TW202128471A - Straddled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straddled vehicle that makes it possible to achieve a compact vehicle body while minimizing decreases in the performance of a permanent magnet-type motor generator provided to one end of a crankshaft. This straddled vehicle is provided with wheels, an engine, a permanent magnet-type motor generator, a first power storage unit, a second power storage unit, an inverter, and a current maintenance circuit. The first power storage unit is a battery having a maximum rated voltage of at least 12V. The second power storage unit is normally connected in series with the first power storage unit and has a maximum charging rate greater than two times the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. When starting or assisting the engine, the current maintenance circuit causes current to be output via the inverter from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series to the permanent magnet-type motor generator and, during charging, maintains a state in which the second power storage unit is not electrically disconnected and charging current flows to the first power storage unit such that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not surpass an upper limit voltage set therein.

Description

Straddle vehicle

The present invention relates to a straddle-type vehicle.

For example, Patent Document 1 shows a straddle-type vehicle. The straddle-type vehicle of Patent Document 1 is a hybrid electric vehicle. The straddle-type vehicle of Patent Document 1 includes an engine, an ACG starter (alternating current generator starter), a first battery, and a second battery. ACG starter is a permanent magnet generator. The ACG starter is arranged at one end of the crankshaft of the engine. The engine is started by the drive of the ACG starter. The first battery is a 48 V battery that supplies power to the ACG starter. The second battery is a low-voltage 12 V battery that supplies power to a plurality of auxiliary machines. The ACG starter functions as a generator. Charge the first battery. In addition, the electric charge caused by the voltage of the first battery is stored in the capacitor. This charge charges the second battery via the inverter. The first battery of the straddle-type vehicle of Patent Document 1 starts the engine by supplying electric power to the ACG starter. When the remaining capacity of the first battery does not reach the set value, the ACG starter is driven by the power supplied from the second battery. Prior art literature Patent literature

Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2018/180650

[The problem to be solved by the invention]

The straddle-type vehicle is configured to control the posture of the vehicle by the weight movement of the rider during driving. Therefore, from the viewpoint of operability and driving performance, the body of the straddle-type vehicle is required to be small. The straddle-type vehicle is required to suppress the decrease in engine starting performance and to make the vehicle body small. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the ACG starter of a straddle-type vehicle is not connected to the crankshaft via a reduction gear such as a gear or a pulley. Therefore, the structure of the unit including the engine and the ACG starter is simple, and the body of the straddle-type vehicle can be miniaturized.

An ACG starter installed on the crankshaft without a reducer requires a larger torque to be output when driving the crankshaft by exerting the engine starting performance compared to the case where the ACG starter is connected to the crankshaft via a reduction gear. The straddle-type vehicle is required to suppress engine start or decrease in auxiliary performance and to make the vehicle body small.

The object of the present invention is to provide a straddle-type vehicle, which can suppress the reduction of engine start or assist performance of a permanent magnet generator installed on the crankshaft without passing through the reducer, and make the vehicle body compact. [Technical means to solve the problem]

According to the straddle-type vehicle of Patent Document 1, for example, the first battery outputs 48 V to start the engine. Furthermore, when the remaining capacity of the first battery does not reach the set value, the power supply is switched from the first battery to the second battery of the 12 V system. The first battery that outputs 48 V to start the engine has more single cells than the 12 V battery, so it is larger than the general 12 V battery. As a result, although the straddle-type vehicle shown in Patent Document 1 is equipped with an ACG starter connected to the crankshaft without a reduction gear device, it has increased in size. That is, the vehicle body cannot be made small.

The inventors considered effective use of two types of power storage units. In addition to studying the first power storage unit that has a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more and stores electric power, the present inventors also studied the second power storage unit that is always connected in series with the first power storage unit. The second power storage unit is set to have a maximum charging rate greater than the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. The inventors have further studied an additional current maintaining circuit. The current maintaining circuit maintains a state in which the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit, and the voltage drop is generated and the charging current Flow to the first power storage unit. Thereby, during the charging of the first power storage unit, it is possible to maintain a state in which the second power storage unit is not electrically cut off so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit In this way, the charging current flows to the first power storage unit.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-510657 shows a first voltage supply unit and an electric storage unit included in an automobile. According to the publication, the power storage unit is cut off according to the state of the switch. Therefore, the maximum voltage of power generation may be directly applied to the first voltage supply unit. In automobiles as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-510657, an AC generator capable of adjusting the output with a magnetic field current is generally installed. In contrast, straddle-type vehicles are equipped with permanent magnet motor generators, which can reduce the size of the power generation devices mounted on them. However, the permanent magnet motor generator is different from the alternator and cannot use the field current to regulate the generated power. However, by configuring the current maintaining circuit to not electrically cut off the second power storage unit and cause a voltage drop, the remaining voltage applied to the first power storage unit can be suppressed to be suitable for charging the first power storage unit.

The power storage device has a first power storage section and a second power storage section with a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more, and the first power storage section and the second power storage section are always connected in series, so that the power storage device can output more than 12 V when the power storage device is discharging. The voltage. As a result, when the engine is started or assisted, the permanent magnet motor generator and converter can be driven with a voltage greater than 12 V. With the combination of the second power storage unit, it is easy to output a voltage greater than 12 V. Moreover, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit combined with the first power storage unit, and the voltage of the current maintaining circuit, the voltage at the time of discharge of the power storage device can be easily adapted to the capacity and required output of the permanent magnet motor generator. . That is, as the output voltage of the power storage device, a voltage larger than the voltage of the first power storage unit can be easily set.

The maximum charging rate of the second power storage unit is set to be greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. Therefore, when the current flowing through the second power storage unit when the power storage device is being charged also flows through the first power storage unit, the charging rate of the second power storage unit relative to the full charge is likely to be higher than the charging rate of the first power storage unit. That is, for example, the second power storage unit is charged in a shorter period of time than the first power storage unit. Therefore, even in the middle of charging after the power storage device is discharged, the power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12 V, and it can be restored to a state capable of outputting a larger voltage within a short time after charging starts.

Therefore, when the engine is started or assisted, the permanent magnet motor generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12 V.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-510657, the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit are connected in series. The voltage from both the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit connected in series is supplied to the power component that requires stabilization of the applied voltage. When starting or assisting the engine, only the first voltage supply unit of the first voltage supply unit and the power storage unit supplies electric power to the first electric machine as the starter motor. The first voltage supply unit is a 12 V battery. Therefore, the maximum voltage supplied to the starter motor is limited to 12 V.

In contrast, when the starter motor receives power from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series, the starter motor can output a larger torque compared to the case of 12 V or less. In addition, the starter motor can drive the crankshaft to a higher rotational speed. Therefore, the starting performance or auxiliary performance of the straddle-type vehicle can be improved.

The power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12 V through the combination of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit. Therefore, neither the first power storage unit nor the second power storage unit need to separately output a voltage greater than 12 V. Therefore, the configuration of driving the permanent magnet motor generator with a voltage greater than 12 V is comparable to the case where at least one of the first power storage unit or the second power storage unit corresponds to a voltage greater than 12 V as in Patent Document 1, for example. Compared with, the volume of the power storage device can be miniaturized.

In addition, in the two situations of discharging and charging the power storage device, the voltage between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator is greater than 12 V. Therefore, in the case of power transmission, the current flowing between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator can be reduced. Therefore, the current loss can be reduced. In addition, as described above, the second power storage unit is charged in a shorter period of time than the first power storage unit. In addition, since the first power storage unit is a battery, the amount of voltage drop due to discharge is smaller than that of the second power storage unit. That is, the voltage drop of the first power storage unit due to discharge is suppressed. Therefore, in a short time after charging is started from the discharged state of the power storage device, the power storage device can output a larger voltage obtained by adding the voltage of the first power storage unit to the voltage of the second power storage unit.

Since the power storage device can output a relatively large voltage, the wiring distance between the power storage device and the converter permanent magnet motor generator can be set to be longer in accordance with the allowable range of a certain loss. As a result, the degree of freedom in the layout of the power storage device and the converter in the vehicle body is increased. Therefore, the arrangement position of the power storage device and the converter can be adjusted, so that the waste of space when the power storage device and the converter are arranged can be suppressed . Therefore, the vehicle body can be made small.

The straddle-type vehicle based on each viewpoint of the present invention completed based on the above knowledge has the following configuration.

