TWI763459B - Switch device and signal adjusting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A signal adjusting method includes: generating a first transmitted signal by a transmitting end; receiving the first transmitted signal passing through a channel by a receiving end, and generating a feedback signal to the transmitting end according to the degree that the receiving end compensates the first transmitted signal; and generating a second transmitted signal according to the feedback signal by the transmitting end, wherein the second transmitted signal is passed through the channel and is transmitted to the receiving end. The present disclosure also provides a switch device configured to execute the signal adjusting method.

Description

Switching device and signal adjustment method thereof

The present disclosure relates to a switching device and a signal adjustment method thereof, and more particularly, to a switching device and a signal adjustment method capable of improving the signal quality of the transmitter.

In existing switch products, high-speed signal quality between integrated circuits has always been a concern. In order to reduce insertion loss (insertion loss), return loss (return loss) and inter-symbol interference (inter symbol interference), most of the transmitter and receiver in the switch have programs that can adjust or compensate for signals. For example, the transmitter can adjust the signal according to the change trend of the packet error rate received by the receiver in the manner defined in Clause 72 of IEEE 802.3. However, if the packet error rate does not change significantly or the maximum information exchange time (500ms) defined in IEEE 802.3 Clause 72 is short, the transmitter does not adjust the signal well, which in turn affects the receiver's adjustment procedure. Therefore, a new signal adjustment method is needed in the field to improve the signal quality of the transmitter.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides a signal adjustment method. The signal adjustment method is applicable to a switching device, comprising: generating a first transmit signal by a transmitter; receiving the first transmit signal through a channel by a receiver, and receiving the first transmit signal according to the receiver The compensation level of the signal generates a feedback signal to the transmitting end; and the transmitting end generates a second transmitting signal according to the feedback signal, wherein the second transmitting signal is transmitted to the receiving end through the channel.

Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a switching device. The switching device includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitting end is used for generating a first transmitting signal. The receiving end is used for receiving the first transmitting signal through a channel, and generating a feedback signal to the transmitting end according to the compensation level of the receiving end for the first transmitting signal. Wherein, the transmitting end generates a second transmitting signal according to the feedback signal, and the second transmitting signal is transmitted to the receiving end through the channel.

To sum up, the switching device of the present disclosure can feed back the adjustment of the transmitting signal by the receiving end (or the attenuation degree of the test pattern obtained by the receiving end) to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end can adjust the channel signal in a limited time. The attenuation characteristic adjusts the relevant parameters or coefficients to generate a more suitable transmitted signal to the receiving end, thereby improving the quality of the transmitted signal.

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the specific embodiments described are only used to explain the present case, and are not used to limit the present case, and the description of the structure and operation is not used to limit the order of its execution. The recombined structures, resulting in devices with equal efficacy, are all within the scope of the present disclosure.

The terms used throughout the specification and the scope of the patent application, unless otherwise specified, generally have the ordinary meaning of each term used in the field, in the content disclosed herein and in the specific content.

As used herein, "coupled" or "connected" may refer to two or more elements in direct physical or electrical contact with each other, or in indirect physical or electrical contact with each other, or two or more elements Elements interact or act on each other.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a switching device 100 includes a transmitter 110 and a receiver 120 . In some embodiments, the switching device 100 may be a switch. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

Structurally, a channel 130 is coupled between the transmitter 110 and the receiver 120 to transmit a transmit signal TS generated by the transmitter 110 to the receiver 120 . The transmit signal TS will be attenuated when passing through the channel 130 . The receiving end 120 is coupled to the transmitting end 110 to generate a feedback signal FS to the transmitting end 110 according to the compensation made by the receiving end 120 for the attenuation of the transmission signal TS. The transmitter 110 receives the feedback signal FS to generate another transmission signal according to the feedback signal FS (which will be described later).

