TWI764426B - straddle vehicle - Google Patents

straddle vehicle

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TWI764426B
TWI764426B TW109143866A TW109143866A TWI764426B TW I764426 B TWI764426 B TW I764426B TW 109143866 A TW109143866 A TW 109143866A TW 109143866 A TW109143866 A TW 109143866A TW I764426 B TWI764426 B TW I764426B
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Taiwan
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power storage
storage unit
voltage
permanent magnet
engine
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TW109143866A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW202128471A (en
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日野陽至
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日商山葉發動機股份有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本發明之目的在於提供一種可抑制設置於曲軸之一端部之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之性能降低並且使車體為小型的跨坐型車輛。跨坐型車輛具備車輪、引擎、永久磁鐵式馬達發電機、第1蓄電部、第2蓄電部、變流器及電流維持電路。第1蓄電部係具有12 V以上之最大額定電壓之電池。第2蓄電部係始終與第1蓄電部串聯連接，且具有大於第1蓄電部之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率。電流維持電路係於引擎之啟動或輔助時，自串聯連接之第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部經由變流器向永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出電流，並且於充電期間，維持如下狀態，即，不將第2蓄電部電性切斷，以施加至第2蓄電部之電壓不超過對第2蓄電部設定之上限電壓之方式使充電電流流至第1蓄電部。It is an object of the present invention to provide a saddle-riding type vehicle which can suppress performance degradation of a permanent magnet motor generator provided at one end of a crankshaft and can make the vehicle body small. The straddle-type vehicle includes wheels, an engine, a permanent magnet motor generator, a first power storage unit, a second power storage unit, an inverter, and a current maintenance circuit. The first power storage unit is a battery having a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more. The second power storage unit is always connected in series with the first power storage unit, and has a maximum charging rate twice as large as the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. The current maintenance circuit outputs current to the permanent magnet motor-generator from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series through the inverter when the engine is started or assisted, and during the charging period, the following state is maintained, that is, The second power storage unit is not electrically disconnected, and the charging current flows to the first power storage unit so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit.

Description

跨坐型車輛straddle vehicle

本發明係關於一種跨坐型車輛。 The present invention relates to a straddle-type vehicle.

例如，於專利文獻1中示出一種跨坐型車輛。專利文獻1之跨坐型車輛係油電混合車輛。專利文獻1之跨坐型車輛具備引擎、ACG啟動器(alternating current generator starter，交流發電機啟動器)、第1電池及第2電池。 For example, Patent Document 1 shows a saddle-riding type vehicle. The saddle-riding vehicle of Patent Document 1 is a hybrid vehicle. The saddle-ridden vehicle of Patent Document 1 includes an engine, an ACG starter (alternating current generator starter), a first battery, and a second battery.

ACG啟動器係永久磁鐵式發電機。ACG啟動器設置於引擎之曲軸之一端部。引擎藉由ACG啟動器之驅動而啟動。第1電池係對ACG啟動器供給電力之48V系電池。第2電池係對複數個輔機供給電力之低電壓12V系電池。ACG啟動器作為發電機發揮功能。對第1電池充電。又，第1電池之電壓引起的電荷儲存於電容器中。該電荷經由變換器對第2電池充電。 ACG starters are permanent magnet generators. The ACG starter is arranged at one end of the crankshaft of the engine. The engine is started by the drive of the ACG starter. The first battery is a 48V battery that supplies power to the ACG starter. The second battery is a low-voltage 12V battery that supplies power to a plurality of auxiliary machines. The ACG starter functions as a generator. Charge the first battery. In addition, the electric charge due to the voltage of the first battery is stored in the capacitor. This electric charge charges the second battery via the inverter.

專利文獻1之跨坐型車輛之第1電池藉由對ACG啟動器供給電力而使引擎啟動。於第1電池之剩餘電容未達設定值之情形時，藉由自第2電池供給之電力使ACG啟動器驅動。 The 1st battery of the saddle-riding vehicle of patent document 1 starts an engine by supplying electric power to an ACG starter. When the residual capacitance of the first battery does not reach the set value, the ACG starter is driven by the power supplied from the second battery.

先前技術文獻 prior art literature 專利文獻 Patent Literature

專利文獻1：國際公開第2018/180650號 Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2018/180650

跨坐型車輛構成為於行駛時藉由騎乘者之體重移動來控制車輛之姿勢。因此，就操作性及行駛性能之觀點而言，要求跨坐型車輛之車體為小型。 The straddle-type vehicle is configured to control the posture of the vehicle by moving the body weight of the rider while running. Therefore, from the viewpoint of operability and running performance, the vehicle body of the straddle-type vehicle is required to be small.

要求跨坐型車輛抑制引擎啟動性能之降低並且使車體為小型。 The straddle-type vehicle is required to suppress the reduction in engine start-up performance and to make the vehicle body small.

例如，如專利文獻1所示，跨坐型車輛之ACG啟動器不經由齒輪或皮帶輪等減速裝置而連接於曲軸。因此，包含引擎與ACG啟動器之單元之構造簡單，可實現跨坐型車輛之車體之小型化。 For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the ACG starter of a saddle-riding vehicle is connected to the crankshaft without interposing a reduction gear such as a gear or a pulley. Therefore, the structure of the unit including the engine and the ACG starter is simple, and the miniaturization of the vehicle body of the saddle-riding vehicle can be realized.

不經由減速機而設置於曲軸之ACG啟動器與經由減速裝置連接於曲軸之情形相比，於發揮引擎啟動性能來驅動曲軸之情形時要求輸出較大轉矩。 Compared with the case where the ACG starter provided on the crankshaft without the speed reducer is connected to the crankshaft through the speed reducer, when the crankshaft is driven by the engine starting performance, a larger torque is required to output.

要求跨坐型車輛抑制引擎啟動或輔助性能之降低並且使車體為小型。 The straddle-type vehicle is required to suppress the reduction of engine start or assist performance and to make the vehicle body small.

本發明之目的在於提供一種跨坐型車輛，其可抑制不經由減速機而設置於曲軸之永久磁鐵式發電機之引擎啟動或輔助性能之降低，並且使車體為小型。 An object of the present invention is to provide a straddle-type vehicle capable of suppressing reduction in engine start-up and assisting performance of a permanent magnet generator provided on a crankshaft without a speed reducer, and having a compact vehicle body.

根據專利文獻1之跨坐型車輛，例如第1電池輸出48V以啟動引擎。再者，於第1電池之剩餘電容未達設定值之情形時，電源自第1電池切換成12V系之第2電池。輸出48V以啟動引擎之第1電池由於內置較12V系電池多之單電池，故與一般輸出12V之電池相比更大型。其結果，如專利文獻1所示之跨坐型車輛雖然具備不經由減速裝置而連接於曲軸之ACG啟動器，但反而大型化。即，無法使車體為小型。 According to the saddle-riding vehicle of Patent Document 1, for example, the first battery outputs 48V to start the engine. Furthermore, when the remaining capacitance of the first battery does not reach the set value, the power source is switched from the first battery to the second battery of 12V series. The first battery that outputs 48V to start the engine has more single cells built in than 12V batteries, so it is larger than the general output 12V battery. As a result, the saddle-riding type vehicle as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with an ACG starter connected to the crankshaft without passing through a reduction gear, but on the contrary, the size of the vehicle increases. That is, the vehicle body cannot be made small.

本發明人考慮了有效利用2種蓄電部之方法。 The inventors of the present invention considered a method of effectively utilizing the two types of power storage units.

本發明人除了對具有12V以上之最大額定電壓且蓄積電力之第1蓄電部進行研究以外，還對始終與第1蓄電部串聯連接之第2蓄電部進行了研究。第2蓄電部設定為具有較第1蓄電部之最大充電率大之最大充電率。本發明人進而對追加電流維持電路進行了研究，上述電流維持電路維持如下狀態，即，以施加至第2蓄電部之電壓不超過第2蓄電部之上限電壓之方式產生電壓下降且使充電電流流至第1蓄電部。 The inventors of the present invention have studied, in addition to the first power storage unit having a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more and storing electric power, the second power storage unit that is always connected in series with the first power storage unit. The second power storage unit is set to have a larger maximum charging rate than the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. The inventors of the present invention have further studied an additional current maintaining circuit that maintains a state in which a voltage drop is generated so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit and the charging current is reduced flows to the first power storage unit.

藉此，對第1蓄電部充電期間，可維持如下狀態，即，不將第2蓄電部電性切斷，以施加至第2蓄電部之電壓不超過對第2蓄電部設定之上限電壓之方式使充電電流流至第1蓄電部。 As a result, while the first power storage unit is being charged, a state in which the second power storage unit is not electrically disconnected can be maintained so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit. A charging current is made to flow to the first power storage unit.

又，於日本專利特表2014-510657號公報中示出了汽車所具備之第1電壓供給單元與蓄電單元。根據該公報，蓄電單元係根據開關之狀態被切斷，因此，有時發電之最大電壓直接被施加至第1電壓供給單元。於如日本專利特表2014-510657號公報所示之汽車中，一般搭載能以磁場電流調整輸出之交流發電機。 In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-510657 discloses a first voltage supply unit and a power storage unit included in an automobile. According to this publication, since the power storage unit is cut off according to the state of the switch, the maximum voltage of the power generation may be directly applied to the first voltage supply unit. In automobiles such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-510657, an alternator capable of adjusting the output with a magnetic field current is generally mounted.

與此相對，跨坐型車輛藉由具備永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，可使搭載之發電器件小型化。但是，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機不同於交流發電機，無法利用磁場電流來調節發電電力。 On the other hand, the straddle-type vehicle is provided with a permanent magnet type motor generator, so that the mounted power generating device can be reduced in size. However, unlike the alternator, the permanent magnet motor generator cannot adjust the generated electric power using the magnetic field current.

但是，藉由將電流維持電路設為不將第2蓄電部電性切斷而產生電壓下降之構成，可將施加至第1蓄電部之剩餘電壓抑制為適於第1蓄電部之充電。 However, by configuring the current maintaining circuit so as not to electrically disconnect the second power storage unit to cause a voltage drop, the residual voltage applied to the first power storage unit can be suppressed to be suitable for charging the first power storage unit.

蓄電裝置具備具有12V以上之最大額定電壓之第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部，且第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部始終串聯連接，藉此，於蓄電裝置放電時，可輸出大於12V之電壓。藉此，於引擎之啟動或輔助時，能以 大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機及變流器。藉由第2蓄電部之組合，容易輸出大於12V之電壓。 The power storage device includes a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit with a maximum rated voltage of 12V or more, and the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit are always connected in series, so that when the power storage device is discharged, it can output a voltage greater than 12V . In this way, when the engine is started or assisted, the Voltages greater than 12V drive permanent magnet motor generators and converters. With the combination of the second power storage unit, it is easy to output a voltage greater than 12V.

而且，藉由調整與第1蓄電部組合之第2蓄電部之種類及構成、以及電流維持電路之電壓，可容易地使蓄電裝置放電時之電壓符合永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之能力及要求輸出。即，作為蓄電裝置之輸出電壓，可容易地設定較第1蓄電部之電壓大之電壓。 Furthermore, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit combined with the first power storage unit and the voltage of the current maintaining circuit, the voltage at the time of discharging the power storage device can be easily adjusted to the capacity and required output of the permanent magnet motor generator. . That is, as the output voltage of the power storage device, a voltage larger than the voltage of the first power storage unit can be easily set.

第2蓄電部之最大充電率設定為大於第1蓄電部之最大充電率之2倍。因此，於蓄電裝置充電時流經第2蓄電部之電流亦流經第1蓄電部之情形時，第2蓄電部之相對於滿充電之充電率容易高於第1蓄電部之充電率。即，例如，第2蓄電部於較第1蓄電部短之期間內充電。因此，即便於蓄電裝置放電後進行充電之中途，蓄電裝置亦能夠輸出大於12V之電壓，而且，於充電開始後可於短時間內恢復成能夠輸出較大電壓之狀態。 The maximum charging rate of the second power storage unit is set to be more than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. Therefore, when the current flowing through the second power storage section also flows through the first power storage section when the power storage device is charged, the charging rate of the second power storage section to full charge is likely to be higher than that of the first power storage section. That is, for example, the second power storage unit is charged in a period shorter than that of the first power storage unit. Therefore, even in the middle of charging the power storage device after being discharged, the power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12V, and can return to a state capable of outputting a larger voltage in a short period of time after charging is started.

因此，於引擎之啟動或輔助時，能以大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機。 Therefore, when the engine is started or assisted, the permanent magnet motor generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12V.

例如，日本專利特表2014-510657號公報中之第1電壓供給單元與蓄電單元係串聯連接。來自串聯連接之第1電壓供給單元與蓄電單元兩者之電壓供給至對施加電壓要求穩定化之電力組件。於引擎之啟動或輔助時，僅自第1電壓供給單元與蓄電單元中之第1電壓供給單元對作為啟動馬達之第1電氣機械供給電力。第1電壓供給單元係12V之電池。因此，供給至啟動馬達之最大電壓被限制為12V。 For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-510657, the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit are connected in series. The voltages from both the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit connected in series are supplied to the power components that require stabilization of the applied voltage. When the engine is started or assisted, electric power is supplied to the first electrical machine serving as the starter motor only from the first voltage supply unit among the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit. The first voltage supply unit is a 12V battery. Therefore, the maximum voltage supplied to the starter motor is limited to 12V.

與此相對，於啟動馬達自串聯連接之第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部接受電力供給之情形時，與12V以下之情形相比，啟動馬達可輸出更大轉矩。又，啟動馬達可驅動曲軸達到更高之旋轉速度。因此，可提高跨坐 型車輛之啟動性能或輔助性能。 On the other hand, when the starter motor receives power supply from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series, the starter motor can output a larger torque than the case of 12V or less. Also, the starter motor can drive the crankshaft to higher rotational speeds. Therefore, the straddling can be improved The starting performance or auxiliary performance of the type vehicle.

蓄電裝置藉由第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部之組合而可輸出大於12V之電壓。因此，第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部均無須單獨輸出大於12V之電壓。因此，關於以大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之構成，例如與如專利文獻1般第1蓄電部或第2蓄電部中之至少一者對應於大於12V之電壓之情形相比，可使蓄電裝置之容積小型化。 The power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12V by the combination of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit. Therefore, neither the first power storage part nor the second power storage part needs to output a voltage greater than 12V independently. Therefore, with regard to the configuration of driving the permanent magnet motor generator at a voltage greater than 12V, for example, as in Patent Document 1, at least one of the first power storage unit or the second power storage unit corresponds to a voltage greater than 12V, The volume of the power storage device can be miniaturized.

又，於蓄電裝置放電之情形及充電之情形這兩種情形時，蓄電裝置與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之間之電壓大於12V。因此，傳輸電力之情形時，可減少在蓄電裝置與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之間流動之電流。因此，可減少電流之損失。又，如上所述，第2蓄電部於較第1蓄電部短之期間內充電。又，由於第1蓄電部係電池，故放電引起之電壓降低量較第2蓄電部小。即，因放電引起之第1蓄電部之電壓降低得以抑制。因此，於自蓄電裝置已放電之狀態開始充電後的短時間內，蓄電裝置可輸出第1蓄電部之電壓加上第2蓄電部之電壓所得之較大電壓。 In addition, in both the case of discharging the power storage device and the case of charging, the voltage between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator is greater than 12V. Therefore, in the case of transmitting electric power, the current flowing between the power storage device and the permanent magnet type motor generator can be reduced. Therefore, the loss of current can be reduced. In addition, as described above, the second power storage unit is charged in a shorter period than the first power storage unit. In addition, since the first power storage unit is a battery, the amount of voltage drop due to discharge is smaller than that of the second power storage unit. That is, the voltage drop of the 1st power storage part by discharge is suppressed. Therefore, the power storage device can output a larger voltage obtained by adding the voltage of the first power storage unit to the voltage of the second power storage unit in a short time after charging starts from the state of the power storage device being discharged.

由於蓄電裝置可輸出較大電壓，故可針對某一損失之容許範圍將蓄電裝置-變流器永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之配線距離設定得較長。其結果，蓄電裝置及變流器於車體中之佈局自由度提高，因此，可調整蓄電裝置及變流器之配置位置，使得能夠抑制配置蓄電裝置及變流器之情形時產生之空間浪費。因此，可使車體為小型。 Since the power storage device can output a large voltage, the wiring distance between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor-generator of the inverter can be set to be longer for a certain loss tolerance range. As a result, the degree of freedom of the layout of the power storage device and the converter in the vehicle body is improved, so that the arrangement positions of the power storage device and the converter can be adjusted, so that the waste of space generated when the power storage device and the converter are arranged can be suppressed. . Therefore, the vehicle body can be made small.

基於以上見解而完成之本發明之基於各觀點之跨坐型車輛具備以下構成。 The straddle-type vehicle based on each viewpoint of this invention which was completed based on the above knowledge has the following structure.