(1) A straddle-type vehicle, which has: wheel; An engine, which has a crankshaft, and outputs the torque generated by the combustion action to drive the wheels from the crankshaft; A permanent magnet motor generator, which is arranged at one end of the crankshaft, has a permanent magnet, starts or assists the engine by rotating the crankshaft, and generates electricity by being driven by the engine; The first power storage unit is a battery that has a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more and stores power; A second power storage unit, which is always connected in series with the first power storage unit with respect to the permanent magnet motor generator, and has a maximum charging rate greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit; The converter is electrically connected to the second power storage unit and the permanent magnet motor generator which are always connected in series with the first power storage unit, and is provided with a device for controlling the current output from the permanent magnet motor generator A plurality of switching parts; and A current sustaining circuit, which, when the engine is started or assisted, is connected in series from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit via the converter to the permanent device provided at one end of the crankshaft without a reduction gear. The magnet-type motor generator outputs current, and during the period when the inverter charges at least the first power storage unit by generating electricity by the permanent magnet motor generator, the state is maintained such that the second power storage unit is not electrically charged. Cut off, and allow charging current to flow to the first power storage unit so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit.

In the straddle-type vehicle with the above configuration, the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit with a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more are always connected in series, and when the power storage device is discharged, a voltage greater than 12 V can be output . Furthermore, the power storage device includes a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit. As a result, when the engine is started or assisted, the permanent magnet motor generator and converter can be driven with a voltage greater than 12 V. With the combination of the second power storage unit, it is easy to output a voltage greater than 12 V. Moreover, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit combined with the first power storage unit, the voltage at the time of discharge of the power storage device can be easily adapted to the capacity and required output of the permanent magnet motor generator. The maximum charging rate of the second power storage unit is set to be greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit. Therefore, when the current flowing through the second power storage unit during charging of the power storage device also flows to the first power storage unit connected in series with the second power storage unit, the charging rate of the second power storage unit relative to the full charge is likely to be high The charging rate of the first power storage unit. That is, for example, the second power storage unit is charged in a shorter period of time than the first power storage unit. Therefore, even when the power storage device is temporarily discharged and then discharged again in the middle of charging, the power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12 V. The state of charge of the second power storage unit changes in a shorter period of time than that of the first power storage unit. The current maintaining circuit generates a voltage drop so that the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit. In the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above, the current maintaining circuit maintains a state in which the charging current flows to the first power storage unit so that the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit. Therefore, for example, after the charging of the second power storage unit is completed, the state of charge to the first power storage unit may continue to be maintained.

In addition, in the straddle-type vehicle with the above structure, the permanent magnet motor generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12 V when the engine is started or assisted. Therefore, compared with the case of 12 V or less, the permanent magnet motor The generator can output a larger torque. In addition, the permanent magnet motor generator can drive the crankshaft to a higher rotational speed. Therefore, in a straddle-type vehicle having a permanent magnet generator provided at one end of the crankshaft, performance degradation can be suppressed.

The power storage device can output a voltage greater than 12 V through the combination of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit. Therefore, neither the first power storage unit nor the second power storage unit need to output a voltage greater than 12 V. Therefore, the configuration of driving the permanent magnet motor generator with a voltage greater than 12 V is comparable to the case where at least one of the first power storage unit or the second power storage unit corresponds to a voltage greater than 12 V as in Patent Document 1, for example. Compared with, the volume of the power storage device can be miniaturized.

In addition, in the two situations of discharging and charging the power storage device, the voltage between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator is greater than 12 V. Therefore, in the case of power transmission, the current flowing between the power storage device and the permanent magnet motor generator can be reduced. Therefore, the current loss can be reduced. Therefore, the wiring distance between the power storage device and the converter permanent magnet motor generator can be lengthened in accordance with the allowable range of a certain loss. As a result, the degree of freedom in the layout of the power storage device and the converter in the vehicle body is increased. Therefore, the arrangement position of the power storage device and the converter can be adjusted, so that the waste of space when the power storage device and the converter are arranged can be suppressed . Therefore, the vehicle body can be made small. In this way, according to the straddle-type vehicle with the above-mentioned structure, in the straddle-type vehicle having a permanent magnet generator provided at one end of the crankshaft, it is possible to suppress engine start or decrease in auxiliary performance and to make the vehicle body compact.

(2) The straddle-type vehicle according to (1), wherein the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit.

According to the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above, when the power storage device is charged, the second power storage unit can be easily charged in a shorter period of time than the first power storage unit. Therefore, the second power storage unit is charged in a charging period shorter than that of the first power storage unit that outputs a voltage of 12 V or more. Therefore, even after a short charging period, the second power storage unit can be effectively used.

(3) Straddle-type vehicles such as (1) or (2), in which While the converter is charging at least the first power storage unit, the voltage applied to the second power storage unit, that is, the second voltage, is lower than the first voltage applied to the first power storage unit.

According to the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above, the second voltage is lower than the first voltage. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the voltage of the power storage device without changing the type of electric auxiliary equipment that operates after receiving the voltage supply from the power storage device and the converter.

(4) The straddle-type vehicle as in any one of (1) to (3), wherein The straddle-type vehicle includes a capacitor connected in parallel with the first power storage unit as a battery.

The first power storage unit of the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above can suppress the decrease in the maximum rated voltage even when the charging capacity decreases due to deterioration, and therefore can charge the capacitor at the maximum rated voltage. Therefore, when the engine is started or assisted, the charge charged in the capacitor can also output power to the permanent magnet motor generator.

(5) The straddle-type vehicle as in any one of (1) to (4), wherein The permanent magnet type motor generator is provided with: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the above-mentioned permanent magnets; and A stator having a stator core with a plurality of slots formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet motor generator, and windings arranged through the slots; and The number of the magnetic pole portions is more than the number of the plurality of teeth.

According to the straddle-type vehicle constructed as described above, the angular velocity with respect to the rotational speed of the rotor is greater than that of the case where the number of magnetic poles is less than the number of teeth. The angular velocity is the angular velocity related to the electrical angle based on the repetition period of the magnetic pole. If the angular velocity is greater, the inductance of the winding is greater. In addition, the angular velocity further increases as the rotation speed of the rotor increases. The inductance of the winding will hinder the current flowing through the winding. Therefore, the induced electromotive force increases as the rotation speed of the rotor increases. With a larger winding inductance, an excessive increase in the current output from the generator can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the straddle-type vehicle configured as described above, the power storage device can be charged to a higher crankshaft rotation speed than when the number of magnetic poles is less than the number of teeth. Therefore, unnecessary power consumption can be suppressed.

(6) The straddle-type vehicle as in any one of (1) to (4), wherein The permanent magnet generator is provided with: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the above-mentioned permanent magnets, and connected to an end portion of a crankshaft without a reducer; A stator having a stator core with a plurality of slots formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet generator, and a stator winding arranged through the slots; A plurality of detected parts are provided on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction; and The rotor position detection device is installed at a position opposite to the plurality of detected parts, and has a detection winding provided separately from the stator winding.

(7) The straddle-type vehicle as in any one of (1) to (6), wherein The aforementioned engine further includes a crankcase configured to be lubricated with oil inside, and The permanent magnet motor generator is arranged at a position in contact with the oil.

According to the straddle-type vehicle with the above-mentioned structure, the power storage device can be charged without consuming excess power within the range of reaching a high crankshaft rotation speed. Therefore, in this type of permanent magnet motor generator, the temperature of the stator winding is not higher or difficult to be higher than the temperature of the oil. Therefore, even if the permanent magnet motor generator is arranged in contact with the oil, the oil evaporation can be suppressed. . For example, when a permanent magnet motor generator is placed in an environment where it is in contact with oil, it is usually required to increase the size of the cooling mechanism. However, according to the straddle-type vehicle with the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to suppress or avoid an increase in the size of the cooling mechanism. Therefore, the vehicle body can be made smaller.

(8) A straddle-type vehicle such as any one of (1) to (7), wherein The inverter is used to supply electric power from the first and second power storage units to the permanent magnet motor generator during the running of the straddle-type vehicle, so that the permanent magnet motor generator assists the rotation of the crankshaft .

According to the straddle-type vehicle constructed as described above, the permanent magnet motor generator can be driven with a voltage greater than 12 V during the driving of the straddle-type vehicle. Therefore, it is possible to drive the crankshaft to a higher rotational speed compared to, for example, the case of driving at 12 V. Therefore, compared with, for example, the case of driving at 12 V, the acceleration of the engine can be assisted to achieve a higher rotation speed. Furthermore, the vehicle body can be made smaller than a case where, for example, a power storage device different from a 12 V power storage device is installed.

The first power storage unit is, for example, a battery. The first power storage unit is, for example, a lead battery. However, the first power storage unit is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a lithium ion battery.

