TWI784737B - Battery health management method and battery health management device - Google Patents
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本發明涉及一種電池管理方法及電池管理裝置,特別是涉及一種可提高電池容量的電池健康管理方法及電池健康管理裝置。The invention relates to a battery management method and a battery management device, in particular to a battery health management method and a battery health management device capable of increasing battery capacity.
隨著人們對電池應用的需求不斷增加,對電池容量與壽命也更加重視。圖1為習知不斷電系統的電池的電池電壓與時間的對應曲線圖,如圖1所示,首先採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CCCV)對將電池進行充電,以使電池電壓從初始電壓(3.0V)上升至額定電壓(4.1V)。在結束定電流/定電壓充電之後電池進入靜置階段,電池在靜置階段時,會自行放電,待電池的電池電壓經由自行放電由額定電壓下降至回充基準電壓(3.9V)時,採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CCCV)對電池再次充電,以使電池的電池電壓從回充基準電壓回升至額定電壓。As people's demand for battery applications continues to increase, more attention is paid to battery capacity and life. Figure 1 is a graph corresponding to the battery voltage and time of a battery in a conventional uninterruptible power supply system. The initial voltage (3.0V) rises to the rated voltage (4.1V). After the constant current/constant voltage charging is completed, the battery enters the static stage. During the static stage, the battery will discharge itself. When the battery voltage of the battery drops from the rated voltage to the recharge reference voltage (3.9V) through self-discharge, the The constant current/constant voltage charging method (CCCV) recharges the battery so that the battery voltage of the battery rises from the recharge reference voltage to the rated voltage.
關於電池的健康狀態( State of Health; SOH ),是將電池的新品當做 100% 健康的狀態,隨著電池循環充放電的使用,電池的容量與性能會逐漸的劣化,所以 SOH的預估值就會由100%逐漸下降,最終到 SOH = 0% 代表完全無法使用。但一般不會等到電池完全無法放電時才更換電池,因此一種 SOH的指示方式是當 SOH低於一個門檻值,則警示使用者需儘早更換電池。Regarding the state of health (State of Health; SOH) of the battery, the new product of the battery is regarded as a 100% healthy state. With the use of the battery cycle charge and discharge, the capacity and performance of the battery will gradually deteriorate, so the estimated value of SOH It will gradually decrease from 100%, and finally to SOH = 0%, which means it is completely unusable. But generally, the battery will not be replaced until the battery is completely unable to discharge. Therefore, one SOH indication method is to warn the user to replace the battery as soon as possible when the SOH is lower than a threshold value.
本發明所要解決的技術問題在於,針對現有技術的不足提供一種可提高電池容量的電池健康管理方法及電池健康管理裝置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery health management method and a battery health management device capable of increasing battery capacity in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的其中一技術方案是提供一種電池健康管理方法,其包括:對電池執行充放電程序,充放電程序包含多次步階放電;判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值;當步階放電次數低於門檻值時,提高充放電程序的預期充電電壓;當步階放電次數未低於門檻值,維持預期充電電壓;判斷預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓;當預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,依據額定充電電壓對電池再執行充放電程序;以及當預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,依據預期充電電壓對該電池再執行充放電程序。In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is to provide a battery health management method, which includes: performing a charge and discharge program on the battery, the charge and discharge program includes multiple step discharges; judging the step discharge of the battery Whether the number of times is lower than the threshold value; when the number of step discharges is lower than the threshold value, increase the expected charging voltage of the charge and discharge program; when the number of step discharges is not lower than the threshold value, maintain the expected charging voltage; determine whether the expected charging voltage is greater than or Equal to the rated charging voltage; when the expected charging voltage is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage, perform the charging and discharging procedure on the battery according to the rated charging voltage; and when the expected charging voltage is less than the rated charging voltage, perform the charging and discharging procedure on the battery according to the expected charging voltage .
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的另一技術方案是提供一種電池健康管理裝置,其包括第一偵測電路、第二模組以及控制器。第一偵測電路用於偵測電池的電池電壓及電池電流。第二模組用於偵測電池的步階放電次數。控制器電性連接於第一偵測電路、第二模組及電池。控制器用於執行健康管理方法,而健康管理方法包含:對電池執行充放電程序,而充放電程序包含多次步階放電;判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值;當步階放電次數低於門檻值,提高充放電程序的預期充電電壓;當步階放電次數未低於門檻值,維持預期充電電壓;判斷預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓;當預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,依據額定充電電壓對電池再執行充放電程序;以及當預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,依據預期充電電壓對電池再執行充放電程序。In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a battery health management device, which includes a first detection circuit, a second module and a controller. The first detection circuit is used for detecting the battery voltage and battery current of the battery. The second module is used to detect the step discharge times of the battery. The controller is electrically connected to the first detection circuit, the second module and the battery. The controller is used to execute the health management method, and the health management method includes: performing a charging and discharging program on the battery, and the charging and discharging program includes multiple step discharges; judging whether the number of step discharges of the battery is lower than a threshold value; when the number of step discharges If it is lower than the threshold value, increase the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure; when the number of step discharges is not lower than the threshold value, maintain the expected charging voltage; judge whether the expected charging voltage is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage; when the expected charging voltage is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage Charging voltage, performing a charging and discharging procedure on the battery according to the rated charging voltage; and performing a charging and discharging procedure on the battery according to the expected charging voltage when the expected charging voltage is lower than the rated charging voltage.
