TWI774343B - Circuitry within router or switch and frame processing method applied to router or switch - Google Patents

Circuitry within router or switch and frame processing method applied to router or switch Download PDF

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TWI774343B
TWI774343B TW110115226A TW110115226A TWI774343B TW I774343 B TWI774343 B TW I774343B TW 110115226 A TW110115226 A TW 110115226A TW 110115226 A TW110115226 A TW 110115226A TW I774343 B TWI774343 B TW I774343B
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frame
stream
type
priority
circuit
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TW110115226A
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TW202143688A (en
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洪崇耕
林詠焜
陳志清
曾達欽
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瑞昱半導體股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H04L12/4645—Details on frame tagging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/60—Router architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/30—Routing of multiclass traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2425—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
    • H04L47/2433—Allocation of priorities to traffic types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2441—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/32—Flow control; Congestion control by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
    • H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
    • H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
    • H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/30—Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a circuitry within a router or a switch, in which the circuitry includes a priority decision circuitry and a per-stream filtering and policing circuitry. The priority decision circuitry is configured to determine a priority of a frame received from a port of the router or the switch. The per-stream filtering and policing circuitry is configured to classify the frame, wherein if the frame is determined as a first-type frame, the per-stream filtering and policing circuitry forwards the frame; if the frame is determined as the third-type frame, the per-stream filtering and policing circuitry discards the frame; and if the frame is determined as the second-type frame, the per-stream filtering and policing circuitry changes the priority of the frame, and the per-stream filtering and policing circuitry forwards the frame with the changed priority.

Description

位在路由器或交換機內的電路以及應用於路由器或交換機的 訊框處理方法 Circuits located within a router or switch and applied to the router or switch frame processing method

本案係有關於位在一路由器或一交換機內的逐一串流過濾及管理(per-stream filtering and policing)機制。 This case concerns a per-stream filtering and policing mechanism within a router or a switch.

交換機具有優先等級判斷電路，優先等級判斷電路依據例如虛擬本地區域網路(virtual local area network,VLAN)標籤的優先等級代碼點(priority code point,PCP)、網際網路協議(Internet Protocol,IP)的差分服務代碼點(differentiated services code point,DSCP)、基於連接埠的配置(port-based configuration)等訊框的訊息來判斷該訊框的優先等級，並且依據由該優先等級判斷電路判斷的優先等級來使訊框於佇列中排隊(enqueue)，然後根據優先等級佇列(priority queue)和對應的演算法選擇要傳輸的訊框。 The switch has a priority judging circuit, and the priority judging circuit is based on, for example, a priority code point (PCP) of a virtual local area network (virtual local area network, VLAN) tag, an Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) Differentiated services code point (DSCP), port-based configuration (port-based configuration) and other frame information to determine the priority of the frame, and according to the priority determined by the priority determination circuit. The frame is enqueued in the queue according to the level, and then the frame to be transmitted is selected according to the priority queue (priority queue) and the corresponding algorithm.

IEEE 802.1Qci標準定義了逐一串流過濾和管理機制，所述機制包含訊框過濾器(frame filter)、串流閘(stream gate)及流量計(flow meter)，其中訊框過濾器會識別訊框並為訊框分配串流閘和流量計，然後串流閘依據網路的共用時間(common time)訊息以分配訊框優先等級，流量計將訊框分為綠色訊框、黃色訊框 或紅色訊框，然後流量計將依據訊框的顏色採取措施，將綠色訊框轉發到輸出埠，丟棄紅色訊框，流量計可用以丟棄黃色訊框或標記VLAN標籤中的可丟掉指標(drop eligible indicator,DEI)欄位。然而，在所述標準僅依據時間訊息來確定訊框優先等級，並且流量計在更改訊框優先等級方面不具靈活性，因此，若因網路因素或其他因素導致訊框的資料傳輸率(data rate)暫時超過所承諾的頻寬(committed bandwidth)，則具有相同優先等級的其他訊框的流量可能會受到影響，並使系統的訊框處理變得更加複雜。 The IEEE 802.1Qci standard defines stream-by-stream filtering and management mechanisms, including frame filters, stream gates, and flow meters, where frame filters identify Frame and assign the stream gate and flow meter to the frame, and then the flow gate assigns the frame priority according to the common time information of the network, and the flow meter divides the frame into green frames and yellow frames. or red frame, then the flowmeter will take action according to the color of the frame, forward the green frame to the output port, drop the red frame, the flowmeter can use to drop the yellow frame or tag the drop-out indicator in the VLAN tag (drop eligible indicator, DEI) field. However, in the standard only time information is used to determine the frame priority, and the flow meter is not flexible in changing the frame priority, therefore, if the data transfer rate of the frame is rate) temporarily exceeds the committed bandwidth, the traffic of other frames with the same priority may be affected, and the frame processing of the system becomes more complicated.

