TWI743900B - Package structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Package structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI743900B TWI743900B TW109124926A TW109124926A TWI743900B TW I743900 B TWI743900 B TW I743900B TW 109124926 A TW109124926 A TW 109124926A TW 109124926 A TW109124926 A TW 109124926A TW I743900 B TWI743900 B TW I743900B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JWVAUCBYEDDGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Bi] JWVAUCBYEDDGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000969 tin-silver-copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020922 Sn-Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910008783 Sn—Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
- H01L23/3107—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed
- H01L23/3114—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed the device being a chip scale package, e.g. CSP
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
- H01L21/561—Batch processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
- H01L21/568—Temporary substrate used as encapsulation process aid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/482—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body
- H01L23/485—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body consisting of layered constructions comprising conductive layers and insulating layers, e.g. planar contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/11—Manufacturing methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structures Or Materials For Encapsulating Or Coating Semiconductor Devices Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種封裝結構及其製作方法,且特別是有關於一種晶圓級(Wafer level)的封裝結構及其製作方法。The present invention relates to a packaging structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly relates to a wafer level (Wafer level) packaging structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
一般來說,開窗型球格陣列(window-type BGA,WBGA)封裝結構的基板具有貫穿上、下表面的窗口,其中晶片透過黏晶層設置在基板上且覆蓋窗口,晶片透過設置在窗口內的打線(如金線)而與基板電性連接。由於晶片的尺寸較大,因此封裝膠體無法經由基板的窗口流至下模具,且於下模具中也易產生膠體氣泡/孔洞/未完全填滿的現象。再者,封裝程序時,因結構而導致模流不穩定,也容易使金線倒塌,進而導致短路的問題產生。此外,也因為晶片的尺寸較大,因此易導致整體封裝結構產生翹曲(warpage)。Generally speaking, the substrate of a window-type BGA (WBGA) package structure has windows penetrating through the upper and lower surfaces, wherein the chip is placed on the substrate through the die-bonding layer and covers the window, and the chip is placed on the window through The inner wire (such as gold wire) is electrically connected to the substrate. Due to the large size of the chip, the packaging glue cannot flow to the lower mold through the window of the substrate, and the glue bubbles/holes/incomplete filling phenomenon are also easily generated in the lower mold. Furthermore, during the packaging process, the mold flow is unstable due to the structure, and the gold wire is easily collapsed, which in turn leads to the problem of short circuit. In addition, because of the large size of the chip, it is easy to cause warpage of the overall package structure.
本發明提供一種封裝結構,無基板、窗口及黏晶層的設計,可具有較薄的封裝厚度及較佳的結構可靠度。The present invention provides a package structure without a substrate, window and die-bonding layer design, which can have a thinner package thickness and better structural reliability.
本發明還提供一種封裝結構的製作方法,用以製作上述的封裝結構。The present invention also provides a manufacturing method of the packaging structure for manufacturing the above-mentioned packaging structure.
本發明的封裝結構,其包括一晶片、一重配置線路層、多個導電體、一封裝膠體以及多個銲球。晶片具有相對的一主動面與一背面及連接主動面與背面的一周圍表面且包括多個接墊。主動面區分為一中央區及位於中央區兩側旁的兩周邊區,而接墊位於中央區。重配置線路層配置於晶片的主動面上且包括多條線路及多個連接墊。連接墊位於晶片的周邊區上。線路連接於接墊與部分連接墊。導電體分別配置於連接墊上。封裝膠體覆蓋重配置線路層並填充於導電體之間,且至少暴露出每一導電體的一下表面。銲球配置於封裝膠體外,且與導電體電性連接。The packaging structure of the present invention includes a chip, a reconfiguration circuit layer, a plurality of conductors, a packaging glue and a plurality of solder balls. The chip has an active surface and a back surface opposite to each other, and a peripheral surface connecting the active surface and the back surface, and includes a plurality of pads. The active surface is divided into a central area and two peripheral areas located on both sides of the central area, and the pads are located in the central area. The reconfiguration circuit layer is disposed on the active surface of the chip and includes a plurality of circuits and a plurality of connection pads. The connection pads are located on the peripheral area of the chip. The circuit is connected to the connecting pad and part of the connecting pad. The conductors are respectively arranged on the connection pads. The encapsulant covers the reconfiguration circuit layer and fills between the conductors, and at least exposes the lower surface of each conductor. The solder balls are arranged outside the packaging compound and are electrically connected to the conductors.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的每一導電體包括一金屬柱或一金屬球。In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the aforementioned conductors includes a metal pillar or a metal ball.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的金屬柱的材質包括銅、銀、錫或其他高導電性材料。In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the metal pillars mentioned above includes copper, silver, tin or other highly conductive materials.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的金屬球的材料包括錫(Sn)、無鉛焊錫、錫銦(Sn-In)、錫鉛(Sn-Pb)、錫鉍(Sn-Bi)或錫銀銅(Sn-Ag-Cu)。In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the aforementioned metal ball includes tin (Sn), lead-free solder, tin-indium (Sn-In), tin-lead (Sn-Pb), tin-bismuth (Sn-Bi), or tin-silver Copper (Sn-Ag-Cu).
