TWI759152B - Display - Google Patents

Abstract

A display includes a display panel and a photonic crystal panel. The photonic crystal panel is located on the display panel and includes a first electrode, a second electrode and an optical film. The second electrode overlaps the first electrode. The optical film is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The optical film includes a first part and a second part. The first part includes a plurality of first photonic crystals, and the second part includes a plurality of second photonic crystals. Microstructures arranged periodically of each first photonic crystal is different from microstructures arranged periodically of each second photonic crystal.

Description

monitor

The present invention relates to a display, and in particular to a display comprising a photonic crystal panel.

A photonic crystal is an optical structure containing periodically arranged microstructures. Photonic crystals are very common in the natural environment. For example, the bright colors of chameleons, peacock feathers, butterflies, and opals are all derived from the microstructure of photonic crystals. The characteristic of photonic crystals is that their color is affected by the periodic arrangement of microstructures. The reason why chameleons can change color is by changing the microstructure arrangement of photonic crystals in their skin. However, at present, photonic crystals have not been effectively used in electronic products. How to use the characteristics of photonic crystals to improve electronic products is a problem that many manufacturers want to solve.

The invention provides a display. The display includes an optical film, and the optical film can reflect light of different wavelengths in response to changes in pressure.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display. The display includes a display panel and a photonic crystal panel. The photonic crystal panel is located on the display panel and includes a first electrode, a second electrode and an optical film. The second electrode overlaps the first electrode. The optical film is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The optical film includes a first part and a second part. The first portion includes a plurality of first photonic crystals, and the second portion includes a plurality of second photonic crystals. The periodically arranged microstructure of each of the first photonic crystals is different from the periodically arranged microstructure of each of the second photonic crystals.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the photonic crystal panel 10 includes a first electrode 100 , a second electrode 110 and an optical film 120 . The second electrode 110 overlaps the first electrode 100 . The optical film 120 is located between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 . The first electrode 100, the optical film 120, and the second electrode 110 are stacked along the z-axis direction.

The materials of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 include transparent conductive materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al), gallium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Ga) ), conductive polymers (PEDOT:PSS), carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (Graphene), etc.), or a stacked layer of at least two of the above. In some embodiments, the thickness t1 of the first electrode 100 and the thickness t2 of the second electrode 110 are between 0.1 μm and 1 μm.

In some embodiments, the first electrode 100 and/or the second electrode 110 are formed on a transparent substrate (not shown), but the invention is not limited thereto.

The optical film 120 includes a first portion 122 and a second portion 124 . In this embodiment, the optical film 120 further includes a third part 126 .

The first portion 122 includes a plurality of first photonic crystals P1, the second portion 124 includes a plurality of second photonic crystals P2, and the third portion 126 includes a plurality of third photonic crystals P3. In some embodiments, the size (particle size) of each of the first photonic crystals P1, the second photonic crystals P2, and the third photonic crystals P3 is several micrometers to several hundreds of micrometers.

Each of the first photonic crystals P1 includes a first substrate B1 and a plurality of first holes H1 which are located in the first substrate B1 and are periodically arranged. Each of the second photonic crystals P2 includes a second base material B2 and a plurality of second holes H2 located in the second base material B2 and arranged periodically. Each of the third photonic crystals P3 includes a third substrate B3 and a plurality of third holes H3 which are located in the third substrate B3 and are periodically arranged. In some embodiments, the sizes (diameters) of the first hole H1 , the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 are several nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.

In this embodiment, the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 are transparent elastomers, and the materials of the first substrate B1, the second substrate B2 and the third substrate B3 are, for example, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), silicone rubber (SR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or other suitable materials. In this embodiment, the first substrate B1 , the second substrate B2 and the third substrate B3 include the same material, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first substrate B1, the second substrate B2, and the third substrate B3 include different materials.

The sizes (diameters) and/or spacings of the first holes H1, the second holes H2 and the third holes H3 are different, so that the periodic arrangement microstructure of each first photonic crystal P1 and the periodic arrangement microstructure of each second photonic crystal P2 are slightly different. The structure and the periodic arrangement microstructure of each third photonic crystal P3 are different from each other. For example, in this embodiment, the first hole H1 , the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 have the same size, but have different spacings. The distance X1 of the first holes H1 is greater than the distance X2 of the second holes H2, and the distance X2 of the second holes H2 is greater than the distance X3 of the third holes H3. The aforementioned pitches X1, X2, and X3 refer to pitches between two adjacent holes in any direction.

