area ; Wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to the arbitrary region, and the second side of the groove is the side away from the arbitrary region.

Preferably, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered simultaneously by two different first polarity electrodes whose covering positions do not overlap; or, the porous surface On the surface of the structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the regions divided by grooves The two adjacent regions are covered by the same first polarity electrode in two successive steps.

Preferably, the groove is strip-shaped.

Preferably, the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions, and any two adjacent regions divided are called the porous structure of the first region and the porous structure of the second region; The porous structure of the first region is in contact with a first polarity electrode corresponding to the first region, and after the resistance welding between the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the porous structure of the first region is connected to the second electrode of the first region. The contact edge of a polarity electrode forms a convex edge; the porous structure of the second region is in contact with a first polarity electrode of the corresponding second region, and a first polarity electrode of the second region at least covers the porous structure of the first region The convex edge on the side close to the porous structure of the second region completes the resistance welding of the porous structure of the second region and the substrate.

Preferably, the substrate comprises a surface connection layer, the bottom surface connection layer is pre-connected to the main body of the substrate, and the surface connection layer is interposed between the intermediate body of the composite and the main body of the substrate; the surface The connection layer contains raised structures, and the bumps of the raised structures of the surface connection layer are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite.

Preferably, the surface connecting layer of the base is pre-welded to the main body of the base.

Preferably, the side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the protruding structure on the side of the intermediate body close to the base is staggered from the protruding structure of the surface connecting layer .

The present invention also provides a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, comprising two complexes in the connection structure as described above, which are respectively the first complex and the second complex, the first complex, the substrate and the second complex. The two composites are arranged between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode; the first composite is placed between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, and the intermediate in the first composite and the The substrate is in contact, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or intermediate in the first complex, and the second complex is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate Between, the intermediate in the second complex is in contact with the substrate, and the second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or the intermediate in the second complex to form a current loop ; The intermediate body of the first composite body and the substrate, and the intermediate body in the second composite body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate.

Preferably, the first complex and the second complex have the same structure; or, the first complex and the second complex have different structures.

The present invention further provides a preparation device for preparing the connection structure described above, the preparation device includes: a first polarity electrode, which conducts electricity with the porous surface structure in the composite and/or the intermediate in the composite In contact, the porous surface structure and the intermediate body are pre-connected to form the complex; the second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with the substrate, the intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate, and the intermediate body In contact with the substrate, the substrate and the composite body are placed between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the composite body connection to the substrate.

Preferably, the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding and/or spot welding resistance welding.

Preferably, when the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or a plurality of segmented electrode monomers, and the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or A plurality of segmented electrode units; when the resistance welding is spot welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode and/or the second polarity electrode is a plurality of segmented electrode units.

Preferably, during spot welding resistance welding, by moving any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, the second polarity electrode, the combination of the intermediate body and the substrate that have been welded at least one contact position, so that from The current welding position moves to the next welding position.

Preferably, when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode monomers, the electrode monomers are inserted into the prefabricated gaps in the porous surface structure, and the electrode monomers are close to the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrodes The monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body or the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body through a porous surface structure.

Preferably, the electrode monomer penetrates from the surface of the porous surface structure to the surface of the intermediate body or the interior of the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body.

Preferably, the electrode unit is fitted with the porous surface structure in a lateral clearance, so that the electrode unit does not contact the porous surface structure at all.

Preferably, the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel to another planar electrode and the other planar electrode is connected to the power supply terminal, or the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel and directly connected to the power supply terminal.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode is a flexible electrode, and under the action of pressure, the flexible electrode can be flexibly deformed to match the surface of the porous surface structure, thereby increasing the contact between the flexible electrode and the porous surface structure. The contact area of the surface of the permanent surface structure.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode is a positive electrode, and the second polarity electrode is a negative electrode; or, the first polarity electrode is a negative electrode, and the second polarity electrode is a positive electrode.

Preferably, the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode are made of conductive material.

Preferably, the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions; Each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the edge of the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure is in contact with the adjacent any area. The positional relationship of the groove is as follows: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the first side of the groove, or straddles the groove of the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and to the second side of the groove, or across the second side of the groove and into contact with another adjacent area At least a part; wherein, the first side of the groove is a side close to any one of the regions, and the second side of the groove is a side away from any one of the regions.

Preferably, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered by two different first polarity electrodes whose covering positions do not overlap; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure , the two adjacent areas divided by the groove are respectively covered by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, the surface of the porous surface structure On the surface, the two adjacent areas divided by the groove are covered twice by the same first polarity electrode in sequence.

Preferably, the groove is strip-shaped.

Preferably, the porous surface structure is divided into a plurality of areas, and any two adjacent areas divided are called the porous structure of the first area and the porous structure of the second area; the porous structure of the first area and the corresponding second area An electrode of a first polarity in a region is in contact, and after the resistance welding between the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the contact edge between the porous structure of the first region and the electrode of the first polarity in the first region forms a raised edge; The porous structure in the second region is in contact with a first polarity electrode in the corresponding second region, and a first polarity electrode in the second region covers at least one side of the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region The convex edge of the second region completes the resistance welding of the porous structure of the second region and the substrate.

Preferably, the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode; or, the second polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of regions of the second polarity electrodes, which are respectively matched with each region.

A prosthesis, provided with a connection structure, the connection structure includes: a composite body, including a pre-connected porous surface structure and an intermediate body; a substrate, used to form a prosthesis body, at least part of the surface of the prosthesis body serves as a connection region for connection with the complex, the intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate, the intermediate body is connected to the connection region of the prosthesis body, such that the porosity The surface structure is located in the connection area of the prosthesis body; wherein the substrate and the complex are placed between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode, and the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure and/or the intermediate body is in conductive contact, and the substrate is in conductive contact with the second polarity electrode to form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate.

Preferably, the prosthesis is a joint prosthesis.

Preferably, the complex is formed as a shell covering the connecting region of the prosthesis body; the outer layer of the shell comprises a porous surface structure; the inner layer of the shell comprises an intermediate body, which is combined with The connecting regions of the prosthesis body are connected.

Preferably, the shell formed by the composite body is a whole; or, the shell formed by the composite body includes a plurality of shell pieces; wherein, the multiple shell pieces are independent of each other, or adjacent shells The body sheets are connected on at least one adjacent edge.

Preferably, the prosthesis includes a femoral stem of the hip joint, and the femoral stem includes a stem body formed as a base; the position of the connection area is the upper surface of the stem body.

Preferably, the surface of the lower part of the handle body is a smooth surface, a plurality of longitudinal grooves are opened in the lower part of the handle body, and the lower part of the handle body is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur.

Preferably, the femoral stem also includes a head and a neck, and the head, neck and the handle are integral or assembled; the head of the femoral stem is a truncated cone structure, and its second One end is connected to the handle body through the neck, and the head and neck have a certain deflection angle relative to the handle body, and are arranged in the form of an inclination relative to one side of the handle body. The second end of the head of the femoral stem is inserted into the femoral ball head .

Preferably, the composite body is formed such that the shell wraps around the connection area of the handle; the composite body includes a plurality of shell pieces.

Preferably, the prosthesis includes an acetabular cup of the hip joint, and the acetabular cup includes an inner cup body formed as a base; the position of the connection area is the outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup.

Preferably, the prosthesis comprises a tibial plateau comprising a tibial tray formed as a base; the location of the connection region is the surface of the distal end of the tibial tray.

Preferably, the prosthesis includes a femoral condyle, and the femoral condyle includes a condylar internal fixation surface, which is formed as a base; the position of the connection area is the condylar internal fixation surface.

Preferably, the prosthesis is any one or more of the following: patella, spinal fusion cage, spinal facet joint, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint, artificial intervertebral disc, mandibular joint, LOL.

Preferably, the porous surface structure in the complex is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure and the second porous structure The porosity is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure.

Preferably, the base is made of conductive material, the porous surface structure is made of conductive material, and the intermediate body is made of conductive material.

Preferably, the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure.

Preferably, a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the middle plate structure, and the protruding structures are arranged on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the base touch.

Preferably, the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure comprises a plurality of protruding structures, and the protruding structures are formed on the second porous structure close to the substrate On one side, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the intermediate body includes a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate, and the bumps of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate.

Preferably, the composite body comprises a plurality of support pillars, all or at least part of each support pillar is located in the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the supporting pillars are arranged correspondingly to and in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body, or the supporting pillars are dislocated and not in contact with the protruding structures of the intermediate body.

Preferably, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure; or , the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the supporting column on the side away from the base exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, the part of the supporting column exceeding the porous surface structure is cut.

Preferably, the support column is located in the prefabricated void of the porous surface structure, and the support column is provided with a groove for placing a plurality of electrode units in the first polarity electrode, and the inserted electrode unit The body is in conductive contact with the support column; the surface of the support column is higher than or equal to or lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the support column is a porous structure or a solid structure.

Preferably, when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, at least including the first section beyond the porous surface structure and the remaining The second section; the first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface on the side of the second section away from the substrate is flush with the porous surface The surface of the structure is such that the heat generated by the first section part due to contact with the first polarity electrode causes the support column to sink to the surface of the second section part away from the base.

Preferably, when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current loop, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: first polarity electrode, porous surface structure, intermediate.

Preferably, the support column is an insulator.

Preferably, the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position between the porous surface structure and the intermediate body.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials.

Preferably, at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material.

Preferably, at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a solid film-like deformable conductive medium, and the deformable conductive medium is located between the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure; and/or, A solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent is sprayed between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode.

Preferably, the surface of the porous surface structure is sprayed with one or more of the following coatings: osteoconductive coating, osteoinductive coating, antibacterial coating, cell or growth factor carrier.

Preferably, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or, at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure has a built-in conductive medium and the conductive medium is melted by high temperature; The melting point of the medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the substrate is a solid structure, or, the substrate is a third porous structure and the porosity of the third porous structure is smaller than that of the porous surface structure.

Preferably, the substrate is made by forging or casting or machining or powder metallurgy or metal injection molding process.

Preferably, the porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body.

Preferably, the porous surface structure and the intermediate body of the composite are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process.

Preferably, the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the support column are integrally formed.

Preferably, the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions; and the Any region of the porous surface structure corresponds to the edge of the first polarity electrode in contact, and the positional relationship with the groove adjacent to the arbitrary region is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and out of contact with the first side of the groove, or to the first side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove to the groove The second side of the groove, or across the second side of the groove and contact at least a part of another adjacent area; wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to any one area, and the second side of the groove The side is the side away from any one of the regions.

Preferably, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively covered simultaneously by two different first polarity electrodes whose covering positions do not overlap; or, the porous surface On the surface of the structure, two adjacent areas divided by the groove, respectively Covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the adjacent two regions divided by grooves are divided in sequence by the same electrode of the first polarity Cover twice.

Preferably, the groove is strip-shaped.

Preferably, the porous surface structure is divided into a plurality of areas, and any two adjacent areas divided are called the porous structure of the first area and the porous structure of the second area; the porous structure of the first area and the corresponding second area The electrodes of the first polarity in one area are in contact, and after the resistance welding between the porous structure of the first area and the substrate is completed, the contact edge between the porous structure of the first area and the electrode of the first polarity in the first area forms a convex edge; The porous structure in the second region is in contact with the corresponding electrode of the first polarity in the second region, and the electrode of the first polarity in the second region covers at least the convex edge on the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region , completing the resistance welding of the porous structure in the second region and the substrate.

Preferably, the substrate comprises a surface connection layer, the bottom surface connection layer is pre-connected to the main body of the substrate, and the surface connection layer is interposed between the intermediate body of the composite and the main body of the substrate; the surface The connection layer contains raised structures, the bumps of which are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite.

Preferably, the surface connecting layer of the base is pre-welded to the main body of the base.

Preferably, the side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the protruding structure on the side of the intermediate body close to the base is staggered from the protruding structure of the surface connecting layer .

The present invention also provides a prosthesis, which is provided with a base and at least two composites in the connection structure as described above, the base is used to form a prosthesis body, at least part of the surface of the prosthesis body is used as a connection area , used to connect with the composite body, the intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate, the intermediate body is connected to the connection area of the prosthesis body, so that the porous surface structure located in the attachment zone of the prosthetic body domain; the two complexes are respectively the first complex and the second complex, the first complex, the substrate and the second complex are arranged between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode; the first complex is placed Between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate in the first complex is in contact with the substrate, the first polarity electrode is in contact with the porous surface structure in the first complex and / or the intermediate body is in conductive contact, the second composite body is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate body in the second composite body is in contact with the substrate, and the second polarity electrode Conductive contact with the porous surface structure and/or intermediate in the second composite to form a current loop; the intermediate of the first composite and the substrate, and the intermediate in the second composite The intermediate body and the base are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the base.

Preferably, the first complex and the second complex have the same structure; or, the first complex and the second complex have different structures.

Preferably, the prosthesis comprises a femoral stem of the hip joint, the femoral stem comprises a stem, which is formed as a base; the position of the connecting region is the surface of the upper part of the stem; the first complex and the The second composite body is respectively formed such that the shell is wrapped around the connection area of the handle; the first composite body and the second composite body respectively include a plurality of shell pieces.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for preparing a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, a connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, and a connection structure based on a porous surface structure and a substrate The beneficial effect of the prosthesis is:

(1) The present invention exemplarily manufactures a composite body through 3D printing or other processes, including a porous surface structure and a relatively denser intermediate (such as a low-porosity porous structure or solid plate), using resistance welding Method (such as projection welding type resistance welding or spot welding type resistance welding, etc.) to effectively combine the composite body with the substrate, which can avoid the possibility of laser energy directly breaking the support structure in the laser welding method, resulting in the failure of the porous structure. In addition, the projection welding resistance welding method uses the contact resistance to generate a local heat source to achieve welding, which greatly reduces or avoids the hot pressing process (such as the penetration welding process) and other manufacturing processes. The mechanical properties of the substrate are greatly reduced; the present invention can also use projection welding resistance welding and spot welding resistance welding together to enhance the welding strength between the intermediate and the substrate and reduce the surface damage of the porous surface structure.

(2) The present invention can not only use a large plane electrode to stick on the porous surface structure, but also divide the electrode into multiple positive electrode monomers (or negative electrode monomers) and insert them vertically into the porous surface structure In the specially reserved gap, the electrode is not in contact with the surface of the porous surface structure, so as to avoid damage (depression, blackening, reduction of pore space, etc.) between the surface of the porous surface structure and the positive electrode due to resistance heat generated by contact resistance ; In addition, when the large planar electrode attached to the porous surface structure is made of flexible materials, the flexible positive electrode will be deformed to a certain extent so that the contact area between it and the top of the porous surface structure will increase, which will not only reduce the electrode and porosity The contact resistance between the surface structures can reduce the surface damage of the porous surface structure, and can also increase the current conduction to increase the welding strength between the intermediate body and the substrate.

(3) The present invention reduces the contact resistance between the electrode and the porous surface structure by filling the pores of the porous surface structure with a good conductive material or spraying a good conductive material on the surface, thereby reducing the surface damage of the porous surface structure.

(4) The present invention sets a solid structure (high density) support column in the porous surface structure to ensure that the height of the surface of the porous surface structure after the resistance welding is completed can reach a preset height, so as to avoid the porous surface structure being damaged. Excessive compression; when the support column is a good conductive material, most of the current output by the leading electrode flows through the support column to the substrate, which can not only ensure the welding strength between the intermediate body and the substrate, but also reduce the porous surface structure The damage produced on the surface; the present invention utilizes the above-mentioned supporting pillars to combine with the bump structure below, and the bump structure can be in direct contact with the substrate, which can also meet the requirements of the welding strength between the intermediate body and the substrate and reduce the porous surface structure damage to the surface.

(5) The present invention exemplarily manufactures a solid (high density) substrate by processes such as forging, casting or machining, or the substrate can be a porous structure, but the density of the porous surface structure is lower than that of the substrate, and the intermediate The density is between the porous surface structure and the substrate.

