TWI741650B - Rotary mechanism for driving parts of machine tools to rotate - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary mechanism used for driving the rotation of parts of a machine tool includes a base, a rotary shaft, a driving mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism. Among them, the rotating shaft passes through the base and can rotate in situ, and one end of the rotating shaft is used to connect a component; the driving mechanism includes a push-pull rod that can bear the force to move forward and backward, and the push-pull rod is driven by the linkage mechanism The rotating shaft turns. Accordingly, the rotation angle of the rotating shaft can be accurately controlled.

Description

Rotary mechanism for driving parts of machine tools to rotate

The present invention is related to processing machines; in particular, it refers to a rotary mechanism for driving the rotation of parts of the machine tool.

In the field of machine tools, it is often necessary to manipulate and rotate specific components, such as a tool change arm of an automatic tool change mechanism or a kind of exchange disk. A known mechanism for performing the aforementioned actions is a rotary mechanism that includes a rotating shaft, a gear, and a rack. The rotary mechanism drives the gears meshed with the rack to reciprocate to generate forward and reverse rotations. When the gear is When a part of the rotating shaft is rotated, it can drive the component combined with one end of the rotating shaft to produce corresponding rotation.

It is true that the above-mentioned slewing mechanism changes the linear motion to the rotation mode to achieve the purpose of controlling the rotation of the component, but the backlash problem in the meshing relationship between the gear and the rack affects the positioning accuracy when the component stops after rotation; Furthermore, the above-mentioned rotating mechanism must be equipped with a pressure cylinder structure at both ends of the rack, which not only increases the cost but also takes up space.

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a turning mechanism for driving the components of the machine tool to rotate, which can improve the positioning accuracy when the driven components are stopped after rotation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotary mechanism for driving the rotation of the parts of a machine tool, which includes a base, a rotary shaft, a link mechanism and a driving mechanism. Among them, the rotating shaft passes through the base and can rotate in situ. The opposite ends of the rotating shaft respectively constitute a force end and an output end, wherein the output end is used to connect a component and drive the component to rotate; the linkage mechanism is connected by a plurality of One end of a connecting rod is pivotally connected to the base to form a first fixed rotating fulcrum, one end of a connecting rod is connected to the force-bearing end of the rotating shaft to form a second fixed rotating fulcrum. There is at least one pivot point between the first fixed rotation fulcrum and the second fixed rotation fulcrum; the drive mechanism includes a push-pull rod capable of bearing a force to move forward and backward, and one end of the push-pull rod is pivotally connected to one of the links of the linkage mechanism. Rod, and drive the rotating shaft to rotate when moving back and forth.

The effect of the present invention is that the linkage mechanism is used to drive the rotation shaft to rotate in a labor-saving manner, and the rotation angle of the rotation shaft can be accurately controlled.

In order to explain the present invention more clearly, a preferred embodiment is given in conjunction with the drawings in detail as follows. Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the turning mechanism 100 of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to drive the parts of the machine tool to rotate. The aforementioned parts are, for example, the tool change arm of the automatic tool change mechanism or a kind of exchange disk, but Not limited to this. The slewing mechanism 100 of this embodiment includes a base 10, a bearing seat 24, a rotating shaft 26, at least one bearing 28, a stop block 30, a locking nut 32, a coupling seat 38, a connecting rod mechanism 44, and a driving mechanism 50. I will explain one by one as follows.

The base 10 includes a strong rigid member 12, a coupling block 14, a first adjusting member 16 and a second adjusting member 18. The rigid member 12 has a circular opening 12a, a plurality of through holes 12b, and a plurality of screw holes 12c distributed around the circular opening 12a; (Not shown in the figure), the rigid member 12 is fixedly connected and located adjacent to the circular opening 12a, and the coupling block 14 further has two screw holes 14a; the first adjusting member 16 and the second adjusting member 18 are screws and are respectively locked into corresponding In the screw hole 14a, the ends of the first adjusting member 16 and the second adjusting member 18 on one side of the coupling block 14 respectively constitute a first blocking surface 16a and a second blocking surface 18a, and an end on the other side of the coupling block 14 is A nut 22 is locked and connected to each other, and the nut 22 abuts the coupling block 14 so that the first adjusting member 16 and the second adjusting member 18 will not be loose relative to the coupling block 14.