In some embodiments, the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect light of different colors due to different periodic arrangement of microstructures. For example, the first photonic crystal P1 reflects red light, the second photonic crystal P2 reflects green light, and the third photonic crystal P3 reflects blue light. Based on this, the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 reflect light of different colors.

In some embodiments, the arrangement of the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 determines the pattern displayed by the optical film 120 , for example, the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part If the 126 is arranged in stripes, the optical film 120 can display striped patterns, but the invention is not limited to this. The first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 can be arranged in other more complex shapes, so that the optical film 120 can display more complex patterns.

In some embodiments, the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 are mixed with each other to create patterns of other colors. For example, the first part 122 reflects red light, and the second part 124 reflects green light, and the optical film 120 can reflect yellow light by mixing the first part 122 and the second part 124 . In other words, in some embodiments, the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 are not necessarily independent of each other, and can be mixed with each other to obtain more diverse colors.

In some embodiments, the method for forming the optical film 120 includes, for example, mixing the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 into pigments (slurry) of different colors according to different ratios, and then mixing the aforementioned pigments The optical film 120 containing color patterns is fabricated by printing or other suitable methods.

In this embodiment, the wavelength of the light reflected by the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10 changes due to external pressure or tension. As shown in FIG. 2 , the photonic crystal P will reflect light of different wavelengths due to the change of shape. If the photonic crystal is compressed or stretched in the z-axis direction (the stacking direction of the first electrode 100 , the second electrode 110 and the optical film 120 ) , the spacing in the z-axis direction of the microstructures composed of holes (or filler particles) will change. According to Bragg-Snell's law, if the spacing of the microstructure changes, it will affect the wavelength of light that the photonic crystal can reflect.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , when the photonic crystal P is not subjected to external pressure or tension, the reflected light is green light. After the photonic crystal is subjected to pressure in the z-axis direction, the spacing of the holes H is reduced, and the reflected light is converted into blue light. If the pressure is further increased and the spacing of the holes H is further reduced, the photonic crystal P will be transformed into reflected ultraviolet light (invisible light). After the photonic crystal P is pulled in the z-axis direction, the spacing of the holes H increases, and the reflected light turns into red light. If the pulling force is further increased, the spacing of the holes H further increases, and the photonic crystal P transforms into reflected infrared light ( invisible light).

It can be seen that the optical film 120 can be transformed from opaque (reflecting visible light) to transparent (reflecting invisible light) by applying pressure or tension to the optical film 120 of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel of FIG. 1 when the optical film 120 is under pressure. FIG. 3B is a schematic perspective view of the photonic crystal panel of FIG. 1 when the optical film is subjected to tensile force.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , the photonic crystal panel 10 has an open circuit (OFF) state and a closed circuit (ON) state. When a voltage is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 , the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a closed circuit state (as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B ). When no voltage is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 , the photonic crystal panel 10 is in an open state (as shown in FIG. 1 ). The thickness T1 of the optical film 120 between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 in the open-circuit state is different from the thickness T2 and the thickness T3 in the closed-circuit state.

Referring to FIG. 3A , the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a closed circuit (ON) state, and the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 have different electrical properties. For example, a potential difference is generated between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110, whereby the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 attract each other due to electrostatic force and squeeze the optical film 120 therebetween. , resulting in the spacing of the first holes H1 of the first photonic crystal P1 (the spacing Z1 in the z-axis direction), the spacing of the second holes H2 of the second photonic crystal P2 (the spacing Z2 in the z-axis direction) and the third photonic crystal The pitch of the third holes H3 of P3 (the pitch Z3 in the z-axis direction) is reduced until the thickness of the optical film 120 is reduced to T2. When the thickness of the optical film 120 is T2, the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 in the optical film 120 reflect ultraviolet light (invisible light), and the photonic crystal panel 10 is transparent.

It should be noted that the distance Z1, the distance Z2 and the distance Z3 between FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A are only used to illustrate that the distances between the first hole H1, the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 in the z-axis direction will be affected by pressure. Zoom out, not to limit the actual amount of pitch change. For example, when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in the closed circuit (ON) state, the distance Z1 of the first hole H1 in the z-axis direction, the distance Z2 of the second hole H2 in the z-axis direction, and the distance of the third hole H3 in the z-axis direction The spacing Z3 in the direction may be smaller than the spacing Z3 of the third holes H3 in the z-axis direction when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in an open (OFF) state, so that the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a transparent state.

