TWI798498B - Solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect - Google Patents

Abstract

This present disclosure relates to a solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect, which is composed of an antimicrobial ingredient and a lubricating ingredient, wherein the concentration of the antimicrobial ingredient ranged from 1-3000 ppm. In the case that the concentration of the antimicrobial ingredient is 1 ppm, if the solution contacts the target for at least 300 seconds, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms. In the case that the concentration of the antimicrobial ingredient is 3 ppm, if the solution contacts the target for at least 60 seconds, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms. In the case that the concentration of the antimicrobial ingredient is 10 ppm, if the solution contacts the target for at least 10 seconds, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms.

Description

Solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect

The present invention relates to a solution with high anti-microbial ability and lubricating effect, especially an anti-microbial component with a concentration of 1ppm/3ppm/10ppm, which can kill the target at least 300 seconds/60 seconds/10 seconds A solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect with more than 90% microorganisms.

In the contact lens market, how to effectively disinfect the lens and maintain the lubricity of the lens are two important issues. In the past, the lubricating ingredients added to contact lens solutions mainly used polyols, glycosaminoglycans, cellulose mixed ethers, sodium hydroxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, etc. Cellulose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP), polyethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol, PEG), propylene glycol, glycerin, hyaluronic acid, ethyl lactate or oily substances, etc. When the lubricating component exists alone, due to the lack of anti-microbial components, it is more likely to be contaminated by microorganisms, which may cause eye infections of users. However, most of the lubricating ingredients are difficult to be compatible with the bactericidal ingredients. When the lubricating ingredients and the bactericidal ingredients are mixed at the same time, the common problem is that the bactericidal ingredients are interfered by the lubricating ingredients, resulting in a decrease in the bactericidal efficacy.

Furthermore, in addition to the degree of disinfection of contact lenses, users also attach importance to safety and antimicrobial efficiency. One of the disinfectants for contact lenses has an antimicrobial component of benzalkonium chloride (BAC). Although benzalkonium chloride has an antimicrobial effect, it is toxic and irritating. If the user uses it for a long time, it will easily cause corneal damage and pathological changes. One of the disinfectants for contact lenses has an antimicrobial component of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). The toxicity of polyhexamethylene biguanide is low. However, if it is desired to have a sufficient effect of killing microorganisms in a short period of time, its concentration needs to be at least 500 ppm, and there is a problem of easy residue. One of the disinfectants for contact lenses has an antimicrobial component of hydrogen peroxide. During the antimicrobial process, it takes 4-8 hours for this disinfectant to completely convert hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water through platinum. Avoid unconverted hydrogen peroxide irritating to human eyes. Other types of disinfectant for contact lenses such as povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and chlorhexidine, the concentration of the two needs to be at least 250, 1000ppm to have sufficient ability to kill microorganisms. However, if the concentration of antimicrobial ingredients cannot be effectively reduced, it may cause adverse effects on users.

Therefore, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the conventional technology, the embodiment of the present invention provides a solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect through the specific ratio of antimicrobial components and lubricating components, and at least one time after the solution contacts the target After a certain time, the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms.

Based on at least one of the aforementioned purposes, the solution provided by the present invention has high-efficiency antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. The solution includes an antimicrobial component and a lubricating component, wherein the antimicrobial The concentration of the substance component is 1-3000ppm, and the antimicrobial ability of the solution is: when the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 1ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms when it contacts the target for at least 300 seconds; When the concentration of the ingredient is 3ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms when it contacts the target for at least 60 seconds; or when the concentration of the antimicrobial ingredient is 10ppm, the solution can kill when it contacts the target for at least 10 seconds More than 90% of microorganisms.

Optionally, the microorganisms are bacteria, fungi or viruses.

Optionally, the lubricating component has a concentration of 0.01-30 mg/ml.

Based on at least one of the aforementioned purposes, the solution provided by the present invention is composed of chlorine dioxide and lubricating ingredients, and has high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect, wherein the concentration of chlorine dioxide is 1-3000ppm, and the lubricating ingredients The concentration is 0.01-30 mg/ml.

Optionally, the lubricant component includes at least one of polyols, salts of polyols, glycosaminoglycans, salts of glycosaminoglycans, mixed cellulose ethers, and salts of mixed cellulose ethers.

