TWI757007B - Anti-rat and anti-ant , fire-resistant and firepoof cable, manufacturing method thereod and anti-rat and anti-ant , fire-resistant and firepoof composition - Google Patents
Anti-rat and anti-ant , fire-resistant and firepoof cable, manufacturing method thereod and anti-rat and anti-ant , fire-resistant and firepoof composition Download PDFInfo
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本發明涉及一種防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜、其製造方法及防鼠蟻耐燃防火組成物,特別是涉及一種包括經改質的磷酸鋯的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜。The invention relates to a rodent and ant-proof flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, a manufacturing method thereof and a rodent- and ant-proof flame-retardant and fire-proof composition, in particular to a rodent and ant-proof flame-retardant and fireproof cable comprising modified zirconium phosphate.
現有的電力電纜主要包括纜芯以及包覆纜芯的被覆層,被覆層一般採用塑膠、橡膠或熱塑性彈性體形成,難以抵禦齧齒類動物(如老鼠)啃咬和白蟻蛀蝕。對於設在戶外(如埋設在地下)的電力電纜,其被覆層更容易遭受齧齒類動物和白蟻的破壞,而一旦被覆層被破壞,內部的纜芯就會直接外露;如此一來,很容易發生短路事故,導致突然停電,嚴重時可能會造成重大安全事故與經濟損失。Existing power cables mainly include a cable core and a coating layer covering the cable core. The coating layer is generally formed of plastic, rubber or thermoplastic elastomer, which is difficult to resist rodents (such as mice) and termites. For power cables installed outdoors (such as buried underground), the coating layer is more likely to be damaged by rodents and termites, and once the coating layer is damaged, the inner cable core will be directly exposed; in this way, it is easy to A short-circuit accident occurs, resulting in a sudden power outage, which may cause major safety accidents and economic losses in severe cases.
電纜的耐燃防火性能直接關係到火災中消防用電設備能否正常啟動工作。目前國內外廣泛採用的耐火電纜主要有氧化鎂礦物絕緣電纜和雲母帶繞包耐火電纜。因此,開發抗火性能優異,加工性能好的耐燃防火的配方以及電纜己成為消防科技、民生必需的發展趨勢。The flame resistance and fire resistance of the cable is directly related to whether the fire-fighting electrical equipment can work normally in the fire. At present, the fire-resistant cables widely used at home and abroad mainly include magnesium oxide mineral insulated cables and mica tape-wrapped fire-resistant cables. Therefore, the development of fire-resistant and fire-resistant formulations and cables with excellent fire resistance and good processing performance has become the development trend of fire protection technology and people's livelihood.
本發明所要解決的技術問題在於,針對現有技術的不足提供一種陶瓷化的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramicized rodent-ant-proof, fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art.
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的其中一技術方案是提供一種防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜,其包括至少一纜芯以及一被覆層包覆至少一所述纜芯,其中,至少一所述纜芯包括一導體、包覆在所述導體外的至少一防火帶及/或包覆在所述導體外的一絕緣層,所述被覆層包括5至10重量份的阻燃劑,其特徵在於,所述阻燃劑包括一經改質的磷酸鋯。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is to provide a rodent and ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable, which includes at least one cable core and a coating layer covering at least one of the cable cores, wherein at least one cable core is The cable core includes a conductor, at least one fireproof tape wrapped outside the conductor and/or an insulating layer wrapped outside the conductor, and the covering layer includes 5 to 10 parts by weight of a flame retardant, which It is characterized in that the flame retardant comprises a modified zirconium phosphate.
較佳地,所述被覆層還包括100重量份的被覆高分子主體材料、10至20重量份的阻燃填料、0.5至6重量份的有害生物驅避劑以及5至10重量份的多功能輔助劑。Preferably, the coating layer further comprises 100 parts by weight of the coating polymer host material, 10 to 20 parts by weight of a flame retardant filler, 0.5 to 6 parts by weight of a pest repellent, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of a multifunctional adjuvant.
較佳地,所述絕緣層包括80至125重量份的絕緣高分子主體材料、80至185重量份的陶瓷化劑,10至45重量份的助熔劑、10至50重量份的阻燃劑、50至80重量份的多功能輔助劑以及0至15重量份的交聯劑。Preferably, the insulating layer comprises 80 to 125 parts by weight of insulating polymer host material, 80 to 185 parts by weight of ceramizer, 10 to 45 parts by weight of flux, 10 to 50 parts by weight of flame retardant, 50 to 80 parts by weight of multifunctional adjuvant and 0 to 15 parts by weight of crosslinking agent.
較佳地,所述阻燃劑還包括α磷酸鋯、硼酸鋅以及聚磷酸銨。Preferably, the flame retardant further includes alpha zirconium phosphate, zinc borate and ammonium polyphosphate.
