TWI784226B - A methode for measuring height of skin basal cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to a methode for measuring the height of a skin basal cell, comprising the following steps: providing a non-invasive microscopy device for shooting a picture of at least one skin basal cell of skin to be tested, including a laser source for emitting laser light with pulsed laser and an image processing element for processing image signals; converging the laser light to the skin to be tested via the image processing element and obtaining 2D images; utilizing the image processing element to stack the 2D images; labelling the first appearing 2D image of the at least one basal cell as a first layer; labelling the just disappearing 2D image of the at least one basal cell as a last layer; and multiplying the stacking number of the stacking images between the first layer and the last layer with a preset distance between two stacking images via calculation, thereby obtaining the height of the at least one basal cell for assessing of a skin pigmentation patient to be cured.

Description

A method for measuring the height of skin basal cells with

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the height of skin basal cells. By measuring the height of basal cells with skin diseases and comparing the height of normal cells, the identification and analysis of pathological features can be obtained.

Pigmentation disorders, including sunburn, cheekbone spots, etc., are skin diseases with a high prevalence rate, and they are more likely to occur on the face and hands. For Caucasian elderly women, the incidence rate of sunburn on the face is as high as 90%, and for Asian elderly women, the incidence rate is as high as 70%. The most common treatment method is laser speckle removal surgery, but after a certain period of time after the speckle removal is completed, almost all surgical patients will relapse. Since the facial pigment spot disease is not life-threatening, the pathological research on this disease is not complete, and there is no pathological evaluation of the efficacy of laser facial treatment to understand the cause of recurrence after surgery. Facing the huge medical and beauty market demands, a microscopic pathological grade image that can provide high penetration, high resolution, and quantification under the skin without removing tissue and causing facial skin damage is urgently needed. of.

The purpose of this invention is to refine the frequency doubling microscopy developed in the past, and provide an image analysis method for the height of skin basal cells, so as to have more flexible orientation operation, image resolution and stability, Synchronize and integrate the three-dimensional face recognition diagnosis with the doctor's clinic, and become a customized image processing environment, providing quantitative pathological information such as melanin molecules, skin cells, and tissues.

Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a standard compatible with the medical digital image transmission protocol. Through dermatological clinical experiments, this method should be applied to the identification and analysis of the pathological features of sunburn and zygomatic mother spot, and long-term tracking The changes of the lesions after surgery are used to evaluate the curative effect before and after treatment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an advanced method of optical virtual sectioning in vivo, so that comprehensive non-invasive scanning and long-term monitoring of diseased areas can be performed clinically, and it is helpful to improve the classification of clinical diseases and provide instant diagnosis guidelines Make decisions and engage in urgently needed pathological evaluations before and after treatment.

With the image analysis method of basal cell height of the present invention, through the statistical results of clinical experiments, it is found that the basal cell height of the sunburned area is higher than that of normal skin, which has a statistically significant difference. And after the laser speckle removal surgery, the height of basal cells in the sunburn area decreased, which can represent a better treatment effect. Generally speaking, based on intuition, it is believed that the closer to the normal skin state, the better the treatment effect.

The method for measuring the height of skin basal cells according to the present invention includes: providing a non-invasive microscope device for photographing at least one skin basal cell of the skin to be measured, including: a laser beam for emitting pulsed laser light A laser light source, and an image processing component for processing image signals; the laser light is focused on each of the at least one skin basal cell of the skin to be tested through the image processing component, and a two-dimensional image; use the image processing component to stack and image each of the two-dimensional images; mark the two-dimensional stacked image of each of the at least one basal cell that has just begun to appear as the first layer; and mark the image of each of the at least one basal cell that has just disappeared mark denoted as the last layer; and calculating the stacking number of the two-dimensional stacked images between the first layer and the last layer of each of the at least one basal cell, and multiplying it by a preset distance between the two stacked images, to Obtaining the height of the at least one basal cell for therapeutic evaluation of skin pigmented disorders, wherein the two-dimensional stacked images of each of the skin basal cells are sequential from the at least one skin basal cell along the optical axis of the non-invasive microscope device The two-dimensional stacked image is from the skin epidermis to the skin dermis direction, that is, the surface (enface) direction, a basal cell is randomly selected for height analysis, and wherein each of the at least one basal cell appears between each of the first layer and the last layer Cavities in basal cell nuclei.