The bearing seat 24 has a shaft hole 24 a and a plurality of perforations 24 b distributed around the shaft hole 24 a. Part of the bearing seat 24 extends into the circular opening 12 a, and part of the bearing seat 24 abuts against the surface of the rigid member 12. A plurality of bolts 20 pass through the through hole 24b and then lock into the corresponding screw hole 12c, so that the bearing seat 24 is fixed to the rigid member 12.

The rotating shaft 26 is a round rod body and passes through the base 10 in a manner capable of rotating in situ. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 26 has a large diameter portion 26a, a threaded section 26b, a first key groove 26c, and a second key groove 26d. The outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 26a is larger than the outer diameters of other parts of the rotating shaft 26, and the first key groove 26c and the second key groove 26d are respectively located on both sides of the threaded section 26b. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotating shaft 26 passes through the shaft hole 24a of the bearing housing 24. The number of the at least one bearing 28 is two and is respectively sleeved on the rotating shaft 26 and located in the shaft hole 24a. And the stop 30 has a circular hole 30a for the rotating shaft 26 to pass through, the locking nut 32 is then locked on the threaded section 26b of the rotating shaft 26 and abuts the stop 30, so far, the bearing 28 The and stop 30 is restricted between the large diameter portion 26a of the rotating shaft 26 and the lock nut 32, so that the rotating shaft 26 can pass through the base 10 rotatably in situ, and complete the rotation after assembly The opposite ends of the shaft 26 constitute a force receiving end 26A and a force output end 26B, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 7, the inner wall of the through hole 30a of the stopper 30 has a key groove 30b, and the stopper 30 has a plurality of screw holes 30c communicating with the through hole 30a. When the stopper 30 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 26, a key 34 is placed between the first keyway 26c of the rotating shaft 26 and the keyway 30b of the stopper 30, so that the stopper 30 can follow the rotating shaft 26 The way of rotation is coupled to the rotating shaft 26. In addition, a plurality of stop screws 36 are locked into the screw holes 30c, and one end of part of the stop screw 36 is pressed against the key 34, and one end of the part of the stop screw 36 is pressed against the rotating shaft 26, and the stop is adjusted appropriately. The locking depth of the screw 36 can eliminate the gap between the fittings of the components, so as to improve the stability of the coupling of the stopper 30 and the rotating shaft 26. In addition, the peripheral surface of the stopper 30 has a first abutting surface 30A and a second abutting surface 30B that are separated.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 8, the coupling base 38 includes a chassis portion 38a and a protruding portion 38b that are connected to each other, and a through hole 38c penetrating the chassis portion 38a and the protruding portion 38b. The coupling seat 38 is provided with a key groove 38d on the inner wall of the through hole 38c, and a screw hole 38e is drilled on the protruding portion 38b to communicate with the key groove 38d. When the coupling seat 38 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 26, the same option is to place the key 34 between the second key groove 26d of the rotating shaft 26 and the key groove 38d of the coupling seat 38, and then lock the screw 36 into the screw hole 38e. The centering is tight, so that the coupling seat 38 is coupled to the output end 26B of the rotating shaft 26 in a manner capable of rotating with the rotating shaft 26.