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,經由本發明所提供的電池健康管理方法及電池健康管理裝置,每當電池的步階放電次數低於門檻值時,表示電池當前的健康狀態不佳,故透過提高預期充電電壓的電壓位準,使得電池的步階放電次數超過門檻值。如此一來,可大幅地增加步階放電次數高於門檻值的時間,進而提升電池的健康狀態。此外,當電池依據大於靜置放電速率的預期放電速率進行放電時,更可大幅地減少電池電壓由預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓所需的時間。如此一來,電池的電池電壓處於高於儲存電壓的時間大幅縮短,還可達到延緩電池老化的目的。One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that, through the battery health management method and battery health management device provided by the present invention, whenever the number of step discharges of the battery is lower than the threshold value, it means that the current state of health of the battery is not good, so through Increase the voltage level of the expected charging voltage, so that the number of step discharges of the battery exceeds the threshold. In this way, the time during which the number of step discharges is higher than the threshold value can be greatly increased, thereby improving the health status of the battery. In addition, when the battery is discharged according to the expected discharge rate greater than the static discharge rate, the time required for the battery voltage to drop from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage can be greatly reduced. In this way, the time during which the battery voltage of the battery is higher than the storage voltage is greatly shortened, and the purpose of delaying battery aging can also be achieved.
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與圖式,然而所提供的圖式僅用於提供參考與說明,並非用來對本發明加以限制。In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings related to the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
以下是通過特定的具體實施例來說明本發明所公開有關“電池健康管理方法及電池健康管理裝置”的實施方式,本領域技術人員可由本說明書所公開的內容瞭解本發明的優點與效果。本發明可通過其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用,本說明書中的各項細節也可基於不同觀點與應用,在不悖離本發明的構思下進行各種修改與變更。另外,本發明的附圖僅為簡單示意說明,並非依實際尺寸的描繪,事先聲明。以下的實施方式將進一步詳細說明本發明的相關技術內容,但所公開的內容並非用以限制本發明的保護範圍。The following are specific examples to illustrate the implementation of the "battery health management method and battery health management device" disclosed in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are only for simple illustration, and are not drawn according to the actual size, which is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
應當可以理解的是,雖然本文中可能會使用到“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等術語來描述各種元件或者信號,但這些元件或者信號不應受這些術語的限制。這些術語主要是用以區分一元件與另一元件,或者一信號與另一信號。另外,本文中所使用的術語“或”,應視實際情況可能包括相關聯的列出項目中的任一個或者多個的組合。It should be understood that although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements or signals, these elements or signals should not be limited by these terms. These terms are mainly used to distinguish one element from another element, or one signal from another signal. In addition, the term "or" used herein may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.
電池的健康狀態( State of Health; SOH )將隨著充放電次數的增加而持續地下降,而電池的步階放電次數可反應當前的電池的健康狀態。因此,當電池的步階放電次數低於門檻值時,表示電池的健康狀態不佳而難以正常使用。此時,必須將充放電程序中的預期充電電壓的電壓位準提高,並根據提高後的預期充電電壓對電池進行充放電程序。如此一來,可提高電池的步階放電次數使其超過門檻值。當預期充電電壓經過數次的提升後而大於額定充電電壓時,依據額定充電電壓對電池執行充放電程序。The battery's state of health (State of Health; SOH) will continue to decline as the number of charge and discharge increases, and the number of step discharges of the battery can reflect the current state of health of the battery. Therefore, when the number of step discharges of the battery is lower than the threshold value, it means that the battery is in poor health and cannot be used normally. At this time, the voltage level of the expected charging voltage in the charging and discharging procedure must be increased, and the battery is charged and discharged according to the increased expected charging voltage. In this way, the step discharge times of the battery can be increased to exceed the threshold value. When the expected charging voltage is higher than the rated charging voltage after several boosts, the battery is charged and discharged according to the rated charging voltage.