因此，本案的目的之一在於提出位於一交換機內的電路，可用以依據頻寬的流量來改變訊框的優先等級，以解決先前技術中所述的問題。 Therefore, one of the objectives of the present application is to propose a circuit in a switch, which can be used to change the priority level of the frame according to the traffic of the bandwidth, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

本案的一實施例揭露了一種在一路由器或一交換機內的電路，電路包含一優先等級判斷電路以及一逐一串流過濾及管理電路。優先等級判斷電路用以判斷從路由器或交換機的一連接埠接收一訊框的優先等級，逐一串流過濾及管理電路耦接至優先等級判斷電路，並用以將訊框分類為一第一類訊框、一第二類訊框或一第三類訊框，其中若訊框被分類為第一類訊框，則逐一串流過濾及管理電路將訊框轉發至一優先等級至資料流映射電路以使訊框於佇列中排隊；若訊框被分類為第三類訊框，則逐一串流過濾及管理電路丟棄訊框；以及若訊框被分類為第二類訊框，則逐一串流過濾及管理電路改變訊框的優先等級，且優先等級至資料流映射電路使用改變過的優先等級來進行映射，使訊框在對應的佇列中排隊。 An embodiment of the present application discloses a circuit in a router or a switch. The circuit includes a priority judging circuit and a stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit. The priority level judging circuit is used for judging the priority level of a frame received from a port of the router or switch, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit is coupled to the priority level judging circuit, and used for classifying the frame as a first type of information frame, a second-class frame, or a third-class frame, wherein if the frame is classified as a first-class frame, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit forwards the frame to a priority level to the stream mapping circuit so that the frames are queued in the queue; if the frame is classified as a third type of frame, the frame-by-stream filtering and management circuit discards the frame; and if the frame is classified as a second-class frame, one by one The stream filtering and management circuit changes the priority of the frame, and the priority-to-stream mapping circuit uses the changed priority for mapping, so that the frame is queued in the corresponding queue.

在本案的另一個實施例揭露了一種用於一路由器或一交換機的訊框 處理方法，方法包含：判斷從路由器或交換機的一連接埠接收的一訊框的優先等級；將訊框分類為一第一類訊框、一第二類訊框或一第三類訊框；若訊框被判斷為第一類訊框，則轉發訊框使訊框於佇列中排隊；若訊框被判斷為第三類訊框，則丟棄訊框；以及若訊框被判斷為第二類訊框，則改變訊框的優先等級，且將優先等級已改變的訊框轉發以使訊框於佇列中排隊。 Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a frame for a router or a switch A processing method, the method comprises: judging the priority level of a frame received from a connection port of a router or a switch; classifying the frame into a first type frame, a second type frame or a third type frame; If the frame is judged to be the first type of frame, the frame is forwarded to queue the frame in the queue; if the frame is judged to be the third type of frame, the frame is discarded; and if the frame is judged to be the first type of frame For the second type of frame, the priority of the frame is changed, and the frame whose priority has been changed is forwarded so that the frame is queued in the queue.

100:交換機 100: switch

110:優先等級判斷電路 110: Priority judging circuit

120:逐一串流過濾及管理電路 120: Stream-by-stream filtering and management circuits

130:優先等級至資料流映射電路 130: Priority to Stream Mapping Circuit

210:串流識別電路 210: Stream identification circuit

220:串流過濾器 220: Streaming Filter

230_1~230_K:串流閘 230_1~230_K: Serial gate

240_1~240_K:流量計 240_1~240_K: Flowmeter

300,302,304,306,308,310, 300,302,304,306,308,310,

312,314,316,318,320,322:步驟 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322: Steps

400:VLAN標籤 400: VLAN tag

P0~PN:連接埠 P0~PN: port

第1圖為本案一實施例之一電子裝置的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第2圖為本案一實施例之一逐一串流過濾及管理電路的示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第3圖為本案一實施例之流量計操作的流程圖。 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the flowmeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第4圖為一虛擬本地區域網路(VLAN)標籤中所具有的欄位的示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of fields in a virtual local area network (VLAN) tag.

