TWI775107B - Kit and method for isolating mitochondria and use of protection solution for isolating mitochondria from cell and maintaining the activity of mitochondria - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a kit for isolating mitochondria and a method for isolating mitochondria. The kit includes an extraction tube, a protection solution, and a suction needle. The extraction tube is used to contain cells. The protection solution is used to mix with the cells in the extraction tube to form a mixture solution. The suction needle is used to suck the mixture solution back and forth.

Description

Kit and method for isolating mitochondria and use of extracting protective solution for isolating mitochondria from cells and maintaining mitochondrial activity

The present invention relates to kits and methods for isolating mitochondria.

Mitochondrion is one of the important organelles in cells. In addition to being the provider of energy (ATP), mitochondria are also important regulators of oxidative stress, apoptosis, intercellular communication and signal transmission. In recent years, many international journals have confirmed that mitochondria have an inseparable relationship with aging and disease formation (Bratic et al., 2013). Some international research teams have pointed out that it is possible to repair cell or tissue damage by transplanting mitochondria (Pacak et al., 2015; Cowanet al., 2017).

Therefore, how to quickly obtain mitochondria and maintain the function and activity of mitochondria is one of the current development directions.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a kit for isolating mitochondria and a method for isolating mitochondria, which can efficiently isolate mitochondria from cells in a simple and convenient manner.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a kit for separating mitochondria, comprising: an extraction tube body for containing cells; an extraction protection solution for mixing with cells in the extraction tube body to form a mixed solution; and a suction needle , used to aspirate the mixed solution back and forth.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for separating mitochondria, comprising: mixing cells and an extraction protection solution to form a mixed solution, and the permeability of the extraction protection solution is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L; rubbing the cells in the mixed solution to make the cells The cell membrane is damaged, so as to help the extraction protection solution enter the cell and destroy the cell membrane of the cell; centrifuge the mixed solution; and collect the supernatant containing mitochondria obtained after the mixed solution is centrifuged.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a set for separating mitochondria and a method for separating mitochondria. With the needle for suction and the extraction protection solution in the set, during the process of friction between cells and the needle for suction and during extraction With the help of the protective solution, the cell membrane is damaged, and this way of destroying the cell membrane will not damage the mitochondria, so the mitochondria can be isolated from the cells in a simple and convenient way, and the isolated mitochondria can be maintain good functionality.

1, 2: Kit for separating mitochondria

11, 21: Extraction tube

12, 22: Extraction protection solution

13, 23: Needle for suction

24: Stopper

25: Balance tube

26: Take the cells with a needle

27: Needle for collecting mitochondria

131, 231, 261, 271: connection end

132, 232, 262, 272: tip

S: Syringe

S11~S14, S21~S28: Steps

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a kit for separating mitochondria according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use of the kit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a kit for separating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is an analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency with different needle lengths and different suction times.

Figure 7 is the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency with different cell numbers and different volumes of extraction protection solution.

Figure 8 is an analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency for different resting times.

Figure 9 is an analysis of mitochondrial function for the isolation of mitochondria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using extract protection solutions of sodium chloride with different osmolarities.

FIG. 10 is an analysis of the mitochondrial extraction efficiency for the isolation of mitochondria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride with different osmolarities.

Figure 11 is a mitochondrial function analysis of mitochondria isolated from adipose stem cells using extractive protection solutions containing sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol at different osmolarities.

Figure 12 is an analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency for the isolation of mitochondria from adipose stem cells using extraction protection solutions containing sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol with different osmolarities.

Figure 13 shows the mitochondrial function analysis of mitochondria isolated from adipose stem cells using the extract protection solution containing different components and the osmolarity of all being 42.8 mOsm/L.

The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following embodiments, the content of which is sufficient to enable any person skilled in the relevant art to understand the technical content of the present invention and implement accordingly, and according to the content disclosed in this specification, the scope of the patent application and the drawings , any person skilled in the related art can easily understand the related objects and advantages of the present invention. The following examples further illustrate the point of the present invention in detail, but do not limit the scope of the present invention in any point of view.

The embodiments and examples of the present invention provide a kit for isolating mitochondria, a method for isolating mitochondria, and an extraction protective solution for isolating and protecting mitochondria from cells.