[第一實施例][first embodiment]
圖2為本發明一實施例提供的電池健康管理裝置的功能方塊圖。如圖2所示,電池健康管理裝置A包括一第一偵測電路1、一第二模組2以及一控制器3,第一偵測電路1包含一第一輸入端11以及一第一輸出端12,第一偵測電路1的第一輸入端11電性連接於一電池B,以便偵測電池B的電池電壓以及電池電流。第二模組2包含一第二輸入端21以及一第二輸出端22,第二模組2的第二輸入端21電性連接於電池B,以便偵測電池B的步階放電次數。控制器3包含一第三輸入端31、一第四輸入端32以及一第三輸出端33。控制器3的第三輸入端31以及第四輸入端32分別電性連接於第一偵測電路1的第一輸出端12以及第二模組2的第二輸出端22,藉此,控制器3取得電池B的電池電壓、電池電流以及步階放電次數。控制器3的第三輸出端33電性連接於電池B且依據電池B的電池電壓、電池電流以及步階放電次數對電池B執行電池健康管理方法,而電池健康管理方法將於圖3闡述。FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a battery health management device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the battery health management device A includes a first detection circuit 1, a
具體而言,電池健康管理裝置A所適用於電池B的種類並不受限,電池B例如可為不斷電系統的電池或者燃料電池。電池健康管理裝置A的控制器3的種類並不受限,控制器3例如可為微處理器(Microprocessor)或數位訊號處理器(Digital Signal Processor, DSP)等或其他類似裝置或這些裝置的組合。此外,第一偵測電路1、第二模組2及控制器3可整合於同一晶片或者分別為三個不同晶片。Specifically, the type of the battery B that the battery health management device A is applicable to is not limited, and the battery B can be, for example, a battery of an uninterruptible power system or a fuel cell. The type of the
關於電池健康管理裝置A之其他實施例,第一偵測電路1還設有第一無線通訊模組,第二模組2還設有一第二無線通訊模組,而控制器3還設有一第三無線通訊模組。第一無線通訊模組以及第二無線通訊模組分別與第三無線通訊模組通訊連接,藉此,控制器3可取得第一偵測電路1所偵測到的電池電壓及電池電流以及第二模組2所偵測到的步階放電次數。Regarding other embodiments of the battery health management device A, the first detection circuit 1 is also provided with a first wireless communication module, the
圖3為本發明第一實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。如圖3所示,在步驟S301,採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CC/CV)對電池B充電,使電池B的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓。關於定電流/定電壓充電法,先透過定電流對電池B持續進行充電,直到電池B的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓為止。接著,依據定電壓對電池B充電,以使電池B的電池電壓維持於預期充電電壓充電,直到電池的電池電流降至截止充電電流為止。FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the battery health management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , in step S301 , the battery B is charged using a constant current/constant voltage charging method (CC/CV), so that the battery voltage of the battery B reaches a desired charging voltage. Regarding the constant current/constant voltage charging method, the battery B is continuously charged with a constant current until the battery voltage of the battery B reaches the expected charging voltage. Next, the battery B is charged according to the constant voltage, so that the battery voltage of the battery B is maintained at the expected charging voltage, until the battery current of the battery drops to the cut-off charging current.
在步驟S303,在結束定電流/定電壓充電法之後,驅動電池B依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,而每一次步階放電包含電池B依據固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電。此外,固定的預期放電速率大於靜置放電速率。詳言之,步驟S303的步階放電包含第一子步驟以及接續於第一子步驟的第二子步驟,第一子步驟係驅使電池B依據一預期定電流進行放電。第二子步驟係進入靜置階段的電池B依據靜置放電速率放電。上述的步驟S301至步驟S303為電池B執行一次充放電程序。In step S303, after the constant current/constant voltage charging method is completed, the drive battery B sequentially performs multiple step discharges, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes battery B Discharge at a fixed expected discharge rate and discharge at a resting rate. Furthermore, the fixed expected discharge rate is greater than the resting discharge rate. In detail, the step discharge in step S303 includes a first sub-step and a second sub-step following the first sub-step. The first sub-step is to drive the battery B to discharge according to a predetermined current. The second sub-step is to discharge the battery B entering the static stage according to the static discharge rate. The above step S301 to step S303 is to execute a charging and discharging procedure for the battery B.
在步驟S305,判斷電池B的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值。當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值(例如14次),執行步驟S307。詳言之,電池的健康狀態(SOH)會隨著電池B的充放電次數的增加而逐漸地降低,而電池的健康狀態的降低也使得電池B的步階放電次數減少。因此,電池B的步階放電次數可反應出電池B的健康狀態,電池B的步階放電次數越少時,表示電池B的健康狀態越差。當電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值時,表示此時電池B的可供電時間大幅降低,難以正常的使用。In step S305, it is judged whether the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than a threshold value. When it is confirmed that the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than the threshold value (for example, 14), step S307 is executed. In detail, the state of health (SOH) of the battery will gradually decrease with the increase of the charge and discharge times of the battery B, and the decrease of the battery SOH will also reduce the step discharge times of the battery B. Therefore, the number of step discharges of battery B can reflect the health status of battery B, and the lower the number of step discharges of battery B, the worse the health status of battery B is. When the number of step discharges of battery B is lower than the threshold value, it means that the available power supply time of battery B is greatly reduced at this time, and it is difficult to use normally.
