TWI750825B - Antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna system is provided. The antenna element includes a ground plane, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a first ground unit and a second ground unit. The ground plane includes a first side and a second side. The first ground unit and the ground plane jointly form a first closed loop. The physical length of the first ground unit matches the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal to provide grounding of the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal. The second ground unit forms a second closed loop and is connected to the first ground unit. The physical length of the second ground unit is greater than the physical length of the first ground unit. The sum of the physical length of the second ground unit and the physical length of the first ground unit matches the first low-frequency signal and the second low-frequency signal to jointly provide the grounding of the first low-frequency signal and the second low-frequency signal.

Description

Antenna system

This case is about an antenna system, especially an antenna system that utilizes the decoupling effect of the ground wire to achieve isolation.

With the advancement of wireless communication technology, the demand for data transmission volume has also increased. To meet the huge data transmission volume, the wireless communication system uses the antenna system architecture of the Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) system. Realize wireless data transmission. In a MIMO system, two or more antenna structures will transmit different signals respectively, but poor antenna isolation will cause mutual interference between the antennas, resulting in signal loss and reducing the system transmission rate.

According to the traditional antenna design, the distance between the two antennas needs to be at least greater than a certain distance so that the antennas do not interfere with each other, so as to achieve good antenna isolation. However, the current electronic devices tend to be miniaturized. For example, mobile communication handheld devices and wearable devices reduce the size of the electronic device based on the user's good experience, thereby limiting the space where the antenna can be installed. Keeping at least a certain distance, the antenna isolation is relatively poor, mutual interference occurs between the antennas, and the transmission quality is thus degraded.

In some embodiments, an antenna system includes a ground plane, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a first ground unit, and a second ground unit. The ground plane includes a first side and a second side, the first antenna unit is connected to the first side, the first antenna unit is used to receive and transmit the first high frequency signal and the first low frequency signal, and the second antenna unit connected to the second side, the second antenna unit is used to receive and transmit the second high frequency signal and the second low frequency signal, the closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the first side, and the other closed end of the first ground unit The second side is connected to form a first closed loop together with the ground plane. The physical length of the first ground unit matches the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency signal, so as to provide the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency The signal is grounded, the second grounding unit forms a second closed loop, the second grounding unit is connected to the first grounding unit, the physical length of the second grounding unit is greater than the physical length of the first grounding unit, wherein the physical length of the second grounding unit is the same as the first grounding unit. The sum of the physical lengths of a grounding unit matches the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal, and the second grounding unit and the first grounding unit jointly provide the grounding of the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal.

In some embodiments, an antenna system includes a ground plane, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a first ground unit, and a second ground unit. The ground plane includes a first side and a second side, the first antenna unit is connected to the first side, the first antenna unit is used to receive and transmit the first high frequency signal and the first low frequency signal, and the second antenna unit connected to the second side, the second antenna unit is used to receive and transmit the second high frequency signal and the second low frequency signal, the closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the first side, and the other closed end of the first ground unit The second side is connected to form a closed loop of the first ground unit together with the ground plane. The physical length of the first ground unit is matched with the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency signal, so as to provide the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency signal. The two high-frequency signals are grounded, the second ground unit forms a closed loop of the second ground unit, the second ground unit is connected to the first ground unit, and the physical length of the second ground unit is smaller than that of the first ground unit, wherein the second ground unit is The sum of the physical length of the unit and the physical length of the first ground unit matches the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal, and the second ground unit and the first ground unit jointly provide the ground of the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 shows an antenna system utilizing the decoupling effect of the ground wire to achieve isolation. The antenna system includes two antenna units supporting dual-frequency signals (hereinafter referred to as the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 respectively), and two ground units (hereinafter referred to as the first ground unit 41 and the second antenna unit 2 respectively). Two ground units 42) and ground plane 3. The ground plane 3 includes a first side S1 and a second side S2, the first antenna unit 1 is connected to the first side S1 and grounded, and the second antenna unit 2 is connected to the second side S2 and grounded.