(6) The present invention simplifies the processing operation of connecting the porous surface structure with the substrate, reduces the manufacturing cost and saves time.

(7) The present invention utilizes the connection structure of the porous surface structure and the substrate and its preparation method and device to make various artificial implant prostheses, especially orthopedic prostheses, such as femoral stems, acetabular cups, tibial plateaus, Femoral condyles, etc., make the main body of the prosthesis easy to process and have high strength. At the same time, the performance of bone ingrowth is optimized through the porous surface structure effectively combined with it, and the cross-section of the prosthesis (such as the femoral stem) can be minimized.

01: Inner surface

001, 541, 814b, 914b: positive electrode monomer

0001: flakes

02: Rear side surface

0002: Solid base

03: Outer surface

04: Front side surface

1: Prosthesis body

10a,5a: void

10b: Support structure

1011,1111,1211,1311,1311-1,1311-2,1411,1411-1,1411-2,1511,201,21,2501,2601,271,51,601,6001,61,71,811,911: porous surface structure

1012a, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 22, 2202, 2502, 2602, 52, 62, 72, 812, 912a: Non-porous base plates

1013,1113,1213,1313,1413,1513,23,2403,2503,2603,273,283,43,53,603,6003,63,73,813,913: Base

1014a, 1114, 1214, 1314-1, 1314-2, 1414-1, 1414-2, 1514, 2204, 2404, 24, 274, 44, 54, 604, 6004, 814, 914: positive electrode

1015,1115,1215,1315,1415,2205,2405,25,275,285,45,55,605,6005,65,75,815,915: negative electrode

1112a, 1112b, 1112c, 1112d, 12a, 221, 521: raised structures

1116a, 1116b, 1116c, 1116d, 1216, 816a, 816b, 816c, 916a, 916b: support columns

13a, 14a: Groove

15a: Limiter structure

2,2A,4A: Complex

2-1,2-2: shell body

202,22,2402,272,602,6002: intermediates

2201, 2401: porous structure

272A: Structure with bumps

281-1: The first porous surface structure

281-2: Second Porous Surface Structure

282-1: First non-porous base plate

282-2: Second non-porous base plate

3: femoral stem

3-3: Cup body

300-1: tibial support

300-2: support part

300a: Acetabular cup

300b: tibial plateau

300c: femoral condyle

301: head

302: Neck

303: handle body

303a: handle body

41,71: The first porous structure

42,72: Second porous structure

421: bump

606: Deformable and good conductive medium

6006: Good conductive material powder

64,74: flexible positive electrode

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the substrate and the porous surface structure of the prior art; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the porous surface structure and the substrate of the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the porous bottom plate of the first embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the structure; Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate of Example 2 of the present invention (the lower surface of the low-porosity region has no bumps); Figure 4b is the porous surface structure and substrate of Example 2 of the present invention Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the substrate (the lower surface of the low-porosity region has bumps); Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate of the third embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6a is the porous surface structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the surface structure and the substrate; Figure 6b-6c is a schematic diagram of the principle of the related deformation of the connection structure in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Embodiment 5 of the present invention; 8a is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 6 of the present invention; Figure 8b is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 7 of the present invention; A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the surface structure and the substrate; Figure 9a is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 9 of the present invention; Figure 9b is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 10 of the present invention; 10a is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention; Figure 10b is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 12 of the present invention; Figure 11a is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Example 13 of the present invention; Figure 11b-Figure 11d is a schematic diagram of the present invention A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Embodiment 14; FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate in Embodiment 15 of the present invention; FIGS. 13-14 are the schematic diagrams of Embodiment 16 of the present invention Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate; FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate of Embodiment 18 of the present invention; FIG. 16a-16b is the femur of the artificial prosthesis of Embodiment 20 of the present invention Schematic diagram of the handle; Figure 16c is a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 16a of the present invention; Figure 17a-Figure 17e is a schematic diagram of the handle body shell of the artificial prosthesis of the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18a is the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention A schematic diagram of the acetabular cup of the artificial prosthesis; FIG. 18b is a partial schematic diagram of FIG. 18a of the present invention; FIG. 19a is a schematic diagram of the tibial plateau of the artificial prosthesis of Embodiment 22 of the present invention; FIG. Figure 19a is a partial schematic view; Figure 20a is a schematic view of the femoral condyle of the artificial prosthesis of the twenty-third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20b is a partial schematic view of Figure 20a of the present invention; and Figures 21-22 are respectively the embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the porous surface structure and the substrate of the nineteenth improvement.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without making progressive efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention provides a connection structure, which includes a substrate 23 , an intermediate body 22 , and a porous surface structure 21 . Wherein, the porous structure of the porous surface structure 21 includes many struts (or beams) arranged in a staggered manner, and some multi-directional through-through, regular or irregular pores are formed between these struts (or beams). The intermediate body 22 is located between the porous surface structure 21 and the substrate 23 . Preferably, the intermediate body 22 is a non-porous bottom plate, that is, a solid bottom plate. Both the porous surface structure 21 and the intermediate body 22 are made of conductive materials (such as metal materials). The porous surface structure 21 and the intermediate body 22 are integrally formed, for example, through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or a vapor deposition process.

Exemplarily, the base 23 is solid, which is beneficial to the overall strength of the connection structure. The base 23 can be made of conductive material (such as metal material), shaped by forging, casting, etc., and can be subjected to various machining processes.

In this embodiment, the porous surface structure 21 and the intermediate body 22 are pre-connected to form a composite body 2A, and the intermediate body 22 and the substrate 23 are effectively combined by resistance welding, so that the composite body 2A and the substrate 23 are connected. The resistance welding method includes spot welding and/or projection welding and the like. The following embodiments focus on the connection between the intermediate body 22 and the base 23 by a projection welding resistance welding method for illustration.

Specifically, at least a portion of the top of the porous surface structure 21 is in contact with the positive electrode 24. touch. A plurality of protruding structures 221 are prefabricated on the bottom of the intermediate body 22 , the protruding structures 221 are in contact with the top of the substrate 23 , and the bottom of the substrate 23 is in contact with the negative electrode 25 . Wherein, the protruding structure 221 is towards the side of the base 23 raised. Preferably, the manufacturing position of the plurality of protruding structures 221 corresponds to the position where the bottom of the porous surface structure 21 is in contact with the top of the intermediate body 22 and its adjacent area. Wherein, the positive direction of the X-axis shown in FIG. 2 represents the right, the negative direction of the X-axis represents the left, the positive direction of the Y-axis represents the top, and the negative direction of the Y-axis represents the bottom. In order to describe the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the above-mentioned orientation regulations are only for illustration purposes, and do not affect the orientation in actual application.

As a result of the complex 2A formed by the porous surface structure 21 and the intermediate body 22 , the substrate 23 is compressed between the positive electrode 24 and the negative electrode 25 . When the current is applied, the current flows through the porous surface structure 21, the intermediate body 22 until the contact surface and the adjacent area of the top of the raised structure 221 and the base 23, and the resistance heat generated by the contact resistance will connect the raised structure 221 and the base 23. The top is heated to a molten or plastic state, so that the protruding structure 221 of the intermediate body 22 forms a metal bond with the top of the base 23, and finally realizes the solid connection between the intermediate body 22 and the base 23, so that the porous surface structure 21 and the base 23 The composite body 2A formed by the intermediate body 22 is closely combined with the substrate 23 .

Since the bottom of the intermediate body 22 is provided with a plurality of protruding structures 221, so that the protruding structures 221 are in contact with the top surface of the base 23, there is a contact resistance between the two, and the resistance heat is generated due to the current passing through the electrification, and the protruding structures These contact points of 221 and substrate 23 form solder joints. Among them, the contact resistance refers to the resistance generated by the current passing between two independent workpieces. The resistance heat Q is proportional to IR ² , R is the contact resistance, and I is the current passing through the workpiece, that is, the larger the current, the greater the contact resistance. The larger the value of the resistance heat is, the smaller the value of the resistance heat is.

Based on the above, it can be seen that the intermediate body 22 of this example increases its contact resistance with the substrate 23 through a raised structure (such as a bump), and generates sufficient resistance heat, so that the raised structure 221 and the substrate 23 have sufficient welding strength . Preferably, the base 23 is made of titanium alloy.

Preferably, the shape of the protruding structure 221 of the intermediate body 22 can be spherical, arc-shaped, ring-shaped, strip-shaped, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment, nor is it limited in other examples, such as As shown in Figure 3, the intermediate body 22 can have various protrusions or textures to reduce the contact area and increase the contact area. resistance, thereby correspondingly increasing the bonding efficiency between it and the substrate, and improving the welding strength between the intermediate and the substrate.

Exemplarily, the positive electrode 24 and the negative electrode 25 are made of a conductive material (such as a metal material); the top of the negative electrode 25 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 23, and the bottom of the positive electrode 24 is in close contact with the top of the porous surface structure 21, The contact surfaces in contact with each other can be plane, arc or curved surfaces, etc. The present invention does not specifically limit the shape and size of the contact surfaces, which can be designed according to actual application conditions.

Therefore, the present invention is by adding the intermediate body 22 between the porous surface structure 21 and the substrate 23, and utilizes resistance welding method (such as projection welding) to carry out the composite body formed by the intermediate body 22 and the porous surface structure 21 and the substrate 23. Welding can ensure high bonding efficiency (such as 70%~80%) when the porosity of the porous structure is high (>50%).

The positive electrode 24 and the negative electrode 25 in this embodiment can also be interchanged, and this expansion method is also applicable to the subsequent embodiments, which will not be described in detail in the present invention.

Embodiment 2: For the above embodiment 1, the porous surface structure 21 is a structure with a certain porosity, the intermediate body 22 is located between the porous surface structure 21 and the substrate 23 , and the intermediate body 22 is a non-porous bottom plate 22 . In fact, the intermediate body 22 can be the solid plate described in the first embodiment, or the porous structure with low porosity described in the second embodiment.

Therefore, the main difference from Embodiment 1 is that the connection structure of Embodiment 2 includes a first porous structure 41 in a high-porosity region, a second porous structure 42 in a low-porosity region (as an intermediate) and a substrate 43 , as shown in Figure 4a. The second porous structure 42 is located between the first porous structure 41 and the substrate 43 .

Illustratively, the porous structures of the first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42 both contain numerous staggered supports (or beams), and some multidirectional through-throughs with regular shapes are formed between these supports (or beams). or irregular pores. Wherein, the porosity of the first porous structure 41 is marked as a%, and the porosity of the second porous structure 42 is marked as b%, where a%>b%. when b% value When equal to 0, the second porous structure 42 here is the intermediate of the solid structure described in the first embodiment. Therefore, compared with the first porous structure 41 constituting the porous surface structure, when the intermediate adopts the second porous structure 42, the density of the second porous structure 42 is higher, as shown in the second porous structure 42 The supports (beams) in are thicker and/or less porous.

In this embodiment, both the first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42 are made of conductive materials (such as metal materials). The first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42 are integrally formed structures, for example, realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process.

The first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42 are formed into a complex 4A, and the second porous structure 42 and the substrate 43 are effectively bonded by resistance welding, such as a projection welding resist method: the first At least part of the support (or beam) at the bottom of the second porous structure 42 is in contact with the top of the substrate 43, and resistance heat is generated due to contact resistance, thereby heating the contact portion of the two to a melting or plastic state, so that the second porous structure 42 and the top of the substrate 43 are in contact with each other. A metal combination is formed on the top of the base 43 , so that the complex 4A is connected to the base 43 .

At least a portion of the top of the first porous structure 41 is in contact with the positive electrode 44 , at least a portion of the bottom of the second porous structure 42 is in contact with the top of the substrate 43 , and the bottom of the substrate 43 is in contact with the negative electrode 45 . The positive electrode 24 and the negative electrode 25 are made of a metal material. The top of the negative electrode 45 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 43 , and the bottom of the positive electrode 44 is in close contact with the top of the first porous structure 41 .

The main difference from Example 1 is that this Example 2 uses the second porous structure 42 in the low-porosity region to replace the solid-structure intermediate of Example 1. Although the intermediate of Example 2 is a porous structure, it is Because its porosity is low and in a certain range, it can ensure that the second porous structure 42 maintains a certain contact area with the substrate 43, thereby ensuring a certain combination efficiency. In principle, the porosity of the second porous structure 42 The smaller it is, the higher the binding efficiency between the complex 4A and the substrate 43, and vice versa; at the same time, the final binding efficiency is also related to the specific arrangement of the staggered supports (or beams) inside the porous structure, which can be determined according to the actual situation. Application case design.

The lower surface of the above-mentioned second porous structure 42 may also have bumps 421, as shown in FIG. 4b. When the current is applied, the current flows through the first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42, and the contact between the bump 421 of the second porous structure 42 and the top of the substrate 43 generates resistance heat so that the second porous structure The bottom of the structure 42 and the top of the substrate 43 form a metal combination, so that the composite 4A formed by the first porous structure 41 and the second porous structure 42 is tightly bonded to the substrate 43 .

Embodiment 3: For the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the top of the negative electrode 25 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 23, and the bottom of the positive electrode 24 is in close contact with the top of the porous surface structure 21; preferably, the positive electrode 24 and the negative The electrode 25 is a large planar electrode, and the positive electrode 24 covers the top of the porous surface structure 21 , and the negative electrode 25 covers the bottom of the substrate 23 . Since the large-plane positive electrode 24 of Embodiment 1 is pressed on the top of the porous surface structure 21, the large-plane positive electrode 24 is in contact with the surface of the porous surface structure 21 and squeezed, causing damage to the surface of the porous surface structure 21. , such as depression due to being pressed, and blackening, depression, and reduction of pore space due to temperature rise due to contact resistance heat generation.

In order to protect the surface of the porous surface structure, the positive electrode 54 in the third embodiment does not use a large planar electrode to stick on the porous surface structure 51, but divides the positive electrode into a plurality of positive electrode monomers 541 and separates the positive electrode The monomer 541 is inserted into the void 5a in the porous surface structure 51 along the vertical direction, and the positive electrode monomer 541 is placed on the top of the non-porous bottom plate 52 (as an intermediate body), as shown in FIG. 5 . Likewise, the porous surface structure 51 and the non-porous bottom plate 52 in this example are integrally formed structures, for example, realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process. The material and manufacturing process of the substrate 53 , the non-porous bottom plate 52 , and the porous surface structure 51 in this embodiment can be referred to in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, each positive electrode unit 541 is connected in parallel and is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the negative electrode 55 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. As shown in FIG. 5 , the bottom of the non-porous base plate 52 is prefabricated with a plurality of raised structures 521, which are in contact with the top of the substrate 53, and The bottom of the substrate 53 is in contact with the negative electrode 55 . Preferably, the void 5a in the porous surface structure 51 serves as the insertion space for the corresponding positive electrode monomer 541, the void 5a is a prefabricated pore part, and the void 5a starts from the surface of the porous surface structure 51 and passes through the porous The surface structure 51 goes up to the top of the non-porous bottom plate 52 , so that the top of the non-porous bottom plate 52 is exposed in the gap 5 a for the bottom of the inserted positive electrode unit 541 to contact the top of the non-porous bottom plate 52 .

The positive electrode 54 of the third embodiment is not in contact with the surface of the porous surface structure 51 , which solves the problem of damage between the surface of the porous surface structure and the positive electrode due to resistance heat generated by contact resistance.

Exemplarily, the gap 5a is laterally fitted with the positive electrode monomer 541, for example, a clearance fit, that is, the gap 5a needs to be spaced apart from the porous surface structure 51 of the adjacent part after the positive electrode monomer 541 is inserted, so as to avoid this part The surface of the porous surface structure 51 is damaged due to resistance heat, so as to protect the surface of the porous surface structure. Preferably, the positive electrode unit 541 is a columnar structure or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment, nor in other related examples.

