TWI740645B - High-gain antenna array and arrangement of high-gain antenna arrays - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-gain antenna array comprises a substrate, a first antenna, a first arm, a second antenna, a second arm and a metal plate. The first antenna and the second antenna are placed on a top surface of the substrate. A ground plane is placed on a bottom surface of the substrate. The first arm connects to a first diode and a first extension section. The first arm connects the ground plane through the first diode. The first extension section connects the ground plane through a first capacitor. The first arm and a right-side of the ground plane are arranged in a straight line. The first antenna is between the first arm and the second antenna. The second arm connects a second diode and a second extension section. The second arm connects the ground plane through the second diode. The second extension section connects the ground plane through a second capacitor. The second arm and a left-side of the ground plane are arranged in a straight line. The second antenna is between the second arm and the first antenna. The metal plate and the ground plane are common grounded. The area of the metal plate is larger than the area of the ground plane. The metal plate is parallel to the substrate with a spacing distance. According to conduction states of the first diode and the second diode, three types of radiation patterns is accomplished.

Description

High-gain antenna array and high-gain antenna array configuration

The present invention relates to an antenna array, and in particular to a high-gain antenna array and a high-gain antenna array configuration.

The radiation pattern of a single antenna varies according to the basic working principle of the antenna. Various radiation patterns have different applications. To achieve multiple radiation patterns and high gain effects, usually more than two antennas are used and formed into an array. , Which is the antenna array.

Generally speaking, although an antenna array can be used to control a specific radiation field pattern, the antenna array needs to use complex control circuits (including switching, phase control, and feeding network, etc.). In the multiple switches and feed networks used in traditional antenna array design, in addition to the signal phase issue, the issue of transmission loss must also be considered. In particular, in the case of current electronic devices that require light, thin and short antennas, to provide high gain and multiple radiation field switching operations at the same time, it is traditionally necessary to introduce a complex signal feed network (including phase switching for multiple antennas). ), making it difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost of antenna array products.

In order to solve the aforementioned prior art problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-gain antenna array, including a substrate, a first antenna, a first arm, a second antenna, The second arm and the metal plate. The substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface is provided with a ground plane, and the ground plane has four sides. The four sides are respectively the front side, the rear side, the right side and the left side. The back sides are parallel to each other, and the right and left sides are parallel to each other. The first antenna is arranged on the upper surface. The first arm is connected to the first diode and the first extension, the first arm is connected to the ground plane through the first diode, and the first extension is connected to the ground plane through the first capacitor, where the first arm is on the right side of the ground plane The edges are in a straight line. The second antenna is arranged on the upper surface, and the first antenna is located between the first arm and the second antenna. The second arm is connected to the second diode and the second extension, the second arm is connected to the ground plane through the second diode, and the second extension is connected to the ground plane through the second capacitor, where the second arm is on the left side of the ground plane The sides are in a straight line, and the second antenna is located between the second arm and the first antenna. The metal plate and the ground plane share the same ground, the area of the metal plate is larger than the area of the ground plane, and the metal plate is parallel to the substrate and maintains a distance. Among them, according to the conduction state of the first diode and the second diode, the high-gain antenna array has three kinds of radiation field state switching.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a high-gain antenna array configuration, including two high-gain antenna arrays as described above, namely a first high-gain antenna array and a second high-gain antenna array, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are The high-gain antenna arrays are horizontally adjacent to each other and are placed at an angle greater than or equal to 90 degrees.

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-gain antenna array and a high-gain antenna array configuration, which does not need to control the phase of the feed signal, and can realize three switchable high-gain radiation field patterns, using metal plates and connectors. The reflection effect formed by the ground together can improve the antenna gain, and use the switching of the diode to achieve three kinds of radiation field transformations. Not only the circuit configuration is simple, but also the single-polarized or dual-polarized antenna array group configured by using a plurality of such high-gain antenna arrays can be easily realized, whether it is a single Both single-polarization and dual-polarization applications have high gains with high stability, and have the technical effect of easy field switching control, and have high industrial application value with stable performance and simple wiring.

In order to have a better understanding of the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings about the present invention, but these descriptions and the accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the present invention, not the right to the present invention. The scope is subject to any restrictions.

