TWI784231B - Method for detecting vascular obstruction and system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for detecting vascular obstruction and a system using the same are provided. The method includes: detecting, via a probe, a blood vessel to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel is obstructed, wherein the probe is for transmitting or receiving ultrasound; detecting, via the probe, the blood vessel to generate a detected signal; performing a Fourier transform for the reference signal to generate a reference power spectral, and performing the Fourier transform for the detected signal to generate a detected power spectral; transforming the reference power spectral to a reference spectrogram, and transforming the detected power spectral to a detected spectrogram; determining a similarity between the reference spectrogram and the detected spectrogram; and determining if the blood vessel is obstructed according to the similarity.

Description

Method for detecting vascular occlusion and system using the method

The present disclosure relates to a method for detecting vascular occlusion and a system using the method.

As the population pattern gradually transforms into an aging society, people's demand for sick medical care and home care is gradually increasing. In the foreseeable future, medical resources will become less and less sufficient to support all patients. For example, patients who require hemodialysis need to go to the hospital frequently to check whether their artificial blood vessels (arteriovenous graft, AVG) may be blocked. When the number of patients is too high, medical staff are often overwhelmed. In this way, the waiting time of patients will be increased and the quality of medical treatment will be reduced.

Therefore, how to propose a method for detecting arteriovenous occlusion that can be used at home is one of the goals that those skilled in the art are committed to.

The present disclosure provides a method for detecting blood vessel blockage and a system using the method, which can detect whether a user's blood vessel is blocked through a portable system.

A system for detecting vascular occlusion disclosed in the present disclosure includes a probe, a transceiver, and a processor. Probes are used to transmit or receive ultrasound waves. The transceiver is coupled to the probe. The storage medium stores multiple modules. The processor is coupled to the storage medium and the transceiver, and accesses and executes multiple modules, wherein the multiple modules include a data collection module and a computing module. The data collection module detects the blood vessel through the probe to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel is blocked, and detects the blood vessel through the probe to generate a detection signal. The calculation module performs Fourier transformation on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum, performs Fourier transformation on the detection signal to generate a detection power spectrum, converts the reference power spectrum into a reference time spectrum, and converts the detection power spectrum into a detection time spectrum , judge the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum, and judge whether the blood vessel is blocked according to the similarity.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned computing module converts the reference time spectrum into the first binarized image, converts the detection time spectrum into the second binarized image, and performs the first binarized image and the second binarized image The mutually exclusive OR operation is performed on the binarized images to generate an operation result, and the similarity is judged according to the global maximum value of the operation result.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned computing module determines that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity being greater than a threshold, and judges that the blood vessel is blocked in response to the similarity being less than or equal to the threshold.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned calculation module performs Fourier transform on the reference signal or the detection signal according to the Hamming window.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above system further includes a fixing element. The fixing part is arranged on the signal transmission path between the blood vessel and the probe, wherein the fixing part is used for fixing the probe.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned fixing element includes an interface between the first medium and the second medium, wherein the angle between the interface and the blood vessel is not 0 degrees.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the first medium and the second sound resistance of the blood vessel.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the probe and the second sound resistance of the blood vessel.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned transceiver includes: a signal transmitting circuit coupled to the probe and sending the first ultrasonic signal through the probe. The signal receiving circuit is coupled to the probe and receives the second ultrasonic signal corresponding to the first ultrasonic signal through the probe. The signal computing circuit is coupled to the signal transmitting circuit and the signal receiving circuit, wherein the signal computing circuit instructs the signal transmitting circuit to send the first ultrasonic signal and convert the second ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal. The demodulation circuit is coupled to the signal operation circuit, wherein the demodulation circuit demodulates the electric signal to generate one of the reference signal and the detection signal. The recording circuit is coupled to the demodulation circuit and the processor, wherein the recording circuit stores one of the reference signal and the detection signal to the storage medium through the processor.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the aforementioned blood vessel is an artificial blood vessel.