First, the kit for separating mitochondria according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a kit for separating mitochondria according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The set 1 for separating mitochondria according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a tube body 11 for extraction, an extraction protection solution 12 and a needle 13 for suction.

The extraction tube body 11 is usually a round tube body. The extraction tube 11 has a closed bottom end and an opening, and is used to hold cells and various solutions. A cell is a cell with mitochondria. In this embodiment, the extraction tube body 11 is a circular tube body, but it is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the extraction tube body can be any shape tube body, as long as it is a tube body acceptable to a centrifuge.

The extraction protection solution 12 is used to mix with the cells in the extraction tube body 11 to form a mixed solution. In this embodiment, the osmolarity of the extraction protection solution 12 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the extraction protection solution can be a common organelle that can preserve or maintain cells active buffer. In this embodiment, the extraction protection liquid 12 is contained in a container different from the extraction pipe body 11 , but it is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the extraction protection liquid can also be contained in the extraction tube body. In this way, during the operation of separating mitochondria, cells can be directly added to the extraction protection solution in the extraction tube to form a mixed solution.

The suction needle 13 has a connecting end 131 and a tip 132 . The connecting end 131 is used to connect to the syringe. The tip 132 is used to aspirate or inject the solution. The mixed solution containing the cells and the extraction protection solution 12 in the extraction tube 11 is sucked back and forth by the suction needle 13, and the cells in the mixed solution will rub back and forth with the inner wall of the needle in the suction needle 13 to make the cell membrane. rupture, releasing the mitochondria. In this embodiment, the length of the suction needle 13 matches the length of the extraction tube 11 , which is 70 mm, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the length of the suction needle can also be 15 mm. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the suction needle 13 is 0.337 mm, but it is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the inner diameter of the suction needle 13 may also be between 0.318 mm and 0.356 mm.

In this embodiment, the extraction tube 11 , the extraction protection solution 12 and the suction needle 13 are all sterile, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, sterilization can also be performed before use.

Next, a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use of the kit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, a plurality of cells are mixed with the extraction protection solution in the extraction tube body 11 to form a mixed solution, and the osmosis of the extraction protection solution is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L ( S11 ). Specifically, other needles, pipettes or pouring methods can be used to add the cells and the extraction protection solution 12 into the extraction tube body 11 to form a mixed solution. The order of adding the cells and the extraction protection solution 12 is not limited. The cells may be peripheral blood monocytes or stem cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells Peripheral blood can be stratified in any known manner and the desired mononuclear cells can be removed. In this embodiment, the extraction protection solution 12 is a hypotonic solution, the osmoticity is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L, and the extraction protection solution 12 can treat about 1×10 ⁶ to 5×10 ⁶ cells per 1 ml, But not limited to this. In this embodiment, the cells and the extraction protection solution 12 are mixed in the extraction tube, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, the cells and the extraction protection solution can also be mixed in a container other than the extraction tube body before being added to the extraction tube body.

Next, the cells in the mixed solution are rubbed to damage the cell membranes of the cells, so as to help the extraction protection solution enter the cells and destroy the cell membranes of the cells ( S12 ). In detail, the mixed solution in the extraction tube body 11 is sucked back and forth using the suction needle 13 and the syringe S. As shown in FIG. 3 , the mixed solution in the extraction tube body 11 is sucked back and forth several times by using the suction needle 13 , for example, at least five times. In this way, the cells in the mixed solution will rub back and forth with the inner wall of the needle in the suction needle 13 to damage the cell membrane, so that the extraction protection solution enters the cell from the damaged cell membrane and destroys the cell membrane, thereby releasing mitochondria. body.

Next, the mixed solution is centrifuged (S13). Specifically, the mixed solution after being sucked back and forth by the suction needle 13 is centrifuged at 1500 to 2500 rpm for 5 to 15 minutes. The cell debris was separated from the mitochondrial supernatant by centrifugation.

Finally, the supernatant containing mitochondria obtained by centrifuging the mixed solution is collected (S14). In detail, the supernatant containing the mitochondria can be collected by a needle, a pipette or a pouring method, so as to achieve the purpose of separating the mitochondria.