The second power storage unit is, for example, a capacitor. The second power storage unit is, for example, a lithium ion capacitor. However, the second power storage unit is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an electric double layer capacitor or an electrolytic capacitor. In addition, the second power storage unit may be, for example, a battery. The second power storage unit may be, for example, a lithium ion battery (for example, SCiB (registered trademark)) or a nickel-metal hydride battery using a carbon material for the negative electrode. Furthermore, the power storage device includes a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit, and a current maintaining circuit. The power storage device may include other power storage units. As another power storage unit, for example, a capacitor connected in parallel with the first power storage unit can be cited. The power storage device does not necessarily need to be unitized as a whole. In other words, the power storage units constituting the power storage device do not necessarily have to be physically integrated. The power storage units can also be arranged in different positions in the straddle-type vehicle in a state of being electrically connected to each other.

The so-called maximum charge rate refers to the maximum charge rate allowed by the power storage unit. The charging rate indicates the charging speed. The unit is C. In the case of constant current charging measurement, the current that makes the battery capacity fully charged in 1 hour is defined as 1 C. For example, when the capacity of the battery is 2 Ah, 1 C is 2 A.

The permanent magnet motor generator functions as a generator. In addition, the permanent magnet motor generator functions as a motor. The permanent magnet motor generator can function as the starting motor of the engine. The permanent magnet motor generator is not particularly limited. For example, it may not function as a starter motor, but has the function of assisting the driving of the engine when the straddle-type vehicle is accelerating. In addition, the permanent magnet motor generator may have two functions, for example, the function of assisting the driving of the engine and the function of starting the motor.

The permanent magnet motor generator, for example, receives power supply to drive the crankshaft of the engine. The permanent magnet motor generator is connected to the crankshaft without a clutch, for example. In this case, even if the clutch is in a power-off state, the permanent magnet motor generator can start the engine. In addition, even if the straddle-type vehicle is in a stopped state, the permanent magnet motor generator can generate electricity.

The connection structure of the permanent magnet motor generator is not particularly limited. For example, a clutch or a transmission device may be interposed between the crankshaft and the permanent magnet motor generator. In this case, the permanent magnet motor generator can accelerate the straddle-type vehicle regardless of the state of the engine. In addition, permanent magnet motor generators can use power from wheels to generate electricity regardless of the state of the engine. In this case, the straddle-type vehicle may also be equipped with a starter motor different from the permanent magnet motor generator.

The permanent magnet motor generator has permanent magnets. For example, a configuration in which the rotor includes a coil for a magnetic field instead of a permanent magnet is different from the permanent magnet motor generator in this configuration.

The so-called "electrical disconnection" refers to, for example, turning a part of the electric closed circuit including the object into an open state by the action of a switch or a relay. "Electrical cut-off" also includes the case where the self-conducting state of the transistor forming a closed circuit is changed to the non-conducting state. In contrast, the so-called "non-electrically cut off" refers to maintaining the closed-circuit state of the power including the object. The state of "non-electrically cut off" also includes the state in which current does not flow to the object. For example, when the object is a charged capacitor and a voltage equal to the voltage across the capacitor is applied to the capacitor, the current does not flow to the capacitor, but it is not electrically cut off.

The engine is, for example, a single-cylinder engine, a two-cylinder engine, a unequal-interval combustion type three-cylinder engine, or an unequal-interval combustion type four-cylinder engine. The engine is, for example, an engine with less than 3 cylinders. The two-cylinder engine can also be an unequal-interval combustion engine with 2 cylinders. As an unequal interval combustion engine having two cylinders, for example, a V-type engine can be cited. However, the engine is not particularly limited, and it may be an equal-interval combustion type multi-cylinder engine.

A straddle-type vehicle refers to a vehicle in which the rider rides on a saddle. A straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle with a saddle-type seat. A straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle in which the rider rides in a riding manner. An example of a straddle-type vehicle is a vehicle. The straddle-type vehicle is, for example, a vehicle that turns in an inclined posture, and is configured to lean toward the center of the curve when turning. The straddle-type vehicle is, for example, a locomotive. The locomotive is not particularly limited, and examples include scooter, light-duty with pedals, off-road type, and road-type locomotives. In addition, the straddle-type vehicle is not limited to a locomotive, and may be, for example, a tricycle. In addition, as a straddle-type vehicle, for example, an ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle) or the like may be used.

The professional terms used in this specification are used to define specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the invention. The term "and/or" used in this specification includes all or all combinations of one or more of the listed components. When used in this manual, the terms "including", "including", "comprising" or "having" and their variations use the specific features, steps, operations, and elements described The existence of, components and/or equivalents thereof may include one or more of the steps, actions, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. When used in this manual, the terms "installed", "combined with" and/or their equivalents are widely used. Unless otherwise specified, it includes direct and indirect installation and combination. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this specification have the same meanings as commonly understood by the industry to which the present invention belongs. The commonly used terms such as the terms defined in the dictionary should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related technology and the present disclosure. Unless clearly defined in this specification, they should not be idealized or excessively formalized. explain. It can be understood that in the description of the present invention, techniques and multiple steps are disclosed. Each has its own benefit, and each can be used in combination with more than one of the other disclosed technologies, or depending on the situation, and all of them. Therefore, in order to make the description clear, avoid unnecessary repetition of all possible combinations of the steps. Nevertheless, it should be understood that such combinations are all within the scope of the present invention and the patent application to interpret the specification and the scope of the patent application. In this manual, the new straddle-type vehicle will be described. In the following description, for the purpose of description, a number of specific details are described in order to provide a complete understanding of the present invention. However, the industry should understand that the present invention can be implemented without the specific details. The present disclosure should be considered as an illustration of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments shown in the following drawings or descriptions. [Effects of Invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a straddle-type vehicle capable of suppressing a decrease in engine starting performance and making the vehicle body small.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a straddle-type vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Part (a) of Figure 1 is a side view of a straddle-type vehicle. Part (b) of Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the schematic electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in part (a).

The straddle-type vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes wheels 3 a and 3 b, an engine 10, a permanent magnet motor generator 20, a power storage device 4, and a converter 21. In addition, the straddle-type vehicle 1 includes an electric auxiliary machine L. The power storage device 4 includes a first power storage unit 41, a second power storage unit 42, and a current maintaining circuit 43. That is, the straddle-type vehicle 1 includes wheels 3 a and 3 b, an engine 10, a permanent magnet motor generator 20, a first power storage unit 41, a second power storage unit 42, a current maintaining circuit 43, and a converter 21. In addition, the straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2. In FIG. 1, as an example of the straddle-type vehicle 1, a tilted vehicle is shown. The inclined vehicle is inclined to the left of the vehicle in a left turn, and is inclined to the right of the vehicle in a right turn.

The wheels 3a and 3b of the straddle-type vehicle 1 include a front wheel 3a and a rear wheel 3b. The rear wheel 3b is a driving wheel.

The engine 10 includes a crankshaft 15. The engine 10 outputs power via a crankshaft 15. The engine 10 outputs the torque used to drive the wheels 3b from the crankshaft 15. The wheels 3b receive the power of the crankshaft 15 to drive the straddle-type vehicle 1. The power output from the engine 10 can be transmitted to the wheels 3b via a transmission and a clutch, for example.

The electric auxiliary machine L is an electric device mounted on the straddle-type vehicle 1. The electric auxiliary machine L receives power supply and operates. The electric auxiliary machine L is, for example, an engine auxiliary machine that operates to cause the engine 10 to burn. The auxiliary engine for the engine includes, for example, a fuel injection device 18 and an ignition device 19 (see FIG. 6). The fuel injection device 18 injects fuel toward or inside the engine 10. The ignition device 19 ignites the fuel inside the engine 10.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is provided at one end of the crankshaft 15. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 has permanent magnets. In more detail, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 includes a permanent magnet portion 37 composed of permanent magnets. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 doubles as a starter for starting the engine 10. The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is a permanent magnet type starter generator. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 starts the engine 10 by rotating the crankshaft 15. In addition, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 generates electricity by being driven by the engine 10.

The power storage device 4 is a device capable of charging and discharging. The power storage device 4 stores electric power. The power storage device 4 outputs the charged electric power to the outside. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. Moreover, for example, after the engine 10 is started, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20.

The power storage device 4 includes a first power storage unit 41, a second power storage unit 42, and a current maintaining circuit 43. The first power storage unit 41 is a battery that stores electric power. The first power storage unit 41 has a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a battery with a nominal voltage of 12V. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery. The first power storage unit 41 has a maximum rated voltage of 14 V, for example. The first power storage unit 41 has a capacitor that can be charged with power to start the engine 10 at least once. The second power storage unit 42 is always connected in series with the first power storage unit 41. The second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41. For example, the second power storage unit 42 is a battery that stores electric power. The second power storage unit 42 has a capacitor that can be charged with power to start the engine 10 at least once. The so-called charging rate means charging speed. The unit is C[C]. The current required to fully charge the battery's capacitance in 1 hour is defined as 1 C. The so-called maximum charge rate refers to the maximum allowable charge rate. The combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not limited to this. As described above, the second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41.

