TWI760988B - Metal recovery system and metal recovery method using the same - Google Patents
Metal recovery system and metal recovery method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI760988B TWI760988B TW109145941A TW109145941A TWI760988B TW I760988 B TWI760988 B TW I760988B TW 109145941 A TW109145941 A TW 109145941A TW 109145941 A TW109145941 A TW 109145941A TW I760988 B TWI760988 B TW I760988B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種金屬回收系統及利用其之金屬回收方法,更具體而言,係用於處理包覆有膠體的金屬的一種金屬回收系統以及利用其之金屬回收方法。The present invention relates to a metal recovery system and a metal recovery method using the same, more specifically, a metal recovery system for treating colloid-coated metals and a metal recovery method using the same.
隨著經濟發展,台灣的金屬消費量與日俱增,但因金屬礦產資源的匱乏,台灣的金屬來源多仰賴進口,而且金屬冶煉過程會產生廢氣、廢水、廢渣汙染而對生態環境造成壓力。因此為穩定金屬礦產等原生物料來源以確保經濟發展以及減少金屬冶煉過程中產生之廢棄物以落實環境保護,加強由廢金屬回收再生金屬有其不容忽視的重要性。With economic development, Taiwan's metal consumption is increasing day by day. However, due to the lack of metal mineral resources, Taiwan's metal sources are mostly imported, and the metal smelting process will produce waste gas, waste water, and waste residue pollution, which will put pressure on the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to stabilize the source of raw materials such as metal minerals to ensure economic development and reduce the waste generated in the metal smelting process to implement environmental protection, it is of great importance to strengthen the recycling of recycled metals from scrap metals.
根據環保數統計,2008年全台回收了147萬台一般廢家電以及278萬件廢資訊物品。一般廢家電包括電視機、 洗衣機、電冰箱、冷暖氣機與電風扇,而廢資訊物品包括筆記型電腦、主機板、監視器、印表機、手機、鍵盤等。這些廢家電以及廢資訊物品中包括了許多可回收利用的金屬,例如銅、鉛、鋁、鐵等。According to the statistics of environmental protection statistics, in 2008, 1.47 million general waste household appliances and 2.78 million waste information items were recycled in Taiwan. General waste household appliances include televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners and electric fans, while waste information items include notebook computers, motherboards, monitors, printers, mobile phones, keyboards, etc. These waste household appliances and waste information items include many recyclable metals, such as copper, lead, aluminum, iron, etc.
國內廢棄冷氣中的銅管被瀝青膠包覆。瀝青膠具有高黏度特性,因此無法輕易將銅管與瀝青膠分離,進而造成了銅管回收上的困難。Copper pipes in domestic waste air-conditioning are covered with asphalt glue. Asphalt glue has high viscosity characteristics, so copper pipes cannot be easily separated from asphalt glue, which makes copper pipe recycling difficult.
目前工業界回收其上包覆有瀝青膠的銅管的作法是以人工方式進行刮除。採取人工刮除的方式除了費工耗時以外,還無法將銅管上的瀝青膠完整去除,具有高回收成本且回收之銅金屬品質不佳等問題,因此仍有很大的改善空間。The current practice in the industry to recycle the copper pipes covered with asphalt glue is to scrape them off manually. The manual scraping method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also cannot completely remove the asphalt glue on the copper pipe, which has problems such as high recovery cost and poor quality of the recovered copper metal, so there is still a lot of room for improvement.
本發明的一目的在於使膠體與金屬分離並分別回收。本發明提供一種金屬回收系統,其包括浸泡室、破碎單元以及分選單元,其中浸泡室具有第一進料口以及置於其內部空間中的冷卻劑,破碎單元具有第三進料口以及第二出料口,且分選單元相應於第二出料口設置。包覆有膠體的金屬被置於與移動單元連接的進料槽中以在浸泡室以及破碎單元之間移動並進出浸泡室的冷卻劑以使上述膠體硬化或玻璃化。An object of the present invention is to separate and recover colloids and metals separately. The invention provides a metal recovery system, which includes a soaking chamber, a crushing unit and a sorting unit, wherein the soaking chamber has a first feeding port and a coolant placed in its inner space, and the crushing unit has a third feeding port and a second feeding port Two discharge ports, and the sorting unit is arranged corresponding to the second discharge port. The colloid-coated metal is placed in a feed trough connected to a moving unit to move between the soaking chamber and the crushing unit and into and out of the soaking chamber's coolant to harden or vitrify the colloid.
