TWI750551B - Thermal cracking furnace and method of operating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention operates in a thermal cracking furnace, one end of the hot furnace body is provided with a furnace mouth, a heating chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a door plate is installed outside the furnace mouth of the furnace body. There are a plurality of electric heating pipes, and the door plate closes and seals the furnace mouth and then thermally cracks the waste, which includes the following steps: placing the waste to be thermally cracked into the furnace heating chamber; After the door is closed to seal the furnace mouth, the air extraction device is activated to extract the air from the sealed heating chamber to form a vacuum-like state and continue to be pumped. In the heating process of thermal cracking, the waste gas generated by heating and cracking waste is discharged through the pipeline through the air extraction device. The temperature of the thermal cracking process is controlled between 600°C and 750°C according to the type of waste for thermal cracking; After the waste gas is subjected to the oil-water separation procedure, the regenerated oil accumulation procedure is carried out to recover the oil products.

Description

Thermal cracking furnace operation method and device

The invention relates to an operation method and device of a thermal cracking furnace, mainly referring to a method that can heat wastes such as wires, plastics, circuit boards or waste batteries to a certain high temperature for combustion and cracking, and at the same time, the exhaust gas discharged is evacuated by vacuum. The operation method and device are used to carry out operations such as oil-water separation and filtration, and then recover high-purity recovered oil and carbon black, and at the same time purify the exhaust gas.

With the evolution of society, various kinds of wires, cables, plastics, circuit boards and aluminum foil packs are continuously produced in the society. After mass production of such products, a large amount of waste will be generated after being used. However, this The characteristics of different types of waste materials cannot be naturally decomposed. Taking circuit boards as an example, according to previous statistics, the world produces about 500 million tons of electronic waste every year, and it is growing rapidly at an annual growth rate of 13%. The total amount of waste plastics is also If it is not handled properly, it will not only seriously pollute the natural environment and cause a large loss of resources, but the heavy metals in it will also cause great harm to the environment and human health.

The various types of wires, cables, plastics, circuit boards and aluminum foil packs mentioned above have developed various waste recycling technologies, among which thermal cracking technology is currently the most effective and fundamental solution to organic solid waste. Solve the pollution problem of organic solid waste such as waste plastics, and can produce new energy. The thermal cracking reaction is that in an oxygen-deficient environment and heating state, the huge molecular chains of organic waste substances are cut off and cracked into low molecular chains. The oil and gas are then condensed and separated to obtain high value-added recovered oil, carbon black, metals and other resource substances. The degree of cracking varies at different temperatures and under different conditions. In the same way, the products produced are also different, and different products can be obtained under corresponding conditions for use, or the maximum heat energy recovery can be obtained.

However, after the recycled materials are recycled, a considerable proportion of the recycled products still have a gap between the quality of the original products and the quality of the recycled products. Therefore, the recycling efficiency of such recycled products cannot be improved, which is also another level of problem. Therefore, how to improve the quality of recycled materials such as recycled oil, carbon black, and metals is also an important technical issue to be overcome.

The main feature of the present invention is that it operates in a thermal cracking furnace, one end of the furnace body of the thermal cracking furnace is provided with a furnace mouth, a heating chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a door plate is installed outside the furnace mouth of the furnace body, and the door plate can be opened or closed. Outside the furnace mouth, a plurality of electric heating tubes are arranged in the heating chamber. The door plate closes and seals the furnace mouth and then thermally cracks the waste. The process includes the following steps: a feeding step, placing the waste to be thermally cracked into the furnace heating chamber. ; Airtight gas extraction step, the waste is placed in the furnace heating chamber, and after the door plate is closed and sealed, the furnace mouth is closed, and the gas extraction device is activated to extract the gas from the sealed heating chamber, forming a vacuum-like state and continuous gas extraction; heating; In the pyrolysis step, during the gas extraction process in the heating chamber of the furnace body, the electric heating tube is turned on to heat the heating chamber for thermal cracking. The temperature is controlled between 600°C and 750°C for thermal cracking according to the type of waste; the waste gas is discharged to carry out the oil-water separation procedure, and then the regenerated oil accumulation procedure is carried out to recover the oil.

Another main feature of the present invention is to have a thermal cracking furnace device, the device mainly includes a hollow furnace body, one end of the furnace body is provided with a furnace mouth, the furnace body is provided with a heating chamber, the heating chamber can place waste, and the furnace body A door plate is installed outside the furnace mouth, which can seal the furnace mouth during the closing process, and a plurality of electric heating pipes are arranged in the heating chamber. After the door plate closes and seals the furnace mouth, the heating process of thermal cracking is carried out. A gas extraction device is installed above the furnace body and a pipeline is connected, so as to discharge the waste gas generated by heating and cracking the waste.

