TWI766720B - The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site includes a continuous wall, a bottom wall, a caisson side wall, and a plurality of reinforced concrete barrel racks. The bottom wall includes a base and an outsole covering the base. The outsole includes a second wall on a side opposite the base. The side wall of the caisson is erected on the outsole. The caisson side wall includes a third wall surface facing the continuous wall, and a fourth wall surface opposite the third wall surface. The second wall surface and the fourth wall surface together define a storage space. The reinforced concrete bucket racks and a plurality of low-level nuclear waste buckets are stacked in the storage space. A soil-covered backfill groove is formed above the storage space. Between the base and the outsole, the third wall and the covering are coated with all-polyurea, which reduces the possibility of nuclear waste leaking to the natural environment, and can backfill soil and rock into the covering soil backfilling groove to create surface construction. scene.

Description

The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels

The present invention relates to a hazardous waste treatment facility, in particular to an underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site.

In the process of applying nuclear energy, radioactive nuclear waste will be produced. Organisms exposed to high doses of radiation from these nuclear wastes may have adverse effects, such as cell necrosis, tissue or organ disease, and even death. Therefore, strict management and special disposal of nuclear waste are necessary.

Nuclear waste is currently disposed of by long-term storage in specific facilities that allow it to decay over time and reduce the radiation it produces. When the radiation generated by nuclear waste is comparable to the background radiation in the natural environment, its danger is also reduced to the point where it is no different from ordinary substances and can coexist with living organisms. However, the decay period of nuclear waste is quite long, often hundreds of years, and the container for storing nuclear waste is easily corroded under the influence of atmospheric corrosive environment. If it leaks to the natural environment during the decay period, it will cause difficult to restore environmental pollution, causing great economic loss.

Also, nuclear waste can be further classified into high-level nuclear waste and low-level nuclear waste. High-level nuclear waste is highly radioactive and has a long half-life, such as spent fuel rods after use in nuclear power plants. Low-level nuclear waste is less radioactive and has a shorter half-life than high-level nuclear waste, such as debris from nuclear power plants, waste from nuclear medicine equipment, etc.

Since the radioactivity of low-level nuclear waste is relatively weak, basically, radioactivity can be eliminated after barreling. Generally, low-level nuclear waste barrels will be stored in reinforced concrete (Reinforced Concerte, RC) buildings. However, after long-term storage, not only low-grade nuclear waste barrels may be corroded or damaged, but RC buildings may also be affected by weathering, resulting in water leakage and cracks. Therefore, there is still the possibility of leakage of low-level nuclear waste into the natural environment. How to further eliminate the possibility of leakage has become an important issue.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site that can reduce the risk of leakage and can create landscaping on the surface.

Therefore, the final disposal site of the underground low-level nuclear waste barrels of the present invention is suitable for storing a plurality of low-level nuclear waste barrels. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels includes a foundation pit, a continuous wall, a bottom wall, a side wall of a caisson, and a plurality of reinforced concrete barrel racks.

The foundation pit is recessed from the ground surface and includes a pit bottom surface and a pit side surface surrounding the pit bottom surface. The continuous wall is constructed of reinforced concrete and covers the sides of the pit. The continuous wall includes a first wall on the side opposite the side of the pit. The bottom wall includes a base made of concrete and covered on the bottom surface of the pit, and a large bottom made of reinforced concrete and covered on the base. The outsole includes a second wall on a side opposite the base. The side walls of the caisson are constructed of reinforced concrete and are erected on the outsole in a surrounding shape. The caisson side wall includes a third wall surface facing the continuous wall, and a fourth wall surface on an opposite side of the third wall surface. The second wall surface and the fourth wall surface together define a storage space. The reinforced concrete bucket racks are disposed in the storage space and are used to support the low-level nuclear waste buckets and overlap with the low-level nuclear waste buckets.

Wherein, after the reinforced concrete barrel racks and the low-level nuclear waste barrels are stacked, concrete is poured between the reinforced concrete barrel racks and the low-level nuclear waste barrels, and a top side of the concrete is formed. fifth wall. The fourth wall surface and the fifth wall surface jointly define a soil-covering backfilling groove with an opening facing upward. All polyurea is coated between the base and the outsole, the third wall surface, the fourth wall surface corresponding to the part of the backfilling groove with soil and the fifth wall surface.

The effect of the present invention is: by coating all-polyurea between the base and the outsole, the third wall surface, the fourth wall surface corresponding to the backfill groove of the covering soil and the fifth wall surface, the reduction of nuclear waste from the The possibility of leakage from the storage space to the natural environment, and the underground structure design can effectively resist natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. In addition, earth and rock can be backfilled into the backfilling groove for landscaping on the surface.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the final disposal site of the underground low-level nuclear waste barrels of the present invention is suitable for storing a plurality of low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 .