A method for detecting blood vessel blockage disclosed in the present disclosure includes: detecting the blood vessel with a probe to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel is blocked, wherein the probe is used to transmit or receive ultrasonic waves; detecting the blood vessel with the probe to generate a detection signal ; Perform Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum, and perform Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate a detection power spectrum; convert the reference power spectrum to a reference time spectrum, and convert the detection power spectrum to a detection time spectrum ; judging the similarity between the frequency spectrum at the reference time and the frequency spectrum at the detection time; and judging whether the blood vessel is blocked according to the similarity.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of judging the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum includes: converting the reference time spectrum into a first binarized image; converting the detection time spectrum into a second binary image valued image; performing exclusive OR operation on the first binary image and the second binary image to generate an operation result; and judging the similarity according to the global maximum value of the operation result.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of judging whether the blood vessel is blocked according to the similarity includes: judging that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity being greater than a threshold; and judging that the blood vessel is blocked in response to the similarity being less than or equal to the threshold.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of performing Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate the reference power spectrum, and performing Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate the detection power spectrum includes: performing the Fourier transform on the reference signal or the detection signal according to the Hamming window The measured signal is subjected to Fourier transform.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned method further includes: disposing a fixing member on the signal transmission path between the blood vessel and the probe, wherein the fixing member is used to fix the probe.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned fixing element includes an interface of the first medium and the second medium, wherein the angle between the interface and the blood vessel is not 0 degrees.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the first medium and the second sound resistance of the blood vessel.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the probe and the second sound resistance of the blood vessel.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned step of using the probe to detect blood vessels to generate detection signals includes: sending a first ultrasonic signal through the probe; receiving a second ultrasonic signal corresponding to the first ultrasonic signal through the probe. an ultrasonic signal; converting the second ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal; and demodulating the electrical signal to generate a detection signal.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the aforementioned blood vessel is an artificial blood vessel.

Based on the above, the present disclosure can provide a user-portable system that can be worn on the user's wrist. The system can detect the user's blood vessel status and determine whether the blood vessel has been blocked. In this way, the user can be effectively prevented from being harmed due to blood vessel blockage.

In order to make the content of the present disclosure easier to understand, the following specific embodiments are taken as examples in which the present disclosure can indeed be implemented. In addition, wherever possible, elements/components/steps using the same reference numerals in the drawings and embodiments represent the same or similar parts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 10 for detecting vascular occlusion according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The system 10 may include a processor 110 , a storage medium 120 , a transceiver 130 and a probe 140 .

The processor 110 is, for example, a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), or other programmable general purpose or special purpose micro control unit (micro control unit, MCU), microprocessor (microprocessor), digital signal processing Digital signal processor (DSP), programmable controller, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), graphics processing unit (graphics processing unit, GPU), image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP) ), image processing unit (image processing unit, IPU), arithmetic logic unit (arithmetic logic unit, ALU), complex programmable logic device (complex programmable logic device, CPLD), field programmable logic gate array (field programmable gate array , FPGA) or other similar components or combinations of the above components. The processor 110 can be coupled to the storage medium 120 and the transceiver 130 , and access and execute multiple modules and various application programs stored in the storage medium 120 .

The storage medium 120 is, for example, any type of fixed or removable random access memory (random access memory, RAM), read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), flash memory (flash memory) , hard disk drive (hard disk drive, HDD), solid state drive (solid state drive, SSD) or similar components or a combination of the above components, and are used to store multiple modules or various application programs executable by the processor 110 . In this embodiment, the storage medium 120 can store a plurality of modules including the data collection module 121 and the computing module 122, and their functions will be described later.

The transceiver 130 can be coupled to the probe 140 and used to control the probe 140 to transmit signals or demodulate the signals received by the probe 140 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transceiver 130 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The transceiver 130 may include a signal transmitting circuit 131 , a signal receiving circuit 132 , a signal computing circuit 133 , a demodulation circuit 134 and a recording circuit 135 .

The signal transmitting circuit 131 can be coupled to the probe 140 and transmit the first ultrasonic signal through the probe 140 . The signal receiving circuit 132 can be coupled to the probe 140 and receive the second ultrasonic signal corresponding to the first ultrasonic signal through the probe 140 .