Optionally, in the case where the lubricating component is a polyol and/or its salt, the concentration of the polyol and/or its salt is 0.4-30 mg/ml; when the lubricating component is a glycosaminoglycan and/or its salts, the concentration of glycosaminoglycan and its salts is 0.01-5 mg/ml; and when the lubricating component is cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts, fiber The concentration of plain mixed ethers and their salts is 0.24-10 mg/ml.

Optionally, in the case where the lubricating component is a polyol and/or its salt, the concentration of the polyol and/or its salt is 10-30 mg/ml; when the lubricating component is a glycosaminoglycan and/or its salts, the concentration of glycosaminoglycan and/or its salts is 0.05-5 mg/ml; and in said lubricating When the component is cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts, the concentration of cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts is 1.2-10 mg/ml.

Optionally, any one of the aforementioned solutions, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerin, propylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin, hexanediol, xylitol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or pentanediol.

Optionally, any of the aforementioned solutions, wherein the glycosaminoglycan is hyaluronic acid (Hyaluronic Acid, HA), chondroitin sulfate (Chondroitin Sulfate, CS), dermatan sulfate (Dermatan Sulfate, DS), keratan sulfate (Keratan sulfate, KS), heparan sulfate (Heparan sulfate, HS) or heparin (Heparin, HP).

Optionally, any one of the aforementioned solutions, wherein the cellulose mixed ether is methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxyethylcellulose.

In short, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has both high-efficiency antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. The solution has a low concentration of antimicrobial components, so when used in biomedical materials (eg, contact lenses), the degree of harm to the user is also very low. Furthermore, the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms in a short time, and has the advantage of high antimicrobial efficiency. The combined effect of the solution has advantages for various markets in need (such as maintenance solution for contact lenses, lubricating solution for sterile machines, etc.).

In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, a detailed description is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of propylene glycol and the coefficient of friction in Example 6 of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between glycerin concentration and friction coefficient in Example 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between hyaluronic acid concentration and friction coefficient in Example 8 of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the coefficient of friction in Example 9 of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail through the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, as follows.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect, which includes an antimicrobial component and a lubricating component. The antimicrobial component of the solution is selected from chlorine dioxide, when the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 1ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms after contacting the target for 300 seconds; or when the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 3ppm , the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms after 60 seconds of contact with the target; or when the concentration of antimicrobial ingredients is 10ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms after 10 seconds of contact with the target. Please note here that although the above-mentioned antimicrobial ingredients are selected from chlorine dioxide, the present invention is not limited to the antimicrobial ingredients, and other antimicrobial ingredients with the above-mentioned antimicrobial ability can also be used.

The antimicrobial component "chlorine dioxide" in the solution of the present invention has the characteristics of a strong oxidizing agent. The principle of its use against microorganisms is to break the amino acid bonds of microorganisms and lose their activity, so that the microorganisms will eventually die due to inability to metabolize. Chlorine dioxide is listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an A1-level safe and efficient disinfectant, and it is not easy to cause harm to the human body even if a small amount is accidentally ingested. Furthermore, chlorine dioxide has the characteristic of decomposing when exposed to light, that is, when chlorine dioxide is exposed to light, it will decompose into oxygen and chloride ions that are harmless to the human body over time. Therefore, the longer the use time, the harmful the lower the degree. Please refer to Table 1 for the decomposition of chlorine dioxide. Table 1 is the concentration trend table of 1 ppm chlorine dioxide aqueous solution under the irradiation of xenon lamp. The xenon lamp system is used to simulate the irradiation of sunlight, and the model of the xenon lamp is YS03 sold by UHAO. The model of the chlorine dioxide concentration detection instrument is DT1B sold by Photometer. As shown in Table 1 , when the chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is irradiated with the xenon lamp for a longer time, the detected chlorine dioxide concentration is lower, and when the chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is irradiated by the xenon lamp for 120 minutes, the concentration of chlorine dioxide can be Drop to the concentration of the lowest detection limit of the detection instrument (less than 0.02ppm).

Furthermore, the method for introducing chlorine dioxide into the solution of the present invention adopts a one-step system, that is, directly adds chlorine dioxide into the solution in tablet, aqueous solution or other forms. The advantage of the One-step system is that it is convenient and safe, and it is used to replace the risks and hazards (for example, produce carcinogenic by-products such as haloalkanes, chloramines and bromates). Chlorine dioxide exists in a gaseous state in the solution, so it is easy to escape from the solution to the air. The advantage of the traditional Two-step system is that it can reduce the high loss rate caused by the easy and rapid escape of chlorine dioxide to the air. However, Since the solution of the present invention can achieve the effect of killing microorganisms in a short time (for example, 300 seconds), a more convenient and safe One-step system can be used, and there is no need to worry about the problem of rapid chlorine dioxide escape.

