TW202211546A - High-gain antenna array and arrangement of high-gain antenna arrays - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-gain antenna array comprises a substrate, a first antenna, a first arm, a second antenna, a second arm and a metal plate. The first antenna and the second antenna are placed on a top surface of the substrate. A ground plane is placed on a bottom surface of the substrate. The first arm connects to a first diode and a first extension section. The first arm connects the ground plane through the first diode. The first extension section connects the ground plane through a first capacitor. The first arm and a right-side of the ground plane are arranged in a straight line. The first antenna is between the first arm and the second antenna. The second arm connects a second diode and a second extension section. The second arm connects the ground plane through the second diode. The second extension section connects the ground plane through a second capacitor. The second arm and a left-side of the ground plane are arranged in a straight line. The second antenna is between the second arm and the first antenna. The metal plate and the ground plane are common grounded. The area of the metal plate is larger than the area of the ground plane. The metal plate is parallel to the substrate with a spacing distance. According to conduction states of the first diode and the second diode, three types of radiation patterns is accomplished.

Description

High Gain Antenna Array and High Gain Antenna Array Configuration

The present invention relates to an antenna array, and more particularly, to a high gain antenna array and a high gain antenna array configuration.

The radiation pattern of a single antenna varies according to the basic working principle of the antenna. Various radiation patterns have different applications. To achieve the effect of multiple radiation patterns and high gain, more than two antennas are usually used and formed into an array. , which is the antenna array.

In general, although an antenna array can be used to control a specific radiation pattern, complex control circuits (including switches, phase control, and feeding networks, etc.) are required for the antenna array. The multiple switches used in the traditional antenna array design and feeding into the network need to consider not only the signal phase, but also the transmission loss. In particular, under the circumstance that current electronic devices require antennas to be light, thin, and short, in order to provide high gain and multiple radiation field switching operations at the same time, it is traditionally necessary to introduce complex signal feeding networks (including phase switching) for multiple antennas. ), making it difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost of antenna array products.

In order to solve the aforementioned problems of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-gain antenna array, including a substrate, a first antenna, a first arm, a second antenna, a The second arm and the metal plate. The substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface is provided with a ground plane, and the ground plane has four sides, the four sides are respectively the front side, the rear side, the right side and the left side, and the front side and the left side are respectively. The rear sides are parallel to each other, and the right and left sides are parallel to each other. The first antenna is arranged on the upper surface. The first arm is connected to the first diode and the first extension section, the first arm is connected to the ground plane through the first diode, and the first extension section is connected to the ground plane through the first capacitor, wherein the first arm is connected to the right side of the ground plane The edges are straight. The second antenna is arranged on the upper surface, wherein the first antenna is located between the first arm and the second antenna. The second arm is connected to the second diode and the second extension section, the second arm is connected to the ground plane through the second diode, and the second extension section is connected to the ground plane through the second capacitor, wherein the second arm is connected to the left side of the ground plane The sides are in a straight line, wherein the second antenna is located between the second arm and the first antenna. The metal plate and the ground plane share the same ground, the area of the metal plate is larger than that of the ground plane, and the metal plate is parallel to the substrate and maintains a distance. Wherein, according to the conduction state of the first diode and the second diode, the high-gain antenna array has three kinds of radiation pattern states to switch.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a high-gain antenna array configuration, including two high-gain antenna arrays as described above, namely a first high-gain antenna array and a second high-gain antenna array, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are The high-gain antenna arrays are horizontally adjacent to each other and are placed at an angle greater than or equal to 90 degrees.

To sum up, the embodiments of the present invention provide a high-gain antenna array and a high-gain antenna array configuration, which do not need to control the phase of the incoming signal, but can realize three switchable high-gain radiation patterns. The reflection effect formed by the ground increases the antenna gain, and the switching of the diodes is used to achieve three kinds of radiation field transformations. Not only is the circuit configuration simple, but also a single-polarized or dual-polarized antenna array group configured by using a plurality of these high-gain antenna arrays can be easily realized. Both single-polarization and dual-polarization applications have high gain with high stability, and have the technical effect of easy field switching control, and have high industrial application value with stable performance and simple circuit.

In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings of the present invention, but these descriptions and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than the rights to the present invention any limitation on the scope.