As the first power storage unit 41, for example, a battery having a maximum charging rate of 1 C or less can be cited.

The type of the first power storage unit 41 is, for example, a lead battery or a lithium ion battery using a carbon material for the negative electrode.

As the second power storage unit 42, for example, a battery having a maximum charging rate of 20 C or more can be cited.

The type of the second power storage unit 42 is, for example, a nickel-hydrogen battery and a lithium-ion battery using lithium titanate as the negative electrode. As the type of the second power storage unit 42, for example, a capacitor can be cited. For example, electric double layer capacitors and lithium ion capacitors can be cited.

However, as the second power storage unit 42, a device having a maximum charging rate greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 may be used.

For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a battery with a maximum charging rate of 1 C, and the second power storage unit 42 is a battery with a maximum charging rate of 40 C. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery with a maximum charging rate of 1 C. For example, the first power storage unit 41 is a lead battery with a capacitance of 6 Ah and a maximum charging current of 6 A. In this case, the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 is 1C. The second power storage unit 42 is a nickel-metal hydride battery with a maximum charging rate of 10 C. For example, the second power storage unit 42 is a nickel-metal hydride battery with a capacitance of 1 Ah and a maximum charging current of 20 A. In this case, the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41 is 20C.

The current maintaining circuit 43 outputs a current from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 via the converter 21 when the engine 10 is started. In addition, the current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the second power storage unit 42 is not electrically cut off and the charging current flows to the first power storage unit 41 while the converter 21 is charging at least the first power storage unit 41. During the charging of the power storage device 4, the current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the charging current flows to the first power storage unit so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit 42部41. The “period during which the power storage device 4 is charged” referred to here refers to a period during which at least the first power storage unit 41 is charged. The current maintaining circuit 43 maintains a state in which the second power storage unit 42 is not electrically cut off, and the charging current flows to the first power storage unit. The upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit 42 is an upper limit that can be applied to the second power storage unit 42. The upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit 42 is less than the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42. As the second power storage unit 42, for example, a device having a maximum rated voltage smaller than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 is used. In this case, an upper limit voltage smaller than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 is used. For example, the first power storage unit 41 with a nominal voltage of 12 V and the second power storage unit 42 with an upper limit voltage of 6 V are used. However, the combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not limited to this. For example, when the first power storage unit 41 with a maximum rated voltage of 14 V is used, the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42 is less than 14 V. For example, the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit 42 is less than 14V. In addition, the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 may be a voltage other than 14V. The maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 may be 28 V or 7 V, for example. As the current maintaining circuit 43, for example, a circuit connected in parallel with the second power storage unit 42 and connected in series with the first power storage unit 41 can be cited. In this case, when the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 exceeds the upper limit voltage, the current maintaining circuit 43 causes the current flowing from the power storage device 4 to flow to the first power storage unit 41. For example, the current maintaining circuit 43 has a circuit that detects that the voltage of the second power storage unit 42 exceeds the upper limit voltage, and a circuit that causes the current flowing in the self-converter 21 to flow to the first power storage unit 41 based on the detection.

However, the current maintaining circuit 43 may be, for example, a low-voltage diode connected in series with a number corresponding to the upper limit voltage. In addition, the current maintaining circuit 43 may be connected in series with the second power storage unit 42.

The converter 21 supplies the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 to the power storage device 4 when the engine 10 is in a combustion operation, for example. In this case, the converter 21 rectifies the current generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20. In addition, the converter 21 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 to rotate the permanent magnet motor generator 20. The converter 21 controls the current by controlling the on/off of the current flowing to the stator winding W of the permanent magnet motor generator 20.

The converter 21 includes a switching unit 211 and a control device 60. The control device 60 is physically and integrally provided with the converter 21. The control device 60 controls the output voltage of the self-converter 21 by controlling the operation of the switching part 211 of the converter 21. The control device 60 controls the operation of the switching unit 211 of the converter 21 to control the current flowing between the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the power storage device 4. In addition, the control device 60 controls the operation of the permanent magnet motor generator 20. The control device 60 controls the voltage output from the inverter 21 by, for example, a phase control method or a vector control.

The control device 60 controls the converter 21 such that, for example, the voltage output from the converter 21 is smaller than the sum of the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the maximum rated voltage of the second power storage unit 42. The control device 60 controls the converter 21 such that, for example, the voltage output from the converter 21 outputs a voltage smaller than the sum of the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit 42.

For example, the control device 60 causes the converter 21 to supply current from the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 based on the signal from the starter switch 6. Thereby, the self-storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20, and the engine 10 is started. When the engine 10 is started, the power storage device 4 can drive the permanent magnet motor generator 20 with a voltage larger than the 12 V generally used previously. Therefore, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can output a larger torque than in the case of 12 V. Therefore, the performance degradation of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be suppressed.

After the engine 10 is started, that is, after the combustion operation starts, the control device 60 controls the converter 21 so that the current from the permanent magnet motor generator 20 flows to the power storage device 4. Thereby, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20. In addition, after the engine 10 is started, the control device 60 can cause the converter 21 to supply the electric power of the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor according to the operation of the acceleration instruction part 8 (refer to FIG. 5) after the start of the combustion operation. Motor 20. In more detail, the control device 60 supplies electric power from the power storage device 4 to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 during the running of the straddle-type vehicle 1 so that the permanent magnet motor generator 20 assists the rotation of the crankshaft 15. Thereby, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 is used to assist the acceleration of the straddle-type vehicle 1 with the engine 10.

The control device 60 also has the function of an engine control unit that controls fuel supply and combustion to the engine 10. The control device 60 controls the combustion of the engine 10 by controlling the operation of the electric auxiliary machine L functioning as an auxiliary machine for the engine. The control device 60 includes a central processing device and a memory (not shown). The control device 60 controls the combustion of the engine 10 by executing a program stored in the memory. The control device 60 is operated by the electric power of the power storage device 4. In more detail, the control device 60 operates by stepping down the converted operating voltage in a manner suitable for the control device 60 from the voltage of the power storage device 4. The step-down converter is provided in the converter 21, for example. For example, when the power storage device 4 has a battery and a capacitor, the control device 60 can also operate from the operating voltage after the battery voltage is stepped down.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the structure of the current sustaining circuit shown in FIG. 1. FIG. In FIG. 2, in order to easily understand the function of the current maintaining circuit, the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 are also shown. In FIG. 2, a capacitor is shown as an example of the second power storage unit 42. The current sustaining circuit 43a as the example shown in FIG. 2 includes a voltage drop generating unit 431. The voltage drop generating unit 431 and the second power storage unit 42 are electrically connected in parallel. Since the voltage drop generating unit 431 is not connected in series with the second power storage unit 42, it does not block the current path of the second power storage unit 42. The voltage drop generator 431 is not a switch. The voltage drop generating unit 431 generates a voltage drop so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42 does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit 42. In more detail, the amount of voltage drop generated by the voltage drop generating unit 431 is substantially equal to the voltage applied to the second power storage unit 42. Therefore, the voltage drop generating unit 431 generates a voltage drop that does not exceed the upper limit voltage. That is, the voltage drop generating unit 431 electrically connected in parallel to the second power storage unit 42 generates a voltage drop that does not exceed the upper limit voltage without blocking the current path of the second power storage unit 42.

In more detail, as the voltage applied to the second power storage unit increases and approaches the upper limit voltage, the voltage drop generating unit 431 decreases the internal resistance. In this way, the amount of voltage drop is controlled so that it does not exceed the upper limit voltage.

In more detail, the current maintaining circuit 43 a includes a voltage drop generation unit 431, a voltage drop control unit 432, a feedback unit 433, and a reference voltage generation unit 434. The reference voltage generating unit 434 generates a reference voltage related to the upper limit voltage. The voltage drop control unit 432 controls the amount of voltage drop in the voltage drop generation unit 431 based on the reference voltage and the voltage applied to the second power storage unit. The feedback unit 433 reflects the output voltage of the voltage drop control unit 432 to the input. The voltage drop generator 431 analogously controls the amount of voltage drop based on the voltage applied to the second power storage unit.