In order to prevent the coupling seat 38 from loosening from the rotating shaft 26, the rotating shaft 26 of this embodiment is provided with a screw hole 26e arranged along the central axis. The aforesaid objective can be achieved by pushing the blocking piece 42 against the coupling seat 38. Please refer to FIG. 2 again. The coupling base 38 of this embodiment is such that its protruding portion 38b extends into the recess 201 of the specific component 200 of the machine tool, and then passes through the chassis portion 38a through a plurality of bolts (not shown) The upper hole 38f is locked into the screw hole 202 of the component 200 to complete the purpose of fixing with the component 200. In addition, the coupling seat 38 is cut with a flat surface 38g on the side of the protruding portion 38b. The component 200 is additionally provided with two side screw holes 203, which are locked into the screw holes 203 with a set screw 204 and one end abuts against the side flat surface. 38g, in order to appropriately adjust the locking depth of the two set screws 204, that is, the component 200 can be positioned stably.

1 and 5, the link mechanism 44 includes a first link 441, a second link 442, and a third link 443. The first link 441 is slightly arcuate and one end passes through a shaft 46. Then it is pivotally connected to the rigid member 12 of the base 10, the shaft 46 constitutes the first fixed rotation fulcrum defined in the present invention, the other end of the first link 441 is pivotally connected to one end of the second link 442, and the second link The other end of the rod 442 is pivotally connected to one end of the third link 443, and the other end of the third link 443 is fixedly connected to the force receiving end 26A of the rotating shaft 26. So far, the rotating shaft 26 constitutes the definition of the present invention. The second fixed rotation fulcrum. It can be known from the foregoing that the linkage mechanism 44 has several pivot points between the first fixed rotation fulcrum and the second fixed rotation fulcrum. In order to ensure that the link mechanism 44 can smoothly drive the rotating shaft 26 to rotate, the third link 443 is provided with a sleeve hole 443a at one end. The connecting piece for example passes through the third connecting rod 443 and is locked into a screw hole (not shown in the figure) on the rotating shaft 26, so that the rotating shaft 26 is evenly stressed.

The driving mechanism is used to move the linkage mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 50 includes a saddle 52, a cylinder 54 and a push-pull rod 56. The saddle 52 is a rigid member 12 that is pivotally connected to the base 10 through a shaft 58; The cylinder 54 and the push-pull rod 56 are components of a pressure cylinder. The aforementioned pressure cylinder can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The cylinder 54 is fixed on the side of the saddle 52, and one end of the push-pull rod 56 passes through the saddle 52. A pin 60 penetrates to pivotally connect the arched middle part of the first connecting rod 441 of the connecting rod mechanism 44. The other end of the push-pull rod 56 extends into the cylinder 54 and is provided with a head 56a, the head 56a As a pushing part that bears the force formed by oil pressure or air pressure, the push-pull rod 56 can move back and forth.

The foregoing is the description of the composition and relative positions of the components of the rotating mechanism 100 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Next, it will be described that it can drive the component 200 of the machine tool to rotate as follows: Among them, FIG. 5 shows that the push-pull rod 56 is pushed out. It surrounds the rotating shaft 26, and the first contact surface 30A of the stopper 30 abuts against the first stop surface 16a of the first adjusting member 16 (refer to FIG. 7). At the same time, the component 200 coupled to the coupling seat 38 In a first state; then, as shown in FIG. 9, when the push-pull rod 56 is retracted into the cylinder 54 under the force generated by oil pressure or air pressure, the first connecting rod 441 and the second connecting rod 442 and the third connecting rod 443 are mutually interlocking and drive the rotation shaft 26 to rotate, and the rotation angle of the driving member 200 is also driven until the second contact surface 30B of the stop block 30 abuts against the second stop surface of the second adjusting member 18 18a (refer to FIG. 10) and the rotating shaft 26 stops rotating. At this time, the component 200 is defined to be in a second state. The composition of the aforementioned components can accurately control the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 26. Therefore, when the component is a tool change arm, the aforementioned first state and second state can indicate that the tool change position is switched.

In the above, the cylinder 54 is combined with the swingable saddle 52. Therefore, when the push-pull rod 56 moves back and forth, the saddle 52 will swing appropriately so that the push-pull rod 56 can be pushed and pulled smoothly.连杆机构44。 Linkage mechanism 44. However, it should be noted that the saddle can be designed in a non-swinging manner under the premise of not interfering with the push-pull action. In addition, the first adjusting member 16 and the second adjusting member 18 locked into the screw hole 14a can be adjusted to move toward or away from the stopper 30, so as to change the abutting position of the stopper 30 to achieve a change. The purpose of the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft 26.