In some embodiments, the transmit signal TS may be attenuated in the channel 130 due to insertion loss, return loss and inter symbol interference. In order to reduce the above loss or interference, the transmitting end 110 may adjust the transmission signal TS in advance (eg, adjust the frequency components of the transmission signal TS) before generating the transmission signal TS. Besides, the receiving end 120 can also perform receiving compensation adjustment on the transmitting signal TS after receiving the transmitting signal TS passing through the channel 130 . In other words, the transmitting end 110 and the receiving end 120 adjust (or adaptively compensate) the transmit signal TS at both ends to compensate for the attenuation caused by the above loss or interference.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which depicts a signal adjustment method 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The switching device 100 shown in FIG. 1 can execute the signal adjustment method 200 to perform related operations. In some embodiments, the signal adjustment method 200 includes operations S201-S203.

In operation S201 , the switching device 100 generates a first transmission signal (eg, the transmission signal TS[N] shown in FIG. 3 described later) through the transmitting end 110 . Next, the first transmit signal output by the transmitting end 110 will pass through the channel 130 shown in FIG. 1 . In operation S202, the switching device 100 receives the first transmit signal through the channel 130 through the receiving end 120, and generates a feedback signal FS.

Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the receiving end 120 includes a controller 121, a receiver 122, a Continuous Time Linear Equalizer (CTLE) 123, an amplifier (Variable Gain Amplifier, VGA) 125 and a Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) 127. Structurally, the continuous-time linear equalizer 123 is coupled to the channel 130 , and the input end of the amplifier 125 is coupled to the continuous-time linear equalizer 123 . The decision feedback equalizer 127 is coupled between the input terminal and the output terminal of the amplifier 125 . The receiver 122 is coupled to the output terminal of the amplifier 125 . The controller 121 is coupled to the continuous time linear equalizer 123 and the decision feedback equalizer 127 .

In the embodiment of FIG. 3 , the feedback signal FS is based on the output value of the continuous-time linear equalizer 123 (eg, the compensation value EQ described later) and the output value of the decision feedback equalizer 127 (eg, the compensation value Tap_2 described later) generated. Specifically, after the receiving end 120 receives the transmission signal TS[N] of the current stage, the receiving end 120 uses the continuous time linear equalizer 123 and the decision feedback equalizer 127 to adjust the transmission signal TS[N] according to the attenuation degree of the transmission signal TS[N]. Transmit signal TS[N] for compensation.

In some embodiments, the continuous time linear equalizer 123 adjusts (eg, amplifies) the transmit signal TS[N] according to the compensation value EQ, and then transmits the adjusted signal to the amplifier 125 . In addition, the continuous time linear equalizer 123 transmits the compensation value EQ to the controller 121 .

In some embodiments, the decision feedback equalizer 127 adjusts (eg, amplifies) the signal output by the amplifier 125 according to the compensation value Tap_2, and transmits the adjusted signal to the path between the amplifier 125 and the continuous-time linear equalizer 123 . In addition, the decision feedback equalizer 127 will transmit the compensation value Tap_2 to the controller 121 . It should be understood that the decision feedback equalizer 127 may be provided with compensation values of multiple taps according to different requirements or designs. Unlimited.

In some embodiments, the signals received by the amplifier 125 include: the adjusted signal output by the continuous time linear equalizer 123 ; and the adjusted signal output by the decision feedback equalizer 127 . The amplifier 125 adjusts the received signal according to a specific (adjustable) gain and outputs it to the receiver 122 .

In some embodiments, the receiver 122 includes a plurality of processing circuits (eg, digital circuits) for processing the received signals (eg, converting analog signals into digital signals, etc.) and transmitting them to the subsequent circuit (not shown in the figure). Show).

In some embodiments, the controller 121 receives the compensation value EQ and the compensation value Tap_2, so as to obtain the adaptive compensation made by the continuous-time linear equalizer 123 and the decision feedback equalizer 127 for the attenuation characteristic of the channel 130, the controller 121 Then, the feedback signal FS is generated according to the compensation value EQ and the compensation value Tap_2 , and the feedback signal FS will be transmitted (eg, transmitted by the transmitter of the receiving end 120 ) to the transmitting end 110 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , in operation S203 , the switching device 100 generates a second transmission signal (eg, the transmission signal TS[N+1] shown in FIG. 4 ) through the transmitting end 110 according to the feedback signal FS.