第1圖為本案一實施例之一電子裝置的示意圖，其中該電子裝置可以是一交換機或是一路由器，以下描述是以該電子裝置為一交換機100為例。如第1圖所示，交換機100包含複數個連接埠P0~PN、一優先等級判斷電路110、一逐一串流過濾及管理電路120以及一優先等級至資料流映射(priority to traffic mapping)電路130，其中連接埠P0~PN中的每一者是用來經由乙太網路線連接到一外部電子裝置，並且該外部電子裝置可以經由交換機100與另一電子裝置進行通信。在一些實施例中，優先等級至資料流映射電路也可稱為優先等級至佇列映射(priority to queue mapping)電路。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the electronic device may be a switch or a router. The following description takes the electronic device as a switch 100 as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, the switch 100 includes a plurality of connection ports P0-PN, a priority level determination circuit 110, a one-by-one stream filtering and management circuit 120, and a priority to traffic mapping circuit 130 , wherein each of the connection ports P0 ˜PN is used to connect to an external electronic device via an Ethernet line, and the external electronic device can communicate with another electronic device via the switch 100 . In some embodiments, the priority-to-stream mapping circuit may also be referred to as a priority-to-queue mapping circuit.

在交換機100的操作中，當連接埠P0~PN中至少一部分的連接埠從該 外部電子裝置接收訊框時，優先等級判斷電路110判斷每一訊框的優先等級，逐一串流過濾及管理電路120對訊框進行分類以決定是否轉發該訊框或丟棄該訊框，其中訊框的優先等級可依據串流/流量的頻寬來改變。優先等級至資料流映射電路130將每一訊框轉發到對應的目標埠，其中，該訊框的傳輸順序是依據該訊框本身的優先等級及/或其他訊框的優先等級來決定。具體地，優先等級判斷電路110依據每一訊框的一標頭(header)中所攜帶的內部訊息以判斷每一訊框的優先等級，舉例來說，優先等級可依據基於連接埠的優先等級源(port-based priority source)、基於內部標籤的優先等級源(inner-tag-based priority source)、基於外部標籤的優先等級源(outer-tag-based priority source)、混合式優先等級源(hybrid-based priority source)和基於DSCP的優先等級源(DSCP-based priority source)來判斷。由於優先等級判斷電路110內的優先等級仲裁已為本領域具有通常知識者所熟知，故其細節在此不贅述。 In the operation of the switch 100, when at least a part of the ports P0~PN When the external electronic device receives a frame, the priority judging circuit 110 judges the priority of each frame, and the stream filtering and management circuit 120 classifies the frame one by one to determine whether to forward the frame or discard the frame, wherein the The priority of the boxes can be changed according to the bandwidth of the stream/traffic. The priority-to-stream mapping circuit 130 forwards each frame to the corresponding destination port, wherein the transmission order of the frame is determined according to the priority of the frame itself and/or the priority of other frames. Specifically, the priority level determination circuit 110 determines the priority level of each frame according to the internal information carried in a header of each frame. For example, the priority level may be based on the port-based priority level source (port-based priority source), internal tag-based priority source (inner-tag-based priority source), external tag-based priority source (outer-tag-based priority source), hybrid priority source -based priority source) and DSCP-based priority source (DSCP-based priority source). Since the priority level arbitration in the priority level determination circuit 110 is well known to those skilled in the art, the details thereof will not be repeated here.