The first ground unit 41 includes two closed ends E1 and E2. The closed end E1 is connected to the first side S1, and the closed end E2 is connected to the second side S2. Therefore, the first ground unit 41 is connected to the first side S1 and the second side S2. A closed loop (hereinafter referred to as a first closed loop) is formed between the side edges S2. The second grounding unit 42 is connected to the first grounding unit 41, the physical length of the second grounding unit 42 is greater than the physical length of the first grounding unit 41, and the second grounding unit 42 alone forms another closed loop (hereinafter referred to as the second closed loop ). The first ground unit 41 and the second ground unit 42 can further provide grounding for the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 .

In detail, the first antenna unit 1 can receive and transmit a high frequency signal (hereinafter referred to as a first high frequency signal), and the first antenna unit 1 can receive and transmit a low frequency signal (hereinafter referred to as a first low frequency signal) , there is a first coupling distance G1 between the first antenna unit 1 and the ground units 41 and 42 . Based on the first high-frequency signal, the physical length of the first grounding unit 41 matches the first high-frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop matches the first high-frequency signal, that is, the physical length of the first grounding unit 41 is substantially the same as the first high-frequency signal. Compared with the original grounding of the first antenna unit 1 , the first grounding unit 41 can further provide the grounding of the first high-frequency signal at the 1/4 wavelength distance of a high-frequency signal. And, based on the first low frequency signal, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 41 and the physical length of the second ground unit 42 matches the first low frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop and the second closed loop are matched to the first low frequency together The signal, that is, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 41 and the physical length of the second ground unit 42 is substantially the 1/4 wavelength distance of the first low-frequency signal, and the first ground unit 41 and the second ground unit 42 can share the same The first low frequency signal ground is further provided.

The second antenna unit 2 can receive and transmit high frequency signals (hereinafter referred to as second high frequency signals), and the second antenna unit 2 can receive and transmit low frequency signals (hereinafter referred to as second low frequency signals). There is a second coupling distance G2 between the second antenna unit 2 and the ground units 41 and 42 . Based on the second high-frequency signal, the physical length of the first ground unit 41 matches the second high-frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop matches the second high-frequency signal, that is, the physical length of the first ground unit 41 is substantially the same as the second high-frequency signal. Compared with the original grounding of the second antenna unit 2, the first grounding unit 41 can further provide the grounding of the second high-frequency signal at the 1/4 wavelength distance of the two high-frequency signals. Moreover, based on the second low frequency signal, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 41 and the physical length of the second ground unit 42 also matches the second low frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop and the second closed loop also match the first closed loop. The two low-frequency signals, that is, the sum of the physical length of the first grounding unit 41 and the physical length of the second grounding unit 42 is substantially a 1/4 wavelength distance of the second low-frequency signal. The first grounding unit 41 and the second grounding unit 42 The second low frequency signal ground may be further provided together.

In another embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the antenna system according to the present application. The difference between the antenna system of FIG. 2 and the antenna system of FIG. 1 is that FIG. 2 illustrates a first ground unit 51 and a second ground unit 52 , and the physical length of the first ground unit 51 is greater than that of the second ground unit 52 . In detail, the first ground unit 51 includes two closed ends E1 and E2. The closed end E1 is connected to the first side S1, and the closed end E2 is connected to the second side S2. Therefore, the first ground unit 51 is connected to the first side S2. A closed loop (hereinafter referred to as a first closed loop) is formed between S1 and the second side S2. The second grounding unit 52 is connected to the first grounding unit 51, the physical length of the second grounding unit 52 is smaller than the physical length of the first grounding unit 51, and the second grounding unit 52 alone forms another closed loop (hereinafter referred to as the second closed loop ). The first ground unit 51 and the second ground unit 52 can further provide grounding for the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 .

There is a third coupling distance G3 between the first antenna unit 1 and the ground units 51 and 52 . Based on the first high-frequency signal, the physical length of the first grounding unit 51 matches the first high-frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop matches the first high-frequency signal, that is, the physical length of the first grounding unit 51 is substantially the same as the first high-frequency signal. Compared with the original grounding of the first antenna unit 1 , the first grounding unit 51 can further provide the grounding of the first high-frequency signal at a 1/4 wavelength distance of a high-frequency signal. In addition, based on the first low frequency signal, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 51 and the physical length of the second ground unit 52 matches the first low frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop and the second closed loop together match the first low frequency The signal, that is, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 51 and the physical length of the second ground unit 52 is substantially the 1/4 wavelength distance of the first low-frequency signal, and the first ground unit 51 and the second ground unit 52 can share the same The first low frequency signal ground is further provided.