Next, a kit for isolating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of a kit for separating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and only the differences will be described below. The set 2 for separating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention not only includes an extraction tube 21 , an extraction protection solution 22 , and a suction needle 23 , but also includes a stopper 24 , a balance tube 25 , and a cell for collecting cells. Needle 26 and needle 27 for collecting mitochondria. For the description of the extraction tube 21 , the extraction protection solution 22 and the suction needle 23 in the second embodiment, please refer to the description of the extraction tube 11 , the extraction protection solution 12 and the suction needle 13 in the first embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

The size of the plug 24 corresponds to the size of the opening of the extraction tube 21 , and the plug 24 is used to seal the extraction tube 21 to prevent the solution in the extraction tube 21 from being polluted by the outside. In this embodiment, the stopper 24 is a rubber stopper, which can maintain the sealing performance of the extraction tube body 21 after puncturing with a needle, but it is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, instead of having a stopper, the extraction tube may be closed with a lid.

The weight of the balance pipe 25 is equal to the weight of the extraction pipe body 21 . The balance tube 25 is used to maintain the balance when the tube body 21 for extraction is centrifuged. In detail, when the extraction tube body 21 is sealed with the stopper 24, the balance tube 25 may also have a stopper or a cover of the same weight as the stopper 24 to maintain balance during centrifugation. When the extraction tube body 21 is installed inside When there is a solution, an equal weight solution can also be added to the balance tube 25 to maintain balance during centrifugation. In other embodiments, the balance tube may be the same tube body as the extraction tube body, or may not have the balance tube, as long as the turntable in the centrifuge is balanced during centrifugation.

The needle 26 for collecting cells has a connecting end 261 and a tip 262 . The connecting end 261 is used to connect to the syringe. Tip 262 is used to aspirate or inject solutions. The needle 26 for collecting cells is used to inject the solution containing cells into the extraction tube 21 . The length and diameter of the cell collection needle 26 may be the same as or different from the length and diameter of the suction needle 23 . In other embodiments, instead of having a needle for harvesting cells, a pipette may be used to inject the solution into the extraction tube.

The needle 27 for collecting mitochondria has a connecting end 271 and a tip 272 . The connecting end 271 is used to connect to the syringe. Tip 272 is used to aspirate or inject solutions. The mitochondrial collection needle 27 is used to collect the supernatant containing the mitochondria. The length and diameter of the needle 27 for collecting mitochondria may be the same as or different from the length and diameter of the needle 23 for suction. In other embodiments, instead of having a needle for collecting mitochondria, a pipette can be used to collect the supernatant.

Next, a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Please refer to Figure 5. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for isolating mitochondria using the kit of the second embodiment of the present invention.

First, a solution containing cells is injected into the extraction tube 21 using the cell collection needle 26 (S21). Specifically, the cell-containing solution is injected into the extraction tube body 21 covered with the stopper 24 using the cell collection needle 26 . cells can be Peripheral blood mononuclear cells or stem cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells Peripheral blood can be stratified in any conventional manner, and the desired mononuclear cells can be removed with the cell harvesting needle 26 . Here, instead of using the aspiration needle 23, the cell collection needle 26 is used to inject the solution containing cells, so that contamination of the extraction protection solution 22 in contact with the aspiration needle 23 can be avoided.

Next, the solution is centrifuged (S22). In detail, liquid is added to the balance tube 25 to make it equal in weight to the extraction tube body 21 containing the cells, and the extraction tube body 21 containing the cell solution and the balance tube 25 are centrifuged at 1000 to 1500 rpm in a centrifuge for 5 By 10 minutes, the cell solution was allowed to separate into a cell-free supernatant and a cell-containing pellet.

Next, the cell-free supernatant after centrifugation of the solution is removed, leaving cells (S23). Specifically, the cell-free supernatant was removed using the needle 26 for taking cells to leave the cells in the tube body 21 for extraction. Further removal of the cell-free supernatant can increase the concentration of cells in the extraction tube 11, and at the same time prevent the subsequent addition of the extraction protection solution 12 from being diluted by other liquids, thereby reducing the extraction efficiency. Here, instead of using the aspiration needle 23, the supernatant is removed by using the cell collection needle 26, so that contamination of the extraction protection solution 22 in contact with the aspiration needle 23 can be avoided.