在確定每個訊框的優先等級之後，逐一串流過濾及管理電路120接收訊框及其優先等級訊息。第2圖顯示出依據本案的一實施例的逐一串流過濾及管理電路120，其中逐一串流過濾及管理電路120包含一串流識別電路210、一串流過濾器220、複數個串流閘230_1~230_K以及複數個流量計240_1~240_K。在逐一串流過濾及管理電路120的操作期間，串流識別電路210將訊框映射至串流，詳細來說，串流識別電路210具有一對照表，該對照表的每一條目(entry)可包含一匹配規則(matching rule)、一連接埠清單(port list)以及一串流處理指標(stream handle indicator)，且該匹配規則可以是來自多個標準的一全集(universal set)，例如一資料鏈結層(第2層)的一目標位址以及一來源位址、一網路層(第3層)的一目標IP和一來源IP，以及一傳輸控制協議(transmission control protocol,TCP)/用戶資料塊協議(user datagram protocol,UDP)連接埠。串流識別電路210可以將訊框內容與該對 照表進行比較以將訊框映射到串流。串流過濾器220過濾訊框以丟棄一些不適當的訊框(大小或內容不符合規則)，並且串流過濾器220將被允許的訊框發送到對應的串流閘。詳細來說，串流過濾器220具有一對照表，該表的每一條目包含串流處理指標、訊框的優先等級、對應的串流閘、對應的流量計以及最大服務資料單元(service data unit,SDU)大小。串流過濾器220可以將訊框內容與該對照表進行比較，以判斷適用於串流的規則。串流閘230_1~230_K中的每一串流閘週期性地打開以允許串流通過，且當串流閘關閉時，串流可以被丟棄或被阻擋。另外，串流閘230_1~230_K中的每一串流閘可以為串流/訊框設置一內部優先等級值(internal priority value,IPV)，以用於指定流量類別(traffic class)而無需修改訊框內容。 After determining the priority level of each frame, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit 120 receives the frame and its priority information. FIG. 2 shows a stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit 120 according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit 120 includes a stream identification circuit 210 , a stream filter 220 , and a plurality of stream gates 230_1~230_K and a plurality of flow meters 240_1~240_K. During the operation of the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit 120, the stream identification circuit 210 maps frames to streams. In detail, the stream identification circuit 210 has a look-up table, each entry of the look-up table Can include a matching rule, a port list, and a stream handle indicator, and the matching rule can be a universal set from multiple standards, such as a A destination address and a source address at the data link layer (layer 2), a destination IP and a source IP at the network layer (layer 3), and a transmission control protocol (TCP) /User datagram protocol (UDP) port. The stream identification circuit 210 can associate the frame content with the pair Compare against a table to map frames to streams. The stream filter 220 filters frames to discard some inappropriate frames (size or content does not meet the rules), and the stream filter 220 sends the allowed frames to the corresponding stream gate. Specifically, the stream filter 220 has a look-up table, and each entry in the table includes stream processing indicators, frame priorities, corresponding stream gates, corresponding flow meters, and the maximum service data unit (service data) unit, SDU) size. Streaming filter 220 can compare the frame contents to the look-up table to determine the rules applicable to streaming. Each of the flow gates 230_1 to 230_K is periodically opened to allow the flow to pass, and when the flow gate is closed, the flow may be discarded or blocked. In addition, each of the stream gates 230_1~230_K can set an internal priority value (IPV) for the stream/frame for specifying the traffic class without modifying the information box content.

在一些實施例中，最大服務資料單元也可稱作逐一串流(per stream)最大服務資料單元。 In some embodiments, the MSU may also be referred to as a per-stream MSU.

因為本案著重於流量計240_1~240_K的操作，由於串流識別電路210、串流過濾器220以及複數個串流閘230_1~230_K的操作已為本領域具有通常知識者所熟知，故細節在此不贅述，此處省略關於串流識別電路210、串流過濾器220以及複數個串流閘230_1~230_K的詳細描述。 Because this case focuses on the operations of the flow meters 240_1 to 240_K, since the operations of the stream identification circuit 210, the stream filter 220 and the plurality of stream gates 230_1 to 230_K are well known to those skilled in the art, the details are described here. Without further description, the detailed descriptions of the stream identification circuit 210 , the stream filter 220 and the plurality of stream gates 230_1 to 230_K are omitted here.