The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels includes a foundation pit 1 , a continuous wall 2 , a bottom wall 3 , a caisson side wall 4 , a plurality of reinforced concrete barrel racks 5 , and a plurality of inspection wells 6 .

The foundation pit 1 is recessed from the ground surface and includes a pit bottom surface 11 and a pit side surface 12 surrounding the pit bottom surface 11 . The continuous wall 2 is constructed of reinforced concrete and covers the side 12 of the pit. The continuous wall 2 includes a first wall 21 on the side opposite the side 12 of the pit.

The bottom wall 3 includes a base 31 made of concrete and covering the bottom surface 11 of the pit, and a large bottom 32 made of reinforced concrete and covering the base 31 . The outsole 32 includes a second wall surface 321 on a side opposite to the base 31 . The strength of the concrete into which the outsole 32 is poured is approximately 5000 psi.

The side wall 4 of the caisson is constructed of reinforced concrete and is erected on the large bottom 32 in a surrounding shape. The caisson side wall 4 includes a third wall surface 41 facing the continuous wall 2 , and a fourth wall surface 42 on a side opposite to the third wall surface 41 . The distance between the first wall surface of the continuous wall 2 and the third wall surface 41 of the caisson side wall 4 is 3 meters or more. The second wall surface 321 and the fourth wall surface 42 together define a storage space S. The strength of the concrete poured into the side walls 4 of the caisson is also about 5000 psi.

The reinforced concrete bucket racks 5 are disposed in the storage space S and are used to support the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 and overlap with the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 .

The inspection wells 6 are recessed from the ground surface and are adjacent to the foundation pit 1 and arranged around the foundation pit 1 . The diameter of the inspection wells 6 in this embodiment is 14 inches.

Wherein, after the reinforced concrete barrel racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 are stacked, concrete is poured between the reinforced concrete barrel racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9, and the lowest level of the concrete is poured with concrete. A fifth wall surface 7 is formed on the top side. It is worth mentioning that the strength of the concrete poured between the reinforced concrete bucket racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 is about 1500 psi, or a foaming agent can be added to make lightweight foamed concrete (compression resistant). Strength 0.6~0.8MPa) to reduce weight, and use radiation-proof cement mortar and add alkaline accelerator.

The distance between the fifth wall surface 7 and the ground surface is 3 meters or more. The fourth wall surface 42 and the fifth wall surface 7 together define a soil-covering backfill groove G with an upward opening. Parts of the base 31 and the outsole 32 , the third wall 41 , the fourth wall 42 corresponding to the backfill groove G and the fifth wall 7 are coated with all-polyurea.

Referring to FIG. 3 , some basic structures must be constructed before storing the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 in this embodiment. First, the detection wells 6 should be pre-buried to monitor the groundwater level changes during construction. In addition, deep water motors can also be placed in the inspection wells 6 to pump out groundwater. Then, the continuous wall 2 (in this embodiment, the continuous wall 2 extends downward from the ground surface for 36 meters) is constructed to prevent earth and rock from falling out, and operations such as excavation of the stratum and extraction of groundwater are performed. After excavation to a predetermined depth, the base 31 is laid on the bottom surface 11 of the pit (priming work). After the substrate 31 is laid, all polyurea is coated on the substrate 31 (thickness is more than 3 mm) by spraying. After spraying, the setting out operation and grouting operation of the outsole 32 can be carried out. After the outsole 32 is constructed, the clear water formwork or the movable formwork is assembled to construct the side wall 4 of the caisson. After the construction of the caisson side wall 4 is completed, all polyurea is coated on the third wall surface 41 (thickness is more than 3 mm) by spraying. It is worth mentioning that the steel bars and steel bar connectors used in the continuous wall 2 , the outsole 32 and the caisson side wall 4 are all processed by hot-dip galvanizing to produce anti-rust and anti-corrosion effects.

Referring to FIG. 4 , then, the storage of the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 can be started. The reinforced concrete barrel racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 can be transported into the storage space S by means of hanging, so that the reinforced concrete barrel racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste barrels 9 are stacked on each other set. When the reinforced concrete bucket racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 are stacked to a certain height, a grouting operation will be performed with concrete. It should be noted that the purpose of grouting is to seal the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 and assist the reinforced concrete bucket racks 5 and the low-level nuclear waste buckets 9 to keep their positions and avoid damage caused by squeezing each other. In this embodiment, the stacking operation and the grouting operation are repeated three times in total, but this is only an example, and should not be limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 5 , after grouting three times in this embodiment, the fifth wall surface 7 is formed on the topmost side of the concrete, and together with the fourth wall surface 42 defines the backfilling groove G with soil. At this time, all polyurea is sprayed on the fourth wall surface 42 corresponding to the part of the backfill groove G and the fifth wall surface 7 to produce waterproof and anti-corrosion effects (thickness is more than 3 mm). After the coating is completed, the soil and rock can be backfilled into the soil-covered backfill groove G, and vegetation can be covered on the filled soil and rock to complete the surface landscaping (as shown in Figure 1).