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝膠體覆蓋晶片的周圍表面。封裝膠體具有相對的一頂面以及一底面。封裝膠體的頂面切齊於晶片的背面。封裝膠體的底面切齊於每一導電體的下表面。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned packaging glue covers the peripheral surface of the chip. The packaging glue has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other. The top surface of the packaging compound is cut flush with the back surface of the chip. The bottom surface of the encapsulating body is cut flush with the bottom surface of each conductive body.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝結構更包括一附加封裝膠體以及一附加重配置線路層。附加封裝膠體覆蓋晶片的背面以及封裝膠體。附加封裝膠體的一附加底面切齊於封裝膠體的底面。附加重配置線路層配置於封裝膠體的底面以及附加封裝膠體的附加底面上,且位於銲球與導電體之間。附加重配置線路層電性連接導電體與銲球。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned packaging structure further includes an additional packaging compound and an additional reconfiguration circuit layer. The additional packaging glue covers the backside of the chip and the packaging glue. An additional bottom surface of the additional packaging glue is cut flush with the bottom surface of the packaging glue. The additional reconfiguration circuit layer is configured on the bottom surface of the packaging glue and the additional bottom surface of the additional packaging glue, and is located between the solder balls and the conductor. The additional reconfiguration circuit layer electrically connects the conductor and the solder balls.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝結構更包括一附加封裝膠體,具有相對的一附加頂面以及一附加底面。附加封裝膠體覆蓋晶片的周圍表面。部分重配置線路層延伸出晶片的主動面,並且配置於附加封裝膠體的附加底面上。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned packaging structure further includes an additional packaging compound having an additional top surface and an additional bottom surface opposite to each other. The additional packaging glue covers the surrounding surface of the chip. The partially reconfigured circuit layer extends out of the active surface of the chip and is arranged on the additional bottom surface of the additional packaging compound.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝膠體覆蓋附加封裝膠體的附加頂面以及晶片的背面。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned packaging glue covers the additional top surface of the additional packaging glue and the back surface of the chip.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的晶片包括一動態隨機存取記憶體。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned chip includes a dynamic random access memory.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝膠體具有多個側面,而晶片的周圍表面至封裝膠體的每一側面之間的一水平間距相同。此水平間距為阻擋水氣的最短距離。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned encapsulant has a plurality of sides, and a horizontal distance between the peripheral surface of the chip and each side of the encapsulant is the same. This horizontal distance is the shortest distance to block water vapor.