Next, the conditions and effects of the solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect will be further illustrated through examples. First, please refer to Table 2 to know the effect of killing microorganisms of a solution containing only chlorine dioxide. Table 2 is a correspondence table between the concentration of chlorine dioxide and the time for killing microorganisms. As shown in Table 2 , the antimicrobial component in the solution is chlorine dioxide, which has an antimicrobial effect when the concentration of chlorine dioxide is 1-3000ppm. Embodiments 1 and 2 all use chlorine dioxide with a concentration of 1ppm, and carry out the test of killing microorganisms under 600/300 seconds respectively, and embodiments 3-5 use chlorine dioxide with a concentration of 3/10/3000ppm respectively Chlorine, and at 60/10/10 seconds respectively to carry out the test of killing microorganisms, wherein microorganisms are such as but not limited to bacteria, fungi or viruses. From the results of Examples 1-5, it can be seen that the conditions of Examples 1-5 can effectively kill microorganisms. The comparative results of Examples 1 and 2 show that the chlorine dioxide solution with a concentration of 1 ppm only needs to spend 300 seconds to have a qualified effect of killing microorganisms, and the results of Examples 4 and 5 show that the chlorine dioxide solution with a concentration of 10 ppm can only It takes 10 seconds to have a qualified effect of killing microorganisms. The higher the concentration of chlorine dioxide, the shorter the time to kill microorganisms, that is, the concentration of chlorine dioxide is directly proportional to the effect of killing microorganisms. . In the embodiment of the present invention, the qualified microbicidal effect is defined as killing more than 90% of the microbes. In the embodiment of the present invention, the microorganisms used as test objects are bacteria and fungi. In addition, 2ppm of chlorine dioxide can kill 93.7% of viruses within 120 seconds, and its condition range falls between preferred embodiments 2 and 4. , so the solution of the present invention can be used to kill microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi or viruses.

Next, please continue to refer to the following examples to know the conditions and effects when the solution includes both antimicrobial ingredients and lubricating ingredients. The lubricating component of the solution of the present invention can be polyol, salt of polyol, glycosaminoglycan, salt of glycosaminoglycan, cellulose mixed ether or salt of cellulose mixed ether, wherein polyhydric alcohol such as but Glycosaminoglycans such as but not limited to hyaluronic acid (Hyaluronic Acid, HA), Chondroitin Sulfate (CS), Dermatan Sulfate (DS), Keratan Sulfate (KS), Heparan Sulfate (HS) or Heparin (Heparin, HP), and cellulose mixed ethers such as but not limited to methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxyethylcellulose.

Table 3 is a lubricating component and chlorine dioxide compatibility test table, wherein in embodiment 6, polyhydric alcohol is used as lubricating component and propylene glycol is selected for use, and in embodiment 7, polyhydric alcohol is used as lubricating component and glycerin is selected for use, In Example 8, glycosaminoglycan was used as the lubricating component and hyaluronic acid (i.e., hyaluronic acid) was selected, and in Example 9, cellulose mixed ether was used as the lubricating component and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was selected. white. As shown in Table 3 , in Examples 6-9, when the concentration of chlorine dioxide is 1ppm, the concentrations of the lubricating components in Examples 6-9 are respectively 30 mg/ml (mg/ml) of propylene glycol 30 mg/ml of glycerol; 5 mg/ml of hyaluronic acid; 10 mg/ml of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the results of Examples 6-9 all show a qualified effect of killing microorganisms. The results of Examples 6-9 show that the specific combination of the antimicrobial component and lubricating component of the solution provided by the present invention can maintain the antimicrobial effect, and only a low concentration of the antimicrobial component is needed to achieve the effect.