第3圖是依據本案一實施例的流量計操作的流程圖，其中在以下描述中使用流量計240_1作為範例。在步驟300中，流程開始，並且從訊框獲得VLAN標籤(可以是內部VLAN或外部VLAN)的一DEI位元，並且將該DEI位元設置為具有一初始值。第4圖顯示出了VLAN標籤400，其中VLAN標籤具有乙太類型(Ether-type)欄位、一PCP欄位、一DEI欄位以及一VLAN識別碼(VLAN-ID)。在步 驟302中，流量計240_1執行一流量計演算法以依據交換機100的頻寬設定檔(bandwidth profile)來對訊框進行分類，例如，流量計演算法可以符合技術規範「MEF 10.3」。在步驟304中，執行該流量計演算法，並且可以將該訊框判斷為一第一類訊框、一第二類訊框或一第三類訊框，其中該第一類訊框被稱為綠色訊框用以指示頻寬小於所承諾的頻寬(例如，第一閾值諸如10Mbps)，第二類訊框稱為黃色訊框用以表示頻寬大於所承諾的頻寬(例如10Mbps)但小於一第二閾值(例如15Mbps)，第三類型為紅色訊框用以表示頻寬大於該第二個閾值(例如15Mbps)。 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of a flowmeter according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the flowmeter 240_1 is used as an example in the following description. In step 300, the flow starts and a DEI bit of a VLAN tag (which can be an inner VLAN or an outer VLAN) is obtained from the frame, and the DEI bit is set to have an initial value. FIG. 4 shows a VLAN tag 400, wherein the VLAN tag has an Ether-type field, a PCP field, a DEI field, and a VLAN-ID (VLAN-ID). in step In step 302, the flow meter 240_1 executes a flow meter algorithm to classify the frames according to the bandwidth profile of the switch 100. For example, the flow meter algorithm may conform to the technical specification "MEF 10.3". In step 304, the flow meter algorithm is executed, and the frame can be determined as a first type frame, a second type frame or a third type frame, wherein the first type frame is called A green frame is used to indicate that the bandwidth is less than the promised bandwidth (for example, the first threshold such as 10Mbps), and the second type of frame is called a yellow frame to indicate that the bandwidth is greater than the promised bandwidth (for example, 10Mbps) But less than a second threshold (eg 15Mbps), the third type is a red frame to indicate that the bandwidth is greater than the second threshold (eg 15Mbps).

在步驟304中，對該訊框進行分類後，如果判斷該訊框為綠色訊框，則流程進入步驟306；若判斷為紅色訊框，則流程進入步驟308；若判斷為黃色訊框，則流程進入步驟310。在步驟306中，將該訊框發送到優先等級至資料流映射電路130，並且在依據優先等級使該訊框於佇列中排隊之後，將該訊框發送到目標埠。在步驟308中，丟棄該訊框。在步驟310中，判斷用以指示黃色訊框要被丟棄的一參數是否啟用，在本實施例中，該參數是IEEE 802.1Qci標準中的參數「DropOnYellow」，且該參數可以由用戶設置以用於控制交換機100的流量。如果啟用該參數，則流程進入步驟312；若禁用該參數，則流程進入步驟314。 In step 304, after classifying the frame, if it is determined that the frame is a green frame, the process proceeds to step 306; if it is determined to be a red frame, the process proceeds to step 308; if it is determined to be a yellow frame, then The flow goes to step 310 . In step 306, the frame is sent to the priority-to-stream mapping circuit 130, and after the frame is queued in the queue according to the priority, the frame is sent to the destination port. In step 308, the frame is discarded. In step 310, it is determined whether a parameter for indicating that the yellow frame is to be discarded is enabled. In this embodiment, the parameter is the parameter "DropOnYellow" in the IEEE 802.1Qci standard, and the parameter can be set by the user to use It is used to control the traffic of the switch 100 . If the parameter is enabled, the flow goes to step 312 ; if the parameter is disabled, the flow goes to step 314 .

在步驟312中，丟棄該訊框。在步驟314中，該DEI位元被設置以指示在壅塞的情況下不丟掉(drop)或不丟棄(discard)訊框。在步驟316中，判斷一優先等級調整機制是否藉由設置一參數而被啟用，若是，流程進入步驟318；若否，流程進入步驟320。在步驟318中，流量計240_1改變黃色訊框的優先等級，例如，流量計240_1降低黃色訊框的IPV。在步驟320中，將訊框即優先等級傳遞到優先等級至資料流映射電路130，依據優先等級(或改變後的優先等級)使訊框於佇列 中排隊，並將訊框發送到目標埠。 In step 312, the frame is discarded. In step 314, the DEI bit is set to indicate that the frame is not dropped or discarded in case of congestion. In step 316 , it is determined whether a priority adjustment mechanism is enabled by setting a parameter, if yes, the flow goes to step 318 ; if not, the flow goes to step 320 . In step 318, the flow meter 240_1 changes the priority level of the yellow frame, eg, the flow meter 240_1 lowers the IPV of the yellow frame. In step 320, the frame, that is, the priority level, is passed to the priority level to the data stream mapping circuit 130, and the frame is queued according to the priority level (or the changed priority level). queue and send the frame to the destination port.