本發明的封裝結構的製作方法,其包括以下步驟。提供一晶圓,且晶圓包括多個晶片。每一晶片具有相對的一主動面與一背面及連接主動面與背面的一周圍表面且包括多個接墊。主動面區分為一中央區及位於中央區兩側旁的兩周邊區,而接墊位於中央區。形成一重配置線路層於晶圓上。重配置線路層位於每一晶片的主動面上且包括多條線路及多個連接墊。連接墊位於每一晶片的周邊區上。線路連接於接墊與部分連接墊。形成多個導電體分別於連接墊上。對晶圓進行一第一次單體化程序,以形成多個晶片單元。每一晶片單元包括每一晶片、位於每一晶片的主動面上的重配置線路層以及導電體。對晶片單元進行一封裝程序,以使一封裝膠體覆蓋每一晶片的周圍表面及重配置線路層,且至少暴露出每一導電體的一下表面。形成多個銲球於封裝膠體外,其中銲球與導電體電性連接。對封裝膠體進行一第二次單體化程序,以形成具有銲球的多個封裝結構。The manufacturing method of the package structure of the present invention includes the following steps. A wafer is provided, and the wafer includes a plurality of chips. Each chip has an active surface and a back surface opposite to each other, and a peripheral surface connecting the active surface and the back surface, and includes a plurality of pads. The active surface is divided into a central area and two peripheral areas located on both sides of the central area, and the pads are located in the central area. A reconfiguration circuit layer is formed on the wafer. The reconfiguration circuit layer is located on the active surface of each chip and includes a plurality of circuits and a plurality of connection pads. The connection pads are located on the peripheral area of each chip. The circuit is connected to the connecting pad and part of the connecting pad. A plurality of conductive bodies are formed on the connection pads respectively. A first singulation process is performed on the wafer to form a plurality of chip units. Each chip unit includes each chip, a reconfiguration circuit layer on the active surface of each chip, and a conductor. A packaging process is performed on the chip unit, so that a packaging glue covers the peripheral surface of each chip and reconfigures the circuit layer, and at least exposes the lower surface of each conductor. A plurality of solder balls are formed outside the packaging body, wherein the solder balls are electrically connected to the conductor. A second singulation process is performed on the packaging compound to form a plurality of packaging structures with solder balls.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的形成導電體於連接墊上的方法包括電鍍法或化學鍍沉積法或金屬貼合蝕刻法或迴銲植球法。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned method of forming a conductive body on the connection pad includes an electroplating method, an electroless plating deposition method, a metal bonding etching method, or a reflow soldering ball method.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的每一導電體包括一金屬柱或一金屬球。In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the aforementioned conductors includes a metal pillar or a metal ball.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的金屬柱的材質包括一銅或其他高導電性材料。In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the metal pillars mentioned above includes copper or other highly conductive materials.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的金屬球的材質包括一錫(Sn)、無鉛焊錫、錫銦(Sn-In)、錫鉛(Sn-Pb)、錫鉍(Sn-Bi)或錫銀銅(Sn-Ag-Cu)。In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the aforementioned metal ball includes tin (Sn), lead-free solder, tin-indium (Sn-In), tin-lead (Sn-Pb), tin-bismuth (Sn-Bi) or tin Silver copper (Sn-Ag-Cu).
在本發明的一實施例中,上述對晶片單元進行封裝程序的步驟包括:提供具有一黏著層的一載板。將晶片單元透過黏著層而定位於載板上。黏著層位於每一晶片的背面與載板之間。形成一封裝材料層於載板上。封裝材料層覆蓋晶片單元以及黏著層。對封裝材料層進行一研磨程序,以暴露出每一導電體的下表面,而形成封裝膠體。In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing the packaging process on the chip unit includes: providing a carrier with an adhesive layer. The chip unit is positioned on the carrier board through the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is located between the back of each chip and the carrier. A packaging material layer is formed on the carrier. The packaging material layer covers the chip unit and the adhesive layer. A grinding process is performed on the packaging material layer to expose the lower surface of each conductor to form a packaging gel.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的於形成銲球於封裝膠體外之後,且進行第二次單體化程序之前,移除黏著層與載板,而暴露出每一晶片的背面。In an embodiment of the present invention, after the solder balls are formed outside the package body and before the second singulation process, the adhesive layer and the carrier are removed to expose the backside of each chip.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝膠體填充於導電體之間。封裝膠體具有相對的一頂面以及一底面。封裝膠體的頂面切齊於晶片的背面。封裝膠體的底面切齊於每一導電體的下表面。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned encapsulant is filled between the conductors. The packaging glue has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other. The top surface of the packaging compound is cut flush with the back surface of the chip. The bottom surface of the encapsulating body is cut flush with the bottom surface of each conductive body.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的晶片包括一動態隨機存取記憶體。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned chip includes a dynamic random access memory.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的封裝膠體具有多個側面,而晶片的周圍表面至封裝膠體的每一側面之間的一水平間距相同。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned encapsulant has a plurality of sides, and a horizontal distance between the peripheral surface of the chip and each side of the encapsulant is the same.