In some embodiments, direct current is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, alternating current is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110, and the phase difference of the alternating current on the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 is π, so that the polarities of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 are the same. different and attracted to each other.

Referring to FIG. 3B , the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a closed circuit (ON) state, and the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 have the same electrical properties. For example, the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 are made to have the same potential, whereby the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 will repel each other due to electrostatic force and stretch the optical film 120 therebetween. , resulting in the spacing of the first holes H1 of the first photonic crystal P1 (the spacing Z1 in the z-axis direction), the spacing of the second holes H2 of the second photonic crystal P2 (the spacing Z2 in the z-axis direction) and the third photonic crystal The pitch of the third holes H3 of P3 (the pitch Z3 in the z-axis direction) increases until the thickness of the optical film 120 increases to T3. When the thickness of the optical film 120 is T3, the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 in the optical film 120 reflect infrared light (invisible light), and the photonic crystal panel 10 is transparent. T3>T1>T2.

It should be noted that the distance Z1, the distance Z2 and the distance Z3 between FIG. 1 and FIG. 3B are only used to indicate that the distances between the first hole H1, the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 in the z-axis direction will be affected by tension. increase, not to limit the actual amount of spacing change. For example, when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in the closed circuit (ON) state, the distance Z1 of the first hole H1 in the z-axis direction, the distance Z2 of the second hole H2 in the z-axis direction, and the distance of the third hole H3 in the z-axis direction The spacing Z3 in the direction may be larger than the spacing Z1 of the first holes H1 in the z-axis direction when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in an open (OFF) state, so that the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a transparent state.

In some embodiments, direct current is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, alternating current is applied to the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110, and the alternating current on the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 are in the same phase, so that the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 110 have the same polarity and are mutually exclusion.

Based on the above, when the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 are in the open state of the photonic crystal panel 10, the distances between the first holes H1, the second holes H2 and the third holes H3 are different from each other, so that the The first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect visible light of different colors. When the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 are in the closed state of the photonic crystal panel 10, the first hole H1, the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 are spaced apart from each other (the space in the z-axis direction). ) may be the same or different, and the first photonic crystal P1, the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect invisible light.

4 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It must be noted here that the embodiment of FIG. 4 uses the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The difference between the photonic crystal panel 10 a of FIG. 4 and the photonic crystal panel 10 of FIG. 1 is that the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 of the photonic crystal panel 10 a respectively include periodically arranged first fillings Particles C1, second filling particles C2, and third filling particles C3. The first filler particles C1, the second filler particles C2, and the third filler particles C3 are, for example, organic materials (eg, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), or allyl) Diethylene glycol carbonate (CR-39), inorganic materials (silicon dioxide, alumina or sapphire), and the refractive indices of the first filler particles C1, the second filler particles C2, and the third filler particles C3 are different from those of the first base The refractive index of the material B1, the second base material B2, and the third base material B3.

The sizes (particle diameters) and/or spacings of the first filling particles C1, the second filling particles C2 and the third filling particles C3 are different, so that the periodic arrangement of the microstructure of each first photonic crystal P1 and the The periodic arrangement microstructure and the periodic arrangement microstructure of each of the third photonic crystals P3 are different from each other. For example, in this embodiment, the first filling particles C1 , the second filling particles C2 and the third filling particles C3 have the same size but have different spacings. The spacing X1 of the first filling particles C1 is greater than the spacing X2 of the second filling particles C2 , and the spacing X2 of the second filling particles C2 is greater than the spacing X3 of the third filling particles C3 . The aforementioned distances X1, X2, and X3 refer to the distance between two adjacent filling particles in any direction. In some embodiments, the sizes (particle diameters) of the first filling particles C1 , the second filling particles C2 and the third filling particles C3 are several nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.

In some embodiments, the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect light of different colors due to different periodic arrangement of microstructures. For example, the first photonic crystal P1 reflects red light, the second photonic crystal P2 reflects green light, and the third photonic crystal P3 reflects blue light. Based on this, the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third part 126 reflect light of different colors.

In this embodiment, the wavelength of the light reflected by the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10a changes due to external pressure or tension. The optical film 120 can be converted from opaque (reflecting visible light) to transparent (reflecting invisible light) by applying pressure or tension to the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10a.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It must be noted here that the embodiment of FIG. 5 uses the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The difference between the photonic crystal panel 10b of FIG. 5 and the photonic crystal panel 10 of FIG. 1 is that the sizes (apertures) of the first hole H1 , the second hole H2 and the third hole H3 of the photonic crystal panel 10b are different.