Referring to FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the transmitter 110 includes a controller 111 and an operation unit 113 . Structurally, the controller 111 is coupled to the computing unit 113 . The controller 111 receives (for example, received by the receiver of the transmitter 110 ) the feedback signal FS transmitted by the controller 121 of the receiver 120 in FIG. Adapt to compensation. Next, the controller 111 determines an adjustment strategy for resisting the attenuation characteristic of the channel 130 according to the feedback signal FS. In this way, the computing unit 113 can adjust the transmit signal TS[N] according to the feedback signal FS to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the information carried by the feedback signal FS includes specific content or parameters (eg, Table 72-4) defined in the protocol of clause 72 of IEEE 802.3, and the content or parameters are used to perform the processing on the transmission signal of the transmitting end 110 . adjustment (described later).

In the embodiment of FIG. 4 , the adjustment of the transmission signal TS[N] by the transmitting end 110 follows the protocol of Clause 72 of IEEE 802.3. As shown in FIG. 4 , the controller 111 adjusts a first coefficient c(-1), a second coefficient c(0), and a third coefficient defined in IEEE 802.3 clause 72 according to the feedback signal FS carried in the feedback signal FS c(1) to adjust a plurality of voltages v ₁ , v ₂ , v ₃ measured in the signal output from the transmitter (for example, the transmit signal TS[N], TS[N+1]), where the voltage v ₁ corresponds to the high frequency component in the signal, voltage v ₂ corresponds to the intermediate frequency component in the signal, and voltage v ₃ corresponds to the low frequency component in the signal. In other words, the frequency components in the signal output by the transmitting end 110 can be adjusted according to the information of the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1).

Based on the above description, the operation unit 113 in the transmitting end 110 can control the frequency of the transmission signal TS[N] according to the specific first coefficient c(-1), second coefficient c(0) and third coefficient c(1) component, and according to the information carried in the feedback signal FS for adjusting the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1), the operation unit 113 can generate the next-level transmission The signal TS[N+1] (the transmitter of the transmitting end 110 can transmit the transmitting signal TS[N+1] to the receiving end 120 ). For example, in some embodiments, if the first coefficient c(-1)/second coefficient c(0)/third coefficient c(1) originally used by the operation unit 113 correspond to the gears of 5/18/12, respectively . And the information carried by the feedback signal FS is “lower the third coefficient c(1) by one gear (such as “[1:0]” described later)”, then the operation unit 113 generates the next-level transmit signal TS[N+ 1] The first coefficient c(-1)/the second coefficient c(0)/the third coefficient c(1) will be adjusted by the controller 111 to correspond to the gears of 5/18/11, but the present disclosure Not limited to this.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the operation unit 113 includes a delay unit D1 , a delay unit D2 , a multiplier M1 , a multiplier M2 , a multiplier M3 , an adder A1 and an adder A2 .

In some embodiments, the delay unit D1 delays the transmission signal TS[N] to generate a delayed signal DS1. The delay unit D2 delays the delay signal DS1 to generate a delay signal DS2. The multiplier M1 multiplies the transmit signal TS[N] and the first coefficient c(-1) to generate an operation signal OS1. The multiplier M2 multiplies the delay signal DS1 and the second coefficient c(0) to generate an operation signal OS2. The multiplier M3 multiplies the delay signal DS2 and the third coefficient c(1) to generate an operation signal OS3. The adder A2 adds the operation signal OS2 and the operation signal OS3 to generate an operation signal OS4. The second adder A1 adds the operation signal OS1 and the operation signal OS4 to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