Exemplarily, the plurality of protruding structures 521 on the bottom of the non-porous bottom plate 52 correspond to the position of each positive electrode monomer 541, for example, the contact position between the positive electrode monomer 541 and the top of the non-porous bottom plate 52 is at Directly above each raised structure 521 or in the area adjacent to the raised structure 521, to ensure that the current is smoothly conducted to the non-porous bottom plate 52 until the contact surface and the adjacent area between the raised structure 521 and the top of the base 53, Resistance heat is generated to form a combination of the protruding structure 521 and the top of the base 53 . For the shape of the protruding structure 521 in this embodiment, etc., reference may be made to Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

It is worth noting that in the third embodiment, the positive electrode is divided into a plurality of positive electrode monomers and the positive electrode monomers are inserted into the voids in the porous surface structure along the vertical direction. The second embodiment of the pore structure (lower than the porosity of the porous surface structure), that is, the positive electrode 44 in the second embodiment is replaced by a plurality of positive electrode monomers and each positive electrode monomer is vertically inserted into the voids in the porous surface structure 41, at this time, The prefabricated void starts from the surface of the first porous structure, passes through the first porous structure to the top of the second porous structure or inside the second porous structure, so that part of the second porous structure is exposed in the void 5a , the bottom of the inserted positive electrode monomer is in contact with part of the second porous structure. Similarly, the gap is laterally fitted with the positive electrode monomer, such as a gap fit, that is, the gap needs to ensure that after the positive electrode monomer is inserted, It should also be spaced apart from the porous surface structure of the adjacent part to prevent the surface of the porous surface structure of this part from being damaged by resistance heat, so as to protect the surface of the porous surface structure. Other specific structures and processes are the same as those of this embodiment. The three are the same, and will not be repeated here.

Embodiment four: For above-mentioned embodiment one, positive electrode 24 and negative electrode 25 can be made by conductive material (such as metal material); The top of the surface structure 21 is closely attached; the positive electrode 24 and the negative electrode 25 are large planar electrodes, and the positive electrode 24 covers the top of the porous surface structure 21 , and the negative electrode 25 covers the bottom of the substrate 23 .

The main difference from Embodiment 1 is that the positive electrode in Embodiment 4 is a flexible positive electrode 64, as shown in FIG. 6a. In the fourth embodiment, the flexible positive electrode 64 is a large planar electrode and covers the top of the porous surface structure 61, the negative electrode 65 is attached to the bottom of the substrate 63, and the non-porous bottom plate 62 is located on the porous surface structure. 61 and base 63. Exemplarily, the porous surface structure 61 and the non-porous bottom plate 62 are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process. The materials and manufacturing process of the substrate 63 , the non-porous bottom plate 62 , and the porous surface structure 61 in this embodiment can be referred to in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

In the fourth embodiment, since the flexible positive electrode 64 covers the top surface of the porous surface structure 61, a certain pressure is generated on the surface of the porous surface structure 61. At this time, the flexible positive electrode 64 produces a certain flexible deformation under the interaction of pressure. , so that the contact area between it and the top of the porous surface structure 61 increases (compared to the rigid positive electrode and the porous The contact area between the top of the surface structure), not only can reduce the contact resistance between the flexible positive electrode 64 and the porous surface structure 61, but also improve or avoid surface damage (such as depression, blackening, pore space, etc.) caused by resistance heat on the porous surface. reduction, etc.), the surface of the porous surface structure 61 is protected, and the current conduction can be enhanced, the welding bonding efficiency between the non-porous bottom plate 62 and the base 63 is increased, and the welding strength is increased.

Exemplarily, the flexible material is a conductive material, such as copper foil or tin foil, which is not limited in this embodiment or in other related examples, and can be designed according to actual application conditions.

As a modification of Embodiment 4, it is as follows: as shown in FIG. 6b, a deformable and highly conductive medium 606 is added between the bottom of the positive electrode 604 and the top of the porous surface structure 601, and the deformable and highly conductive medium 606 covers the The top surface of the porous surface structure 601 . Preferably, the deformable and good conductive medium 606 is in the form of a continuous solid film, such as copper foil. Likewise, the intermediate body 602 is located between the porous surface structure 601 and the substrate 603 , and the top of the negative electrode 605 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 603 . The positive electrode 604 is a large planar electrode and covers the top surface of the deformable and highly conductive medium 606. Since the deformable and highly conductive medium 606 is easily deformed, the contact area between it and the porous surface structure 601 increases, which not only can Reduce the contact resistance between the porous surface structure 601 and the positive electrode 604 above it, reduce the resistance heat, reduce the surface damage of the porous surface structure 601, and increase the current conduction effect, so that the intermediate body 602 and the substrate 603 Increased welding strength.

According to the above deformation method, it can be further expanded as follows: as shown in Figure 6c, the pores between the bottom of the positive electrode 6004 and the top of the porous surface structure 6001 are filled with good conductive material powder 6006 (or good conductive wire material), which can reduce the contact resistance between the positive electrode 6004 and the surface of the porous surface structure 6001, thereby reducing the surface damage of the porous surface structure 6001, and at the same time, it can also increase the current conduction effect and increase the intermediate body 6002 Solder bonding efficiency with substrate 6003. Preferably, the material of the good conductive material powder 6006 (or the good conductive wire) is the same as that of the porous surface structure 6001, such as titanium powder (or titanium wire). Similarly, as shown in Figure 6c, the intermediate body 6002 is located on the porous surface Between the planar structure 6001 and the substrate 6003, the top of the negative electrode 6005 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 6003. In another different example, by spraying conductive material on the surface of the porous surface structure 6001, the contact resistance between the electrode and the porous surface structure 6001 can also be reduced, and the surface damage of the porous surface structure 6001 can be reduced. The present invention I won't go into details on this.

Regardless of the above-mentioned easily deformable good conductive medium 606, good conductive material powder 6006 (or good conductive wire), sprayed conductive material or liquid conductive agent, etc., all need to be properly removed after the porous surface structure and the substrate are welded and bonded so that Keep the pores of the porous surface structure open.

It is worth noting that after any of the above-mentioned embodiments completes the connection of the porous surface structure to the substrate, a layer of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating can also be sprayed separately on the surface of the porous surface structure, and the HA coating has Good bioactivity and biocompatibility are beneficial to the subsequent bone ingrowth process; alternatively, a coating containing antibacterial silver ions or other cell growth factors can also be sprayed on the surface of the porous surface structure separately .

Based on the above, the present invention also provides a deformation example, which is as follows: In order to avoid or improve the surface damage of the porous surface structure due to resistance heat, it is necessary to improve the electrical conductivity of the porous surface structure as much as possible to reduce the distance between it and the electrode. contact resistance between them. In this modified example, the melt of a specific material (material with better conductivity) is infiltrated into the porous surface structure, and the melt can almost fill the pores in the porous surface structure of the selected part (the upper part of the spacer layer). At this time, it is not only necessary to limit the melting point of the melt with better conductive properties, but also to set a spacer layer in the porous surface structure. The spacer layer is preferably made of a conductive material, so as to prevent the melt from flowing Penetrate down and flow to the intermediate body below, so as to avoid affecting the effect of resistance welding. After the resistance welding process is over, put the combined whole into a high-temperature environment. Since the melting point of the specific conductive medium is lower than that of the porous surface structure and substrate (such as titanium alloy), the high-temperature environment has little effect on the substrate, but low The conductive medium with a melting point is melted, and the added conductive medium with a low melting point is removed through some processes in the prior art.

Embodiment five: For above-mentioned embodiment two, positive electrode 24 and negative electrode 25 are made of conductive material (metal material), and the top of negative electrode 45 is close to the bottom of substrate 43, and the bottom of positive electrode 44 and high porosity The top of the first porous structure 41 of the region is in close contact. The main difference from the second embodiment is that the positive electrode of the fifth embodiment is a flexible positive electrode 74 made of flexible material, not the metal material in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 .

In the fifth embodiment, the flexible positive electrode 74 is a large planar electrode and covers the top of the first porous structure 71 in the high-porosity region, the negative electrode 75 is attached under the bottom of the substrate 73, and the low-porosity region The second porous structure 72 is located between the first porous structure 71 and the substrate 73 in the high-porosity region. Preferably, the first porous structure 71 and the second porous structure 72 are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process. The material and manufacturing process of the substrate 73 , the second porous structure 72 , and the first porous structure 71 in this embodiment can be referred to in the second embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the flexible positive electrode 74 covers the top surface of the first porous structure 71, and generates a certain pressure on the top surface of the first porous structure 71. At this time, the flexible material of the flexible positive electrode 74 will be under mutual pressure. Under the action, a certain flexible deformation is produced, so that the contact area between it and the top of the first porous structure 71 increases (compared with the contact area between the rigid positive electrode and the top of the first porous structure under the same conditions), It can not only reduce the contact resistance between the flexible positive electrode 74 and the porous surface structure 71, improve or avoid surface damage (such as depression, blackening, and reduction of pore space) on the porous surface due to resistance heat, and protect the porous surface structure. 71, and can enhance the current conduction, the welding bonding efficiency between the non-porous bottom plate 72 and the base 73 is increased, and the welding strength is increased.

Exemplarily, the flexible material is a conductive material, such as copper foil or tin foil, which is not limited in this embodiment or in other related examples, and can be designed according to actual application conditions.

Similar to Embodiment 2 (shown in FIG. 4 b ), the lower surface of the second porous structure (low-porosity bottom plate) 72 may have bumps to increase the efficiency of resistance welding.

Embodiment 6: Based on the above Embodiment 1, this Embodiment 6 not only sets a non-porous bottom plate 812 (or a porous structure with low porosity) between the porous surface structure 811 and the substrate 813, but also the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 812 A plurality of protruding structures are prefabricated, and the protruding structures are in contact with the top of the substrate 813, and at the same time, a plurality of support columns 816a are provided on the surface of the non-porous bottom plate 812 close to the porous surface structure 811, as shown in FIG. 8a As shown, the support column 816a is interposed between the non-porous bottom plate 812 and the positive electrode 814. The support column 816a is located inside the porous surface structure 811 , the top of the support column 816a is substantially flush with the top of the porous surface structure 811 , and the height of the support column 816a is substantially equal to the height of the porous surface structure 811 . Similarly, the top of the negative electrode 815 in the sixth embodiment is also in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 813 . Of course, the height direction mentioned here is the orientation shown in the figure, and the above-mentioned orientation regulations are only used to represent the illustration, not necessarily as the orientation in actual application, and the provisions of the subsequent related embodiments are consistent with this.

In this embodiment, the support column 816a is a solid structure with good electrical conductivity. Each supporting column 816a is directly opposite to each corresponding raised structure below it, so that the area covered by the supporting column 816a is at least partially overlapped with the contact portion between the raised structure and the base 813, and the size of the supporting column 816a is the same as that of the raised structure. match.

Preferably, the non-porous bottom plate 812 , the porous surface structure 811 and the support column 816 a are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process.

In this example, although the surface of the porous surface structure 811 is still in partial contact with the positive electrode 814 above it, since the support pillar 816a is a solid structure with good conductivity, and the porous surface structure 811 has pores, the large amount of electrode outflow Part of the current preferentially passes through the solid structure of the good conductive support column 816a, which greatly reduces the surface damage of the porous surface structure 811 due to resistance heat, and can also enhance the current conduction effect, and the welding bonding efficiency between the non-porous bottom plate 812 and the substrate 813 Increase to ensure sufficient welding strength.

Embodiment seven: As a modification of the sixth embodiment, the modification of the seventh embodiment is: in order to completely avoid the contact between the porous surface structure and the positive electrode above it to generate resistance heat and cause damage to the surface of the porous surface structure, as shown in Figure 8b, this Embodiment 7 Set the tops of all the support columns 816b higher than the top surface of the porous surface structure 811, and the height of each support column 816b is higher than the height of the porous surface structure 811 of its corresponding adjacent part. In this case, the positive electrode It will first contact with the support pillar 816b at the higher position, thereby avoiding the contact of the positive electrode with the porous surface structure 811 at the lower position.

Since the height of the support column 816b in this example exceeds the porous surface structure, in order to ensure the basic functions of the entire connection structure, the part of the support column 816b higher than the porous surface structure 811 can be removed by cutting or other processes after welding to ensure flat surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 8b, the positive electrode can not only be the continuous large planar positive electrode shown in FIG. The top of the corresponding support column 816b, and the positive electrode unit 814b are connected in parallel to a large planar electrode or directly connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

Embodiment 8: Based on the above Embodiment 6 and Embodiment 7, this Embodiment 8 is further expanded. The idea of this expansion is: as shown in Figure 8c, the top of each support column 816c is lower than the porous surface structure of the corresponding part On the top surface of 811, the height of the support column 816c is lower than that of the porous surface structure 811, and the support column 816a is hidden inside the porous surface structure 811, that is, the support column 816c is above the porous structure. In this case, the positive electrode 814 will first contact the surface of the porous surface structure 811 below it, so that the top surface of the porous surface structure 811 sinks a little due to the heat generated by the contact resistance until it sinks to the top position of the support column 816c So far (the maximum sinking degree can only sink to the top position of the support column, when the sinking degree is not large, the sinking position is higher than the top position of the support column), because the support column 816c is a solid structure, the support column 816c acts as a limit function, to ensure that the height of the surface of the final porous surface structure 811 reaches the height position where the supporting pillars 816c are located, so as to avoid excessive compression of the porous surface structure 811 . better Alternatively, the top of the support column 816c may also be a recessed structure, so that the top of the support column 816c is lower than the top surface of the corresponding portion of the porous surface structure 811, and the support column 816c can also play a position-limiting role.

Exemplarily, the non-porous bottom plate 812 , the porous surface structure 811 and the supporting pillars 816 c may be integrally formed, for example, through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or a vapor deposition process.

In this embodiment, although the top surface of the porous surface structure 811 is in contact with the upper positive electrode 814, the support column 816c is a solid structure with good conductivity, and because the porous surface structure 811 has pores, most of the current is selectively Flowing through the support column 816c until the protruding structure and the base 813 not only ensures the welding strength between the non-porous bottom plate 812 and the base 813, but also reduces the surface damage of the porous surface structure 811 to a certain extent. In the eighth embodiment, although the surface of the porous surface structure 811 is still damaged to a certain extent, because the top of the support column 816c is always lower than the surface of the porous surface structure 811, it does not affect the basic application of the connection structure to the corresponding field. Function.

Based on the implementation of Fig. 8b and Fig. 8c, in another example (not shown), a set height position is selected on the support column originally higher than the surface of the porous surface structure 811 and the position above is designed as The pore structure is no longer the surface-flush support pillars shown in Fig. 8b. At this time, the positive electrode first contacts with the top pore structure at a higher position, the top pore structure of the support column is pressed and a small amount of subsidence occurs due to the heat generated by the contact resistance, and the support column sinks to the above-mentioned set position of the support column, so that the support column It is basically flush with the porous structure next to it (the maximum sinking degree can only sink to the set position, and when the sinking degree is not large, the sinking position is higher than the set position). In this case, it is possible to completely avoid the contact between the porous surface structure and the positive electrode above it to cause resistance heat to cause damage to its surface, and it does not require additional processing for removing the excess part of the support column that is higher than the porous surface structure. .

Embodiment nine: For the sixth embodiment above, a non-porous bottom plate 812 (or a porous structure with low porosity) is arranged between the porous surface structure 811 and the substrate 813, and a plurality of raised structures are prefabricated on the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 812, The protruding structure is in contact with the top of the base 813, and at the same time, a plurality of solid structure support columns 816a with good conductivity are provided on the surface of the non-porous bottom plate 812 close to the porous surface structure 811. The support columns 816a are interposed between the non-porous between the porous bottom plate 812 and the positive electrode 814 .

The main difference from the sixth embodiment is that the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 912a provided between the porous surface structure 911 and the substrate 913 in the ninth embodiment does not produce the above-mentioned raised structures (such as bumps), and A plurality of good conductive support pillars 916a are also provided on the surface of the non-porous bottom plate 912a near the side of the porous surface structure 911, and the support pillars 916a are interposed between the non-porous bottom plate 912a and the positive electrode 914, as shown in Figure 9a As shown, the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 912a is in almost planar contact with the substrate 913 .