The sizes of the first holes H1, the second holes H2 and the third holes H3 are different, so that the periodic arrangement microstructure of each first photonic crystal P1, the periodic arrangement microstructure of each second photonic crystal P2 and each third photonic crystal The periodically arranged microstructures of P3 are different from each other.

In some embodiments, the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect light of different colors due to different periodic arrangement of microstructures, and the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third photonic crystal P3 The three parts 126 reflect light of different colors.

In this embodiment, the wavelength of the light reflected by the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10b changes due to external pressure or tension. The optical film 120 can be converted from opaque (reflecting visible light) to transparent (reflecting invisible light) by applying pressure or tension to the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10b.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It must be noted here that the embodiment of FIG. 6 uses the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 4 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The difference between the photonic crystal panel 10c of FIG. 6 and the photonic crystal panel 10a of FIG. 4 is that the sizes (particle diameters) of the first filling particles C1 , the second filling particles C2 and the third filling particles C3 of the photonic crystal panel 10c are different.

The sizes of the first filling particles C1, the second filling particles C2 and the third filling particles C3 are different, so that the periodic arrangement microstructure of each first photonic crystal P1, the periodic arrangement microstructure of each second photonic crystal P2, and the The periodic arrangement microstructures of the three-photonic crystal P3 are different from each other.

In some embodiments, the first photonic crystal P1 , the second photonic crystal P2 and the third photonic crystal P3 reflect light of different colors due to different periodic arrangement of microstructures, and the first part 122 , the second part 124 and the third photonic crystal P3 The three parts 126 reflect light of different colors.

In this embodiment, the wavelength of the light reflected by the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10c changes due to external pressure or tension. The optical film 120 can be converted from opaque (reflecting visible light) to transparent (reflecting invisible light) by applying pressure or tension to the optical film 120 of the photonic crystal panel 10c.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It must be noted here that the embodiment of FIG. 7 uses the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the display 1 includes a display panel 20 and a photonic crystal panel 10 . The photonic crystal panel 10 is located on the display panel 20 . In this embodiment, the display 1 further includes an outer frame 30 . The display panel 20 is disposed in the outer frame 30 , and the photonic crystal panel 10 covers the display panel 20 and the outer frame 30 .

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It must be noted here that the embodiment of FIG. 8 uses the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 7 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The difference between the display 1 a of FIG. 8 and the display 1 of FIG. 7 is that the photonic crystal panel 10 of the display 1 a does not cover the top surface of the outer frame 30 , and the photonic crystal panel 10 is disposed in the outer frame 30 .

9A is a schematic perspective view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention when the photonic crystal panel is in an open state. 9B is a schematic perspective view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention when the photonic crystal panel is in a closed circuit state.

It must be noted here that the embodiments of FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B use the element numbers and part of the content of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , wherein the same or similar numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the same technical content is omitted. illustrate. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 9A , in this embodiment, the display 1 includes a display panel 20 , a photonic crystal panel 10 and an outer frame 30 . The photonic crystal panel 10 is located on the display panel 20 , and the display panel 20 is arranged in the outer frame 30 .

In this embodiment, the surface of the outer frame 30 has a pattern 32 . When the photonic crystal panel 10 is in the open (OFF) state, the photonic crystal panel 10 reflects visible light and can display a pattern similar to the pattern 32 on the surface of the outer frame 30 (shown as a striped pattern in FIG. 9A ), thereby the photonic crystal panel 10 It is hidden in the pattern 32, and at this time, the display panel 20 is in a closed state. When the display panel 20 does not need to be used to display a picture (that is, when the display panel 20 is turned off), the photonic crystal panel 10 is kept in an open (OFF) state, thereby hiding the display panel 20 in the display 1. It can also be said that the display panel 20 is closed. It is hidden behind the photonic crystal panel 10 . In some embodiments, even if the display panel 20 is in an on state, when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in an open (OFF) state, the visible light emitted by the display panel 20 cannot or is difficult to pass through the photonic crystal panel 10 .

Referring to FIG. 9B , when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a closed circuit (ON) state, the photonic crystal panel 10 reflects invisible light, and the visible light emitted by the display panel 20 can pass through the photonic crystal panel 10 . When the display panel 20 needs to display an image (ie, when the display panel 20 is turned on), the photonic crystal panel 10 is in a closed circuit (ON) state, so that the image displayed by the display panel 20 can pass through the photonic crystal panel 10 .