For example, the controller 111 of the transmitter 110 can use a comparison table (for example, a compensation value defined in a protocol conforming to IEEE 802.3 Clause 72) that is pre-stored in the memory (not shown) of the switching device 100 to compare Table) The first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are determined according to the information of the compensation value EQ and the compensation value Tap_2 carried in the feedback signal FS. Please refer to Table 1, which describes a comparison table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Table 1, the compensation value EQ may be greater than a first threshold (ie, EQ>7), smaller than a second threshold (ie, EQ<3) or between the first threshold and the second threshold (ie, 3≦EQ≦7). The compensation value Tap_2 may be greater than a third threshold (ie, Tap_2>0), smaller than a fourth threshold (ie, Tap_2<-6), or between the third threshold and the fourth threshold (ie, -6≦Tap_2≦ 0). Each of the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0), and the third coefficient c(1) may be "[0:0]" (meaning hold), "[0:0]" 1]" (for increment) or "[1:0]" (for decrement).

Note that the larger the compensation value EQ, the larger the insertion loss in channel 130. The smaller the compensation value Tap_2 is, the more serious the intersymbol interference in the channel 130 is. Table I EQ>7 EQ<3 Tap_2＞0 Tap_2 < -6 c(-1) c(0) c(1) 1 0 0 0 [0:0] [0:1] [0:0] 1 0 1 0 [0:1] [0:0] [0:0] 1 0 0 1 [0:0] [0:0] [0:1] 0 1 0 0 [0:0] [1:0] [0:0] 0 1 1 0 [0:0] [0:0] [1:0] 0 1 0 1 [1:0] [0:0] [0:0] 0 0 0 0 [0:0] [0:0] [0:0] 0 0 1 0 [0:1] [0:0] [0:0] 0 0 0 1 [0:0] [0:0] [0:1]

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold (ie, EQ>7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold (ie, -6≦Tap_2≦0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[0:1]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[0:1]" and "[0:0]" respectively When , the arithmetic unit 113 of the transmitting end 110 increases the magnitudes of the voltages v ₁ , v ₂ and v ₃ simultaneously in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the operation unit 113 strengthens the high frequency, intermediate frequency and low frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N], so as to Generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold (ie, EQ>7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is greater than the third threshold (ie, Tap_2>0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:1]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:1]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltages v ₁ and v ₂ and decreases the magnitude of the voltage v ₃ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is greater than the third threshold, the operation unit 113 strengthens the high frequency and intermediate frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and weakens the low frequency in the transmission signal TS[N] component to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold (ie, EQ>7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is smaller than the fourth threshold (ie, Tap_2<-6). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:1]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:1]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltages v ₂ and v ₃ and decreases the magnitude of the voltage v ₁ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is greater than the first threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is smaller than the fourth threshold, the operation unit 113 strengthens the intermediate frequency and low frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and attenuates the high frequency in the transmission signal TS[N] component to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is smaller than the second threshold (ie, EQ<3), and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold (ie, -6≦Tap_2≦0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[1:0]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[1:0]" and "[0:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 reduces the magnitudes of the voltages v ₁ , v ₂ and v ₃ simultaneously in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is smaller than the second threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the operation unit 113 attenuates the high frequency, middle frequency and low frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N], so as to Generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is smaller than the second threshold (ie, EQ<3), and the compensation value Tap_2 is greater than the third threshold (ie, Tap_2>0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[1:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[1:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltage v ₁ and decreases the magnitude of the voltages v ₂ and v ₃ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is smaller than the second threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is larger than the third threshold, the operation unit 113 strengthens the high frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and attenuates the intermediate frequency and low frequency in the transmission signal TS[N] component to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is less than the second threshold (ie, EQ<3), and the compensation value Tap_2 is less than the fourth threshold (ie, Tap_2<-6). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[1:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[1:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltage _v3 and decreases the magnitude _of the voltages v1 and v2 in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause ₇₂ . In other words, when the compensation value EQ is smaller than the second threshold and the compensation value Tap_2 is smaller than the fourth threshold, the operation unit 113 strengthens the low frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and attenuates the high frequency and intermediate frequency in the transmission signal TS[N] component to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold and the second threshold (ie, 3≦EQ≦7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold (ie, −6 ≦Tap_2≦0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 does not adjust (or maintain) the magnitudes of the voltages v ₁ , v ₂ and v ₃ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold and the second threshold, and the compensation value Tap_2 is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the operation unit 113 does not adjust the transmission signal TS[N] of the current stage The high-frequency, intermediate-frequency and low-frequency components are generated to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold and the second threshold (ie, 3≦EQ≦7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is greater than the third threshold (ie, Tap_2>0). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:1]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:1]", "[0:0]" and "[0:0]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltages v ₁ and v ₂ and decreases the magnitude of the voltage v ₃ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the compensation value Tap_2 is greater than the third threshold value, the operation unit 113 strengthens the high frequency and intermediate frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and weakens the transmission signal The low-frequency components in TS[N] are used to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