The signal operation circuit 133 can be coupled to the signal transmitting circuit 131 , the signal receiving circuit 132 and the demodulation circuit 134 . The signal computing circuit 133 can command the signal transmitting circuit 131 to transmit the first ultrasonic signal through the probe 140 . On the other hand, the signal computing circuit 133 can receive the second ultrasonic signal from the signal receiving circuit 132 and convert the second ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal.

The demodulation circuit 134 can be coupled to the signal operation circuit 133 and the recording circuit 135 . The demodulation circuit 134 can receive the electrical signal corresponding to the second ultrasonic signal from the signal operation circuit 133, and demodulate the electrical signal to generate a demodulated signal. Specifically, the demodulation circuit 134 can demodulate the electrical signal according to the Doppler effect to generate a demodulated signal.

The recording circuit 135 can be coupled to the demodulation circuit 134 and the processor 110 . The recording circuit 135 can transmit the demodulated signal from the demodulation circuit 134 to the storage medium 120 through the processor 110 for storage.

Please refer to FIG. 1 again, the probe 140 may include a transmitting end 141 and a receiving end 142 . The probe 140 can transmit the first ultrasonic signal through the transmitting end 141 . After the first ultrasonic signal reaches the object to be detected by the system 10 (for example, the user's blood vessel), the object can reflect part or all of the first ultrasonic signal to generate a second ultrasonic signal. The probe 140 can receive the second ultrasonic signal through the receiving end 142 . The processor 110 can judge the state of the detected object through the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal.

The system 10 further includes a fixing member 200 for fixing the probe 140 (or the system 10 ) on the user's wrist (or limbs or torso, etc., the present disclosure is not limited thereto). FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating an aspect of the fixing element 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A , assuming that the system 10 is used to detect whether the user's blood vessel 20 is blocked, the probe 140 can be fixed on the skin 25 covering the blood vessel 20 by the fixture 200, so that the fixture 200 is arranged between the blood vessel 20 and the probe. 140 on the signal transmission path, wherein the signal transmission path is the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal or the second ultrasonic signal.

In this embodiment, the fixture 200 may include an interface 210 between the medium of the fixture 200 and the medium of the probe 140 , wherein the angle θ between the interface 210 and the blood vessel 20 is not 0 degrees. In another embodiment, the included angle θ is less than 90 degrees. In other words, the interface 210 can be disposed on the skin 25 obliquely, and the interface 210 cannot be parallel to the blood vessel 20 , as shown in FIG. 3A . The medium of the fixture 200 can be in contact with the skin 25 covering the blood vessel 20 , and the sound resistance of the medium of the fixture 200 is between that of the probe 140 and that of the blood vessel 20 (or the skin 25 ). More specifically, the sound resistance of the probe 140 corresponds to a sound velocity of about 2500 m/s and the sound resistance of the blood vessel 20 corresponds to a sound speed of about 1540 m/s, and the sound resistance of the medium of the fixture 200 corresponds to a sound speed of About between 1540 m/s and 2500 m/s. In other words, the acoustic resistance of the blood vessel 20 is greater than that of the medium of the fixture 200 , and the acoustic resistance of the medium of the fixture 200 is greater than that of the probe 140 .

FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating another aspect of the fixing element 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the fixing member 200 may be composed of two kinds of media, wherein the two kinds of media are respectively the medium 310 and the medium 320 . The interface 300 is located between the medium 310 and the medium 320 , and the angle θ between the interface 300 and the blood vessel 20 is not 0 degrees. In another embodiment, the included angle θ is less than 90 degrees. In other words, the interface 300 can be disposed on the skin 25 obliquely, and the interface 300 cannot be parallel to the blood vessel 20 , as shown in FIG. 3B . The medium 310 of the fixture 200 may be in contact with the skin 25 covering the blood vessel 20 , and the medium 320 of the fixture 200 may be in contact with the probe 140 . The acoustic resistance of the medium 310 is between that of the medium 320 and that of the blood vessel 20 (or the skin 25 ). More specifically, the acoustic resistance of the blood vessel 20 is greater than that of the medium 310 , and the acoustic resistance of the medium 310 is greater than that of the medium 320 .

