TWI770515B - Pre-embedding construction member, construction structure and method for fastening and removing the pre-embedding construction member - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a pre-embedding member comprising: a top plate and a peripheral plate; the peripheral plate connecting to a peripheral edge of the top plate and extending downwardly from the same to cooperatively define an inner space of the pre-embedding member; the peripheral plate having at least one hole therein; at least one recess or protrusion is formed on an outer surface of the peripheral plate. The present invention also provides a construction method comprising: providing an aluminum formwork, a plurality of fastening members, and a pre-embedding member, the pre-embedding member comprising a plurality of through holes at one end thereof; forming a plurality of first holes on a predetermined position of a first surface of the aluminum formwork; inserting the plurality of fastening members respectively through the through holes of the pre-embedding member and the corresponding first holes of the aluminum formwork to fasten the pre-embedding member onto the aluminum formwork.

Description

Building embedded components, building structures and construction methods for fixing and dismantling building embedded components

The present invention relates to a building embedded component structure and a construction method for fixing and dismantling the building embedded component, in particular to a building embedded component structure that can increase the anchoring force and a construction method for fixing and dismantling the building embedded component.

In the construction process of the reinforced concrete structure of general buildings (whether it is a reinforced concrete structure or a non-reinforced concrete structure), after the steel bar binding operation is completed, a formwork structure needs to be constructed for the subsequent concrete pouring operation. Traditional construction methods mostly use wooden formwork. However, with the evolution of material technology, different types of formwork materials are available for civil construction operations, such as steel formwork, plastic formwork or aluminum formwork. Among them, the application of aluminum formwork has been increasing in recent years. The reason is that the weight of aluminum formwork is lower than that of steel formwork, and the weight is lighter and easier to construct. The surface smoothness and flatness of the finished reinforced concrete after using the aluminum formwork is higher than that of the traditional wooden formwork, and the aluminum formwork can be reused for a very high number of times. In addition, the use of aluminum formwork construction process does not require the use of wood, which can keep the site clean and reduce engineering waste. Although the cost of aluminum formwork is slightly higher than that of traditional wooden formwork, regardless of the appearance quality of the finished building, In terms of advantages and can be reused many times, it is not comparable to traditional wooden formwork. The above advantages make the use of aluminum formwork to construct reinforced concrete structures to be a widely used construction method, whether on construction sites or in Pingxuan factories.

In order to construct the reinforced concrete structure, after the steel bar binding and the construction of the aluminum formwork are completed at the construction site or in the factory, and before the concrete pouring operation, the pre-distribution of the pipeline must be completed. That is to say, there are various internal wiring pipelines, for example, the configuration of water and electricity pipelines, public pipelines, or strong/weak current systems can be performed. The distribution pipeline in the reinforced concrete structure often needs to use some specific embedded components as specific joints or as relay pipe fittings. These specific embedded components include, for example, electrical junction boxes, elbow joints, floor joints , Beam casing, beam casing seat or hanger and other components. The above-mentioned pre-embedded components are fixed at predetermined positions in the reinforced concrete structure, and usually a part is exposed on the surface of the reinforced concrete structure. In other words, the above-mentioned pre-embedded components are not completely embedded in the reinforced concrete structure, but are partially exposed and accessible outside the reinforced concrete structure, and further construction operations such as piping or wiring are performed. Therefore, when fixing these pre-embedded components at predetermined positions, it is necessary to make a part of the pre-embedded components in close contact with the aluminum formwork, and not to shift or generate grout leakage during the grouting operation. In this way, after the grouting operation is completed and the formwork is removed, the pre-embedded component can be located in a predetermined position that matches the drawing surface and can be used.

The conventional method for fixing the above-mentioned pre-embedded components, for example, is to first lock the pre-embedded components on the aluminum formwork with self-tapping screws, then lay steel bars and bind the embedded components to the steel bars with iron wires, and then before the grouting operation. Remove the self-tapping screws, and then remove the aluminum formwork after the concrete pouring operation, so that part of the embedded components is exposed to the reinforced concrete structure. Another way is to predetermine the position of fixing the embedded components on the aluminum formwork, drill a plurality of perforations, and use iron wires to pass through the perforations used for fixing the embedded components themselves and pass through the aluminum formwork Corresponding perforations, and then the construction personnel will wind each wire separately to fix the embedded components on the predetermined position above the aluminum formwork. After the embedded components are fixed above the aluminum formwork, the grouting operation is carried out. The disadvantage of the above-mentioned conventional construction method is that the steps are cumbersome, especially the method of using iron wire to fix the embedded components, not only the construction work of fixing the embedded components on the upper and lower plates of the aluminum formwork is required, but also when the template is removed, it must be loosened first. The removal of the aluminum formwork can only be carried out by opening or cutting off the wound wire under the surface of the aluminum formwork plate.

As can be seen from the above, the conventional construction method for embedding the above-mentioned pre-embedded components in a reinforced concrete structure has complicated steps, and cannot meet the requirements of rapid construction for building a building today. In addition, since part of the above-mentioned pre-embedded components are partially exposed to the outside of the reinforced concrete structure after the reinforced concrete structure is completed, and part of them are located in the reinforced concrete structure, the anchoring force of the pre-embedded components in the reinforced concrete structure is very important for the pre-fabricated components. Whether the embedded components can be firmly embedded in the reinforced concrete structure for a long time without loosening due to long-term use or external force has a significant impact.

In view of the above, how to improve the embedded components to increase the anchoring force between the embedded components and the reinforced concrete structure, so that the embedded components can be stably maintained in the reinforced concrete structure for a long time to increase the service life, and how to use a rapid construction The method fixes the embedded components on the aluminum formwork, and enables the subsequent concrete pouring and formwork removal operations to be carried out quickly to speed up the construction of the reinforced concrete structure, which is a problem that the industry hopes to solve.