基於上述,在本發明的封裝結構的設計中,導電體配置於重配置線路層的連接墊上,而晶片的接墊可透過重配置線路層及導電體與銲球電性連接,且封裝膠體覆蓋重配置線路層並填充於導電體之間,且封裝膠體至少暴露出導電體的下表面。藉此,本發明的封裝結構無須習知基板、窗口及黏晶層的設計,可透過封裝膠體來取代基板,以保護及支撐晶片。再者,因為本發明的封裝結構無窗口的設計,因此單位面積封裝可容許最大晶片,意即可有效利用空間最大化。此外,因為材料與界面的簡化,因此本發明的封裝結構除了可具有較佳的訊號傳遞效果之外,也具有薄化設計,可具有較薄的封裝厚度。Based on the above, in the design of the package structure of the present invention, the conductors are arranged on the connection pads of the reconfiguration circuit layer, and the pads of the chip can be electrically connected to the solder balls through the reconfiguration circuit layer and the conductors, and the packaging gel is covered The circuit layer is reconfigured and filled between the conductors, and the encapsulant at least exposes the lower surface of the conductors. Thereby, the packaging structure of the present invention does not need to be known in the design of the substrate, the window and the die bonding layer, and the substrate can be replaced by the packaging glue to protect and support the chip. Furthermore, because of the windowless design of the package structure of the present invention, the package per unit area can tolerate the largest chip, which means that the effective use of space can be maximized. In addition, due to the simplification of materials and interfaces, the package structure of the present invention can not only have a better signal transmission effect, but also has a thinner design and can have a thinner package thickness.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
圖1A至圖1I是依照本發明的一實施例的一種封裝結構的製作方法的示意圖。為了方便說明起見,圖1A中繪示有局部放大的俯視圖,而圖1B中繪示有局部放大的立體圖,且圖1C至圖1I中以剖面圖來表示。1A to FIG. 1I are schematic diagrams of a manufacturing method of a package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the convenience of description, FIG. 1A shows a partially enlarged top view, and FIG. 1B shows a partially enlarged perspective view, and FIGS. 1C to 1I are shown as cross-sectional views.
關於本實施例的封裝結構的製作方法,首先,請參考圖1A,提供一晶圓10,其中晶圓10包括多個晶片110。詳細來說,每一晶片110具有相對的一主動面111與一背面113及連接主動面111與背面113的一周圍表面115且包括多個接墊112。主動面111區分為一中央區C及位於中央區C兩側旁的兩周邊區P,而接墊112位於中央區C。此處,每一晶片110例如是一動態隨機存取記憶體(Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM),但不以此為限。Regarding the manufacturing method of the package structure of this embodiment, firstly, referring to FIG. 1A, a
接著,請再參考圖1A,形成一重配置線路層120於晶圓10上。詳細來說,重配置線路層120位於每一晶片110的主動面111上且包括至少一絕緣層122、多條線路124及多個連接墊126。絕緣層122覆蓋晶片110的主動面111,而線路124內埋於絕緣層122內且電性連接晶片110的接墊112與部分連接墊126。連接墊126陣列排列且切齊於絕緣層122的相對遠離晶片110的表面。特別是,連接墊126位於晶片110的周邊區P上。也就是說,透過重配置線路層120的設置,可將晶片110的接墊112的訊號從中央區C拉至位於周邊區P的連接墊126。Next, referring to FIG. 1A again, a
接著,請參考圖1B,形成多個導電體130分別於連接墊126上且呈陣列排列。在本實施例中,形成導電體130於連接墊126上的方法例如是電鍍法或化學鍍沉積法或金屬貼合蝕刻法或迴銲植球法,但不以此為限。此處,導電體130可作為訊號垂直連接通道,其中導電體130例如是一金屬柱或一金屬球。此處,以金屬柱做為舉例說明,其中金屬柱的材質例如是銅、銀、錫或其他高導電性材料,但不以此為限。Next, referring to FIG. 1B, a plurality of
接著,請同時參考圖1B與圖1C,對晶圓10進行一第一次單體化程序,以形成多個晶片單元U(圖1C中僅示意地繪示一個)。意即,對晶圓10進行研磨及切割程序,而形成單個晶片單元U。此處,每一晶片單元U包括每一晶片110、位於每一晶片110的主動面111上的重配置線路層120以及導電體130。Next, referring to FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C at the same time, a first singulation process is performed on the