There is a fourth coupling distance G4 between the second antenna unit 2 and the ground units 51 and 52 . Based on the second high frequency signal, the physical length of the first ground unit 51 matches the second high frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop also matches the second high frequency signal, that is, the physical length of the first ground unit 51 is substantially Compared with the original grounding of the second antenna unit 2, the first grounding unit 51 can further provide grounding for the second high-frequency signal at the 1/4 wavelength distance of the second high-frequency signal. In addition, based on the second low frequency signal, the sum of the physical length of the first ground unit 51 and the physical length of the second ground unit 52 also matches the second low frequency signal, that is, the first closed loop and the second closed loop also match the first closed loop. The two low-frequency signals, that is, the sum of the physical length of the first grounding unit 51 and the physical length of the second grounding unit 52 is substantially the 1/4 wavelength distance of the second low-frequency signal. The first grounding unit 51 and the second grounding unit 52 The second low frequency signal ground may be further provided together.

Based on this, when the antenna units 1 and 2 are excited by the feed signal, the first ground units 41 and 51 and the second ground units 42 and 52 are additionally provided, and the first ground units 41 and 51 and the second ground units 42 are additionally provided. , 52 can further provide the grounding of the antenna units 1 and 2 when sending and receiving high-frequency and low-frequency signals, so that the distance between the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 is small and will not interfere with each other, so that the antenna The system has good antenna isolation, thus maintaining good transmission quality of the antenna system.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the ground plane 3 includes at least two plural sides, wherein, among the plural sides, adjacent first sides S1 and second sides S2 are formed between adjacent first sides S1 and S2. An included angle A1, the included angle A1 may be an included angle less than 180 degrees, that is, the first side S1 and the second side S2 intersect but are not in a straight line. In some embodiments, the first side S1 of the ground plane 3 may be perpendicular to the second side S2 , and the first side S1 and the second side S2 intersect and form an included angle A1 of 90 degrees.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the closed ends E1 of the first ground units 41 and 51 are connected to the first side S1 , and the closed ends E2 are connected to the second side S2 , in other words, the first The grounding units 41 and 51 are arranged on the opposite angle that has the same vertex as the included angle A1 and is complementary to the included angle A1 as a circle (360-degree angle), and the closed ends E1 and E2 are respectively connected to the two sides of the opposite angle. That is, the first side S1 and the second side S2. The second ground units 42, 52 are connected to the first ground units 41, 51, and the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 are perpendicular along the first projection direction D1 parallel to the first side S1 During projection, the vertical projections of the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 at least partially overlap the first antenna unit 1; when the second antenna unit 2 is vertically projected along the first projection direction D1 , the vertical projection of the second antenna unit 2 does not overlap with the first antenna unit 1 . On the other hand, when the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 are vertically projected along the second projection direction D2 parallel to the second side S2, the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units At least a part of the vertical projections of the units 42 and 52 overlap the second antenna unit 2; when the first antenna unit 1 is vertically projected along the second projection direction D2, the vertical projection of the first antenna unit 1 does not overlap. Two antenna units 2 .

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 , length L1 may be 2.25 millimeters (mm), length L2 may be 3.5 mm, length L3 may be 5.25 mm, length L4 may be 3.5 mm, length L5 may be 8.05 mm, L6 can be 9.25mm, length L7 can be 9.8mm, length L8 can be 7.25mm, length L9 can be 10mm, length L10 can be 15.5mm, length L11 can be 11.25mm, length L12 can be 10.5mm, length L13 can be The length of the first coupling distance G1, the second coupling distance G2, the third coupling distance G3, and the fourth coupling distance G4 may be 5 mm to 10 mm.

In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a reflection loss diagram of the antenna system of FIG. 1 at various operating frequencies. Among them, the curve a represents the first antenna unit 1, the curve b represents the second antenna unit 2, and the curve c represents the antenna isolation (isolation) of the antenna interference indicator. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the first antenna unit The high frequency operating bands of 1 and the second antenna unit 2 may be distributed in 5-6 GHz, while the low frequency operating bands are distributed in 2.4-2.5 GHz, respectively.