在第3圖所示的實施例中，藉由使用步驟316和步驟318來改變黃色訊框的優先等級，使得交換機100的流量比較不會因為瞬時頻寬擁塞(instantaneous bandwidth congestion)而引起訊框處理問題。例如，假設在交換機100中處理兩個串流，一第一串流具有多個第一訊框，其所需頻寬為10Mbps，一第二串流具有多個第二訊框，其所需頻寬為10Mbps，優先等級判斷電路110中判斷多個第一訊框和多個第二訊框具有相同的優先等級，一旦第一串流出現網路問題且所需頻寬立即上升到15Mbps，則將第一串流中的後訊框(rear frame)判斷為優先等級較低的黃色訊框，如此一來，因為具有較低優先等級的後訊框(黃色訊框)稍後才會被發送，所以第一串流和第二串流中的原始訊框可以以正常速度發送而無需處理網路問題。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, by using steps 316 and 318 to change the priority level of the yellow frame, the traffic comparison of the switch 100 will not cause frames due to instantaneous bandwidth congestion. solving issues. For example, assuming that the switch 100 processes two streams, a first stream has multiple first frames, and its required bandwidth is 10 Mbps, and a second stream has multiple second frames, which requires The bandwidth is 10 Mbps, and the priority judging circuit 110 determines that the multiple first frames and the multiple second frames have the same priority. Once the network problem occurs in the first stream and the required bandwidth immediately increases to 15 Mbps, Then, the rear frame (rear frame) in the first stream is judged as a yellow frame with a lower priority, so that the rear frame (yellow frame) with a lower priority will be used later. so the original frames in the first and second streams can be sent at normal speed without dealing with network issues.

另外，如果不使用步驟316和步驟318，即使第一串流具有網路問題和所需頻寬瞬間上升，第一訊框和第二訊框仍依據原始優先等級(即相同優先等級)發送，且第二串流的流量將受到影響使得訊框處理變得複雜。 In addition, if steps 316 and 318 are not used, even if the first stream has network problems and the required bandwidth suddenly increases, the first frame and the second frame are still sent according to the original priority (ie the same priority), And the traffic of the second stream will be affected to complicate frame processing.

簡要地總結，在本案的交換機內的電路中，當目前頻寬高於所承諾的頻寬時，進入流量計的訊框被控制以降低優先等級，使得其他訊框可以用原始速率順利傳輸。因此，在處於頻寬壅塞問題的同時，系統不會在訊框處理的方面變得更加複雜。 To summarize briefly, in the circuit in the switch of this case, when the current bandwidth is higher than the promised bandwidth, the frames entering the flowmeter are controlled to lower the priority level, so that other frames can be transmitted smoothly at the original rate. Therefore, the system does not become more complex in terms of frame processing while suffering from bandwidth congestion.

以上所述僅為本案之較佳實施例，凡依本案申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本案之涵蓋範圍。 The above are only the preferred embodiments of this case, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application in this case shall fall within the scope of this case.

100:交換機 100: switch

110:優先等級判斷電路 110: Priority judging circuit

120:逐一串流過濾及管理電路 120: Stream-by-stream filtering and management circuits

130:優先等級至資料流映射電路 130: Priority to Stream Mapping Circuit

P0~PN:連接埠 P0~PN: port

Claims (10)