Next, the cells and the extraction protection solution 22 are mixed in the extraction tube body 21 to form a mixed solution, and the osmosis of the extraction protection solution is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L ( S24 ). In detail, an appropriate amount of the extraction protection solution 22 is sucked and added to the extraction tube body 21 containing the cells by using a suction needle 23 to form a mixed solution. In this embodiment, the extraction protection solution 22 is a hypotonic solution, and the permeability is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the extraction protection solution can be a common buffer that can preserve organelles or maintain organelle activity. In this embodiment, the extraction protection solution 22 can process about 1×10 ⁶ to 5×10 ⁶ cells per 1 ml.

Next, the mixed solution in the extraction tube body 21 is sucked back and forth using the suction needle 23 and the syringe S (S25). In detail, as shown in FIG. 3 , the mixed solution in the extraction tube body 21 is sucked back and forth several times using the suction needle 23 , for example, at least five times. In this way, the cells in the mixed solution will rub back and forth with the inner wall of the needle in the suction needle 23 to damage the cell membrane, so that the extraction protection solution enters the cell from the damaged cell membrane and destroys the cell membrane, thereby releasing the mitochondria. body.

Next, let the mixed solution stand for at least five minutes (S26). In detail, the mixed solution is placed in a stable place for at least five minutes, but not limited thereto. Resting allows the hypotonic extract to have enough time to diffuse to help rupture the damaged cells, thereby helping to release the mitochondria.

Next, the mixed solution is centrifuged (S27). In detail, liquid is added to the balance tube 25 to make it equal in weight to the extraction tube body 21 containing the mixed solution, and then the extraction tube body 21 and the balance tube 25 containing the mixed solution are put into the centrifuge after standing. Centrifuge at 1500 to 2500 rpm for 5 to 15 minutes. The cell debris was separated from the mitochondrial supernatant by centrifugation.

Finally, the mitochondrial-containing supernatant obtained by centrifuging the mixed solution is collected using the needle 27 for collecting mitochondria ( S28 ). Specifically, the mitochondrial-containing supernatant obtained by centrifuging the mixed solution is collected using the needle 27 for collecting mitochondria, thereby separating mitochondria and cell debris from the mixed solution. Here, no suction is used Instead of using the needle 23 for collecting mitochondria, the supernatant containing the mitochondria is collected by using the needle 27 for collecting mitochondria, which can prevent the suction needle 23 that has been in contact with the extraction protection solution and the mixed solution from coming into contact with the upper surface containing the mitochondria again. contamination caused by the liquid.

The following Experiments 1 to 5 illustrate the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency using the kit of the second embodiment of the present invention and the method for isolating mitochondria of the present invention, and the results of mitochondrial extraction from cells.

Specifically, the cells or adipose stem cells of the mononuclear cell layer are collected using a needle for cell collection, and the cells are transferred to the extraction tube, wherein 8 to 20 ml of peripheral blood is drawn from the vein of the mononuclear cell layer and the Obtained by centrifugation at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes to stratify the blood. The extraction tube was centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, the cells were pelleted and the supernatant was removed using a cell harvesting needle. Add 1 to 2 ml of the extraction protection solution to the extraction tube containing cells using a suction needle, form a mixed solution in the extraction tube, and use the suction needle to aspirate back and forth several times. The mixed solution was allowed to stand for at least five minutes, and then the mixed solution was centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes to separate the mitochondria and cell debris in the mixed solution. The mitochondrial-containing supernatant was obtained by centrifuging the mixed solution using a needle for collecting mitochondria. The extraction protection solution used in the experiment was a sodium chloride solution with an osmotic density of 42.8 mOsm/L.

Mitochondrial extraction efficiency analysis was obtained by cell image counter. When cells are damaged, mitochondria will be released. Therefore, the number of damaged cells is calculated by using a cell image counter, and then the ratio of the number of damaged cells to the original total number of cells is calculated. This ratio is defined as the mitochondrial extraction efficiency. .

Mitochondrial function analysis is performed by measuring changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. To judge the quality of mitochondrial function. TMRE (tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester) is a positively charged fluorescent dye that aggregates on active mitochondria, so TMRE can be used to label healthy mitochondria. When the mitochondrial activity is low or depolarized, the membrane potential of the mitochondria decreases, resulting in the inability of TMRE to be retained on the mitochondria. FCCP (Carbonylcyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone) is an ionophore that can cross the inner mitochondrial membrane, and will combine with protons to destroy the synthesis of ATP and cause the membrane potential to change. FCCP can be used to eliminate the mitochondrial membrane potential, so it is often used as a control for mitochondrial deactivation or depolarization. By TMRE and FCCP staining, the fluorescence intensity was analyzed to obtain the change of mitochondrial membrane potential, which was used as the basis for judging mitochondrial function. The supernatant treated with TMRE can be detected by flow cytometry, and the proportion of functional mitochondria in all particles in the supernatant can be analyzed according to TMRE labeling.