In some embodiments, the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold and the second threshold (ie, 3≦EQ≦7), and the compensation value Tap_2 is smaller than the fourth threshold (ie, Tap_2<−6). The controller 121 determines the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) to be "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:1]". When the first coefficient c(-1), the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1) are "[0:0]", "[0:0]" and "[0:1]" respectively , the arithmetic unit 113 increases the magnitude of the voltages v ₂ and v ₃ and decreases the magnitude of the voltage v ₁ in accordance with IEEE 802.3 clause 72. In other words, when the compensation value EQ is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the compensation value Tap_2 is smaller than the fourth threshold value, the operation unit 113 strengthens the intermediate frequency and low frequency components in the transmission signal TS[N] and weakens the transmission signal TS The high-frequency components in [N] are used to generate the next-level transmit signal TS[N+1].

As shown in FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, by performing operations S201 to S203 again by the switching device 100 , the transmitting end 110 can perform adaptive compensation according to the attenuation characteristics of the channel 130 made by the receiving end 120 (for example: receiving The terminal 120 receives the secondary transmission signal TS[N+1], and adjusts the transmission signal TS[N+1] according to the attenuation of the secondary transmission signal TS[N+1] to generate the secondary transmission signal TS[N+1]. The transmitting signal (not shown in the figure) is sent to the receiving end 120 .

Please refer to FIG. 5, which illustrates a schematic diagram of a transmission signal according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. In other embodiments, the transmit signal generated by the transmit end 110 may have a test pattern TP. The test pattern TP has a predetermined amplitude A and a predetermined frequency f. The preset frequency f is half of the data transmission amount of the switching device 100 . For example, if the data transmission rate of the switching device 100 is 10 Gb per second, the default frequency f is 5 GHz.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the test pattern TP will be attenuated (mainly due to insertion loss) when passing through the channel 130 as shown in Fig. 1, thus forming an attenuated test pattern TP', wherein the attenuation The test pattern TP' has an amplitude A' smaller than the preset amplitude A. As shown in Figure 5, a plurality of loss levels (eg, Level 0~Level 7 shown in Figure 5) can be defined according to the different degrees of decline of the preset amplitude A, where the preset amplitude A corresponds to Level 0.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the receiving end 120 receives the attenuated test pattern TP', and generates a level (Level) corresponding to the decrease degree of the preset amplitude A as the feedback signal FS according to the magnitude of the amplitude A'. In other words, the feedback signal FS may include information of the loss level corresponding to the decrease degree of the predetermined amplitude A. As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmitting end 110 selects one of the preset parameter combinations in the complex group according to the level corresponding to the drop degree of the preset amplitude A to generate the second transmitting signal.

For example, in some embodiments, the transmitting end 110 may store the aforementioned preset parameter combinations, and the preset parameter combinations correspond to a plurality of levels of the predetermined amplitude A drop. If the first coefficient c(- 1), the combination of the second coefficient c(0) and the third coefficient c(1), the relationship between the level and the preset parameter combination can be expressed as: Level 0: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=0/10/0; Level 1: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=0/12/0; Level 2: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=2/14/0; Level 3: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=4/16/0; Level 4: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=6/17/0; Level 5: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=8/18/0; Level 6: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=10/20/0; and Level 7: c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=14/20/0.