(1)一種跨坐型車輛，其具備：車輪； 引擎，其具有曲軸，且自上述曲軸輸出藉由燃燒動作產生之用以驅動上述車輪之轉矩；永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，其設置於上述曲軸之一端部，具有永久磁鐵，藉由使上述曲軸旋轉而啟動或輔助上述引擎，並且藉由被上述引擎驅動而發電；第1蓄電部，其係具有12V以上之最大額定電壓且蓄積電力之電池；第2蓄電部，其相對於上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機始終與上述第1蓄電部串聯連接，且具有大於上述第1蓄電部之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率；變流器，其電性連接於始終和上述第1蓄電部串聯連接之上述第2蓄電部及上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，且具備對自上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出之電流進行控制之複數個切換部；及電流維持電路，其於上述引擎之啟動或輔助時，自串聯連接之上述第1蓄電部及上述第2蓄電部經由上述變流器向不經由減速機而設置於上述曲軸之一端部之上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出電流，並且於藉由上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機發電而上述變流器至少對上述第1蓄電部充電期間，維持如下狀態，即，不將上述第2蓄電部電性切斷，以施加至上述第2蓄電部之電壓不超過對上述第2蓄電部設定之上限電壓之方式使充電電流流至上述第1蓄電部。 (1) A straddle-type vehicle comprising: wheels; an engine having a crankshaft, and outputting from the crankshaft a torque generated by a combustion operation for driving the wheels; a permanent magnet motor generator provided at one end of the crankshaft and having a permanent magnet, by making the above The crankshaft rotates to start or assist the engine, and generates electricity by being driven by the engine; the first power storage part is a battery that has a maximum rated voltage of 12V or more and stores electric power; the second power storage part is opposite to the permanent magnet A type motor-generator is always connected in series with the first power storage unit, and has a maximum charging rate that is greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit; an inverter is electrically connected to the first power storage unit always The above-mentioned second power storage unit and the above-mentioned permanent magnet type motor-generator are connected in series, and are provided with a plurality of switching parts for controlling the current output from the above-mentioned permanent magnet type motor-generator; and a current maintenance circuit for starting the above-mentioned engine Or when assisting, output current from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series to the permanent magnet motor-generator provided at one end of the crankshaft without passing through the speed reducer through the inverter, and at The inverter maintains a state in which power is generated by the permanent magnet motor generator and the first power storage unit is charged at least while the second power storage unit is not electrically disconnected and applied to the second power storage unit. A charging current is allowed to flow to the first power storage section so that the voltage of the section does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage section.

於上述構成之跨坐型車輛中，藉由具有12V以上之最大額定電壓之第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部始終串聯連接，而於蓄電裝置放電之情形時，可輸出大於12V之電壓。再者，蓄電裝置具備第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部。藉此，於引擎之啟動或輔助時，能以大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式 馬達發電機及變流器。藉由第2蓄電部之組合，容易輸出大於12V之電壓。 In the straddle-type vehicle with the above configuration, since the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit having a maximum rated voltage of 12V or more are always connected in series, when the power storage device is discharged, a voltage greater than 12V can be output. Furthermore, the power storage device includes a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit. Therefore, when the engine is started or assisted, the permanent magnet type can be driven with a voltage greater than 12V Motor generators and converters. With the combination of the second power storage unit, it is easy to output a voltage greater than 12V.

而且，藉由調整與第1蓄電部組合之第2蓄電部之種類及構成，可容易地使蓄電裝置放電時之電壓符合永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之能力及要求輸出。 Furthermore, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit combined with the first power storage unit, the voltage at the time of discharge of the power storage device can be easily matched to the capacity and required output of the permanent magnet motor-generator.

第2蓄電部之最大充電率設定為大於第1蓄電部之最大充電率之2倍。因此，於蓄電裝置充電時流經第2蓄電部之電流亦流至與第2蓄電部處於串聯連接之關係之第1蓄電部的情形時，第2蓄電部之相對於滿充電之充電率容易高於第1蓄電部之充電率。即，例如，第2蓄電部於較第1蓄電部短之期間內充電。因此，即便於蓄電裝置暫且放電之後在充電中途又放電之情形時，蓄電裝置亦能夠輸出大於12V之電壓。 The maximum charging rate of the second power storage unit is set to be more than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. Therefore, when the current flowing through the second power storage unit during charging of the power storage device also flows to the first power storage unit that is connected in series with the second power storage unit, the charging rate of the second power storage unit to full charge tends to be high The charging rate in the first power storage unit. That is, for example, the second power storage unit is charged in a period shorter than that of the first power storage unit. Therefore, even when the power storage device is once discharged and then discharged in the middle of charging, the power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12V.

第2蓄電部之充電狀態於較第1蓄電部短之期間內發生變化。電流維持電路以第2蓄電部不超過第2蓄電部之上限電壓之方式產生電壓下降。於上述構成之跨坐型車輛中，藉由電流維持電路維持如下狀態，即，以第2蓄電部不超過第2蓄電部之上限電壓之方式使充電電流流至第1蓄電部。因此，例如於第2蓄電部之充電結束後亦可繼續維持對第1蓄電部之充電狀態。 The state of charge of the second power storage unit changes in a period shorter than that of the first power storage unit. The current maintaining circuit generates a voltage drop so that the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit. In the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above, the current maintaining circuit maintains a state in which the charging current flows to the first power storage unit so that the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit. Therefore, for example, after the charging of the second power storage section is completed, the state of charging of the first power storage section can be maintained continuously.

又，於上述構成之跨坐型車輛中，於引擎之啟動或輔助時，能以大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，因此，與12V以下之情形相比，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機可輸出較大轉矩。又，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機可驅動曲軸達到更高之旋轉速度。因此，於具有設置於曲軸之一端部之永久磁鐵式發電機之跨坐型車輛中，可抑制性能降低。 Furthermore, in the straddle-type vehicle with the above-mentioned configuration, the permanent magnet motor-generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12V when the engine is started or assisted. Therefore, the permanent-magnet motor-generator can be Larger torque can be output. Also, the permanent magnet motor generator can drive the crankshaft to achieve higher rotational speeds. Therefore, in a saddle-riding type vehicle having a permanent magnet generator provided at one end of the crankshaft, performance degradation can be suppressed.

蓄電裝置藉由第1蓄電部與第2蓄電部之組合而可輸出大於 12V之電壓。因此，第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部均無須輸出大於12V之電壓。因此，關於以大於12V之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之構成，例如與如專利文獻1般第1蓄電部或第2蓄電部中之至少一者對應於大於12V之電壓之情形相比，可使蓄電裝置之容積小型化。 The power storage device can output more than 12V voltage. Therefore, neither the first power storage part nor the second power storage part need to output a voltage greater than 12V. Therefore, with regard to the configuration of driving the permanent magnet motor generator at a voltage greater than 12V, for example, as in Patent Document 1, at least one of the first power storage unit or the second power storage unit corresponds to a voltage greater than 12V, The volume of the power storage device can be miniaturized.

又，於蓄電裝置放電之情形及充電之情形這兩種情形時，蓄電裝置與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之間之電壓大於12V。因此，於傳輸電力之情形時，可減少在蓄電裝置與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之間流動之電流。因此，可減少電流之損失。因此，可針對某一損失之容許範圍將蓄電裝置-變流器永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之配線距離加長。其結果，蓄電裝置及變流器於車體中之佈局自由度提高，因此，可調整蓄電裝置及變流器之配置位置，使得能夠抑制配置蓄電裝置及變流器之情形時產生之空間浪費。因此，可使車體為小型。 In addition, in both the case of discharging the power storage device and the case of charging, the voltage between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator is greater than 12V. Therefore, in the case of transmitting electric power, the current flowing between the power storage device and the permanent magnet type motor generator can be reduced. Therefore, the loss of current can be reduced. Therefore, the wiring distance between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor-generator of the inverter can be lengthened for a certain loss tolerance range. As a result, the degree of freedom of the layout of the power storage device and the converter in the vehicle body is improved, so that the arrangement positions of the power storage device and the converter can be adjusted, so that the waste of space generated when the power storage device and the converter are arranged can be suppressed. . Therefore, the vehicle body can be made small.

如此，根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，於具有設置於曲軸之一端部之永久磁鐵式發電機之跨坐型車輛中，可抑制引擎啟動或輔助性能之降低並且使車體為小型。 In this way, according to the saddle-riding type vehicle having the above-mentioned configuration, in the saddle-riding type vehicle having the permanent magnet generator provided at one end of the crankshaft, the vehicle body can be made compact while suppressing a reduction in engine starting and assisting performance.

(2)如(1)之跨坐型車輛，其中上述第2蓄電部之上限電壓低於上述第1蓄電部之最大額定電壓。 (2) The straddle-type vehicle according to (1), wherein the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit.

根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，於蓄電裝置充電時，第2蓄電部容易於較第1蓄電部短之期間內充電。因此，第2蓄電部於較輸出12V以上之電壓之第1蓄電部之充電期間短之充電期間內充電。因此，於較短之充電期間之後，亦能夠有效利用第2蓄電部。 According to the straddle-type vehicle having the above-described configuration, when the power storage device is charged, the second power storage unit is easily charged in a period shorter than that of the first power storage unit. Therefore, the second power storage unit is charged in a charging period shorter than the charging period of the first power storage unit outputting a voltage of 12V or more. Therefore, even after a short charging period, the second power storage unit can be effectively used.

(3)如(1)或(2)之跨坐型車輛，其中於上述變流器至少對上述第1蓄電部充電期間，施加至上述第2蓄電 部之上述電壓即第2電壓低於施加至上述第1蓄電部之第1電壓。 (3) The straddle-type vehicle according to (1) or (2), wherein the second power storage unit is applied to the second power storage unit while the inverter is charging at least the first power storage unit. The above-mentioned voltage of the part, that is, the second voltage is lower than the first voltage applied to the above-mentioned first power storage part.

根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，第2電壓低於第1電壓。因此，可不變更自蓄電裝置及變流器接受電壓供給而動作之電動輔機之種類來調整蓄電裝置之電壓。 According to the straddle-type vehicle having the above-mentioned configuration, the second voltage is lower than the first voltage. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the voltage of the power storage device without changing the type of electric auxiliary machine that is operated by receiving the voltage supply from the power storage device and the converter.

(4)如(1)至(3)中任一項之跨坐型車輛，其中上述跨坐型車輛具備與作為電池之上述第1蓄電部並聯連接之電容器。 (4) The straddle-type vehicle according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the straddle-type vehicle includes a capacitor connected in parallel with the first power storage unit as a battery.

上述構成之跨坐型車輛之第1蓄電部例如即便於因劣化導致充電電容降低之情形時，亦可抑制最大額定電壓之降低，因此，能以最大額定電壓對電容器充電。因此，於引擎之啟動或輔助時，充入電容器之電荷亦可一併對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出電力。 The first power storage unit of the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above can suppress the decrease in the maximum rated voltage even when the charging capacity decreases due to deterioration, for example, so that the capacitor can be charged at the maximum rated voltage. Therefore, when the engine is started or assisted, the electric charge charged into the capacitor can also output power to the permanent magnet motor generator together.

(5)如(1)至(4)中任一項之跨坐型車輛，其中永久磁鐵式馬達發電機具備：轉子，其具有由上述永久磁鐵構成之複數個磁極部；及定子，其具有於上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之周向上隔開間隔地形成有複數個槽之定子芯、及以通過上述槽之方式設置之繞組；且上述磁極部之數量多於上述複數個齒之數量。 (5) The saddle-riding type vehicle according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the permanent magnet type motor generator includes: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the permanent magnets; and a stator having A stator core having a plurality of slots and windings arranged so as to pass through the slots are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet motor generator, and the number of the magnetic pole portions is greater than the number of the plurality of teeth.

根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，與磁極部之數量少於複數個齒之數量之情形相比，對於轉子之旋轉速度的角速度更大。 According to the saddle-riding type vehicle having the above-mentioned configuration, the angular velocity with respect to the rotational speed of the rotor is larger than that in the case where the number of the magnetic pole portions is smaller than the number of the plurality of teeth.

角速度係以磁極之重複週期為基準之電角度相關之角速度。若角速度較大，則繞組之電感較大。又，角速度隨著轉子之旋轉速度增大而進一步增大。繞組之電感會妨礙流經繞組之電流。因此，感應電動勢隨著轉子之旋轉速度增大而增大，藉由較大之繞組電感，可抑制自發電機輸出之電 流過度增大。 The angular velocity is the angular velocity related to the electrical angle based on the repetition period of the magnetic pole. If the angular velocity is larger, the inductance of the winding is larger. Also, the angular velocity further increases as the rotational speed of the rotor increases. The inductance of the winding prevents the current flowing through the winding. Therefore, the induced electromotive force increases with the increase of the rotational speed of the rotor, and the electric power output from the generator can be suppressed by the larger winding inductance. The flow is excessively increased.

因此，根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，與磁極部之數量少於複數個齒之數量之情形相比，可將蓄電裝置充電至更高之曲軸旋轉速度。因此，可抑制電力之多餘消耗。 Therefore, according to the straddle-type vehicle having the above-described configuration, the power storage device can be charged to a higher crankshaft rotational speed than in the case where the number of the magnetic pole portions is smaller than the number of the plurality of teeth. Therefore, excessive consumption of electric power can be suppressed.

(6)如(1)至(4)中任一項之跨坐型車輛，其中永久磁鐵式發電機具備：轉子，其具有由上述永久磁鐵構成之複數個磁極部，且不經由減速機而連接於曲軸之一端部；定子，其具有於上述永久磁鐵式發電機之周向上隔開間隔地形成有複數個槽之定子芯、及以通過上述槽之方式設置之定子繞組；複數個被檢測部，其等在周向上隔開間隔地設置於上述轉子；及轉子位置檢測裝置，其設置於與複數個上述被檢測部對向之位置，且具有與上述定子繞組分開設置之檢測用繞組。 (6) The saddle-riding type vehicle according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the permanent magnet type generator includes a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the permanent magnets, and which is not connected via a speed reducer. Connected to one end of the crankshaft; a stator having a stator core with a plurality of slots formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet generator, and a stator winding arranged so as to pass through the slots; a plurality of detected parts, which are provided on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction; and a rotor position detection device, which is provided at a position opposite to the plurality of the parts to be detected and has a detection winding provided separately from the stator winding.

(7)如(1)至(6)中任一項之跨坐型車輛，其中上述引擎進而具備構成為內部利用油潤滑之曲軸箱，且上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機設置於與上述油接觸之位置。 (7) The saddle-riding vehicle according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the engine further includes a crankcase configured to be lubricated with oil inside, and the permanent magnet motor generator is provided in contact with the oil the location.

根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，可在達到較高之曲軸旋轉速度之範圍內不多餘消耗電力而對蓄電裝置充電。因此，於此種永久磁鐵式馬達發電機中，定子繞組之溫度不高於或難以高於油之溫度，因此，即便永久磁鐵式馬達發電機以與油接觸之方式配置，亦可抑制油蒸發。 According to the saddle-riding type vehicle having the above-described configuration, the power storage device can be charged without excessively consuming electric power within the range of reaching a high crankshaft rotational speed. Therefore, in this permanent magnet motor-generator, the temperature of the stator winding is not higher than or difficult to be higher than the temperature of the oil. Therefore, even if the permanent magnet motor-generator is disposed in contact with the oil, oil evaporation can be suppressed. .

例如，於永久磁鐵式馬達發電機配置於與油接觸之環境下之情形時，通常要求使冷卻機構大型化。但是，根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，可抑制或避免冷卻機構大型化。因此，可使車體更小型。 For example, when the permanent magnet type motor generator is placed in an environment in contact with oil, it is generally required to increase the size of the cooling mechanism. However, according to the straddle-type vehicle having the above-mentioned configuration, the cooling mechanism can be suppressed or avoided from being enlarged. Therefore, the vehicle body can be made smaller.

(8)如(1)至(7)中任一項之跨坐型車輛，其中 上述變流器係於上述跨坐型車輛之行駛中，將來自上述第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部之電力供給至上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，使永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輔助曲軸之旋轉。 (8) The straddle-type vehicle of any one of (1) to (7), wherein The inverter supplies the electric power from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to the permanent magnet motor-generator while the straddle-type vehicle is running, so that the permanent magnet motor-generator assists the rotation of the crankshaft. .

根據上述構成之跨坐型車輛，於跨坐型車輛之行駛中，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機能以大於12V之電壓驅動。因此，與例如以12V驅動之情形相比，可驅動曲軸達到更高之旋轉速度。因此，與例如以12V驅動之情形相比，可輔助藉由引擎之加速，使之達到更高之旋轉速度。進而，與例如設置與12V之蓄電裝置不同之蓄電裝置之情形相比，可使車體更小型。 According to the straddle-type vehicle having the above-mentioned configuration, the permanent magnet motor-generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12V during the running of the straddle-type vehicle. Thus, the crankshaft can be driven to a higher rotational speed than, for example, driving at 12V. Therefore, the acceleration of the engine can be assisted to achieve a higher rotational speed than in the case of driving with 12V, for example. Furthermore, compared to the case where a power storage device different from a 12V power storage device is provided, for example, the vehicle body can be made smaller.