After the user wears the probe 140 on the wrist, the data collection module 121 can detect the blood vessel 20 through the probe 140 before the blood vessel 20 is blocked to generate a reference signal corresponding to the initial state of the blood vessel 20 . The data collection module 121 can generate a reference signal according to the first ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic signal based on the Doppler effect. The reference signal will be used as a basis for the processor 110 to judge the state of the blood vessel 20 . If the difference between the detection signal detected by the probe 140 and the reference signal is too large, the processor 110 can determine that the blood vessel 20 may have been blocked.

…(1)After generating the reference signal, the computing module 122 can perform Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum. Taking FIG. 4 as an example, FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a reference signal 400 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The calculation module 122 can be divided into a plurality of Hamming windows (hamming windows) 410 according to the direction of the time axis to perform Fourier transform on the reference signal 400 . There are overlapping regions between adjacent Hamming windows. In this embodiment, each Hamming window 410 may include 256 sampling points, and there is an overlap of 192 sampling points between adjacent Hamming windows, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The calculation module 122 can perform Fourier transform on the reference signal according to the following equation (1) to generate a reference power spectrum, wherein p is the reference power, f is the frequency, W is the function of the Hamming window, and X is the reference signal function, Δt is the sampling time of the reference signal and m is the size of the Hamming window (or the number of sampling points). In this embodiment, m is equal to 256.

…(1)

The calculation module 122 can perform Fourier transform on the reference signal 400 according to the equation (1) to generate the reference power spectrum 500 as shown in FIG. 5 . FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a reference power spectrum 500 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. After the reference power spectrum 500 is generated, the computing module 122 can further convert the reference power spectrum 500 into a corresponding reference time spectrum (spectrogram, or spectral waterfall), voiceprint (voiceprint) or voicegram (voicegram) Wait). The calculation module 122 can store the reference time spectrum corresponding to the reference power spectrum 500 in the storage medium 120 .

When the user wears the probe 140 on the wrist, the probe 140 can continuously detect the state of the blood vessel 20 of the user. In one embodiment, the blood vessel 20 is, for example, an artificial blood vessel. Specifically, the data collection module 121 can detect the blood vessel 20 through the probe 140 to generate a detection signal. The data collection module 121 can generate a detection signal according to the detection result of the probe 140 based on the Doppler effect. After the detection signal is generated, the computing module 122 can perform Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate a detection power spectrum. The process of generating the detection power spectrum according to the detection signal is similar to the process of generating the reference power spectrum according to the reference signal, so it will not be repeated here.

After the detection power spectrum is generated, the calculation module 122 can further convert the detection power spectrum into a corresponding detection time spectrum. The computing module 122 can store the detection time spectrum corresponding to the detection power spectrum in the storage medium 120 .

…(2)After the detection time spectrum is generated, the computing module 122 can determine the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum, and judge whether the blood vessel 20 is blocked according to the similarity. Specifically, the computing module 122 can respectively convert the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum into a first binarized image and a second binarized image, and the first binarized image and the second binarized image Executes an exclusive or operation to produce a result. After the calculation result is generated, the calculation module 122 can determine the similarity according to the global maximum value of the calculation result. If the global maximum value of the calculation result is higher, it means that the similarity between the first binarized image corresponding to the reference signal and the second binarized image corresponding to the detection signal is higher. The operation module 122 can perform exclusive OR operation on the first binarized image and the second binarized image according to the following equation (2), wherein z is the similarity, a is the first binarized image The value of a point in the second binarized image (a can be equal to 0 or 1), b is the value of a point in the second binarized image (b can be equal to 0 or 1), L1 is the length of the first binarized image and L2 is the second The length of the binarized image.

…(2)

The computing module 122 can determine that the blood vessel 20 is not blocked in response to the similarity between the first binary image and the second binary image being greater than a specific threshold, and determine that the blood vessel 20 is not blocked in response to the similarity being less than or equal to the specific threshold. 20 blocking. The size of the threshold can be adjusted according to usage requirements.

