TWI789275B - Laser spatial distribution transformation element and transformation method - Google Patents
Laser spatial distribution transformation element and transformation method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI789275B TWI789275B TW111110479A TW111110479A TWI789275B TW I789275 B TWI789275 B TW I789275B TW 111110479 A TW111110479 A TW 111110479A TW 111110479 A TW111110479 A TW 111110479A TW I789275 B TWI789275 B TW I789275B
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關雷射傳輸的光學元件,特別是一種雷射光形轉換的光學元件及轉換方法。The invention relates to an optical element for laser transmission, in particular to an optical element and a conversion method for laser light-shape conversion.
雷射光束的能量沿徑向呈高斯分佈(Gaussian distribution),係指能量於光束中心最高,徑向地往光束外圍邊緣快速減弱,使得邊緣處的能量作用於材料表面容易轉換成多餘的熱。The energy of the laser beam has a Gaussian distribution along the radial direction, which means that the energy is the highest at the center of the beam and rapidly weakens radially towards the outer edge of the beam, so that the energy at the edge acts on the surface of the material and is easily converted into excess heat.
依現行方法,是將外部光學器件設置在雷射輸出端口,在雷射光輸出後,使其經過光學器件進行光形轉換,使得在逕向能量分布較均勻,但會增加能量損耗。According to the current method, the external optical device is arranged at the laser output port, and after the laser light is output, it is converted through the optical device to make the energy distribution in the radial direction more uniform, but the energy loss will be increased.
鑑於上述能量分佈衍生的消耗問題,本發明提供一種光形轉換元件,將雷射光形的高斯分佈轉換為平頂分佈使能量空間中分布均勻,同時降低能量損耗。In view of the consumption problem derived from the above energy distribution, the present invention provides a light shape conversion element, which converts the Gaussian distribution of the laser light shape into a flat-top distribution to make the energy distribution uniform in space and reduce energy loss at the same time.
本發明提供一種光形轉換元件,由一殼體界定一光通道,該光通道包含: 一錐形區段,具一寬孔徑端及一窄孔徑端;以及 一光輸出區段,與該錐形區段的該窄孔徑端連接; 其中該錐形區段具一第一中心軸線,該光輸出區段具一第二中心軸線,以及該第二中心軸線與該第一中心軸線相互平行且不重疊。 The present invention provides a light shape conversion element. A housing defines an optical channel, and the optical channel includes: a tapered section with a wide bore end and a narrow bore end; and a light output section connected to the narrow aperture end of the tapered section; Wherein the tapered section has a first central axis, the light output section has a second central axis, and the second central axis and the first central axis are parallel to each other and do not overlap.
本發明另提供一種光形轉換方法,包含施予10~100psi正向應力於如前述之光形轉換元件的該殼體。The present invention further provides a light-shape conversion method, which includes applying 10-100 psi positive stress to the casing of the aforementioned light-shape conversion element.
以下各實施例配合圖式,用以說明本發明之精神,讓本技術領域之人士能清楚理解本發明之技術,但非用以限制本發明的範圍,本發明之專利權範圍應由請求項界定。特別強調,圖式僅為示意之用,並非代表元件實際之尺寸或數量,部份細節可能也不完全繪出,以求圖式之簡潔。The following embodiments are used in conjunction with the drawings to illustrate the spirit of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can clearly understand the technology of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The patent scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims defined. It is especially emphasized that the drawings are only for illustration purposes, and do not represent the actual size or quantity of components, and some details may not be fully drawn for the sake of simplicity of the drawings.
本發明的光形轉換元件,具有光源段以及出光段。光源段的出光端形成漸細的錐形並接合到出光段。光源段的錐形的光軸與出光段的光軸彼此平行不重合。此種方式,光源段出光進入出光段後,光束具有較大的光錐且中心不在出光段的光軸上,傳輸時發生激發較多模態,可形成相對較均勻的能量分佈。因此,可將光形由高斯分佈轉換為平頂分佈。The light shape conversion element of the present invention has a light source section and a light output section. The light exit end of the light source segment forms a tapered shape and is joined to the light exit segment. The optical axis of the cone of the light source segment and the optical axis of the light output segment are parallel to each other and do not coincide. In this way, after the light from the light source section enters the light exit section, the beam has a large light cone and the center is not on the optical axis of the light exit section, and more modes are excited during transmission, which can form a relatively uniform energy distribution. Therefore, the light shape can be converted from a Gaussian distribution to a flat-top distribution.
在某些實施中,以光纖實現此光形轉換機制。某一實施例中,將光纖直徑逐漸縮小呈錐狀,使窄孔徑端的光纖數值孔徑(NA)變大,其對應的光纖端面接收角度(θ)也變大,並透過窄孔徑端以偏軸心方式連接輸出光纖。In some implementations, this light-shape conversion mechanism is implemented with optical fibers. In a certain embodiment, the diameter of the optical fiber is gradually reduced into a tapered shape, so that the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber at the narrow aperture end becomes larger, and the corresponding acceptance angle (θ) of the fiber end face becomes larger, and through the narrow aperture end, the off-axis Connect the output fiber in a central way.