在一實施例中,金屬回收系統進一步包括集料槽。集料槽具有第二進料口以及與第三進料口相連的第一出料口,進料槽透過移動單元在浸泡室的第一開口以及集料槽的第二進料口之間移動。In one embodiment, the metal recovery system further includes a sump. The collecting trough has a second feeding port and a first discharging port connected with the third feeding port, and the feeding trough moves between the first opening of the soaking chamber and the second feeding port of the collecting trough through the moving unit .
在一實施例中,移動單元可包括:中空旋轉平台;與中空旋轉平台以及進料槽連接的轉動裝置;設置於中空旋轉平台的空心處的移動單元本體;設置於移動單元本體上的升降裝置;連接中空旋轉平台以及升降裝置的連接件;以及與中空旋轉平台、升降裝置以及轉動裝置連接以控制中空旋轉平台、升降裝置以及轉動裝置的移動控制模組。In one embodiment, the mobile unit may include: a hollow rotating platform; a rotating device connected with the hollow rotating platform and the feeding chute; a mobile unit body disposed at the hollow of the hollow rotating platform; a lifting device disposed on the mobile unit body ; a connector connecting the hollow rotating platform and the lifting device; and a movement control module connected with the hollow rotating platform, the lifting device and the rotating device to control the hollow rotating platform, the lifting device and the rotating device.
在一實施例中,金屬回收系統可進一步包括與浸泡室流體連通的冷卻劑輸入管道。In one embodiment, the metal recovery system may further include a coolant input conduit in fluid communication with the soaking chamber.
在一實施例中,其中破碎單元可包括機械力破碎裝置。In an embodiment, wherein the crushing unit may comprise a mechanical crushing device.
在一實施例中,分選單元可包括比重分選裝置、尺寸分選裝置、重量分選裝置、或其任意組合。In one embodiment, the sorting unit may include a specific gravity sorting device, a size sorting device, a gravimetric sorting device, or any combination thereof.
在一實施例中,金屬回收系統可進一步包括預處理單元,預處理單元在包覆有膠體的金屬被置於進料槽之前對包覆有膠體的金屬進行分類。In one embodiment, the metal recovery system may further include a pretreatment unit that classifies the colloid-coated metal before the colloid-coated metal is placed in the feed chute.
在一實施例中,預處理單元可包括感測模組以及分析模組,其中分析模組依據感測模組提供的數據進行類神經網路運算。In one embodiment, the preprocessing unit may include a sensing module and an analysis module, wherein the analysis module performs a neural network-like operation according to the data provided by the sensing module.
在一實施例中,類神經網路運算包括AlexNet、VGGNet或ResNet。In one embodiment, the neural network-like operation includes AlexNet, VGGNet, or ResNet.
本發明的另一目的在於提供利用上述金屬回收系統之一種金屬回收方法,其包括以下步驟:將包覆有膠體的金屬置於冷卻劑中以玻璃化上述膠體; 將包覆有上述玻璃化膠體的金屬移至破碎單元以對上述玻璃化膠體進行破碎;以及於分選單元中分離破碎的玻璃化膠體以及金屬。Another object of the present invention is to provide a metal recovery method using the above-mentioned metal recovery system, which comprises the following steps: placing the metal coated with colloid in a coolant to vitrify the above-mentioned colloid; The metal is moved to the crushing unit to crush the vitrified colloid; and the crushed vitrified colloid and the metal are separated in the sorting unit.
在一實施例中,金屬回收方法可進一步包括在將包覆有膠體的金屬置於冷卻劑以前,於預處理單元中對包覆有膠體的金屬進行分類。In one embodiment, the metal recovery method may further include sorting the colloid-coated metal in a pretreatment unit prior to placing the colloid-coated metal in the coolant.