One object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a pre-embedded component, which can enhance the anchoring force between the embedded component and the reinforced concrete structure.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for fixing embedded components to aluminum formwork, so as to speed up the construction of reinforced concrete structures on a construction site or in a factory. degree can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pre-embedded component taking an electrical junction box as an example, comprising: a top plate; and a peripheral side plate, the peripheral side plate is connected to a periphery of the top plate and extends downward from the top plate, In order to define an inner space of the electrical junction box together with the top plate, the peripheral side plate has at least one electrical connection hole; wherein at least one groove or at least one convex portion is formed on an outer surface of the peripheral side plate.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a pre-embedded component with an electrical junction box as an example, comprising: a top plate; The top plate extends downward to define an inner space of the electrical junction box with the top plate, and the peripheral side plate has at least one electrical connection hole.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a pre-embedded component with an electrical junction box as an example, comprising: a top plate; The top plate extends downward to define an inner space of the electrical junction box with the top plate, and the peripheral side plate has at least one electrical connection hole.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a pre-embedded component taking an electrical junction box as an example, comprising: a top plate; and a peripheral side plate, the peripheral side plate is connected to a periphery of the top plate and defines the electrical junction box with the top plate an inner space, the peripheral side plate extends downwardly obliquely from the top plate toward a central axis of the inner space, and the peripheral side plate has at least one electrical connection hole.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a building structure, comprising: an aluminum template, including a plurality of holes and therein; a pre-embedded component of one of the aforementioned various electrical junction boxes; and a plurality of plastic nails, including a plurality of a flexible annular protrusion thereon is configured to pass through the plurality of lugs and the plurality of holes embedded in the aluminum template, respectively Inside; wherein the electrical junction box is fixed on the aluminum template by the tight combination of the plurality of flexible annular protrusions of the plurality of plastic nails and the inner surface of the plurality of holes of the aluminum template.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a building structure, comprising: an aluminum template, including a plurality of first holes therein; a plurality of pre-embedded fixing parts, respectively including a plurality of flexible protrusions on it and a plurality of first holes. There are two holes therein, and the plurality of pre-embedded fixing parts are respectively embedded in the plurality of first holes of the aluminum template; such as the pre-embedded parts of one of the aforementioned various electrical junction boxes; and a plurality of metal nails, through It is arranged to pass through the plurality of lugs of the electrical junction box and the plurality of second holes of the plurality of pre-embedded fixing parts respectively.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction method, comprising: providing an aluminum formwork; defining a predetermined position on a first surface of the aluminum formwork that conforms to an end face contour of a pre-embedded component; and applying an adhesive Covering the end face contour of the embedded component, and adhering and fixing the embedded component to the predetermined position on the first surface of the template.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction method, comprising: providing an aluminum formwork; defining a predetermined position on a first surface of the aluminum formwork that conforms to an end face contour of a pre-embedded component; coating with an adhesive on one end face of at least one module, and adhering and fixing the end face of the at least one module to the predetermined position on the first surface of the template, wherein the at least one module has an outer peripheral surface and the embedded component has Defining an inner peripheral surface of an inner space, the outer peripheral surface of the at least one module matches the inner peripheral surface of the embedded component; the inner peripheral surface of the embedded component is clamped on the at least one module The outer peripheral surface enables the embedded component to be fixed to the first surface of the formwork at the predetermined location.

1: Electrical junction box

1': Electrical Junction Box

1": Electrical Junction Box

2: Aluminum formwork

3: Fixing parts

4: Embedded components

5: Modules

5': Module

11: Top plate

11': top plate

11": Top Plate

12: Surrounding side panels

12': Surrounding side panels

12": Surrounding side panels

13: Interior Space

13': interior space

13": interior space

14: Electrical contacts

14': Electrical Contacts

14": Electrical Contacts

15: lugs

15': lugs

15": lugs

16: Pipe joints

21: First surface

22: Predetermined location

23: The first hole

31: plastic nails

41: lugs

42: Perforation

44: Interior Space

45: Inner peripheral surface

51: Outer peripheral surface

51': outer surface

52: End face

52': end face

111: Perimeter

111': Perimeter

111": Perimeter

121: Side panel

121': side panel

121": side panel

122: Groove

122': groove

122": groove

141: Blind cover

141': blind cover

141":Blind Cover

151: Perforation

151': perforated

151": perforated

161: Takeover part

162: Flange part

163: Contoured Surface

311: Head

312: Rod

313: Protrusion

321': Metal Nails

321: Expansion tube

322: Head

322': head

323: Rod

323': stem

324: Second hole

325: Protrusion

A: Taper angle

C: central axis

C': central axis

C": central axis

D: distance

d1: outer diameter

d2: inner diameter

P: Pipe

S: Reinforced concrete structure

The drawings described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 shows a building embedded component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a building embedded component according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a building embedded component according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 4a to 4d show schematic diagrams of joining a pipe joint to a prefabricated building component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show a construction method for fixing a building embedded component on an aluminum formwork according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7a shows a schematic structural diagram of a selected plastic nail according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7b shows a schematic diagram of fixing the embedded building components to the aluminum formwork using plastic nails according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8a shows a schematic structural diagram of a selected expansion nail assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8b shows a schematic diagram of fixing the embedded building components to the aluminum formwork using the expansion nail set according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of directly fixing a building embedded component to an aluminum formwork without using a fixing element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of using a module to fix a building embedded component to an aluminum formwork according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of using two modules to fix the embedded building components to the aluminum formwork according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 12a to 12c show schematic views of dismantling the aluminum formwork after the reinforced concrete structure completed according to the embodiment of Figures 7b and 8b.

13a to 13b show schematic diagrams of dismantling the aluminum formwork after the reinforced concrete structure completed according to the embodiment of FIG. 9 .

14a to 14b show schematic diagrams of dismantling the aluminum formwork after the reinforced concrete structure completed according to the embodiment of FIG. 10 .