100,200‧‧‧Non-invasive microscopic device

110,210‧‧‧laser light source

120,230‧‧‧Image processing components

130,240‧‧‧basal cells

220‧‧‧Controlling components

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of upright basal cells measured in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing that the measured basal cells in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells according to the present invention are inclined.

Fig. 3(a) shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a non-invasive microscope device used in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells according to the present invention.

Fig. 3(b) shows a block diagram of another embodiment of a non-invasive microscope device used in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows the images of skin basal cells obtained by frequency doubling microscopy in the present invention.

According to the skin base analysis method of the present invention, the schematic diagram of the upright basal cell as shown in Figure 1, and the schematic diagram of the inclined basal cell shown in Figure 2, it is a basal cell in Schematic diagram of images in the direction of the surface (enface) at different depths. The image of the basal cells just beginning to appear is the 2D image of (1), and the image of the basal cells just disappearing is the 2D image of (3). (2) There will be holes in the basal cell nucleus, so the distance between these two 2D images is called "basal cell height".

3( a ) and 3 ( b ) respectively show structural block diagrams of different embodiments of non-invasive microscopic devices used in the method for measuring skin basal cells according to the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention includes: providing a non-invasive microscope device 100 for photographing at least one skin basal cell of the skin to be tested, as shown in Fig. 3 As shown, it includes: a laser light source 110 for emitting laser light with a pulsed laser, and an image processing component 120 for processing image signals; Each of the at least one skin basal cell 130 of the skin, and use the image processing component to obtain a two-dimensional image; use the image processing component to stack each of the two-dimensional images; The two-dimensional image (as shown in Fig. 1 and (1) of Fig. 2) is marked as the first layer (also the (b) layer of an embodiment shown in Fig. 4); Marked as the last layer (as shown in Figure 1 and (3) of Figure 2 and (f) layer of Figure 4); and: refer to the image of skin basal cells obtained by frequency doubling microscopy as shown in Figure 4 , calculate the stacking number of the two-dimensional stacked images between the first layer and the last layer of each of the at least one basal cell (that is, the (b) layer to the (f) layer shown in the embodiment of Figure 4, there are 4 layers in between ), and multiply it by a preset distance between two stacked images or adjacent images (the distance between these two stacked images or adjacent images is the same, in one embodiment, the distance setting 1.8 microns), to obtain the height of the at least one basal cell (1.8 (micron) × 4=7.2 (micron) in the embodiment of this case), for the treatment evaluation of skin pigment diseases, wherein two of the skin basal cells dimensional stacked image system along the non-invasive The optical axis of the type microscope device, from the continuous two-dimensional stacked image of the at least one skin basal cell from the skin epidermis to the skin dermis direction, that is, the direction of the surface (en face), randomly select a basal cell for height analysis, And wherein there is a cavity of each of the at least one basal cell nucleus between the first layer and the last layer (as shown in FIG. 1 and (2) of FIG. 2 ).

In the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention, the non-invasive microscope device 100 used in conjunction with it can be a reflection confocal microscope (RCM), a two-photon excitation fluorescence microscope (TPEF), a frequency-doubled microscope (HGM), or Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

In addition, as shown in Figure 3, in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention, the non-invasive microscopic device 200 of another different embodiment includes a laser light source 210 and an image processing component 230 to obtain The basal cells 240 take images, which may further include a regulating component 220, which is arranged between the laser light source 210 and the image processing component 230, to regulate the pulse width, intensity and path of the laser light, including: a double chirp Chirp mirror, a first lens group, a surface subtraction film, a light guide arm, a mirror, a two-dimensional image scanner, a second lens group, a beam splitter and a three-axis micro-control platform, and wherein the The image processing component includes a convex lens, a beam splitter, two optical filters, two photomultiplier tubes and a computer. The images captured by the non-invasive microscope device with such a structure can be frequency-doubled and/or frequency-tripled images.