Mitochondrial quality assays were performed using the Pierce ^™ BCA Protein Assay Kit. For detailed operation method, please refer to the user guide of this kit. This measurement system uses bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the standard, the concentration of BSA stock solution is 2 μg/mL (μg/mL); Reagent A (colorless) and Reagent B (blue) of Pierce ^TM BCA Protein Assay Kit The working reagent is formulated in a ratio of 50:1. Please refer to Table 1 for the preparation of standards. The measurement was performed at a wavelength of 562 nm using a spectrophotometer, and the mass of mitochondria in the sample was estimated based on the standard curve. In Table 1, the blank test is used to deduct the background value; the mitochondria-containing sample is the supernatant containing mitochondria after the mitochondrial extraction.

〔experiment one〕

Experiment 1 is the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency of mixed solution with different times of back-and-forth suction with different lengths of suction needles. In this experiment according to the method for separating mitochondria of the second embodiment of the present invention, each experimental group contained 1×10 ⁶ mononuclear cells respectively; the volume of the extraction protection solution was 1 ml; the standing time was 5 minutes. In addition, the long needle is a 23G (inner diameter 0.337mm) needle with a length of 70mm; the short needle is a 23G (inner diameter 0.337mm) needle with a length of 15mm; the back and forth suction times are 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 times respectively . The experimental results are shown in Fig. 6, which is the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency with different needle lengths and different suction times.

Since the cells in the mixed solution will rub and collide with the inner wall of the needle, the cell membrane will be damaged and the mitochondria will be released. Therefore, the longer the length of the suction needle and the more times of suction, it means that the path of the cell is also affected by friction. The longer it is, the more friction and collision it is subjected to, which can help improve the efficiency of breaking cell membranes. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, Too few suction times will result in poor mitochondrial extraction efficiency. Increasing the number of suctions can improve the mitochondrial extraction efficiency, but too many suction times will not help the mitochondrial extraction efficiency much. Moreover, under the same number of suctions, the extraction efficiency of the long needle was better than that of the short needle. According to the results of this experiment, even if a short needle is used and the number of back and forth suction is 5 times, about 50% of the mitochondrial extraction efficiency can still be obtained; when a long needle is used and the number of back and forth suction is 15 times, nearly 100% of the mitochondria can be obtained. Body extraction efficiency.

[Experiment 2]

The second experiment used different volumes of extraction protection solution to analyze the mitochondrial extraction efficiency of different cell numbers. In this experiment, a 23G (inner diameter of 0.337 mm) and a 70 mm long suction needle was used in this experiment according to the method for separating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention; the number of back and forth suction was 15 times; The volume of the protective solution is 1 ml; the standing time is 5 minutes. In addition, each experimental group contained 1 × 10 ⁶ or 1 × 10 ⁷ mononuclear cells, respectively; the volume of the extraction protection solution was 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 ml, respectively. The experimental results are shown in Figure 7, which is the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency with different cell numbers and different volumes of extraction protection solution.

It can be seen from Figure 7 that when the number of cells is 1 × 10 ⁶ , the extraction protection solution volume is 1 ml, and the mitochondrial extraction efficiency is better; when the number of cells is 1 × 10 ⁷ , the extraction efficiency is better. The best mitochondrial extraction efficiency was obtained when the volume of the protective solution was 2 ml. According to the results of this experiment, the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride with an osmotic degree of 42.8mOsm/L can treat about 1×10 ⁶ to 5×10 ⁶ cells per 1 ml, and within this range, it can reach more than 80% of the cells. Thread extraction efficiency.

[Experiment 3]

Analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency of three lines of experiment after back-and-forth suction and standing for different equilibration time. In this experiment carried out according to the method for isolating mitochondria in the kit of the second embodiment of the present invention, each experimental group contained 1×10 ⁶ mononuclear cells respectively; The number of times of back-and-forth suction is 15 times; the volume of extraction protection solution is 1 ml. In addition, the equilibration time for standing was 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes, respectively. The experimental results are shown in Fig. 8, which is the analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency for different resting times.