The shape of the pattern 32 on the surface of the outer frame 30 and the pattern displayed when the photonic crystal panel 10 is in an open state can be adjusted according to actual needs.

To sum up, the display provided by the present invention includes an optical film, and the optical film can reflect light of different wavelengths (such as visible light and invisible light) in response to changes in pressure, so that the optical film can be used when the display panel is not required to display images. The preset pattern in occludes the display panel.

1. 1a: Display 10, 10a, 10b, 10c: Photonic crystal panels 20: Display panel 30: Outer frame 32: Pattern 100: first electrode 110: Second electrode 120: Optical film 122: Part 1 124: Part II 126: Part 3 B1: The first substrate B2: Second substrate B3: The third substrate C1: The first filling particle C2: Second Filler Particles C3: The third filler particle H: hole H1: The first hole H2: The second hole H3: The third hole P: photonic crystal P1: The first photonic crystal P2: Second Photonic Crystal P3: The third photonic crystal t1, t2, T1, T2, T3: Thickness X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, Z3: Spacing z: axis

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photonic crystal reflecting light of different wavelengths according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel of FIG. 1 when the optical film is under pressure. FIG. 3B is a schematic perspective view of the photonic crystal panel of FIG. 1 when the optical film is subjected to tensile force. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a photonic crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 9A is a schematic perspective view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention when the photonic crystal panel is in an open state. 9B is a schematic perspective view of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention when the photonic crystal panel is in a closed circuit state.

10: Photonic crystal panel

100: first electrode

110: Second electrode

120: Optical film

122: Part 1

124: Part II

126: Part 3

B1: The first substrate

B2: Second substrate

B3: The third substrate

H1: The first hole

H2: The second hole

H3: The third hole

P1: The first photonic crystal

P2: Second Photonic Crystal

P3: The third photonic crystal

t1, t2, T1: Thickness

X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, Z3: Spacing

z: axis

Claims (10)

A display, comprising: a display panel; and a photonic crystal panel on the display panel, and comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode overlapping the first electrode; and an optical film on the first electrode between the electrode and the second electrode, wherein the optical film includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion includes a plurality of first photonic crystals, and the second portion includes a plurality of second photonic crystals, wherein The periodic arrangement microstructure of each of the first photonic crystals is different from the periodic arrangement microstructure of each of the second photonic crystals, wherein the photonic crystal panel has an open circuit state and a closed circuit state, and the first electrode and the second electrode are connected. The thickness of the optical film in the open state is different from the thickness in the closed state. The display of claim 1, wherein the size of each of the first photonic crystals and each of the second photonic crystals is several micrometers to several hundreds of micrometers. The display of claim 1, wherein each of the first photonic crystals comprises a first substrate and a plurality of first holes or a plurality of first filling particles arranged in the first substrate and periodically arranged, and each The second photonic crystal includes a second substrate and a plurality of second holes or a plurality of second filling particles arranged in the second substrate and periodically arranged. The display of claim 3, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate comprise the same material. The display of claim 3, wherein the sizes of the first holes, the first filling particles, the second holes and the second filling particles are several nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers. The display of claim 1, wherein the first photonic crystals and the second photonic crystals are transparent elastomers. The display of claim 1, wherein when the optical film between the first electrode and the second electrode is in the closed circuit state, the first electrode and the second electrode comprise the same electrical property or different electrical properties . The display of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the optical film between the first electrode and the second electrode in the open state is T1, and when the first electrode and the second electrode comprise different electrical properties , the thickness of the optical film between the first electrode and the second electrode is T2, and when the first electrode and the second electrode have the same electrical properties, the thickness of the optical film between the first electrode and the second electrode is T2. The thickness of the optical film is T3, T3>T1>T2. The display of claim 1, wherein the first photonic crystals and the second photonic crystals reflect different colors of visible light in the open state, and the first photonic crystals and the second photonic crystals are in the open-circuit state. Invisible light is reflected when the circuit is closed. The display of claim 1, wherein the first electrode, the optical film and the second electrode are stacked along a direction, each of the first photonic crystals includes a plurality of first holes, and each of the second photonic crystals includes a plurality of first holes. a second hole, the size of the first holes is equal to the size of the second holes, and in the open state, the The spacing of the first holes in the direction is not equal to the spacing of the second holes in the direction.

Images