請參閱圖1及圖2,為本發明全部及部分光形轉換元件光纖結構示意圖。光形轉換元件係由殼體1所界定的光通道2形成,此實施例光通道2的剖面輪廓為圓形結構,光通道2包含光接收區段5、錐形區段6及光輸出區段7,可理解地,雷射光依序通過光接收區段5、錐形區段6及光輸出區段7,其中錐形區段5具寬孔徑端10及窄孔徑端11,透過寬孔徑端10與光接收區段5連接,以及透過窄孔徑端11與光輸出區段7連接,所述連接較佳為熔接。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , which are schematic diagrams of the optical fiber structure of all and part of the light-shape conversion element of the present invention. The light shape conversion element is formed by the
其中光接收區段5與錐形區段6具有相同的第一中心軸線8,光輸出區段7具第二中心軸線9,以及第二中心軸線9與第一中心軸線8相互平行且不重疊。Wherein the light receiving
在此實施例中,錐形區段6係由熱熔拉錐形成,錐形區段長L為3~ 25mm,寬孔徑端10至窄孔徑端11的孔徑逐漸縮小,其中寬孔徑端孔徑d
1與窄孔徑端孔徑d
2的比值為1.2:1~4:1,其所對應的寬孔徑端的光纖數值孔徑3或光纖端面接收角θ
1與窄孔徑端的光纖數值孔徑4或光纖端面接收角θ
2的比值為1:1.2~1:4。
In this embodiment, the
在一些實施例中,光接收區段5、寬孔徑端10及光輸出區段7具相同的孔徑,以及光輸出區段7的孔徑大於窄孔徑端孔徑d
2,當光輸出區段7透過窄孔徑端11與錐形區段6連接時,在避免光反射的情況下,窄孔徑端的壁邊緣13與光輸出區段的壁邊緣12具有同一切點,意指第二中心軸線9與第一中心軸線8相距最大距離。
In some embodiments, the
在一較佳實施例中,光通道2的剖面輪廓為多邊形結構,例如八角形。另一較佳實施例,於光接收區段5、錐形區段6或光輸出區段7至少其一的殼體上施予10~100psi正向應力(fiber stress),施力區段範圍為5mm以上,或將光形轉換元件彎曲至曲率半徑小於3公分,亦可增加10~50psi應力。前述的較佳實施例可增加內部光擾動、產生更多模態,使得輸出光能量分布更為均勻。In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional profile of the
在雷射能量分佈上,圖3A為一般雷射能量分佈,能量集中於光束中央,放射狀朝邊緣方向則能量逐步降低,呈高斯分佈;反之,圖3B為本發明雷射能量分佈,能量分佈較為平均,僅接近邊緣處能量低,呈平頂分佈。In terms of laser energy distribution, Figure 3A shows the general laser energy distribution, the energy is concentrated in the center of the beam, and the energy gradually decreases radially toward the edge, showing a Gaussian distribution; on the contrary, Figure 3B shows the laser energy distribution of the present invention, the energy distribution It is relatively average, with low energy only near the edge, showing a flat-top distribution.
1:殼體 2:光通道 3:寬孔徑端的光纖數值孔徑 4:窄孔徑端的光纖數值孔徑 5:光接收區段 6:錐形區段 7:光輸出區段 8:第一中心軸線 9:第二中心軸線 10:寬孔徑端 11:窄孔徑端 12:窄孔徑端的壁邊緣 13:光輸出區段的壁邊緣 d 1:寬孔徑端孔徑 d 2:窄孔徑端孔徑 L:錐形區段長 θ 1:寬孔徑端的光纖端面接收角 θ 2:窄孔徑端的光纖端面接收角 1: housing 2: light channel 3: fiber numerical aperture at wide aperture end 4: fiber numerical aperture at narrow aperture end 5: light receiving section 6: tapered section 7: light output section 8: first central axis 9: Second central axis 10: wide aperture end 11: narrow aperture end 12: wall edge of narrow aperture end 13: wall edge of light output section d1 : wide aperture end aperture d2 : narrow aperture end aperture L: tapered section Length θ 1 : Acceptance angle of the fiber end face at the wide aperture end θ 2 : Acceptance angle of the fiber end face at the narrow aperture end
圖1為本發明光形轉換光纖結構示意圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical shape conversion optical fiber of the present invention.
圖2為本發明部分光形轉換元件光纖結構示意圖。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber structure of part of the light shape conversion element of the present invention.
圖3A及圖3B分別為高斯光斑及平頂光斑的能量分佈圖。3A and 3B are energy distribution diagrams of a Gaussian spot and a flat-hat spot, respectively.
1:殼體 1: Shell
2:光通道 2: Optical channel
5:光接收區段 5: Light receiving section
6:錐形區段 6: Conical section
7:光輸出區段 7: Optical output section
8:第一中心軸線 8: The first central axis
9:第二中心軸線 9: Second central axis
12:窄孔徑端的壁邊緣 12: Wall edge at narrow aperture end
13:光輸出區段的壁邊緣 13: Wall edge of light output section
d1:寬孔徑端孔徑 d 1 : Aperture diameter at wide aperture end
d2:窄孔徑端孔徑 d 2 : Aperture diameter of narrow aperture end
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US20180214979A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-08-02 | Nlight, Inc. | Optical beam delivery device formed of optical fibers configured for beam divergence or mode coupling control |
US20190129093A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-02 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fibers and optical systems comprising the same |
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US20180214979A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-08-02 | Nlight, Inc. | Optical beam delivery device formed of optical fibers configured for beam divergence or mode coupling control |
US20190129093A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-02 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fibers and optical systems comprising the same |
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