本發明可達到利用金屬上的膠體特性,以溫度低於膠體的玻璃轉化溫度的冷卻劑先將膠體硬化或玻璃化後對硬化或玻璃化的膠體進行破碎以達到完整分開膠體與金屬,進而提升金屬的回收品質。The present invention can utilize the colloid properties on the metal to first harden or vitrify the colloid with a coolant whose temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature of the colloid, and then break the hardened or vitrified colloid to achieve complete separation of the colloid and the metal, thereby improving the Recycling quality of metals.
將省略可能不必要地混淆本發明目的之已知功能和構造的描述。Descriptions of known functions and constructions that may unnecessarily obscure the objects of the present invention will be omitted.
將進一步理解的是,當在本說明書中使用 “包括”及/或“包括”時,其特指所述特徵部件、整數、步驟、操作、元件、組分、及/或其群組的存在,但不排除存在或增加一個或多個其他特徵部件、整數、步驟、操作、元件、組分、及/或其群組。當在本說明書中使用單數形式“一”時,除非上下文另外明確指出,否則也意圖使其包括複數形式。It will be further understood that when "comprising" and/or "comprising" is used in this specification, it refers specifically to the presence of said features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof , but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. When the singular form "a" is used in this specification, it is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
將理解的是,雖然本文中可使用術語“第一”、“第二”等來描述各種元件、組件、區域、層及/或部分,但是這些元件、組件、區域、層及/或部分不應受到此些術語的限制。此些術語僅用於區分一個元件、組件、區域、層或部分與另一元件、組件、區域、層或部分。It will be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections may not be You should be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section.
第1圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收系統的流程示意圖。本發明係利用膠體於玻璃轉化溫度硬化以及玻璃化之特性所設計之金屬回收系統10。如第1圖所示,包覆有膠體的金屬或金屬管3會先經過預處理單元分類,接著依照分類被置於進料槽17中以進出浸泡室11,進浸泡室11中裝有冷卻劑以使膠體5硬化或玻璃化,其上包覆有硬化或玻璃化膠體5的金屬或金屬管3接著被移至集料槽13,然後依序經過破碎單元19以及分選單元12的處理以分離金屬或金屬管3以及膠體5。在一實施例中,預處理單元可被省略,包覆有膠體的金屬或金屬管3可不經過預處理單元分類地直接置於進料槽17中並接著進行後續步驟。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a metal recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is a
第2圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收系統10的示意圖。本發明的一實施例係關於一種金屬回收系統10,其包括:浸泡室11、集料槽13、移動單元15、進料槽17、破碎單元19、以及分選單元12。浸泡室11具有第一進料口111以及置於浸泡室11的內部空間113中的冷卻劑115。本發明之金屬回收系統10係用於處理其上包覆有膠體5之金屬或金屬管3。具體而言,金屬回收系統10係用於將其上包覆有膠體5之金屬或金屬管3的膠體5與金屬或金屬管3分開以回收金屬或金屬管3。膠體5的實施例可包括但不限於瀝青膠、壓克力膠、熱熔膠、矽膠(矽利康)、或其任意組合。金屬或金屬管3的材料可包括例如銅、鋁、黃金、銀、鐵、上述金屬之合金或其任意組合,但不限於此。在一實施例中 ,膠體5可為瀝青膠,而金屬或金屬管3可為銅或銅管。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a