第1蓄電部例如為電池。第1蓄電部例如為鉛電池。但是，第1蓄電部並無特別限定，例如亦可為鋰離子電池。 The first power storage unit is, for example, a battery. The first power storage unit is, for example, a lead battery. However, the first power storage unit is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a lithium ion battery.

第2蓄電部例如為電容器。第2蓄電部例如為鋰離子電容器。但是，第2蓄電部並無特別限定，例如亦可為電雙層電容器或電解電容器。又，第2蓄電部例如亦可為電池。第2蓄電部例如亦可為負極採用碳材料之鋰離子電池(例如SCiB(註冊商標))或鎳氫電池。再者，蓄電裝置具備第1蓄電部及第2蓄電部、以及電流維持電路。蓄電裝置亦可具備其他蓄電部。作為其他蓄電部，例如，可列舉與第1蓄電部並聯連接之電容器。蓄電裝置並非必須整體上單元化。換言之，構成蓄電裝置之各蓄電部並非必須物理性地構成為一體。各蓄電部亦可於相互電性連接之狀態下分別設置於跨坐型車輛中之不同位置。 The second power storage unit is, for example, a capacitor. The second power storage unit is, for example, a lithium ion capacitor. However, the second power storage unit is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an electric double layer capacitor or an electrolytic capacitor. In addition, the second power storage unit may be, for example, a battery. The second power storage unit may be, for example, a lithium-ion battery (eg, SCiB (registered trademark)) or a nickel-hydrogen battery using a carbon material for the negative electrode. Furthermore, the power storage device includes a first power storage unit, a second power storage unit, and a current maintaining circuit. The power storage device may include other power storage units. Examples of other power storage units include capacitors connected in parallel with the first power storage units. The power storage device does not necessarily have to be unitized as a whole. In other words, each of the power storage units constituting the power storage device does not necessarily have to be physically integrated. The power storage units may be provided at different positions in the saddle-riding vehicle in a state of being electrically connected to each other.

所謂最大充電率係指蓄電部所容許之最大之充電率。充電率表示充電速度。單位為C。於定電流充電測定之情形時，使電池之電容以1小時完全充電之電流之大小定義為1C。例如，於電池之電容為2Ah之 情形時，1C係2A。 The so-called maximum charging rate refers to the maximum charging rate allowed by the power storage unit. The charging rate indicates the charging speed. The unit is C. In the case of constant current charging measurement, the size of the current that allows the battery to fully charge in 1 hour is defined as 1C. For example, in a battery with a capacitance of 2Ah In this case, 1C is 2A.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機作為發電機發揮功能。又，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機作為馬達發揮功能。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機可作為引擎之啟動馬達發揮功能。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機並無特別限制，例如，亦可不作為啟動馬達發揮功能，而具有於跨坐型車輛加速時輔助引擎之驅動之功能。又，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機例如亦可具有輔助引擎之驅動之功能與啟動馬達之功能這兩種功能。 The permanent magnet type motor generator functions as a generator. Moreover, the permanent magnet type motor generator functions as a motor. The permanent magnet motor generator can function as the starter motor of the engine. The permanent magnet motor generator is not particularly limited. For example, it may not function as a starter motor, but may have a function of assisting the driving of the engine when the straddle-type vehicle accelerates. In addition, the permanent magnet type motor generator may have two functions, for example, a function of assisting the driving of the engine and a function of starting the motor.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機例如接受電力供給而驅動引擎之曲軸。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機例如不經由離合器而連接於曲軸。於該情形時，即便離合器為動力切斷狀態，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機亦可啟動引擎。又，即便跨坐型車輛為停止狀態，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機亦可發電。 The permanent magnet motor generator, for example, receives electric power and drives the crankshaft of the engine. The permanent magnet motor generator is connected to the crankshaft without interposing, for example, a clutch. In this case, even if the clutch is in a power-off state, the permanent magnet motor generator can start the engine. Moreover, even if the saddle-riding vehicle is in a stopped state, the permanent magnet motor generator can generate electricity.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之連接構成並無特別限定，例如，亦可在曲軸與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之間介置離合器或變速裝置。於該情形時，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機無論引擎之狀態如何，均可進行跨坐型車輛之加速。又，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機無論引擎之狀態如何，均可利用來自車輪之動力發電。於該情形時，跨坐型車輛亦可具備與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機不同之啟動器馬達。 The connection structure of the permanent magnet motor-generator is not particularly limited. For example, a clutch or a speed change device may be interposed between the crankshaft and the permanent magnet motor-generator. In this case, the permanent magnet motor generator can accelerate the saddle-riding vehicle regardless of the state of the engine. In addition, the permanent magnet type motor generator can generate electricity using the power from the wheels regardless of the state of the engine. In this case, the straddle-type vehicle may also have a starter motor different from the permanent magnet motor generator.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機具有永久磁鐵。例如轉子中具備磁場用線圈而非永久磁鐵之構成與本構成中之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機不同。 Permanent magnet motor generators have permanent magnets. For example, the configuration in which the rotor is provided with coils for magnetic field instead of permanent magnets is different from the permanent magnet type motor generator in this configuration.

所謂「電性切斷」係指例如藉由開關或繼電器之動作使包含對象之電力閉路之一部分成為開狀態。「電性切斷」亦包括使構成閉路之電晶體自導通狀態變為非導通狀態之情況。與此相對，所謂「不電性切斷」係指維持包含對象之電力閉路狀態。「不電性切斷」之狀態亦包括電 流不流至對象之狀態。例如，於對象為已充電之電容器，並且與電容器兩端之電壓相等之電壓施加至電容器的情形時，電流雖不流至電容器，但係未電性切斷之狀態。 "Electrically cut off" means to open a part of the power closed circuit including the object by, for example, the operation of a switch or a relay. "Electrical disconnection" also includes the case where the transistor constituting the closed circuit is changed from the conducting state to the non-conducting state. On the other hand, the so-called "non-electrical disconnection" refers to maintaining the closed state of the electric power including the object. The state of "non-electrically disconnected" also includes electrical The flow does not flow to the state of the object. For example, when the object is a charged capacitor, and a voltage equal to the voltage across the capacitor is applied to the capacitor, the current does not flow to the capacitor, but it is not electrically cut off.

引擎例如係單汽缸引擎、雙汽缸引擎、不等間隔燃燒型三汽缸引擎或不等間隔燃燒型四汽缸引擎。引擎例如係具有少於3個之汽缸之引擎。雙汽缸引擎亦可為具有2個汽缸之不等間隔燃燒引擎。作為具有2個汽缸之不等間隔燃燒引擎，例如可列舉V型引擎。但是，引擎並無特別限定，亦可為等間隔燃燒型多汽缸引擎。 The engine is, for example, a single-cylinder engine, a two-cylinder engine, an unequal-combustion three-cylinder engine, or an unequal-combustion four-cylinder engine. The engine is, for example, an engine with less than 3 cylinders. The twin cylinder engine can also be an unequally spaced combustion engine with 2 cylinders. As the unequal-interval combustion engine having two cylinders, for example, a V-type engine is exemplified. However, the engine is not particularly limited, and an equal-interval combustion type multi-cylinder engine may be used.

跨坐型車輛係指騎乘者騎跨在鞍座上乘坐之形式之車輛。跨坐型車輛係具備鞍座型座部之車輛。跨坐型車輛係騎乘者以騎乘方式乘坐之車輛。跨坐型車輛係車輛之一例。跨坐型車輛係例如以傾斜姿勢迴旋之車輛，構成為當迴旋時朝彎道中心方向傾斜。 A straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle in which the rider sits on a saddle. A saddle-riding vehicle is a vehicle having a saddle-type seat portion. A straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle in which the rider rides in a riding manner. An example of a straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle. A saddle-riding vehicle is, for example, a vehicle that turns in a leaning posture, and is configured to be inclined toward the center of the curve when turning.

跨坐型車輛係例如機車。作為機車，並無特別限定，例如可列舉速克達型、附踏板之輕型、越野型、公路型之機車。又，作為跨坐型車輛，並不限定於機車，例如亦可為三輪車。又，作為跨坐型車輛，例如亦可為ATV(All-Terrain Vehicle，全地形車)等。 A straddle-type vehicle is, for example, a locomotive. Although it does not specifically limit as a locomotive, For example, a scooter type, a light-duty type with pedals, an off-road type, and a road type locomotive can be mentioned. Moreover, as a saddle-riding type vehicle, it is not limited to a locomotive, For example, a tricycle may be sufficient. Moreover, as a straddle-type vehicle, an ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle, all-terrain vehicle) etc. may be used, for example.

本說明書中使用之專業用語用於僅對特定之實施例進行定義，並非意圖限制發明。 The technical terms used in this specification are used to define only specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the invention.

本說明書中使用之用語「及/或」包含一個或複數個相關聯之所列舉構成物之所有或全部組合。 As used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes all or all combinations of one or more of the associated listed constituents.

於本說明書中使用之情形時，用語「包含、包括(including)」「包含、具備(comprising)」或「具有(having)」及其變化之使用特定出所記載之特徵、步序、操作、要素、成分及/或其等之等價物之存在，可包含 步驟、動作、要素、組件、及/或其等之組中之1個或複數個。 When used in this specification, the use of the terms "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof specify the features, steps, operations, and elements described. , ingredients and/or their equivalents, may contain One or more of a group of steps, actions, elements, components, and/or the like.

於本說明書中使用之情形時，用語「安裝有」、「結合有」及/或其等之等價物被廣泛使用，除非有特別指定，否則包含直接及間接之安裝、及結合這兩種。 When used in this manual, the terms "installed", "incorporated" and/or their equivalents are widely used, and unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect installation and combination.

除非另有定義，否則本說明書中使用之所有用語(包含技術用語及科學用語)具有與本發明所屬之業者通常所理解之含義相同之含義。 Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

通常使用之辭典中定義之用語之類的用語應解釋為具有與相關技術及本揭示之上下文中之含義一致的含義，除非本說明書中有明確定義，否則不以理想化或過度形式化之含義解釋。 Terms such as terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the related art and the context of the present disclosure, and not in idealized or over-formalized meanings unless explicitly defined in this specification explain.

可理解為於本發明之說明中，揭示有技術及多個步序。 It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, techniques and various steps are disclosed.

其等分別具有個別之利益，各自亦可與其他所揭示之技術之1個以上、或視情形與全部一併使用。 Each of them has individual benefits, and each of them may be used together with one or more of the other disclosed technologies, or all of them as the case may be.

因此，為了使說明明確，避免該說明不必要地重複各步驟之所有可能之組合。 Therefore, in order to clarify the description, the description is avoided to unnecessarily repeat all possible combinations of steps.

儘管如此，應理解此種組合全部處於本發明及申請專利範圍內來解讀說明書及申請專利範圍。 Nevertheless, it should be understood that such combinations are all within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the patent application to interpret the description and the scope of the patent application.

於本說明書中，對新型跨坐型車輛進行說明。 In this specification, a new type of saddle-riding vehicle will be described.

於以下之說明中，出於說明之目的，敍述多個具體之詳細內容以提供本發明之完全理解。 In the following description, for illustrative purposes, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a complete understanding of the present invention.

然而，業者應明白可無需該等特定之詳細內容而實施本發明。 However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

本揭示應被考慮作為本發明之例示，並非意欲將本發明限定於由以下之圖式或說明表示之特定之實施方式。 The present disclosure should be considered as an illustration of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments represented by the following drawings or descriptions.

根據本發明，可實現能夠抑制引擎啟動性能之降低並且使車體為小型之跨坐型車輛。 According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a saddle-riding type vehicle capable of suppressing a reduction in engine start-up performance and making the vehicle body small.

1:跨坐型車輛 1: Straddle vehicle

2:車體 2: body

2a:座部 2a: seat

3a,3b:車輪 3a, 3b: Wheels

4:蓄電裝置 4: Power storage device

5:主開關 5: Main switch

6:啟動器開關 6: Starter switch

8:加速指示部 8: Acceleration indicator

9:前照燈 9: Headlamps

10:引擎 10: Engine

11:曲軸箱 11: Crankcase

12:汽缸 12: Cylinder

13:活塞 13: Pistons

14:連桿 14: connecting rod

15:曲軸 15: Crankshaft

15a:一端部 15a: one end

15b:另一端部 15b: the other end

16:汽缸頭 16: Cylinder head

18:燃料噴射裝置 18: Fuel injection device

19:點火裝置 19: Ignition device

19a:火星塞 19a: Spark Plug

19b:點火電壓產生電 19b: Ignition voltage produces electricity

20:永久磁鐵式馬達發電機 20: Permanent magnet motor generator

21:變流器 21: Inverter

30:轉子 30: Rotor

31:轉子本體部 31: Rotor body part

32:筒狀凸座部 32: Cylindrical boss part

33:底壁部 33: Bottom wall

34:背軛部 34: Back yoke

37:永久磁鐵部 37: Permanent magnet part

37a:磁極部 37a: Magnetic pole part

38:被檢測部 38: Detected part

40:定子 40: Stator

41:第1蓄電部 41: The first power storage unit

42:第2蓄電部 42: The second storage unit

43:電流維持電路 43: Current maintenance circuit

43a:電流維持電路 43a: Current maintenance circuit

44:並聯電容器部 44: Parallel capacitor part

45:齒部 45: Teeth

50:轉子位置檢測裝置 50: Rotor position detection device

51:檢測用繞組 51: Winding for detection

60:控制裝置 60: Control device

75:主繼電器 75: Main relay

75a:主繼電器 75a: Main relay

211:切換部 211: Switching Department

431:電壓下降產生部 431: Voltage drop generator

432:電壓下降控制部 432: Voltage drop control section

433:反饋部 433: Feedback Department

434:基準電壓產生部 434: Reference voltage generation part

CL:離合器 CL: clutch

CVT:變速機 CVT: Transmission

EU:引擎單元 EU: engine unit

Ip:進氣通路 Ip: Intake passage

L:電動輔機 L: electric auxiliary

SL:槽 SL: slot

ST:定子芯 ST: stator core

t1:時間 t1: time

t2:時間 t2: time

t3:時刻 t3: time

t4:時間 t4: time

VT:電壓 VT: Voltage

VT':電壓 VT': Voltage

VTb:電壓 VTb: Voltage

VTb':電壓 VTb': Voltage

V1:第1蓄電部之第1電壓 V1: The first voltage of the first power storage unit

V1b:第1蓄電部之第1電壓 V1b: The first voltage of the first power storage unit

V2:第2蓄電部之第2電壓 V2: The second voltage of the second power storage unit

V2b:第2蓄電部之第2電壓 V2b: The second voltage of the second power storage unit

W:定子繞組 W: stator winding

圖1(a)、(b)係模式性地表示本發明之一實施方式之跨坐型車輛之圖。 FIGS. 1( a ) and ( b ) are diagrams schematically showing a saddle-riding vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖2係表示圖1所示之電流維持電路之構成例之方塊圖。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current maintaining circuit shown in FIG. 1 .

圖3係表示圖1所示之第1蓄電部之電壓與第2蓄電部之一例之充電時之電壓變化之概況的線圖。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing an overview of the voltage of the first power storage unit shown in FIG. 1 and the voltage change during charging of an example of the second power storage unit.

圖4(A)係表示跨坐型車輛中之蓄電裝置之配置之第1變化例的側視圖。(B)係表示跨坐型車輛中之蓄電裝置之配置之第2變化例的側視圖。 FIG. 4(A) is a side view showing a first modification of the arrangement of the power storage device in the straddle-type vehicle. (B) is a side view showing a second modification of the arrangement of the power storage device in the straddle-type vehicle.

圖5(a)~(c)係模式性地表示作為圖1所示之實施方式之適用例之跨坐型車輛及電氣系統的圖。 FIGS. 5( a ) to ( c ) are diagrams schematically showing a saddle-riding type vehicle and an electrical system as an application example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .

圖6係模式性地表示圖5所示之引擎單元之概略構成之局部剖視圖。 FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the engine unit shown in FIG. 5 .

圖7係表示圖6所示之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之與旋轉軸線垂直之剖面的剖視圖。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet motor generator shown in FIG. 6 .

圖8係表示具有不同種類之第2蓄電部之第2適用例之充電時之電壓變化概況的線圖。 FIG. 8 is a graph showing an outline of voltage change during charging of a second application example having different types of second power storage units.

圖9(A)~(G)係表示圖1所示之蓄電裝置之變化例之圖。 FIGS. 9(A) to (G) are diagrams showing modified examples of the power storage device shown in FIG. 1 .

圖10係表示圖1所示之跨坐型車輛之電氣構成之變化的方塊圖。 FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a change in the electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in FIG. 1 .

以下，基於實施方式並參照圖式對本發明進行說明。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments with reference to the drawings.

圖1係模式性地表示本發明之一實施方式之跨坐型車輛之 圖。圖1之部分(a)係跨坐型車輛之側視圖。圖1之部分(b)係表示部分(a)所示之跨坐型車輛之概略電氣構成之方塊圖。 FIG. 1 schematically shows a saddle-riding type vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. picture. Part (a) of FIG. 1 is a side view of a straddle-type vehicle. Part (b) of FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in part (a).