15a to 15b show schematic diagrams of dismantling the aluminum formwork after the reinforced concrete structure completed according to the embodiment of FIG. 11 .

In order to more clearly understand the features, contents and advantages of the present invention and the effects that can be achieved, the present invention is hereby described in detail with the accompanying drawings and in the form of embodiments as follows, and the drawings used therein are only for the purpose of For the purpose of illustrating and assisting the description, the proportion and arrangement relationship of the attached drawings should not be interpreted or limited to the scope of the present invention.

As mentioned above, the present invention intends to provide a pre-embedded building component structure capable of improving the anchoring force with the reinforced concrete structure. These pre-embedded building components are not all embedded in the reinforced concrete structure, but are partially exposed. It is accessible outside the reinforced concrete structure, so enhancing the anchoring force can improve its anchorage stability and durability. These building embedded components commonly used in construction include, but are not limited to, such as electrical junction boxes, elbow joints, floor joints, beam casings, beam casing sockets or hangers, etc. When the reinforced concrete structure is formed, Elements that are embedded or fixed together in reinforced concrete structures. The present invention will be described below The proposed octagonal electrical junction box used in construction is described as an example structure of a pre-buried component in a building.

FIG. 1 shows an embedded building element in the form of an electrical junction box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the electrical junction box 1 includes a top plate 11 and a peripheral side plate 12 . The peripheral side plate 12 is connected to a peripheral edge 111 of the top plate 11 and extends downward from the peripheral edge 111 of the top plate 11 to define the electrical connection together with the top plate 11 . In a hollow interior space 13 of the junction box 1, the surrounding side plate 12 is composed of a plurality of side plates 121, and has at least one electrical contact hole 14, and the electrical contact hole 14 is covered by a blind cover 141. The blind cover 141 is used before the electrical connection hole 14 is used to avoid the situation of slurry leakage during the watering operation. It should be noted that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the surrounding side plates 12 are composed of 8 side plates 121 to form an octagonal electrical junction box, but in other embodiments, the number of side plates is not limited to 8, It can also be 4, 5, 6, etc. different numbers (depending on actual needs) to form a polygonal electrical junction box. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 , the lug 15 extends from a bottom edge of one or more of the side plates 121 of the surrounding side plate 12 toward a direction away from a central axis C of the inner space 13 , and the lug 15 has at least one through hole 151 is formed in it. The number of the lugs 15 may be one or more, preferably at least two. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , one lug 15 is shown extending outward from the bottom edge of one side plate 121 , and the bottom edge of the opposite side plate 121 also has another lug 15 extending outward. According to actual needs, the bottom edges of the other side plates of the electrical junction box 5 can be respectively provided with outwardly extending lugs 15 . The purpose of the lugs 15 may be, for example, but not limited to, fixing the electrical junction box 15 to the aluminum formwork during the construction of the reinforced concrete structure.

The electrical junction box 1 may also have an inner lug structure (not shown in the figure) extending from the bottom edge of one or more of the side plates 121 of the surrounding side plates 12 toward the direction of the central axis C of the inner space 13, and toward the center axis C of the inner space 13. The inner extending lug also has at least one perforation formed therein middle. These inwardly extending lugs can be used for fixing other components, for example, for locking the electrical junction box 1 to a mounting frame for installing electrical equipment (eg, lighting devices) or other hoisting components.

The peripheral side plate 12 of the electrical junction box 1 has at least one groove 122 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of grooves 122 are formed on the surface of each side plate 121 constituting the peripheral side plate 12 . The purpose of providing the grooves on the surface of the surrounding side plates of the electrical junction box 1 is to increase the total surface area of the surrounding side plates. Since the anchoring force between the building embedded components and the reinforced concrete is proportional to the contact area between the two, in the electrical junction box 1 of FIG. 1 , a plurality of grooves 122 are arranged to increase the reinforced concrete The total surface area of contact between the structure and the surrounding side plates 12 of the electrical junction box 1, thereby enhancing the anchoring force of the electrical junction box 1 in the reinforced concrete structure. In addition, as can be seen from FIG. 1 , each groove 122 formed on the surface of the side plate 121 has a groove upper surface and a groove lower surface, and the groove upper surface and the groove of the groove 122 in FIG. 1 are The lower surface is not coplanar with the top plate 11 .

FIG. 2 shows an embedded building element in the form of an electrical junction box according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the electrical junction box 1 ′ includes a top plate 11 ″ and a peripheral side plate 12 ′. The peripheral side plate 12 ′ is connected to a distance D retracted from a peripheral edge 111 ′ of the top plate 11 ′, and downward from the top plate extending to define a hollow inner space 13' of the electrical junction box 1' together with the top plate 11'. Similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the peripheral side plate 12' of the electrical junction box 1' of Fig. 2 is composed of a plurality of It is composed of two side plates 121', and has at least one electrical contact hole 14', and the electrical contact hole 14' is also covered with a corresponding blind cover 141'. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the surrounding side plate 12' is composed of eight The side plates 121' are formed to form an octagonal electrical junction box, but in other embodiments, the number of side plates is not limited to 8, but can be 4, 5, 6, etc. different numbers (depending on actual needs), To form a polygonal electrical junction box. The electrical junction box 1' shown in Figure 2 has a bottom edge from one or more of the side plates 121' of the surrounding side plates 12', toward a center away from the inner space 13' The lug 15' extends in the direction of the axis C', and the lug 15' has at least one through hole 151' formed therein. The number of the lug 15 can be one or more, and the Preferably at least two. According to actual needs, the bottom edges of the other side plates of the electrical junction box 1 ′ can be respectively provided with outwardly extending lugs 15 ′. The electrical junction box 1' can also have a structure (not shown) extending from the bottom edge of one or more of the side plates 121' of the surrounding side plates 12' to the inner space 13' toward the direction of the central axis C'. , and the inwardly extending lug has at least one through hole formed therein. The peripheral side plate 12' of the electrical junction box 1' has at least one groove 122'. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , a plurality of grooves 122 ′ are formed on the surface of each side plate 121 ′ to increase the total surface area of the surrounding side plates 12 ′, thereby increasing the surrounding area between the reinforced concrete structure and the electrical junction box 1 ′ The total contact area of the side plates. In addition, as can be seen from FIG. 2 , each groove 122 ′ formed on the surface of the side plate 121 ′ also has a groove upper surface and a groove lower surface, and the grooves of the groove 122 ′ in FIG. The surface and the lower surface of the groove are not coplanar with the top plate 11'.