The driving mechanism of the above-mentioned embodiment is mainly a pressing cylinder as an example. However, in other embodiments, the driving mechanism may include a saddle 62, a cam 64, a motor 66, and a push-pull rod 68 as shown in FIG. 11, wherein the saddle 62 The base 10 is also pivotally connected in a swingable manner. The cam 64 has a cam profile. The aforementioned cam profile is composed of a guide groove 64a and a cam profile 64b. The motor 66 drives the cam 64 to rotate, and one end of the push-pull rod 68 passes The saddle 62 is pivotally connected to the first connecting rod 441, the other end of the push-pull rod 68 is combined with the guide block 70, and the guide block 70 is provided with a guide wheel 72 corresponding to the guide groove 64a, and the guide wheel 74 and the cam profile 64b Correspondingly, when the motor 66 drives the cam 64 to rotate, the cam 64 uses its cam profile to guide the push-pull rod 68 to move back and forth, further controlling the rotation of the rotating shaft 26.

The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by applying the specification of the present invention and the scope of the patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

[this invention] 100: Slewing mechanism 10: Pedestal 12: Rigid member 12a: round opening 12b: Piercing 12c: screw hole 14: Combining block 14a: screw hole 16: The first adjustment piece 16a: The first retaining surface 18: The second adjustment piece 18a: The second retaining surface 20: Bolt 22: Nut 24: bearing seat 24a: shaft hole 24b: Piercing 26: Rotation axis 26A: Force end 26B: output end 26a: Large diameter part 26b: thread section 26c: The first keyway 26d: second keyway 26e: screw hole 28: Bearing 30: stop 30A: First arrival 30B: Second arrival 30a: perforation 30b: Keyway 30c: screw hole 32: lock nut 34: key 36: Stop screw 38: Combination seat 38a: Chassis 38b: Projection 38c: Through hole 38d: keyway 38e: screw hole 38f: perforation 38g: side plane 40: Bolt 42: Baffle 44: Linkage mechanism 441: First Link 442: second link 443: third link 443a: set hole 46: axis 48: Bolt 50: drive mechanism 52: Saddle 54: Cylinder 56: Push and pull rod 56a: head 58: axis 60: pin 62: Saddle 64: cam 64a: Guide groove 64b: cam profile 66: Motor 68: push rod 70: guide block 72: guide wheel 74: guide wheel 200: parts 201: Dimple 202: screw hole 203: screw hole 204: Stop Screw

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a turning mechanism for driving the rotation of parts of a machine tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is another perspective view of the rotating mechanism shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an exploded view of the rotating mechanism shown in Figure 2; Figure 4 is an exploded view of some components of the rotating mechanism shown in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a front view of the turning mechanism shown in Figure 1; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along the line 6-6 of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 7-7 of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along the 8-8 direction of Figure 6; Figures 9 and 10 are front views of the slewing mechanism, revealing the action of the link mechanism in the slewing mechanism; and Fig. 11 is a front view of a turning mechanism for driving the components of a machine tool to rotate according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

100: Slewing mechanism

12: Rigid member

14: Combining block

16: The first adjustment piece

18: The second adjustment piece

20: Bolt

44: Linkage mechanism

443a: set hole

46: axis

48: Bolt

50: drive mechanism

52: Saddle

56: Push and pull rod

58: axis

60: pin

Claims (10)