10: Thermal cracking furnace

101: Furnace mouth

102: Heating room

103: Orbit

11: Door panel

12: Electric heating tube

13: Railcar

20: Condensing device

30: Oil storage device

40: Air filter device

41: Combustion device

42: Dust fall device

43: Washing device

AF: Airflow

CA: Clean Air

EG: waste gas

OA: Oil and Gas

P: Pipeline

S1: Feeding step

S2: Airtight pumping step

S3: thermal cracking step

S4: oil-water separation step

S5: oil storage step

S6: Purification step

S61: Combustion step

S62: Dust fall step

S63: washing step

S64: Exhaust Step

Fig. 1 is a step diagram showing the operation method of a thermal cracking furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal cracking furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3: is a schematic diagram of a thermal cracking device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The thermal cracking furnace operation method and device of the present invention are mainly aimed at improving the thermal cracking furnace device and operation mode so as to obtain higher purity recovered oil and carbon black. Please refer to the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 . The step diagram of the operation method of the thermal cracking furnace, the operation steps of the present invention mainly include the feeding step S1, the airtight pumping step S2, the thermal cracking step S3, the oil-water separation step S4, the oil storage step S5 and the gas purification step S6, wherein the airtight step S6 The gas extraction step S2 affects the oil and gas quality after thermal cracking.

Referring again to the schematic structural diagram of the thermal cracking furnace of the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 , in order to facilitate the thermal cracking of the feed and the reclaiming after the thermal cracking is completed, a thermal cracking furnace 10 is provided, wherein the thermal cracking furnace 10 is provided. 10 is an orbital hollow furnace body. The thermal cracking furnace 10 is provided with a furnace opening 101 at one end of the furnace body. In this preferred embodiment, the thermal cracking furnace 10 is provided with a furnace opening 101 at both ends of the furnace body. A heating chamber 102 is arranged in the body, a pair of rails 103 are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a door plate 11 is arranged outside the furnace mouth 101 of the furnace body. The door plate 11 is pivotally connected to the furnace body at the furnace mouth 101 to connect the door plate 11 It can be opened or closed outside the furnace mouth 101, wherein the door panel 11 can be sealed outside the furnace mouth 101 during the closing stroke, and there is a sufficient distance from the furnace mouth 101 during the opening stroke to provide the rail car 13 to pass in and out, and the rail car 13 is Can be one or more The platform is connected to the track 103 that enters the furnace body, and is placed on the platform to place various waste products such as wires, cables, plastics, circuit boards and aluminum foil packages to be thermally cracked. A plurality of electric heating pipes 12 are arranged in the ring at a suitable heating position, so that the rail car 13 is moved to the heating chamber 102 in the furnace body, and the door plate 11 is closed to seal the furnace mouth 101 and heated around the rail car 13 to perform a heating process of thermal cracking, and Above the furnace body, an air extraction device is installed and a pipeline P is connected, so as to discharge the waste gas EG generated by heating and cracking the waste.

Please refer to the schematic diagram of the thermal cracking device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 3 , and the overall thermal cracking device of the present invention further includes a thermal cracking furnace 10 connected to a condensing device 20 by a pipeline P, and the condensing device 20 connects the pipeline After the waste gas EG introduced from the thermal cracking furnace 10 is condensed to carry out the oil-water separation process, the oil and gas OA after the oil-water separation is exported through the pipeline P, and the condensing device 20 is connected to an oil storage device 30 by the pipeline P. The oil and gas OA after the oil-water separation enters the oil storage device 30 through the pipeline P and then undergoes a regenerated oil accumulation procedure to recover oil products. In this preferred embodiment, the regenerated oil refers to reusable oil products such as heavy oil or fuel oil. , the oil storage device 30 is connected to the rear air filter device 40 by the pipeline P, wherein the air filter device 40 is serially connected to the combustion device 41, the dust removal device 42 and the washing device 43 by the pipeline P in sequence, and the oil storage device 30 After the regenerated oil accumulation procedure, the exhaust air AF is reburned through the aforementioned combustion device 41 through the pipeline P, the dust removal device 42 separates the dust, and the washing device 43 is rinsed to discharge clean air CA that meets the regulations.

The operation method of the thermal cracking furnace of the present invention further has the following features: the feeding step S1: placing one or more of them on the track of various types of wires, cables, plastics, circuit boards, aluminum foil bags and other waste products to be thermally cracked The cart 13 enters the furnace heating chamber 102 .

Step S2 of airtight air extraction: the rail car 13 enters the furnace heating chamber 102, and after the door panel 11 is closed and sealed the furnace mouth 101, the air extraction device is activated to extract the gas in the sealed heating chamber 102 to form a vacuum-like state and keep pumping.

Heating and cracking step S3: During the process of gas extraction in the furnace heating chamber 102, the electric heating pipe 12 is turned on to heat around the rail car 13 in the heating chamber 102 for the heating process of thermal cracking. The generated waste gas EG is discharged, and the temperature of the thermal cracking process is controlled at 600 degrees Celsius according to the type of waste. ~750. Thermal cracking is carried out during the process, and high-purity carbon black can be obtained from the waste after the thermal cracking process.

Oil-water separation step S4: The condensing device 20 condenses the waste gas EG introduced from the thermal cracking furnace 10 by the pipeline P to perform the oil-water separation process, and then exports the oil and water OA after the oil-water separation through the pipeline P.

Oil storage step S5 : the oil and gas OA separated from oil and water enters the oil storage device 30 through the pipeline P, and then performs a regenerated oil accumulation procedure to recover oil products.