In the electrical junction box 1 ′ shown in FIG. 2 , the surrounding side plates 12 ′ are located at a distance D inward from a peripheral edge 111 ′ of the top plate 11 ′. Therefore, compared with the electrical junction box 1 shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 The electrical junction box 1' is shown in the form of a structure with an enlarged top plate 11', which not only provides a greater contact surface area for the electrical junction box 1', but also when the reinforced concrete structure is formed, the electrical junction box 1' When embedded and fixed in the reinforced concrete structure, the solid concrete fills the annular space formed by the distance D below the top plate 11' around the surrounding side plates 12', whereby the electrical junction box 1' shown in FIG. 2 can be embedded more firmly. Attached to the reinforced concrete structure. With this design, unless the tensile force applied to the electrical junction box 1 ′ can be greater than the strength of the concrete, or the surrounding concrete structure is deliberately damaged by tools, the electrical junction box 1 ′ cannot be separated from the reinforced concrete structure.

FIG. 3 shows a building embedded component in the form of an electrical junction box according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the electrical junction box 1" includes a top plate 1" and a peripheral side plate 12". The peripheral side plate 12' is connected to a peripheral edge 111" of the top plate 11' and extends downward from the top plate 11" to be connected with the top plate. 11" together define a hollow interior space 13" of the electrical junction box 1". Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the peripheral side plate 12 ″ of the electrical junction box 1 ″ in FIG. 3 is composed of a plurality of side plates 121 ″, and has at least one electrical contact hole 14 ″. The electrical contact hole 14 ″ also has The corresponding blind cover 141" covers it. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the surrounding side plates 12 ″ are also composed of 8 side plates 121 ″ to form an octagonal electrical junction box. However, in other embodiments, the number of side plates is not limited to 8, and can be different according to actual needs to form a polygonal electrical junction box. The electrical junction box 1" shown in Fig. 3 has lugs extending from one or more of the bottom edges of the side plates 121" of the surrounding side plates 12" toward a direction away from a central axis C" of the inner space 13". 15", and the lug 15" has at least one through hole 151" formed therein. The number of the lugs 15" can be one or more, preferably at least two. According to actual needs, the bottom edges of the other side plates of the electrical junction box 15" can be respectively provided with outwardly extending lugs 15" The electrical junction box 1" may also have a structure of lugs extending in the inner space 13" from the bottom edge of one or more of the side plates 121" of the surrounding side plates 12" toward the direction of the central axis C" (not shown in the figure). shown), and the inwardly extending lugs also have at least one through hole formed therein.

The difference between the electrical junction box 1" shown in Fig. 3 and the electrical junction box 1 of Fig. 1 is that the surrounding side plate 12" of the electrical junction box 1" extends obliquely downward from the top plate 11" toward one of the central axes C" of the inner space, And make the electrical junction box 1" form an inverted cone-shaped structure. The surface area of the side plate 121" of the electrical junction box 1" with such an inverted cone shape is larger than that of the side plate 121 of the electrical junction box 1' shown in FIG. Furthermore, the inverted cone-shaped structure of the electrical junction box 1" makes it present an enlarged head shape. Therefore, after the reinforced concrete structure is formed and the electrical junction box 1" is embedded and fixed in the reinforced concrete structure, as shown in Figure 3 The enlarged head shape of the electrical junction box 1" can make the electrical junction box 1" more firmly embedded in the reinforced concrete structure. By this design, unless The tensile force applied to the electrical junction box 1" can be greater than the strength of the concrete, or the concrete structure around it can be deliberately destroyed with tools, and the electrical junction box 1" cannot be separated from the reinforced concrete structure.

The peripheral side plate 12" of the electrical junction box 1" shown in Fig. 3 is inclined by a taper angle A from the top plate 11" to the central axis C" of the inner space 13", so that the slope of the peripheral side plate 12" relative to the top plate 11" is consistent with It is selected from one of Morse taper No. 0-7. Of course, the present invention does not limit the taper of the electrical junction box 1" to be one of Morse taper No. 0-7, and different tapers can also be set according to actual needs.

In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to further increase the contact surface area between the electrical junction box 1" and the reinforced concrete, on the surrounding side plate 12" of the electrical junction box 1", the electrical At least one groove (preferably a plurality of grooves) is further arranged on the surrounding side plate 12" of the junction box 1" to increase the total surface area of the surrounding side plate, thereby increasing the contact between the reinforced concrete structure and the surrounding side plate of the electrical junction box 1" area.

In other embodiments of the present invention, convex parts may be provided on the surface of the surrounding side plates of the electrical junction box shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , or grooves and convex parts may be arranged in a staggered manner, so as to increase the reinforced concrete structure in different ways. The purpose of the total contact area with the electrical junction box embedded in the reinforced concrete structure is to improve the anchoring force of the electrical junction box in the reinforced concrete structure. It can be seen from the aforementioned structure of setting grooves on the surface of the surrounding side plate of the electrical junction box, if a convex portion is provided on the surface of the surrounding side plate of the electrical junction box to replace the structure of the groove, the convex portion will have no connection with the electrical wiring. The top plate of the box is coplanar with a convex upper surface and a convex lower surface.