In the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention, one embodiment is: the maximum diameter of the at least one basal cell in the enface direction is about 10 microns, and the length and width of each image are greater than 10 microns, And the whole image must cover at least one basal cell. In addition, the lateral resolution of the two-dimensional non-invasive microscope device is less than 5 microns. In addition, the height of the basal cells is about 20 microns, and the Z-axis resolution of the non-invasive microscope device is less than 10 microns.

Also, the method used in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention The Z-axis separation of the non-invasive microscope device is less than 10 microns. Furthermore, in the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells of the present invention, the at least one basal cell is plural, and the height of the basal cell is the average value of the plurality of basal cells. In one embodiment, the plurality of basal cells are distributed in a nine-square grid.

Claims (7)

A method for measuring the height of skin basal cells, comprising: providing a non-invasive microscope device for photographing at least one skin basal cell of the skin to be measured, including: a laser light source for emitting laser light with pulsed laser , and an image processing component for processing image signals; the laser light is focused on each of the at least one skin basal cell of the skin to be tested through the image processing component, and a two-dimensional image is obtained by using the image processing component; The image processing component stacks and images each of the two-dimensional images; marks each of the two-dimensional images of the at least one basal cell just beginning to appear as the first layer; marks each of the images of the at least one basal cell just disappearing as the last layer and calculating the stacking number of two-dimensional stacked images between the first layer and the last layer of each of the at least one basal cell, and multiplying it by a preset distance between the two stacked images to obtain the at least one Height of basal cells for treatment assessment of skin pigmented disorders, wherein the two-dimensional stacked images of each of the skin basal cells are obtained from the consecutive two-dimensional images of the at least one skin basal cell along the optical axis of the non-invasive microscope device Stack images from the skin epidermis to the skin dermis direction, that is, the surface (enface) direction, randomly select a basal cell for height analysis, wherein the maximum diameter of the at least one basal cell in the enface direction is about 10 microns, and each image is a The length and width of the entire image are greater than 10 microns, and the entire image must cover at least one basal cell, and there is a cavity of the at least one basal cell nucleus between the first layer and the last layer, and the basal cell reflects The main cause of sunburn and its important pathological feature, and wherein the at least one basal cell is plural, and the height of the basal cell is the average value of the plural basal cells. Such as the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells in item 1 of the patent application, wherein the non-invasive microscope device is a reflective confocal microscope (RCM), two-photon excitation fluorescence microscope (TPEF), and frequency-doubled microscope (HGM) , or optical coherence tomography (OCT). For example, the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells in item 1 of the scope of the patent application further includes a control component arranged between the laser light source and the image processing component to control the pulse width, intensity and path of the laser light , including: a pair of chirped mirrors, a first lens group, a table subtractor, a light guide arm, a mirror, a two-dimensional image scanner, a second lens group, a beam splitter and a three-axis micro Control platform, and wherein the image processing component includes a convex lens, a beam splitter, two optical filters, two photomultiplier tubes and a computer. For example, the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells in claim 1, wherein the lateral resolution of the two-dimensional non-invasive microscope device is less than 5 microns. For example, the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells in claim 1, wherein the height of the basal cells is about 20 microns, and the Z-axis resolution of the non-invasive microscope device is less than 10 microns. The method for measuring the height of skin basal cells as claimed in item 1 of the patent application, wherein the Z-axis interval of the non-invasive microscope device is less than 10 microns. Such as the method for measuring the height of skin basal cells in item 1 of the patent application, wherein the plurality of basal cells are distributed in a nine-square grid.

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