Exemplarily, the support column 916a is located inside the porous surface structure 911, the height of the support column 916a is substantially flush with the top surface of the porous surface structure 911, the height of the support column 916a is substantially equal to the height of the porous surface structure 911, and similarly , the top of the negative electrode 915 is also in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 913 .

Exemplarily, the non-porous bottom plate 912a, the porous surface structure 911 and the support column 916a are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process.

In the ninth embodiment, although the surface of the porous surface structure 911 is still partially in contact with the positive electrode 914 above it, the support column 916a is a solid structure with good conductivity, and the porous surface structure 911 has pores, so the electrode flows out Most of the electric current preferentially passes through the support column 916a of solid structure with good conductivity and passes through the non-porous bottom plate 912a to the base 913. Good conductive columnar support column 916a still has enough current flow and resistance heat to make non-porous The permanent bottom plate 912a and the base 913 have sufficient welding strength, and can also reduce damage to the surface of the porous surface structure 911 to a certain extent.

Embodiment 10: As a modification of Embodiment 9, the idea of the modification of Embodiment 10 is: as shown in FIG. In addition to the characteristics of the porous structure with low porosity), in order to completely avoid the surface damage of the porous surface structure 911 due to the heat generated by the contact resistance, the tops of all the support columns 916b are specially set higher than the top of the porous surface structure. On the surface, the height of each support column 916b is higher than the porous surface structure of its corresponding adjacent part. In this example, the positive electrode will contact the support pillar 916 b disposed at a higher position first, thereby preventing the positive electrode from contacting the porous surface structure 911 at a lower position. In addition, since the height of the support column 916b exceeds the porous surface structure 911, in order to ensure the basic function of the overall connection structure, after the welding is completed, the part of the support column 916b higher than the porous surface structure 911 can be removed by cutting or other processes. Make sure the surface is flat. Further, as shown in FIG. 9b, the positive electrode can not only be the continuous large-planar positive electrode shown in FIG. 9a, but also can be a plurality of segmented positive electrode monomers 914b, and each positive electrode monomer 914b is equalized. At the upper end of the corresponding support column 916b, the positive electrode unit 914b is connected in parallel to a large planar electrode or directly connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

Embodiment 11: Different from Embodiment 1, the positive electrode 1014a in this Embodiment 11 is not pasted on the porous surface structure 1011 with a large planar electrode, but the positive electrode 1014a is divided into multiple positive electrode units 001 And insert the positive electrode monomer 001 into the void 10a in the porous surface structure 1011 along the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 10a, and the positive electrode monomer 001 is placed on the non-porous bottom plate 1012a (or a porous structure) at the top. As an example, a plurality of positive electrode units 001 are connected in parallel and are all connected to a large planar electrode or directly connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the negative electrode 1015 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

Preferably, the porous surface structure 1011 and the non-porous bottom plate 1012a are integrally formed, for example, by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process.

As shown in FIG. 10a, the voids 10a in the porous surface structure 1011 serve as the insertion space for the corresponding positive electrode monomer 001, and the voids 10a are prefabricated pores. In this example, the bottom end of the positive electrode 1014 a is not in contact with the top end of the porous surface structure 1011 , so as to prevent the surface of the porous surface structure 1011 from being damaged by resistance heat. Among them, the gap 10a is laterally matched with the positive electrode monomer 001, for example, it is a gap fit, that is, the gap 10a needs to be separated from the porous surface structure 1011 of the adjacent part after the positive electrode monomer 001 is inserted, so as to avoid the gap of this part. The porous surface structure 1011 is damaged due to resistance heat.

The non-porous base plate in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is provided with a raised structure (such as a bump) to generate larger contact resistance and heat resistance, but this embodiment 11 is different, the non-porous base plate 1012a in this example No protruding structure is provided at the bottom of , but because the positive electrode 1014a itself is in direct contact with the non-porous bottom plate 1012a, and each positive electrode unit 001 is connected to a power source, the current flows directly from the positive electrode unit 001 and passes through the non-porous The bottom plate 1012a and the substrate 1013 (without passing through the porous surface structure 1011 ) can still ensure sufficient current flow and resistance heat, so that the non-porous bottom plate 1012a and the substrate 1013 have sufficient welding strength.

Embodiment 12: As a modification of Embodiment 11, the modification point of Embodiment 12 is that a plurality of solid structures with good electrical conductivity are provided on the top surface of the non-porous bottom plate 1012b (or a porous structure with low porosity) The structure 10b, the supporting structure 10b is placed in the reserved pores inside the porous surface structure 1011, as shown in FIG. 10b. The support structure 10b is respectively used to place and support each positive electrode unit 001 in the positive electrode 1014a. The positive electrode unit 001 is located in the groove opened by the support structure 10b and cooperates with the groove to ensure that all the positive electrodes There is good contact between the cell 001 and the corresponding support structure 10b.

Exemplarily, the non-porous bottom plate 1012b, the porous surface structure 1011 and the support structure 10b are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process.

Preferably, the top of the support structure 10b is substantially flush with the top of the porous surface structure 1011, and the height of the support structure 10b is substantially equal to the height of the porous surface structure 1011; or, the top of the support structure 10b is lower than the porous surface structure 1011 Or, the top of the support structure 10b is higher than the top of the porous surface structure 1011 and by subsequent cutting process, the top of the final support structure 10b is flush with the top of the porous surface structure 1011; choose which height design way, the present invention is not limited to this. Similarly, even though the bottom end of the non-porous bottom plate 1012b is not provided with a raised structure in this example, since the positive electrode 1014a is conductively connected to the non-porous bottom plate 1012b through the support structure 10b of a solid structure with good conductivity, and each The positive electrode monomer 001 is connected to the power supply respectively, and the current flows directly from the positive electrode monomer 001 and passes through the non-porous bottom plate 1012b and the substrate 1013 (without passing through the porous surface structure 1011), that is, sufficient current flow and resistance heat can still be guaranteed , so that the non-porous bottom plate 1012b and the base 1013 have sufficient welding strength.

Embodiment 13: Different from Embodiment 8, there is no non-porous bottom plate between the porous surface structure 1111 and the substrate 1113 in this embodiment 13. The improvement is that: at least part of the porous surface structure 1111 A protruding structure 1112a (such as a bump) with a solid structure of good conductivity is connected to the bottom, and the protruding structure 1112a is in contact with the top of the substrate 1113, as shown in Figure 11a. At the same time, any position in the porous surface structure 1111 can be set The support column 1116a has a solid structure and good electrical conductivity.

In this example, the support columns 1116a and the protruding structures 1112a may be distributed in a misaligned manner, as shown in FIG. 11a.

Exemplarily, the porous surface structure 1111, the protruding structure 1112a, and the support column 1116a are integrally formed structures, for example, realized by a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process.

Preferably, the support column 1116a is hidden inside the porous surface structure 1111 , the top of the support column 1116a is lower than the top of the porous surface structure 1111 , and the bottom of the support column 1116a is higher than the bottom of the porous surface structure 1111 .

In this example, the limiting effect of the supporting pillars 1116a can be used to avoid excessive compression of the porous surface structure 1111, because the positive electrode 1114 will first contact the top surface of the porous surface structure 1111 below it, and then the porous surface structure 1111 The surface sinks slightly due to damage caused by contact resistance heat generation, until it sinks to the top of the support column 1116a (the maximum sinking degree can only sink to the top position, and even when the sinking degree is not large, the sinking position is high at the top position), because the support column 1116a is a solid structure, the support column 1116a acts as a limiter to ensure that the height of the surface of the final porous surface structure 1111 reaches the height position of the support column 1116a; at the same time, the support column 1116a can also be used to The good conductive solid structure of the pillar 1116a makes the current preferably pass through the supporting pillar 1116a, and then pass through the porous surface structure 1111 in the vicinity of the supporting pillar 1116a and then reach the raised structure 1112a, which can improve the surface of the porous surface structure 1111. The problem of damage caused by heat generated by contact resistance; moreover, in this example, the bumps of the raised structure 1112a are further used to increase the contact resistance with the substrate 1113, so as to generate enough resistance heat to make the raised structure 1112a contact with the substrate 1113 There is sufficient welding strength.

Embodiment 14: The above embodiment 13 describes that the support column 1116a and the protruding structure 1112a are dislocated, so as a modification of the embodiment 13, this embodiment 14 combines the protruding structure 1112b and the support column 1116b above it It is designed to be positively matched, and the two are at least partially overlapped (such as partially overlapped or completely overlapped), as shown in Figure 11b.

Exemplarily, the porous surface structure 1111 , the protruding structure 1112 b , and the support pillar 1116 b are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process.

In the fourteenth embodiment, the support column 1116b is hidden inside the porous surface structure 1111, the top of the support column 1116b is lower than the top of the porous surface structure 1111, and the height of the support column 1116b Below the height of the porous surface structure 1111. The protruding structure 1112b is in contact with the top of the substrate 1113 .

In this example, the support pillars 1116b can also be used to avoid excessive compression of the porous surface structure 1111, because the positive electrode 1114 will first contact the surface of the porous surface structure 1111 below it, and then the surface of the porous surface structure 1111 will be generated due to contact resistance. Heat causes damage and causes a small amount of sinking until it sinks to the top of the support column 1116b (the maximum sinking degree can only sink to the top position, even when the sinking degree is not large, the sinking position is higher than the top position), Because the support column 1116b is a solid structure with good electrical conductivity, the support column 1116b acts as a limiter to ensure that the height of the surface of the final porous surface structure 1111 reaches the height of the support column 1116b; at the same time, the support column 1116b can also be used For a solid good conductive structure, most of the current is preferably selected to pass through the supporting pillars 1116b, which can improve the problem of damage to the top surface of the porous surface structure 1111 due to heat generated by contact resistance; moreover, in this example, the raised structure 1112b can also be used to increase The contact resistance of the base 1113 is used to generate sufficient resistance heat so that the protruding structure 1112b and the base 1113 have sufficient welding strength. It is worth noting that the welding efficiency of the fourteenth embodiment is better than that of the thirteenth embodiment, because the raised structure 1112b and the support column 1116b are in direct contact with each other, and the current flows through the support column 1116b and then directly passes through the raised structure 1112b to implement In Example 13, after the current flows through the supporting pillars 1116a, it needs to pass through the pore structure in the porous surface structure 1111 and then flow through the protruding structure 1112a.

As a modification of the fourteenth embodiment, the idea of this modification is to change the height of the support column below the porous surface structure into: the support column 1116c is located inside the porous surface structure 111 and the top of the support column 1116c is basically in line with the porous surface structure. The top of the porous surface structure 1111 is flush, and the height of the support column 1116c is substantially equal to the height of the porous surface structure 1111. At this time, the raised structure 1112c is also facing the support column 1116c above it, and the two are at least partially overlapped (such as partially coincident or completely coincident), as shown in Figure 11c.

Exemplarily, the porous surface structure 1111, the protruding structure 1112c, and the support column 1116c are integrally formed structures, for example, through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or a vapor deposition process, etc. now. For other content in the modified implementation manner, reference may be made to the above-mentioned sixth embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment 14, and details are not repeated here.

Similarly, as another modification of the fourteenth embodiment, the idea of this modification is to change the above-mentioned support column height lower than the porous surface structure to: set the top surfaces of all support columns 1116d higher than the porous surface structure. On the top surface of the porous surface structure 1111, as shown in FIG. 11d, the height of each support column 1116d is higher than that of the corresponding adjacent portion of the porous surface structure 1111. At this time, the protruding structure 1112d is also in direct contact with the support column 1116d above it, and the two are at least partially overlapped (such as partially overlapped or completely overlapped), as shown in FIG. 11d. Exemplarily, the porous surface structure 1111, the protruding structure 1112d, and the support column 1116d are integrally formed structures, such as realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process or vapor deposition process. For other content in this modified implementation manner, reference may be made to the foregoing seventh embodiment and the foregoing fourteenth embodiment, and details are not repeated here.

Embodiment 15: As shown in FIG. 12 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, this Embodiment 15 further sets a plurality of limiting electrodes between the non-porous bottom plate 1212 (or a porous structure with low porosity) and the positive electrode 1214. The supporting column 1216 is used for positioning, and the supporting column 1216 is placed on the surface of the non-porous bottom plate 1212 close to the side of the porous surface structure 1211 . Preferably, the top surface of the support column 1216 is lower than the top surface of the corresponding part of the porous surface structure 1211, the height of the support column 1216 is lower than the height of the porous surface structure 1211, and the support column 1216 is hidden in the porous surface structure 1211. internal. Likewise, a plurality of protruding structures 12 a are prefabricated at the bottom of the non-porous bottom plate 1212 in the fifteenth embodiment, and the protruding structures 12 a are in contact with the top of the substrate 1213 .

In the fifteenth embodiment, the positive electrode 1214 first contacts the surface of the porous surface structure 1211 at a higher position below it, and then the surface of the porous surface structure 1211 sinks due to damage caused by contact resistance heat generation, until the lower surface Sink until the top position of the support column 1216 (the maximum sinking degree can only sink to the top position, even when the sinking degree is not large, the sinking position is higher than the top position), because the support column 1216 is a solid structure, the support column 1216 reaches the limit function, to ensure that the height of the final surface of the porous surface structure 1211 reaches the height position of the support column 1216, so as to avoid excessive compression of the porous surface structure 1211.

For example, the supporting pillars 1216 can be distributed directly opposite to or staggered from the corresponding protruding structures 12a below them; at the same time, whether the material of the supporting pillars 1216 in this embodiment is a conductive material or a non-conductive material is irrelevant to the present invention. As long as the limiting effect of the supporting pillars 1216 can be satisfied in the end, the porous surface structure 1211 can be prevented from being too compressed. Wherein, when the supporting pillar 1216 is a conductive material, most of the current is preferably selected to pass through the supporting pillar 1216, and then pass through the porous surface structure 1211 near the supporting pillar 1216 to reach the corresponding raised structure 12a, which can improve the porous surface structure The surface of 1211 is damaged due to heat generated by contact resistance. When the support pillar 1216 is a non-conductive material, the current flows from the positive electrode 1214 to the porous surface structure 1211 to the protruding structure 12a. Although the above situation of this embodiment still causes damage to the surface of the porous surface structure 1211 to a certain extent, since the support column 1216 is always lower than the surface of the porous surface structure 1211, it will not affect the basic application of the entire connection structure to related fields. Function.

Embodiment 16: The porous surface structure of the present invention is combined with the substrate by resistance welding (such as projection welding). When the area of the workpiece to be welded is too large, more convex structures are required. After the protrusion structure is determined, in order to ensure the welding strength between each protrusion structure and the substrate, it is necessary to increase the total current of the electrode, which may lead to an increase in the cost of power supply equipment, electrode damage, and increased surface damage of the porous surface structure. , at this time, the workpieces to be welded can be welded in different areas and in batches.

In the sixteenth embodiment, the porous surface structure 1311 is divided into regions and subjected to resistance welding with the substrate 1313 in batches. As shown in FIG. 13 , the porous surface structure 1311-1 corresponding to the first region is connected with a A positive electrode 1314-1, and a second positive electrode 1314-2 connected above the porous surface structure 1311-2 corresponding to the second region. The top of the negative electrode 1315 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 1313, and a non-porous bottom plate is set between the porous surface structure 1311 and the substrate 1313 1312 (or a porous structure with low porosity), and the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 1312 is prefabricated with a plurality of raised structures, and the raised structures are in contact with the top of the substrate 1313 .

In this embodiment, the porous surface structure 1311 is welded by subregional resistance, but the positive electrode corresponding to each region may not completely cover the corresponding porous surface structure during subregional welding, for example, any divided adjacent The edges of the adjacent sides of the regions cannot be completely covered. At this time, the positions of the edges of each region may be slightly higher than the other parts covered (that is, convex edges), which will affect the surface flatness of the porous surface structure 1311. It may even affect the basic function of connecting structures applied to related fields (such as bone ingrowth).