Furthermore, the structure of the current sustaining circuit 43 shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to the current sustaining circuit 43a shown in FIG. Although a bipolar transistor is shown as the voltage drop generating unit 431, the voltage drop generating unit 431 may also be a current control element such as a field effect transistor (FET). In addition, although an amplifier is shown as the voltage drop control unit 432, the voltage drop control unit 432 may be, for example, a digital control circuit.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the outline of the voltage change of the first power storage unit 41 and the voltage of the second power storage unit 42 shown in FIG. 1 during charging.

A combination of a battery with a nominal voltage of 12 V as an example of the first power storage unit 41 and a battery with a nominal voltage of 6 V as an example of the second power storage unit 42 is shown. The voltage before charging of the first power storage unit 41 becomes 11 V due to discharge. The voltage before charging of the second power storage unit 42 becomes 5.5 V due to discharge. The second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate that is greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41.

If the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series are charged at 18 V, the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42 increase as the charging time elapses. Since the second power storage unit 42 has a maximum charging rate greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit 41, the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42 is compared with the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41, Rise faster. That is, the second power storage unit 42 is charged more quickly than the first power storage unit 41. The voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is the sum of the first voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 42. The voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is, for example, larger than the voltage VT' of the power storage device when there is no second power storage unit and the scale of the first power storage unit 41 is simply set to 1.5 times. For example, the time t1 from the start of charging until the voltage VT of the power storage device 4 reaches about 95% of the charging voltage, that is, 17.5 V is, for example, compared with the case where there is no second power storage unit and the scale of the first power storage unit 41 is 1.5 times that The time t2 until the voltage VT' of the power storage device reaches 17.5 V at that time is short.

In this way, with the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series, the voltage VT of the power storage device 4 is larger than the voltage VT′ when the scale of the first power storage unit 41 is simply enlarged, for example. As shown in the example of FIG. 3, the second power storage unit 42 is charged in a shorter period of time than the first power storage unit 41. Therefore, the power storage device 4 can output a lower output within a short period of time after starting charging from the state where the power storage device 4 is discharged. Large voltage VT. For example, when the engine 10 is started at time t1, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can also be driven by 17 V, which is larger than the 12 V generally used previously.

Referring to Figure 3, the combination of 12 V and 6 V is described. However, in the straddle-type vehicle 1 of the present embodiment, by adjusting the type and configuration of the second power storage unit 42 and the upper limit voltage setting value of the current maintaining circuit 43, the voltage when the power storage device 4 is discharged can be easily adjusted. That is, a voltage higher than the voltage of the first power storage unit 41 can be easily set as the output voltage of the power storage device 4. For example, when a battery with a nominal voltage of 12 V is used as the first power storage unit 41, it is easy to adjust the output voltage of the power storage device 4 to a required voltage greater than 12 V within a short charging time after the power storage device 4 is discharged. . When the power storage device 4 can output a relatively large voltage, the wiring distance between the power storage device 4-the converter 21-the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be allowed to be extended for a certain loss tolerance. As a result, the degree of freedom in the layout of the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 in the vehicle body is improved.

FIG. 4(A) is a side view showing a first modification example of the arrangement of the power storage device 4 in the straddle-type vehicle 1. FIG. 4(B) is a side view showing a second modification example of the arrangement of the power storage device 4 in the straddle-type vehicle 1.

In the first modification shown in FIG. 4(A), the power storage device 4 is arranged at the rear end of the vehicle body 2. In the second modification shown in FIG. 4(B), the power storage device 4 is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body 2. Since the wiring distance between the power storage device 4-the converter 21-the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be allowed to be lengthened, as shown in Figure 4 (A) or Figure 4 (B), the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 are The degree of freedom of layout in the car body is improved. Therefore, the arrangement positions of the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 can be adjusted, so that the waste of space when the power storage device 4 and the converter 21 are arranged can be suppressed. Therefore, the vehicle body 2 can be made small.

In this way, according to the straddle-type vehicle 1, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the engine starting performance and to make the vehicle body small.

[First Application Example] Next, an application example of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a straddle-type vehicle 1 and an electric system as an application example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Part (a) of FIG. 5 is a top view of the straddle-type vehicle 1. Part (b) of FIG. 5 is a side view of the straddle-type vehicle 1. Part (c) of FIG. 5 is a physical wiring diagram schematically showing the connection of the electrical system of the straddle-type vehicle 1. In the application examples shown after FIG. 5 and FIG. 5, elements corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 for description.

The straddle-type vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 5 includes a vehicle body 2. The vehicle body 2 is provided with a seat portion 2a for riders to ride on. The rider rides by straddling the seat portion 2a. In FIG. 5, as an example of the straddle-type vehicle 1, a locomotive is shown.

The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes front wheels 3a and rear wheels 3b. The tire surfaces of the wheels 3a and 3b of the straddle-type vehicle 1 have an arc-shaped cross-sectional shape when they are not in contact with the road surface.

The engine 10 constitutes an engine unit EU. That is, the straddle-type vehicle 1 includes an engine unit EU. The engine unit EU includes an engine 10 and a permanent magnet motor generator 20. The engine 10 outputs power via a crankshaft 15. The engine 10 outputs the torque used to drive the wheels 3b from the crankshaft 15. The wheels 3b receive the power of the crankshaft 15 to make the straddle-type vehicle 1 travel. The engine 10 has a displacement of 100 mL or more, for example. The engine 10 has a displacement of less than 400 mL, for example. In addition, the straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a transmission CVT and a clutch CL. The power output from the engine 10 is transmitted to the wheels 3b via the transmission CVT and the clutch CL.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is driven by the engine 10 to generate electricity. The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 5 is a magnet type starter generator. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 has a rotor 30 and a stator 40 (refer to FIG. 6). The rotor 30 includes a permanent magnet portion 37 composed of permanent magnets. The rotor 30 is rotated by the power output from the crankshaft 15. The stator 40 is arranged to face the rotor 30.

The storage device 4 is a device capable of charging and discharging. The power storage device 4 outputs the charged electric power to the outside. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the electric auxiliary machine L. The power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. In addition, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20.

The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a converter 21. The converter 21 includes a plurality of switching units 211 that control the current flowing between the permanent magnet motor generator 20 and the power storage device 4.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 rotates the crankshaft 15 by the electric power of the power storage device 4. Thereby, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 starts the engine 10.

The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a main switch 5. The main switch 5 is a switch for supplying electric power to the electric auxiliary machine L (refer to FIG. 5(c)) included in the straddle-type vehicle 1 according to an operation. The electric auxiliary machine L comprehensively represents a device that operates while consuming power, except for the permanent magnet motor generator 20. The electric auxiliary machine L includes, for example, a headlamp 9, a fuel injection device 18, and an ignition device 19 (see FIG. 6). The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a starter switch 6. The starter switch 6 is a switch for starting the engine 10 according to the operation. The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes a main relay 75. The main relay 75 opens and closes the circuit including the electric auxiliary machine L according to the signal from the main switch 5. The straddle-type vehicle 1 includes an acceleration instruction unit 8. The acceleration instruction part 8 is an operator for instructing the acceleration of the straddle-type vehicle 1 according to the operation. In detail, the acceleration indicator 8 is an accelerator grip.

The power storage device 4 has, for example, a first power storage unit 41 that operates at 12 V, and a second power storage unit 42 connected in series with the battery. The first power storage unit 41 is, for example, a lead battery. The capacitor is, for example, an Electric Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC). In addition, the power storage device 4 has a current maintenance circuit 43, and the current maintenance circuit 43 supplies the current input to the power storage device 4 to the battery instead of the capacitor when the voltage of the capacitor exceeds 6 V. The power storage device 4 is charged at 18 V and outputs 18 V. However, the charging voltage and the output voltage also fluctuate according to the charging state of the power storage device 4 and the rotation speed of the crankshaft 15. The voltage in the range of 18 V is called the 18 V system voltage.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 5, the power storage device 4 supplies electric power to the permanent magnet motor generator 20 when the engine 10 is started. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be driven with a system voltage of 18 V. Therefore, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can output a larger torque than in the case of 12 V, for example.

