TWI774522B - 內燃機油品改良錠劑 - Google Patents

內燃機油品改良錠劑 Download PDF

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TWI774522B
TWI774522B TW110130712A TW110130712A TWI774522B TW I774522 B TWI774522 B TW I774522B TW 110130712 A TW110130712 A TW 110130712A TW 110130712 A TW110130712 A TW 110130712A TW I774522 B TWI774522 B TW I774522B
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陳文祥
黃清耀
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Abstract

一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,該內燃機油品改良錠劑的成份的重量百分 比是棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯20~40%、月桂酸5%、松香10~20%、硬脂酸10~15%、茨酮20~50%、龍腦4%、二氧化鈦1%,其中棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯為助燃劑佔20~40%,月桂酸為潤滑劑及清潔劑佔5%,松香為分散劑及催化劑佔10~20%,硬脂酸為有機脂肪酸是合成酯的合成劑佔10~15%,茨酮為有機酯的昇華劑佔20~50%,龍腦為有機的揮發劑佔4%,二氧化鈦為有毒物質分解劑佔1%。本發明的組成物質穩定、取得容易、安全而且無毒,不產生二次污染,且可以提高汽、柴油燃燒效率增加熱能、節省燃油15%以上,且加入本發明微量即達效果。

Description

內燃機油品改良錠劑
本發明涉及一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,尤其涉及一種環保節能配方,乾燥錠劑狀態製作,有別於危險液態油精,方便穩定好保存,用於改善汽、柴油燃燒的性質,滿足更好的經濟性和更清潔的環保性能。
傳統市售錠劑係以介面活性劑等化學合成製劑作主劑,以提高辛烷值及活性為目的,該等化學合成製劑大都成份不明,且具某種程度的毒性或腐蝕性,在未達效果前,發動機(引擎)等設備恐先受其害,而其使用的硝酸酯磷酸或二茂鐵及金屬鐵離子、……等載體與汽、柴油等燃料並不完全相容。再如中國發明專利授權公告號第CN 103074127 B號省油錠配方中加入二茂鐵,且二茂鐵的主要作用是做火箭速燃劑,雖然是好的辛烷值提升劑,但燃燒過後會變成氧化鐵,就會附著在引擎室內,致使引擎室壁的溫度急速升高並且超出設計值,很容易造成散熱不及時,易傷引擎的內部,導致油路或噴嘴阻塞,且很難清除生成的鐵離子讓發動機運轉不順的嚴重副作用,且各國規定成品油標準中嚴禁加鐵等金屬離子。由此可見,中國發明專利授權公告號第CN 103074127 B號省油錠配方中加入二茂鐵具有上述的種種缺點。
因此,有必要研究一種達強力、省油、減污目的的內燃機油品改良錠劑,以解決現有技術中存在的問題。
本發明的目的在於提出一種內燃機汽、柴油添加改良配方以達強力、省油、減污目的的高級錠劑,有機成份混合後打成錠劑,每錠劑約2~3克,適用於40~50公升汽、柴油,為有機純植物有機環保科技產品,其與傳統市售錠劑(或添加劑)本質上截然不同的內燃機油品改良錠劑。
根據上述目的,本發明提供一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,該內燃機油品改良錠劑的成份的重量百分比是棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯20~40%、月桂酸5%、松香10~20%、硬脂酸10~15%、茨酮20~50%、龍腦4%、二氧化鈦1%,其中棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯為助燃劑佔20~40%,月桂酸為潤滑劑及清潔劑佔5%,松香為分散劑及催化劑佔10~20%,硬脂酸為有機脂肪酸是合成酯的合成劑佔10~15%,茨酮為有機酯的昇華劑佔20~50%,龍腦為有機的揮發劑佔4%,二氧化鈦為有毒物質分解劑佔1%。