Standing still allows the hypotonic extract protection solution to have enough time to diffuse and help the damaged cells to rupture, so it can help improve the efficiency of destroying cell membranes. As shown in FIG. 8 , after the mixed solution was pumped back and forth, the mixed solution that was left for several minutes had better extraction efficiency of mitochondria than the mixed solution that was not left to stand. According to the results of this experiment, if the mixed solution is allowed to stand for at least five minutes, the mitochondrial extraction efficiency of more than 80% can be obtained, and there will be no significant change after standing for a longer time.

[Experiment 4]

Experiment 4. Mitochondria were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The number of mononuclear cells in the blood is about 2.5×10 ⁶ (equivalent to about 8 ml of peripheral blood); the extraction protection solution is a sodium chloride solution with an osmolarity of 42.8mOsm/L, and the volume is 1 ml; The suction needle was a 23G (inner diameter 0.337 mm) long needle with a length of 70 mm; the number of back-and-forth suction was 15 times; the resting time was 5 minutes. The experimental results are shown in Table 2, 8.30 micrograms of mitochondria can be isolated from 2.5×10 ⁶ peripheral blood mononuclear cells; the proportion of functional mitochondria to all particles in the supernatant (in the table) referred to as purity) was 48.55%.

[Experiment 5]

Experiment 5. Mitochondria were isolated from adipose stem cells. The number of adipose stem cells is about 5×10 ⁶ ; the extraction protection solution is a sodium chloride solution with an osmotic degree of 42.8mOsm/L, and the volume is 1 ml; the suction needle is 23G (inner diameter 0.337 mm), length 70 10 mm long needle; 15 back-and-forth aspirations; 5 minutes resting time. The experimental results are shown in Table 2. From 5×10 ⁶ adipose stem cells, 10.97 micrograms of mitochondria can be isolated; the proportion of functional mitochondria to all particles in the supernatant (referred to as purity in the table) was 39.68%.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a set for separating mitochondria and a method for separating mitochondria. With the needle for suction and the extraction protection solution in the set, during the friction between cells and the needle for suction, and The cell membrane is damaged with the help of the extraction protective solution, and the way of damaging the cell membrane is less damaging to the mitochondria, so the mitochondria can be efficiently separated from the cells in a simple and convenient way, and the separated particles The line body can maintain good function.

Next, the extraction protection solution in the set for separating mitochondria according to the embodiment of the present invention will be further described.

Extraction protection solution is an extract used to separate and protect mitochondria from cells Taking the protection solution, the osmolarity of the extraction protection solution can be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L. In some embodiments, the permeability of the extraction protection solution may be 42.8 mOsm/L to 220 mOsm/L. In another part of the embodiments, the osmosis of the extraction protection solution may be 42.8 mOsm/L to 113 mOsm/L. In some embodiments, the extraction protection solution may contain sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol. In some embodiments, the extraction protection solution may include sodium chloride and glucose, wherein the weight ratio of sodium chloride and glucose is 1:0.06 to 1:2560. In another embodiment, the extraction protection solution may include sodium chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of sodium chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 1:0.015 to 1:133. In yet another embodiment, the extraction protection solution may comprise glucose and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of glucose and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 1:0.0007 to 1:22. In some embodiments, the solute of the extraction protection solution is only composed of sodium chloride and glucose, and no other solutes are added. In another part of the embodiments, the solute of the extraction protection solution is only composed of sodium chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and no other solutes are added. In another part of the embodiments, the solute of the extraction protection solution is only composed of glucose and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and no other solutes are added.

The composition and permeability of the extracting protection liquid of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative extracting liquid of the comparative example are described below, please refer to Table 3 and Table 4.

The following Experiments 6 to 8 illustrate the extraction and protection of mitochondria using the extraction and protection solution of the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to the kit for separating mitochondria according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the method for separating mitochondria using the same, the extraction protection solution of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative extraction solution of the comparative example are respectively used to carry out the separation of mitochondria. After separation, mitochondrial function analysis and mitochondrial extraction efficiency analysis were performed.