As shown in part (c) of FIG. 5, the permanent magnet motor generator 20, the power storage device 4, the main relay 75, the converter 21, and the electric auxiliary machine L are electrically connected by wiring J. In order to easily observe the symbols, the symbol (J) of the wiring is marked on a part of the wiring shown in part (c) of Fig. 5. The wiring J includes lead wires, for example. The wiring J sometimes includes a plurality of leads joined together. In addition, the wiring J may also include a connector of a relay lead, a fuse, and a connection terminal. Illustrations of connectors, fuses and connecting terminals are omitted. In addition, in the physical wiring diagram of part (c) of FIG. 5, the connection of the positive electrode area is shown. The negative electrode area, that is, the ground area is electrically connected via the vehicle body 2. In more detail, the negative electrode region is electrically connected via a metal frame (not shown) of the vehicle body 2. The electrical connection distance of each device through the vehicle body 2 is usually the same as or shorter than the connection of the positive electrode area by a lead or the like. Therefore, in part (c) of FIG. 5, the illustration of the connection of the negative electrode area by the vehicle body 2 is omitted, and the wiring in the positive electrode area is mainly described. The wiring J shown in FIG. 5 is combined with other wiring provided in the vehicle to form a wiring harness not shown. In part (c) of FIG. 5, only the wiring J that electrically connects the device shown in the figure is shown. In part (c) of FIG. 5, the connection relationship of the wiring J between the devices and the distance of the wiring J are schematically shown.

[Engine Unit] Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of the engine unit EU shown in Fig. 5.

The engine unit EU includes an engine 10. The engine 10 includes a crankcase 11, a cylinder 12, a piston 13, a connecting rod 14, and a crankshaft 15. The piston 13 is arranged to be able to move back and forth in the cylinder 12. The crankshaft 15 is arranged to be rotatable in the crankcase 11. The crankshaft 15 is connected to the piston 13 via a connecting rod 14. A cylinder head 16 is mounted on the upper part of the cylinder 12. The cylinder 12, the cylinder head 16, and the piston 13 form a combustion chamber. The crankshaft 15 is supported by the crankcase 11 in a freely rotatable manner. A permanent magnet type motor generator 20 is attached to one end 15a of the crankshaft 15. A transmission CVT is mounted on the other end 15b of the crankshaft 15. The transmission CVT can change the ratio of the output rotation speed to the input rotation speed, that is, the gear ratio. The transmission CVT can change the gear ratio corresponding to the rotation speed of the crankshaft 15 and the rotation speed of the wheels.

The engine unit EU is equipped with a fuel injection device 18. The fuel injection device 18 supplies fuel to the combustion chamber by injecting fuel. The fuel injection device 18 injects fuel to the air flowing through the intake passage Ip. The mixed gas of air and fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber of the engine 10. In addition, an ignition device 19 is provided in the engine unit EU. The ignition device 19 has a spark plug 19a and an ignition voltage generating circuit 19b. The spark plug 19a is provided in the engine 10. The spark plug 19a is electrically connected to the ignition voltage generating circuit 19b. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are an example of the electric auxiliary machine L shown in FIG. 1. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are examples of engine auxiliary equipment. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 operate at a system voltage of 18 V.

The engine 10 is an internal combustion engine. The engine 10 receives fuel supply. The engine 10 outputs power through a combustion action of combusting the mixed gas. That is, the piston 13 moves back and forth by the combustion of the mixed gas including the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber. The crankshaft 15 rotates in conjunction with the reciprocating movement of the piston 13. The power is output to the outside of the engine 10 via the crankshaft 15. The fuel injection device 18 adjusts the power output from the engine 10 by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied. The fuel injection device 18 is controlled by the control device 60. The fuel injection device 18 is controlled in such a manner that the amount of fuel supplied is based on the amount of air supplied to the engine 10. The ignition device 19 ignites the gas after fuel and air are mixed. The fuel injection device 18 and the ignition device 19 are auxiliary engines for engines that perform operations such that the engine 10 is combusted. The engine 10 outputs power via a crankshaft 15. The power of the crankshaft 15 is transmitted to the wheels 3b via the transmission CVT and the clutch CL (refer to part (b) of FIG. 5).

The crankcase 11 is configured to be lubricated with lubricating oil (oil, part (b) of FIG. 5) inside. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is arranged at a position in contact with lubricating oil (oil).

The engine 10 has a high load area where the load for rotating the crankshaft 15 is large and a low load area where the load for rotating the crankshaft 15 is smaller than the load in the high load area during the 4-stroke period. The so-called high-load region refers to a region where the load torque in one combustion cycle of the engine 10 is higher than the average value of the load torque in one combustion cycle. In addition, the so-called low load region refers to a region where the load torque in one combustion cycle of the engine 10 is lower than the average value of the load torque in one combustion cycle. Based on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft 15, the low-load area is larger than the high-load area. In more detail, the engine 10 rotates forward while repeating the four strokes of the intake stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke, and exhaust stroke. The compression stroke has an overlap with the high load area. Engine 10 is a single-cylinder engine.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 6. The permanent magnet type motor generator 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 has a rotor 30 and a stator 40. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 of this application example is a radial gap type. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is of an outer rotor type. That is, the rotor 30 is an outer rotor. The stator 40 is an inner stator. The rotor 30 has a rotor body portion 31. The rotor main body portion 31 includes, for example, a ferromagnetic material. The rotor body portion 31 has a bottomed cylindrical shape. The rotor body portion 31 has a cylindrical boss portion 32, a disc-shaped bottom wall portion 33, and a cylindrical back yoke portion 34. The bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 are integrally formed. Furthermore, the bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 may also be constructed separately. The bottom wall portion 33 and the back yoke portion 34 are fixed to the crankshaft 15 via the cylindrical boss portion 32. The rotor 30 is not provided with windings for supplying current.

The rotor 30 has a permanent magnet part 37. The rotor 30 has a plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a. The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37 a are formed by permanent magnet portions 37. A plurality of magnetic pole portions 37 a are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 34. In this application example, the permanent magnet part 37 has a plurality of permanent magnets. That is, the rotor 30 has a plurality of permanent magnets. The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are provided in each of the plurality of permanent magnets. Furthermore, the permanent magnet part 37 may be formed of one ring-shaped permanent magnet. In this case, one permanent magnet is magnetized so that a plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are arranged along the inner peripheral surface.

The plurality of magnetic pole portions 37a are arranged such that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet motor generator 20. In this application example, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 30 facing the stator 40 is 24. The number of magnetic poles of the rotor 30 refers to the number of magnetic poles facing the stator 40. No magnetic body is provided between the magnetic pole portion 37 a and the stator 40. The magnetic pole portion 37 a is disposed on the radially outer side of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 than the stator 40. The back yoke portion 34 is disposed on the outer side of the magnetic pole portion 37a in the radial direction. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 has a larger number of magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of teeth 45. Furthermore, the rotor 30 may also be an embedded magnet type (IPM (interior permanent magnet) type) in which the magnetic pole portion 37a is embedded in a magnetic material, but it is preferably a self-magnetic material for the magnetic pole portion 37a as in this application example. The exposed surface magnet type (SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet, surface permanent magnet) type).

The stator 40 has a stator core ST and a plurality of stator windings W. The stator core ST has a plurality of teeth (teeth) 45 provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of teeth 45 integrally extend from the stator core ST toward the radially outer side. In this application example, a total of 18 teeth 45 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. In other words, the stator core ST has a total of 18 slots SL formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The teeth 45 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The rotor 30 has more magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of teeth 45. The number of magnetic poles is 4/3 of the number of slots.

A stator winding W is wound around each tooth 45. That is, the stator windings W of the plural phases are arranged so as to pass through the slots SL. FIG. 7 shows the state where the stator winding W is located in the slot SL.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 is a three-phase generator. Each stator winding W belongs to any one of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase. The stator winding W is arranged in the order of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, for example.

When the engine 10 is operating while the straddle-type vehicle 1 is running, the power storage device 4 is charged by the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20. When the power storage device 4 is fully charged, the electric power generated by the permanent magnet motor generator 20 is not used for charging, but is consumed in the form of heat due to, for example, a short circuit of a winding. In addition, when the rotation speed of the crankshaft 15 increases to the extent that the voltage output from the converter 21 to the power storage device 4 cannot be controlled to the rated value, the converter 21 uses the stator of the permanent magnet motor generator 20 The switching unit 211 is controlled in such a way that the winding W is short-circuited. The upper limit rotation speed of the crankshaft 15 capable of charging the power storage device 4 can be set to a relatively high value. When the generator generates power, the current flowing through the stator winding W will be affected by the impedance generated by the stator winding W itself. Impedance is an element that hinders the current flowing through the stator winding W. Impedance includes the product of rotation speed ω and inductance. Here, the rotation speed ω actually corresponds to the number of magnetic poles passing through the vicinity of the tooth in a unit time. That is, the rotation speed ω is proportional to the ratio of the number of magnetic poles to the number of teeth in the generator, and the rotation speed of the rotor.