In this way, the nuclear waste is properly sealed in the storage space S, and the material properties of all-polyurea waterproof and anti-corrosion are used to effectively prevent the nuclear waste from leaking to the natural environment. It is worth mentioning that, after the overall construction of the detection wells 6 is completed, they can also be used to monitor the surrounding radiation, which can further improve the safety of this embodiment. In addition, according to the aforementioned construction method, this embodiment is estimated to be able to be used for more than 300 years, and the underground structure design can effectively resist natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis.

To sum up, the final disposal site for the underground low-level nuclear waste barrels of the present invention is that between the base 31 and the outsole 32, the third wall 41, and the fourth wall 42 correspond to the backfill groove G The part and the fifth wall surface 7 are coated with all-polyurea to reduce the possibility of nuclear waste leaking from the storage space S to the natural environment, and the underground structure design can effectively resist natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. In addition, the earth and rock can be backfilled into the backfilling groove G of the covering soil to create landscaping on the ground surface, so the object of the present invention can be surely achieved.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

1: Foundation pit 11: Bottom of the pit 12: Pit side 2: Continuous wall 21: The first wall 3: Bottom wall 31: Base 32: Outsole 321: Second Wall 4: The side wall of the caisson 41: The third wall 42: Fourth Wall 5: Reinforced concrete bucket rack 6: Detection well 7: Fifth Wall 9: Low-level nuclear waste barrels S: storage space G: backfill groove with soil cover

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a side view of an embodiment of an underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic top view sectional structure diagram of the embodiment obtained along the imaginary line in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional structure diagram similar to FIG. 1, illustrating that no low-level nuclear waste barrels have been stored in this embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic side sectional structure diagram similar to FIG. 1 , illustrating that a plurality of low-level nuclear waste barrels are stored and grouted once in this embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a schematic side sectional structure diagram similar to FIG. 1 , illustrating that a plurality of low-level nuclear waste barrels are stored and grouted three times to form a fifth wall in this embodiment.

1: Foundation pit

11: Bottom of the pit

12: Pit side

2: Continuous wall

21: The first wall

3: Bottom wall

31: Base

32: Outsole

321: Second Wall

4: The side wall of the caisson

41: The third wall

42: Fourth Wall

5: Reinforced concrete bucket rack

6: Detection well

7: Fifth Wall

9: Low-level nuclear waste barrels

S: storage space

G: backfill groove with soil cover

Claims (7)

An underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site, suitable for storing a plurality of low-level nuclear waste barrels, the underground low-level nuclear waste barrel final disposal site comprises: a foundation pit, which is recessed from the ground surface and includes a pit bottom surface, and a pit side surrounding the pit bottom surface; a continuous wall constructed of reinforced concrete and covering the pit side, the continuous wall including a first wall on the side opposite to the pit side; a bottom wall, including A base constructed of concrete and covering the bottom of the pit, and a large base constructed of reinforced concrete and covering the base, the outsole including a second wall on the side opposite to the base; a caisson side wall , constructed of reinforced concrete and erected on the large bottom and in a surrounding shape, the side wall of the caisson includes a third wall facing the continuous wall, and a fourth wall on the side opposite to the third wall, the first wall The two walls and the fourth wall jointly define a storage space, the distance between the first wall of the continuous wall and the third wall of the side wall of the caisson is more than 3 meters; and a plurality of reinforced concrete bucket racks are arranged in the storage space And it is used to support the low-level nuclear waste barrels and overlap with the low-level nuclear waste barrels, wherein, after the reinforced concrete barrels and the low-level nuclear waste barrels are stacked, Concrete is poured between the concrete bucket rack and the low-level nuclear waste buckets, and a fifth wall surface is formed on the topmost side of the concrete. The fourth wall surface and the fifth wall surface jointly define a backfilling groove with an opening facing upwards. All polyurea is coated between the base and the outsole, the third wall surface, the fourth wall surface corresponding to the part of the backfilling groove with soil and the fifth wall surface. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the fifth wall surface and the ground surface is 3 meters or more. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of inspection wells recessed from the ground surface and adjacent to the foundation pit, and the inspection wells are arranged around the foundation pit. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel bars used in the continuous wall, the outsole and the side wall of the caisson are hot-dip galvanized. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete poured between the reinforced concrete barrel racks and the low-level nuclear waste barrels adopts radiation-proof cement mortar and adds alkaline Accelerator. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the earth-covering backfill tank is filled with earth and rocks. The final disposal site for underground low-level nuclear waste barrels as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil and rocks filled in the backfilling trench are covered with vegetation.

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