較佳地,所述經改質的磷酸鋯包括一第一層狀分子結構、一第二層狀分子結構以及一插層於所述第一層狀分子結構與所述第二層狀分子結構之間的改質材料。Preferably, the modified zirconium phosphate includes a first layered molecular structure, a second layered molecular structure, and an intercalation between the first layered molecular structure and the second layered molecular structure between modified materials.
較佳地,所述改質材料是有機材料或無機材料,且選自N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、聚六亞甲基雙胍以及十二烷基二甲基芐基氯化銨所組成的群組之至少一者。Preferably, the modified material is an organic material or an inorganic material, and is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylacetamide, polyhexamethylene biguanide and dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. at least one of the formed groups.
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的另外一技術方案是提供一種防鼠蟻耐燃防火組成物,其包括:100重量份的被覆高分子主體材料、5至10重量份的阻燃劑、10至20重量份的阻燃填料、0.5至6重量份的有害生物驅避劑以及5至10重量份的多功能輔助劑。其中,所述阻燃劑包括一經改質的磷酸鋯,所述經改質的磷酸鋯包括一第一層狀分子結構、一第二層狀分子結構以及一插層於所述第一層狀分子結構與所述第二層狀分子結構之間的改質材料。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-mouse ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant composition, which comprises: 100 parts by weight of a coating polymer main material, 5 to 10 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 10 to 20 parts by weight of flame retardant filler, 0.5 to 6 parts by weight of pest repellent, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of multifunctional adjuvant. Wherein, the flame retardant includes a modified zirconium phosphate, and the modified zirconium phosphate includes a first layered molecular structure, a second layered molecular structure, and an intercalation in the first layered molecular structure. A modified material between the molecular structure and the second layered molecular structure.
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的另外再一技術方案是提供一種防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜的製造方法,其包括:提供一導體,並將一防火帶以同心圓捲繞的縱包方式或繞包方式 包覆於所述導體;形成一絕緣層包覆所述防火帶,以得到至少一纜芯;以及形成一被覆層包覆至少一所述纜芯,以得到一防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a rodent ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable, which includes: providing a conductor and wrapping a fire-proof tape in a concentric circle. The conductor is covered by the method or wrapping method; an insulating layer is formed to cover the fireproof tape to obtain at least one cable core; and a coating layer is formed to cover at least one of the cable cores to obtain an anti-mouse ant Fire-resistant and fire-resistant cables.
較佳地,形成一被覆層包覆至少一所述纜芯的步驟是包覆多條所述纜芯,且進一步以一填充物填充多條所述纜芯之間的空隙。Preferably, the step of forming a coating layer to cover at least one of the cable cores is to cover a plurality of the cable cores, and further fill the gaps between the plurality of the cable cores with a filler.
較佳地,所述防火帶是雲母帶、纖維複合帶或陶瓷化帶。Preferably, the fire protection tape is a mica tape, a fiber composite tape or a ceramic tape.
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,本發明所提供的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜、其製造方法及防鼠蟻耐燃防火組成物,其能通過“所述被覆層包括5至10重量份的阻燃劑,其特徵在於,所述阻燃劑包括一經改質的磷酸鋯”的技術方案,大幅提昇被覆層中的材料相容性及被覆層的耐燃效果。One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the rodent and ant-resistant flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, its manufacturing method, and the rodent-ant and ant-resistant flame-retardant and fire-resistant composition provided by the present invention can pass through "the coating layer comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of flame retardant. It is characterized in that the flame retardant includes a technical solution of "modified zirconium phosphate", which greatly improves the compatibility of materials in the coating layer and the flame resistance effect of the coating layer.
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與圖式,然而所提供的圖式僅用於提供參考與說明,並非用來對本發明加以限制。For a further understanding of the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed descriptions and drawings of the present invention. However, the drawings provided are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
以下是通過特定的具體實施例來說明本發明所公開有關“防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜其製造方法及防鼠蟻耐燃防火組成物”的實施方式,本領域技術人員可由本說明書所公開的內容瞭解本發明的優點與效果。本發明可通過其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用,本說明書中的各項細節也可基於不同觀點與應用,在不背離本發明的構思下進行各種修改與變更。另外,本發明的附圖僅為簡單示意說明,並非依實際尺寸的描繪,事先聲明。以下的實施方式將進一步詳細說明本發明的相關技術內容,但所公開的內容並非用以限制本發明的保護範圍。另外,本文中所使用的術語“或”,應視實際情況可能包括相關聯的列出項目中的任一個或者多個的組合。The following are specific specific examples to illustrate the embodiments disclosed in the present invention related to the "rat and ant-proof flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable and its manufacturing method and rodent-ant and ant-proof flame-retardant and fire-resistant composition". Those skilled in the art can understand the content disclosed in this specification. Advantages and Effects of the Invention. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not drawn according to the actual size, and are stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the related technical contents of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed contents are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "or", as used herein, should include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items, as the case may be.