接著,請先參考圖1F,對晶片單元U進行一封裝程序,以使一封裝膠體140覆蓋每一晶片110的周圍表面115及重配置線路層120,且至少暴露出每一導電體130的一下表面132。詳細來說,對晶片單元U進行封裝程序的步驟,首先,請參考圖1D,提供具有一黏著層30的一載板20。緊接著,將挑選過為良品的多個晶片單元U透過黏著層30而定位於載板20上。此處,黏著層30位於每一晶片110的背面113與載板20之間,意即將晶片110以主動面111朝上(face up)的方式黏貼於載板20上。此處,載板20例如是具有定位點設計的玻璃基板,便宜且透明,可確認晶面黏貼狀態(如有無黏結劑氣泡、異物等),且於清洗後可重複使用。於一實施例中,黏著層30亦可為膠帶(Tape)型式(如DAF tape)貼於晶片110的背面113,使晶片110可直接對位於載板20上的定位點對位黏貼。Next, referring to FIG. 1F, perform a packaging process on the chip unit U so that a
接著,請參考圖1E,形成一封裝材料層140a於載板20上,其中封裝材料層140a覆蓋晶片單元U以及黏著層30。Next, referring to FIG. 1E, a
之後,請同時參考圖1E與圖1F,對封裝材料層140a進行一研磨程序,以暴露出每一導電體130的下表面132,而形成封裝膠體140。此處,封裝膠體140填充於導電體130之間。封裝膠體140具有相對的一頂面141以及一底面143。封裝膠體140的頂面141切齊於晶片110的背面113,而封裝膠體140的底面143切齊於每一導電體130的下表面132。After that, referring to FIG. 1E and FIG. 1F at the same time, perform a grinding process on the
接著,請參考圖1G,形成多個銲球150於封裝膠體140外,其中銲球150與導電體130電性連接。此處,銲球150直接與導電體130結構性且電性連接,但不以此為限。Next, referring to FIG. 1G, a plurality of
之後,請同時參考圖1G與圖1H,移除黏著層30與載板20,而暴露出每一晶片110的背面113。After that, referring to FIGS. 1G and 1H at the same time, the
最後,請同時參考圖1H與圖1I,對封裝膠體140進行一第二次單體化程序,以切割封裝膠體140,而形成具有銲球150的多個封裝結構100a。至此,已完成晶圓級(wafer level )且為球格陣列(Ball Grid Array, BGA)的封裝結構100a的製作。Finally, referring to FIG. 1H and FIG. 1I at the same time, a second singulation process is performed on the
在結構上,請同時參考圖1I、圖1J以及圖1K,封裝結構100a包括晶片110、重配置線路層120、導電體130、封裝膠體140以及銲球150。晶片110具有相對的主動面111與背面113及連接主動面111與背面113的周圍表面115且包括接墊112。主動面111區分為中央區C及位於中央區C兩側旁的周邊區P,而接墊112位於中央區C。此處,晶片110例如是一動態隨機存取記憶體,但不以此為限。重配置線路層120配置於晶片110的主動面111上且包括絕緣層122、線路124及多個連接墊126。絕緣層122覆蓋晶片110的主動面111,而線路124內埋於絕緣層122內且電性連接晶片110的接墊112與部分連接墊126。特別是,連接墊126於晶片110的主動面111上的周邊區P,意即本實施例的重配置線路層120的設計屬於RDL Re-layout結構。 此外,本實施例的重配置線路層120可為扇入(Fan in)設計或扇出(Fan-out)設計,於此不加以限制。In terms of structure, please refer to FIG. 1I, FIG. 1J and FIG. 1K at the same time. The
再者,本實施例的導電體130分別配置於連接墊126上,可作為訊號的垂直連接通道。此處,導電體130例如是一金屬柱,其中金屬柱的材質例如是銅、銀、錫或其他高導電性材料,但不以此為限。封裝膠體140覆蓋晶片110的周圍表面115及重配置線路層120,且暴露出晶片110的背面113與導電體130的下表面132。更進一步來說,封裝膠體140填充於導電體130之間。封裝膠體140具有相對的頂面141以及底面143。封裝膠體140的頂面141切齊於晶片110的背面113,而封裝膠體140的底面143切齊於每一導電體130的下表面132。封裝膠體140還具有多個側面145,而晶片110的周圍表面115至封裝膠體140的每一側面145之間的一水平間距H1、H2相同。此水平間距H1、H2可使視為是阻擋水氣的最短距離,封裝體厚度可依照國際規格去設計,可極小化規格總厚度。銲球150配置於封裝膠體140外,其中銲球150與導電體130結構性且電性連接。Furthermore, the
由於本實施例的晶片110的背面113切齊於封裝膠體140的頂面141,意即封裝膠體140沒有覆蓋晶片110的背面113,因此本實施例的晶片110除了可透過導電體130來導電及傳熱之外,亦可透過晶片110的背面113來散熱。故,本實施例的封裝結構100a可具有較佳的散熱效果。再者,本實施例的導電體130可視為線路而與銲球150電性連接。此外,本實施例的封裝結構100a無須習知基板、窗口及黏晶層的設計,可透過封裝膠體140來取代基板,以保護及支撐晶片110。由於本實施例的封裝結構100a無窗口的設計,因此單位面積封裝可容許最大晶片,意即可有效利用空間最大化。另外,因為材料與界面的簡化,因此本實施例的封裝結構100a除了可具有較佳的訊號傳遞效果之外,也具有薄化設計,可具有較薄的封裝厚度。Since the
在此必須說明的是,下述實施例沿用前述實施例的元件標號與部分內容,其中採用相同的標號來表示相同或近似的元件,並且省略了相同技術內容的說明。關於省略部分的說明可參考前述實施例,下述實施例不再重複贅述。It must be noted here that the following embodiments use the element numbers and part of the content of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the same numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted parts, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, and the following embodiments will not be repeated.
圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。請同時參考圖1I以及圖2,本實施例的封裝結構100b與圖1I的封裝結構100a相似,兩者的差異在於:在本實施例中,每一導電體135例如是一金屬球,其中金屬球的材質包括錫(Sn)或其他低溫的焊接材料,例如是無鉛焊錫、錫銦(Sn-In)、錫鉛(Sn-Pb)、錫鉍(Sn-Bi)或錫銀銅(Sn-Ag-Cu)。此處,封裝膠體140的底面143切齊於每一導電體135的下表面137,而導電體135直接結構性且電性連接銲球150。簡言之,本發明並不限制導電體130、135的結構型態,其可為柱狀、球狀或其他適當的結構型態。2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Please refer to FIG. 1I and FIG. 2 at the same time. The
圖3是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。請同時參考圖1I以及圖3,本實施例的封裝結構100c與圖1I的封裝結構100a相似,兩者的差異在於:在本實施例中,封裝結構100c更包括一附加封裝膠體160c以及一附加重配置線路層170。附加封裝膠體160c覆蓋晶片110的背面113以及封裝膠體140的頂面141及側面145。附加封裝膠體160c的一附加底面163c切齊於封裝膠體140的一底面143。附加重配置線路層170配置於封裝膠體140的底面143以及附加封裝膠體160c的附加底面163c上,且位於銲球150c與導電體130之間。附加重配置線路層170的屬於扇出(fan-out)型結構,其中附加重配置線路層170的邊緣切齊於附加封裝膠體160c的邊緣。附加重配置線路層170電性連接導電體130與銲球150c。本實施例的封裝結構100c可適用於小晶片但對外輸入/輸出接點(I/O)多的封裝體。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1I and FIG. 3 at the same time. The
圖4是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。請同時參考圖1I以及圖4,本實施例的封裝結構100d與圖1I的封裝結構100a相似,兩者的差異在於:在本實施例中,封裝結構100d更包括一附加封裝膠體160d,具有相對的一附加頂面161d以及一附加底面163d,並且覆蓋晶片110的周圍表面115。部分重配置線路層120延伸出晶片110的主動面111,並且配置於附加封裝膠體160d的附加底面163d上。晶片110的背面113切齊於封裝膠體140的頂面141以及附加封裝膠體160d的附加頂面161d,可使封裝結構100d具有較佳的散熱效果。晶片110的主動面111切齊於附加封裝膠體160d的附加底面163d,而重配置線路層120的邊緣切齊於附加封裝膠體160d的邊緣。舉例來說,若是晶片110面積較小,但是封裝規格(Package Spec)面積較大,就必須將外接的輸入/出接點(I/O)延伸,如此才有足夠空間容納更多對外輸入/出接點的需求。製作上,可先形成附加封裝膠體160d,再形成重配置線路層120,之後在形成封裝膠體140,以保護導電體130與晶片110及重配置線路層120,以避免封裝後測試(Final Test, FT)時壓傷。4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the invention. Please refer to FIG. 1I and FIG. 4 at the same time. The
圖5是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。請同時參考圖4以及圖5,本實施例的封裝結構100e與圖4的封裝結構100d相似,兩者的差異在於:在本實施例中,封裝結構100e的封裝膠體140e覆蓋附加封裝膠體160d的附加頂面161d以及晶片110的背面113。由於本實施例的封裝膠體140e將晶片110及附加封裝膠體160d完全包覆起來,因此具有較佳的保護性。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5 at the same time. The
綜上所述,在本發明的封裝結構的設計中,導電體配置於重配置線路層的連接墊上,而晶片的接墊可透過重配置線路層及導電體與銲球電性連接,且封裝膠體覆蓋重配置線路層並填充於導電體之間,且封裝膠體至少暴露出導電體的下表面。藉此,本發明的封裝結構無須習知基板、窗口及黏晶層的設計,可透過封裝膠體來取代基板,以保護及支撐晶片。再者,因為本發明的封裝結構無窗口的設計,因此單位面積封裝可容許最大晶片,意即可有效利用空間最大化。此外,因為材料與界面的簡化,因此本發明的封裝結構除了可具有較佳的訊號傳遞效果之外,也具有薄化設計,可具有較薄的封裝厚度。In summary, in the design of the package structure of the present invention, the conductors are arranged on the connection pads of the reconfiguration circuit layer, and the chip pads can be electrically connected to the solder balls through the reconfiguration circuit layer and the conductors, and the package The glue covers the reconfiguration circuit layer and is filled between the conductors, and the encapsulation glue at least exposes the lower surface of the conductors. Thereby, the packaging structure of the present invention does not need to be known in the design of the substrate, the window and the die bonding layer, and the substrate can be replaced by the packaging glue to protect and support the chip. Furthermore, because of the windowless design of the package structure of the present invention, the package per unit area can tolerate the largest chip, which means that the effective use of space can be maximized. In addition, due to the simplification of materials and interfaces, the package structure of the present invention can not only have a better signal transmission effect, but also has a thinner design and can have a thinner package thickness.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent application scope.