Figures 4a to 4d show schematic diagrams of the process of joining a plurality of pipe joints to the electrical junction box and socketing the pipes. The electrical junction box shown in FIG. 4 a is the electrical junction box 1 shown in FIG. 1 . Although Figure 4a shows four pipe joints 16, in practice, the number of pipe joints depends on the predetermined number of pipes embedded in the reinforced concrete structure to be connected by the electrical junction box 1. 4a shows that the blind cover 141 of the electrical contact hole 14 of the electrical junction box 1 intended to be connected to the pipe has been removed, while the blind cover 141 of the unused electrical contact hole has not been removed. pipe connection The structure of the head 16 includes a nipple portion 161 and a flange portion 162 formed at one end of the nipple portion. The outer diameter d1 of the nipple portion 161 is approximately the same as the diameter of the electrical contact hole 14 of the electrical junction box 1, whereby the nipple portion is 161 can pass through the electrical contact hole 14 . As shown in FIG. 4b , when the pipe joint is assembled, it passes from the inner space 13 of the electrical junction box 1 to the outside of the electrical junction box 1 through the electrical connection hole 14 , and a ring-shaped flange portion 162 of the pipe joint 16 is The contoured surface 163 is attached to the inner surface of the peripheral side plate 12 of the electrical junction box 1 to fix the pipe joint 16 to the electrical junction box 1 . Then, as shown in Fig. 4c, the inner diameter d2 of the pipe material P to be connected to the electrical junction box 1 is substantially the same as the outer diameter d1 of the pipe fitting 161 of the pipe joint 16, whereby the pipe material P can be sleeved to the corresponding pipe joint 16, and the assembled state of FIG. 4d is finally formed after assembly.

It should be noted that FIGS. 4 a to 4 d use the electrical junction box 1 shown in FIG. 1 as an example, but the application of the pipe joint is not limited to the electrical junction box 1 in FIG. 1 . The electrical junction boxes 1 ′ and 1 ″ shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , as well as other types of electrical junction boxes, can also be applied to the pipe joints and their assembling methods shown in FIGS. 4 a to 4 d .

The following embodiments of the present invention provide a construction method for burying building pre-embedded members in a reinforced concrete structure (or a reinforced concrete structure), especially in a form formed by using an aluminum formwork configuration and pouring concrete therein. Method for burying embedded building elements in reinforced concrete. The embedded components of the building include electrical junction boxes as shown in Figures 1 to 4, other forms of electrical junction boxes, elbow joints, floor joints, beam bushings or hangers, etc. The construction method disclosed in this embodiment is helpful for the subsequent configuration of water and electricity pipelines, public pipelines, or strong/weak electricity systems in the building.

5 and 6 illustrate a construction method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in order to simplify the drawing and facilitate understanding, Figures 5 and 6 do not show the overall aluminum formwork structure built on the reinforced concrete structure construction site, but only show the embedded components of the building. The aluminum formwork at the predetermined location, and the octagonal electrical junction box shown in FIG. 1 is used as an exemplary component type of the building embedded component. As shown in FIG. 5 , during the construction of the building structure, an aluminum formwork 2, a plurality of fixing parts 3, and a building embedded component 4 are provided first, which includes two laterally extending from one end thereof. lugs 42. Each of the lugs 41 has two perforations 42 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the construction personnel first set out on a first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 to define an end face of the end of the embedded component 4 on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 . A predetermined location 22 . In other words, the predetermined position 22 defined on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 conforms to the contour of one end face of the bottom end of the embedded building component 4 . Subsequently, the construction personnel drill holes on predetermined positions 22 of the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 to form a plurality of first holes 23 . The first holes 23 correspond to the plurality of through holes 42 of the lugs 41 at the ends of the embedded building components 4 respectively.

After that, the construction personnel pass through each of the plurality of through holes 42 of the building embedded component 4 with the plurality of fixing pieces 3 respectively, and insert each of the corresponding first holes 23 of the aluminum formwork 2, so as to make the building prefabricated. The embedded member 4 is fixed to the predetermined position 22 of the first surface 21 of the aluminum template 2 to form a structure as shown in FIG. 6 .

FIG. 7a shows the structure of a plastic nail selected as a fixing member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The plastic nail 31 includes a head portion 311 and a stem portion 312. The stem portion 312 includes a plurality of flexible annular protrusions 313 protruding therefrom. The maximum radial dimension of the flexible annular protrusions 313 should be at least slightly larger than the first hole. 23 and the diameter of the perforation 42. FIG. 7 b shows a schematic diagram of fixing the embedded building component 4 to the aluminum formwork 2 using the plastic nails 3 . When the plastic nail 31 is passed through the through hole 42 of the building embedded component 4 and the first hole 23 of the aluminum formwork 2 , the flexible annular protrusion 313 can deform to allow the plastic nail 31 to pass through the through hole 42 and the first hole 23 , and the head 311 of the plastic nail 31 is constructed by the surface or the surrounding flange structure of the lug 41 of the embedded component 4 The stopper on the surface of the device sometimes completes the action of driving into the first hole 23 . During the process, the plurality of flexible annular protrusions 313 of the plastic nail 31 are deformed and tightly combined with the inner surfaces of the plurality of first holes 23 of the aluminum template 2, and the flexible annular protrusions 313 are deformed to recover force, the plastic nails 31 are fastened in the first holes 23 of the aluminum formwork 2 and the through holes 42 of the building embedded components, and then the building embedded components 4 are fixed on the predetermined position of the aluminum formwork 1 to form a building. structure.