參閱圖1並配合圖2所示,本發明第一實施例的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜Z包括至少一用以傳輸電信號的纜芯1及一包覆纜芯1的被覆層2。如圖1所示,纜芯1包括一導體11及一被覆在導體11外的絕緣層/防火帶12。較佳地,絕緣層12的厚度是1至5mm,更佳地是2至4mm。Referring to FIG. 1 in conjunction with FIG. 2 , the rodent and ant-proof flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable Z according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes at least one
如圖2所示,根據不同的用途,纜芯1的數量也可為多條(如三條或三條以上);當纜芯1的數量為多條時,在纜芯1與被覆層2之間可進一步包括以空氣充實間隙,或可包括填充物3(如各種形式的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯回收料),以保持電纜的結構完整性。除此之外,視需求地,導體11外也可先以一防火帶13(參閱圖5)包覆。As shown in FIG. 2 , according to different purposes, the number of
導體11可為多條線徑相同或不同的導線(如銅導線、其複合合金或其改性導線)以同心絞合或束絞合方式形成,導線的直徑及數量並無特殊限定,可根據電纜的規格進行選擇。The
絕緣層12的主要材料包括聚烯烴樹脂及/或矽樹脂的絕緣高分子主體材料,並進一步包括陶瓷化劑、助熔劑、阻燃劑、多功能輔助劑以及交聯劑。較佳地,絕緣層12的材料包括80至125重量份的絕緣高分子主體材料、80至185重量份的陶瓷化劑,10至45重量份的助熔劑、10至50重量份的阻燃劑、50至80重量份的多功能輔助劑以及0至15重量份的交聯劑。絕緣層12可以是使用前述材料進行押出成型而形成。然而,這些細節只是在描述纜芯1的可行的實施方案而並非用以限定本發明。The main material of the insulating
更詳細來說,陶瓷化劑包括氧化鎂、奈米雲母粉;助熔劑包括超細硼酸鋅、活性化玻璃粉及/或 矽油;阻燃劑包括:超細硼酸鋅及/或聚磷酸銨;多功能輔助劑包括鎂強粉、氧化鋅及/或鈦白粉;交聯劑包括矽烷交聯劑及/或過氧化劑;交聯劑主要為矽烷交聯劑。除此之外,絕緣層12也可包括經改質的磷酸鋯。In more detail, the ceramizer includes magnesium oxide and nanomica powder; the flux includes ultrafine zinc borate, activated glass powder and/or silicone oil; the flame retardant includes: ultrafine zinc borate and/or ammonium polyphosphate; Multifunctional auxiliary agents include magnesium powder, zinc oxide and/or titanium dioxide; cross-linking agents include silane cross-linking agents and/or peroxides; cross-linking agents are mainly silane cross-linking agents. Besides, the insulating
詳細來說,絕緣層12的絕緣高分子主體材料可使用聚烯烴樹脂及/或矽樹脂材料的混合材料,可以是80至125重量份的聚烯烴樹脂搭配0至25重量份的矽樹脂材料,或80至100重量份的矽樹脂材料搭配0至25重量份的聚烯烴樹脂。矽樹脂材料分子結構中具有Si-N-Si鍵或Si-O-Si鍵,提供較佳的阻水阻氣、耐高溫、耐化學腐蝕、耐磨耗和耐侯性能,能夠提高電纜對戶外環境的耐受力,即提高電纜的戶外環境適應性。Specifically, the insulating polymer main material of the insulating
更進一步地,矽樹脂材料在電絕緣性和 陶瓷化率、成瓷強度等方面具有優勢,但由於其成本較高,應用範圍和用量不大。聚烯烴的成本較低,應用範圍較大,使用適合的矽烷偶聯劑即可與矽樹脂材料具有良好的相容性,以聚烯烴或與矽樹脂材料搭配使用,可補充成本及效能與成本平衡之缺口。Furthermore, silicone resin materials have advantages in electrical insulation, ceramization rate, and ceramic strength, etc., but due to their high cost, their application scope and dosage are not large. The cost of polyolefin is low and the application range is wide. The use of suitable silane coupling agent can have good compatibility with silicone resin materials. When used in combination with polyolefin or silicone resin materials, it can supplement the cost, performance and cost. Balance gap.