10:晶圓
20:載板
30:黏著層
100a、100b、100c、100d、100e: 封裝結構
110:晶片
111:主動面
112:接墊
113:背面
115:周圍表面
120:重配置線路層
122:絕緣層
124:線路
126:連接墊
130、135:導電體
132、137:下表面
140、140e:封裝膠體
140a:封裝材料層
141:頂面
143:底面
145:側面
150、150c:銲球
160c、160d、160e:附加封裝膠體
161d、161e:附加頂面
163c、163d、163e:附加底面
170:附加重配置線路層
C:中央區
H1、H2:水平間距
P:周邊區
U:晶片單元10: Wafer
20: Carrier board
30:
圖1A至圖1I是依照本發明的一實施例的一種封裝結構的製作方法的示意圖。 圖1J為圖1I的封裝結構的俯視示意圖。 圖1K為圖1I的封裝結構的仰視示意圖。 圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。 圖3是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。 圖4是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。 圖5是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種封裝結構的剖面示意圖。 1A to FIG. 1I are schematic diagrams of a manufacturing method of a package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1J is a schematic top view of the package structure of FIG. 1I. FIG. 1K is a schematic bottom view of the package structure of FIG. 1I. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
100a:封裝結構 100a: Package structure
110:晶片 110: chip
111:主動面 111: active side
112:接墊 112: pad
113:背面 113: Back
115:周圍表面 115: surrounding surface
120:重配置線路層 120: Reconfigure the circuit layer
122:絕緣層 122: Insulation layer
124:線路 124: Line
126:連接墊 126: connection pad
130:導電體 130: Conductor
132:下表面 132: lower surface
140:封裝膠體 140: Encapsulation colloid
141:頂面 141: top surface
143:底面 143: Bottom
145:側面 145: side
150:銲球 150: solder ball
C:中央區 C: Chuo District
P:周邊區 P: Surrounding area
Claims (20)
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW201832343A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-01 | 台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司 | Package |
TW201921526A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-06-01 | 台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司 | Package and method of manufacturing the same |
TW201921620A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2019-06-01 | 南韓商三星電機股份有限公司 | Fan-out semiconductor package |
TW201929177A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-16 | 南韓商三星電子股份有限公司 | Fan-out semiconductor package |
-
2020
- 2020-07-23 TW TW109124926A patent/TWI743900B/en active
- 2020-08-06 CN CN202010781738.1A patent/CN113972178A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW201921620A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2019-06-01 | 南韓商三星電機股份有限公司 | Fan-out semiconductor package |
TW201832343A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-01 | 台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司 | Package |
TW201921526A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-06-01 | 台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司 | Package and method of manufacturing the same |
TW201929177A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-16 | 南韓商三星電子股份有限公司 | Fan-out semiconductor package |
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