浸泡室11中的冷卻劑115係根據膠體5的玻璃轉化溫度來決定。冷卻劑115的實施例無具體限制,可採用任何具有使膠體5硬化或玻璃化的溫度的冷卻劑。冷卻劑的實施例可包括但不限於液態氮、液態空氣或其組合。冷卻劑115的溫度可≦-60℃、≦-65℃、≦-70℃、≦-75℃、≦-80℃、≦-85℃、≦-90℃、≦-95℃、≦-100℃、≦-105℃、≦-110℃、≦-115℃、≦-120℃、≦-125℃、≦-130℃、≦-135℃、≦-140℃、≦-145℃、≦-150℃、≦-155℃、或≦-160℃。在一實施例中,金屬回收系統10可進一步包括與浸泡室11連通的冷卻劑儲存槽14A,浸泡室11的內部空間113通過冷卻劑進入管道141與冷卻劑儲存槽14A連通,冷卻劑115可通過冷卻劑管道141進入浸泡室11的內部空間113。在一實施例中,金屬回收系統10可進一步包括與浸泡室11連通的冷卻劑回收槽14B,浸泡室11的內部空間113通過冷卻劑排出管道142與冷卻劑回收槽14B連通,通過冷卻劑管道142,冷卻劑115可直接自浸泡室11的內部空間113排出。冷卻劑進入管道141與冷卻劑排出管道142上可分別設置有控制閥143以及144,以控制冷卻劑115輸入浸泡室11與回收浸泡室11內的冷卻劑115。藉由冷卻劑儲存槽14A、冷卻劑回收槽14B、冷卻劑進入與排出管道141以及142以及控制閥143以及144可減少替換冷卻劑115所需的時間以及步驟。The
集料槽13具有第二進料口131以及第一出料口133。集料槽13可與浸泡室11並連或者可與浸泡室11相隔一段距離。在一實施例中,浸泡室11與集料槽13不連通。在浸泡室11與集料槽13不連通的情況下,浸泡室11中的冷卻劑115不會擴散至集料槽13,從而可減少冷卻劑115的用量。在一實施例中,浸泡室11還可包括活動門板(圖未示)。活動門板可覆蓋第一進料口111以防止冷卻劑115自浸泡室11的內部空間113擴散至外部,進而有效地將浸泡室11的內部空間113的溫度維持在期望或特定溫度範圍內。The
進料槽17設置於移動單元15上,並在第一進料口111以及第二進料口131之間旋轉移動,且可升降並進出浸泡室11的內部空間113。在一實施例中,進料槽17可為具有開口的網狀容器,但本發明不限於此。進料槽17可透過移動單元15在第一進料口111以及第二進料口131之間旋轉移動並升降進出浸泡室11的內部空間113。在一實施例中,包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3可被置於進料槽17中,移動單元15使進料槽17降低進入浸泡室11的冷卻劑115中,且在冷卻劑115中停留一段時間。由於冷卻劑115具有可使包覆金屬或金屬管3的膠體5硬化或玻璃化的溫度(即冷卻劑115需具有低於膠體5的玻璃轉化溫度的溫度),因此在浸泡於冷卻劑115一段時間後,包覆金屬或金屬管3的膠體5將會硬化或玻璃化。在膠體5硬化或玻璃化後,移動單元15將進料槽17升高移出浸泡室11的內部空間113,接著進料槽17旋轉移動至集料槽13的第二進料口131。移動單元翻轉進料槽17以將進料槽17中的包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3倒入集料槽13中。因此,移動單元15具有升降、旋轉、翻轉等動作的機構。進料槽17在冷卻劑115中停留的時間可為1~120秒、10~120秒、20~120秒、30~120秒、40~120秒、50~120秒、60~120秒、70~120秒、80~60秒、90~120秒、100~120秒、110~120秒、10~110秒、10~100秒、10~90秒、10~80秒、10~70秒、10~60秒、10~50秒、10~40秒、10~30秒、10~20秒、20~100秒、20~90秒、20~80秒、20~70秒、20~60秒、20~50秒、20~40秒、20~30秒、30~100秒、30~90秒、30~80秒、30~70秒、30~60秒、30~50秒、或30~40秒,但本發明不限於此。根據膠體5的特性,進料槽17在冷卻劑115中停留的時間可大於120秒。The
第3圖係為根據本發明實施例的金屬回收系統10中與進料槽17連接的移動單元15的示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the
參照第3圖,移動單元15包括中空旋轉平台153、與中空旋轉平台153以及進料槽17連接的轉動裝置157用於翻轉進料槽17、設置於中空旋轉平台153的空心處之移動單元本體(例如軸桿、支撐桿、柱、桿等)151、設置於移動單元本體151上的升降裝置155、連接中空旋轉平台153以及升降裝置155的第二連接件159、以及與中空旋轉平台153、升降裝置155以及轉動裝置157連接以控制中空旋轉平台153、升降裝置155以及轉動裝置157的移動控制模組(圖未示)。Referring to FIG. 3 , the
中空旋轉平台153可為具有中空結構的轉盤的任何習知的旋轉機構。舉例而言,中空旋轉平台153可包括具有中空結構之轉盤、用於支撐上述轉盤的交叉滾子軸承或滾珠軸承、設於交叉滾子軸承或滾珠軸承下方的齒輪、以及與上述齒輪相接以驅動齒輪以及其上之元件旋轉之步進馬達或伺服馬達。The hollow
轉動裝置157可包括第一步進馬達1571以及第一連接件1573。第一步進馬達1571可與進料槽17以及移動控制模組連接,移動控制模組可控制第一步進馬達1571轉動以翻轉改變進料槽17的開口方向,倒出裝載於進料槽17內的物品,於本發明中,為包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3。The