A slewing mechanism used to drive the rotation of parts of a machine tool, including: A pedestal A rotating shaft that passes through the base and can rotate in situ, the opposite ends of the rotating shaft respectively constitute a force end and an output end, wherein the output end is used to connect a component and drive the component to rotate; A linkage mechanism is composed of a plurality of linkages. One end of a linkage is pivotally connected to the base to form a first fixed rotation fulcrum, and one end of a linkage is connected to the force-receiving end of the rotating shaft to form a A second fixed rotation fulcrum, the linkage mechanism has at least one pivot point between the first fixed rotation fulcrum and the second fixed rotation fulcrum; and A driving mechanism includes a push-pull rod capable of bearing a force to move forward and backward. One end of the push-pull rod is pivotally connected to one of the connecting rods of the link mechanism and drives the rotating shaft to rotate when moving forward and backward. The rotary mechanism for driving the components of a machine tool to rotate as described in claim 1, wherein the linkages of the linkage mechanism include a first linkage, a second linkage, and a third linkage, and the first linkage One end of a link is pivotally connected to the base through a shaft passing through, the shaft constitutes the first fixed rotation fulcrum, both ends of the second link are pivotally connected to the first link and the third link, the One end of the third link is fixedly connected to the force-receiving end of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft constitutes the second fixed rotating fulcrum. The turning mechanism for driving the parts of the machine tool to rotate according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism includes a saddle and a cylinder, the saddle is pivotally connected to the base in a swingable manner, and the cylinder is coupled to the In the saddle, one end of the push-pull rod passes through the saddle and is pivotally connected to the first connecting rod, and the other end extends into the cylinder and receives the force to cause the push-pull rod to move forward and backward. The turning mechanism for driving the parts of a machine tool to rotate as described in claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism includes a saddle, a cam and a motor, the saddle is pivotally connected to the base in a swingable manner, and the cam has a Cam profile, the motor drives the cam to rotate; one end of the push-pull rod passes through the saddle and is pivotally connected to the first connecting rod, and the other end is arranged corresponding to the cam profile, and the rotating cam guides and pushes the push-pull rod according to the cam profile. Move back and forth. According to claim 2, the rotary mechanism for driving the rotation of the parts of the machine tool, wherein one end of the third link has a set of holes, the force-bearing end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the set of holes, and the third link It is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft through at least one connecting piece. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, the rotating mechanism for driving the rotation of the parts of the machine tool includes a stopper coupled to the rotating shaft in a manner capable of rotating with the rotating shaft, and the stopper Has a first abutting surface and a second abutting surface; the base has a first blocking surface and a second blocking surface, wherein when the first abutting surface of the block contacts the first blocking surface, or the When the second contact surface of the stopper contacts the second stop surface, the rotation shaft cannot rotate any more. According to claim 6, the rotating mechanism for driving the components of the machine tool to rotate, wherein the base includes a first adjusting member and a second adjusting member, and the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member are capable of relative to the The stopper is adjusted to move toward or away from, the first adjusting member has the first blocking surface, and the second adjusting member has the second blocking surface. According to claim 6, the rotating mechanism for driving the parts of the machine tool to rotate includes a bearing seat, at least one bearing, and a lock nut, wherein the bearing seat is coupled to the base and has a shaft hole, and the rotating shaft Passing through the shaft hole, the at least one bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located in the shaft hole; the rotating shaft has a large diameter portion and a threaded section, and the outer diameter of the large diameter portion is larger than other parts of the rotating shaft The outer diameter of the stopper, the stopper has a through hole through which the rotating shaft passes, the locking nut is locked to the threaded section to limit the at least one bearing and the stopper to the large diameter portion and the locking Between the nuts. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, the rotating mechanism for driving the rotation of the parts of the machine tool includes a coupling seat that is coupled to the output end of the rotating shaft in a manner capable of rotating with the rotating shaft , The joint seat connects the component. According to claim 9, the rotating mechanism for driving the components of the machine tool to rotate, wherein the coupling seat includes a chassis portion and a protruding portion connected to each other, and a through hole penetrating the chassis portion and the protruding portion, the The rotating shaft passes through the through hole; the coupling seat is fixed to the component by the chassis portion, the protruding portion extends into the component, and the protruding portion has a flat surface, and the component penetrates through two set screws And one end of the two set screws abuts against the side plane to be positioned.

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