被覆層2包括被覆高分子主體材料、阻燃填料、經改質的磷酸鋯阻燃劑、有害生物驅避劑以及多功能輔助劑。較佳地,被覆層2包括100重量份的被覆高分子主體材料、10至20重量份的阻燃填料、5至10重量份的經改質的磷酸鋯阻燃劑、0.5至6重量份的有害生物驅避劑以及5至10重量份的多功能輔助劑。The
具體來說,被覆層2的被覆高分子主體材料是聚烯烴樹脂、低煙無鹵材料(Low-Smoke-Free-Halogen, LSFH) 或熱塑性彈性體或聚氯乙烯(PVC),舉例而言,聚烯烴樹脂如:聚乙烯(PE)、乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、三元乙丙橡膠(EPDM)、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc),聚乙烯(PE)又更細分為線性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE),較佳是低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯。Specifically, the coating polymer main material of the
更詳細來說,被覆層2的阻燃劑包括一經改質的磷酸鋯,視需求更進一步包括α磷酸鋯、硼酸鋅以及聚磷酸銨。In more detail, the flame retardant of the
參閱圖3A至圖3B,本發明的經改質的磷酸鋯可以是經有機材料或無機材料改質,如圖3A本發明所選用的磷酸鋯是層狀結構,其至少包括第一層狀分子結構501以及第二層狀分子結構502,視情況進一步包括多層狀分子結構,如第三層狀分子結構503,如圖3B所示,改質材料600插層於第一層狀分子結構501以及第二層磷酸鋯502之間,及第二層狀分子結構502與第三層狀分子結構503之間,藉由插層改質增加結構的網狀交聯,提高結構穩定性,更提供較佳的阻燃效果且能與其它阻燃劑產生協同效果。Referring to FIGS. 3A to 3B , the modified zirconium phosphate of the present invention can be modified by organic materials or inorganic materials. As shown in FIG. 3A , the selected zirconium phosphate of the present invention is a layered structure, which at least includes a first layered molecule The
更進一步來說,改質材料600可以是有機材料或無機材料,舉例而言,可以是N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、聚六亞甲基雙胍、十二烷基二甲基芐基氯化銨、六氯環三磷腈(hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene,HCCTP)、六苯氧基環三磷腈(Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene,HTCTP)、双氰胺(dicyandiamide,DICY)或其它陽離子界(表)面活劑,如溴化十六烷基三甲銨(hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,CTAB)。視需求,層狀結構的磷酸鋯可以是α型態的磷酸鋯(α-ZrP)或經甲胺改性的甲胺-磷酸鋯前軀體。改質後α-ZrP 其層狀結構能更發揮隔熱抑煙作用,且促進炭的生成同時增加了炭層的熱穩定性,提供更佳的阻燃抑煙作用。Furthermore, the modified
更詳細來說,一般未經改質的磷酸鋯與高分子主體材料的相容性較差、無法均勻分散,則導致整體的耐燃效果無法達到預期。通過使用胺類、烷類插層改質,可提高磷酸鋯與高分子主體材料的相容性,可使磷酸鋯片層材料均勻分散在高分子主體材料中並可提高物性強度,因此,本發明使用經有機、無機材料插層改質的磷酸鋯,以大幅提昇及相容性及兼顧耐燃效果與物性強度。In more detail, generally, the unmodified zirconium phosphate has poor compatibility with the polymer host material and cannot be uniformly dispersed, resulting in an unpredictable overall flame resistance effect. By using amine and alkane intercalation modification, the compatibility of zirconium phosphate and the polymer host material can be improved, the zirconium phosphate sheet material can be uniformly dispersed in the polymer host material, and the physical strength can be improved. The invention uses zirconium phosphate modified by intercalation of organic and inorganic materials, so as to greatly improve the compatibility and take into account the flame resistance effect and physical strength.
此外,磷酸鋯的分解溫度大於345℃,高於天然抗菌劑,具有較佳的熱穩定性,可適用高溫加工,更具有良好的環境耐受性,適用於多數高、低溫,高濕度易發黴的環境,且無抗藥性、效果也更持久,可大幅減緩細菌與黴菌的侵蝕被覆層2。In addition, the decomposition temperature of zirconium phosphate is higher than 345°C, which is higher than that of natural antibacterial agents. It has better thermal stability, can be applied to high temperature processing, and has good environmental tolerance. environment, and has no drug resistance, and the effect is longer lasting, which can greatly slow down the erosion of the coating layer by bacteria and mold2.