轉動裝置157的第一步進馬達1571可透過其中的第一連接件1573與中空旋轉平台153連接。因此,轉動裝置157可透過旋轉中空旋轉平台153而旋轉移動到期望位置。舉例而言,移動控制模組可控制中空旋轉平台153旋轉以將進料槽17與轉動裝置157自第一進料口111上方旋轉到第二進料口131上方。移動控制模組可在控制中空旋轉平台153旋轉以將轉動裝置157旋轉到第二進料口131上方後,然後並控制轉動裝置157的第一步進馬達1571轉動以翻轉進料槽17,倒出裝載於進料槽17內的物品。The
中空旋轉平台153可透過第二連接件159與升降裝置155連接。升降裝置155可包括但不限於油壓升降裝置、螺桿升降裝置、滑軌升降裝置或滑輪升降裝置。第3圖以升降裝置155為滑輪升降裝置的實施例進行說明,但本發明不限於此。如第3圖所示,升降裝置155可包括主動輪1551以及從動輪1552以及鏈條1553。主動輪1551以及從動輪1552分別設置於移動單元本體151的頂端以及底端,而鏈條1553可搭載於主動輪1551以及從動輪1552上。主動輪1551連接一馬達。並由馬達帶動旋轉,從而帶動從動輪1552與鏈條1553。在一實施例中,從動輪1552的外徑可大於主動輪1551的外徑以降低鏈條1553脫落的可能。在另一實施例中,升降裝置155可進一步包括惰輪以降低鏈條脫落的可能。鏈條1553透過第二連接件159與中空旋轉平台153連接,因此於移動控制模組操縱主動輪1551轉動以帶動鏈條1553移動時,中空旋轉平台153會被上升或下降至移動單元本體151上的期望位置。移動控制模組控制可在操縱主動輪1551轉動以帶動鏈條1553移動,進而將中空旋轉平台153升降至移動單元本體151上的期望位置後,控制中空旋轉平台153旋轉以將轉動裝置157旋轉到第二進料口131上方,最後再控制轉動裝置157的第一步進馬達1571轉動以翻轉進料槽17,倒出裝載於進料槽17內的物品。The hollow
透過本發明的移動單元15,進料槽17不但可在第一進料口111以及第二進料口131之間移動,還可進出浸泡室11的內部空間113,從而可實現將進料槽17內的物品(於本發明中,為包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3)浸泡於浸泡室11的冷卻劑115後、將進料槽17內的物品移出浸泡室11的內部空間113、接著再將進料槽17內的物品倒至集料槽13等一系列操作。Through the moving
參照第2圖,破碎單元19具有第三進料口191以及第二出料193口,且第三進料口191與集料槽13的第一出料口133相連。當集料槽13中包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3聚集到一定的量時,集料槽13的第一出料口133可被打開以使集料槽13中包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3移動到破碎單元19中以對硬化或玻璃化的膠體5進行破碎操作。破碎單元19中可包括任何可使硬化或玻璃化之膠體5破碎的破碎裝置。在一實施例中,破碎單元19中可包括機械力破碎裝置。機械力破碎裝置可包括但不限於切割裝置、擊碎裝置、輾壓裝置、壓碎裝置或其任意組合。機械力破碎裝置的實施例可包括但不限於凸輪破碎裝置、顎碎機、鏈條破碎裝置或其任意組合。破碎後的膠體5以及金屬或金屬管3會透過第二出料口193移動到相應其設置的分選單元12中(參照第2圖)。Referring to FIG. 2 , the crushing
第4圖係為根據本發明一實施例的分選單元12的示意圖。第4圖中以比重分選裝置作為實施例來說明分選單元12的操作,但本發明不限於此。本發明的分選單元12無具體限制,其可為任何可將破碎的膠體5與金屬或金屬管3分離的裝置。分選單元12的實施例可包括但不限於比重分選裝置、尺寸分選裝置、重量分選裝置、或其任意組合。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sorting
參照第4圖,分選單元12包括分選單元本體120、分離控制裝置121、膠體分離裝置123、金屬收集裝置125以及液體127。如第4圖所示,液體127置於分選單元本體120內。液體127無具體限制,只要其密度小於金屬或金屬管3的密度且大於膠體5的密度而使膠體5在其中為浮體而金屬或金屬管3在其中為沉體即可。舉例而言,液體127可包括但不限於水。金屬收集裝置125可置於分選單元本體120底部以收集下沉之金屬或金屬管3。在一實施例中,金屬收集裝置125可為具有向上開口1251網狀容器,但本發明不限於此。分離控制裝置121可與分選單元本體120的一側壁以及膠體分離裝置123連接,並使將膠體分離裝置123固定於分選單元本體120的上述側壁與金屬收集裝置125之間。分離控制裝置121可包含轉動控制模組(圖未示)、第二步進馬達1211以及轉軸1213。膠體分離裝置123與轉軸1213連接,且轉軸1213可透過第二步進馬達1211與轉動控制模組連接。轉動控制模組可透過控制第二步進馬達1211來轉動轉軸1213。透過轉動轉軸1213,可使膠體分離裝置123撈取動作以及待機動作之間進行切換。具體而言,於待機動作時點,轉動控制模組會控制第二步進馬達1211轉動轉軸1213,使膠體分離裝置123往分選單元本體120的該側壁方向轉動以露出金屬收集裝置125的開口1251。於撈取動作時點,轉動控制模組會控制第二步進馬達1211轉動轉軸1213,使膠體分離裝置123往金屬收集裝置125的方向轉動以撈取浮於液體127中的膠體5。膠體分離裝置123無具體限制,只要是可用以將浮於液體127中的膠體5取出之裝置即可。在一實施例中,膠體分離裝置123可為撈取勺,但本發明不限於此。金屬收集裝置125可在膠體分離裝置123的撈取動作實質完畢之後自分選單元本體120底部取出以完成金屬的回收。Referring to FIG. 4 , the sorting