本發明透過上述技術可達到具有下列特點:
本發明該內燃機油品改良錠劑,是一種植物性配方係以有機純植物性經濟實惠取得容易、安全而且無毒性,不產生二次污染,不傷引擎、加入後能與汽、柴油完全相容,易於迅速溶解且不生任何沉積物。
以下配合所附的圖示,詳加說明本發明的結構如何組合、使用,應當更容易瞭解本發明的目的、技術內容、特點及其所達成的功效。
本發明提供一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,該內燃機油品改良錠劑的成份的重量百分比是棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯20~40%、月桂酸5%、松香10~20%、硬脂酸10~15%、茨酮20~50%、龍腦4%、二氧化鈦1%,其中棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯為助燃劑佔20~40%,月桂酸為潤滑劑及清潔劑佔5%,松香為分散劑及催化劑佔10~20%,硬脂酸為有機脂肪酸是合成酯的合成劑佔10~15%,茨酮為有機酯的昇華劑佔20~50%,龍腦為有機的揮發劑佔4%,二氧化鈦為有毒物質分解劑佔1%。本發明的組成物質穩定、取得容易、安全而且無毒,不產生二次污染,且可以提高汽、柴油燃燒效率增加熱能、節省燃油15%以上,且加入本發明微量即達效果。例如:表一權威定點定速檢驗結果,其中表一的單位是指重量百分比,表二重型堆高機試驗數據。
Figure 110130712-A0305-02-0004-1
Figure 110130712-A0305-02-0005-5
本發明是一種環保節能配方,乾燥錠劑狀態製作,有別於危險液態油精,方便穩定好保存、用於改善汽、柴油燃燒的性質,滿足更好的經濟性和更清潔的環保性能。例如:表三排放測試結果。
【表三】
Figure 110130712-A0305-02-0006-3
再來是提高汽油的辛烷值,柴油的十六烷值,增加潤滑促進燃燒。例如:表四SGs檢驗數據。
Figure 110130712-A0305-02-0006-4
松香經茨酮及龍腦的昇華轉換,本身碳素與燃油相近能將其分子迅速分割更細小分子,倍增可燃表面積,使其分子鍵動能增高,容易於燃燒過程中裂解為較小的次元自由基,並可以增高與氧氣充分均勻混合燃燒的機會,其易燃度也被大幅度提昇,達成完全燃燒效果。
月桂酸十二烷酸是潤滑劑抗腐蝕等多種功能。尤其成品油無鉛去硫化物後,月桂酸十二烷酸是最佳替代物。
在密閉燃燒室增加易燃性、加入合適的酯是必要的。而棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯是固體,容易製作成品,是最好的選擇。
松香為易揮發易燃燒且易溶解於汽、柴油中,是好的分散劑,茨酮是松節油昇華後成樟腦,在燃油中最易昇華揮發,且易製成錠劑。松香油經昇華成樟腦後成有機酸,再加硬脂酸(為脂肪酸)兩者易成酯是內燃機最佳助燃劑。
硬脂酸廣泛存在於動、植物的油脂中,屬於飽和脂肪酸。它們的優點是價廉,有一定的去污性能,也有節油效果。
二氧化鈦,為無機成份,具有優異的化學穩定性,經量子催化後可以明顯對氮氧化物、芳烴和醛類的分解。
龍腦為有機的揮發劑,一是提高汽油的辛烷值;二是催化有機酸與脂肪醇生成酯,促進燃燒。
棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯其主要成份為棕櫚酸與十六醇生成的酯,天然存在於動物和植物的白色蠟狀結晶物質。
分子式是C32H64O2
沸點:507.0±18.0℃at760mmHg
熔點:55-56℃(lit.)
月桂酸(Lauric acid),又稱為十二烷酸,是一種飽和脂肪酸,用來製取十二烷酸的天然植物油有:椰子油、山蒼子核仁油、棕櫚核仁油及山胡椒仁油等。其他植物中,如棕仁油、擦樹籽油、樟樹籽油等也可製取十二烷酸。
分子式是C12H24O2
熔點:43.8℃(317K)
沸點:297.9℃(571K)