Purification step S6: the air flow AF discharged from the oil storage device 30 after the regenerated oil accumulation process passes through the pipeline P through the combustion device 41 to carry out the combustion step S61, the dust reduction device 42 to carry out the dust reduction Step S62 to separate the dust and the washing device 43 to wash After flushing in step S63, clean air is exhausted through exhausting step S64.

To sum up, in the present invention, the rail car 13 enters the furnace heating chamber 102 through the airtight air extraction step S2, and after the door panel 11 is closed and sealed to the furnace mouth 101, the air extraction device is activated to remove the gas in the sealed heating chamber 102. At this time, the waste gas EG generated by the heating process of heating and thermal cracking in the furnace body heating chamber 102 in the thermal cracking step S3 has higher purity oil and gas than the waste gas generated by traditional simple thermal cracking after oil and water separation. Purity, the obtained oil has higher purity, and the quality of carbon black obtained after thermal cracking of waste is also good, which is an important effect. The application requirements are to file a patent application in accordance with the law.

10: Thermal cracking furnace

101: Furnace mouth

102: Heating room

103: Orbit

11: Door panel

12: Electric heating tube

13: Railcar

EG: waste gas

P: Pipeline

Claims (6)

A method for operating a thermal cracking furnace, mainly operating in a thermal cracking furnace (10), a furnace opening (101) is provided at one end of a furnace body of the thermal cracking furnace (10), a heating chamber (102) is arranged in the furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a furnace opening (101). The furnace mouth (101) is provided with a door plate (11), the door plate (11) can be opened or closed outside the furnace mouth (101), the heating chamber (102) is provided with a plurality of electric heating pipes (12), the door plate (11) can be opened or closed outside the furnace mouth (101). (11) After the furnace mouth (101) is closed and sealed, the waste is thermally cracked, which includes the following steps: a feeding step (S1), placing the waste to be thermally cracked into the furnace heating chamber (102), wherein the A pair of rails (103) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and one or more rail cars (13) are connected to the rails (103) entering the furnace body to move on, and all kinds of electric wires and wires to be thermally cracked are placed on the car platform. Waste products such as cables, plastics, circuit boards and aluminum foil bags; in the airtight extraction step (S2), the waste is placed in the furnace heating chamber (102), and after the door panel (11) is closed and sealed the furnace mouth (101) , start the air extraction device to extract the gas in the sealed heating chamber (102), form a vacuum-like state and continue to pump; the heating and cracking step (S3) is turned on during the gas extraction process in the furnace heating chamber (102). The electric heating pipe (12) is moved in the heating chamber (102) on the rail car (13) to the heating chamber (102) in the furnace body, and the door plate (11) is closed and sealed at the furnace mouth (101) and then around the rail car (13) In the heating process of heating and pyrolysis, the exhaust gas (EG) generated by heating and cracking waste is discharged through the pipeline (P) through the air extraction device. The temperature of the pyrolysis process is controlled at 600°C ~ 600°C according to the type of waste. Thermal cracking is carried out between 750°; waste gas (EG) is discharged to carry out oil-water separation process, and then regenerated oil accumulation process is carried out to recover oil products. The method for operating a thermal cracking furnace according to claim 1, wherein the door plate (11) is pivotally connected to the furnace mouth (101), so that the door plate (11) can be opened or closed outside the furnace mouth (101). The operation method of a thermal cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal cracking furnace (10) is connected to a condensing device (20) with a pipeline (P) for discharging waste gas (EG) to perform an oil-water separation process, The condensing device (20) is then connected to an oil storage device (30) through a pipeline (P) to perform a regenerated oil accumulation procedure to recover oil products. The method for operating a thermal cracking furnace according to claim 4, wherein the oil storage device (30) is connected to the rear air filter device (40) by a pipeline (P) for cleaning the exhaust air. A thermal cracking furnace device is a hollow thermal cracking furnace (10), one end of the furnace body is provided with a furnace mouth (101), the furnace body is provided with a heating chamber (102), and waste can be placed in the heating chamber (102) A door plate (11) is provided outside the furnace mouth (101) of the furnace body, and a pair of rails (103) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body for the rail cars (13) to be connected to the rails (103) in the furnace body by one or more sets. On the platform of the rail car (13), various waste products such as wires, cables, plastics, circuit boards and aluminum foil packages can be placed on the platform to be thermally cracked, so that the rail car (13) can be moved to the heating chamber (102) in the furnace body. ), the door plate (11) can seal the furnace mouth (101) during the closing stroke, a plurality of electric heating pipes (12) are arranged in the heating chamber (102), and the door plate (13) is moved to the furnace body in the rail car (13). (11) After closing and sealing the furnace mouth (101), the heating process of thermal cracking is performed in the heating chamber (102) around the rail car (13), and an air extraction device is installed above the furnace body and is connected to a pipeline (P ), so as to discharge the waste gas (EG) produced by heating and cracking the waste. The thermal cracking furnace device according to claim 6, wherein the door plate 11 is pivotally connected to the furnace mouth (101), so that the door plate (11) can be opened or closed outside the furnace mouth (101).

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