Figure 8a shows a combination of expansion nails selected for use as a fastener according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8a, the expansion nail 32 includes an expansion tube 321 and a metal nail 321'. The expansion tube 321 is usually made of plastic, and includes a head 322 , a rod 323 and a hollow second hole 324 . The metal nail 321' also includes a head portion 322' and a stem portion 323'. The diameter of the rod portion 323 ′ of the metal nail 321 ′ is generally slightly larger than the inner diameter of the second hole 324 of the expansion tube 321 , so that when the rod portion 22 of the metal nail 321 ′ is inserted into the second hole 324 of the expansion tube 321 , the The expansion tube 321 is radially expanded. FIG. 8 b shows an exemplary diagram of using an expansion nail combination to fix the building embedded component 4 to the aluminum formwork 2 during the construction of the building structure. In operation, the expansion tube 321 is first inserted or nailed into the first hole 23 of the aluminum template 2 as a pre-embedded fixing member. Then, the metal nails 321' are inserted through the through holes 42 of the building embedded components 4 and inserted or nailed into the second holes 324 of the expansion pipe 321 as the embedded fastener at the corresponding position, whereby the expansion pipe 321 will be pierced by the metal nails. 321 ′ expands radially, and the embedded building element 4 will thus be firmly fixed to the predetermined position 22 of the aluminum formwork 2 . It should be noted that, in another embodiment as shown in FIG. 8a, the rod portion 323 of the expansion tube 321 as the pre-embedded fastener includes a plurality of flexible protrusions 325 on the rod portion 323. When the expansion tube 321 is embedded in the In the first hole 23 of the aluminum formwork, and the metal nails 321 ′ pass through the through holes 42 of the building embedded components 4 and are nailed into the second holes 324 of the expansion pipe 321 as the embedded fixing part located at the corresponding position, by flexible protrusion With the restoring force after the deformation of 325, the expansion tube 321 can be fastened in the first hole 23 of the aluminum formwork 2, whereby the building embedded component 4 will be firmly fixed on the predetermined position of the aluminum formwork 2 to form a kind of building structure.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 9 , after the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 defines a predetermined position 22 that conforms to the end face contour of the building embedded component 4 , the construction personnel directly apply the adhesive Cover the end profile of the end of the embedded building component 4, and/or the bottom surface of the lugs 41 facing the aluminum formwork 2, and/or the bottom surface of the surrounding flange structure (not shown) facing the aluminum formwork 2 and directly adhering and fixing the building embedded component 4 to the predetermined position 22 of the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 to form a building structure.

In yet another preferred embodiment as shown in FIG. 10 , the construction personnel define a predetermined position 22 on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 that conforms to the contour of the end surface of the embedded component 4 in the building. Subsequently, a module 5 is provided, which has an outer peripheral surface 51, and the prefabricated building element 4 has an inner peripheral surface 45 (see FIG. 14a) that defines an inner space 44, the outer peripheral surface 51 of the module 5 and the prefabricated building The inner peripheral surface 45 of the embedded element 4 is matched, or at least a portion of the inner peripheral surface 45 of the embedded architectural element 4 , sufficient to enable the embedded architectural element 4 to be snapped onto the module 5 . With this structure, the construction personnel can apply the adhesive on the end face 52 of the module 5 facing the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 , and adhere and fix the end face 52 of the module 5 to the first surface of the aluminum formwork 2 . on the predetermined position 22 on the surface 21 . Then, the construction personnel can clamp the inner peripheral surface 45 of the pre-embedded building component 4 on the outer peripheral surface 51 of the module 5 to fix the pre-embedded building component 4 to the predetermined position 22 of the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 form a building structure.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 11 , the construction personnel define a predetermined shape on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 that conforms to the contour of the end face of the embedded component 4 in the building. position 22. Subsequently, two modules 5' are provided, each of which has a specific one outer surface 51', and the prefabricated building element 4 has an inner peripheral surface 45 (see Fig. 15a) that defines an inner space 44, and the two modules 5 are The specific outer surface 51 ′ of each can be matched to different parts of the inner peripheral surface 45 of the prefabricated building element 4 , respectively. With this structure, the construction personnel can apply the adhesive on the one end face 52' of each of the two modules 5' facing the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2, and attach the two modules 5 to each other. The end surface 52 ′ is adhered and fixed on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 and corresponds to the predetermined position 22 of the building embedded component 4 . Then, the construction personnel can clamp the inner peripheral surface 45 of the embedded building element 4 to the specific outer surface 51 ′ of each of the two modules 5 ′. In other words, the specific outer surfaces 51 ′ of each of the two modules 5 ′ are used to match different parts of the inner peripheral surface 45 of the prefabricated building element 4 respectively, so that the prefabricated building element 4 can be clamped and adhered to the aluminum formwork The two modules 5' on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 are then fixed to predetermined positions on the first surface 21 of the aluminum formwork 2 to form a building structure. It should be noted that the two modules 5 ′ may have the same configuration or different configurations, as long as the specific outer surface 51 ′ of each of the two modules 5 ′ can match the inner and outer circumferences of the embedded building components 4 respectively. Different parts of the surface 45 can be used so that the embedded building components 4 can be sleeved and fixed thereon. In other embodiments of the present invention, the number of modules is not particularly limited to two modules, and three or more modules may also be used. However, under the condition that the embedded components 4 of the building can be clamped on the modules, the fewer the number of modules, the simpler the construction procedure. Also, the modules used in FIGS. 10 and 11 can be made of rubber or foam, which has the advantage of low manufacturing cost.

After the nailing operation of the aluminum formwork is completed and the pre-embedded building components are fixed on the predetermined position of the aluminum formwork in the above-mentioned manner, the construction personnel further pour concrete into the space formed by the aluminum formwork and other aluminum formwork. , in order to form a mixed steel bar Concrete structure. After the pouring operation is completed, the embedded components of the building are embedded and fixed into the reinforced concrete structure. After waiting for the concrete to dry, the construction personnel then proceed to remove the aluminum formwork, so that the reinforced concrete structure and the building embedded components embedded and fixed in the structure are separated from the first surface of the aluminum formwork.