在一實施例中,本發明的金屬回收系統可進一步包括在將包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3置於進料槽17之前,先對包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3進行分類的預處理單元。In one embodiment, the metal recovery system of the present invention may further include, before placing the metal or
預處理單元可包括感測模組以及分析模組。感測模組的實施例可包括但不限於影像擷取裝置、密度分析裝置或紅外線分析裝置。分析模組可接收來自感測模組的數據,將上述數據與預建的辨識模型進行比對,並依據比對結果對包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3進行分類。在一實施例中,分析模組可依據感測模組提供的數據進行類神經網路運算,類神經網路運算的實施例可包括但不限於AlexNet、VGGNet或ResNet。類神經網路運算可依據感測模組提供的數據產生新的辨識模型以替代預建的辨識模型,進而提高分類的精準度。The preprocessing unit may include a sensing module and an analysis module. Embodiments of the sensing module may include, but are not limited to, an image capture device, a density analysis device, or an infrared analysis device. The analysis module can receive the data from the sensing module, compare the above data with the pre-built identification model, and classify the metal or
舉例而言,在感測模組為影像擷取裝置的情況下,感測模組可先對包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3進行影像擷取。擷取到的影像數據會被輸入至分析模組中與分析模組中預建的辨識模型進行比對,分析模組可依據比對結果判定包覆於金屬或金屬管3上的膠體5的量,並依據判定結果將包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3分為,例如:金屬或金屬管3上無膠體5、只有部分金屬或金屬管3被膠體5包覆以及整個金屬或金屬管3皆被膠體5包覆等三類,但本發明不限於此。舉例而言,可將包覆有膠體5的金屬或金屬管3依據膠體5的量分為五類或更多,或是可依據膠體5的種類進行分類。分析模組可依據感測模組提供的擷取到的影像數據進行類神經網路運算,並產生新的辨識模型以替代預建的辨識模型,進而提高分類的精準度。移動單元15可依據預處理單元的分類結果而調整進料槽17在冷卻劑115中停留的時間。For example, in the case where the sensing module is an image capturing device, the sensing module can first perform image capturing on the metal or
本發明進一步提供一種利用上述金屬回收系統的金屬回收方法。第5圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收方法20的流程圖。如第5圖所述,本發明之金屬回收方法20包括:將包覆有膠體的金屬置於冷卻劑中以玻璃化膠體的步驟S201; 將包覆有玻璃化膠體的金屬移至破碎單元以對玻璃化膠體進行破碎的步驟S203;以及於分選單元中分離破碎的玻璃化膠體以及金屬的步驟S205。The present invention further provides a metal recovery method utilizing the above metal recovery system. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a
在一實施例中,本發明的金屬回收方法20可進一步包括在將包覆有膠體的金屬置於冷卻劑中以玻璃化膠體的步驟S201之前,於預處理單元中對包覆有膠體的金屬進行分類的步驟S200。In one embodiment, the
以下以包覆有瀝青膠之銅管作為實施例對本發明進行更詳細的說明。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by taking the copper pipe coated with asphalt glue as an example.