In order to overcome the above defects, the porous surface structure 1311 of the sixteenth embodiment is provided with a groove 13a, which divides the top of the porous surface structure 1311 into multiple regions, such as the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first region in the figure and the porous surface structure 1311-2 in the second region. The groove 13a is in the shape of a strip, and the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first region and the porous surface structure 1311-2 in the second region are respectively located on both sides of the strip-shaped groove 13a. The top of the groove 13 a is lower than the top of the porous surface structure 1311 . The height of the groove 13 a is smaller than the height of the porous surface structure 1311 .

Exemplarily, the main body of the non-porous bottom plate 1312, the groove 13a, and the porous surface structure 1311 are integrally formed, for example, through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or a vapor deposition process. The groove 13a may also be formed by machining.

Figure 13 shows that there is a gap between the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2, at this time the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2 can be in sequence, then the figure 13 only represents the location, or the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2 can be pressed on the porous surface structure of the corresponding area at the same time, regardless of the order; and the positive electrodes corresponding to the divided areas The coverage area of each is larger than the surface area of the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the corresponding area.

Since the groove 13a is designed in this embodiment, the side of the groove 13a close to the first positive electrode 1314-1 is marked as the first side, and the other side of the groove 13a close to the second positive electrode 1314-2 is marked as the second side.

In this embodiment, the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first region is first connected to the substrate 1313 by resistance welding: the bottom surface of the first positive electrode 1314-1 covers the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the corresponding region, and the second The portion of a positive electrode 1314-1 beyond the connection area does not exceed the edge of the second side of the groove 13a, and the contact resistance between the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first area is caused by heat generation. Although the surface of the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first region has a small amount of subsidence, no convex edges are formed; then continue to start the resistance welding between the porous surface structure 1311-2 in the second region and the substrate 1313: the second positive electrode 1314 -2 The surface of the porous surface structure 1311-2 covering the corresponding area is in contact, and the part of the second positive electrode 1314-2 beyond the connection area does not exceed the part of the first positive electrode 1314-1 close to the second positive electrode 1314-2 On one edge, the surface of the porous surface structure 1311-2 in the second region sinks slightly due to heat generated by contact resistance between the second positive electrode 1314-2 and the porous surface structure 1311-2 in the second region. No knurling will be formed. When the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2 are in sequence, the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2 may be the same electrode.

Or, the first positive electrode 1314-1 and the second positive electrode 1314-2 are pressed on the porous surface structure 1311 in the corresponding area at the same time, regardless of the sequence, then the porous surface structure 1311-1 in the first area and the second positive electrode 1311-1 At the same time, the porous surface structure 1311-2 of the region completes resistance welding with the substrate 1313, wherein the bottom surface of the first positive electrode 1314-1 covers the porous surface structure 1311-1 of the corresponding region, and the first positive electrode 1314-1 exceeds the connection The portion of the region does not exceed the edge of the second side of the groove 13a; and, the second positive electrode 1314-2 covers the surface contact of the porous surface structure 1311-2 of the corresponding region, and the second positive electrode 1314-2 extends beyond the connection region The portion does not exceed the edge of the first side of the groove 13a.

This method solves the problem of edge convex caused by regional welding. The manufacturing process needs to control the sinking position of the porous surface structure to be higher than the top of the groove 13a.

As a modification of the sixteenth embodiment, it is as follows: as shown in Figure 14, the first positive electrode 1414-1 is connected above the porous surface structure 1411-1 corresponding to the first region, and the porous surface structure 1414-1 corresponding to the second region A second positive electrode 1414-2 is connected above the structure 1411-2. The top of the negative electrode 1415 is in close contact with the bottom of the substrate 1413, a non-porous bottom plate 1412 (or a porous structure with low porosity) is set between the porous surface structure 1411 and the substrate 1413, and the bottom surface of the non-porous bottom plate 1412 is prefabricated A plurality of protruding structures, the protruding structures are in contact with the top of the base 1413 .

The porous surface structure 1411 is provided with a groove 14a, which divides the top of the porous surface structure 1411 into multiple regions, such as the porous surface structure 1411-1 in the first region and the porous surface structure 1411- in the second region in the figure. 2. The groove 14a is strip-shaped, and the porous surface structure 1411-1 in the first region and the porous surface structure 1411-2 in the second region are located on both sides of the strip-shaped groove 14a. The top of the groove 14a is lower than the top of the porous surface structure 1411 . The height of the groove 14a is smaller than the height of the porous surface structure 1411 . Since the groove 14a is designed in this embodiment, the side of the groove 14a close to the first positive electrode 1414-1 is marked as the first side, and the other side of the groove 14a close to the second positive electrode 1414-2 is marked as the second side.

As shown in Figure 14, there is overlap between the first positive electrode 1414-1 and the second positive electrode 1414-2 (the first positive electrode 1414-1 and the second positive electrode 1414-2 are in sequence, Figure 14 only represents position indication).

The first positive electrode 1414-1 is in contact with the porous surface structure 1411-1 of the first region, and the first positive electrode 1414-1 exceeds the part of the groove 14a (that is, the first positive electrode 1414-1 straddles the groove 14a The first side but not beyond the second side of the groove 14a), and further contact with the porous surface structure 1411-2 of the second region of the part, after the welding process is completed, the porous surface structure 1411-2 of the second region There is a small amount of subsidence on the surface and the surface at the edge of the porous surface structure 1411-2 in the second region has an indentation convex edge; then the second positive electrode 1414-2 is in contact with the porous surface structure 1411-2 in the second region, and The second positive electrode 1414-2 spans the rest of the groove 14a or across the entire groove 14a, and the second positive electrode 1414-2 exceeds the above-mentioned indentation bead, ensuring The second positive electrode 1414-2 is pressed to the indentation bead that may be produced by the porous surface structure 1411-2, so that the indentation bead is flattened.

Alternatively, the first positive electrode 1414-1 is in contact with the porous surface structure 1411-1 of the first region, and the first positive electrode 1414-1 does not exceed the first side of the groove 14a. After the welding process is completed, the first region of the The surface of the porous surface structure 1411-1 has a small amount of subsidence and the surface has indentations and convex edges, and then the second positive electrode 1414-2 is in contact with the porous surface structure 1411-2 in the second region, and the second positive electrode 1414- 2 across the entire groove 14a, and the second positive electrode 1414-2 exceeds the indentation convex edge produced on the surface of the porous surface structure 1411-1, ensuring that the second positive electrode 1414-2 is pressed to the porous surface structure 1411-1 The indentation convex edge produced on the surface of the surface makes the indentation convex edge be flattened. The manufacturing process needs to control the sinking position of the porous surface structure 1411 to be higher than or substantially flush with the top of the groove 14a.

Embodiment 17: The same point as Embodiment 16 is that this Embodiment 17 still adopts resistance welding in sub-regions; but the difference from Embodiment 16 is that it also solves the indentation convex edge caused by sub-regional welding For the problem, the porous surface structure of the seventeenth embodiment (not shown) does not adopt the groove design. In this example, when the porous surface structures of two adjacent subregions are resistance welded sequentially, since the coverage area of the first positive electrode is smaller than the area of the corresponding region, the first region after the first subregional resistance welding Bulge appears on the edge (the bulge here is a relative positional relationship of height, which means that the edge part without depression is higher than other parts with depression), at this time, it is necessary to ensure that the second positive electrode for the next resistance welding can Covering the edge part in the first area where the protrusion originally occurred, so that the porous surface structure of the raised edge part will be depressed during the second resistance welding process, thereby avoiding edge indentation caused by regional welding convex edge problem.

Embodiment 18: As shown in FIG. 15 , the top of the non-porous bottom plate 1512 of this embodiment 18 is provided with a limiter structure 15a, and the limiter structure 15a is strip-shaped, which can be used as a benchmark for area division. bits The structures 15a are arranged at the edges of adjacent sides of any two adjacent regions. The top of the spacer structure 15 a is lower than the top of the porous surface structure 1511 , and the height of the spacer structure 15 a is smaller than the height of the porous surface structure 1511 . Exemplarily, the main body of the non-porous bottom plate 1512, the spacer structure 15a, and the porous surface structure 1511 are integrally formed, for example, through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or a vapor deposition process.

The spacer structure 15a in this embodiment is a solid structure or a porous structure with a lower porosity than the porous surface structure 1311-1 and the porous surface structure 1311-2.

The positive electrode in the eighteenth embodiment can be the positive electrode 1514 with a large plane as shown in FIG. 15 and the porous surface structure 1511 covering multiple regions, or it can be the first positive electrode 1314-1 with gaps in FIG. 13 and the second positive electrode 1314-2, or at least partially overlap the first positive electrode 1414-1 and the second positive electrode 1414-2 in FIG. 14 . At this time, after the complex formed by the porous surface structure 1511 and the non-porous bottom plate 1512 is combined with the substrate 1513 by resistance welding, although the surface of the porous surface structure 1511 in each region sinks slightly, no convex edges are formed. And the limit element is implemented by the limit element structure 15a to limit the limit of sinking. This method not only solves the problem of edge protruding caused by regional welding, but also limits the position where the porous surface structure 1511 sinks due to the welding process.

Embodiment 19: It is worth noting that the present invention is not limited to the single use of the projection welding resistance welding method in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the single use of the spot welding resistance welding method or the projection welding resistance welding method can also be used. Used in conjunction with spot welding resistance welding to join intermediates to substrates. Specifically: the spot welding resistance welding method is different from the projection welding resistance welding method by setting a raised structure. In the spot welding resistance welding method, the intermediate body is not provided with a raised structure. In a welding cycle process, The welding of a spot is completed by a single electrode and moving the welded workpiece (such as the composite body and the substrate) or by a single electrode and moving the electrode each time, until the set number of welding spots is completed, ensuring the connection between the intermediate body and the substrate There is sufficient welding strength. In addition, the present invention can also use the projection welding resistance welding method and the spot welding resistance welding method together, for example, in the above After the projection welding resistance welding method in any one of the above embodiments is completed, the spot welding resistance welding method is further used to strengthen the welding strength between the intermediate body and the substrate.

The projection welding resistance welding method of the present invention can simultaneously weld a plurality of welding spots in one welding loop, has high production efficiency, and has no shunt influence; at the same time, because the current density is concentrated on the bumps and the current density is large, it can be used Welding with a small current can reliably form a small nugget, which overcomes the nugget offset phenomenon of the spot welding resistance welding method; the bump position of the projection welding resistance welding method is accurate and the size is consistent, and the The strength is relatively uniform, so for a given welding strength, the size of a single projection welding spot can be smaller than that of spot welding; in addition, due to the use of large flat electrodes and the bumps are set on the intermediate body, the exposed surface of the substrate can be minimized At the same time, the current density of the large flat electrode is small, the heat dissipation is good, and the wear of the electrode is much smaller than that of the spot welding type, thus greatly reducing the maintenance and repair costs of the electrode.

For the projection welding resistance welding process in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, since the protrusion in the middle part of the protrusion structure is mainly pressed by the upper electrode and is combined with the base through contact to generate resistance heat, while the side of the protrusion structure The edge portion is not in sufficient contact with the substrate to prevent a solder joint. In order to improve the welding strength between the protruding structure of the intermediate body and the base, the intermediate body is divided into multiple times and welded from multiple directions by rotating any one or more of the electrode, base, and intermediate body to ensure the protruding structure Weld with the substrate in all directions.

In addition, as an extension of the above-mentioned embodiment, it specifically includes: since the porous surface structure 21 of some of the above-mentioned embodiments is in contact with the large-plane positive electrode 24 above it, the surface of the porous surface structure may generate heat due to contact resistance Cause surface damage (depression, blackening), in order to overcome this defect, protect the surface of the porous surface structure, by covering an insulating part on the porous surface structure, and opening a plurality of holes in the corresponding position on the insulating part, use The positive electrode or a good conductive support column can be put in, so that the porous surface structure under the insulating part at the unopened position will not be damaged in any way. Wherein, the thickness of the insulating member is moderate, because it is necessary to ensure complete current loop conduction, so that the welding process can be performed sequentially.

As shown in Figure 21, the following improvements can also be made based on Embodiment 1/Embodiment 2: the present invention converts the non-porous bottom plate (Fig. 2) or the convexity of the low-porosity area (Fig. Point removal transforms to a non-protruded structure (non-porous or low porosity) intermediate plate structure 272 and changes the substrate 273 to a substrate of the main body of the substrate 273 and another raised structure 272A on its top surface Composite body, the structure with bumps 272A is pre-connected (such as resistance welding/laser welding) to the main body of the substrate 273, and the raised structure of the structure with bumps 272A is facing the middle plate without bumps One side of the 272 structure, ie the bumps of the bumped structure 272A, is in contact with the bottom surface of the structure of the intermediate plate 272 in the composite.

The surface complex formed by the structure of the porous surface structure 271 and the middle plate 272, and the base complex formed by the structure 272A with bumps and the main body of the substrate 273 are pressed against the positive electrode 274 and the negative electrode 275 between. When the current is applied, the current flows through the structure of the porous surface structure 271 and the middle plate 272 until the bumps of the structure 272A with bumps, and the contact resistance generates resistance heat so that the bumps of the structure 272A with bumps Points and the bottom of the structure of the intermediate plate 272 are heated to a molten or plastic state, eventually achieving a solid connection between the structure of the intermediate plate 272 and the structure with bumps 272A, thereby making the surface composite body and the substrate The complexes are tightly bound together. In another example, the surface composite still adopts the structure of the middle plate 272 with bumps in Embodiments 1 and 2, and the raised structure faces the main body side of the base 273, and the raised structure of the middle plate 272 The staggered arrangement of the structures and the protruding structures of the structure with protruding points 272A above the substrate can finally realize the close integration of the surface composite and the substrate composite. The above-mentioned improvement of the present invention is not limited to the basis of the first embodiment, but can also be applicable to any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present invention will not describe it in detail.

As shown in Figure 22, the following implementations can also be adopted based on Embodiment 1: First, the same as Embodiment 1, a first porous surface structure 281-1 and a first non-porous bottom plate are arranged on the top side of the substrate 283 282-1 is pre-connected to form the first composite body, the first composite body is placed between the positive electrode 24 and the top surface of the substrate 283, and at least a part of the top of the first porous surface structure 281-1 is connected to the positive electrode 24 contact; the bottom of the first non-porous base plate 282-1 is prefabricated A plurality of first protruding structures, the first protruding structures are in contact with the top of the base 283 . At the same time, the bottom side of the base 283 is provided with a second composite body formed by pre-connecting the second porous surface structure 281-2 and the second non-porous bottom plate 282-2, and the second composite body is placed on the bottom surface of the base 283 and the second composite body. Between the negative electrodes 285 , and at least a part of the bottom of the second porous surface structure 281 - 2 is in contact with the negative electrode 285 . Wherein, the second complex has the same structure as the first complex, and is axisymmetric with respect to the base 283 . According to the principle of Embodiment 1, the first composite body and the second composite body are respectively resistance-welded to the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 283 to realize the connection of the first composite body, the second composite body, and the substrate. This modification is also applicable to any one of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail in the present invention.

Embodiment 20: As shown in the combination of Figure 16a-Figure 16c, this embodiment provides an artificially implanted prosthesis, preferably an orthopedic prosthesis; the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 19 and their respective deformations can be used Any one or more connection structures and methods in the example. The prosthesis body corresponds to the substrate in the connection structure, and at least part of the surface of the prosthesis body is used as a connection area to connect with the composite body 2 comprising the intermediate body and the porous surface structure, through the intermediate body (such as the non-porous material in Example 1) The connection (projection welding type resistance welding and/or spot welding) to achieve the connection of the porous surface structure to the substrate, forming a surface coverage of the connection area on the prosthesis.

Combining the structures and methods of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 19 or their modified examples, a prosthesis shell is set, the outer layer is a porous surface structure, and the inner layer is a connection area where the intermediate body contacts and is fixed to the prosthesis body by resistance welding, Realize the connection between the porous surface structure and the prosthesis body, forming a surface coverage of the connection area on the prosthesis body, so that it can be used in other types of orthopedic prosthesis, artificial joints and other artificial implants, such as femoral stem, acetabulum For the cup, femoral condyle, tibial plateau, etc., refer to the description of subsequent embodiments 20 to 23 for details.