圖1所示之跨坐型車輛1具備車輪3a、3b、引擎10、永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20、蓄電裝置4及變流器21。又，跨坐型車輛1具備電動輔機L。蓄電裝置4具備第1蓄電部41、第2蓄電部42及電流維持電路43。即，跨坐型車輛1具備車輪3a、3b、引擎10、永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20、第1蓄電部41、第2蓄電部42、電流維持電路43及變流器21。 The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes wheels 3 a and 3 b , an engine 10 , a permanent magnet motor generator 20 , a power storage device 4 , and an inverter 21 . In addition, the saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes the electric auxiliary machine L. The power storage device 4 includes a first power storage unit 41 , a second power storage unit 42 , and a current maintaining circuit 43 . That is, the saddle-riding vehicle 1 includes wheels 3 a and 3 b , an engine 10 , a permanent magnet motor generator 20 , a first power storage unit 41 , a second power storage unit 42 , a current maintenance circuit 43 , and an inverter 21 .

又，跨坐型車輛1具備車體2。於圖1中，作為跨坐型車輛1之例，示出了傾斜車輛。傾斜車輛係於左迴旋中朝車輛左方向傾斜，於右迴旋中朝車輛右方向傾斜。 Moreover, the saddle-riding type vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2 . In FIG. 1 , a leaning vehicle is shown as an example of a saddle-riding type vehicle 1 . The leaning vehicle leans to the left of the vehicle in a left turn, and leans to the right of the vehicle in a right turn.

跨坐型車輛1所具備之車輪3a、3b包含前車輪3a與後車輪3b。後車輪3b係驅動輪。 The wheels 3a and 3b included in the saddle-riding vehicle 1 include a front wheel 3a and a rear wheel 3b. The rear wheel 3b is a driving wheel.

引擎10具備曲軸15。 The engine 10 includes a crankshaft 15 .

引擎10經由曲軸15輸出動力。引擎10將用以驅動車輪3b之轉矩自曲軸15輸出。車輪3b接收曲軸15之動力而使跨坐型車輛1行駛。 The engine 10 outputs power via the crankshaft 15 . The engine 10 outputs the torque for driving the wheels 3b from the crankshaft 15 . The wheels 3b receive the power of the crankshaft 15 to drive the saddle-riding vehicle 1 .

自引擎10輸出之動力例如可經由變速機及離合器而傳遞至車輪3b。 The power output from the engine 10 can be transmitted to the wheels 3b via, for example, a transmission and a clutch.

電動輔機L係搭載於跨坐型車輛1之電動裝置。電動輔機L接受電力供給而進行動作。 The electric auxiliary machine L is an electric device mounted on the straddle-type vehicle 1 . The electric auxiliary machine L is operated by receiving power supply.

電動輔機L例如係以使引擎10進行燃燒之方式動作之引擎用輔機。引擎用輔機例如包含燃料噴射裝置18及點火裝置19(參照圖6)。燃料噴射裝置18朝向引擎10之內部或者於該內部噴射燃料。點火裝置19對引擎10內部之燃料點火。 The electric auxiliary machine L is, for example, an auxiliary machine for an engine that operates so as to cause the engine 10 to burn. The auxiliary engine for an engine includes, for example, a fuel injection device 18 and an ignition device 19 (see FIG. 6 ). The fuel injection device 18 injects fuel toward or in the interior of the engine 10 . The ignition device 19 ignites the fuel inside the engine 10 .

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20設置於曲軸15之一端部。 The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is provided at one end of the crankshaft 15 .

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有永久磁鐵。更詳細而言，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具備由永久磁鐵構成之永久磁鐵部37。 The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 has permanent magnets. More specifically, the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 includes a permanent magnet portion 37 composed of permanent magnets.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20兼作啟動引擎10之啟動器。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20係永久磁鐵式啟動發電機。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20藉由使曲軸15旋轉而啟動引擎10。又，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20藉由被引擎10驅動而發電。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 also serves as a starter for starting the engine 10 . The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is a permanent magnet starter generator. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 starts the engine 10 by rotating the crankshaft 15 . In addition, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 generates electricity by being driven by the engine 10 .

蓄電裝置4係能夠充電及放電之裝置。蓄電裝置4蓄積電力。 The power storage device 4 is a device capable of charging and discharging. The power storage device 4 stores electric power.

蓄電裝置4將充入之電力輸出至外部。蓄電裝置4將電力供給至永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。蓄電裝置4於引擎10啟動時對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電力。又，例如引擎10啟動後，蓄電裝置4藉由永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電力而充電。 The power storage device 4 outputs the charged electric power to the outside. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. Further, for example, after the engine 10 is started, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 .

蓄電裝置4具備第1蓄電部41、第2蓄電部42及電流維持電路43。 The power storage device 4 includes a first power storage unit 41 , a second power storage unit 42 , and a current maintaining circuit 43 .

第1蓄電部41係蓄積電力之電池。第1蓄電部41具有12V以上之最大額定電壓。例如，第1蓄電部41係具有12V之標稱電壓之電池。例如，第1蓄電部41係鉛電池。第1蓄電部41例如具有最大額定電壓14V。第1蓄電部41具有可充入將引擎10至少啟動1次之量之電力的電容。 The first power storage unit 41 is a battery that stores electric power. The first power storage unit 41 has a maximum rated voltage of 12V or more. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a battery having a nominal voltage of 12V. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery. The first power storage unit 41 has, for example, a maximum rated voltage of 14V. The first power storage unit 41 has a capacitor capable of charging the power sufficient to start the engine 10 at least once.

第2蓄電部42始終與第1蓄電部41串聯連接。第2蓄電部42具有大於第1蓄電部41之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率。例如，第2蓄電部42係蓄積電力之電池。第2蓄電部42具有可充入將引擎10至少啟動1次之量之電力的電容。 The second power storage unit 42 is always connected in series with the first power storage unit 41 . The second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 . For example, the second power storage unit 42 is a battery that stores electric power. The second power storage unit 42 has a capacitor capable of charging the power sufficient to start the engine 10 at least once.

所謂充電率係表示充電速度。單位係C[C]。使電池之電容以1小時完 全充電之電流之大小定義為1C。所謂最大充電率係指容許之最大之充電率。 The charging rate refers to the charging speed. The unit system is C[C]. Make the battery capacity run out in 1 hour The magnitude of the full charge current is defined as 1C. The so-called maximum charging rate refers to the maximum allowable charging rate.

第1蓄電部41與第2蓄電部42之組合不限於此。如上所述，第2蓄電部42具有大於第1蓄電部41之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率。 The combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not limited to this. As described above, the second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 .

作為第1蓄電部41，例如可列舉具有1C以下之最大充電率之電池。 As the first power storage unit 41, for example, a battery having a maximum charging rate of 1 C or less can be used.

第1蓄電部41之種類例如係鉛電池、負極採用碳材料之鋰離子電池。 The type of the first power storage unit 41 is, for example, a lead battery or a lithium ion battery using a carbon material for the negative electrode.

作為第2蓄電部42，例如可列舉具有20C以上之最大充電率之電池。 As the second power storage unit 42, for example, a battery having a maximum charging rate of 20 C or more can be used.

第2蓄電部42之種類例如係鎳氫電池、及負極採用鈦酸鋰之鋰離子電池。作為第2蓄電部42之種類，例如可列舉電容器。例如，可列舉電雙層電容器、鋰離子電容器。 The type of the second power storage unit 42 is, for example, a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium-ion battery using lithium titanate as the negative electrode. As the type of the second power storage unit 42, for example, a capacitor can be mentioned. For example, an electric double layer capacitor and a lithium ion capacitor can be mentioned.

但是，作為第2蓄電部42，可採用具有大於第1蓄電部41之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率的裝置。 However, as the second power storage unit 42, a device having a maximum charging rate twice as large as the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 can be used.

例如，第1蓄電部41係具有1C之最大充電率之電池，第2蓄電部42係具有40C之最大充電率之電池。例如，第1蓄電部41係具有1C之最大充電率之鉛電池。例如，第1蓄電部41係具有6Ah之電容且最大充電電流為6A之鉛電池。於該情形時，第1蓄電部41之最大充電率為1C。 For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a battery having a maximum charging rate of 1C, and the second power storage unit 42 is a battery having a maximum charging rate of 40C. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery having a maximum charge rate of 1C. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery having a capacitance of 6Ah and a maximum charging current of 6A. In this case, the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 is 1C.

第2蓄電部42係具有10C之最大充電率之鎳氫電池。例如，第2蓄電部42係具有1Ah之電容且最大充電電流為20A之鎳氫電池。於該情形時，第1蓄電部41之最大充電率為20C。 The second power storage unit 42 is a nickel-metal hydride battery having a maximum charge rate of 10C. For example, the second power storage unit 42 is a nickel-metal hydride battery having a capacitance of 1 Ah and a maximum charging current of 20 A. In this case, the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 is 20C.

電流維持電路43係於引擎10啟動時自串聯連接之第1蓄電 部41及第2蓄電部42經由變流器21向永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20輸出電流。又，電流維持電路43於變流器21至少對第1蓄電部41充電期間，維持不將第2蓄電部42電性切斷且使充電電流流至第1蓄電部41之狀態。 The current maintaining circuit 43 is a first power storage connected in series when the engine 10 is started The unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 output current to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 via the inverter 21 . In addition, the current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the second power storage unit 42 is not electrically cut off and the charging current flows to the first power storage unit 41 while the inverter 21 is charging the first power storage unit 41 at least.

電流維持電路43於對蓄電裝置4充電期間，維持如下狀態，即，以施加至第2蓄電部42之電壓不超過對第2蓄電部42設定之上限電壓之方式使充電電流流至第1蓄電部41。此處言及之「對蓄電裝置4充電期間」係指至少對第1蓄電部41充電之期間。電流維持電路43維持不將第2蓄電部42電性切斷且使充電電流流至第1蓄電部之狀態。 The current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the charging current flows to the first power storage so that the voltage applied to the second power storage section 42 does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage section 42 while the power storage device 4 is being charged. Section 41. The "period for charging the power storage device 4" as used herein refers to a period during which at least the first power storage unit 41 is charged. The current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the second power storage unit 42 is not electrically cut off and the charging current flows to the first power storage unit.

對第2蓄電部42設定之上限電壓係可對第2蓄電部42施加之上限。對第2蓄電部42設定之上限電壓小於第2蓄電部42之最大額定電壓。作為第2蓄電部42，例如採用具有較第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓小之最大額定電壓的裝置。於該情形時，採用較第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓小之上限電壓。例如，採用標稱電壓12V之第1蓄電部41與上限電壓6V之第2蓄電部42。但是，第1蓄電部41與第2蓄電部42之組合不限於此。例如，於採用最大額定電壓為14V之第1蓄電部41之情形時，第2蓄電部42之最大額定電壓小於14V。例如，第2蓄電部42之上限電壓小於14V。又，第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓亦可為14V以外之電壓。第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓例如亦可為28V或7V。 The upper limit voltage set to the second power storage unit 42 is the upper limit that can be applied to the second power storage unit 42 . The upper limit voltage set to the second power storage unit 42 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42 . As the second power storage unit 42 , for example, a device having a lower maximum rated voltage than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 is used. In this case, an upper limit voltage smaller than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 is used. For example, a first power storage unit 41 with a nominal voltage of 12V and a second power storage unit 42 with an upper limit voltage of 6V are used. However, the combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not limited to this. For example, when the first power storage unit 41 having the maximum rated voltage of 14V is used, the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42 is less than 14V. For example, the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit 42 is less than 14V. In addition, the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 may be a voltage other than 14V. The maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 may be, for example, 28V or 7V.

作為電流維持電路43，例如，可列舉與第2蓄電部42並聯連接且與第1蓄電部41串聯連接之電路。於該情形時，當施加至第2蓄電部42之電壓超過上限電壓時，電流維持電路43使自蓄電裝置4流動之電流流至第1蓄電部41。例如，電流維持電路43具有檢測第2蓄電部42之電壓超過上限電壓之情況之電路、及根據檢測使自變流器21流動之電流流至第1蓄電部41 之電路。 As the current maintaining circuit 43 , for example, a circuit connected in parallel with the second power storage unit 42 and connected in series with the first power storage unit 41 can be cited. In this case, when the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 exceeds the upper limit voltage, the current maintaining circuit 43 causes the current flowing from the power storage device 4 to flow to the first power storage unit 41 . For example, the current maintenance circuit 43 includes a circuit for detecting that the voltage of the second power storage unit 42 exceeds the upper limit voltage, and the current flowing from the inverter 21 flows to the first power storage unit 41 based on the detection. circuit.

但是，電流維持電路43例如亦可為數量與上限電壓相當之串聯連接之低電壓二極體。又，電流維持電路43亦可與第2蓄電部42串聯連接。 However, the current maintaining circuit 43 can also be, for example, a number of low-voltage diodes connected in series corresponding to the upper limit voltage. In addition, the current maintaining circuit 43 may be connected in series with the second power storage unit 42 .

變流器21例如於引擎10進行燃燒動作之情形時，將永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電力供給至蓄電裝置4。於該情形時，變流器21對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電流進行整流。 The inverter 21 supplies the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 to the power storage device 4 when the engine 10 performs a combustion operation, for example. In this case, the inverter 21 rectifies the current generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 to generate electricity.

又，變流器21藉由對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電力，而使永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20旋轉。變流器21藉由對流至永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之定子繞組W之電流之接通/斷開進行控制而控制電流。 In addition, the inverter 21 rotates the permanent magnet motor generator 20 by supplying electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . The inverter 21 controls the current by controlling the on/off of the current flowing to the stator winding W of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 .

變流器21包含切換部211與控制裝置60。控制裝置60係與變流器21物理性地一體設置。控制裝置60藉由控制變流器21之切換部211之動作，而控制自變流器21輸出之電壓。控制裝置60藉由控制變流器21之切換部211之動作，而控制在永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20與蓄電裝置4之間流動之電流。又，控制裝置60控制永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之動作。控制裝置60例如藉由相位控制方式或向量控制而控制自變流器21輸出之電壓。 The inverter 21 includes a switching unit 211 and a control device 60 . The control device 60 is physically integrated with the inverter 21 . The control device 60 controls the voltage output from the converter 21 by controlling the operation of the switching portion 211 of the converter 21 . The control device 60 controls the current flowing between the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the power storage device 4 by controlling the operation of the switching portion 211 of the inverter 21 . In addition, the control device 60 controls the operation of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . The control device 60 controls the voltage output from the inverter 21 by, for example, a phase control method or a vector control.

控制裝置60例如以自變流器21輸出之電壓係輸出較第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓與第2蓄電部42之最大額定電壓之和小之電壓的方式控制變流器21。控制裝置60例如以自變流器21輸出之電壓係輸出較第1蓄電部41之最大額定電壓與第2蓄電部42之上限電壓之和小之電壓的方式控制變流器21。 The control device 60 controls the inverter 21 so that the voltage output from the inverter 21 is smaller than the sum of the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42 , for example. The control device 60 controls the inverter 21 so that the voltage output from the inverter 21 is smaller than the sum of the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit 42 , for example.

例如，控制裝置60根據來自啟動器開關6之信號，使變流 器21自蓄電裝置4對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電流。藉此，自蓄電裝置4對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電力，從而引擎10啟動。 For example, the control device 60 changes the current according to the signal from the starter switch 6 The generator 21 supplies current from the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . Thereby, electric power is supplied from the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor generator 20, and the engine 10 is started.

於引擎10啟動之情形時，蓄電裝置4能以較先前通常採用之12V大之電壓驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。因此，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20可輸出較12V之情形大之轉矩。因此，可抑制永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之性能降低。 When the engine 10 is started, the power storage device 4 can drive the permanent magnet motor-generator 20 with a voltage greater than 12V, which is generally used in the past. Therefore, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can output a larger torque than the case of 12V. Therefore, the performance degradation of the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 can be suppressed.

引擎10啟動後，即，燃燒動作開始後，控制裝置60以使來自永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之電流流至蓄電裝置4之方式控制變流器21。藉此，蓄電裝置4藉由永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之發電電力而充電。 After the engine 10 is started, that is, after the combustion operation is started, the control device 60 controls the inverter 21 so that the current from the permanent magnet motor generator 20 flows to the power storage device 4 . Thereby, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 .

又，控制裝置60於引擎10啟動後，即，於燃燒動作開始後，可根據加速指示部8(參照圖5)之操作使變流器21將蓄電裝置4之電力供給至永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。更詳細而言，控制裝置60於跨坐型車輛1之行駛中，對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給來自蓄電裝置4之電力，使永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20輔助曲軸15之旋轉。藉此，利用永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20輔助藉由引擎10之跨坐型車輛1之加速。 In addition, the control device 60 can cause the inverter 21 to supply the electric power of the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor generator according to the operation of the acceleration instructing unit 8 (see FIG. 5 ) after the engine 10 is started, that is, after the combustion operation is started. motor 20. More specifically, the control device 60 supplies the electric power from the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor-generator 20 while the straddle-type vehicle 1 is running, and causes the permanent-magnet motor-generator 20 to assist the rotation of the crankshaft 15 . Thereby, the acceleration of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 by the engine 10 is assisted by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 .