Figures 12a to 12c show the process of removing the aluminum formwork by using the fixing member 3 to fix the pre-embedded components 4 of the building. As shown in FIG. 12 a , a completed reinforced concrete structure S has been placed above the aluminum formwork 2 , and the building embedded components 4 have also been embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. As shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Fig. 12b, the construction workers remove the aluminum formwork 2, and a part of the fixing member 3 will protrude from the surface S1 of the reinforced concrete structure S at this time. The protruding portion of the fixing member 3 is, for example, a part of the rod portion 312 of the plastic nail as shown in FIG. 7a , or a part of the respective rod portions 323 and 323 ′ of the expansion tube 321 and the metal nail 321 ′ as shown in FIG. 8a . The construction personnel can then directly cut off the parts of the fixing members 3 protruding from the surface S1 of the formed reinforced concrete structure S, so as to quickly complete the trimming operation after embedding the building embedded members 4 into the reinforced concrete structure S.

Figures 13a and 13b, Figures 14a and 14b, Figures 15a and 15b respectively show the dismantling process of the aluminum formwork after the reinforced concrete structure is formed using the construction methods of Figures 9, 10 and 11 respectively. Fig. 13a shows the reinforced concrete structure S in Fig. 9 after the pre-embedded member 4 is directly fixed to the aluminum formwork 2 with an adhesive and the casting operation is completed. As shown in FIG. 13 a , the aluminum formwork 2 has a completed reinforced concrete structure S above, and the building embedded components 4 have also been embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. As shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Figure 13b, the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2. At this time, since the building embedded components 4 are firmly embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S, the removal of the aluminum formwork 2 will not embed the building together. The member 4 is pulled away from the reinforced concrete structure S. When the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2, the embedded components of the building are completed. into the reinforced concrete structure, as shown in Figure 13b.

FIG. 14a shows the reinforced concrete structure S in FIG. 10 after the module 5 is adhered and fixed to the aluminum formwork 2 by using an adhesive, the building embedded component 4 is clamped on the module 5, and the casting operation is completed. As shown in FIG. 14 a , the aluminum formwork 2 has a completed reinforced concrete structure S above, and the building embedded components 4 have also been embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. As shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Fig. 14b, the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2. At this time, the embedded building components 4 are firmly embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. Since the building embedded components 4 are clamped in the way On the module 5, when the aluminum formwork 2 is removed, the module 5 adhered to the aluminum formwork 2 will be removed together with the aluminum formwork 2, and the building embedded components 4 will not be pulled away from the reinforced concrete structure S. . Therefore, when the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2, the operation of embedding the building embedded components 4 into the reinforced concrete structure is completed, as shown in FIG. 14b. In addition, since the module 5 is only adhered to the aluminum formwork 2, the construction personnel can easily separate the module 5 and the aluminum formwork 2 after removing the aluminum formwork, so that both can be reused.

Fig. 15a shows the reinforced concrete structure S in Fig. 11 in which the two modules 5' are adhered and fixed to the aluminum formwork 2 with adhesive, the embedded building components 4 are clamped on the module 5', and the casting operation is completed. As shown in FIG. 15a , the aluminum formwork 2 has a completed reinforced concrete structure S above, and the building embedded components 4 have also been embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. As shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Fig. 15b, the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2. At this time, the fixing member 4 has been firmly embedded in the reinforced concrete structure S. Since the building embedded member 4 is clamped to the module 5 in a clamping manner ', when the aluminum formwork 2 is removed, the modules 5' adhered to the aluminum formwork 2 are removed together with the aluminum formwork 2, and the building embedded components 4 will not be pulled away from the reinforced concrete structure 10. Therefore, when the construction personnel directly remove the aluminum formwork 2, the operation of embedding the building embedded components 4 into the reinforced concrete S structure is completed, as shown in Figure 15b. In addition, due to the mold The block 5' is only adhered to the aluminum formwork 2. After the aluminum formwork is removed, the construction personnel can easily separate the module 5' and the aluminum formwork 2, so that both can be reused

The pre-installed building components 4 shown in FIGS. 5 to 15b are the octagonal electrical junction box shown in FIG. 1 as an example of the pre-installed building components, but can be applied to the pre-installed buildings in the embodiments of the aforementioned construction methods. Buried components are not limited to the octagonal electrical junction box in Figure 1, such as the electrical junction box disclosed in Figures 2 to 3, or the traditional octagonal electrical junction box, other forms of electrical junction boxes (such as quadrangular electrical Box), or commonly used in construction operations such as elbow joints, floor joints, beam bushings, beam bushing sockets or hangers.

According to the structure of building embedded components proposed by the present invention, the anchoring force between the reinforced concrete structure and the building embedded components can be effectively increased. In addition, according to the construction method proposed in the present invention, the conventional tedious fixing operation of fixing the embedded building components to the aluminum formwork can be avoided, and the need to loosen the binding wire before the formwork can be removed when the aluminum formwork is removed can also be avoided. construction steps. By using the construction method proposed by the present invention, the construction efficiency of constructing a reinforced concrete structure on a construction site or in a factory can be effectively improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical ideas and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those who are familiar with the art to understand the content of the creation and implement them accordingly, and should not limit the patent scope of the present invention, Equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the disclosed spirit of the present invention should still be covered by the patent scope of the present invention.