在步驟S307,依據固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓。舉例來說,每一次提高預期充電電壓時,所提高的電壓增加量均為0.05V。當確認電池B的步階放電次數未低於預設次數門檻,執行步驟S309。在步驟S309,維持預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S301。In step S307, the expected charging voltage is increased according to a fixed voltage increase amount. For example, each time the expected charging voltage is increased, the increased voltage increment is 0.05V. When it is confirmed that the step discharge times of the battery B are not lower than the preset times threshold, step S309 is executed. In step S309, maintain the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S301.
在步驟S311,判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓。當確認充放電程序的預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,執行步驟S313。在步驟S313,設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S301。當確認電池B的預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,接著返回步驟S301。In step S311, it is determined whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage, step S313 is executed. In step S313, set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S301. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the battery B is lower than the rated charging voltage, then return to step S301.
圖3的電池健康管理方法例如可透過圖2的電池健康管理裝置A來執行,但不以此為限。詳言之,步驟S301、步驟S303的步階放電的第一子步驟以及步驟S305~S313可由電池健康管理裝置A的控制器3來執行。The battery health management method in FIG. 3 can be implemented by the battery health management device A in FIG. 2 , for example, but not limited thereto. In detail, step S301 , the first sub-step of step discharge in step S303 and steps S305 - S313 can be executed by the
為了能更清楚理解圖3所提出的電池健康管理方法,以下舉例說明。圖4A為基於圖3的電池健康管理方法的電池電壓與時間的關係圖,而圖4B為對應圖4A的電池健康狀態與時間的關係圖。共同參閱圖4A及圖4B,在時間點T0至時間點T1之間,採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池進行充電,其中充電電流為1A,截止充電電流為0.1A,而初始的預期充電電壓為4.0V。在時間點T1至時間點T2之間,電池B共執行了20次的步階放電,而在時間點T2時,電池電壓已從預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓為止,而儲存電壓為3.9V。In order to understand the battery health management method proposed in FIG. 3 more clearly, an example is given below. FIG. 4A is a graph showing the relationship between battery voltage and time based on the battery health management method in FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4B is a graph corresponding to the relationship between battery health status and time in FIG. 4A . Referring to Figure 4A and Figure 4B together, between the time point T0 and the time point T1, the battery is charged using the constant current/constant voltage charging method, wherein the charging current is 1A, the cut-off charging current is 0.1A, and the initial expected charging The voltage is 4.0V. Between the time point T1 and the time point T2, the battery B has performed 20 step discharges, and at the time point T2, the battery voltage has dropped from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and the storage voltage is 3.9V.
在時間點T3至時間點T4之間,電池B執行步階放電的次數為14次,已低於步階放電次數的門檻值(15次),所以下一次對電池B進行充電時,必須提高預期充電電壓。從時間點T0至時間點T4,電池B的健康狀態從100%持續下降至70%。在時間點T4時,電池B的健康狀態已低於健康狀態的門檻值(75%)。Between time point T3 and time point T4, the number of step discharges performed by battery B is 14 times, which is already lower than the threshold value (15 times) of step discharge times. Therefore, when charging battery B next time, it must be increased Expected charging voltage. From the time point T0 to the time point T4, the state of health of the battery B continues to drop from 100% to 70%. At time point T4, the state of health of battery B is lower than the threshold (75%) of the state of health.
在時間點T4至時間點T5之間,亦採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池B進行充電,差異在於預期充電電壓已由4.0V改為4.05V。在時間點T5至時間點T6之間,電池B執行步階放電的次數為16次而無法恢復至20次,表示電池B因為多次的充放電的原因,使得電池B目前的健康狀態已劣於電池B初始的健康狀態。Between the time point T4 and the time point T5, the constant current/constant voltage charging method is also used to charge the battery B, the difference is that the expected charging voltage has been changed from 4.0V to 4.05V. Between time point T5 and time point T6, the number of step discharges performed by battery B was 16 times and could not be restored to 20 times, which means that the current health status of battery B has deteriorated due to multiple charge and discharge. In the initial state of health of battery B.