As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the feedback signal FS transmitted by the receiving end 120 may carry information of a level (eg, Level 3) corresponding to the degree of decrease of the predetermined amplitude A. Accordingly, after the transmitter 110 receives the feedback signal FS, the transmitter 110 can select c(-1)/c(0)/c(1)=4/16/0 corresponding to the third level (Level 3). The preset parameters are combined and set to generate the second transmit signal.

In conclusion, the switching device 100 of the present disclosure can feed back the adjustment of the transmit signal TS[N] by the receive end 120 (or the attenuation level of the test pattern TP obtained by the receive end 120 ) to the transmit end 110 , so that the transmit end The 110 can adjust the relevant parameters or coefficients according to the attenuation characteristic of the channel 130 in a limited time, so as to generate a more suitable transmission signal to the receiving end 120, thereby improving the quality of the transmitted signal.

Although the present disclosure has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The scope of protection of the disclosed contents shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

100: Swap 110: Transmitter 111, 121: Controller 113: Operation unit 120: Receiver 123: Continuous Time Linear Equalizer 125: Amplifier 127: Decision Feedback Equalizer 130: Channel 200: Signal adjustment method TS: transmit signal FS: feedback signal EQ: Compensation value Tap_2: Compensation value c(-1), c(0), c(1): coefficients D1: Delay unit DS1: Delay signal D2: Delay unit DS2: Delay signal M1: Multiplier M2: Multiplier M3: Multiplier A1: Adder A2: Adder OS1: Operation signal OS2: Operation signal OS3: Operation signal OS4: operation signal TP,TP': test pattern f: preset frequency A: Preset amplitude A': Amplitude level 0~level 7: loss level S201, S202, S203: Operation

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a signal adjustment method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a receiving end in a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter in a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test sample before and after attenuation according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

200: Signal adjustment method

S201~S203: Operation

Claims (10)