When the antimicrobial ingredient is mixed with the lubricating ingredient to form a solution, the concentration of the lubricating ingredient is not without limitation. When the lubricating component is added to a certain concentration, the viscosity of the solution will increase rapidly, which will cause its coefficient of friction (COF) to increase. The coefficient of friction is related to the friction force between two surfaces. The smaller the coefficient of friction of the solution, the higher the user's comfort when using the solution, that is, the smaller the coefficient of friction, the better. On the contrary, when the coefficient of friction of the solution increases, the user's comfort level in use will decrease and it will be inconvenient. Examples 6-9 also tested the changes in the coefficient of friction of each group of solutions under the condition of the lubricating components and their concentration conditions in each group of solutions. In the test, the friction testing machine of the model CETR UMT-2 sold by Bruker was used. Test, and take the friction coefficient of 1ppm chlorine dioxide aqueous solution as the control group, wherein the friction coefficient of the control group is 0.0184. Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, Fig. 1 is the graph of the relationship between the concentration of propylene glycol and the coefficient of friction in Example 6 of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the graph of the relationship between the concentration of glycerol and the coefficient of friction in Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the graph of the relationship between the concentration of glycerol and the coefficient of friction in Embodiment 8 of the present invention Figure 4 is a relationship diagram between hyaluronic acid concentration and friction coefficient in Example 9 of the present invention. Please refer to the results of Examples 6-9 and Figures 1 to 4 to know the relationship between the concentration of lubricating components and the coefficient of friction and the lubricating effect of solutions under different conditions.

The condition control table 3 of embodiment 6, its test result is as shown in Figure 1, under the situation that antimicrobial component " chlorine dioxide " is 1ppm, when its concentration of lubricating component " propylene glycol " is between 0.4-30 mg/ml, The friction coefficients of the solutions are all less than the friction coefficient 0.0184 of the control group, so the results under the conditions of Example 6 show that when the lubricating components in the solution are polyhydric alcohols and/or their salts, the concentration is 0.4-30 mg/ml. Polyol "propylene glycol" can form a solution with chlorine dioxide that has antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. As shown in Figure 1, as the concentration of propylene glycol increased from 0.4 mg/ml to 20 mg/ml, the friction coefficient of the solution reached a minimum value of 0.0019. As the concentration of propylene glycol increases upwards, the coefficient of friction of the solution in turn increases upwards. In Example 6, when the concentration of the lubricating component in the solution is between 0.4-30 mg/ml, the solution has a good lubricating effect, and when the concentration of the lubricating component is between 10-30 mg/ml, the solution has a better lubricating effect .

The condition comparison table 3 of embodiment 7, its test result is as shown in Figure 2, under the situation of 1ppm in antimicrobial component " chlorine dioxide ", when its concentration of lubricating component " glycerin " is between 0.4-30 mg/ml, The friction coefficients of the solutions are all less than the friction coefficient of the control group 0.0184, so the results under the conditions of Example 7 show that when the lubricating components in the solution are polyhydric alcohols and/or their salts, the concentration is 0.4-30 mg/ml. Polyol "glycerin" can form a solution with chlorine dioxide which has antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. The results in Figure 2 show that as the concentration of glycerol increases from 0.4 mg/ml to 25 mg/ml, the friction coefficient of the solution reaches the lowest value of 0.0037. As the concentration of glycerol increases upwards, the coefficient of friction of the solution in turn increases upwards. In Example 7, when the concentration of the lubricating component in the solution is between 0.4-30 mg/ml, the solution has a good lubricating effect, and when the concentration of the lubricating component is between 10-30 mg/ml, the solution has a better lubricating effect .

The condition control table 3 of embodiment 8, its test result is as shown in Figure 3, under the situation that antimicrobial ingredient " chlorine dioxide " is 1ppm, the lubricating ingredient " hyaluronic acid " when its concentration is between 0.01-5 mg/ml The friction coefficients are all less than the friction coefficient of the control group 0.0184, so the results under the conditions of Example 8 show that when the lubricating components in the solution are glycosaminoglycans and/or their salts, the concentration is 0.01-5 mg/ml Glycosaminoglycan "hyaluronic acid" can form a solution with chlorine dioxide that has antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. As shown in Figure 3, as the concentration of hyaluronic acid increased from 0.01 mg/ml to 1 mg/ml, the friction coefficient of the solution reached the lowest value of 0.0033. When the concentration of hyaluronic acid increases upwards, the friction coefficient of the solution increases upwards in turn. In Example 8, when the concentration of the lubricating component in the solution is between 0.01-5 mg/ml, the solution has a good lubricating effect, and when the concentration of the lubricating component is between 0.05-5 mg/ml, the solution has a better lubricating effect .