在時間點T7至時間點T8之間,電池B執行步階放電的次數為14次,已低於步階放電次數的門檻值(15次),所以下一次對電池B進行充電時,必須再次提高預期充電電壓。從時間點T4至時間點T8,電池B的健康狀態從85%持續下降至70%。在時間點T8時,電池B的健康狀態已低於健康狀態的門檻值(75%)。Between time point T7 and time point T8, the number of step discharges performed by battery B is 14 times, which is already lower than the threshold value (15 times) of step discharge times, so the next time battery B is charged, it must be charged again. Increase the expected charging voltage. From time point T4 to time point T8, the state of health of battery B continues to drop from 85% to 70%. At time point T8, the state of health of the battery B is lower than the threshold (75%) of the state of health.
在時間點T8至時間點T9之間,亦採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池B進行充電,差異在於預期充電電壓已由4.05V改為4.10V。在時間點T9至時間點T10之間,電池B執行步階放電的次數為16次而無法恢復至20次,表示電池B因為多次的充放電的原因,使得電池B目前的健康狀態已劣於電池B初始的健康狀態。此外,由於預期充電電壓已達到額定充電電壓(4.1V),故隨後都依據額定充電電壓對電池B進行充電。Between the time point T8 and the time point T9, the constant current/constant voltage charging method is also used to charge the battery B, the difference is that the expected charging voltage has been changed from 4.05V to 4.10V. Between the time point T9 and the time point T10, the number of step discharges performed by battery B was 16 and could not be restored to 20 times, indicating that the current health status of battery B has deteriorated due to multiple charge and discharge. In the initial state of health of battery B. In addition, since the expected charging voltage has reached the rated charging voltage (4.1V), the battery B is subsequently charged according to the rated charging voltage.
[第二實施例][Second embodiment]
圖5為本發明第二實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。圖5的第二實施例的電池健康管理方法相較於圖3的第一實施例的電池健康管理方法,其主要差異在於在每一次執行步階放電時,驅使電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率進行放電,在驅使電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率進行放電之後,電池B進入靜置階段,而圖5的詳細步驟如下所述。FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the battery health management method of the first embodiment in FIG. 3 , the battery health management method of the second embodiment in FIG. 5 is mainly different in that each time a step discharge is performed, the battery B is driven to discharge according to a non-fixed expected discharge. After the battery B is driven to discharge according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate, the battery B enters the static stage, and the detailed steps in Figure 5 are as follows.
在步驟S501,採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CC/CV)對電池B充電,使電池B的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓。在步驟S503,在結束定電流/定電壓充電法之後,驅動電池B依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓。每一次步階放電包含電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電。此外,非固定的預期放電速率大於靜置放電速率。詳言之,步驟S503的步階放電包含第一子步驟以及接續於第一子步驟之後的第二子步驟,其中第一子步驟係驅使電池B以非固定的電流進行放電,意即電池B的放電電流非固定值,舉例來說,電池B的放電電流可隨著時間持續遞增或者隨著時間持續遞減。第二子步驟係進入靜置階段的電池B依據靜置放電速率放電。上述的步驟S501至步驟S503為電池B執行一次充放電程序。In step S501 , the battery B is charged using a constant current/constant voltage charging method (CC/CV), so that the battery voltage of the battery B reaches a desired charging voltage. In step S503 , after the constant current/constant voltage charging method is completed, the driving battery B sequentially performs a plurality of step discharges, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage. Each step discharge includes discharging battery B according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a resting discharge rate. Furthermore, the non-stationary expected discharge rate is greater than the resting discharge rate. In detail, the step discharge in step S503 includes a first sub-step and a second sub-step following the first sub-step, wherein the first sub-step is to drive the battery B to discharge with a non-fixed current, that is, the battery B The discharge current of the battery B is not a fixed value, for example, the discharge current of the battery B may continuously increase or decrease continuously with time. The second sub-step is to discharge the battery B entering the static stage according to the static discharge rate. The above step S501 to step S503 is to execute a charging and discharging procedure for the battery B.
在步驟S505,判斷電池B的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值。當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值,執行步驟S507。在步驟S507,依據固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓。當確認電池B的步階放電次數未低於預設次數門檻,執行步驟S509。在步驟S509,維持預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S501。In step S505, it is judged whether the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than a threshold value. When it is confirmed that the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than the threshold value, step S507 is executed. In step S507, the expected charging voltage is increased according to a fixed voltage increase amount. When it is confirmed that the step discharge times of the battery B are not lower than the preset times threshold, step S509 is executed. In step S509, maintain the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S501.
在步驟S511,判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓。當確認充放電程序的預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,執行步驟S513。在步驟S513,設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S501。當確認電池B的預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,接著返回步驟S501。In step S511, it is determined whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage, step S513 is executed. In step S513, set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S501. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the battery B is lower than the rated charging voltage, then return to step S501.