一種在一路由器或一交換機內的電路，包含：一優先等級判斷電路，用以判斷從該路由器或該交換機的一連接埠所接收之一訊框的優先等級；以及一逐一串流過濾及管理電路，耦接至該優先等級判斷電路，並用以將該訊框分類為一第一類訊框、一第二類訊框或一第三類訊框，其中若該訊框被分類為該第一類訊框，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路將該訊框轉發至一優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊；若該訊框被分類為該第三類訊框，則該逐一串流過濾及管理電路丟棄該訊框；以及若該訊框被分類為該第二類訊框，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路改變該訊框的優先等級，且該優先等級至資料流映射電路使用改變過的優先等級來進行映射，使訊框在對應的佇列中排隊。 A circuit in a router or a switch, comprising: a priority judging circuit for judging the priority of a frame received from a port of the router or the switch; and stream-by-stream filtering and management a circuit, coupled to the priority judging circuit, and used for classifying the frame as a first type frame, a second type frame or a third type frame, wherein if the frame is classified as the first type frame A class of frames that the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit forwards to a priority-to-stream mapping circuit for queuing the frame in a queue; if the frame is classified as the third class frame, the per-stream filtering and management circuit discards the frame; and if the frame is classified as the second type of frame, the per-stream filtering and management circuit changes the priority of the frame, and the priority The class-to-stream mapping circuitry uses the changed priority classes for mapping, causing frames to be queued in the corresponding queues. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電路，其中該逐一串流過濾及管理電路依據至少一串流的目前頻寬以將該訊框分類為該第一類訊框、該第二類訊框或該第三類訊框；且若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，則該逐一串流過濾及管理電路改變該訊框的優先等級。 The circuit of claim 1, wherein the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit classifies the frame into the first type of frame and the second type of frame according to the current bandwidth of at least one stream or the third type of frame; and if the frame is determined to be the second type of frame, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit changes the priority of the frame. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之電路，其中若該至少一串流的目前頻寬小於一第一閾值，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路判斷該訊框為該第一類訊框；若該至少一串流的目前頻寬大於該第一閾值但小於一第二閾值，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路判斷該訊框為該第二類訊框；且若該至少一串流的目前頻寬大於該第二閾值，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路判斷該訊框為該第三類訊框。 The circuit of claim 2, wherein if the current bandwidth of the at least one stream is less than a first threshold, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit determines that the frame is the first type of frame; if The current bandwidth of the at least one stream is greater than the first threshold but less than a second threshold, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit determines that the frame is the frame of the second type; and if the current bandwidth of the at least one stream is When the bandwidth is greater than the second threshold, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit determines that the frame is the third type of frame. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電路，其中該逐一串流過濾及管理電路具有一參數用以啟用或禁用一優先等級調整機制；當該參數被設為啟用該優先等級調整機制時，若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路改變該訊框的優先等級，並且該逐一串流過濾及管理電路將優先等級已改變的該訊框轉發至該優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊；且當該參數被設為禁用該優先等級調整機制時，若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，該逐一串流過濾及管理電路將優先等級未改變的該訊框轉發至該優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊。 The circuit of claim 1, wherein the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit has a parameter for enabling or disabling a priority adjustment mechanism; when the parameter is set to enable the priority adjustment mechanism, if The frame is determined to be the second type of frame, the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit changes the priority of the frame, and the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit forwards the frame with the changed priority to the frame-by-stream filtering and management circuit A priority-to-stream mapping circuit to queue the frame in the queue; and when the parameter is set to disable the priority adjustment mechanism, if the frame is determined to be the second type of frame, the one-by-one sequence The flow filtering and management circuit forwards the frame with unchanged priority to the priority-to-stream mapping circuit to queue the frame in the queue. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電路，其中該逐一串流過濾及管理電路包含：一串流識別電路，用以將該訊框映射至一串流；一串流過濾器，耦接至該串流識別電路，並用以依據該訊框的內容以轉發或丟棄該訊框；一串流閘，耦接至該串流過濾器，並用以接收未被該串流過濾器丟棄的該訊框，並且週期性地轉發該訊框或阻擋該訊框；以及一流量計，用以將該訊框分類為該第一類訊框、該第二類訊框或該第三類訊框；其中若該訊框被判斷為該第一類訊框，該流量計轉發該訊框至該優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊；若該訊框被判斷為該第三類訊框，該流量計丟棄該訊框；且若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，該流量計改變該訊框的優先等級，並且該流量計將優先等級已改變的該訊框轉發至該優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊。 