Take the artificial hip joint as an example. The artificial hip joint includes a femoral stem, a femoral ball head (not shown), an acetabular cup, and a liner (not shown), all of which are prostheses made of medical materials that can be implanted into the human body, such as titanium Metal materials such as alloys, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys, stainless steel, polymers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, ceramics, etc., and are not limited thereto.

The femoral stem 3 ( FIGS. 16 a - 16 c ) includes a head 301 , a neck 302 , and a stem body 303 , which can be formed integrally or assembled. The head 301 of the femoral stem 3 is a truncated cone structure, and the first end is connected to the handle body 303 through the neck 302. The head 301 and the neck 302 have a certain deflection angle relative to the handle, so as to be inclined relative to one side of the handle. Form arrangement. The lower part of the handle body 303 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur. A plurality of longitudinal grooves may be opened in the lower part of the handle body 303 . On the surface of the handle body 303, preferably, the upper part of the handle body 303 has a porous structure; the lower part of the handle body 303 may have a smooth surface.

The second end of the head 301 of the femoral stem 3 is inserted into the inner cone installation structure of the femoral ball; The head can be rotated here. The acetabular cup in some examples is partially spherical (eg, hemispherical) dome-shaped; the acetabular cup is provided with a liner that fits therein; Spin here. The acetabular cup can be provided with a through hole for setting the connecting piece (screw, etc.) connecting the acetabular cup to the acetabular fossa; the liner can be provided with a corresponding through hole or not provided with a through hole. The inner concave surface of the liner is in contact with the femoral ball head; the liner can be made of metal material or non-metal material (such as polyethylene or ceramics, etc.), so as to reduce the wear and tear of the artificial joint. The housing is usually made of metal material. The outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup preferably uses a porous structure.

The upper surface of the handle body 303 of the femoral stem 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup shell use a porous structure, which can increase the roughness on the one hand; It is fixedly connected with the femur, the acetabular cup and the acetabular fossa to form a good long-term biological fixation and enhance the stability of the interface between the artificial hip joint and the host bone tissue.

In order to accelerate or strengthen the combination of bone tissue and the surface of the porous prosthesis, any prosthesis (also applicable to the artificial joints of the subsequent embodiments) can form a coating such as hydroxyapatite (HA) on the surface that contacts the bone tissue Or, use materials such as gel/collagen as carriers for implanting cells, growth factors, etc., and attach to the porous surface of the prosthesis; or form an antibacterial coating (such as antibiotics/silver ions, etc.).

The femoral stem 3 can use the structure and method (resistance welding) of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 to embodiment 19 or their modified examples, which will not be repeated here, and details can be referred to the contents of the above-mentioned corresponding embodiments. Wherein, the handle body 303 of the femoral stem 3 corresponds to the base in the connecting structure; it includes an intermediate body (such as a non-porous bottom plate, or a porous structure in a low-porosity region, etc., which needs to be determined according to different embodiments) and porous The composite body 2 of the porous surface structure forms the handle body shell, which covers the connection area of the handle body main body 303a (upper part), through the welding of the intermediate body and the substrate, the connection of the porous surface structure 201 and the substrate is realized, forming a connection area Covering, obtain the porous structure on the stem body 303 of the femoral stem 3.

In some examples, the handle body 303a is made by forging, casting or machining, and is preferably a solid structure, which is easy to process and has high strength; or the handle body 303a can also be a high-density porous structure; The body can be solid, or a porous structure with a higher density than the porous surface structure; when both the handle body body 303a and the intermediate body 202 use a porous structure, the density of the intermediate body 202 is between the handle body body 303a and the intermediate body 202. The density of the porous surface structure 201 is between. The composite body 2 forms the intermediate body 202 and the porous surface structure 201 of the handle body, preferably using 3D printing additive manufacturing process, which can well form pores that meet the design requirements. The handle main body 303a and the composite body 2 form the intermediate body 202 of the handle body shell to realize effective connection through resistance welding, which avoids the overall process of connecting the porous structure on the surface of the femoral stem 3 through a hot pressing process (such as a penetration welding process) etc. A problem with a sharp drop in intensity.

In another example, as shown in FIG. 16c, it corresponds to FIG. 2 in the first embodiment above. The inner handle 303 corresponds to the base in the connection structure, the outer porous structure 2201 corresponds to the porous surface structure of the connection structure, and an intermediate (non-porous bottom plate) is arranged between the porous structure 2201 and the handle 303 2202). Due to the complex formed by the porous structure 2201 and the non-porous bottom plate 2202 , and the handle 303 is compressed between the positive electrode 2204 and the negative electrode 2205 . When the current is applied, the current flows through the porous structure 2201, the non-porous bottom plate 2202 until the contact surface with the outside of the handle body 303 and the adjacent area, generating resistance heat and heating it to a molten or plastic state, making the non-porous bottom plate 2202 Form a combined body with the handle body 303 to realize the fixing effect between the non-porous bottom plate 2202 and the handle body 303 , so that the complex formed by the porous structure 2201 and the non-porous bottom plate 2202 and the handle body 303 are closely combined. Other content applicable to the first embodiment of the femoral stem will not be repeated here.

In a specific example, the upper part of the stem body 303a of the femoral stem 3 is provided with a connection area; for the convenience of description, the side where the head 301 and the neck 302 of the femoral stem 3 are obliquely arranged is the inner side of the femoral stem 3, according to Figure 16a In the counterclockwise direction shown, the other directions of the handle body 303a are taken as the rear side, the outer side to the front side, the inner side is opposite to the outer side, and the rear side is opposite to the front side; FIG. 16a shows the front side, and FIG. 16b shows the outer side.

In this example, the connection area of the femoral stem 3 includes the inner, posterior, lateral, and anterior surfaces of the upper part of the stem body 303a. As shown in combination of Figures 17a-17e, the handle body shell (formed by a composite body) 2 includes two shell pieces, and one shell piece 2-1 corresponds to a part of the inner surface 01 of the upper part of the handle main body 303a, A part of the rear side surface 02 and the outer side surface 03; the other shell body 2-2 corresponds to the remaining part of the upper inner side surface 01, the front side surface 04, and the remaining part of the outer side surface 03 of the handle body 303a. After the two shell pieces are closed, they are respectively contacted and welded to the corresponding positions of the connection area on the upper part of the handle main body. The inner layer of each casing sheet is an intermediate body 202 , and all or most of the outer layer is a porous surface structure 201 .

As shown in Fig. 17d and Fig. 17e, the two shell pieces may be symmetrical (or dislocated and intersected, not shown in the figure). For example, after the two shell pieces are formed and folded together, the adjacent sides can be separated from each other without being connected. Alternatively, the adjacent edges (such as the outer surface 03) on one side of the two shell sheets can be connected when they are molded, and they can still be kept when there is a certain bending near the adjacent edges (to make the two shell sheets close together). connect. Alternatively, two shell pieces are forming When the adjacent sides are separated from each other, the adjacent sides on each side are connected (such as welding or using connectors or other connection methods) after closing. The adjacent edge refers to the adjacent edge after the two casing sheets are closed. The interconnection of adjacent sides may be the connection between the intermediate body of the inner layer of each shell sheet and/or the porous surface structure of the outer layer.

Embodiment 21: In this embodiment, the porous structure of the outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup 300a can be realized by similarly using the structures and methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 19 or their modified examples.

In one example, in a specific example, as shown in combination of Figure 18a and Figure 18b, corresponding to Figure 2 in the first embodiment above, at the shell of the acetabular cup 300a, the inner cup body corresponds to the connection structure The outer porous structure 2401 corresponds to the porous surface structure of the connection structure, and an intermediate (non-porous bottom plate 2402) is arranged between the porous structure 2401 and the substrate 2403. Due to the complex formed by the porous structure 2401 and the non-porous bottom plate 2402 (the complex is formed on the outside of the cup body 3-3 and covers the connection area of the cup body 3-3), and the base 2403 is pressed against the Between the positive electrode 2404 and the negative electrode 2405. When the current is applied, the current flows through the porous structure 2401, the non-porous bottom plate 2402 until the contact surface and the adjacent area with the outside of the substrate 2403, generating resistance heat and heating it to a molten or plastic state, so that the non-porous bottom plate 2402 and the substrate 2403 forms a combination to realize the solid connection between the non-porous bottom plate 2402 and the substrate 2403, so that the composite formed by the porous structure 2401 and the non-porous bottom plate 2402 is closely combined with the substrate 2403, thus forming a cup body. The coverage of the upper connection area results in a porous structure on the peripheral surface of the acetabular cup (shell). The cup body of the acetabular cup of the present invention is adapted to the complex (or the intermediate body it contains) at the contact and connection sites. Other content about the acetabular cup applicable to the first embodiment will not be repeated here, and specific content about the acetabular cup applicable to other embodiments will not be repeated here.

In some examples, the cup body of the acetabular cup is made by forging, casting or machining, preferably a solid structure, which is easy to process and has high strength; or the cup body can also be a high-density porous structure; intermediates can be solid, or A porous structure with a higher surface structure density; when the cup body and the intermediate body both use a porous structure, the density of the intermediate body is between that of the handle body and the porous surface structure. The intermediate body and porous surface structure are preferably realized by 3D printing additive manufacturing process, which can control the pores well to meet the design requirements. The main body of the cup body and the intermediate body are effectively connected by resistance welding, which avoids the problem that the overall strength is greatly reduced by the current hot pressing process (such as the penetration welding process).

In a specific example, the entire outer surface of the main body of the cup can be used as a connection area, and an integral composite body is arranged to be in corresponding contact with it and welded in the connection area through the contained intermediate body. It is also possible to divide a plurality of independent connection areas on the entire outer surface of the cup body; a plurality of composite bodies (each can be a sheet or other shape, and is adapted to the dome shell), respectively contact with these connection areas correspondingly, and pass through The respective intermediate body is correspondingly welded in these connection regions. Wherein, the inner layer of each complex is an intermediate body, and all or most of the outer layers are porous surface structures.

Embodiment 22: The proximal end of the tibia and the distal end of the femur form a knee joint, and the contact surface between the tibia and the distal end of the femur is the tibial plateau, which is an important load-bearing structure of the knee joint. In the implant prosthesis, the part used to replace the bone on the femoral side is called the femoral condyle, and the part used to replace the bone on the tibial side is called the tibial plateau. There is a polyethylene spacer between the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau to reduce the The role of wear and restore knee joint function.

As shown in Fig. 19a and Fig. 19b, the tibial plateau 300b has a T-shaped structure, including an upper tibial tray 300-1 and a lower support portion 300-2. The lower surface of the tibial plateau 300b uses a porous structure, on the one hand, it can increase the roughness; on the other hand, it can induce osteoblast bone ingrowth, and then effectively connect and fix the tibial plateau prosthesis with the human tibia, replacing damaged lesions The tibial surface forms a good long-term biological fixation to bear the pressure load of the human body and meet the functional requirements of movement and wear resistance. The porous structure of the lower surface of the tibial plateau 300b can be similarly realized by using the structures and methods of the first to nineteenth embodiments above or their modified examples.

In a specific example, as shown in combination of Figure 19a and Figure 19b, the lower surface of the tibial tray 300-1 corresponds to the porous surface structure 2501 of the connecting structure, and the upper end of the tibial tray 300-1 corresponds to the inner base 2503 of the connecting structure; An intermediate (non-porous bottom plate 2502) is provided between the porous surface structure 2501 and the substrate 2503. Due to the composite formed by the porous surface structure 2501 and the non-porous bottom plate 2502 , the substrate 2503 is compressed between the positive electrode 2504 and the negative electrode 2505 . When an electric current is applied, the current flows through the porous surface structure 2501, the non-porous bottom plate 2502 until the contact surface with the far end of the substrate 2503 and the adjacent area, generating resistance heat and heating it to a molten or plastic state, making the non-porous bottom plate 2502 forms a combination with the substrate 2503 to realize the solid connection between the non-porous bottom plate 2502 and the substrate 2503, so that the complex formed by the porous surface structure 2501 and the non-porous bottom plate 2502 is closely combined with the substrate 2503. In this example, the complex formed by the porous surface structure 2501 and the intermediate body is formed at the lower end of the tibial tray and covers the connection area of the tibial tray. Other content applicable to the first embodiment of the tibial plateau will not be repeated here. The specific content about the tibial plateau applicable to other embodiments will not be repeated here.

Embodiment 23: The artificial knee joint prosthesis includes a femoral condyle, a tibial tray, a pad between them, and a patella prosthesis. The femoral condyles attach to the distal femur, and the tibial tray attaches to the proximal tibia. The pad component is connected to the tibial tray component, and the femoral condyles are in contact with the pad. The lower part of the liner is in contact with the upper surface of the tibial plateau, and the convex surface of the femoral condyle is in contact with the upper part of the liner and the articular surface of the patella prosthesis, which can achieve flexion, extension, sliding, rotation and other activities within the specified range.

Wherein, the outer convex surface of femoral condyle 300c main body is usually very smooth, to reduce the wear and tear between it and the liner; It is preferable to form a porous structure on the inner concave surface of the main body of the femoral condyle (such as the medial condyle fixation surface) to explain bone ingrowth, realize the tight integration of the prosthesis and bone tissue, and reduce the possibility of joint replacement surgery failure caused by postoperative loosening of the prosthesis risk. In this embodiment, the inner concave surface of the femoral condyle 300c uses a porous structure, on the one hand, the roughness can be increased to strengthen the prosthesis Postoperative initial stability; on the other hand, it can promote bone ingrowth, and then effectively connect and fix the femoral condyle prosthesis with the human femoral condyle. The tibial liner is located between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial plateau prosthesis, which bears the pressure load of the human body and meets the requirements of joint kinematics and anti-wear.

The porous structure of the inner surface of the femoral condyle 300c can be similarly realized by using the structures and methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 19 or their modified examples.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 20b , it corresponds to FIG. 2 in the first embodiment above. In the inner surface of the femoral condyle, the porous surface structure 2601 , the intermediate body (non-porous bottom plate 2602 ) and the base 2603 of the connection structure are sequentially corresponding from outside to inside. The medial condyle of the femoral condyle 300c corresponds to the base 2603 of the connection structure, and the medial condyle fixation surface of the femoral condyle 300c uses a porous surface structure 2601 . Due to the composite formed by the porous structure 2601 and the non-porous bottom plate 2602, and the substrate 2603 is compressed between the positive and negative electrodes. When an electric current is applied, the current flows through the porous surface structure 2601, the non-porous bottom plate 2602 until the contact surface with the outside of the substrate 2603 and the adjacent area, generating resistance heat and heating it to a molten or plastic state, making the non-porous bottom plate 2602 forms a combination with the substrate 2603 to realize the solid connection between the non-porous bottom plate 2602 and the substrate 2603, so that the complex formed by the porous surface structure 2601 and the non-porous bottom plate 2602 is closely combined with the substrate 2603. In this example, the composite body composed of the porous surface structure and the intermediate body is formed on the inner concave surface of the femoral condyle and covers the connection area of the femoral condyle. Other content applicable to the first embodiment of the femoral condyle will not be repeated here. The specific content about the femoral condyle applicable to other embodiments will not be repeated here. Similarly, the patella prosthesis can also use the structure and method of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments or its modified examples to add a porous structure on its surface in contact with the bone.

Embodiments 1 to 19 of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned prosthesis examples, and can also be applied to such as spinal prosthesis, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint, intervertebral facet joint, mandibular joint , wrist joint, etc., the specific structure and principle refer to the above, and the present invention will not repeat them here.

Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the foregoing disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended patent application scope.