茨酮是以松節油為原料,經一系列化學反應而成的白色粉末狀晶體,它是一種易燃的萜烯酮類化合物。性狀無色或白色晶體,顆粒狀或易破碎的塊狀,有刺激性芳香味,室溫下慢慢地揮發。
分子式是C10H16O
熔點:179.75℃
沸點:204℃
溶解性:微溶於水,溶於乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、二硫化碳、溶劑石腦油及揮發或不揮發的油類。
龍腦,是由菊科艾納香莖葉或樟科植物龍腦樟枝葉經水蒸汽蒸餾並重結晶而得。
化學式是C10H18O
分子量:54.25
熔點:208℃
沸點:213℃
二氧化鈦,為無機成份,具有優異的化學穩定性,可以明顯對氮氧化物、芳烴和醛類的分解。
分子式是TiO2
熔點:1,843℃
沸點:2,972℃
松香是松樹科植物中的一種油樹松脂,松香可從世界各地類似松樹的樹種中獲得主要成份。分為“脂松香”、“木松香”、“浮油松香”3種。
化學式是C19H29COOH
熔點:110~135℃
沸點:300℃(0.67kPa)
本發明涉及一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,含有以下重量百分比組成為棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯20~40%、月桂酸十二烷酸為潤滑劑及清潔劑佔5%、茨酮20~50%、松香為分散劑及催化劑佔10~20%、硬脂酸10~15%為有機脂肪酸是合成酯的合成劑、茨酮20~50%有機酯的昇華劑、龍腦4%為有機的揮發劑,二氧化鈦1%為無機成份,具有優異的化學穩定性,良好分散性,並且無毒、消除車輛排放物中的氮氧化物。混合均勻,打錠成顆粒,即為固態燃油添加劑。本發明所述固態燃油添加劑,以最少的添加劑量,能夠有效的減少尾氣排放有害物質,從而有助於降低油耗,提升發動機性能,提高油門反應速度,增加動力輸出。根據以上配方物質特性,擬定燃油改良配方,例如:表五(其中表五的配方是指重量百分比)。
Figure 110130712-A0305-02-0009-6
本發明內燃機燃油改良錠劑理論上若能有效加強控制燃燒的時機,就可以大大提高燃油的熱燃效率。經過加入松香經茨酮及龍腦的昇華轉換,本身碳素與燃油相近能將其分子迅速分割更細小分子,倍增可燃表面積,達成完全燃燒效果。故有節油以及減低二氧化碳排放的功效。由於燃油內含熱能被轉移成有效作用而相對地降低廢氣的熱耗部分,因而不會提高廢氣的溫度,也勢將壓抑氮化物NOX的產生。另一方面經過加棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯的燃油較能迅速且均勻地燃燒,可以避免過氧化氫H2O2的過渡性產品的產生。過氧化氫是引起發動機爆震的主因之一,此相當於加入棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯可以提昇汽油辛烷值或提高柴油速燃的十六烷值。
惟前述者僅為本發明的較佳實施例,其目的在使熟習該項技藝者能夠瞭解本發明的內容而據以實施,並非用來限定本發明實施的範圍。故舉凡依本發明申請範圍所述的形狀、構造及特徵所為的均等變化或修飾,均應包括在本發明的申請專利範圍內。

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  1. 一種內燃機油品改良錠劑,該內燃機油品改良錠劑的成份的重量百分比是棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯20~40%、月桂酸5%、松香10~20%、硬脂酸10~15%、茨酮20~50%、龍腦4%、二氧化鈦1%,其中棕櫚酸正十六烷基酯為助燃劑佔20~40%,月桂酸為潤滑劑及清潔劑佔5%,松香為分散劑及催化劑佔10~20%,硬脂酸為有機脂肪酸是合成酯的合成劑佔10~15%,茨酮為有機酯的昇華劑佔20~50%,龍腦為有機的揮發劑佔4%,二氧化鈦為有毒物質分解劑佔1%。
TW110130712A 2021-08-19 2021-08-19 內燃機油品改良錠劑 TWI774522B (zh)

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