Specifically, first, a plurality of cells are mixed with the extraction protection solution to form a mixed solution. Specifically, a fixed number of cells (1×10 ⁶ cells) were taken, and the cell source was peripheral blood mononuclear cells or adipose stem cells, but not limited to this, and the cell source could also be any cells with mitochondria. Next, 1 ml of the protective extract solution of the embodiment of the present invention or the comparative extract solution of the comparative example was mixed with the cells to form a mixed solution.

Next, the cells in the mixed solution are rubbed to damage the cell membranes of the cells to help extract the protective solution into the cells and disrupt the cell membranes of the cells. In detail, during the process of mixing the cells and extracting the protective solution, the cell membranes of the cells were damaged by friction. Damage to the cell membrane can help extract protective fluid into the cell to accelerate cell rupture. Here, Use a long needle with a size of 23G and a length of 70 mm to aspirate the mixed solution back and forth to damage the cell membrane, but not limited to this. When the extracting protection solution of each embodiment of the present invention is used, long needles of different sizes can also be used in accordance with the requirements of the experimental equipment, or methods such as a grinder can be used to damage the cell membrane to help the extraction protection solution enter the cells and rupture the cells. .

Next, the mixed solution was centrifuged to separate the mixed solution into layers. Specifically, the mixed solution was centrifuged after standing, and the mixed solution was separated into a supernatant containing mitochondria and a pellet containing cell debris.

Next, the supernatant containing the mitochondria was collected. In detail, the mitochondrial-containing supernatant can be collected using a needle, pipette or pouring.

Finally, mitochondrial function analysis and mitochondrial extraction efficiency analysis were performed on the collected supernatant containing mitochondria.

[Experiment 6]

Experiment 6 used the extraction protection solution containing sodium chloride with different osmolarity to isolate mitochondria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and to analyze mitochondrial function and mitochondrial extraction efficiency. Please refer to Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and Table 5. Fig. 9 shows the mitochondrial function analysis of mitochondria isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride with different osmolarity. Analysis of mitochondrial extraction efficiency of osmotic sodium chloride extraction protection solution to isolate mitochondria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In Fig. 10, # represents a significant difference (P<0.05) compared to the comparative example with a permeability of 520 mOsm/L, and * represents a significant difference (P<0.05) compared to the comparative example with a permeability of 1025 mOsm/L. It can be seen from Figure 9 and Table 5 that the use permeability is greater than 0 And the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride less than or equal to 220mOsm/L to separate mitochondria can maintain good function of mitochondria, and the function of mitochondria is more than 10%. As can be seen from Figure 10 and Table 5, using the extraction protection liquid of sodium chloride whose permeability is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria, good extraction efficiency can be obtained, and the extraction efficiency is all greater than 50%. On the whole, using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride with a permeability greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells can maintain the function of mitochondria (more than 10%). Under the premise, good extraction efficiency (greater than 50%) can be obtained at the same time.

[Experiment 7]

In the seventh experiment, an extraction protection solution containing sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol with different osmolarities was used to isolate mitochondria from adipose stem cells and conduct mitochondrial function analysis. Please refer to Figure 11, Figure 12 and Table 6. Figure 11 shows the extraction using sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol with different osmolarities Mitochondrial function analysis of mitochondria isolated from adipose stem cells using protective solution Mitochondrial extraction efficiency analysis. In Figure 11 and Figure 12, # indicates that there is a significant difference compared to the comparative example with a permeability of 520 mOsm/L (P<0.05), and * indicates a significant difference compared to the comparative example with a permeability of 1025 mOsm/L (P<0.05). 0.05). As can be seen from Figure 11 and Table 6, using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol with an osmolarity greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria can maintain mitochondria. Good function, mitochondrial function is greater than 10%. As can be seen from Figure 12 and Table 6, using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride whose permeability is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria, good extraction efficiency can be obtained, and the extraction efficiency is all greater than 50%. On the whole, using the extraction protection solution of sodium chloride, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or mannitol with an osmolarity greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria from adipose stem cells can maintain mitochondrial function. (greater than 10%), while obtaining good extraction efficiency (greater than 50%).