實施例Example
收集包覆有瀝青膠之銅管,利用影像擷取裝置對包覆有瀝青膠之銅管進行影像擷取,將所擷取到的數據傳送到分析模組中與分析模組中預建的辨識模型進行比對,分析模組依據比對結果判定將包覆有瀝青膠之銅管分為:無瀝青膠的純銅管的類別I、部分銅管被瀝青膠包覆的類別II、整個銅管被瀝青膠包覆的類別III,且直接對類別I的銅管進行回收。Collect the copper pipes covered with asphalt glue, use an image capture device to capture images of the copper pipes covered with asphalt glue, and transmit the captured data to the analysis module and the pre-built in the analysis module. The identification models are compared, and the analysis module determines that the copper pipes covered with asphalt glue are divided into: Category I of pure copper pipes without asphalt glue, Category II of some copper pipes covered with asphalt glue, and whole copper pipes. Category III where the pipe is coated with bituminous glue and directly recycled for Category I copper pipes.
透過與浸泡室流體連通的冷卻劑管道輸入液態氮至浸泡室的內部空間,直到液態氮達到一定的高度。Liquid nitrogen is fed into the interior space of the soaking chamber through a coolant line in fluid communication with the soaking chamber until the liquid nitrogen reaches a certain height.
將類別II的銅管置於進料槽中,並控制移動單元使類別II的銅管完全浸於液態氮中10~30秒,以脆化或玻璃化類別II的銅管上的瀝青膠。接著控制移動單元使進料槽移出浸泡室的內部空間,並將進料槽中類別II的銅管倒於集料槽中。The class II copper tube is placed in the feed tank, and the moving unit is controlled to completely immerse the class II copper tube in liquid nitrogen for 10 to 30 seconds to embrittle or vitrify the asphalt glue on the class II copper tube. Then, the moving unit is controlled to move the feed tank out of the inner space of the soaking chamber, and the copper pipes of category II in the feed tank are poured into the collection tank.
將類別III的銅管置於進料槽中,並控制移動單元使類別III的銅管完全浸於液態氮中30~60秒,以脆化或玻璃化類別III的銅管上的瀝青膠。接著控制移動單元使進料槽移出浸泡室的內部空間,並將進料槽中類別III的銅管倒於集料槽中。The class III copper pipes are placed in the feed tank, and the moving unit is controlled to completely immerse the class III copper pipes in liquid nitrogen for 30 to 60 seconds to embrittle or vitrify the asphalt glue on the class III copper pipes. The moving unit is then controlled to move the feed chute out of the inner space of the soaking chamber, and pour the Category III copper pipes in the feed chute into the collection chute.