1: substrate

2: The first antenna

3: first arm

4: second antenna

5: second arm

6: Metal plate

11: upper surface

12: Lower surface

121: Ground plane

121a: front side

121b: rear side

121c: right side

121d: left side

31: The first diode

32: The first extension

33: The first capacitor

51: The second diode

52: second extension

53: second capacitor

X: axis

Y: axis

Z: axis

7: Feeding line

F: feed point

811: The first high-gain antenna array

812: The second high-gain antenna array

810: The first antenna group

820: The second antenna group

821: The third high-gain antenna array

822: The fourth high-gain antenna array

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of three radiation field patterns of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The high-gain antenna array includes a substrate 1, a first antenna 2, a first arm 3, a second antenna 4, a second arm 5 and a metal plate 6. The substrate 1 has an upper surface 11 and a lower surface 12, the lower surface 12 is provided with a grounding surface 121, and the grounding surface 121 has four sides, The four sides are respectively the front side 121a, the rear side 121b, the right side 121c, and the left side 121d. The front side 121a and the rear side 121b are parallel to each other, and the right side 121c and the left side 121d are parallel to each other. The ground plane 121 is, for example, a rectangle or a parallelogram. The first antenna 2 is provided on the upper surface 11. The first arm 3 is connected to the first diode 31 and the first extension section 32, the first arm 3 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the first diode 31, and the first extension section 32 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the first capacitor 33, The first arm 3 is in a straight line with the right side 121c of the grounding surface 121. The second antenna 4 is arranged on the upper surface 11, wherein the first antenna 2 is located between the first arm 3 and the second antenna 4. The second arm 5 is connected to the second diode 51 and the second extension section 52, the second arm 5 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the second diode 51, and the second extension section 52 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the second capacitor 53, The second arm 5 is in a straight line with the left side 121 d of the ground plane 121, and the second antenna 4 is located between the second arm 5 and the first antenna 2. The metal plate 6 and the ground plane 121 are grounded (commonly grounded), the area of the metal plate 6 is larger than the area of the ground plane 121, and the metal plate 6 is parallel to the substrate 1 and maintains a distance. Among them, according to the conduction state of the first diode 31 and the second diode 51, the high-gain antenna array has three types of radiation field state switching. The aforementioned DC conduction switching circuit of the first diode 31 and the second diode 51 is omitted here. The DC conduction switching circuit must provide a conduction voltage greater than or equal to the diode, and cooperate with the voltage switching function. In addition, preferably, according to the embodiment in FIG. 1, the first extension section 32 is located between the first arm 3 and the first antenna 2, and the second extension section 52 is located between the second arm 5 and the second antenna 4. Furthermore, the method for fixing the distance between the metal plate 6 and the substrate 1 is, for example, using a low-dielectric constant styrofoam material or a plastic material as a filling bracket, but it is not limited thereby.

Please continue to refer to Figure 1. In the feeding part of the antenna, the feeding line 7 connects the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 to feed the first antenna with no phase difference from the feeding point F. 2 and the second antenna 4, and it can be seen that the feed line 7 is a microstrip line design count. Preferably, the first antenna 2 is perpendicular to the front side 121a, the second antenna 4 is perpendicular to the front side 121a, and the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 are side by side. 2 and the second antenna 4 are monopole antennas, but not limited to this. Preferably, the first arm 3, the first diode 31, the first extension section 32, the first capacitor 33, the second arm 5, the second diode 51, the second extension section 52, and the second capacitor 53 are all It is arranged on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 1 and the convenience of the aforementioned element being arranged on the lower surface 12 is that the aforementioned element and the ground plane 121 can be directly connected to the lower surface 12 without the need to use a through hole (through the substrate 1). In addition, the first diode 31, the first capacitor 33, the second diode 51, and the second capacitor 53 are surface mount components disposed on the lower surface 12.

Please refer to Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of three radiation patterns of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The working frequencies of the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 used are 2.6 GHz, but not Limited by this. In terms of the three radiation field types, they are divided into mode zero, mode one, and mode two. The upward direction of the substrate 1 is the positive Z-axis (+Z), and the metal plate 6 and the ground plane 121 are used to shift the radiation pattern of the high-gain antenna array toward the positive Z-axis to increase the antenna gain. Mode zero: neither the first diode 31 nor the second diode 51 is conductive, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is the positive Z axis. Mode 1: The first diode 31 is turned on, and the second diode 51 is not turned on. When the first diode 31 is turned on, the first arm 3 constitutes a quarter-wave reflector, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is corrected to be offset toward the positive X axis (+X). In other words, when the first diode 31 is turned on and the second diode 51 is not turned on, the radiation field pattern is further shifted toward the left side 121d. Mode 2: The first diode 31 is not conducting, and the second diode 51 is conducting. When the second diode 51 is turned on, the second arm 5 constitutes a quarter-wave reflector, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is corrected to be offset toward the negative X axis (-X). In other words, when the first diode 31 is not conducting and the second diode 51 is conducting, the radiation field pattern is further toward the right The side 121c is offset.

3 and 4, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a high-gain antenna array configuration, including two high-gain antenna arrays as described above, namely a first high-gain antenna array 811 and a second high-gain antenna array 812, The first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are horizontally adjacent to each other and the angle difference between each other is greater than or equal to 90 degrees. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are horizontally adjacent to each other and are placed at an angle of 180 degrees to form a single polarization configuration. That is, the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are arranged horizontally back to back to form a single-polarization configuration. Compared with a single high-gain antenna, this configuration can further adjust the radiation pattern. For example, adjusting the distance between the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 can change the maximum gain and the beam shape of the main beam. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are placed at a different angle equal to 90 degrees to form a dual-polarization configuration to achieve dual-polarization and adjustable radiation field patterns. Configuration.