In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 5 to FIG. 8 in combination. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are respectively the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 of the antenna system according to FIG. 1 when the low frequency operating frequency band is 2.45 GHz. 7 and 8 are the radiation fields generated by the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 of the antenna system according to FIG. 1 when the high frequency operating frequency band is 5.5 GHz. Among them, the maximum gain of the radiation pattern in Fig. 5 can be 2.57 dBi, and the efficiency can be 55.66%; the maximum gain of the radiation pattern in Fig. 6 can be 0.71 dBi, and the efficiency can be 59.27%; Fig. The maximum gain of the radiation pattern of Figure 7 can be 2.62 dBi, and the efficiency can be 60.33%; the maximum gain of the radiation pattern of Figure 8 can be 3.58 dBi, and the efficiency can be 61.41%. According to FIG. 5-FIG. 8, it can be known that the antenna system provided with the grounding units 41 and 42 has excellent radiation field energy, maximum gain and efficiency value. Therefore, setting the grounding unit in the antenna system can effectively isolate the complex antenna elements. Therefore, the overall reception quality of the antenna system is enhanced.

In some embodiments, the first grounding units 41, 51 and the second grounding units 42, 52 can be of any geometric shape, wherein, when the space for the antenna system in the electronic device is limited, the first grounding units 41, 52 can be added by adding the first grounding unit 41, 51 and the partial widths of the second ground units 42, 52 to shorten the length of the closed loop of the first ground units 41, 51 (that is, to shorten the distance between the closed end E1 and the closed end E2 of the first ground units 41, 51 length) and the length of the closed loop of the second grounding units 42 and 52. In detail, the first grounding units 41 , 51 and the second grounding units 42 and 52 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively exemplified by a square, and the protruding portion 411 is disposed at a right angle of the first grounding unit 41 . The protruding portions 421 are disposed at four right angles of the second grounding unit 42 , the protruding portions 511 are disposed at three right angles of the first grounding unit 51 , and the protruding portions 521 are disposed at one right angle of the second grounding unit 52 . Based on this, when the space where the antenna system is installed in the electronic device is limited, the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 can provide the first ground through the protruding parts 411, 421, 511, 521 with increased widths The units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 are grounded for high-frequency or low-frequency signals, so that the antenna unit can continuously provide the overall good reception quality of the antenna system when sending and receiving high-frequency or low-frequency signals.

In some embodiments, the antenna system may be printed on a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board; PCB), the first antenna unit 1 , the second antenna unit 2 , the first ground units 41 , 51 and the second ground unit 42 , 52 may be metal traces on the printed circuit board, the first antenna unit 1, the second antenna unit 2, the first ground units 41, 51 and the second ground units 42, 52 may be conductive materials ( Silver, copper, aluminum, iron or their alloys), the ground plane 3 can be the metal casing of the electronic device used in the antenna system or the common ground of the electronic components of the electronic device. In some embodiments, the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 may be designed as Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA).

To sum up, according to an embodiment of the antenna system of the present application, the two antenna units can be installed without being limited by the size of the electronic device. At least a specific distance, the antenna system can provide high-frequency or low-frequency signal grounding according to the grounding unit, so that the antenna unit can maintain good antenna isolation when sending and receiving high-frequency or low-frequency signals, and can avoid the occurrence of too close the distance between the antenna units. Therefore, the good transmission quality of the antenna system is enhanced, and the manufacturing cost of the electronic device is also saved because the volume of the electronic device is kept small.

Although this case has been disclosed with the above examples, it is not intended to limit this case. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this case. Therefore, the protection scope of this case is The scope of the patent application attached herewith shall prevail.