Taking Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 as an example, Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a first binarized image 610, a second binarized image 620 and a similarity curve 630 when the blood vessel 20 is not blocked according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a first binarized image 710 , a second binarized image 720 and a similarity curve 730 when the blood vessel 20 is blocked according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the operation module 122 can perform exclusive OR operations on the first binarized image 610 and the second binarized image 620 according to equation (2), thereby generating a corresponding to the first binarized image 610 The similarity curve 630 of the similarity with the second binarized image 620 . The computing module 122 may determine that the blood vessel 20 is not blocked in response to the global maximum value 631 of the similarity curve 630 being greater than a threshold. On the other hand, the computing module 122 can perform a mutually exclusive OR operation on the first binarized image 710 and the second binarized image 720 according to equation (2), so as to generate Similarity curve 730 of similarity between binarized images 720 . The computing module 122 can determine that the blood vessel 20 is blocked in response to the global maximum value 731 of the similarity curve 730 being less than or equal to a threshold.

FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a method for detecting vascular obstruction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the method can be implemented by the system 10 shown in FIG. 1 . In step S801 , the blood vessel 20 is detected by the probe 140 to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel 20 is blocked, wherein the probe 140 is used for transmitting or receiving ultrasound. In step S802, the blood vessel 20 is detected by the probe 140 to generate a detection signal. In step S803, perform Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum, and perform Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate a detection power spectrum. In step S804, the reference power spectrum is converted into a reference time spectrum, and the detection power spectrum is converted into a detection time spectrum. In step S805, the similarity between the frequency spectrum at the reference time and the frequency spectrum at the detection time is judged. In step S806, it is determined whether the blood vessel 20 is blocked according to the similarity.

To sum up, the present disclosure can provide a user-portable system that can be worn on the user's wrist. The fixing part can fix the probe on the user's skin. When the user wears the system for the first time, the system can use ultrasound to detect the state of the user's blood vessels before they are blocked, as a reference signal. Through Fourier transform and binarization, the system can visualize the status of blood vessels. When the system detects that the state of the user's blood vessel does not match the reference signal through the image, the system can determine that the user's blood vessel has been blocked. The system can prompt the user to go to the hospital for examination through the external output device. In this way, the user can be effectively prevented from being harmed due to blood vessel blockage.

10: System 110: Processor 120: storage media 121: Data collection module 122: Operation module 130: Transceiver 131: Signal transmitting circuit 132: Signal receiving circuit 133: Signal operation circuit 134: Demodulation circuit 135: recording circuit 140: probe 141:Transmitter 142: Receiver 20: blood vessels 25: skin 200: Fixing parts 210, 300: interface 310, 320: medium 400: Reference signal 410: Hamming window 500: Reference power spectrum 610, 710: the first binarized image 620, 720: the second binarized image 630, 730: similarity curve 631, 731: global maximum value S801, S802, S803, S804, S805, S806: steps z: similarity θ: included angle

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting vascular occlusion according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating an aspect of a fixing element according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating another aspect of the fixing element according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of reference signals according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reference power spectrum according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a first binary image, a second binary image and a similarity curve when a blood vessel is not blocked according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a first binary image, a second binary image and a similarity curve when a blood vessel is blocked according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting vascular obstruction according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

S801, S802, S803, S804, S805, S806: steps

Claims (18)