於本發明的一具體實施例中,使用十二烷基二甲基芐基氯化銨作為改質材料,插層於α磷酸鋯層結構之間,此經改質的磷酸鋯顯示出長效抗菌性能,針對大腸桿菌、金色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌濃度分別為800mg/L、 100 mg/L,最低殺菌濃度分別為1000 mg/L、 150mg/L,顯示良好的抗菌活性,且此經改質的磷酸鋯熱分解溫度大於345℃,具有優秀的熱穩定性。然而,本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is used as the modified material, which is intercalated between the α zirconium phosphate layer structure, and the modified zirconium phosphate shows long-term performance. Antibacterial properties, the minimum inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 800 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations were 1000 mg/L and 150 mg/L, respectively, showing good antibacterial activity. The thermal decomposition temperature of high-quality zirconium phosphate is higher than 345 °C, and it has excellent thermal stability. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
於本發明的另一具體實施例中,使用甲胺將磷酸鋯層間距撐開,得到甲胺-磷酸鋯前軀體,再使用季鏻鹽作為改質材料,插層於甲胺-磷酸鋯之間此經改質的磷酸鋯顯示出優異的抗菌和阻燃效果,且性能穩定、長效。然而,本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, methylamine is used to spread the zirconium phosphate interlayer spacing to obtain a methylamine-zirconium phosphate precursor, and then a quaternary phosphonium salt is used as a modified material to intercalate between methylamine-zirconium phosphate. During this time, the modified zirconium phosphate showed excellent antibacterial and flame retardant effects, and the performance was stable and long-lasting. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
除此之外,經改質的磷酸鋯不僅提供前述功效,經改質的磷酸鋯與聚磷酸銨在阻燃劑組成物中更可提昇高分子主體材料的碳化質量與數量,可使材料密度更加緊實致密,提昇被覆層2的阻燃效果。In addition, the modified zirconium phosphate not only provides the aforementioned functions, but the modified zirconium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate in the flame retardant composition can also improve the carbonization quality and quantity of the polymer host material, which can increase the density of the material. It is more compact and dense, and the flame retardant effect of the
另一方面,阻燃填料主要是氫氧化鎂(MTH)以及氫氧化鋁(ATH)。阻燃劑中的硼酸鋅為超細硼酸鋅,例如粒徑介於0.5至1.5μm的超細硼酸鋅,超細硼酸鋅與阻燃填料的氫氧化鋁之間也存在協效作用。On the other hand, the flame retardant fillers are mainly magnesium hydroxide (MTH) and aluminum hydroxide (ATH). The zinc borate in the flame retardant is ultrafine zinc borate, such as ultrafine zinc borate with a particle size of 0.5 to 1.5 μm. There is also a synergistic effect between the ultrafine zinc borate and the aluminum hydroxide of the flame retardant filler.
多功能輔助劑包括α磷酸鋯、有機改質磷酸鋯、鎂強粉(滑石粉)、氧化鋅、鈦白粉(二氧化鈦)。磷酸鋯、鎂強粉與超細硼酸鋅本身皆具有良好的熱穩性,在組成物使用時更能提供協同作用,強化其等與高分子主體材料的楊氏模數,及其熱穩定性,有效提昇阻燃效果,使陶瓷化程度更高,更可取代大部份抗氧化劑功能,因而無須額外添加抗氧化劑。Multifunctional auxiliary agents include alpha zirconium phosphate, organically modified zirconium phosphate, magnesium strong powder (talc), zinc oxide, titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide). Zirconium phosphate, magnesium powder and ultra-fine zinc borate all have good thermal stability, and can provide synergy when the composition is used, strengthen the Young's modulus of the polymer host material, and their thermal stability. , effectively improve the flame retardant effect, make the degree of ceramicization higher, and can replace most of the antioxidant functions, so there is no need to add additional antioxidants.
更進一步地,有害生物驅避劑主要包含一辣味成分以及一苦味成分。辣味成分與苦味成分會剌激感官,如生物受體接受器、神經傳導系統等。辣味成分可為天然成分,例如辣椒素及其類似物,且優選為辣椒素;作為辣椒素的類似物,可舉出二氫辣椒素、降二氫辣椒素、高二氫辣椒素及高辣椒素。辣味成分也可通過人工合成得到,且優選為N-香草基壬醯胺(N-vanillylnonanamide,Nonivamide)。Further, the pest repellent mainly contains a spicy component and a bitter component. Spicy and bitter components stimulate the senses, such as biological receptors, nerve conduction systems, etc. The spicy ingredient may be a natural ingredient, such as capsaicin and its analogs, and preferably capsaicin; as the analog of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, and high capsaicin can be exemplified White. The spicy component can also be obtained by artificial synthesis, and is preferably N-vanillylnonanamide (N-vanillylnonanamide, Nonivamide).
另外,苦味成分可為苯甲地那銨(denatonium benzoate)。從使用效果和長效性方面考量,辣味成分可包含10 wt%至30 wt%的辣椒素和二氫辣椒素的其中之一,優選為二氫辣椒素,以及70 wt%至90 wt%的N-壬酸香草醯胺。然而,本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。值得說明的是,相較於二氫辣椒素,辣椒素的分子結構中含有雙鍵,會比較容易被光分解。In addition, the bitter component may be denatonium benzoate. From the viewpoint of use effect and long-term effect, the spicy ingredient may contain 10 wt% to 30 wt% of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, preferably dihydrocapsaicin, and 70 wt% to 90 wt% of N-Nonanoate vanillamide. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples. It is worth noting that, compared with dihydrocapsaicin, the molecular structure of capsaicin contains double bonds, which are easier to be decomposed by light.