圖5的電池健康管理方法例如可透過圖2的電池健康管理裝置A來執行,但不以此為限。詳言之,步驟S501、步驟S503的步階放電的第一子步驟以及步驟S505~S513例如可由電池健康管理裝置A的控制器3來執行。The battery health management method in FIG. 5 can be implemented by the battery health management device A in FIG. 2 , for example, but is not limited thereto. In detail, step S501 , the first sub-step of step discharge in step S503 and steps S505 - S513 may be executed by the
[第三實施例][Third embodiment]
圖6為本發明第三實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。圖6的第三實施例的電池健康管理方法相較於圖3的第一實施例的電池健康管理方法,其主要差異在於當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值,依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓。舉例來說,第一次提高預期充電電壓時,所提高的電壓增加量為0.01V,而在第二次提高預期充電電壓時,所提高的電壓增加量由0.01V改為0.02V,而圖6的詳細步驟如下所述。FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the battery health management method of the first embodiment in FIG. 3, the battery health management method of the third embodiment in FIG. The voltage increase increases the expected charging voltage. For example, when the expected charging voltage is increased for the first time, the increased voltage increment is 0.01V, and when the expected charged voltage is increased for the second time, the increased voltage increment is changed from 0.01V to 0.02V, and the figure The detailed steps of 6 are as follows.
在步驟S601,採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CC/CV)對電池B充電,使電池B的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓。在步驟S603,在結束定電流/定電壓充電法之後,驅動電池B依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓。每一次步階放電包含電池B依據固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電。詳言之,步階放電包含第一子步驟以及接續於第一子步驟之後的第二子步驟,其中第一子步驟係為驅使電池B依據定電流進行放電,而第二子步驟進入靜置階段的電池B依據靜置放電速率放電。上述的步驟S601至步驟S603為電池B執行一次充放電程序。In step S601 , the battery B is charged using a constant current/constant voltage charging method (CC/CV), so that the battery voltage of the battery B reaches a desired charging voltage. In step S603 , after the constant current/constant voltage charging method is completed, the driving battery B sequentially performs a plurality of step discharges, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage. Each step discharge includes discharging battery B according to a fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a resting discharge rate. In detail, the step discharge includes a first sub-step and a second sub-step following the first sub-step, wherein the first sub-step is to drive the battery B to discharge according to a constant current, and the second sub-step enters a static state Stage battery B was discharged according to the resting discharge rate. The above step S601 to step S603 is to execute a charging and discharging procedure for the battery B.
在步驟S605,判斷電池B的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值。當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值,執行步驟S607。在步驟S507,依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓。當確認電池B的步階放電次數未低於預設次數門檻,執行步驟S609。在步驟S609,維持預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S601。In step S605, it is judged whether the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than a threshold value. When it is confirmed that the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than the threshold value, step S607 is executed. In step S507, increase the expected charging voltage according to the non-fixed voltage increase amount. When it is confirmed that the step discharge times of the battery B are not lower than the preset times threshold, step S609 is executed. In step S609, maintain the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S601.
在步驟S611,判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓。當確認充放電程序的預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,執行步驟S613。在步驟S613,設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S601。當確認電池B的預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,接著返回步驟S601。In step S611, it is determined whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage, step S613 is executed. In step S613, set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S601. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the battery B is lower than the rated charging voltage, then return to step S601.
圖6的電池健康管理方法例如可透過圖2的電池健康管理裝置A來執行,但不以此為限。詳言之,步驟S601、步驟S603的步階放電的第一子步驟以及步驟S605~S613例如可由電池健康管理裝置A的控制器3來執行。The battery health management method in FIG. 6 can be implemented by the battery health management device A in FIG. 2 , for example, but is not limited thereto. In detail, step S601 , the first sub-step of step discharge in step S603 and steps S605 - S613 may be executed by the
[第四實施例][Fourth embodiment]
圖7為本發明第四實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。圖7的第四實施例的電池健康管理方法相較於圖3的第一實施例的電池健康管理方法,其主要差異在於在每一次執行步階放電時,驅使電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率進行放電,在驅使電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率進行放電之後,電池B進入靜置階段。當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值,依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓,而圖7的詳細步驟如下所述。FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the battery health management method of the first embodiment in FIG. 3 , the battery health management method of the fourth embodiment in FIG. 7 is mainly different in that each time a step discharge is performed, the battery B is driven to discharge according to a non-fixed expected discharge. After the battery B is driven to discharge according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate, the battery B enters the static stage. When it is confirmed that the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than the threshold value, the expected charging voltage is increased according to the non-fixed voltage increase, and the detailed steps in FIG. 7 are as follows.