1: The first antenna unit 2: Second Antenna Unit 3: Ground plane 41: The first ground unit 411: Projection 42: Second ground unit 421: Projection 51: First ground unit 511: Projection 52: Second ground unit 521: Projection E1: closed end E2: closed end A1: Included angle S1: first side S2: Second side G1: The first coupling distance G2: Second coupling pitch G3: The third coupling spacing G4: Fourth coupling pitch D1: The first projection direction D2: The second projection direction L1: length L2: length L3: length L4: length L5: length L6: length L7: length L8: length L9: length L10: Length L11: length L12: length L13: length L14: Length a: curve b: curve c: curve

[FIG. 1] is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna system according to the present application. [FIG. 2] is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the antenna system according to the present application. [FIG. 3] is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the size of the antenna system of FIG. 1. [FIG. [FIG. 4] is a reflection loss diagram of an embodiment of the antenna system of FIG. 1 at various operating frequencies. FIG. 5 is a radiation pattern diagram formed by an embodiment of the first antenna unit of the antenna system of FIG. 1 . FIG. 6 is a radiation pattern diagram formed by an embodiment of the second antenna unit of the antenna system of FIG. 1 . FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern diagram formed by another embodiment of the first antenna unit of the antenna system of FIG. 1 . FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern diagram formed by another embodiment of the second antenna unit of the antenna system of FIG. 1 .

1: The first antenna unit

2: Second Antenna Unit

3: Ground plane

41: The first ground unit

411: Projection

42: Second ground unit

421: Projection

E1: closed end

E2: closed end

A1: Included angle

S1: first side

S2: Second side

G1: The first coupling distance

G2: Second coupling pitch

D1: The first projection direction

D2: The second projection direction

Claims (10)

An antenna system, comprising: a ground plane including a first side and a second side; a first antenna unit connected to the first side, the first antenna unit is used for receiving and transmitting a first a high frequency signal and a first low frequency signal; a second antenna unit connected to the second side, the second antenna unit is used for receiving and sending a second high frequency signal and a second low frequency signal; a A first ground unit, one closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the first side, and the other closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the second side, so as to form a first closed end together with the ground plane a loop, the physical length of the first ground unit matches the wavelength distance of the first high frequency signal and the wavelength distance of the second high frequency signal, so as to provide the grounding of the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency signal; and A second grounding unit forms a second closed loop, the second grounding unit is connected to the first grounding unit, and the physical length of the second grounding unit is greater than the physical length of the first grounding unit; wherein, the second grounding unit The sum of the physical length of the first ground unit and the physical length of the first ground unit matches the wavelength distance of the first low frequency signal and the wavelength distance of the second low frequency signal. The second ground unit and the first ground unit jointly provide the first ground unit. The low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal are grounded. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein an included angle between the first side and the second side is less than 180 degrees. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the first side is perpendicular to the second side. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first ground unit and the second ground unit overlap the first antenna unit along a vertical projection parallel to a first projection direction of the first side. The antenna system of claim 4, wherein the first ground unit and the second ground unit overlap the second antenna unit along a vertical projection parallel to a second projection direction of the second side, The first projection direction is perpendicular to the second projection direction. An antenna system, comprising: a ground plane including a first side and a second side; a first antenna unit connected to the first side, the first antenna unit is used for receiving and transmitting a first a high frequency signal and a first low frequency signal; a second antenna unit connected to the second side, the second antenna unit is used for receiving and sending a second high frequency signal and a second low frequency signal; a a first ground unit, one closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the first side, and the other closed end of the first ground unit is connected to the second side, so as to form the first ground together with the ground plane The closed loop of the unit, the physical length of the first ground unit matches the wavelength distance of the first high frequency signal and the wavelength distance of the second high frequency signal, so as to provide the first high frequency signal and the second high frequency signal grounding; and a second grounding unit, forming a closed loop of the second grounding unit, the second grounding unit is connected to the first grounding unit, and the physical length of the second grounding unit is smaller than the physical length of the first grounding unit; Wherein, the sum of the physical length of the second ground unit and the physical length of the first ground unit matches the wavelength distance of the first low frequency signal and the wavelength distance of the second low frequency signal. The grounding unit jointly provides the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal to ground. The antenna system of claim 6, wherein an included angle between the first side and the second side is greater than zero degrees. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the first side is perpendicular to the second side. The antenna system of claim 6, wherein the first ground unit and the second ground unit overlap the first antenna unit along a vertical projection parallel to a first projection direction of the first side. The antenna system of claim 9, wherein the first ground unit and the second ground unit overlap the second antenna unit along a vertical projection parallel to a second projection direction of the second side, The first projection direction is perpendicular to the second projection direction.

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