The permanent magnet motor generator 20 shown in FIG. 7 has a larger number of magnetic pole portions 37 a than the number of teeth 45. That is, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 has a larger number of magnetic pole portions 37a than the number of slots SL. Therefore, the stator winding W has a larger impedance. Therefore, the voltage applied to the power storage device 4 is reduced compared to, for example, a case where the number of magnetic pole parts is less than the number of teeth parts. Therefore, the upper limit rotation speed of the crankshaft 15 can be set to a higher value compared with, for example, 12 V. Therefore, in order to increase the starting torque in the permanent magnet motor generator 20, a thick winding with a smaller resistance can be used.

In addition, in the permanent magnet motor generator 20, the temperature of the stator winding W is not higher or difficult to be higher than the temperature of the lubricating oil. Therefore, even if the permanent magnet motor generator 20 is arranged in contact with the lubricating oil, it can be suppressed The lubricating oil evaporates. Therefore, it is possible to suppress or avoid the enlargement of the cooling mechanism of the lubricating oil.

The rotor 30 is provided with a plurality of detected parts 38, and the plurality of detected parts 38 are provided on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of detected parts 38 are provided in order to detect the rotation position of the rotor 30. The rotation position of the rotor 30 and the crankshaft 15 can be precisely detected by the detected part 38. The detected portion 38 is provided on the outer surface of the rotor 30. The plurality of detected parts 38 are detected by magnetic action. A plurality of detected parts 38 are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 30 at intervals in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, a plurality of detected parts 38 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 30 at intervals in the circumferential direction.

The rotor position detection device 50 detects the position of the rotor 30. The rotor position detecting device 50 is installed at a position facing the plurality of detected parts 38. That is, the rotor position detecting device 50 is arranged at a position where the plurality of detected parts 38 and the rotor position detecting device 50 sequentially face each other. The rotor position detecting device 50 is opposed to a path through which the detected portion 38 passes along with the rotation of the rotor 30. The rotor position detecting device 50 is arranged at a position separated from the stator 40. In this embodiment, the rotor position detecting device 50 is arranged such that the back yoke portion 34 and the permanent magnet portion 37 of the rotor 30 are located between the rotor position detecting device 50 and the stator 40 and the stator winding W in the radial direction of the crankshaft 15. The rotor position detecting device 50 is arranged on the outer side of the rotor 30 in the radial direction of the starter motor SG, and faces the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 30.

The rotor position detection device 50 has a winding for detection. The detection winding 51 is a winding provided separately from the stator winding W of the stator 40. The stator winding W is supplied with a current that drives the rotor 30 of the starter motor SG by electromagnetic force, while the detection winding 51 is not supplied with a current that drives the rotor 30 of the starter motor SG. The rotor position detecting device 50 electromagnetically detects the detected portion 38, and therefore, for example, compared with Hall IC (Integrated Circuit), the degree of freedom of arrangement is higher. The engine unit EU can be miniaturized.

[Second Application Example] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the outline of the voltage change during charging of the second application example of the second power storage unit 42 having different types. In the second application example shown in FIG. 8, a capacitor is assumed as the second power storage unit 42. In addition, the first power storage unit 41 is the same battery as the example shown in FIG. 3.

A capacitor is an element that uses electrostatic force to accumulate charges such as ions, not based on a chemical reaction. Therefore, the voltage of the capacitor is roughly proportional to the amount of charge. For example, as the capacitor discharges, the voltage of the capacitor decreases. The capacitance of a capacitor generally has a smaller capacitance than a battery with the same volume. In addition, since the capacitor does not accumulate charge based on a chemical reaction, it has a maximum charging current that is larger than that of a battery with the same capacity. Therefore, the maximum charging rate of the capacitor is higher than that of the battery. FIG. 8 shows the outline of the voltage change when charging is started from a state (time 0) where the amount of charge in the second power storage unit 42 as a capacitor is substantially 0% due to discharge. At time 0, the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 whose charge amount is approximately 0% is approximately 0 V. Since the second power storage unit 42 has a large maximum charging rate, the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 rises rapidly. The second power storage unit 42 is charged more quickly than the first power storage unit 41. When the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 reaches the upper limit voltage, the second voltage V2b is controlled to the upper limit voltage by the current maintaining circuit 43. In the example of Figure 8, it is maintained at about 6 V. The second power storage unit 42 is charged more quickly before the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42 reaches the upper limit voltage than after the second voltage V2b reaches the upper limit voltage. Fast charging is the charging speed, that is, the charging capacity per unit time is larger. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second power storage unit 42 is charged during the period before the time t3 and is charged at a higher charging rate than the period after the time t3. On the other hand, the first power storage unit 41 is charged at a lower charging speed in the period before time t3 than after time t3. The first power storage unit 41 is charged at a relatively high charging speed by the current from the current maintaining circuit 43 in the period after the time t3.

The voltage VTb of the power storage device 4 is the sum of the first voltage V1b of the first power storage unit 41 and the second voltage V2b of the second power storage unit 42. The time t3 from the start of charging until the voltage VTb of the power storage device 4 reaches, for example, about 95% of the charging voltage, that is, 17.5V. The time t4 until the voltage VTb' of the power storage device 4 reaches 17.5 V is short.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a modified example of the power storage device 4 shown in Fig. 1.

The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(A) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and a battery as the second power storage unit 42. The power storage device 4 is provided with a current maintaining circuit 43. The maximum charge rate of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is greater than twice the maximum charge rate of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. The maximum rated voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is lower than the nominal voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. The nominal voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41 is, for example, 12V. The nominal voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is, for example, 6V. The upper limit voltage of the battery as the second power storage unit 42 is, for example, 6V. However, the specific voltage combination of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a combination of 8 V and 6 V, such as a combination of 10 V and 8 V, or a combination of 11 V and 8 V. Combination, or a combination of 12 V and 2.5 V.

The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(B) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and a capacitor as the second power storage unit 42. The power storage device 4 is provided with a current maintaining circuit 43. The maximum voltage applied to one capacitor as the second power storage unit 42 is the upper limit voltage set for the current maintaining circuit 43. The upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43 is set according to the withstand voltage of the capacitor and the maximum rated voltage of the power storage device 4. The upper limit voltage set for the current maintaining circuit 43 is, for example, 6V. However, the upper limit voltage is not particularly limited. Depending on the withstand voltage of the capacitor and the storage device 4, it may be 2.5 V, 8 V, or 10 V.

The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(C) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and two capacitors as the second power storage unit 42. Thereby, as the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43, a voltage larger than the withstand voltage of one capacitor can be set. In addition, the second power storage unit 42 can input and output a voltage larger than the withstand voltage of one capacitor.

The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(D) includes a battery as the first power storage unit 41 and three capacitors as the second power storage unit 42. As a result, as the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43, a voltage greater than twice the withstand voltage of one capacitor can be set. In addition, the second power storage unit 42 can input and output a voltage greater than twice the withstand voltage of one capacitor.

The power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(E) further includes a parallel capacitor unit 44 compared to the example shown in FIG. 9(B). The parallel capacitor unit 44 is connected in parallel with the first power storage unit 41. The parallel capacitor section 44 includes one capacitor. This configuration is suitable for a case where the withstand voltage of one capacitor is greater than that of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. Capacitors can generally supply power in a shorter period of time than batteries that discharge the same power. The internal resistance of the capacitor is generally smaller than the internal resistance of the battery. In addition, the capacitor accumulates electric power (charge) that is substantially proportional to the voltage. Capacitors can generally discharge electricity proportional to voltage. Therefore, after the electric power of the first power storage unit 41 and the parallel capacitor unit 44 is consumed due to engine start, for example, voltage can be supplied from the first power storage unit 41 to the parallel capacitor unit 44. That is, the parallel capacitor unit 44 can be charged with the electric power of the first power storage unit 41. Even in a situation where the first power storage unit 41 cannot separately supply the power required for starting at the next engine start, there is a high possibility that the shunt capacitor unit 44 can supply the power required for starting.

In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(F), a parallel capacitor portion 44 is added to the example shown in FIG. 9(C). As in the example shown in FIG. 9(F), the number of capacitors included in the first power storage unit 41 and the number of capacitors included in the parallel capacitor unit 44 may be different. The number of capacitors of the first power storage unit 41 and the number of capacitors of the parallel capacitor unit 44 can be selected according to the upper limit voltage of the current maintaining circuit 43 and the maximum rated voltage of the battery as the first power storage unit 41. In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(F), the parallel capacitor portion 44 includes four capacitors.

In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(G), a parallel capacitor portion 44 is added to the example shown in FIG. 9(D). In the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 9(G), the parallel capacitor portion 44 includes three capacitors.