控制裝置60亦具有控制對引擎10之燃料供給及燃燒之引擎控制部之功能。控制裝置60藉由控制作為引擎用輔機發揮功能之電動輔機L之動作而控制引擎10之燃燒。 The control device 60 also functions as an engine control unit that controls fuel supply and combustion to the engine 10 . The control device 60 controls the combustion of the engine 10 by controlling the operation of the electric auxiliary machine L functioning as an auxiliary machine for the engine.

控制裝置60具備未圖示之中央處理裝置及記憶體。控制裝置60藉由執行記憶體中記憶之程式而控制引擎10之燃燒。 The control device 60 includes a central processing unit and a memory which are not shown. The control device 60 controls the combustion of the engine 10 by executing the program stored in the memory.

控制裝置60藉由蓄電裝置4之電力進行動作。更詳細而言，控制裝置60以自蓄電裝置4之電壓以適用於控制裝置60之方式降壓變換後之動作電壓進行動作。降壓變換器例如設置於變流器21。例如於蓄電裝置4具有電 池與電容器之情形時，控制裝置60亦可以自電池之電壓降壓變換後之動作電壓進行動作。 The control device 60 is operated by the electric power of the power storage device 4 . More specifically, the control device 60 operates with the operating voltage converted from the voltage of the power storage device 4 in a manner suitable for the control device 60 . The step-down converter is provided in the converter 21, for example. For example, the power storage device 4 has electricity In the case of a battery and a capacitor, the control device 60 can also operate from the operating voltage after the voltage of the battery is stepped down and converted.

圖2係表示圖1所示之電流維持電路之構成例之方塊圖。於圖2中，為了容易理解電流維持電路之功能，亦示出了第1蓄電部41及第2蓄電部42。於圖2中，示出電容器作為第2蓄電部42之例。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current maintaining circuit shown in FIG. 1 . In FIG. 2 , the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 are also shown in order to facilitate the understanding of the function of the current maintaining circuit. In FIG. 2 , a capacitor is shown as an example of the second power storage unit 42 .

作為圖2所示之例之電流維持電路43a具備電壓下降產生部431。電壓下降產生部431與第2蓄電部42電性地並聯連接。電壓下降產生部431由於不與第2蓄電部42串聯連接，故不會阻斷第2蓄電部42之電流路徑。電壓下降產生部431並非開關。 The current sustaining circuit 43 a as an example shown in FIG. 2 includes a voltage drop generating unit 431 . The voltage drop generating unit 431 is electrically connected in parallel with the second power storage unit 42 . Since the voltage drop generation unit 431 is not connected in series with the second power storage unit 42 , it does not block the current path of the second power storage unit 42 . The voltage drop generation unit 431 is not a switch.

電壓下降產生部431以施加至第2蓄電部42之電壓不超過對第2蓄電部42設定之上限電壓之方式產生電壓下降。更詳細而言，電壓下降產生部431產生之電壓下降之量與施加至第2蓄電部42之電壓實質上相等。因此，電壓下降產生部431產生不超過上限電壓之量之電壓下降。 The voltage drop generating unit 431 generates a voltage drop so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 does not exceed the upper limit voltage set to the second power storage unit 42 . More specifically, the amount of voltage drop generated by the voltage drop generation unit 431 is substantially equal to the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 . Therefore, the voltage drop generating unit 431 generates a voltage drop not exceeding the upper limit voltage.

即，與第2蓄電部42電性地並聯連接之電壓下降產生部431於不阻斷第2蓄電部42之電流路徑之情況下產生不超過上限電壓之量之電壓下降。 That is, the voltage drop generating unit 431 electrically connected in parallel with the second power storage unit 42 generates a voltage drop that does not exceed the upper limit voltage without blocking the current path of the second power storage unit 42 .

更詳細而言，施加至第2蓄電部之電壓越是上升並接近上限電壓，電壓下降產生部431越是使內部電阻降低。藉此，控制電壓下降之量使其不超過上限電壓。 More specifically, as the voltage applied to the second power storage unit increases and approaches the upper limit voltage, the voltage drop generation unit 431 lowers the internal resistance. Thereby, the amount of voltage drop is controlled so as not to exceed the upper limit voltage.

更詳細而言，電流維持電路43a具備電壓下降產生部431、電壓下降控制部432、反饋部433及基準電壓產生部434。 More specifically, the current maintaining circuit 43 a includes a voltage drop generation unit 431 , a voltage drop control unit 432 , a feedback unit 433 , and a reference voltage generation unit 434 .

基準電壓產生部434產生與上限電壓有關之基準電壓。電壓下降控制部432基於基準電壓與施加至第2蓄電部之電壓，控制電壓下降產生部431中之電壓下降之量。反饋部433使電壓下降控制部432之輸出電壓反映至 輸入。 The reference voltage generating unit 434 generates a reference voltage related to the upper limit voltage. The voltage drop control unit 432 controls the amount of voltage drop in the voltage drop generation unit 431 based on the reference voltage and the voltage applied to the second power storage unit. The feedback unit 433 reflects the output voltage of the voltage drop control unit 432 to enter.

電壓下降產生部431根據施加至第2蓄電部之電壓，類比地控制電壓下降之量。 The voltage drop generation unit 431 analogously controls the amount of voltage drop according to the voltage applied to the second power storage unit.

再者，圖1所示之電流維持電路43之構成不限於圖2所示之電流維持電路43a。雖示出了雙極電晶體作為電壓下降產生部431，但電壓下降產生部431亦可為例如場效電晶體(FET)等電流控制元件。又，雖示出了放大器作為電壓下降控制部432，但電壓下降控制部432亦可為例如數位控制電路。 Furthermore, the configuration of the current maintaining circuit 43 shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to the current maintaining circuit 43a shown in FIG. 2 . Although a bipolar transistor is shown as the voltage drop generation unit 431, the voltage drop generation unit 431 may also be a current control element such as a field effect transistor (FET). In addition, although the amplifier is shown as the voltage drop control unit 432, the voltage drop control unit 432 may be, for example, a digital control circuit.

圖3係表示圖1所示之第1蓄電部41之電壓與第2蓄電部42之一例之充電時之電壓變化之概況的線圖。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing an overview of the voltage of the first power storage unit 41 shown in FIG. 1 and a voltage change during charging of an example of the second power storage unit 42 .

示出了作為第1蓄電部41之例之標稱電壓12V之電池與作為第2蓄電部42之例之標稱電壓6V電池之組合。第1蓄電部41充電前之電壓因放電而成為11V。第2蓄電部42充電前之電壓因放電而成為5.5V。第2蓄電部42具有大於第1蓄電部41之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率。 A combination of a battery with a nominal voltage of 12 V as an example of the first power storage unit 41 and a battery with a nominal voltage of 6 V as an example of the second power storage unit 42 is shown. The voltage of the first power storage unit 41 before being charged becomes 11V due to discharge. The voltage of the second power storage unit 42 before charging becomes 5.5V due to discharge. The second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 .

若串聯連接之第1蓄電部41與第2蓄電部42以18V充電，則隨著充電時間經過，第1蓄電部41之第1電壓V1及第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2上升。由於第2蓄電部42具有大於第1蓄電部41之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率，故第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2與第1蓄電部41之第1電壓V1相比，更快速地上升。即，第2蓄電部42與第1蓄電部41相比，更快速地充電。 When the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series are charged at 18V, the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42 increase as the charging time elapses. Since the second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 , the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42 is compared with the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41 . rise faster. That is, the second power storage unit 42 is charged faster than the first power storage unit 41 .

蓄電裝置4之電壓VT係第1蓄電部41之第1電壓V1與第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2之合計。蓄電裝置4之電壓VT例如較無第2蓄電部而單純將第1蓄電部41之規模設為1.5倍之情形時之蓄電裝置之電壓VT'大。例如，自充 電開始起直至蓄電裝置4之電壓VT達到充電電壓之約95%即17.5V為止之時間t1例如較無第2蓄電部而單純將第1蓄電部41之規模設為1.5倍之情形時的蓄電裝置之電壓VT'達到17.5V為止之時間t2短。 The voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is the sum of the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42 . The voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is, for example, larger than the voltage VT' of the power storage device when the scale of the first power storage section 41 is simply made 1.5 times without the second power storage section. For example, self-charging The time t1 from the start of electricity until the voltage VT of the power storage device 4 reaches 17.5V, which is about 95% of the charging voltage, is compared with the case where the scale of the first power storage section 41 is simply 1.5 times without the second power storage section, for example. The time t2 until the voltage VT' of the device reaches 17.5V is short.

如此，藉由串聯連接之第1蓄電部41與第2蓄電部42，蓄電裝置4之電壓VT例如較單純擴大第1蓄電部41之規模之情形時之電壓VT'大。 In this way, by connecting the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 in series, the voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is higher than, for example, the voltage VT' when the size of the first power storage unit 41 is simply enlarged.

如圖3之例所示，第2蓄電部42於較第1蓄電部41短之期間內充電，因此，蓄電裝置4可在自蓄電裝置4已放電之狀態開始充電後之短時間內輸出較大之電壓VT。例如，於時刻t1引擎10啟動之情形時，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20亦可以較先前通常採用之12V大之17V驅動。 As shown in the example of FIG. 3 , since the second power storage unit 42 is charged in a shorter period than the first power storage unit 41 , the power storage device 4 can output a relatively high output within a short period of time after the power storage device 4 starts charging from a state in which the power storage device 4 is discharged. Large voltage VT. For example, when the engine 10 is started at time t1, the permanent magnet motor-generator 20 can also be driven by 17V, which is higher than the 12V that was generally used before.

參照圖3，對12V與6V之組合進行了說明。但是，於本實施方式之跨坐型車輛1中，藉由調整第2蓄電部42之種類及構成、及電流維持電路43之上限電壓設定值，可容易地調整蓄電裝置4放電時之電壓。即，可容易地設定較第1蓄電部41之電壓高之電壓作為蓄電裝置4之輸出電壓。例如，於使用標稱電壓12V之電池作為第1蓄電部41之情形時，容易在蓄電裝置4放電後之較短充電時間內將蓄電裝置4能夠輸出之電壓調整為大於12V之要求電壓。 3, the combination of 12V and 6V is explained. However, in the saddle-ridden vehicle 1 of the present embodiment, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit 42 and the upper limit voltage setting value of the current maintaining circuit 43, the voltage at the time of discharging the power storage device 4 can be easily adjusted. That is, a voltage higher than the voltage of the first power storage unit 41 can be easily set as the output voltage of the power storage device 4 . For example, when a battery with a nominal voltage of 12V is used as the first power storage unit 41, it is easy to adjust the output voltage of the power storage device 4 to a required voltage greater than 12V within a short charging time after the power storage device 4 is discharged.

於蓄電裝置4可輸出較大電壓之情形時，可針對某一損失之容許範圍容許將蓄電裝置4-變流器21-永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之配線距離加長。其結果，蓄電裝置4及變流器21於車體中之佈局自由度提高。 When the power storage device 4 can output a relatively large voltage, the wiring distance of the power storage device 4 - the inverter 21 - the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be allowed to be extended for a certain loss tolerance range. As a result, the layout freedom of the power storage device 4 and the inverter 21 in the vehicle body is improved.

圖4(A)係表示跨坐型車輛1中之蓄電裝置4之配置之第1變化例的側視圖。圖4(B)係表示跨坐型車輛1中之蓄電裝置4之配置之第2變化例的側視圖。 FIG. 4(A) is a side view showing a first modification of the arrangement of the power storage device 4 in the saddle-riding vehicle 1 . FIG. 4(B) is a side view showing a second modification of the arrangement of the power storage device 4 in the saddle-riding vehicle 1 .

於圖4(A)所示之第1變化例中，蓄電裝置4配置於車體2之後端部。於圖4(B)所示之第2變化例中，蓄電裝置4配置於車體2之前端部。 In the first modification shown in FIG. 4(A) , the power storage device 4 is arranged at the rear end portion of the vehicle body 2 . In the second modification shown in FIG. 4(B) , the power storage device 4 is arranged at the front end portion of the vehicle body 2 .

由於可容許將蓄電裝置4-變流器21-永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之配線距離加長，故如圖4(A)或圖4(B)所示，蓄電裝置4及變流器21於車體中之佈局自由度提高。因此，可調整蓄電裝置4及變流器21之配置位置，以能夠抑制配置蓄電裝置4及變流器21之情形時產生之空間浪費。因此，可使車體2為小型。 Since the wiring distance between the power storage device 4-inverter 21-permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be lengthened, as shown in FIG. 4(A) or FIG. 4(B), the power storage device 4 and the inverter 21 are placed The freedom of layout in the body is improved. Therefore, the arrangement positions of the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 can be adjusted, so that the space waste generated when the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 are arranged can be suppressed. Therefore, the vehicle body 2 can be made small.

如此，根據跨坐型車輛1，可抑制引擎啟動性能降低並且使車體為小型。 In this way, according to the saddle-riding type vehicle 1 , the vehicle body can be made compact while suppressing a reduction in engine start-up performance.

[第1適用例] [1st application example]

繼而，參照圖5，對實施方式之適用例進行說明。 Next, an application example of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5 .

圖5係模式性地表示作為圖1所示之實施方式之適用例之跨坐型車輛1及電氣系統的圖。圖5之部分(a)係跨坐型車輛1之俯視圖。圖5之部分(b)係跨坐型車輛1之側視圖。圖5之部分(c)係模式性地表示跨坐型車輛1之電氣系統之連接的實體配線圖。 FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a saddle-riding vehicle 1 and an electrical system as an application example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 . Part (a) of FIG. 5 is a plan view of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . Part (b) of FIG. 5 is a side view of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . Part (c) of FIG. 5 is a physical wiring diagram schematically showing the connection of the electrical system of the straddle-type vehicle 1 .

於圖5及圖5之後表示之適用例中，對與圖1所示之實施方式對應之要素標註與圖1相同之符號而進行說明。 In the application examples shown in FIG. 5 and after FIG. 5 , the elements corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 and described.

圖5所示之跨坐型車輛1具備車體2。於車體2設有用以供騎乘者乘坐之座部2a。騎乘者以騎跨在座部2a之方式乘坐。於圖5中，作為跨坐型車輛1之一例，示出了機車。 The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 5 includes a vehicle body 2 . The vehicle body 2 is provided with a seat portion 2a for a rider to sit on. The rider rides so as to straddle the seat portion 2a. In FIG. 5 , a locomotive is shown as an example of the straddle-type vehicle 1 .

跨坐型車輛1具備前車輪3a與後車輪3b。跨坐型車輛1之車輪3a、31b之輪胎面在不與路面接觸之狀態下具有圓弧狀之剖面形狀。 The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes front wheels 3a and rear wheels 3b. The tire treads of the wheels 3a and 31b of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 have an arc-shaped cross-sectional shape when they are not in contact with the road surface.

引擎10構成引擎單元EU。即，跨坐型車輛1具備引擎單元EU。 The engine 10 constitutes an engine unit EU. That is, the saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes the engine unit EU.

引擎單元EU包含引擎10及永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。 The engine unit EU includes an engine 10 and a permanent magnet motor generator 20 .

引擎10經由曲軸15輸出動力。引擎10將用以驅動車輪3b之轉矩自曲軸15輸出。車輪3b接收曲軸15之動力，使跨坐型車輛1行駛。引擎10例如具有100mL以上之排氣量。引擎10例如具有未達400mL之排氣量。 The engine 10 outputs power via the crankshaft 15 . The engine 10 outputs the torque for driving the wheels 3b from the crankshaft 15 . The wheels 3b receive power from the crankshaft 15, and the saddle-riding vehicle 1 travels. The engine 10 has, for example, an exhaust gas volume of 100 mL or more. The engine 10 has, for example, an exhaust volume of less than 400 mL.

又，跨坐型車輛1具備變速機CVT及離合器CL。自引擎10輸出之動力經由變速機CVT及離合器CL傳遞至車輪3b。 Moreover, the saddle-riding vehicle 1 includes a transmission CVT and a clutch CL. The power output from the engine 10 is transmitted to the wheels 3b via the transmission CVT and the clutch CL.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20被引擎10驅動而發電。圖5所示之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20係磁鐵式啟動發電機。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is driven by the engine 10 to generate electricity. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 5 is a magnet starter generator.

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有轉子30及定子40(參照圖6)。轉子30具備由永久磁鐵構成之永久磁鐵部37。轉子30藉由自曲軸15輸出之動力進行旋轉。定子40以與轉子30對向之方式配置。 The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 has a rotor 30 and a stator 40 (see FIG. 6 ). The rotor 30 includes a permanent magnet portion 37 composed of permanent magnets. The rotor 30 is rotated by the power output from the crankshaft 15 . The stator 40 is arranged so as to face the rotor 30 .

蓄電裝置4係可充電及放電之裝置。蓄電裝置4將充入之電力輸出至外部。蓄電裝置4將電力供給至永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20及電動輔機L。蓄電裝置4於引擎10啟動時對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電力。又，蓄電裝置4藉由永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電力而充電。 The power storage device 4 is a chargeable and dischargeable device. The power storage device 4 outputs the charged electric power to the outside. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the electric auxiliary machine L. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. In addition, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 .