A signal adjustment method, applicable to a switching device, includes: generating a first transmit signal by a transmit end; receiving the first transmit signal through a channel by a receive end, and generating a feedback signal to the transmit end according to the compensation level of the receive end for the first transmit signal; and A second transmitting signal is generated by the transmitting end according to the feedback signal, wherein the second transmitting signal is transmitted to the receiving end through the channel. The signal adjustment method of claim 1, wherein the feedback signal includes a first compensation value and a second compensation value, and the transmitter adjusts the first transmission signal according to the first compensation value and the second compensation value, to generate the second transmit signal, Wherein, the receiving end includes a continuous time linear equalizer and a decision feedback equalizer, the continuous time linear equalizer is used for adjusting the first transmit signal according to the first compensation value, and the decision feedback equalizer is used for adjusting the first transmission signal according to the first compensation value. The second compensation value adjusts the first transmit signal adjusted by the continuous time linear equalizer. The signal adjustment method according to claim 2, wherein if the first compensation value is greater than a first threshold, the transmitting end enhances an intermediate frequency component in the first transmitting signal to generate the second transmitting signal, If the first compensation value is smaller than a second threshold, the transmitter attenuates the intermediate frequency component in the first transmission signal to generate the second transmission signal, wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, If the second compensation value is greater than a third threshold, the transmitter enhances a high frequency component in the first transmit signal and attenuates a low frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, If the second compensation value is less than a fourth threshold, the transmitter enhances the low frequency component in the first transmit signal and attenuates the high frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, wherein The third threshold is greater than the fourth threshold. The signal adjustment method of claim 3, wherein if the first compensation value is greater than the first threshold, and the second compensation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the transmitter enhances the first compensation the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component and the low frequency component in a transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, If the first compensation value is less than the second threshold, and the second compensation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the transmitter attenuates the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component in the first transmission signal frequency component and the low frequency component to generate the second transmission signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is between the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value, the transmitting end maintains the first transmission signal of the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component and the low frequency component to generate the second transmit signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is greater than the third threshold value, the transmitting end enhances the high frequency component and the medium frequency component in the first transmission signal frequency component, and attenuate the low frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is smaller than the fourth threshold value, the transmitting end enhances the intermediate frequency component and the low frequency component in the first transmission signal component, and attenuate the high frequency component in the first transmission signal to generate the second transmission signal. The signal adjustment method of claim 1, wherein the first transmission signal has a predetermined amplitude and a predetermined frequency, and the predetermined frequency is half of the data transmission volume of the switching device; After the first transmit signal passes through the channel to decrease the predetermined amplitude, the receiving end outputs one of a plurality of loss levels as the feedback signal according to the degree of decrease of the predetermined amplitude, and the transmitting end One of the loss levels is selected from a plurality of preset parameter combinations to generate the second transmit signal. An exchange device, comprising: a transmitter for generating a first transmit signal; and a receiving end, used for receiving the first transmission signal passing through a channel, and generating a feedback signal to the transmitting end according to the compensation degree of the first transmission signal by the receiving end; Wherein, the transmitting end generates a second transmitting signal according to the feedback signal, and the second transmitting signal is transmitted to the receiving end through the channel. The switching device of claim 6, wherein the receiving end comprises: a continuous time linear equalizer for adjusting the first transmit signal according to a first compensation value; an amplifier, coupled to the continuous-time linear equalizer; a decision feedback equalizer, coupled between the input end and the output end of the amplifier, and used for adjusting the first transmit signal adjusted by the continuous time linear equalizer according to a second compensation value; and a first controller, coupled to the continuous-time linear equalizer and the decision feedback equalizer, and used for outputting the feedback signal according to the first compensation value and the second compensation value, The transmitter includes: a second controller for obtaining a first coefficient, a second coefficient and a third coefficient according to the feedback signal; and an arithmetic unit for adjusting the frequency components of the first transmission signal according to the first coefficient, the second coefficient and the third coefficient to generate the second transmission signal. The switching device of claim 7, wherein if the first compensation value is greater than a first threshold, the transmitting end enhances an intermediate frequency component in the first transmitting signal to generate the second transmitting signal, If the first compensation value is smaller than a second threshold, the transmitter attenuates the intermediate frequency component in the first transmission signal to generate the second transmission signal, wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, If the second compensation value is greater than a third threshold, the transmitter enhances a high frequency component in the first transmit signal and attenuates a low frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, If the second compensation value is less than a fourth threshold, the transmitter enhances the low frequency component in the first transmit signal and attenuates the high frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, wherein The third threshold is greater than the fourth threshold. The switching device of claim 8, wherein if the first compensation value is greater than the first threshold and the second compensation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the transmitting end enhances the first the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component and the low frequency component in the transmission signal to generate the second transmission signal, If the first compensation value is less than the second threshold, and the second compensation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the transmitter attenuates the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component in the first transmission signal frequency component and the low frequency component to generate the second transmission signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is between the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value, the transmitting end maintains the first transmission signal of the intermediate frequency component, the high frequency component and the low frequency component to generate the second transmit signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is greater than the third threshold value, the transmitting end enhances the high frequency component and the medium frequency component in the first transmission signal frequency component, and attenuate the low frequency component in the first transmit signal to generate the second transmit signal, If the first compensation value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the second compensation value is smaller than the fourth threshold value, the transmitting end enhances the intermediate frequency component and the low frequency component in the first transmission signal component, and attenuate the high frequency component in the first transmission signal to generate the second transmission signal. The switching device of claim 6, wherein the first transmit signal has a predetermined amplitude and a predetermined frequency, and the predetermined frequency is half of the data transmission volume of the switching device; After the first transmit signal passes through the channel to decrease the predetermined amplitude, the receiving end outputs one of a plurality of loss levels as the feedback signal according to the degree of decrease of the predetermined amplitude, and the transmitting end One of the loss levels is selected from a plurality of preset parameter combinations to generate the second transmit signal.

Images