2A: Complex

21: Porous surface structure

22: Intermediate

221: Raised structure

23: Base

24: positive electrode

25: negative electrode

Claims (137)

A method for connecting a porous surface structure and a substrate, wherein the method includes: forming a composite body, the composite body comprising a pre-connected or integrally formed porous surface structure, an intermediate body, and a plurality of support columns; The intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and a substrate, the intermediate body is in contact with the substrate; all or at least part of each of the support columns is located in the porous surface structure; the substrate and the composite are placed in a Between the first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode; when the support pillar is a conductor, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of the porous surface structure, the support pillar, and the intermediate body, and the substrate Conducting contact with the second polarity electrode to form a current loop; or, when the support column is an insulator, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of the porous surface structure and the intermediate body, and the substrate and the The second polarity electrode is in conductive contact to form a current loop; the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate. The method of claim 1, wherein the porous surface structure in the composite is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure and The porosity of the second porous structure is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure. The method according to claim 2, wherein the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding and/or spot welding resistance welding. The method of claim 2, wherein, When the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or a plurality of segmented electrode units, and the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or a segmented plurality of electrode units body; when the resistance welding is spot welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode and/or the second polarity electrode are a plurality of segmented electrode monomers. The method according to claim 4, wherein, during spot welding resistance welding, by moving any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, the second polarity electrode, the electrode that has been welded at least one contact position The intermediate body is combined with the base so as to move from a current welding position to a next welding position. The method according to claim 4, wherein when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode monomers, the electrode monomers are inserted into the prefabricated gaps in the porous surface structure, and the electrode monomers are close to the intermediate body, so that The inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body or the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body through the porous surface structure. The method according to claim 4, wherein the electrode monomer passes through the surface of the porous surface structure until it penetrates to the surface of the intermediate body or the interior of the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrode monomer and The intermediate body is electrically conductive. The method according to claim 6, wherein the electrode unit and the porous surface structure are laterally spaced, so that the electrode unit does not contact the porous surface structure at all. The method according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of electrode monomers are connected in parallel to another planar electrode and the other planar electrode is connected to a power supply terminal, Alternatively, the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel and directly connected to the power supply terminal. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first polarity electrode is a flexible electrode, and the flexible electrode is deformed flexibly under the action of pressure to match the surface of the porous surface structure, thereby increasing the size of the flexible electrode. The contact area with the surface of the porous surface structure. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electrode of the first polarity is a positive electrode and the electrode of the second polarity is a negative electrode; or, the electrode of the first polarity is a negative electrode and the electrode of the second polarity is a positive electrode. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode are made of conductive material; the substrate is made of conductive material, the porous surface structure is made of conductive material, and the intermediate Made of conductive material. The method of claim 1, wherein the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure. The method according to claim 13, wherein a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the intermediate plate structure, the protruding structures are disposed on the side of the intermediate plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the base contact. The method according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure comprises a plurality of protruding structures, and the protruding structures are formed on the second porous structure close to the On one side of the substrate, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the substrate. The method according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate body comprises a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of several porous surface structures close to the substrate, and the bumps of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate . The method according to claim 1, wherein, the support column is arranged correspondingly to and in contact with a protruding structure of the intermediate body, or the support column is dislocated and not in contact with the protruding structure of the intermediate body; the protrusion The bumps of the structure are in contact with the substrate; wherein the raised structure is formed on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate; or, the intermediate is a second porous structure and the second porous structure The porosity is lower than that of the porous surface structure; the protruding structure is formed on the side of the second porous structure close to the substrate; or, the intermediate body includes a middle plate structure formed on the porous surface The side of the surface structure close to the base; the protruding structure is formed on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate is lower than the porous surface the surface of the structure; or, the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, cutting the part of the support column that exceeds the porous surface structure . The method according to claim 18, wherein when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode units, the supporting column is located in the prefabricated space of the porous surface structure, and the supporting column is provided with a groove for placing the The electrode unit is in conductive contact with the supporting column after being inserted; the surface of the supporting column is higher than or equal to or lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the supporting column is a porous structure or a solid structure. The method according to claim 18, wherein, when the surface of the support column away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, including at least a first section beyond the porous surface structure A section and a remaining second section; the first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface of the second section on the side away from the base is flush with the The surface of the porous surface structure makes the first section part sink to the surface of the second section part away from the base due to heat generated by contacting the first polarity electrode. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current loop, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, the Porous surface structure, the intermediate. The method according to any one of claims 14-17, wherein the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position of the porous surface structure and the intermediate body. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials. The method according to claim 24, wherein at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material or wire-like conductive material or mesh-like conductive material. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a deformable conductive medium in the form of a solid film or wire or mesh, and the deformable conductive medium is located at A solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent is sprayed between the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure; and/or, between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure are built into The conductive medium is melted by high temperature; the melting point of the conductive medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the substrate is a solid structure, or the substrate is a third porous structure and the porosity of the third porous structure is smaller than that of the porous surface structure porosity. The method of claim 28, wherein the substrate is made by forging or casting or machining. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body. The method according to claim 30, wherein the porous surface structure of the composite and the intermediate are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the supporting pillar are integrally formed. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous surface The structure is divided into multiple areas; each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure The positional relationship between the edge and the groove adjacent to any one of the regions is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the the first side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and to the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove Passing through the second side of the groove and contacting at least a part of another adjacent area; wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to any one area, and the second side of the groove is away from the other area. One side of any one of the areas mentioned above. The method according to claim 33, wherein, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by grooves are respectively simultaneously covered by two different electrodes of the first polarity whose covering positions do not overlap; Or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the adjacent two regions divided by the groove are respectively divided by two Two different electrodes of the first polarity are sequentially covered twice; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent areas divided by grooves are divided into two by the same first polarity electrode in sequence. coverage. The method according to claim 33, wherein the groove is in the shape of a strip. The method according to claim 33, wherein the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode; or, the second polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of regions, and the second polarity electrode is respectively matched with each region. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions, and any two adjacent regions are divided into a porous structure of a first region and a first region. The porous structure of the second region; the porous structure of the first region is in contact with the first polarity electrode corresponding to the first region, and after the resistance welding of the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the porous structure of the first region is The contact edge between the porous structure and the electrode of the first polarity in the first region forms a raised edge; the porous structure in the second region is in contact with the electrode of the first polarity corresponding to the second region, and the electrode of the first polarity in the second region contacts A polarity electrode covers at least the convex side of the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region to complete resistance welding between the porous structure in the second region and the substrate. The method of claim 37, wherein the second polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode; Alternatively, the second polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of regions, and the second polarity electrode is respectively matched with each region. The method of any one of claims 13-15, wherein the substrate comprises a surface tie layer, the bottom surface tie layer is pre-bonded to the main body of the substrate, the surface tie layer is interposed in the middle of the composite Between the body and the main body of the substrate; the surface connection layer includes a raised structure, and the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite body. The method of claim 39, wherein the surface connection layer is pre-welded to the main body of the substrate. The method according to claim 39, wherein, the side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the plurality of raised structures disposed on the side of the intermediate close to the base and the surface connection layer The raised structures are staggered. A method for preparing a connection structure, wherein the method comprises the following process: using a method as described in any one of claims 1-41 to provide at least two complexes, including a first complex and a second complex ; The first composite body, a substrate and the second composite body are arranged between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode; the first composite body is placed between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, and the first composite body is placed between the first polarity electrode and the substrate. an intermediate in a composite is in contact with the substrate; the second composite is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate in the second composite is in contact with the substrate; When the support column is a conductor, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of a porous surface structure in the first composite body, the support column, and the intermediate body, and the second polarity electrode is in contact with the first polarity electrode. At least one of the porous surface structure, the support column, and the intermediate body in the two composites is in conductive contact to form a current loop; when the support column is an insulator, the first polarity electrode and the first composite body A porous surface structure in the body, at least one conductive contact among the intermediate body, the second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with a porous surface structure in the second composite body, at least one of the intermediate body , to form a current loop; the intermediate body of the first composite body and the substrate, and the intermediate body of the second composite body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate. The method as described in claim item 42, wherein, the method for obtaining the first complex as described in any one of claim items 1-41 is called the first method, and adopting any one of claim items 1-41 The method for obtaining the second complex is called the second method, and the first method is the same as or different from the second method. A connection structure between a porous surface structure and a substrate, including: a composite body, including a pre-connected or integrally formed porous surface structure, an intermediate body, and a plurality of support columns; all or all of each support column At least partly located in the porous surface structure; a substrate, in contact with the intermediate body, the intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate; when the support column is an electrical conductor, the substrate and the composite body are placed Between an electrode of a first polarity and an electrode of a second polarity, the first polarity electrode is in contact with at least one of the porous surface structure, the support column, and the intermediate body, and the substrate is in contact with the second polarity The electrodes are in conductive contact to form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate; Or, when the supporting column is an insulator, the substrate and the complex are placed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode, and the first polarity electrode and the porous surface structure, the intermediate body At least one conductive contact, and the conductive contact between the base and the second polarity electrode form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the base are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the complex and the base. The connection structure as claimed in claim 44, wherein the porous surface structure in the composite is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure And the porosity of the second porous structure is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure. The connection structure according to claim 44, wherein the substrate, the porous surface structure, and the intermediate body are made of conductive materials. The connecting structure as claimed in claim 45, wherein the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure. The connecting structure as claimed in item 47, wherein a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the intermediate plate structure, and the protruding structures are arranged on the side of the intermediate plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the The substrate contacts. The connection structure according to claim 45, wherein the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure includes a plurality of protruding structures, and the protruding structures are formed on the second porous structure close to On one side of the base, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the base. The connection structure as claimed in claim 45, wherein, The intermediate body comprises a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate. The connecting structure according to claim 44, wherein, the support column is arranged correspondingly to and in contact with a protruding structure of the intermediate body, or the support column is dislocated and not in contact with the protruding structure of the intermediate body; The bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the substrate; wherein, the raised structure is formed on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate; or, the intermediate is a second porous structure and the second porous The porosity of the structure is lower than the porosity of the porous surface structure; the protruding structure is formed on the side of the second porous structure close to the substrate; or, an intermediate plate structure included in the intermediate body is formed on the The side of the porous surface structure close to the base; the protruding structure is formed on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base. The connection structure as claimed in claim 44, wherein, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate is lower than the porosity the surface of the surface structure; or, the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure. The connection structure as claimed in claim 52, wherein, when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, cutting the support column beyond the surface of the porous surface structure part. The connection structure as claimed in claim 52, wherein, The support column is located in the prefabricated void of the porous surface structure, and the support column defines a groove for placing a plurality of electrode units in the first polarity electrode, and the inserted electrode units conduct electricity with the support column contact; the support column is a porous structure or a solid structure. The connection structure according to claim 52, wherein, when the surface of the support column away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, including at least one section beyond the porous surface structure The first section and the remaining one second section; the first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface on the side of the second section away from the base is flush with the The surface of the porous surface structure is such that the first segment generates heat due to contact with the first polarity electrode, causing the support column to sink to the surface of the second segment that is away from the base. The connection structure according to claim 44, wherein when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current loop, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, The porous surface structure, the intermediate. The connecting structure according to any one of claims 48-50, 51, wherein the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position between the porous surface structure and the intermediate body. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials. The connection structure of claim 58, wherein, At least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a deformable conductive medium in the form of a solid film, and the deformable conductive medium is located on the first polarity electrode and between the porous surface structure; and/or, between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode by spraying a solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or at least part of the porous surface structure The conductive medium is built into the pores and the conductive medium is melted by high temperature; the melting point of the conductive medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein the substrate is a solid structure, or the substrate is a third porous structure and the porosity of the third porous structure is smaller than that of the porous surface The porosity of the structure. The connecting structure as claimed in claim 62, wherein the substrate is made by forging or casting or machining or powder metallurgy or metal injection molding process. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein the porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body. The connection structure as claimed in claim 64, wherein the porous surface structure of the composite and the intermediate are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the supporting column are integrally formed. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porous The surface structure is divided into multiple areas; each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure The positional relationship between the edge of the edge and the groove adjacent to any one of the regions is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the first side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and to the second side of the groove, or Across the second side of the groove and contact at least a part of another adjacent area; wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to any one area, and the second side of the groove is away from One side of any one of the regions. The connecting structure according to claim 67, wherein, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by the groove are respectively covered by two different electrodes of the first polarity whose positions do not overlap. or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the two adjacent areas divided by the groove are respectively covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, the porous surface structure On the surface, two adjacent areas divided by the groove are covered twice by the same first polarity electrode sequentially. The connection structure according to claim 67, wherein the groove is in the shape of a strip. The connection structure as described in any one of claims 44-56, wherein the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions, and any two adjacent regions are divided into a porous structure of a first region and a The porous structure of the second region; the porous structure of the first region is in contact with the first polarity electrode corresponding to the first region, and after the resistance welding of the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the porous structure of the first region is The contact edge between the porous structure and the electrode of the first polarity in the first region forms a raised edge; the porous structure in the second region is in contact with the electrode of the first polarity corresponding to the second region, and the electrode of the first polarity in the second region contacts A polarity electrode covers at least the convex side of the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region to complete resistance welding between the porous structure in the second region and the substrate. The connection structure according to any one of claims 44-56, wherein the substrate comprises a surface connection layer, the surface connection layer is pre-connected to the main body of the substrate, and the surface connection layer is interposed in the middle of the composite Between the body and the main body of the substrate; the surface connection layer includes a raised structure, and the bumps of the raised structure of the surface connection layer are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite body. The connection structure as claimed in claim 71, wherein the surface connection layer of the substrate is pre-welded to the main body of the substrate. The connection structure according to claim 71, wherein, the side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the protrusion structure disposed on the side of the intermediate body close to the base and the surface connection layer The raised structures are staggered. A connection structure of a porous surface structure and a substrate, wherein, comprising two complexes, Respectively a first complex and a second complex, which are any two complexes in the connection structure described in any one of claim items 44-73; the first complex and the second complex, respectively It includes a porous surface structure, an intermediate body, and a plurality of supporting columns that are pre-connected or integrally formed; all or at least part of each of the supporting columns is located in the porous surface structure; the first composite body, a substrate and The second composite body is arranged between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode; the first composite body is placed between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate in the first composite body and the The substrate is in contact; the second composite is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate, and the intermediate in the second composite is in contact with the substrate; when the support column is a conductor, the first polarity electrode In conductive contact with at least one of the porous surface structure in the first complex, the support column, and the intermediate body, the second polarity electrode is in contact with the porous surface structure in the second complex, the support At least one conductive contact among the column and the intermediate body is used to form a current loop; when the supporting column is an insulator, the first polarity electrode and a porous surface structure in the first composite body, the intermediate body At least one conductive contact among them, the second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with a porous surface structure in the second composite body, at least one conductive contact among the intermediate body, to form a current