[Experiment 8]

In the eighth experiment, the extraction protection solution containing different components and the permeability of all 42.8mOsm/L was used to separate mitochondria from adipose stem cells for mitochondrial function analysis. Please refer to FIG. 13 and Table 7. FIG. 13 shows the mitochondrial function analysis of mitochondria isolated from adipose stem cells using the extract protection solution containing different components and the osmolarity of 42.8 mOsm/L. It can be seen from Figure 13 and Table 7 that when the permeability is 42.8 mOsm/L, the extractions of Example 1, Example 4, and Example 7 respectively containing sodium chloride, glucose, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate as a single component were used. The protective solution separates mitochondria from adipose stem cells, which can maintain good mitochondrial function, and the mitochondrial function is greater than 10%. In addition, using the extraction protection solution of Example 13, Example 14, and Example 15 in which sodium chloride, glucose, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate are combined with each other is used to separate mitochondria from adipose stem cells, which can make mitochondria The body maintains better and better function, and the mitochondrial function is greater than 15%.

From the above experimental results, it can be seen that using a hypotonic solution will have better extraction efficiency than using a hypertonic solution. In addition, it was confirmed from the above experiments that using an extraction protection solution with a permeability greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L to separate mitochondria can achieve good extraction efficiency while maintaining mitochondrial function. Furthermore, it was confirmed from the above experiments that when the permeability was 42.8 mOsm/L, using the extraction protection solution containing sodium chloride, glucose, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate in combination with each other to separate mitochondria, the obtained mitochondria were obtained. The body has better mitochondrial function. In different experiments, the difference of the numerical value is due to the experimental error when the experimental batch is carried out, and the above-mentioned difference of the numerical value is all within the acceptable error range in the art.

The embodiment of the present invention provides an extraction protection solution for separating and protecting mitochondria from cells. When the cell membrane is damaged, for example, when the cell membrane is damaged by friction by sucking back and forth with a long needle, the permeability of the extraction protection solution is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L, so that the permeability of the cells in the extraction protection solution can be increased. With help, it is easy to rupture and release the mitochondria. This method of assisting the destruction of the cell membrane is less likely to damage the mitochondria, so the mitochondria can be isolated from the cells efficiently in a simple and convenient way, and more importantly, The isolated mitochondria were able to maintain good function.

Although the present invention is disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention belong to the scope of patent protection of the present invention. For the protection scope defined by the present invention, please refer to the attached patent application scope.

S21~S28: Steps

Claims (8)

A kit for separating mitochondria, comprising: an extraction tube body for containing a plurality of cells; an extraction protection solution for mixing with the cells in the extraction tube body to form a mixed solution, the extraction The permeability of the protection solution is greater than or equal to 42.8mOsm/L and less than or equal to 220mOsm/L; Use needles with an inner diameter of 0.318 mm to 0.356 mm. A method for separating mitochondria, comprising: mixing a plurality of cells and an extraction protection solution to form a mixed solution, the extraction protection solution having a permeability of 42.8mOsm/L or more and less than or equal to 220mOsm/L; A needle sucks the mixed solution back and forth to rub the cells in the mixed solution to damage the cell membranes of the cells, so as to help the extraction protection solution enter the cells and destroy the cell membranes of the cells, the suction is performed with a needle The length is more than 15 mm, the inner diameter of the suction needle is 0.318 mm to 0.356 mm; the mixed solution is centrifuged; and the supernatant containing the mitochondria obtained after the mixed solution is centrifuged is collected. The method of claim 2, wherein before the step of mixing the cells and the extraction protection solution to form the mixed solution, further comprising: injecting a solution containing the cells into a tube for extraction using a needle for collecting cells in the body; centrifuging the solution; and removing the centrifuged supernatant of the solution free of the cells, leaving the cells. The method according to claim 2, wherein collecting the mitochondrial-containing supernatant obtained after centrifuging the mixed solution is performed using a needle for collecting mitochondria. The method of claim 2, wherein in the step of mixing the cells and the extraction protection solution to form the mixed solution, the ratio of the volume of the extraction protection solution to the cell number of the cells is 5×10 ⁶ per milliliter less than one cell. The method of claim 2, wherein when the length of the suction needle is 70 mm, the number of times of suctioning the mixed solution back and forth is at least five times. The method of claim 2, wherein after the step of using the suction needle to suck the mixed solution back and forth, the method further comprises allowing the mixed solution to stand for an equilibration time, and the equilibration time is at least five minutes. An extraction protection solution is used for separating mitochondria from cells and maintaining mitochondrial activity, wherein the permeability of the extraction protection solution is greater than or equal to 42.8 mOsm/L and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L.

Images