打開集料槽的第一出料口,使集料槽中所有的銅管進入機械力破碎裝置以破碎銅管上脆化或玻璃化的瀝青膠。脆化或玻璃化的瀝青膠以及銅管會自機械力破碎裝置的第二出料口掉落到比重分選裝置中。比重分選裝置中的液體為水,破碎的瀝青膠會浮於水上,而銅管會沉到水底的網籃中。將浮於水上的瀝青膠用撈取勺撈出並置於膠收集槽中。待浮於水上的瀝青膠撈除完畢後,將網籃取出即可獲得其上的瀝青膠被完整的去除的銅管,完成銅管的回收。Open the first discharge port of the collecting tank, and make all the copper pipes in the collecting tank enter the mechanical crushing device to break the brittle or vitrified asphalt glue on the copper pipes. The embrittled or vitrified asphalt glue and copper pipes will fall into the specific gravity sorting device from the second outlet of the mechanical crushing device. The liquid in the gravity separation device is water, the broken asphalt glue will float on the water, and the copper pipe will sink into the net basket at the bottom of the water. Remove the asphalt glue floating on the water with a scoop and place it in the glue collection tank. After the asphalt glue floating on the water is removed, take out the mesh basket to obtain a copper tube with the asphalt glue on it completely removed, thus completing the recovery of the copper tube.
本發明之金屬回收系統以及金屬回收方法係利用金屬上的膠體特性,以溫度低於膠體的玻璃轉化溫度的冷卻劑先將膠體硬化或玻璃化後對硬化或玻璃化的膠體進行破碎以達到完整分開膠體與金屬,進而提升金屬的回收品質。The metal recovery system and the metal recovery method of the present invention utilize the colloidal properties of metals to first harden or vitrify the colloid with a coolant whose temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature of the colloid, and then crush the hardened or vitrified colloid to achieve complete integrity. Separating colloids and metals, thereby improving the quality of metal recycling.
以上概述本發明數個實施例的特徵,以便在本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可更易理解本發明實施例的觀點。在本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者應理解,他們能以本發明實施例為基礎,設計或修改其他製程和結構,以達到與在此介紹的實施例相同之目的及∕或優勢。在本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者也應理解到,此類等效的製程和結構並無悖離本發明的精神與範圍,且他們能在不違背本發明之精神和範圍之下,做各式各樣的改變、取代和替換。The features of several embodiments of the present invention are summarized above, so that those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can more easily understand the viewpoints of the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains should appreciate that they can, based on the embodiments of the present invention, design or modify other processes and structures to achieve the same objectives and/or advantages of the embodiments described herein. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains should also understand that such equivalent processes and structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they can, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, Make all kinds of changes, substitutions, and substitutions.
10:金屬回收系統
20:金屬回收方法
3:金屬或金屬管
5:膠體
11:浸泡室
111:第一進料口
113:內部空間
115:冷卻劑
12:分選單元
120:分選單元本體
121:分離控制裝置
1211:第二步進馬達
1213:轉軸
123:膠體分離裝置
125:金屬收集裝置
1251:向上開口
127:液體
13:集料槽
131:第二進料口
133:第一出料口
14A:冷卻劑儲存槽
14B:冷卻劑回收槽
141:冷卻劑進入管道
142:冷卻劑排出管道
143, 144:控制閥
15:移動單元
151:移動單元本體
153:中空旋轉平台
155:升降裝置
1551:主動輪
1552:從動輪
1553:鏈條
157:轉動裝置
1571:步進馬達
1573:第一連接件
159:第二連接件
17:進料槽
19:破碎單元
191:第三進料口
193:第二出料口
S200, S201, S203, S205:步驟
10: Metal recycling system
20: Metal Recovery Methods
3: Metal or Metal Tube
5: Colloid
11: Immersion Chamber
111: The first feeding port
113: Interior Space
115: Coolant
12: Sorting unit
120: sorting unit body
121: Separation control device
1211: Second stepper motor
1213: Spindle
123: Colloid separation device
125: Metal Collection Device
1251: Opening up
127: Liquid
13: Aggregate chute
131: The second feed port
133: The
可參考以下圖式來描述本發明,其中: 第1圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收系統的流程示意圖。 第2圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收系統的示意圖。 第3圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收系統中與進料槽連接的移動單元的示意圖。 第4圖係為根據本發明一實施例的分選單元的示意圖。 第5圖係為根據本發明一實施例的金屬回收方法的流程圖。 The present invention may be described with reference to the following figures, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a metal recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metal recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mobile unit connected to a feed tank in a metal recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sorting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a metal recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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