loop; the first composite The intermediate body of the body and the substrate, and the intermediate body in the second composite body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate. The connection structure according to claim 74, wherein the first composite body and the second composite body have the same structure; or, the first composite body and the second composite body have different structures. A preparation device for preparing a connection structure of a porous surface structure and a substrate as described in any one of claim items 44-73, wherein a composite is formed, and the composite includes pre-connected or A porous surface structure, an intermediate body, and a plurality of support columns are integrally formed; all or at least part of each support column is located in the porous surface structure; the preparation device includes: a first polarity electrode, the support When the column is a conductor, a first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of a porous surface structure, a support column, and an intermediate in a composite; when the support column is an insulator, a first polarity electrode The electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of a porous surface structure and an intermediate in a composite; a second polarity electrode is in conductive contact with a substrate, and the intermediate is located between the porous surface structure and the substrate Between, the intermediate body is in contact with the substrate, and the substrate and the composite body are placed between the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the composite body and the composite body base connection. The manufacturing device according to claim 76, wherein the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding and/or spot welding resistance welding. The manufacturing device as claimed in item 77, wherein, when the resistance welding is projection welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode is a continuous planar electrode or a plurality of segmented electrode monomers, and the second polarity electrode is A continuous planar electrode or a plurality of segmented electrode monomers; when the resistance welding is spot welding resistance welding, the first polarity electrode and/or the second polarity electrode are segmented plurality of electrode monomers. The manufacturing device according to claim 77, wherein during spot welding resistance welding, any one or more of the following components is moved to move from the current welding position to the next welding position: the first polarity electrode, the second polarity electrode Combination of polarized electrodes, the intermediate body and the substrate having been welded at least one contact location. The preparation device according to any one of claim items 76-79, wherein when the first polarity electrode is divided into a plurality of electrode units, the electrode units are inserted into the prefabricated gaps in the porous surface structure, and the electrode units The body is close to the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body or the inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the intermediate body through the porous surface structure. The preparation device as claimed in claim 80, wherein the electrode monomer penetrates from the surface of the porous surface structure until it penetrates to the surface of the intermediate body or the interior of the intermediate body, so that the inserted electrode monomer Make conductive contact with the intermediate body. The preparation device according to claim 80, wherein the electrode unit and the porous surface structure are laterally spaced, so that the electrode unit does not contact the porous surface structure at all. The preparation device according to claim 80, wherein the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel to another planar electrode and the other planar electrode is connected to a power supply terminal, or, the plurality of electrode units are connected in parallel and directly connected to the power supply end. The preparation device according to any one of claim items 76-79, wherein the first polarity electrode is a flexible electrode, and the flexible electrode is deformed flexibly under pressure so that it is in contact with the surface of the porous surface structure Matching increases the contact area between the flexible electrode and the surface of the porous surface structure. The preparation device according to claim 76, wherein the electrode of the first polarity is a positive electrode and the electrode of the second polarity is a negative electrode; or, the electrode of the first polarity is a negative electrode and the electrode of the second polarity is a positive electrode. The preparation device as described in claim 76, wherein, the electrode of one polarity and the electrode of the second polarity are made of conductive materials; the electrode of the second polarity is a continuous planar electrode; or, the electrode of the second polarity is divided into a plurality of The second polarity electrodes of the regions are respectively matched with the respective regions. The preparation device according to any one of claims 76-79, 85-86, wherein the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, The porous surface structure is divided into a plurality of regions; each region divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode correspondingly in contact with each region, and the first polarity electrode correspondingly in contact with any region of the porous surface structure The positional relationship between the edge of the first polarity electrode and the groove adjacent to the arbitrary region is as follows: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is connected to the first side of the groove. side does not touch, or reach the first side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and reach the first side of the groove The second side, or across the second side of the groove and in contact with at least a part of another adjacent area; wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to any one area, and the groove's The second side is a side away from any one of the regions. The preparation device according to claim 87, wherein, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by the groove are respectively covered by two different electrodes of the first polarity whose positions do not overlap. or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the two adjacent areas divided by the groove are respectively covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; or, the porous surface structure On the surface, two adjacent areas divided by the groove are covered twice by the same first polarity electrode sequentially. The preparation device as described in any one of claims 76-79, 85-86, wherein the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions, and any two adjacent regions divided are called a first region. A porous structure and a porous structure in a second region; the porous structure in the first region is in contact with the first polarity electrode corresponding to the first region, and after the resistance welding between the porous structure in the first region and the substrate is completed, the The porous structure of the first region forms a convex edge with the contact edge of the first polarity electrode of the first region; the porous structure of the second region contacts the corresponding first polarity electrode of the second region, and the second The first polarity electrode of the region at least covers the convex edge on the porous structure of the first region close to the porous structure of the second region, completing the resistance welding of the porous structure of the second region and the substrate. A prosthesis, wherein a connection structure is provided, and the connection structure includes: a composite body, including a pre-connected porous surface structure, an intermediate body, and a plurality of support columns; all or at least part of each support column Located in the porous surface structure; a base, used to form a prosthesis body, at least part of the surface of the prosthesis body as a connection area, used to connect with the composite body, the intermediate body is located between the porous surface structure and the Between the substrates, the intermediate body is connected to the connection area of the prosthesis body, so that the porous surface structure is located in the connection area of the prosthesis body. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 90, wherein, when the supporting pillar is an electrical conductor, the base and the composite body are placed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode, and the first polarity electrode and the At least one conductive contact among the porous surface structure, the supporting column, the intermediate body, and the conductive contact between the substrate and the second polarity electrode form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the Linkage of the complex to the substrate. The prosthesis of claim 90, wherein the prosthesis is a joint prosthesis. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 90, wherein the composite body is formed as a shell covering the connecting region of the prosthesis body; the outer layer of the shell contains the porous surface structure; the inner layer of the shell The intermediate body is included and attached to the attachment region of the prosthesis body. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 93, wherein the shell formed by the composite body is a whole; or, the shell formed by the composite body comprises a plurality of shell pieces; wherein the multiple shell pieces The bodies are independent of each other, or the adjacent shell bodies are connected on at least one adjacent edge. Prosthesis as claimed in claim 90, wherein the prosthesis comprises a femoral stem of a hip joint, the femoral stem comprises a stem formed as the base; the position of the connecting region is the upper part of the stem s surface. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 95, wherein the surface of the lower part of the handle body is a smooth surface, a plurality of longitudinal grooves are opened in the lower part of the handle body, and the lower part of the handle body is inserted into a bone marrow cavity. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 95, wherein the femoral stem also includes a head and a neck, and the head, the neck and the handle are integral or assembled; the head of the femoral stem The head is a frustum of cone structure, the first end of which is connected to the handle through the neck, and the head and the neck have a certain deflection angle relative to the handle, in the form of an inclination relative to one side of the handle. Type arrangement, the second end of the head of the femoral stem is inserted into the femoral ball head. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 95, wherein the composite body is formed as a shell wrapping around the connection area of the handle; the composite body comprises a plurality of shell pieces. The prosthesis of claim 90, wherein the prosthesis comprises an acetabular cup of a hip joint, the acetabular cup comprising an inner cup body formed as the base; the attachment region is located at the The outer surface of the acetabular cup. The prosthesis of claim 90, wherein the prosthesis comprises a tibial plateau comprising a tibial tray formed as the base; the location of the attachment region is a surface of the distal end of the tibial tray. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 90, wherein the prosthesis comprises a femoral condyle, and the femoral condyle comprises a condyle internal fixation surface formed as the base; the position of the connecting region is the condyle internal fixation surface. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 90, wherein the prosthesis is any one or more of the following: patella, spinal fusion cage, spinal intervertebral facet joint, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint , Artificial disc, mandibular joint, wrist joint. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 92-102, wherein the porous surface structure in the composite is called a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is A second porous structure having a lower porosity than the first porous structure. The prosthesis of claim 90, wherein the porous surface structure in the composite is referred to as a first porous structure; the intermediate is a solid structure, or the intermediate is a second porous structure And the porosity of the second porous structure is lower than the porosity of the first porous structure. The prosthesis according to claim 104, wherein the substrate is made of conductive material, the porous surface structure is made of conductive material, and the intermediate body is made of conductive material. The prosthesis of claim 104, wherein the intermediate body comprises an intermediate plate structure. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 106, wherein a plurality of protruding structures are arranged on the intermediate plate structure, and the protruding structures are arranged on the side of the intermediate plate structure close to the base, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the The substrate contacts. The prosthesis according to claim 104, wherein the intermediate body is the second porous structure, the second porous structure comprises a plurality of protruding structures formed on the second porous structure adjacent to On one side of the base, the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the base. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 104, wherein the intermediate body comprises a plurality of protruding structures dispersedly arranged on the side of the porous surface structure close to the substrate, and the protruding points of the protruding structures are in contact with the substrate . The prosthesis as claimed in claim 104, wherein, the supporting column is arranged corresponding to and contacts with the convex structure of the intermediate body, or the supporting column is in contact with the intermediate body The protruding structure is dislocated and not in contact; the protruding point of the protruding structure is in contact with the substrate; wherein, the protruding structure is formed on the porous surface structure on the side close to the substrate; or, the intermediate is The second porous structure and the porosity of the second porous structure is lower than the porosity of the porous surface structure; the raised structure is formed on the side of the second porous structure close to the substrate; or, the A middle plate structure included in the intermediate body is formed on the side of the porous surface structure close to the base; the protruding structure is formed on the side of the middle plate structure close to the base. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 104, wherein, the surface of the support column on the side away from the base exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure; or, the surface of the support column on the side away from the base is lower than the porosity the surface of the surface structure; or, the surface of the support column away from the substrate is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 111, wherein, when the surface of the support column on the side away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure, after the resistance welding is completed, cutting the support column beyond the surface of the porous surface structure part. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 111, wherein the support column is located in the prefabricated void of the porous surface structure, and the support column defines a groove for placing a plurality of electrode cells in the first polarity electrode, The inserted electrode monomer is in conductive contact with the support column; the support column is a porous structure or a solid structure. The prosthesis of claim 111, wherein, When the surface of the support column away from the substrate exceeds the surface of the porous surface structure: the support column is a multi-segment structure, including at least a first segment beyond the porous surface structure and a remaining second segment ; The first section is a porous structure; the second section is a porous structure or a solid structure, and the surface on the side of the second section away from the base is flush with the surface of the porous surface structure, so that the first The heat generated by the segment portion contacting the first polarity electrode causes the support column to sink to the surface of the second segment portion away from the base. The prosthesis according to claim 104, wherein when the support column is a conductor, the support column is connected to the current circuit, and the support column is in conductive contact with any one or more of the following components: the first polarity electrode, The porous surface structure, the intermediate. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 111, wherein the support column is an insulator, the substrate and the composite are placed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode, and the first polarity electrode and the porous The surface structure, at least one conductive contact among the intermediate body, and the conductive contact between the substrate and the second polarity electrode form a current loop, so that the intermediate body and the substrate are subjected to resistance welding to realize the bonding between the composite body and the substrate connect. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 107-109, 110, wherein the protruding structure is located on the intermediate body, close to the contact position between the porous surface structure and the intermediate body. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with conductive materials. The prosthesis according to claim 118, wherein at least part of the pores in the porous surface structure are filled with powdery conductive material. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure is covered with a deformable conductive medium in the form of a solid film, and the deformable conductive medium is located at the first polarity A solid conductive medium or a liquid conductive agent is sprayed between the electrode and the porous surface structure; and/or, between at least part of the surface of the porous surface structure and the first polarity electrode. The prosthesis according to claim 104, wherein the surface of the porous surface structure is sprayed with one or more of the following coatings: osteoconductive coating, osteoinductive coating, antibacterial coating, cell or growth factor carrier. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein at least part of the pores of the porous surface structure is injected with a molten conductive medium, and/or at least part of the porous surface structure The conductive medium is built into the pores and melted by high temperature; the melting point of the conductive medium is lower than the melting point of the substrate and/or the melting point of the porous surface structure. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein the substrate is a solid structure, or the substrate is a third porous structure having a porosity less than the porous surface The porosity of the structure. The prosthesis of claim 123, wherein the base is made by forging or casting or machining or powder metallurgy or metal injection molding process. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein, The porous surface structure of the composite body is integrally formed with the intermediate body. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 125, wherein the porous surface structure of the composite body and the intermediate body are realized through a 3D printing additive manufacturing process or a vapor deposition process. The prosthesis as claimed in any one of claims 104-116, wherein the porous surface structure, the intermediate body and the support post are integrally formed. The prosthesis according to any one of claim items 104-116, wherein the surface of the porous surface structure is provided with a plurality of grooves, the surface of the grooves is lower than the surface of the porous surface structure, and the porosity The surface structure is divided into multiple areas; each area divided by the groove is covered by the first polarity electrode corresponding to each area, and the first polarity electrode corresponding to any area of the porous surface structure The positional relationship between the edge of the edge and the groove adjacent to the arbitrary area is: the edge of the first polarity electrode does not reach the first side of the groove and is not in contact with the first side of the groove, or reaches the the first side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove and not beyond the second side of the groove, or across the first side of the groove to the second side of the groove, or across The second side of the groove is in contact with at least a part of another adjacent region; wherein, the first side of the groove is the side close to any one region, and the second side of the groove is away from the side of any region. The prosthesis according to claim 128, wherein, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by the groove are respectively covered by two different electrodes of the first polarity whose positions do not overlap. Covering; or, on the surface of the porous surface structure, the two adjacent regions divided by the groove are respectively covered twice by two different electrodes of the first polarity in sequence; Alternatively, on the surface of the porous surface structure, two adjacent regions divided by the groove are covered by the same first polarity electrode in sequence twice. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 128, wherein the groove is elongated. The prosthesis as described in any one of claim items 104-116, wherein the porous surface structure is divided into multiple regions, and any two adjacent regions are divided into a porous structure of a first region and a The porous structure of the second region; the porous structure of the first region is in contact with the first polarity electrode corresponding to the first region, and after the resistance welding of the porous structure of the first region and the substrate is completed, the porous structure of the first region is The contact edge between the porous structure and the electrode of the first polarity in the first region forms a raised edge; the porous structure in the second region is in contact with the electrode of the first polarity corresponding to the second region, and the electrode of the first polarity in the second region contacts A polarity electrode covers at least the convex side of the porous structure in the first region close to the porous structure in the second region to complete resistance welding between the porous structure in the second region and the substrate. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 104-116, wherein the base comprises a surface tie layer, the bottom surface tie layer is pre-attached to the main body of the base, the surface tie layer is interposed between the Between the intermediate body and the main body of the substrate; the surface connection layer includes a raised structure, and the bumps of the raised structure are in contact with the intermediate body of the composite body. The prosthesis of claim 132, wherein the surface connection layer of the substrate is pre-welded to the main body of the substrate. The prosthesis of claim 132, wherein, The side of the intermediate body close to the base is planar; or, the protruding structure disposed on the side of the intermediate close to the base is staggered from the protruding structure of the surface connection layer. A prosthesis, wherein it is provided with a base and at least two composite bodies, the base is used to form a prosthesis body, at least part of the surface of the prosthesis body is used as a connection area for connecting with the composite body, an intermediate body Located between a porous surface structure and the substrate, the intermediate body is connected to the connection area of the prosthesis body so that the porous surface structure is located at the connection area of the prosthesis body; the two composite bodies are respectively a A first composite body and a second composite body, each comprising the porous surface structure, the intermediate body, and a plurality of support columns pre-connected or integrally formed; all or at least part of each of the support columns is located on the porous surface structure Inside; the first complex and the second complex are any two complexes connected to the substrate in the prosthesis described in any one of claim items 90, 92-134; the first complex and the The structure of the second complex is the same; or, the structures of the first complex and the second complex are different; the intermediate and the substrate of the first complex, and the intermediate and the substrate of the two complexes Resistance welding is performed to join the composite to the substrate. The prosthesis of claim 135, wherein the first composite body, the substrate, and the second composite body are disposed between a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode; the first composite body is disposed on the Between the first polarity electrode and the substrate, the intermediate body of the first complex is in contact with the substrate, the second complex is placed between the second polarity electrode and the substrate, the second complex is in the The intermediate body is in contact with the substrate; when the support column is a conductor, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of the porous surface structure of the first composite body, the support column, and the intermediate body, and the first polarity electrode At least one conduction among the bipolar electrode and the porous surface structure of the second composite body, the support pillar, and the intermediate body Electrical contact is used to form a current loop, so that the intermediate body of the first composite body and the substrate, and the intermediate body of the second composite body and the substrate are resistance welded to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate or, when the support column is an insulator, the first polarity electrode is in conductive contact with at least one of a porous surface structure in the first complex and the intermediate body, and the second polarity electrode is in contact with the second A porous surface structure in the composite body, at least one conductive contact among the intermediate body, is used to form a current circuit, the intermediate body and the substrate of the first composite body, and the second composite body The intermediate body and the substrate are welded by resistance to realize the connection between the composite body and the substrate. The prosthesis as claimed in claim 135, wherein the prosthesis comprises a femoral stem of a hip joint, the femoral stem comprises a stem formed as the base; the position of the connecting region is the upper part of the stem surface; the first composite body and the second composite body are respectively formed as a shell wrapped around the connection area of the handle; the first composite body and the second composite body respectively include a plurality of shell pieces.