跨坐型車輛1具備變流器21。變流器21具備對在永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20與蓄電裝置4之間流動之電流進行控制的複數個切換部211。 The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes an inverter 21 . The inverter 21 includes a plurality of switching units 211 that control the current flowing between the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the power storage device 4 .

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20藉由蓄電裝置4之電力而使曲軸15旋轉。藉此，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20啟動引擎10。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 rotates the crankshaft 15 by the electric power of the power storage device 4 . Thereby, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 starts the engine 10 .

跨坐型車輛1具備主開關5。主開關5係用以根據操作對跨 坐型車輛1所具備之電動輔機L(參照圖5(c))供給電力之開關。電動輔機L綜合性地表示除永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20以外之一面消耗電力一面進行動作之裝置。電動輔機L例如包含前照燈9、燃料噴射裝置18、及點火裝置19(參照圖6)。 The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes a main switch 5 . The main switch 5 series is used to adjust the span according to the operation A switch for supplying electric power to the electric auxiliary machine L (refer to FIG. 5( c )) included in the seated vehicle 1 . The electric auxiliary machine L comprehensively represents a device other than the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 that operates while consuming electric power. The electric auxiliary machine L includes, for example, a headlamp 9 , a fuel injection device 18 , and an ignition device 19 (see FIG. 6 ).

跨坐型車輛1具備啟動器開關6。啟動器開關6係用以根據操作啟動引擎10之開關。跨坐型車輛1具備主繼電器75。主繼電器75根據來自主開關5之信號，將包含電動輔機L之電路開閉。 The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes a starter switch 6 . The starter switch 6 is a switch for starting the engine 10 according to the operation. The saddle-ridden vehicle 1 includes a main relay 75 . The main relay 75 opens and closes the circuit including the electric auxiliary machine L according to the signal from the main switch 5 .

跨坐型車輛1具備加速指示部8。加速指示部8係用以根據操作指示跨坐型車輛1之加速之操作器。詳細而言，加速指示部8係加速器握把。 The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes an acceleration instruction unit 8 . The acceleration instructing part 8 is an operator for instructing acceleration of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 according to an operation. Specifically, the acceleration instruction part 8 is an accelerator grip.

蓄電裝置4例如具有以12V進行動作之第1蓄電部41、及與該電池串聯連接之第2蓄電部42。第1蓄電部41例如係鉛電池。電容器例如係電雙層電容器(Electric Double Layer Capacitor，EDLC)。 The power storage device 4 has, for example, a first power storage unit 41 operating at 12 V, and a second power storage unit 42 connected in series with the battery. The first power storage unit 41 is, for example, a lead battery. The capacitor is, for example, an electric double layer capacitor (Electric Double Layer Capacitor, EDLC).

又，蓄電裝置4具有電流維持電路43，電流維持電路43當電容器之電壓超過6V時，將輸入至蓄電裝置4之電流供給至電池而非電容器。 Further, the power storage device 4 has a current maintenance circuit 43, and the current maintenance circuit 43 supplies the current input to the power storage device 4 to the battery instead of the capacitor when the voltage of the capacitor exceeds 6V.

蓄電裝置4以18V充電，並輸出18V。但是，充電電壓及輸出電壓亦根據蓄電裝置4之充電狀態及曲軸15之旋轉速度而變動。將包含18V之範圍之電壓稱為18V系統電壓。 The power storage device 4 is charged with 18V and outputs 18V. However, the charging voltage and the output voltage also vary according to the charging state of the power storage device 4 and the rotational speed of the crankshaft 15 . The voltage in the range including 18V is called the 18V system voltage.

於圖5所示之構成中，蓄電裝置4於引擎10啟動時對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20供給電力。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20能以18V系統電壓驅動。因此，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20可輸出例如較12V之情形時大之轉矩。 In the configuration shown in FIG. 5 , the power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 can be driven with a system voltage of 18V. Therefore, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can output a larger torque than that in the case of 12V, for example.

如圖5之部分(c)所示，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20、蓄電裝置4、主繼電器75、變流器21及電動輔機L係利用配線J電性連接。為了容 易觀察符號，將配線之符號(J)標註於圖5之部分(c)所示之配線之一部分。 As shown in part (c) of FIG. 5 , the permanent magnet motor generator 20 , the power storage device 4 , the main relay 75 , the inverter 21 , and the electric auxiliary machine L are electrically connected by the wiring J. to accommodate For easy viewing of symbols, the symbol (J) of the wiring is marked on a part of the wiring shown in part (c) of FIG. 5 .

配線J例如包括引線。配線J有時亦包括接合在一起之複數條引線。又，配線J有時亦包含中繼引線之連接器、保險絲及連接端子。連接器、保險絲及連接端子之圖示予以省略。又，於圖5之部分(c)之實體配線圖中，示出了正極區域之連接。負極區域即接地區域係經由車體2而電性連接。更詳細而言，負極區域經由車體2之未圖示之金屬製框架而電性連接。經由車體2之各裝置之電性連接距離通常與正極區域藉由引線等之連接同等或者更短。因此，於圖5之部分(c)中，省略負極區域藉由車體2之連接之圖示，主要對正極區域之配線進行說明。 The wiring J includes, for example, lead wires. The wiring J also sometimes includes a plurality of leads bonded together. In addition, the wiring J may also include a connector of a relay lead, a fuse, and a connection terminal. Illustrations of connectors, fuses and connecting terminals are omitted. Moreover, in the physical wiring diagram of the part (c) of FIG. 5, the connection of a positive electrode area|region is shown. The negative electrode region, that is, the ground region is electrically connected via the vehicle body 2 . More specifically, the negative electrode region is electrically connected via a metal frame (not shown) of the vehicle body 2 . The electrical connection distance of each device through the vehicle body 2 is generally the same as or shorter than the connection of the positive electrode region by leads or the like. Therefore, in part (c) of FIG. 5, the illustration of the connection of the negative electrode region by the vehicle body 2 is omitted, and the wiring of the positive electrode region is mainly described.

圖5所示之配線J與車輛中設置之其他配線組合而構成未圖示之線束。於圖5之部分(c)中，僅表示將圖示之裝置電性連接之配線J。 The wiring J shown in FIG. 5 is combined with other wirings provided in the vehicle to form a wiring harness (not shown). In part (c) of FIG. 5, only the wiring J which electrically connects the apparatus shown in figure is shown.

於圖5之部分(c)中，概略性地表示各裝置間之配線J之連接關係、及配線J之距離。 In part (c) of FIG. 5, the connection relationship of the wiring J between each device, and the distance of the wiring J are shown schematically.

[引擎單元] [engine unit]

圖6係模式性地表示圖5所示之引擎單元EU之概略構成之局部剖視圖。 FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the engine unit EU shown in FIG. 5 .

引擎單元EU具備引擎10。引擎10具備曲軸箱11、汽缸12、活塞13、連桿14及曲軸15。活塞13設置成可於汽缸12內往返移動。 The engine unit EU includes an engine 10 . The engine 10 includes a crankcase 11 , a cylinder 12 , a piston 13 , a connecting rod 14 , and a crankshaft 15 . The piston 13 is arranged to move back and forth in the cylinder 12 .

曲軸15設置成可於曲軸箱11內進行旋轉。曲軸15經由連桿14與活塞13連結。於汽缸12之上部安裝有汽缸頭16。由汽缸12、汽缸頭16及活塞13形成燃燒室。曲軸15以旋轉自如之態樣支持於曲軸箱11。於曲軸15之一端部15a安裝有永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。於曲軸15之另一端部15b安裝有變速機CVT。變速機CVT可變更輸出之旋轉速度相對於輸入之旋轉 速度之比即變速比。變速機CVT可變更相對於曲軸15之旋轉速度之與車輪之旋轉速度對應之變速比。 The crankshaft 15 is arranged to be rotatable within the crankcase 11 . The crankshaft 15 is connected to the piston 13 via the connecting rod 14 . A cylinder head 16 is attached to the upper part of the cylinder 12 . A combustion chamber is formed by the cylinder 12 , the cylinder head 16 and the piston 13 . The crankshaft 15 is rotatably supported by the crankcase 11 . A permanent magnet motor generator 20 is attached to one end portion 15 a of the crankshaft 15 . A transmission CVT is attached to the other end 15b of the crankshaft 15 . Transmission CVT can change the rotation speed of the output relative to the rotation of the input The speed ratio is the gear ratio. The transmission CVT can change the gear ratio corresponding to the rotational speed of the wheels with respect to the rotational speed of the crankshaft 15 .

於引擎單元EU配備有燃料噴射裝置18。燃料噴射裝置18藉由噴射燃料而向燃燒室供給燃料。燃料噴射裝置18對通過進氣通路Ip流動之空氣噴射燃料。空氣與燃料之混合氣體供給至引擎10之燃燒室。 The engine unit EU is equipped with a fuel injection device 18 . The fuel injection device 18 supplies fuel to the combustion chamber by injecting fuel. The fuel injection device 18 injects fuel to the air flowing through the intake passage Ip. The mixed gas of air and fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber of the engine 10 .

又，於引擎單元EU設置有點火裝置19。點火裝置19具有火星塞19a及點火電壓產生電路19b。火星塞19a設置於引擎10。火星塞19a與點火電壓產生電路19b電性連接。 Moreover, the ignition device 19 is provided in the engine unit EU. The ignition device 19 has a spark plug 19a and an ignition voltage generating circuit 19b. The spark plug 19a is provided in the engine 10 . The spark plug 19a is electrically connected to the ignition voltage generating circuit 19b.

燃料噴射裝置18及點火裝置19係圖1所示之電動輔機L之一例。燃料噴射裝置18及點火裝置19係引擎用輔機之一例。燃料噴射裝置18及點火裝置19以18V系統電壓進行動作。 The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are examples of the electric auxiliary machine L shown in FIG. 1 . The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are examples of engine auxiliary machines. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 operate with a system voltage of 18V.

引擎10係內燃機。引擎10接受燃料供給。引擎10藉由使混合氣體燃燒之燃燒動作而輸出動力。即，活塞13藉由包含供給至燃燒室之燃料之混合氣體之燃燒而往返移動。曲軸15與活塞13之往返移動連動地進行旋轉。動力經由曲軸15輸出至引擎10之外部。 The engine 10 is an internal combustion engine. The engine 10 is supplied with fuel. The engine 10 outputs power by the combustion operation of combusting the air-fuel mixture. That is, the piston 13 reciprocates by combustion of the air-fuel mixture containing the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber. The crankshaft 15 rotates in conjunction with the reciprocating movement of the piston 13 . Power is output to the outside of the engine 10 via the crankshaft 15 .

燃料噴射裝置18藉由調整供給燃料之量而調節自引擎10輸出之動力。燃料噴射裝置18由控制裝置60控制。燃料噴射裝置18係以供給量基於供給至引擎10之空氣之量之燃料的方式被控制。點火裝置19對燃料與空氣混合後之氣體點火。燃料噴射裝置18及點火裝置19係以使引擎10進行燃燒之方式執行動作之引擎用輔機。 The fuel injection device 18 adjusts the power output from the engine 10 by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied. The fuel injection device 18 is controlled by a control device 60 . The fuel injection device 18 is controlled in such a way that the amount of fuel supplied is based on the amount of air supplied to the engine 10 . The ignition device 19 ignites the gas after fuel and air are mixed. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are auxiliary engines for an engine that operate so that the engine 10 is combusted.

引擎10經由曲軸15輸出動力。曲軸15之動力經由變速機CVT及離合器CL(參照圖5之部分(b))傳遞至車輪3b。 The engine 10 outputs power via the crankshaft 15 . The power of the crankshaft 15 is transmitted to the wheels 3b via the transmission CVT and the clutch CL (refer to part (b) of FIG. 5 ).

曲軸箱11構成為內部利用潤滑油(油，圖5部分(b))潤滑。 永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20設置於與潤滑油(油)接觸之位置。 The crankcase 11 is configured to lubricate the inside with lubricating oil (oil, part (b) of FIG. 5 ). The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is provided at a position in contact with lubricating oil (oil).

引擎10係於4衝程期間具有使曲軸15旋轉之負載較大之高負載區域、及使曲軸15旋轉之負載小於高負載區域之負載之低負載區域。所謂高負載區域，係指於引擎10之1個燃燒循環中，負載轉矩高於1個燃燒循環中之負載轉矩之平均值的區域。又，所謂低負載區域，係指於引擎10之1個燃燒循環中，負載轉矩低於1個燃燒循環中之負載轉矩之平均值的區域。若以曲軸15之旋轉角度為基準來看，則低負載區域大於高負載區域。更詳細而言，引擎10一面重複進氣行程、壓縮行程、膨脹行程、及排氣行程這4個行程一面正旋轉。壓縮行程與高負載區域具有重疊。引擎10係單汽缸引擎。 The engine 10 has a high load region where the load that rotates the crankshaft 15 is larger and a low load region where the load that rotates the crankshaft 15 is smaller than that of the high load region during the 4-stroke. The high load region refers to a region in which the load torque in one combustion cycle of the engine 10 is higher than the average value of the load torque in one combustion cycle. In addition, the low-load region refers to a region in which the load torque in one combustion cycle of the engine 10 is lower than the average value of the load torque in one combustion cycle. The low-load region is larger than the high-load region when viewed on the basis of the rotation angle of the crankshaft 15 . More specifically, the engine 10 rotates normally while repeating the four strokes of the intake stroke, the compression stroke, the expansion stroke, and the exhaust stroke. The compression stroke has overlap with the high load area. The engine is a 10-series single-cylinder engine.

圖7係表示圖6所示之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之與旋轉軸線垂直之剖面的剖視圖。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 6 .

參照圖6及圖7對永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20進行說明。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 .

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有轉子30與定子40。本適用例之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20係徑向間隙型。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20係外轉子型。即，轉子30係外轉子。定子40係內定子。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 has a rotor 30 and a stator 40 . The permanent magnet motor generator 20 of this application example is of the radial gap type. Permanent magnet type motor generator 20 series outer rotor type. That is, the rotor 30 is an outer rotor. The stator 40 is an inner stator.

轉子30具有轉子本體部31。轉子本體部31例如包含鐵磁性材料。轉子本體部31呈有底筒狀。轉子本體部31具有筒狀凸座部32、圓板狀之底壁部33及筒狀之背軛部34。底壁部33及背軛部34係一體地形成。再者，底壁部33與背軛部34亦可分開構成。底壁部33及背軛部34經由筒狀凸座部32而固定於曲軸15。轉子30中未設置供給電流之繞組。 The rotor 30 has a rotor body portion 31 . The rotor body portion 31 contains, for example, a ferromagnetic material. The rotor body portion 31 has a bottomed cylindrical shape. The rotor body portion 31 has a cylindrical boss portion 32 , a disc-shaped bottom wall portion 33 and a cylindrical back yoke portion 34 . The bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 are integrally formed. Furthermore, the bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 may be formed separately. The bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 are fixed to the crankshaft 15 via the cylindrical boss portion 32 . No winding for supplying current is provided in the rotor 30 .

轉子30具有永久磁鐵部37。轉子30具有複數個磁極部37a。複數個磁極部37a由永久磁鐵部37形成。複數個磁極部37a設置於背 軛部34之內周面。本適用例中，永久磁鐵部37具有複數個永久磁鐵。即，轉子30具有複數個永久磁鐵。複數個磁極部37a設置於複數個永久磁鐵之各者。 The rotor 30 has a permanent magnet portion 37 . The rotor 30 has a plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a. The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37 a are formed of the permanent magnet portions 37 . A plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are provided on the back The inner peripheral surface of the yoke portion 34 . In this application example, the permanent magnet portion 37 has a plurality of permanent magnets. That is, the rotor 30 has a plurality of permanent magnets. The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are provided to each of the plurality of permanent magnets.

再者，永久磁鐵部37亦可由1個環狀之永久磁鐵形成。於該情形時，1個永久磁鐵係以複數個磁極部37a沿內周面排列之方式磁化。 Furthermore, the permanent magnet portion 37 may be formed of one annular permanent magnet. In this case, one permanent magnet is magnetized so that a plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are arranged along the inner peripheral surface.

複數個磁極部37a係以N極與S極於永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之周向上交替地配置之方式設置。本適用例中，與定子40對向之轉子30之磁極數為24個。所謂轉子30之磁極數係指與定子40對向之磁極數。磁極部37a與定子40之間未設置磁性體。 The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37 a are provided so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 . In this application example, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 30 facing the stator 40 is twenty-four. The number of magnetic poles of the rotor 30 refers to the number of magnetic poles facing the stator 40 . No magnetic body is provided between the magnetic pole portion 37 a and the stator 40 .

磁極部37a設置於永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之徑向上之較定子40更外側。背軛部34設置於徑向上之較磁極部37a更外側。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有較齒部45之數量更多之磁極部37a。 The magnetic pole portion 37 a is provided outside the stator 40 in the radial direction of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . The back yoke portion 34 is disposed radially outside of the magnetic pole portion 37a. The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 has more magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of the tooth portions 45 .