在步驟S701,採用定電流/定電壓充電法(CC/CV)對電池B充電,使電池B的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓。在步驟S703,在結束定電流/定電壓充電法之後,驅動電池B依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓。每一次步階放電包含電池B依據非固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電。此外,非固定的預期放電速率大於靜置放電速率。詳言之,步階放電包含第一子步驟以及接續於第一子步驟之後的第二子步驟,其中第一子步驟係驅使電池B依據非固定的電流進行放電,而第二子步驟係進入靜置階段的電池B依據靜置放電速率進行放電。上述的步驟S701至步驟S703為電池B執行一次充放電程序。In step S701 , the battery B is charged using a constant current/constant voltage charging method (CC/CV), so that the battery voltage of the battery B reaches a desired charging voltage. In step S703 , after the constant current/constant voltage charging method is completed, the driving battery B sequentially performs a plurality of step discharges, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage. Each step discharge includes discharging battery B according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a resting discharge rate. Furthermore, the non-stationary expected discharge rate is greater than the resting discharge rate. In detail, the step discharge includes a first sub-step and a second sub-step following the first sub-step, wherein the first sub-step is to drive the battery B to discharge according to a non-fixed current, and the second sub-step is to enter The battery B in the static stage is discharged according to the static discharge rate. The above step S701 to step S703 is to execute a charging and discharging procedure for the battery B.
在步驟S705,判斷電池B的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值。當確認電池B的步階放電次數低於門檻值,執行步驟S707。在步驟S707,依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓。當確認電池B的步階放電次數未低於預設次數門檻,執行步驟S709。在步驟S709,維持預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S701。In step S705, it is judged whether the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than a threshold value. When it is confirmed that the number of step discharges of the battery B is lower than the threshold value, step S707 is executed. In step S707, increase the expected charging voltage according to the non-fixed voltage increase amount. When it is confirmed that the step discharge times of the battery B are not lower than the preset times threshold, step S709 is executed. In step S709, maintain the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S701.
在步驟S711,判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓。當確認充放電程序的預期充電電壓大於或等於額定充電電壓,執行步驟S713。在步驟S713,設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓,接著返回步驟S701。當確認電池B的預期充電電壓小於額定充電電壓,接著返回步驟S701。In step S711, it is determined whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging procedure is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage, step S713 is executed. In step S713, set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage, and then return to step S701. When it is confirmed that the expected charging voltage of the battery B is lower than the rated charging voltage, then return to step S701.
圖7的電池健康管理方法例如可透過圖2的電池健康管理裝置A來執行,但不以此為限。詳言之,步驟S701、步驟S703的步階放電的第一子步驟以及步驟S705~S713例如可由電池健康管理裝置A的控制器3來執行。The battery health management method in FIG. 7 can be implemented by the battery health management device A in FIG. 2 , for example, but is not limited thereto. In detail, step S701 , the first sub-step of step discharge in step S703 and steps S705 - S713 can be executed by the
[實施例的有益效果][Advantageous Effects of Embodiment]
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,經由本發明所提供的電池健康管理方法及電池健康管理裝置,每當電池的步階放電次數低於門檻值時,表示電池當前的健康狀態不佳,故透過提高預期充電電壓的電壓位準,使得電池的步階放電次數超過門檻值。如此一來,可大幅地增加步階放電次數高於門檻值的時間,進而提升電池的健康狀態。此外,當電池依據大於靜置放電速率的預期放電速率進行放電時,更可大幅地減少電池電壓由預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓所需的時間。如此一來,電池的電池電壓處於高於儲存電壓的時間大幅縮短,還可達到延緩電池老化的目的。One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that, through the battery health management method and battery health management device provided by the present invention, whenever the number of step discharges of the battery is lower than the threshold value, it means that the current state of health of the battery is not good, so through Increase the voltage level of the expected charging voltage, so that the number of step discharges of the battery exceeds the threshold. In this way, the time during which the number of step discharges is higher than the threshold value can be greatly increased, thereby improving the health status of the battery. In addition, when the battery is discharged according to the expected discharge rate greater than the static discharge rate, the time required for the battery voltage to drop from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage can be greatly reduced. In this way, the time during which the battery voltage of the battery is higher than the storage voltage is greatly shortened, and the purpose of delaying battery aging can also be achieved.
以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例,並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍,所以凡是運用本發明說明書及圖式內容所做的等效技術變化,均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。The content disclosed above is only a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, and does not therefore limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. within the scope of the patent.