Please refer to FIG. 5, the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 can form a first antenna group 810. The high-gain antenna array configuration of FIG. 5 further includes a second antenna group 820, a second antenna The group 820 is the same as the first antenna group 810, and the first antenna group 810 and the second antenna group 820 are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction and horizontally. The second antenna group 820 includes two high-gain antenna arrays as described in the previous embodiment, namely a third high-gain antenna array 821 and a fourth high-gain antenna array 822, and the third high-gain antenna array 821 and the first high-gain antenna array 821 The booster antenna array 811 is adjacent, and the fourth high-gain antenna array 822 is adjacent to the second high-gain antenna array 812, thereby realizing a four-antenna configuration scheme.

In summary, the configuration of the high-gain antenna array and the high-gain antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not require phase control of the feed signal, and can realize three switchable high-gain radiation patterns, using metal plates The reflection effect formed together with the ground plane can improve the antenna gain, and use the switching of the diode to achieve three kinds of radiation field transformations. Not only the circuit configuration is simple, but also the single-polarization or dual-polarization antenna array group configured by using a plurality of such high-gain antenna arrays can be easily realized. Whether it is a single-polarization or dual-polarization application, it has a highly stable and high gain. And it has the technical effect of easy field switching control, and has high industrial application value with stable performance and simple circuit.

The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention.

1: substrate

2: The first antenna

3: first arm

4: second antenna

5: second arm

6: Metal plate

11: upper surface

12: Lower surface

121: Ground plane

121a: front side

121b: rear side

121c: right side

121d: left side

31: The first diode

32: The first extension

33: The first capacitor

51: The second diode

52: second extension

53: second capacitor

X: axis

Y: axis

Z: axis

7: Feeding line

F: feed point

Claims (9)

A high-gain antenna array configuration includes two identical high-gain antenna arrays, a first high-gain antenna array and a second high-gain antenna array, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna The arrays are horizontally adjacent to each other and the angle difference between each other is greater than or equal to 90 degrees; wherein, the first high-gain antenna array includes: a substrate with an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface is provided with a ground plane, the The grounding surface has four sides, and the four sides are respectively a front side, a rear side, a right side and a left side, wherein the front side and the rear side are parallel to each other, and the right side Parallel to the left side; a first antenna, arranged on the upper surface; a first arm, connecting a first diode and a first extension, the first arm is connected by the first diode The ground plane, and the first extension section is connected to the ground plane through a first capacitor, wherein the first arm is in a straight line with the right side of the ground plane; a second antenna is arranged on the upper surface, wherein the The first antenna is located between the first arm and the second antenna; a second arm is connected to a second diode and a second extension, and the second arm is connected to the Ground plane, and the second extension section is connected to the ground plane through a second capacitor, wherein the second arm and a left side of the ground plane are in a straight line, and the second antenna is located between the second arm and the first Between the antennas; and a metal plate, the metal plate is located below the substrate and is common to the ground plane, the area of the metal plate is larger than the area of the ground plane, the metal plate is parallel to the substrate and maintains a distance ; Wherein, according to the conduction state of the first diode and the second diode, the high The booster antenna array has three kinds of radiation field type state switching. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 1, wherein the first high-gain antenna array further includes a feed-in line connecting the first antenna and the second antenna to provide A signal with no phase difference is fed to the first antenna and the second antenna. According to the high-gain antenna array configuration of claim 1, wherein when the first diode is turned on, the first arm constitutes a quarter-wavelength reflector; when the second diode is turned on, the second The arms constitute a quarter-wavelength reflector. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 3, wherein the upward direction of the substrate is a positive Z-axis, and the metal plate and the ground plane are used to make the radiation pattern of the first high-gain antenna array face The positive Z-axis offset is used to increase the antenna gain; wherein, when the first diode is conducting and the second diode is not conducting, the radiation pattern is further shifted toward the left side; wherein, in the When the first diode is not conducting and the second diode is conducting, the radiation field pattern further shifts toward the right side. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 1, wherein the first extension section is located between the first arm and the first antenna, and the second extension section is located between the second arm and the second day Between the lines. According to the high-gain antenna array configuration of claim 1, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are placed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to each other to form a dual-polarization configuration. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 1, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are placed at an angle of 180 degrees with respect to each other, and are arranged horizontally back to back to form Single-polarization configuration. According to the high-gain antenna array configuration of claim 7, wherein the first high The booster antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array form a first antenna group. The high-gain antenna array configuration further includes a second antenna group. The second antenna group is the same as the first antenna group. An antenna group and the second antenna group are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction and horizontally. According to the high-gain antenna array configuration of claim 8, wherein the second antenna group includes two high-gain antenna arrays as described in claim 1, which are a third high-gain antenna array and a third high-gain antenna array. A fourth high-gain antenna array, the third high-gain antenna array is adjacent to the first high-gain antenna array, and the fourth high-gain antenna array is adjacent to the second high-gain antenna array.

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