1: Electrical junction box

11: Top plate

12: Surrounding side panels

13: Interior Space

14: Electrical contacts

15: lugs

111: Perimeter

121: Side panel

122: Groove

141: Blind cover

151: Perforation

C: central axis

Claims (17)

A building embedded component, comprising: a top plate; and a peripheral side plate, the peripheral side plate is connected to a peripheral edge of the top plate, and extends downward from the peripheral edge of the top plate, so as to define the building embedded structure together with the top plate An inner space of the component, the surrounding side plate has at least one electrical contact hole; wherein at least one groove with a groove upper surface or at least one convex portion with a convex upper surface is formed on an outer surface of the surrounding side plate , the upper surface of the groove or the upper surface of the convex portion is not coplanar with the top plate. A building embedded component, comprising: a top plate; and a peripheral side plate, the peripheral side plate is connected to a peripheral edge of the top plate, and defines an inner space of the building embedded component with the top plate, the peripheral side plate from the top plate toward the A central axis of the inner space extends downward obliquely, and the surrounding side plate has at least one electrical connection hole. The embedded component of claim 2, wherein the inclination of the surrounding side panel from the top panel to the central axis of the inner space makes the slope of the surrounding side panel relative to the ceiling panel selected from Morse taper No. 0-7 one. The pre-embedded building component of any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the surrounding side panels are composed of a plurality of It consists of two side panels and forms a polygonal shape. The building embedded component of claim 4, wherein the outer surface of each of the plurality of side plates includes a plurality of grooves and/or a plurality of convex portions. The embedded building component of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of lugs extend from a bottom edge of the surrounding side plate in a direction away from the central axis of the inner space, and the plurality of lugs have at least one through hole in it. The embedded building component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising at least one pipe joint, the at least one pipe joint comprising a nozzle portion and a flange portion formed at an end of the nozzle portion, and the flange portion of the nozzle portion is The diameter is the same as the diameter of the at least one electrical contact hole; wherein the at least one pipe joint penetrates from the interior space of the building embedded component to the outside of the building embedded component through the at least one electrical contact hole, and the flange A portion of an annular contoured surface is attached to an inner surface of the surrounding side panel. A building structure, comprising: an aluminum formwork, including a plurality of holes therein; as the building embedded component of claim 6; and a plurality of plastic nails, including a plurality of flexible annular protrusions on it, and configured to pass through the plurality of lugs and be embedded in the plurality of holes of the aluminum template respectively; wherein the plurality of flexible annular protrusions of the plurality of plastic nails and the aluminum The inner surfaces of the plurality of holes in the formwork are closely combined, and the building embedded component is fixed on the aluminum formwork. A building structure, comprising: an aluminum template, including a plurality of first holes therein; a plurality of pre-embedded fixtures, respectively including a plurality of flexible protrusions on it and a plurality of second holes therein, the plurality of Pre-embedded fixtures are respectively embedded in the plurality of first holes of the aluminum formwork; as the building embedded components of claim 6; and a plurality of metal nails are configured to pass through the plurality of building embedded components respectively The plurality of lugs and the plurality of pre-embedded fixing parts are embedded in the plurality of second holes. A construction method, comprising: (a) providing an aluminum formwork, a plurality of fixing parts, and a pre-embedded component, the pre-embedded component including a plurality of perforations at one end thereof; (b) in one of the aluminum formwork A plurality of first holes are formed on a predetermined position of the first surface; (c) a plurality of fixing parts are respectively passed through each of the through holes of the embedded component and the corresponding first holes of the aluminum template or, to fix the embedded component to the predetermined position on the first surface of the aluminum formwork; wherein the end of the embedded component includes a surrounding flange structure or a plurality of lug structures, and the plurality of A through hole is formed on the flange structure or the lug structures; wherein the fixing members are plastic nails, including a plurality of flexible annular protrusions thereon. A construction method, comprising: (a) providing an aluminum formwork, a plurality of fixing parts, and a pre-embedded component, the pre-embedded component including a plurality of perforations at one end thereof; (b) in one of the aluminum formwork A plurality of first holes are formed on a predetermined position of the first surface; (c) a plurality of fixing parts are respectively passed through each of the through holes of the embedded component and the corresponding first holes of the aluminum template to fix the embedded component to the predetermined position on the first surface of the aluminum formwork; wherein the end of the embedded component includes a peripheral flange structure or a plurality of lug structures, and the plurality of A through hole is formed on the flange structure or on the lug structures; wherein each of the fasteners includes an expansion tube and a metal nail, the expansion tube includes a second hole therein, and step (c ) comprises inserting the expansion tubes into the first holes of the template, and inserting the metal nails through the perforations of the pre-embedded member and inserting the second holes in the corresponding expansion tubes in order to fix the embedded component to the predetermined position of the formwork. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the embedded component is a building embedded component, a pipe elbow joint, a floor joint, a beam-through casing, a beam-through casing seat or a hanger. A construction method, comprising: (a) providing an aluminum formwork; (b) defining on a first surface of the aluminum formwork an end wheel that conforms to a pre-embedded member and (c) applying adhesive to the end face contour of the embedded component, and adhering the embedded component to the predetermined position on the first surface of the aluminum template. A construction method, comprising: (a) providing an aluminum formwork; (b) defining a predetermined position on a first surface of the aluminum formwork conforming to an end face contour of a pre-embedded component; (c) coating with an adhesive Covering one end face of at least one module, and adhering and fixing the end face of the at least one module to the predetermined position on the first surface of the aluminum template, wherein the at least one module has an outer peripheral surface and the predetermined position The embedded member has an inner peripheral surface defining an inner space, and the outer peripheral surface of the at least one module matches the inner peripheral surface of the embedded member; (d) clipping the inner peripheral surface of the embedded member On the outer peripheral surface of the at least one module, the embedded component is fixed to the predetermined position on the first surface of the template. The method of any one of claims 10, 11, 13 and 14, further comprising pouring concrete into the space formed by the aluminum formwork and other aluminum formwork to form a reinforced concrete structure with the embedded member embedded fixed into the reinforced concrete structure. As in any one of claims 10, 11, 13 and 14, further comprising: removing the aluminum formwork so that the reinforced concrete structure and the embedded prefabs fixed to the reinforced concrete structure A buried member is separated from the first surface of the aluminum template. The method of claim 16, further comprising cutting away portions of the fasteners protruding from a surface of the formed reinforced concrete structure.

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