A:電池健康管理裝置 1:第一偵測電路 2:第二模組 3:控制器 11:第一輸入端 12:第一輸出端 21:第二輸入端 22:第二輸出端 31:第三輸入端 32:第四輸入端 33:第三輸出端 B:電池 S301:採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池充電,使電池的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓 S303:驅動電池依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,每一次步階放電包含電池依據固定的預期放電速率進行放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電 S305:判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值 S307:依據固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓 S309:維持預期充電電壓 S311:判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓 S313:設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓 S501:採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池充電,使電池的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓 S503:驅動電池依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,每一次步階放電包含電池依據非固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電 S505:判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值 S507:依據固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓 S509:維持預期充電電壓 S511:判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓 S513:設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓 S601:採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池充電,使電池的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓 S603:驅動電池依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,每一次步階放電包含電池依據固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電 S605:判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值 S607:依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓 S609:維持預期充電電壓 S611:判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓 S613:設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓 S701:採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池充電,使電池的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓 S703:驅動電池依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,每一次步階放電包含電池依據非固定的預期放電速率放電以及依據靜置放電速率放電 S705:判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值 S707:依據非固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓 S709:維持預期充電電壓 S711:判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓 S713:設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓 A: Battery health management device 1: The first detection circuit 2: The second module 3: Controller 11: The first input terminal 12: The first output terminal 21: The second input terminal 22: The second output terminal 31: The third input terminal 32: The fourth input terminal 33: The third output terminal B: battery S301: Use the constant current/constant voltage charging method to charge the battery, so that the battery voltage of the battery reaches the expected charging voltage S303: Drive the battery to perform multiple step discharges in sequence, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes discharging the battery according to a fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a static discharge rate S305: Judging whether the step discharge times of the battery is lower than the threshold value S307: Increase the expected charging voltage according to the fixed voltage increase S309: Maintain expected charging voltage S311: judging whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging program is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage S313: Set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage S501: Use the constant current/constant voltage charging method to charge the battery, so that the battery voltage of the battery reaches the expected charging voltage S503: Drive the battery to perform multiple step discharges in sequence, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes discharging the battery according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a resting discharge rate S505: Judging whether the step discharge times of the battery is lower than the threshold value S507: Increase the expected charging voltage according to the fixed voltage increase S509: Maintain expected charging voltage S511: judging whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging program is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage S513: Set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage S601: Use the constant current/constant voltage charging method to charge the battery, so that the battery voltage of the battery reaches the expected charging voltage S603: Drive the battery to perform multiple step discharges in sequence, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes discharging the battery according to a fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a static discharge rate S605: Judging whether the step discharge times of the battery is lower than the threshold value S607: Increase the expected charging voltage according to the non-fixed voltage increase S609: Maintain expected charging voltage S611: judging whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging program is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage S613: Set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage S701: Use the constant current/constant voltage charging method to charge the battery so that the battery voltage of the battery reaches the expected charging voltage S703: Drive the battery to perform multiple step discharges in sequence, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes discharging the battery according to a non-fixed expected discharge rate and discharging according to a resting discharge rate S705: Judging whether the step discharge times of the battery is lower than the threshold value S707: Increase the expected charging voltage according to the non-fixed voltage increase S709: Maintain expected charging voltage S711: judging whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging program is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage S713: Set the rated charging voltage to the expected charging voltage
圖1為習知不斷電系統的電池的電池電壓與時間的對應曲線圖。FIG. 1 is a graph corresponding to battery voltage and time of a conventional uninterruptible power system battery.
圖2為本發明一實施例的電池健康管理裝置的功能方塊圖。FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a battery health management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明第一實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the battery health management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖4A為基於圖3的電池健康管理方法的電池電壓與時間的關係圖。FIG. 4A is a graph showing the relationship between battery voltage and time based on the battery health management method in FIG. 3 .
圖4B為對應於圖4A的電池健康狀態與時間的關係圖。FIG. 4B is a graph corresponding to the relationship between battery state of health and time in FIG. 4A .
圖5為本發明第二實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
圖6為本發明第三實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
圖7為本發明第四實施例的電池健康管理方法的流程圖。FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a battery health management method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
S301:採用定電流/定電壓充電法對電池充電,使電池的電池電壓達到預期充電電壓 S301: Use the constant current/constant voltage charging method to charge the battery, so that the battery voltage of the battery reaches the expected charging voltage
S303:驅動電池依序執行多次步階放電,以使電池電壓由該預期充電電壓下降至儲存電壓,每一次步階放電包含電池依據固定的預期放電速率以及依據靜置放電速率放電 S303: Drive the battery to perform multiple step discharges in sequence, so that the battery voltage drops from the expected charging voltage to the storage voltage, and each step discharge includes discharging the battery according to a fixed expected discharge rate and a static discharge rate
S305:判斷電池的步階放電次數是否低於門檻值 S305: Judging whether the step discharge times of the battery is lower than the threshold value
S307:依據固定的電壓增加量提高預期充電電壓 S307: Increase the expected charging voltage according to the fixed voltage increase
S309:維持預期充電電壓 S309: Maintain expected charging voltage
S311:判斷充放電程序的預期充電電壓是否大於或等於額定充電電壓 S311: judging whether the expected charging voltage of the charging and discharging program is greater than or equal to the rated charging voltage
S313:設定額定充電電壓為預期充電電壓 S313: Set the rated charging voltage as the expected charging voltage
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