在本實施例中,以有害生物驅避劑的總重為100 wt%計,辣味成分的含量可為10 wt%至20 wt%,例如11 wt%、12 wt%、13 wt%、14 wt%、15 wt%、16 wt%、17 wt%、18 wt%或19 wt%;苦味成分的含量可為10 wt%至50 wt%,例如15 wt%、20 wt%、25 wt%、30 wt%、35 wt%、40 wt%或45 wt%。當使用辣椒素作為辣味成分時,辣椒素可以微膠囊的形式存在於被覆層2中,即被覆層2中具有多個均勻分佈的辣椒素微膠囊(圖未示);作為微膠囊的材料,可舉出聚氯乙烯、聚烯烴如聚乙烯及乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate),EVA)。藉此,能夠防止辣椒素遷移至被覆層2表面析出,以及被水分夾帶出被覆層2,以確保辣椒素的使用效果。In this embodiment, based on the total weight of the pest repellent being 100 wt %, the content of the spicy ingredient may be 10 wt % to 20 wt %, for example, 11 wt %, 12 wt %, 13 wt %, 14 wt % wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt% or 19 wt%; the content of bitter ingredients may be 10 wt% to 50 wt%, such as 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt% or 45 wt%. When capsaicin is used as a spicy ingredient, capsaicin can exist in the
值得注意的是,有害生物驅避劑對有害生物的驅避效果至少包括:1. 辣椒素發出刺激性氣味,使老鼠及其他有害生物(如白蟻)不敢接近電纜;2. 當老鼠及其他齧齒動物啃咬電纜時,辣椒素能帶給其灼燒感和刺痛感,使其感到不適而厭棄對電纜啃蝕;3. 當老鼠及其他齧齒動物啃咬電纜時,會感受到苯甲地那銨帶來的強烈苦味而厭棄對電纜啃蝕。此外,當配合使用辣味成分與苦味成分時,對一些因先天感知障礙的齧齒動物,例如無法感知苦味味覺,仍然能起到有效的防範作用。此外,在苦味成分的存在下,可以減少辣味成分的使用量,因此有害生物驅避劑對人無刺激性。It is worth noting that the repellent effects of pest repellents on pests include at least: 1. Capsaicin emits a pungent odor, making mice and other harmful organisms (such as termites) afraid to approach the cable; 2. When mice and other When rodents gnaw on the cable, capsaicin can give them a burning and tingling sensation, making them feel uncomfortable and reluctant to gnaw on the cable; 3. When mice and other rodents gnaw on the cable, they will feel benzene The strong bitter taste brought by denatonium is repugnant to the cable gnawing. In addition, when the spicy ingredients and bitter ingredients are used together, it can still play an effective preventive role in some rodents with innate sensory impairments, such as the inability to perceive bitter taste. In addition, in the presence of the bitter ingredient, the amount of the spicy ingredient used can be reduced, so the pest repellent is not irritating to humans.
在一些實施例中,有害生物驅避劑可包含一防蟲成分,當電纜遭白蟻蛀蝕時,會接觸到防蟲成分而中毒死亡;以有害生物驅避劑的總重為100 wt%計,防蟲劑的含量可為0.5 wt%至5 wt%,且優選為1 wt%至3 wt%。作為有害生物驅避劑的防蟲成分,可舉出:除蟲菊精(Pyrethrum或Pyrethrin)、百滅寧(Permethrin)、亞烈寧(Allethrin)、治滅寧(Tetramethrin)、第滅寧(Deltamethrin)、賽滅寧(Cymerthrin)及芬化利(Fenvalerate)。然而,本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。In some embodiments, the pest repellent may include an insect repellent component. When the cable is eaten by termites, it will contact the insect repellent component and be poisoned and die; based on the total weight of the pest repellent being 100 wt %, The content of the insect repellent may be 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%, and preferably 1 wt% to 3 wt%. Examples of insect repellent ingredients for pest repellents include: pyrethrum (Pyrethrum or Pyrethrin), Permethrin, Allethrin, Tetramethrin, Dimenin ( Deltamethrin), Cymerthrin and Fenvalerate. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