再者，轉子30亦可為磁極部37a嵌入磁性材料中之嵌入磁鐵型(IPM(interior permanent magnet，內藏式永久磁鐵)型)，但較佳為如本適用例般磁極部37a自磁性材料露出之表面磁鐵型(SPM(Surface Permanent Magnet，表面型永久磁鐵)型)。 Furthermore, the rotor 30 may also be an embedded magnet type (IPM (interior permanent magnet) type) in which the magnetic pole portion 37a is embedded in a magnetic material, but preferably the magnetic pole portion 37a is formed from a magnetic material as in this application example. Exposed surface magnet type (SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet, surface permanent magnet) type).

定子40具有定子芯ST與複數個定子繞組W。定子芯ST具有於周向上隔開間隔地設置之複數個齒部(齒)45。複數個齒部45自定子芯ST朝向徑向外側一體地延伸。本適用例中，於周向上隔開間隔地設置有合計18個齒部45。換言之，定子芯ST具有於周向上隔開間隔地形成之合計18個槽SL。齒部45係於周向上等間隔地配置。 The stator 40 has a stator core ST and a plurality of stator windings W. The stator core ST has a plurality of teeth (teeth) 45 provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of teeth 45 integrally extend radially outward from the stator core ST. In this application example, a total of 18 tooth portions 45 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. In other words, the stator core ST has a total of 18 slots SL formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The tooth portions 45 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

轉子30具有數量多於齒部45之數量之磁極部37a。磁極部之數量係槽數之4/3。 The rotor 30 has more magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of the tooth portions 45 . The number of poles is 4/3 of the number of slots.

於各齒部45之周圍捲繞有定子繞組W。即，複數相之定子繞組W係以通過槽SL之方式設置。於圖7中示出了定子繞組W位於槽SL中之狀態。 The stator winding W is wound around each tooth portion 45 . That is, the stator windings W of the plural phases are arranged so as to pass through the slots SL. The state in which the stator winding W is located in the slot SL is shown in FIG. 7 .

永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20係三相發電機。各定子繞組W屬於U相、V相、W相中之任一個。定子繞組W例如以按照U相、V相、W相之順序排列之方式配置。 The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is a three-phase generator. Each stator winding W belongs to any one of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase. The stator windings W are arranged, for example, in the order of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase.

於跨坐型車輛1行駛過程中引擎10處於動作狀態之情形時，藉由永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電力對蓄電裝置4充電。當蓄電裝置4充滿電時，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20發電產生之電力不用於充電，而是藉由例如繞組之短路以熱之形式被消耗。又，於曲軸15之旋轉速度變大至自變流器21輸出至蓄電裝置4之電壓不能控制為額定值之程度的情形時，變流器21以使永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20之定子繞組W發生短路之方式控制切換部211。能夠對蓄電裝置4充電之曲軸15之上限旋轉速度可設定為較高之值。 When the engine 10 is in an operating state while the straddle-type vehicle 1 is running, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . When the power storage device 4 is fully charged, the electric power generated by the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is not used for charging, but is consumed in the form of heat by, for example, a short circuit of the winding. When the rotational speed of the crankshaft 15 increases to such an extent that the voltage output from the inverter 21 to the power storage device 4 cannot be controlled to the rated value, the inverter 21 makes the stator of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 The switching unit 211 is controlled so that the winding W is short-circuited. The upper limit rotation speed of the crankshaft 15 that can charge the power storage device 4 can be set to a higher value.

於發電機發電之情形時，流經定子繞組W之電流會受定子繞組W本身所產生之阻抗之影響。阻抗係妨礙流經定子繞組W之電流之要素。阻抗包含旋轉速度ω與電感之積。此處，旋轉速度ω實際相當於單位時間內通過齒部附近之磁極部之數量。即，旋轉速度ω與發電機中之磁極部數相對於齒部數之比、及轉子之旋轉速度成比例。 When the generator is generating electricity, the current flowing through the stator winding W will be affected by the impedance generated by the stator winding W itself. Impedance is the element that hinders the current flowing through the stator winding W. Impedance consists of the product of the rotational speed ω and the inductance. Here, the rotational speed ω is actually equivalent to the number of magnetic pole portions passing through the vicinity of the tooth portion per unit time. That is, the rotational speed ω is proportional to the ratio of the number of magnetic pole portions to the number of tooth portions in the generator and the rotational speed of the rotor.

圖7所示之永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有數量較齒部45之數量多之磁極部37a。即，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20具有數量較槽SL之數量多之磁極部37a。因此，定子繞組W具有較大之阻抗。因此，施加至蓄電裝置4之電壓與例如具有數量較齒部之數量少之磁極部之情形相比減 少。因此，曲軸15之上限旋轉速度與例如12V之情形相比，可設定為更高之值。因此，為了於永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20中增大啟動時之轉矩，可採用電阻較小之粗繞組。 The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 7 has more magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of the tooth portions 45 . That is, the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 has the magnetic pole portions 37a that are larger in number than the number of the slots SL. Therefore, the stator winding W has a larger impedance. Therefore, the voltage applied to the power storage device 4 is reduced in comparison with, for example, a case where the number of magnetic pole portions is smaller than that of the teeth portions. few. Therefore, the upper limit rotational speed of the crankshaft 15 can be set to a higher value than in the case of, for example, 12V. Therefore, in order to increase the torque at the start of the permanent magnet motor generator 20, thick windings with smaller resistance can be used.

又，於永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20，定子繞組W之溫度不高於或難以高於潤滑油之溫度，因此，即便永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20以與潤滑油接觸之方式配置，亦可抑制潤滑油蒸發。因此，可抑制或避免潤滑油之冷卻機構大型化。 In addition, in the permanent magnet type motor generator 20, the temperature of the stator winding W is not higher than or hardly higher than the temperature of the lubricating oil. Therefore, even if the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is arranged to be in contact with the lubricating oil, it is possible to suppress the Lubricating oil evaporates. Therefore, an increase in size of the cooling mechanism of the lubricating oil can be suppressed or avoided.

於轉子30設置有複數個被檢測部38，上述複數個被檢測部38於周向上隔開間隔地設置於上述轉子。複數個被檢測部38係為了檢測轉子30之旋轉位置而設置。可藉由被檢測部38精密地檢測轉子30及曲軸15之旋轉位置。 The rotor 30 is provided with a plurality of detected portions 38 , and the plurality of detected portions 38 are provided on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of detected parts 38 are provided to detect the rotational position of the rotor 30 . The rotational positions of the rotor 30 and the crankshaft 15 can be precisely detected by the detected portion 38 .

被檢測部38設置於轉子30之外表面。複數個被檢測部38藉由磁作用進行檢測。複數個被檢測部38係於周向上隔開間隔地設置於轉子30之外表面。本實施方式中，複數個被檢測部38係於周向上隔開間隔地設置於轉子30之外周面。 The detected portion 38 is provided on the outer surface of the rotor 30 . The plurality of detected parts 38 are detected by magnetic action. A plurality of detected parts 38 are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 30 at intervals in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the plurality of detected portions 38 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 30 at intervals in the circumferential direction.

轉子位置檢測裝置50檢測轉子30之位置。轉子位置檢測裝置50設置於與複數個被檢測部38對向之位置。即，轉子位置檢測裝置50配置於如複數個被檢測部38與轉子位置檢測裝置50依次對向之位置。轉子位置檢測裝置50與伴隨轉子30之旋轉而被檢測部38通過之路徑對向。轉子位置檢測裝置50配置於與定子40分離之位置。本實施方式中，轉子位置檢測裝置50係以於曲軸15之徑向上轉子30之背軛部34及永久磁鐵部37位於轉子位置檢測裝置50與定子40及定子繞組W之間的方式配置。轉子位置檢測裝置50配置於啟動器馬達SG之徑向上之較轉子30更靠外側， 且朝向轉子30之外周面。 The rotor position detection device 50 detects the position of the rotor 30 . The rotor position detection device 50 is provided at a position facing the plurality of detected parts 38 . That is, the rotor position detection device 50 is arranged at a position where the plurality of detected parts 38 and the rotor position detection device 50 face each other in order. The rotor position detection device 50 faces the path through which the detection unit 38 passes along with the rotation of the rotor 30 . The rotor position detection device 50 is arranged at a position separated from the stator 40 . In this embodiment, the rotor position detection device 50 is arranged so that the back yoke 34 and the permanent magnet portion 37 of the rotor 30 are located between the rotor position detection device 50 , the stator 40 and the stator winding W in the radial direction of the crankshaft 15 . The rotor position detection device 50 is arranged outside the rotor 30 in the radial direction of the starter motor SG, and toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 30 .

轉子位置檢測裝置50具有檢測用繞組。檢測用繞組51係與定子40具有之定子繞組W分開設置之繞組。對定子繞組W供給藉由電磁力驅動啟動器馬達SG之轉子30之電流，與此相對，不對檢測用繞組51供給驅動啟動器馬達SG之轉子30之電流。 The rotor position detection device 50 has a detection winding. The detection winding 51 is a winding provided separately from the stator winding W included in the stator 40 . The stator winding W is supplied with a current for driving the rotor 30 of the starter motor SG by electromagnetic force, whereas the detection winding 51 is not supplied with a current for driving the rotor 30 of the starter motor SG.

轉子位置檢測裝置50係電磁地檢測被檢測部38，因此，例如與霍耳IC(Integrated Circuit，積體電路)相比，配置之自由度更高。可使引擎單元EU小型化。 The rotor position detection device 50 electromagnetically detects the detected portion 38 , and therefore has a higher degree of freedom of arrangement than, for example, a Hall IC (Integrated Circuit). The engine unit EU can be downsized.

[第2適用例] [Second application example]

圖8係表示具有不同種類之第2蓄電部42之第2適用例之充電時之電壓變化之概況的線圖。 FIG. 8 is a graph showing the outline of the voltage change during charging of the second application example of the second power storage unit 42 having different types.

於圖8所示之第2適用例中，設想電容器作為第2蓄電部42。再者，第1蓄電部41係與圖3所示之例相同之電池。 In the second application example shown in FIG. 8 , a capacitor is assumed as the second power storage unit 42 . In addition, the 1st power storage part 41 is the same battery as the example shown in FIG. 3. FIG.

電容器係不基於化學反應而是利用靜電力蓄積離子等電荷之元件。因此，電容器之電壓與充電量大致成比例。例如，隨著電容器放電，電容器之電壓降低。 Capacitors are devices that use electrostatic force to store electric charges such as ions rather than chemical reactions. Therefore, the voltage of the capacitor is roughly proportional to the amount of charge. For example, as the capacitor discharges, the voltage of the capacitor decreases.

電容器之電容一般具有較具有相等容積之電池小之電容。又，電容器由於不基於化學反應來蓄積電荷，故具有較具有相等容積之電池大之最大充電電流。因此，電容器之最大充電率高於電池。 The capacitance of a capacitor generally has a smaller capacitance than a battery of equal volume. In addition, since the capacitor does not store electric charge by chemical reaction, it has a larger maximum charging current than a battery having the same volume. Therefore, the maximum charge rate of capacitors is higher than that of batteries.

圖8中，表示自作為電容器之第2蓄電部42中充電量因放電而大致成為0%之狀態(時刻0)開始充電時的電壓變化之概況。 In FIG. 8, the outline of the voltage change when charging is started from the state (time 0) where the charge amount of the 2nd power storage part 42 which is a capacitor|condenser becomes substantially 0% by discharge is shown.

於時刻0，充電量大致為0%之第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2b大致為0V。 At time 0, the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 whose charge amount is substantially 0% is substantially 0V.

由於第2蓄電部42具有較大之最大充電率，故第2蓄電部42之第2電壓 V2b快速上升。第2蓄電部42與第1蓄電部41相比更快速地充電。當第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2b達到上限電壓時，第2電壓V2b藉由電流維持電路43而控制為上限電壓。於圖8之例中，維持為約6V。第2蓄電部42係於第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2b達到上限電壓之前，較第2電壓V2b達到上限電壓之後更快速地充電。快速充電係充電速度、即每單位時間之充電量較大之充電。於圖8所示之例中，第2蓄電部42係於時刻t3之前之期間，以較時刻t3之後之期間大之充電速度充電。與此相對，第1蓄電部41係於時刻t3之前之期間，以較時刻t3之後小之充電速度充電。第1蓄電部41係於時刻t3之後之期間藉由來自電流維持電路43之電流而以較大之充電速度充電。 Since the second power storage unit 42 has a larger maximum charging rate, the second voltage of the second power storage unit 42 V2b rises rapidly. The second power storage unit 42 is charged more rapidly than the first power storage unit 41 . When the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 reaches the upper limit voltage, the second voltage V2b is controlled to the upper limit voltage by the current maintaining circuit 43 . In the example of FIG. 8, it is maintained at about 6V. The second power storage unit 42 is charged more rapidly before the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 reaches the upper limit voltage than after the second voltage V2b reaches the upper limit voltage. Fast charging refers to the charging speed, that is, the charging with a larger amount of charge per unit time. In the example shown in FIG. 8 , the second power storage unit 42 is charged at a higher charging rate in the period before time t3 than in the period after time t3. On the other hand, the first power storage unit 41 is charged at a lower charging rate than after the time t3 during the period before the time t3. The first power storage unit 41 is charged at a high charging speed by the current from the current maintaining circuit 43 in the period after the time t3.

蓄電裝置4之電壓VTb係第1蓄電部41之第1電壓V1b與第2蓄電部42之第2電壓V2b之合計。自充電開始起直至蓄電裝置4之電壓VTb達到例如充電電壓之約95%即17.5V為止的時間t3例如較無第2蓄電部而第1蓄電部41之規模單純地成為1.5倍之情形時的蓄電裝置4之電壓VTb'達到17.5V為止之時間t4短。 The voltage VTb of the power storage device 4 is the sum of the first voltage V1b of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 . The time t3 from the start of charging until the voltage VTb of the power storage device 4 reaches, for example, about 95% of the charging voltage, ie, 17.5 V, is compared with the case where the scale of the first power storage section 41 is simply 1.5 times the size of the first power storage section 41 without the second power storage section, for example. The time t4 until the voltage VTb' of the power storage device 4 reaches 17.5V is short.

圖9係表示圖1所示之蓄電裝置4之變化例之圖。 FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a modification of the power storage device 4 shown in FIG. 1 .

圖9(A)所示之例之蓄電裝置4具備作為第1蓄電部41之電池、及作為第2蓄電部42之電池。於蓄電裝置4設置有電流維持電路43。 The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(A) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and a battery as the second power storage unit 42 . The power storage device 4 is provided with a current maintaining circuit 43 .

作為第2蓄電部42之電池之最大充電率大於作為第1蓄電部41之電池之最大充電率之2倍。作為第2蓄電部42之電池之最大額定電壓較作為第1蓄電部41之電池之最大額定電壓小。作為第2蓄電部42之電池之上限電壓較作為第1蓄電部41之電池之最大額定電壓小。作為第2蓄電部42之電池之上限電壓較作為第1蓄電部41之電池之標稱電壓小。 The maximum charging rate of the battery serving as the second power storage unit 42 is greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the battery serving as the first power storage unit 41 . The maximum rated voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41 . The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41 . The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is lower than the nominal voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41 .

作為第1蓄電部41之電池之標稱電壓例如為12V。作為第2蓄電部42 之電池之標稱電壓例如為6V。作為第2蓄電部42之電池之上限電壓例如為6V。但是，第1蓄電部41與第2蓄電部42之具體電壓組合並無特別限制，例如亦可為8V與6V之組合、例如10V與8V之組合、或11V與8V之組合、或12V與2.5V之組合。 The nominal voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41 is, for example, 12V. as the second power storage unit 42 The nominal voltage of the battery is, for example, 6V. The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is, for example, 6V. However, the specific voltage combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a combination of 8V and 6V, such as a combination of 10V and 8V, a combination of 11V and 8V, or a combination of 12V and 2.5V. A combination of V.

圖9(B)所示之例之蓄電裝置4具備作為第1蓄電部41之電池、及作為第2蓄電部42之1個電容器。於蓄電裝置4設置有電流維持電路43。施加至作為第2蓄電部42之1個電容器之最大電壓係對電流維持電路43設定之上限電壓。電流維持電路43之上限電壓根據電容器之耐壓及蓄電裝置4之最大額定電壓而設定。對電流維持電路43設定之上限電壓例如為6V。但是，上限電壓並無特別限制，根據電容器之耐壓及蓄電裝置4，亦可為2.5V或8V或10V。 The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(B) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and one capacitor as the second power storage unit 42 . The power storage device 4 is provided with a current maintaining circuit 43 . The maximum voltage applied to one capacitor serving as the second power storage unit 42 is the upper limit voltage set to the current maintaining circuit 43 . The upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43 is set according to the withstand voltage of the capacitor and the maximum rated voltage of the power storage device 4 . The upper limit voltage set to the current maintaining circuit 43 is, for example, 6V. However, the upper limit voltage is not particularly limited, and may be 2.5V, 8V, or 10V depending on the withstand voltage of the capacitor and the power storage device 4 .