The circuit of claim 1, wherein the stream-by-stream filtering and management circuit comprises: a stream identification circuit for mapping the frame to a stream; a stream filter coupled to The stream identification circuit is used for forwarding or discarding the frame according to the content of the frame; a stream gate is coupled to the stream filter and used for receiving the signal which is not discarded by the stream filter a frame, and periodically forwarding the frame or blocking the frame; and a flow meter for classifying the frame into the first type of frame, the second type of frame, or the third type of frame; If the frame is determined to be the first type of frame, the flow meter forwards the frame to the priority level to the data flow mapping circuit so that the frame is queued in the queue; if the frame is determined to be the The third type of frame, the flowmeter discards the frame; and if the frame is determined to be the second type of frame, the flowmeter changes the priority of the frame, and the flowmeter will change the priority of the frame. The frame is forwarded to the priority-to-stream mapping circuit to queue the frame in the queue. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之電路，其中該串流閘針對該訊框而設置一內部優先等級值；若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，該流量計藉由改變該訊框的該內部優先等級值以改變優先等級，並且該流量計將該內部優先等級值已改變的該訊框轉發至該優先等級至資料流映射電路以使該訊框於佇列中排隊。 The circuit described in claim 5, wherein the serial gate sets an internal priority value for the frame; if the frame is determined to be the second type of frame, the flowmeter changes the frame by changing the The internal priority value of the frame is changed to change the priority, and the flow meter forwards the frame with the changed internal priority value to the priority to the data flow mapping circuit to queue the frame in the queue. 一種應用於一路由器或一交換機的訊框處理方法，包含：判斷從該路由器或該交換機的一連接埠所接收的一訊框的優先等級；將該訊框分類為一第一類訊框、一第二類訊框或一第三類訊框；若該訊框被判斷為該第一類訊框，轉發該訊框以使該訊框於佇列中排隊；若該訊框被判斷為該第三類訊框，丟棄該訊框；以及若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，改變該訊框的優先等級，且轉發優先等級已改變的該訊框以使該訊框於佇列中排隊。 A frame processing method applied to a router or a switch, comprising: judging the priority level of a frame received from a connection port of the router or the switch; classifying the frame into a first type frame, A second type frame or a third type frame; if the frame is judged to be the first type frame, forward the frame so that the frame is queued in the queue; if the frame is judged to be the third type frame, discarding the frame; and if the frame is determined to be the second type frame, changing the priority of the frame, and forwarding the frame whose priority has been changed to make the frame Queue in the queue. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之訊框處理方法，其中將該訊框分類為該第一類訊框、該第二類訊框或該第三類訊框包含：依據至少一串流的目前頻寬將該訊框分為該第一類訊框、該第二類訊框或該第三類訊框；其中若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，改變該訊框的優先等級。 The frame processing method as described in claim 7, wherein classifying the frame as the first type frame, the second type frame or the third type frame comprises: according to at least one stream of The current bandwidth divides the frame into the first type of frame, the second type of frame or the third type of frame; if the frame is determined to be the second type of frame, change the frame of the frame priority level. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之訊框處理方法，其中依據該至少一串流的目前頻寬將該訊框分類為該第一類訊框、該第二類訊框或該第三類訊框包含： 若該至少一串流的目前頻寬小於一第一閾值，判斷該訊框為該第一類訊框；若該至少一串流的目前頻寬大於該第一閾值但小於一第二閾值，判斷該訊框為該第二類訊框；若該至少一串流的目前頻寬大於該第二閾值，判斷該訊框為該第三類訊框。 The frame processing method as described in claim 8, wherein the frame is classified into the first type frame, the second type frame or the third type according to the current bandwidth of the at least one stream The frame contains: If the current bandwidth of the at least one stream is less than a first threshold, it is determined that the frame is the first type of frame; if the current bandwidth of the at least one stream is greater than the first threshold but less than a second threshold, It is judged that the frame is the second type of frame; if the current bandwidth of the at least one stream is greater than the second threshold, the frame is judged to be the third type of frame. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之訊框處理方法，更包含：設定一參數以啟用或禁用一優先等級調整機制；當該參數被設為啟用該優先等級調整機制時，若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，改變該訊框的優先等級，並且轉發優先等級已改變的該訊框以使該訊框於佇列中排隊；以及當該參數被設為禁用該優先等級調整機制時，若該訊框被判斷為該第二類訊框，轉發優先等級未改變的該訊框以使該訊框於佇列中排隊。 The frame processing method described in item 7 of the scope of the patent application further comprises: setting a parameter to enable or disable a priority adjustment mechanism; when the parameter is set to enable the priority adjustment mechanism, if the frame is Determining that the frame is of the second type, changing the priority of the frame, and forwarding the frame whose priority has been changed so that the frame is queued; and when the parameter is set to disable the priority adjustment During the mechanism, if the frame is judged to be the second type of frame, the frame with the same priority is forwarded so that the frame is queued in the queue.
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