The number of batteries and the number of capacitors are not limited to those shown in (A) to (G) of FIG. 9. For example, in the power storage device 4 of the example shown in FIG. 7(G), the parallel capacitor portion 44 may include six capacitors. The maximum rated voltages of the capacitors constituting the first power storage unit 41 and the capacitors constituting the parallel capacitor unit 44 are easily balanced. Furthermore, in the power storage device 4, the first power storage unit 41 may include, for example, a group of two capacitors connected in parallel to each other. The group of capacitors includes, for example, three capacitors connected in series. In this case, the capacitance of the first power storage unit 41 increases. In addition, for example, the parallel capacitor portion 44 may further include six capacitors. The type of the capacitor included in the parallel capacitor section 44 is the same as that of the capacitor included in the second power storage section 42. For example, capacitors whose maximum rated voltage and electrostatic capacitance are substantially equal are the same kind of capacitors. For example, capacitors with the same nominal value of voltage and electrostatic capacitance are the same kind of capacitors. However, the types of the capacitors included in the parallel capacitor section 44 and the capacitors included in the second power storage section 42 may be different from each other.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing changes in the electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in Fig. 1. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the electric auxiliary machine L does not receive power supply from the second power storage unit 42 but receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41. Thereby, the electric power stored in the first power storage unit 41 can be more concentratedly supplied to drive the permanent magnet motor generator 20. For example, when the engine 10 is started, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 can be driven for a longer period of time. In addition, as the electric auxiliary machine L or a part of it, a device having a rated voltage smaller than the maximum total voltage of the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 may be provided.

Furthermore, the main relay 75a in the example shown in FIG. 10 is a dual circuit type corresponding to both the 18 V system voltage and the 12 V system voltage. However, the relay is not particularly limited, and for example, it may be two independent relays. In addition, not only the electric auxiliary machine L, but also a part of the circuit of the control device 60 may be configured to receive electric power supply from the first power storage unit 41 instead of the second power storage unit 42 similarly to the electric auxiliary machine L.

In addition, the straddle-type vehicle may be equipped with a starter motor different from the permanent magnet motor generator 20. That is, the straddle-type vehicle may also include a permanent magnet motor generator 20 and a starter motor. In this case, the starter motor is electrically set at the position of the electric auxiliary machine L in the example of FIG. 10. In this case, the starter motor receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41 via a switch linked to the starter switch 6. In this case, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 assists the engine start by the starter motor. That is, at least a part of the period during which the starter motor receives the power supply to drive the crankshaft 15 overlaps with at least a part of the period during which the permanent magnet motor generator 20 receives the power supply and drives the crankshaft 15. That is, the starter motor receives, for example, a 12 V voltage supply from the first power storage unit 41. The permanent magnet motor generator 20 receives power supply from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series. That is, the permanent magnet motor generator 20 receives a voltage supply of more than 12 V, for example.

However, the power supply path of the starter motor in the change of the straddle-type vehicle is not limited to the configuration described above. For example, the starter motor may receive power supply from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series, similarly to the permanent magnet motor generator 20. In addition, for example, by further having a switching unit for the power supply path, for example, when the voltage of the first power storage unit 41 is greater than the reference, the starter motor may receive power supply from the first power storage unit 41, and the first power storage unit 41 When the voltage of the power storage unit 41 is lower than the reference, power is supplied from the first power storage unit 41 and the second power storage unit 42 connected in series.

1: Straddle-type vehicle 2: car body 2a: Seat 3a, 3b: wheels 4: Power storage device 5: Main switch 6: Starter switch 8: Acceleration indicator 9: headlight 10: Engine 11: crankcase 12: cylinder 13: Piston 14: connecting rod 15: crankshaft 15a: one end 15b: the other end 16: cylinder head 18: Fuel injection device 19: Ignition device 19a: Spark plug 19b: Ignition voltage generates electricity 20: Permanent magnet motor generator 21: Converter 30: Rotor 31: Rotor body 32: Cylindrical boss 33: bottom wall 34: Back yoke 37: Permanent magnet part 37a: Magnetic pole part 38: Department to be detected 40: stator 41: The first power storage unit 42: The second power storage unit 43: Current maintenance circuit 43a: Current maintenance circuit 44: Parallel capacitor section 45: Teeth 50: Rotor position detection device 51: winding for detection 60: control device 75: main relay 75a: main relay 211: Switching Department 431: Voltage drop generating part 432: Voltage drop control unit 433: Feedback Department 434: Reference voltage generator CL: Clutch CVT: Variable speed machine EU: Engine Unit Ip: intake passage L: Electric auxiliary machine SL: Slot ST: stator core t1: time t2: time t3: moment t4: time VT: Voltage VT': Voltage VTb: Voltage VTb': Voltage V1: The first voltage of the first power storage unit V1b: The first voltage of the first power storage unit V2: The second voltage of the second power storage unit V2b: The second voltage of the second power storage unit W: stator winding

1(a) and (b) are diagrams schematically showing a straddle-type vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the structure of the current sustaining circuit shown in FIG. 1. FIG. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the outline of the voltage change of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit shown in Fig. 1 during charging. Fig. 4(A) is a side view showing a first modification example of the arrangement of the power storage device in the straddle-type vehicle. (B) is a side view showing a second modification example of the arrangement of the power storage device in the straddle-type vehicle. Figs. 5(a) to (c) are diagrams schematically showing straddle-type vehicles and electrical systems as an application example of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of the engine unit shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet motor generator shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an overview of voltage changes during charging of the second application example of the second power storage unit having different types. Figs. 9(A) to (G) are diagrams showing modified examples of the power storage device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing changes in the electrical configuration of the straddle-type vehicle shown in Fig. 1.

1: Straddle-type vehicle

2: car body

3a, 3b: wheels

4: Power storage device

5: Main switch

6: Starter switch

10: Engine

15: crankshaft

20: Permanent magnet motor generator

21: Converter

37: Permanent magnet part

41: The first power storage unit

42: The second power storage unit

43: Current maintenance circuit

60: control device

75: main relay

211: Switching Department

L: Electric auxiliary machine

W: stator winding

Claims (8)

A straddle-type vehicle, which has: wheel; An engine, which has a crankshaft, and outputs the torque generated by the combustion action to drive the wheels from the crankshaft; A permanent magnet motor generator, which is arranged at one end of the crankshaft, has a permanent magnet, starts or assists the engine by rotating the crankshaft, and generates electricity by being driven by the engine; The first power storage unit is a battery that has a maximum rated voltage of 12 V or more and stores power; A second power storage unit, which is always connected in series with the first power storage unit for the permanent magnet motor generator and has a maximum charging rate greater than twice the maximum charging rate of the first power storage unit; The converter is electrically connected to the second power storage unit and the permanent magnet motor generator which are always connected in series with the first power storage unit, and is provided with a device for controlling the current output from the permanent magnet motor generator A plurality of switching parts; and A current maintaining circuit that outputs current from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit connected in series to the permanent magnet motor generator via the converter when the engine is started or assisted. While the permanent magnet motor generator provided at one end of the crankshaft via a reducer generates electricity while the converter is at least charging the first power storage unit, it maintains a state in which the second power storage unit is not electrically charged. Cut off, generate a voltage drop so that the voltage applied to the second power storage unit does not exceed the upper limit voltage set for the second power storage unit, and cause a charging current to flow to the first power storage unit. Such as the straddle seat type vehicle of claim 1, wherein the upper limit voltage of the second power storage unit is lower than the maximum rated voltage of the first power storage unit. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of claim 1 or 2, where While the converter is charging at least the first power storage unit, the voltage applied to the second power storage unit, that is, the second voltage, is lower than the first voltage applied to the first power storage unit. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 3, where The straddle-type vehicle includes a capacitor connected in parallel with the first power storage unit as a battery. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 4, where The permanent magnet type motor generator is provided with: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the above-mentioned permanent magnets; and A stator having a stator core with a plurality of slots formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet motor generator, and windings arranged through the slots; and The number of the magnetic pole portions is more than the number of the plurality of teeth. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 4, where The permanent magnet generator is provided with: a rotor having a plurality of magnetic pole portions composed of the above-mentioned permanent magnets, and connected to an end portion of a crankshaft without a reducer; A stator having a stator core with a plurality of slots formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet generator, and a stator winding arranged through the slots; A plurality of detected parts are provided on the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction; and The rotor position detection device is installed at a position opposite to the plurality of detected parts, and has a detection winding provided separately from the stator winding. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 6, in which The aforementioned engine further includes a crankcase configured to be lubricated with oil inside, and The permanent magnet motor generator is arranged at a position in contact with the oil. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 7, in which When the straddle-type vehicle is running, the converter supplies electric power from the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to the permanent magnet motor generator so that the permanent magnet motor generator assists the crankshaft Spin.

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