A system for detecting vascular occlusion, comprising: a probe, used to transmit or receive ultrasound; a transceiver, coupled to the probe; a storage medium, storing multiple modules; and a processor, coupled to the storage medium and the The transceiver, and access and execute the plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules include: a data collection module, which detects the blood vessel through the probe to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel is blocked, And use the probe to detect the blood vessel to generate a detection signal; and a computing module that performs Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum, and performs the Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate a detection signal Measure the power spectrum, convert the reference power spectrum into a reference time spectrum, convert the detection power spectrum into a detection time spectrum, judge the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum, and according to the The similarity determines whether the blood vessel is blocked, wherein the calculation module converts the reference time spectrum into a first binarized image, and converts the detection time spectrum into a second binarized image. A mutually exclusive OR operation is performed on the first binarized image and the second binarized image to generate an operation result, and the similarity is determined according to a global maximum value of the operation result. The system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the calculation module judges that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity being greater than a threshold, and judges that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity being less than or equal to the threshold Said vascular occlusion. The system as described in claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the calculation module performs the Fourier transform on the reference signal or the detection signal according to a Hamming window. The system as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application further includes: a fixing part arranged on the signal transmission path between the blood vessel and the probe, wherein the fixing part is used to fix the probe. The system according to claim 4, wherein the fixing member includes an interface between the first medium and the second medium, wherein the angle between the interface and the blood vessel is not 0 degrees. The system according to claim 5 of the patent application, wherein the second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance and the first sound resistance of the first medium Between the second sound resistance of the blood vessel. The system according to claim 5 of the patent application, wherein the second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the probe and the first sound resistance of the probe. Between the second sound resistance of blood vessels. The system as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the transceiver includes: a signal transmitting circuit, coupled to the probe and sending a first ultrasonic signal through the probe; The signal receiving circuit is coupled to the probe and receives the second ultrasonic signal corresponding to the first ultrasonic signal through the probe; the signal operation circuit is coupled to the signal transmitting circuit and the signal receiving circuit, Wherein the signal operation circuit instructs the signal transmitting circuit to send the first ultrasonic signal and convert the second ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal; the demodulation circuit is coupled to the signal operation circuit, wherein the A demodulation circuit demodulates the electrical signal to generate one of the reference signal and the detection signal; and a recording circuit, coupled to the demodulation circuit and the processor, wherein the recording circuit One of the reference signal and the detection signal is stored in the storage medium by the processor. The system described in claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the blood vessel is an artificial blood vessel. A method for detecting blood vessel blockage, comprising: detecting the blood vessel with a probe to generate a reference signal before the blood vessel is blocked, wherein the probe is used to transmit or receive ultrasonic waves; detecting the blood vessel with the probe to generate a detection signal; performing Fourier transform on the reference signal to generate a reference power spectrum, and performing the Fourier transform on the detection signal to generate a detection power spectrum; transforming the reference power spectrum into a reference time spectrum , and converting the detection power spectrum into a detection time spectrum; judging the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum; and Judging whether the blood vessel is blocked according to the similarity, wherein the step of judging the similarity between the reference time spectrum and the detection time spectrum includes: converting the reference time spectrum into a first binarized image; converting the detected frequency spectrum into a second binarized image; performing a mutually exclusive OR operation on the first binarized image and the second binarized image to generate an operation result; and The maximum value is used to judge the similarity. The method described in item 10 of the patent application, wherein the step of judging whether the blood vessel is blocked according to the similarity includes: judging that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity being greater than a threshold; and judging that the blood vessel is not blocked in response to the similarity If the degree is less than or equal to the threshold, it is judged that the blood vessel is blocked. The method according to claim 10, wherein the Fourier transform is performed on the reference signal to generate the reference power spectrum, and the Fourier transform is performed on the detection signal to generate the detection power The spectral step includes: performing the Fourier transform on the reference signal or the detection signal according to a Hamming window. The method described in claim 10 of the patent application further includes: disposing a fixing member on the signal transmission path between the blood vessel and the probe, wherein the fixing member is used to fix the probe. The method described in claim 13 of the patent application, wherein the fixing member includes an interface of a first medium and a second medium, wherein the angle between the interface and the blood vessel is not 0 degrees. The method according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance and the first sound resistance of the first medium Between the second sound resistance of the blood vessel. The method described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second medium is in contact with the skin covering the blood vessel, and the sound resistance of the second medium is between the first sound resistance of the probe and the first sound resistance of the probe. Between the second sound resistance of blood vessels. The method described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of detecting the blood vessel through the probe to generate the detection signal includes: sending a first ultrasonic signal through the probe; receiving a second ultrasonic signal corresponding to the first ultrasonic signal; converting the second ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal; and demodulating the electrical signal to generate the detection signal. The method described in claim 10 of the patent application, wherein the blood vessel is an artificial blood vessel.

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