在一些實施例中,有害生物驅避劑可包含一涼感成分,以加強辣椒素的使用效果,即涼感成分產生的清涼作用對於辣椒素引起的灼燒感有加乘作用。以有害生物驅避劑的總重為100 wt%計,涼感成分的含量可為0.5 wt%至5 wt%,且優選為1 wt%至3 wt%。涼感成分可為薄荷醇或其衍生物;作為薄荷醇衍生物,可舉出:乳酸薄荷醇酯(menthyl lactate)、薄荷酮甘油縮酮(menthone-glycerol ketal)、琥珀酸單薄荷酯(monomethyl succinate)及對薄荷烷-3,8-二醇(p-menthane-3,8-diol)。然而,本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。In some embodiments, the pest repellent may include a cooling sensation component to enhance the use effect of capsaicin, that is, the cooling effect produced by the cooling sensation component has a synergistic effect on the burning sensation caused by capsaicin. The content of the cooling sensation component may be 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%, and preferably 1 wt% to 3 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the total weight of the pest repellent. The cooling sensation component may be menthol or a derivative thereof; examples of the menthol derivative include menthyl lactate, menthone-glycerol ketal, and monomethyl succinate ) and p-menthane-3,8-diol. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
參閱圖4,並配合圖5所示,本發明另提供一種防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜的製造方法,其包括:S100提供一導體11(如銅、合金銅、石墨烯改性銅、鋁、銅鋁合金等) ,可使用多條導線以束絞或複絞的方式結合,並將一防火帶13(雲母帶、纖維複合帶或陶瓷化帶),以同心圓捲繞的縱包方式或繞包方式包覆於所述導體11;S200形成一絕緣層12包覆所述防火帶13,以得到至少一纜芯1;S300形成一被覆層2包覆至少一所述纜芯1。Referring to FIG. 4 , and in conjunction with FIG. 5 , the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a mouse and ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable, which includes: S100 providing a conductor 11 (such as copper, alloyed copper, graphene-modified copper, aluminum, copper, etc.) Aluminum alloy, etc.), a plurality of wires can be combined in a bundled or multiple twisted manner, and a fireproof tape 13 (mica tape, fiber composite tape or ceramic tape) is wound in a concentric longitudinal wrapping method or winding Covering the
除此之外,S300也可以是包覆多條所述纜芯,並以填充物填充多條纜芯之間的空隙(如圖2所示)。Besides, S300 can also coat a plurality of the cable cores, and fill the gaps between the plurality of cable cores with fillers (as shown in FIG. 2 ).
具體來說,導體可以是銅、合金銅、石墨烯改性銅、鋁、銅鋁合金等材料。防火帶可以是雲母帶、纖維複合帶或陶瓷化帶,或是防火帶也可以是與絕緣層相同配方的設計,雲母帶可以是合成雲母帶和天然雲母帶,由於雲母的耐溫最高為1300℃,且纖維複合帶的耐溫最高能達到2000℃以上,因此可在一段時間內阻擋火勢入侵纜芯1內部。陶瓷化帶為聚烯烴或矽橡膠與高效成瓷材料混合的防火帶,可在高溫500℃後開始陶瓷化,並於一定時間內燒結成殼成為絕緣體。Specifically, the conductor can be copper, alloyed copper, graphene-modified copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum alloy and other materials. The fireproof tape can be mica tape, fiber composite tape or ceramic tape, or the fireproof tape can also be designed with the same formula as the insulating layer. The mica tape can be synthetic mica tape and natural mica tape, because the temperature resistance of mica is up to 1300. ℃, and the maximum temperature resistance of the fiber composite tape can reach more than 2000 ℃, so it can prevent fire from invading the inside of the
[實施例的有益效果][Advantageous effects of the embodiment]
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,本發明所提供的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜、其製造方法及防鼠蟻耐燃防火組成物,其能通過“所述被覆層包括5至10重量份的阻燃劑,其特徵在於,所述阻燃劑包括一經改質的磷酸鋯”的技術方案,大幅提昇被覆層中的材料相容性及被覆層的耐燃效果。One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the rodent and ant-resistant flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, its manufacturing method, and the rodent-ant and ant-resistant flame-retardant and fire-resistant composition provided by the present invention can pass through "the coating layer comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of flame retardant. It is characterized in that the flame retardant includes a technical solution of "modified zirconium phosphate", which greatly improves the compatibility of materials in the coating layer and the flame resistance effect of the coating layer.