圖9(C)所示之例之蓄電裝置4具備作為第1蓄電部41之電池、及作為第2蓄電部42之2個電容器。藉此，作為電流維持電路43之上限電壓，可設定較1個電容器之耐壓大之電壓。又，第2蓄電部42可輸入及輸出較1個電容器之耐壓大之電壓。 The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(C) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and two capacitors as the second power storage unit 42 . Thereby, as the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43, a voltage larger than the withstand voltage of one capacitor can be set. In addition, the second power storage unit 42 can input and output a voltage higher than the withstand voltage of one capacitor.

圖9(D)所示之例之蓄電裝置4具備作為第1蓄電部41之電池、及作為第2蓄電部42之3個電容器。藉此，作為電流維持電路43之上限電壓，可設定大於1個電容器之耐壓之2倍之電壓。又，第2蓄電部42可輸入及輸出大於1個電容器之耐壓之2倍之電壓。 The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(D) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and three capacitors as the second power storage unit 42 . Thereby, as the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43, a voltage greater than twice the withstand voltage of one capacitor can be set. In addition, the second power storage unit 42 can input and output a voltage that is more than twice the withstand voltage of one capacitor.

圖9(E)所示之例之蓄電裝置4相對於圖9(B)所示之例而言，進而具備並聯電容器部44。並聯電容器部44與第1蓄電部41並聯連接。並聯電容器部44具備1個電容器。該構成適合於1個電容器之耐壓大於作為第1蓄電部41之電池之情形。 The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(E) is further provided with the parallel capacitor part 44 compared with the example shown to FIG. 9(B). The parallel capacitor unit 44 is connected in parallel with the first power storage unit 41 . The parallel capacitor unit 44 includes one capacitor. This configuration is suitable when the withstand voltage of one capacitor is larger than that of the battery serving as the first power storage unit 41 .

電容器一般可於較釋放相同電力之電池短之期間內供給電力。電容器之內部電阻一般小於電池之內部電阻。又，電容器蓄積與電壓實質上成比例之電力(電荷)。電容器一般可釋放與電壓成比例之電力。 Capacitors generally supply power for a shorter period of time than batteries that deliver the same power. The internal resistance of a capacitor is generally smaller than that of a battery. In addition, the capacitor stores electric power (charge) substantially proportional to the voltage. Capacitors generally discharge power proportional to voltage.

因此，例如因引擎啟動而消耗第1蓄電部41與並聯電容器部44之電力之後，可自第1蓄電部41對並聯電容器部44供給電壓。即，並聯電容器部44可利用第1蓄電部41之電力進行充電。即便於在下一次引擎啟動時第1蓄電部41無法單獨供給啟動所要求之電力之狀況下，並聯電容器部44可供給啟動所要求之電力的可能性亦較高。 Therefore, for example, after the electric power of the first power storage unit 41 and the parallel capacitor unit 44 is consumed by starting the engine, a voltage can be supplied from the first power storage unit 41 to the parallel capacitor unit 44 . That is, the parallel capacitor unit 44 can be charged with the electric power of the first power storage unit 41 . Even in a situation where the first power storage unit 41 alone cannot supply the electric power required for startup at the next engine startup, the shunt capacitor section 44 is highly likely to supply the electric power required for startup.

於圖9(F)所示之例之蓄電裝置4中，相對於圖9(C)所示之例而言，附加有並聯電容器部44。 In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG.9(F), the parallel capacitor part 44 is added to the example shown in FIG.9(C).

如圖9(F)所示之例般，第1蓄電部41具有之電容器之數量與並聯電容器部44具有之電容器之數量亦可不同。第1蓄電部41具有之電容器之數量與並聯電容器部44具有之電容器之數量可根據電流維持電路43之上限電壓及作為第1蓄電部41之電池之最大額定電壓而選擇。於圖9(F)所示之例之蓄電裝置4中，並聯電容器部44具備4個電容器。 As shown in FIG. 9(F) , the number of capacitors included in the first power storage unit 41 and the number of capacitors included in the parallel capacitor unit 44 may be different. The number of capacitors included in the first power storage unit 41 and the number of capacitors included in the parallel capacitor unit 44 can be selected according to the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43 and the maximum rated voltage of the battery serving as the first power storage unit 41 . In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG.9(F), the parallel capacitor part 44 is equipped with four capacitors.

於圖9(G)所示之例之蓄電裝置4中，相對於圖9(D)所示之例而言，附加有並聯電容器部44。於圖9(G)所示之例之蓄電裝置4中，並聯電容器部44具備3個電容器。 In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG.9(G), the parallel capacitor part 44 is added to the example shown in FIG.9(D). In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG.9(G), the parallel capacitor part 44 is equipped with three capacitors.

電池之數量及電容器之數量並不限於圖9之(A)至(G)所示之數量。 The number of batteries and the number of capacitors are not limited to those shown in (A) to (G) of FIG. 9 .

例如，對於圖7(G)所示之例之蓄電裝置4，並聯電容器部44亦可具備6個電容器。構成第1蓄電部41之電容器與構成並聯電容器部44之電容器之最大額定電壓容易保持平衡。 For example, in the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 7(G) , the parallel capacitor unit 44 may include six capacitors. The maximum rated voltages of the capacitor constituting the first power storage unit 41 and the capacitor constituting the parallel capacitor unit 44 are easily balanced.

又，進而，對於蓄電裝置4，第1蓄電部41例如亦可具備相互並聯連接之2組電容器之組。電容器之組例如包括串聯連接之3個電容器。於該情形時，第1蓄電部41之電容增大。又，例如，進而並聯電容器部44亦可具備6個電容器。 Furthermore, in the power storage device 4, the first power storage unit 41 may include, for example, a group of two sets of capacitors connected in parallel with each other. The group of capacitors includes, for example, three capacitors connected in series. In this case, the capacitance of the first power storage unit 41 increases. Furthermore, for example, the parallel capacitor unit 44 may further include six capacitors.

並聯電容器部44具有之電容器與第2蓄電部42具有之電容器之種類相同。例如最大額定電壓及靜電容量實質上相等之電容器係同種電容器。例如電壓及靜電容量之標稱值相等之電容器係同種電容器。 The capacitor included in the parallel capacitor unit 44 is of the same type as the capacitor included in the second power storage unit 42 . For example, capacitors with substantially the same maximum rated voltage and capacitance are of the same type. For example, capacitors with the same nominal values of voltage and capacitance are of the same type.

但是，並聯電容器部44具有之電容器與第2蓄電部42具有之電容器之種類亦可互不相同。 However, the types of the capacitors included in the parallel capacitor unit 44 and the capacitors included in the second power storage unit 42 may be different from each other.

圖10係表示圖1所示之跨坐型車輛之電氣構成之變化的方塊圖。 FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a change in the electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in FIG. 1 .

於圖10所示之例中，電動輔機L不自第2蓄電部42接受電力供給而是自第1蓄電部41接受電力供給。 In the example shown in FIG. 10 , the electric auxiliary machine L does not receive power supply from the second power storage unit 42 but receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41 .

藉此，可將第1蓄電部41中蓄積之電力更集中地供給以驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。例如，於引擎10啟動時，可於更長之期間驅動永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20。 Thereby, the electric power stored in the first power storage unit 41 can be more intensively supplied to drive the permanent magnet motor generator 20 . For example, when the engine 10 is started, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be driven for a longer period of time.

又，作為電動輔機L或其一部分，可具備具有較第1蓄電部41及第2蓄電部42之最大合計電壓小之額定電壓的裝置。 In addition, as the electric auxiliary machine L or a part thereof, a device having a rated voltage smaller than the maximum total voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 may be provided.

再者，圖10所示之例中之主繼電器75a係與18V系統電壓及12V系統電壓兩者對應之雙電路類型。但是，繼電器並無特別限制，例如亦可為獨立之2個繼電器。又，不僅電動輔機L，例如控制裝置60之一部分電路亦可與電動輔機L同樣地構成為不自第2蓄電部42接受電力供給而是自第1蓄電部41接受電力供給。 Furthermore, the main relay 75a in the example shown in FIG. 10 is a dual circuit type corresponding to both the 18V system voltage and the 12V system voltage. However, the relays are not particularly limited, and for example, two independent relays may be used. In addition to the electric auxiliary machine L, for example, a part of the circuit of the control device 60 may be configured not to receive power supply from the second power storage unit 42 but to receive power supply from the first power storage unit 41 , similarly to the electric auxiliary machine L.

又，跨坐型車輛亦可具備與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20不同之啟動器馬達。即，跨坐型車輛亦可具備永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20與啟動器馬達。於該情形時，啟動器馬達電性地設置於圖10之例中之電動輔機L之位置。於該情形時，啟動器馬達經由與啟動器開關6連動之開關而自第1蓄電部41接受電力供給。於該情形時，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20輔助藉由啟動器馬達之引擎啟動。即，啟動器馬達接受電力供給而驅動曲軸15之期間之至少一部分係與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20接受電力供給而驅動曲軸15之期間之至少一部分重疊。 In addition, the saddle-riding type vehicle may be provided with a starter motor different from the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 . That is, the straddle-type vehicle may include the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the starter motor. In this case, the starter motor is electrically set at the position of the electric auxiliary machine L in the example of FIG. 10 . In this case, the starter motor receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41 via a switch linked to the starter switch 6 . In this case, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 assists the engine starting by the starter motor. That is, at least a part of the period during which the starter motor is supplied with power to drive the crankshaft 15 overlaps with at least a part of the period during which the permanent magnet motor generator 20 is supplied with power and drives the crankshaft 15 .

即，啟動器馬達自第1蓄電部41接受例如12V之電壓供給。永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20自串聯連接之第1蓄電部41及第2蓄電部42接受電力供給。即，永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20例如接受大於12V之電壓供給。 That is, the starter motor receives, for example, a voltage supply of 12V from the first power storage unit 41 . The permanent magnet motor generator 20 receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series. That is, the permanent magnet type motor generator 20 receives the voltage supply of more than 12V, for example.

但是，跨坐型車輛之變化中之啟動器馬達之電力供給路徑並不限於上述說明之構成。例如，啟動器馬達亦可與永久磁鐵式馬達發電機20同樣地，自串聯連接之第1蓄電部41及第2蓄電部42接受電力供給。 However, the electric power supply path of the starter motor in the variant of the saddle-riding type vehicle is not limited to the configuration described above. For example, the starter motor may receive power supply from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series, similarly to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 .

又，例如，藉由進而具備電源路徑之切換部，例如，亦可於第1蓄電部41之電壓大於基準之情形時，啟動器馬達自第1蓄電部41接受電力供給，並且，於第1蓄電部41之電壓小於基準之情形時，自串聯連接之第1蓄電部41及第2蓄電部42接受電力供給。 In addition, for example, by further including a switching portion for the power supply path, for example, when the voltage of the first power storage portion 41 is greater than a reference, the starter motor may receive power supply from the first power storage portion 41, and the first power storage portion 41 When the voltage of the power storage unit 41 is lower than the reference, power supply is received from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series.

1:跨坐型車輛 1: Straddle vehicle

2:車體 2: body

3a,3b:車輪 3a, 3b: Wheels

4:蓄電裝置 4: Power storage device

5:主開關 5: Main switch

6:啟動器開關 6: Starter switch

10:引擎 10: Engine

15:曲軸 15: Crankshaft

20:永久磁鐵式馬達發電機 20: Permanent magnet motor generator

21:變流器 21: Inverter

37:永久磁鐵部 37: Permanent magnet part

41:第1蓄電部 41: The first power storage unit

42:第2蓄電部 42: The second storage unit

43:電流維持電路 43: Current maintenance circuit

60:控制裝置 60: Control device

75:主繼電器 75: Main relay

211:切換部 211: Switching Department

L:電動輔機 L: electric auxiliary

W:定子繞組 W: stator winding

Claims (8)

一種跨坐型車輛，其具備：車輪；引擎，其具有曲軸，且自上述曲軸輸出藉由燃燒動作產生之用以驅動上述車輪之轉矩；永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，其設置於上述曲軸之一端部，具有永久磁鐵，藉由使上述曲軸旋轉而啟動或輔助上述引擎，並且藉由被上述引擎驅動而發電；第1蓄電部，其係具有12V以上之最大額定電壓且蓄積電力之電池；第2蓄電部，其對於上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機始終與上述第1蓄電部串聯連接，且具有大於上述第1蓄電部之最大充電率之2倍之最大充電率；變流器，其電性連接於始終和上述第1蓄電部串聯連接之上述第2蓄電部及上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，且具備對自上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出之電流進行控制之複數個切換部；及電流維持電路，其於上述引擎之啟動或輔助時，自串聯連接之上述第1蓄電部及上述第2蓄電部經由上述變流器向上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輸出電流，並且在藉由不經由減速機而設置於上述曲軸之一端部之上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機發電而上述變流器至少對上述第1蓄電部充電期間，維持如下狀態，即，不將上述第2蓄電部電性切斷，以施加至上述第2蓄電部之電壓不超過對上述第2蓄電部設定之上限電壓之方式產生電壓下降並且使充電電流流至上述第1蓄電部。 A saddle-riding vehicle comprising: wheels; an engine having a crankshaft and outputting from the crankshaft a torque generated by a combustion operation for driving the wheels; a permanent magnet motor generator provided on the crankshaft One end has a permanent magnet, which starts or assists the engine by rotating the crankshaft, and generates electricity by being driven by the engine; the first power storage part is a battery that has a maximum rated voltage of 12V or more and stores electric power; A second power storage unit, which is always connected in series with the first power storage unit for the permanent magnet type motor generator, and has a maximum charging rate that is twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit; is connected to the second power storage unit and the permanent magnet motor-generator which are always connected in series with the first power storage unit, and is provided with a plurality of switching units for controlling the current output from the permanent magnet motor-generator; and A current maintaining circuit, which outputs current from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series to the permanent magnet motor-generator via the inverter when the engine is started or assisted, and when the engine is not The permanent magnet motor-generator installed at one end of the crankshaft via a speed reducer maintains a state in which the second power storage unit is not electrically powered while the inverter charges at least the first power storage unit. It cuts off, causes a voltage drop so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit, and causes a charging current to flow to the first power storage unit. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中上述第2蓄電部之上限電壓低於上述第1蓄電部之最大額定電壓。 The straddle-type vehicle of claim 1, wherein the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit. 如請求項1或2之跨坐型車輛，其中於上述變流器至少對上述第1蓄電部充電期間，施加至上述第2蓄電部之上述電壓即第2電壓低於施加至上述第1蓄電部之第1電壓。 The straddle-type vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voltage applied to the second power storage section, that is, the second voltage, is lower than the voltage applied to the first power storage section while the inverter is charging at least the first power storage section. The first voltage of the part. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中上述跨坐型車輛具備與作為電池之上述第1蓄電部並聯連接之電容器。 The straddle-type vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the straddle-type vehicle includes a capacitor connected in parallel with the first power storage unit as a battery. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中永久磁鐵式馬達發電機具備：轉子，其具有由上述永久磁鐵構成之複數個磁極部；及定子，其具有於上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機之周向上隔開間隔地形成有複數個槽之定子芯、及以通過上述槽之方式設置之繞組；且上述磁極部之數量多於上述複數個齒之數量。 The saddle-riding type vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet motor-generator comprises: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions formed of the permanent magnets; and a stator having a circumferential direction of the permanent-magnet motor-generator A stator core having a plurality of slots is formed at intervals, and a winding is provided so as to pass through the slots; and the number of the magnetic pole portions is larger than the number of the plurality of teeth. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中永久磁鐵式發電機具備：轉子，其具有由上述永久磁鐵構成之複數個磁極部，且不經由減速機而連接於曲軸之一端部；定子，其具有於上述永久磁鐵式發電機之周向上隔開間隔地形成有 複數個槽之定子芯、及以通過上述槽之方式設置之定子繞組；複數個被檢測部，其等在周向上隔開間隔地設置於上述轉子；及轉子位置檢測裝置，其設置於與複數個上述被檢測部對向之位置，且具有與上述定子繞組分開設置之檢測用繞組。 The saddle-riding vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet generator includes: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions formed of the permanent magnets and connected to one end of the crankshaft without a speed reducer; and a stator having are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet generator A stator core of a plurality of slots, and a stator winding arranged so as to pass through the slots; a plurality of detected parts, etc., which are arranged on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction; and a rotor position detection device, which is arranged in a Each of the positions facing the detected portion has a detection winding provided separately from the stator winding. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中上述引擎進而具備構成為內部利用油潤滑之曲軸箱，且上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機設置於與上述油接觸之位置。 The saddle-ridden vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the engine further includes a crankcase configured to be lubricated with oil inside, and the permanent magnet motor-generator is provided at a position in contact with the oil. 如請求項1之跨坐型車輛，其中上述變流器係於上述跨坐型車輛之行駛中，將來自上述第1蓄電部及上述第2蓄電部之電力供給至上述永久磁鐵式馬達發電機，使永久磁鐵式馬達發電機輔助曲軸之旋轉。 The saddle-riding vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the inverter supplies the electric power from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to the permanent magnet motor-generator while the saddle-riding vehicle is running , so that the permanent magnet motor generator assists the rotation of the crankshaft.
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