The condition control table 3 of embodiment 9, its test result is shown in Figure 4, under the situation that antimicrobial component " chlorine dioxide " is 1ppm, its concentration of lubricating component " hydroxypropyl methylcellulose " is between 0.24- The coefficients of friction at 10 mg/ml are all less than the coefficient of friction 0.0184 of the control group, so the results under the conditions of Example 9 show that when the lubricating component in the solution is cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts, the concentration is 0.24 -10 mg/ml of cellulose mixed ether "hydroxypropyl methylcellulose" can form a solution with chlorine dioxide that has antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect. As shown in Figure 4, as the concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose increases from 0.24 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml, the friction coefficient of the solution reaches the lowest value of 0.0020. As the concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose increases upwards, the coefficient of friction of the solution in turn increases upwards. In Example 9, when the concentration of the lubricating component in the solution is between 0.24-10 mg/ml, the solution has a good lubricating effect, and when the concentration of the lubricating component is between 1.2-10 mg/ml, the solution has a better lubricating effect .

From the results of Examples 6-9, it is known that the solution provided by the present invention has both antimicrobial components and lubricating components, wherein the lubricating components are not limited to polyols and/or their salts, glycosaminoglycans and/or their salts Or cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts, and the solution described in the present invention does not limit its use, for example, it can be used as a contact lens maintenance solution or a lubricating solution for a sterile machine. In the embodiment of the present invention, by Different types of lubricating ingredients have different molecular sizes, so there are different appropriate addition concentrations. For example, lubricating ingredients with smaller molecules such as polyols and/or their salts can have a higher concentration, and lubricating ingredients with larger molecules such as glycosaminoglycans and/or their salts or mixed ethers such as cellulose And/or its salts have a lower concentration.

Based on the above, compared with the conventional technology, the technical effect of the solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect described in the embodiment of the present invention is explained as follows.

In the prior art, it is difficult to use the disinfecting components of the contact lens solution and the lubricating solution in combination because the antimicrobial components and the lubricating components are incompatible, and the two may even cancel each other's efficacy, resulting in antimicrobial and lubricating components. The effect is discounted. In contrast, the solution with high antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect described in the embodiments of the present invention can include antimicrobial components and lubricating components at the same time, and only a low concentration of antimicrobial components is required to be effective. In many industries (such as contact lenses) , mechanical appliances) are sufficiently competitive.

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for describing the present invention and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that all changes and substitutions equivalent to those of the foregoing embodiments should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

A solution with high-efficiency antimicrobial ability and lubricating effect, comprising: an antimicrobial component, which is chlorine dioxide, and the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 1-10ppm; a lubricating component, whose concentration is 0.01-30mg/ml, And the lubricating component is at least one selected from polyols, salts of polyols, glycosaminoglycans, salts of glycosaminoglycans, cellulose mixed ethers, and salts of cellulose mixed ethers; wherein, the The coefficient of friction (COF) of the solution is less than 0.0184, and the antimicrobial ability of the solution is: when the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 1 ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of microorganisms when it contacts a target for at least 300 seconds; or When the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 3 ppm, the solution can kill more than 90% of the microorganisms when it contacts a target for at least 60 seconds; or when the concentration of the antimicrobial component is 10 ppm, the solution contacts a target for at least 10 seconds, which can Kill more than 90% of microorganisms. The solution as described in claim 1, wherein when the lubricating component is polyhydric alcohol and/or its salt, the concentration of the polyhydric alcohol and/or its salt is 0.4-30 mg/ml; when the lubricating component is In the case of glycosaminoglycan and/or its salts, the concentration of the glycosaminoglycan and its salts is 0.01-5 mg/ml; and in the case of the lubricating component being cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts , the concentration of the cellulose mixed ether and its salts is 0.24-10 mg/ml. The solution as described in claim 1, wherein when the lubricating component is polyhydric alcohol and/or its salt, the concentration of polyhydric alcohol and/or its salt is 10-30 mg/ml; when the lubricating component is sugar In the case of aminoglycans and/or their salts, the concentration of the glycosaminoglycans and/or their salts is 0.05-5 mg/ml; and when the lubricating component is cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts In some cases, the concentration of the cellulose mixed ether and/or its salts is 1.2-10 mg/ml. The solution as described in claim 1, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerin, propylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin, hexanediol, xylitol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or pentylene glycol. The solution as described in claim item 1, wherein the glycosaminoglycan is hyaluronic acid (Hyaluronic Acid, HA), chondroitin sulfate (Chondroitin Sulfate, CS), dermatan sulfate (Dermatan Sulfate, DS), keratan sulfate ( Keratan sulfate, KS), heparan sulfate (Heparan sulfate, HS) or heparin (Heparin, HP). The solution according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose mixed ether is methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxyethylcellulose.

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