更進一步來說,本發明通過“所述經改質的磷酸鋯包括經改質的磷酸鋯包括一第一層狀分子結構、一第二層狀分子結構以及一插層於所述第一層狀分子結構與所述第二層狀分子結構之間的改質材料”提供優異的熱穩定性,相較於現有技術,一般未經改質的磷酸鋯本身層與層距離近或沒有分開導致與高分子主體材料的相容性較差、無法均勻分散,則導致整體的耐燃效果不佳,本發明使用經有機、無機材料插層改質的磷酸鋯具有更大層距並可製造出一阻隔空間,使得燃燒時通過層與層之間的間距,大幅降低熱經物質傳導,以大幅提昇及相容性及耐燃效果。Further, the present invention passes through "the modified zirconium phosphate includes modified zirconium phosphate including a first layered molecular structure, a second layered molecular structure, and an intercalation in the first layer. The modified material "between the lamellar molecular structure and the second layered molecular structure" provides excellent thermal stability. Compared with the prior art, generally the unmodified zirconium phosphate itself has a close or no separation between layers, resulting in The compatibility with the polymer main material is poor and cannot be uniformly dispersed, resulting in poor overall flame resistance. The present invention uses the zirconium phosphate modified by the intercalation of organic and inorganic materials, which has a larger interlayer distance and can create a barrier space , so that the distance between the layers during combustion greatly reduces the heat conduction through the material, so as to greatly improve the compatibility and flame resistance.
除此之外,經改質的磷酸鋯更可減緩細菌與黴菌的侵蝕被覆層,具有良好的抗菌活性。In addition, the modified zirconium phosphate can slow down the erosion of the coating layer by bacteria and mold, and has good antibacterial activity.
再者,經改質的磷酸鋯與聚磷酸銨在阻燃劑組成物中更可提昇高分子主體材料的碳化質量與數量,提昇被覆層2的阻燃效果,在本發明特定的組成物中,更提供協同作用,強化組成物配方材料與高分子主體材料的楊氏模數,及其熱穩定性,有效提昇阻燃效果,使陶瓷化程度更高,更可取代大部份抗氧化劑功能,因而無須額外添加抗氧化劑。In addition, the modified zirconium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate in the flame retardant composition can further improve the carbonization quality and quantity of the polymer main material, and improve the flame retardant effect of the
以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例,並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍,所以凡是運用本發明說明書及圖式內容所做的等效技術變化,均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。The contents disclosed above are only preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent technical changes made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. within the scope of the patent.
Z:防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜 1:纜芯 11:導體 12:絕緣層/防火帶 13:防火帶 2:被覆層 3:填充物 501:第一層狀分子結構 502:第二層狀分子結構 503:第三層狀分子結構 600:改質的材料 Z: anti-mouse ant fire-resistant fire-resistant cable 1: cable core 11: Conductor 12: Insulation layer/Fireproof tape 13: Fire belt 2: coating layer 3: Filler 501: The first layered molecular structure 502: Second layered molecular structure 503: The third layered molecular structure 600: Modified material
圖1為本發明的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜一結構剖面示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the rodent and ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable according to the present invention.
圖2為本發明的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜另一結構示意圖。FIG. 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the rodent-ant and fire-resistant fire-resistant cable according to the present invention.
圖3A為本發明的磷酸鋯層狀結構的示意圖。3A is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the zirconium phosphate of the present invention.
圖3B為本發明的磷酸鋯層狀結構經改質插層的示意圖。3B is a schematic diagram of the modified intercalation of the zirconium phosphate layered structure of the present invention.
圖4為本發明的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜的製造方法的流程圖。Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the manufacturing method of the rodent-ant-proof fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable of the present invention.
圖5為本發明的防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜再一結構示意圖。FIG. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the rodent and ant fire-resistant and fire-resistant cable according to the present invention.
Z:防鼠蟻耐燃防火電纜 Z: anti-mouse ant fire-resistant fire-resistant cable
1:纜芯 1: cable core
11:導體 11: Conductor
12:絕緣層/防火帶 12: Insulation layer/Fireproof tape
2:被覆層 2: coating layer
Claims (9)
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CN101781463A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 浙江元通线缆制造有限公司 | Fire-resistant silicon rubber and preparation method thereof and cable |
US20130334477A1 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2013-12-19 | Kaneka Corporation | Flame-retardant resin composition |
CN105761839A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-13 | 东莞市民兴电缆有限公司 | High-flexibility fireproof cable and preparation method thereof |
CN106467638A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-03-01 | 梁卫清 | A kind of anti-ant environment-friendlycable cable isolation flame retardant insulation material |
CN108641277A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-12 | 项赛飞 | A kind of high-performance charging pile cable thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-12-23 TW TW109145670A patent/TWI757007B/en active
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CN101781463A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 浙江元通线缆制造有限公司 | Fire-resistant silicon rubber and preparation method thereof and cable |
US20130334477A1 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2013-12-19 | Kaneka Corporation | Flame-retardant resin composition |
CN106467638A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-03-01 | 梁卫清 | A kind of anti-ant environment-friendlycable cable isolation flame retardant insulation material |
CN105761839A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-13 | 东莞市民兴电缆有限公司 | High-flexibility fireproof cable and preparation method thereof |
CN108641277A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-12 | 项赛飞 | A kind of high-performance charging pile cable thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and preparation method thereof |
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