1: Substrate

2: The first antenna

3: The first arm

4: The second antenna

5: Second arm

6: Metal plate

11: Upper surface

12: Lower surface

121: Ground plane

121a: Front side

121b: rear side

121c: Right side

121d: Left side

31: First diode

32: The first extension

33: The first capacitor

51: Second diode

52: Second extension

53: Second capacitor

X: axis

Y: axis

Z: axis

7: Feed line

F: Feed point

811: The first high gain antenna array

812: Second High Gain Antenna Array

810: First Antenna Group

820: Second Antenna Group

821: Third High Gain Antenna Array

822: Fourth High Gain Antenna Array

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of three radiation field types of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a high-gain antenna array configuration provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The high gain antenna array includes a substrate 1 , a first antenna 2 , a first arm 3 , a second antenna 4 , a second arm 5 and a metal plate 6 . The substrate 1 has an upper surface 11 and a lower surface 12, the lower surface 12 is provided with a ground plane 121, and the ground plane 121 has four sides, The four sides are respectively the front side 121a, the rear side 121b, the right side 121c and the left side 121d, wherein the front side 121a and the rear side 121b are parallel to each other, and the right side 121c and the left side 121d are parallel to each other, so The ground plane 121 is, for example, a rectangle or a parallelogram. The first antenna 2 is arranged on the upper surface 11 . The first arm 3 is connected to the first diode 31 and the first extension section 32 , the first arm 3 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the first diode 31 , and the first extension section 32 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the first capacitor 33 . The first arm 3 is in a straight line with the right side 121 c of the ground plane 121 . The second antenna 4 is disposed on the upper surface 11 , wherein the first antenna 2 is located between the first arm 3 and the second antenna 4 . The second arm 5 is connected to the second diode 51 and the second extension section 52 , the second arm 5 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the second diode 51 , and the second extension section 52 is connected to the ground plane 121 through the second capacitor 53 , The second arm 5 is in a straight line with the left side 121 d of the ground plane 121 , and the second antenna 4 is located between the second arm 5 and the first antenna 2 . The metal plate 6 and the ground plane 121 are grounded together (commonly grounded), the area of the metal plate 6 is larger than the area of the ground plane 121 , and the metal plate 6 is parallel to the substrate 1 and maintains a distance. Wherein, according to the conduction state of the first diode 31 and the second diode 51 , the high-gain antenna array has three kinds of radiation pattern states to switch. The DC conduction switching circuit of the aforementioned first diode and 31 second diode 51 is omitted here, and the DC conduction switching circuit must provide a conduction voltage greater than or equal to the diode, and cooperate with the voltage switching function. In addition, preferably, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the first extension section 32 is located between the first arm 3 and the first antenna 2 , and the second extension section 52 is located between the second arm 5 and the second antenna 4 . Furthermore, the distance between the metal plate 6 and the substrate 1 is fixed by, for example, using a low dielectric constant styrofoam material or a plastic material as the filling bracket, but it is not limited thereto.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , in the feeding part of the antenna, the feeding line 7 is connected to the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 , and is used to feed the first antenna with a signal without phase difference from the feeding point F 2 and the second antenna 4, and it can be seen that the feeding line 7 is a microstrip line count. Preferably, the first antenna 2 is perpendicular to the front side 121a, the second antenna 4 is perpendicular to the front side 121a, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 are parallel to each other, and the first antenna here 2 and the second antenna 4 are monopole antennas, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the first arm 3 , the first diode 31 , the first extension 32 , the first capacitor 33 , the second arm 5 , the second diode 51 , the second extension 52 and the second capacitor 53 are all The convenience of disposing the aforementioned components on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 1 is that the aforementioned components and the ground plane 121 can be directly connected on the lower surface 12 without using through holes (penetrating the substrate 1 ). In addition, the first diode 31 , the first capacitor 33 , the second diode 51 and the second capacitor 53 are surface mount components disposed on the lower surface 12 .

Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of three types of radiation patterns of a high-gain antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The operating frequencies of the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 4 used are 2.6 GHz, but not This is the limit. In terms of three radiation field types, it is divided into mode zero, mode one, and mode two. The upward direction of the substrate 1 is the positive Z-axis (+Z). The metal plate 6 and the ground plane 121 are used to shift the radiation pattern of the high-gain antenna array toward the positive Z-axis to improve the antenna gain. Mode zero: the first diode 31 and the second diode 51 are not conductive, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is the positive Z-axis. Mode 1: The first diode 31 is turned on, and the second diode 51 is not turned on. When the first diode 31 is turned on, the first arm 3 constitutes a quarter-wave reflector, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is corrected to be offset toward the positive X-axis (+X). In other words, when the first diode 31 is turned on and the second diode 51 is not turned on, the radiation field pattern is further shifted toward the left side 121d. Mode 2: The first diode 31 is not conducting, and the second diode 51 is conducting. When the second diode 51 is turned on, the second arm 5 constitutes a quarter-wave reflector, and the direction of the maximum antenna gain is corrected to be offset toward the negative X-axis (-X). In other words, when the first diode 31 is not conducting and the second diode 51 is conducting, the radiation field pattern is further toward the right side Side 121c is offset.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , an embodiment of the present invention also provides a high-gain antenna array configuration, including two high-gain antenna arrays as described above, namely a first high-gain antenna array 811 and a second high-gain antenna array 812 , The first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are horizontally adjacent to each other and are placed at an angle greater than or equal to 90 degrees. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 , the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are horizontally adjacent to each other and placed at an angle of 180 degrees to form a single-polarization configuration. That is, the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are arranged horizontally back-to-back with each other to form a single-polarization configuration, which has a further adjustable radiation pattern compared to a single high-gain antenna. For example, adjusting the distance between the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 can change the maximum gain and the beam shape of the main beam. In the embodiment of FIG. 4 , the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 are placed at an angle equal to 90 degrees, so as to form a dual-polarization configuration, realizing dual-polarization and adjustable radiation pattern. Configuration.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , the first high-gain antenna array 811 and the second high-gain antenna array 812 can form a first antenna group 810 , and the high-gain antenna array configuration in FIG. 5 further includes a second antenna group 820 , a second antenna The group 820 is the same as the first antenna group 810 , and the first antenna group 810 and the second antenna group 820 are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction and horizontally. The second antenna group 820 includes two high-gain antenna arrays as described in the previous embodiments, namely the third high-gain antenna array 821 and the fourth high-gain antenna array 822, the third high-gain antenna array 821 and the first high-gain antenna array 821 respectively. The gain antenna array 811 is adjacent, and the fourth high-gain antenna array 822 is adjacent to the second high-gain antenna array 812, thereby realizing a four-antenna configuration.

To sum up, the high-gain antenna array and the high-gain antenna array configuration provided by the embodiments of the present invention do not require phase control of the incoming signal, but can realize three switchable high-gain radiation patterns, using metal plates. The reflection effect formed together with the ground plane can improve the antenna gain, and the switching of the diodes is used to achieve three radiation field transformations. Not only the circuit configuration is simple, but also a single-polarization or dual-polarization antenna array group configured by using a plurality of such high-gain antenna arrays can be easily realized. Whether it is a single-polarization or a dual-polarization application, it has a high gain with high stability. Moreover, it has the technical effect of easy field type switching control, and has high industrial application value of stable performance and simple circuit.

The above descriptions are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

1: Substrate

2: The first antenna

3: The first arm

4: The second antenna

5: Second arm

6: Metal plate

11: Upper surface

12: Lower surface

121: Ground plane

121a: Front side

121b: rear side

121c: Right side

121d: Left side

31: First diode

32: The first extension

33: The first capacitor

51: Second diode

52: Second extension

53: Second capacitor

X: axis

Y: axis

Z: axis

7: Feed line

F: Feed point

Claims (10)

A high gain antenna array comprising: A substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface is provided with a ground plane, the ground plane has four sides, and the four sides are respectively a front side, a rear side, a right side and a left side, wherein the front side and the rear side are parallel to each other, and the right side and the left side are parallel to each other; a first antenna, disposed on the upper surface; a first arm connected to a first diode and a first extension, the first arm is connected to the ground plane through the first diode, and the first extension is connected to the ground plane through a first capacitor , wherein the first arm is in a straight line with the right side of the ground plane; a second antenna disposed on the upper surface, wherein the first antenna is located between the first arm and the second antenna; a second arm connected to a second diode and a second extension, the second arm is connected to the ground plane through the second diode, and the second extension is connected to the ground plane through a second capacitor , wherein the second arm is in a straight line with a left side of the ground plane, wherein the second antenna is located between the second arm and the first antenna; and a metal plate, the metal plate and the ground plane share the ground, the area of the metal plate is larger than the area of the ground plane, the metal plate is parallel to the substrate and maintains a distance; Wherein, according to the conduction state of the first diode and the second diode, the high-gain antenna array has three kinds of radiation pattern states to switch. The high-gain antenna array according to claim 1, further comprising a feed line, the feed line is connected to the first antenna and the second antenna, and is used to provide signal feed with no phase difference to the the first antenna and the second antenna. The high-gain antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the first diode When turned on, the first arm forms a quarter-wave reflector; when the second diode is turned on, the second arm forms a quarter-wave reflector. The high-gain antenna array according to claim 3, wherein the upward direction of the substrate is the positive Z-axis, and the metal plate and the ground plane are used to make the radiation pattern of the high-gain antenna array face the positive Z The axial offset is used to improve the antenna gain; wherein, when the first diode is turned on and the second diode is not turned on, the radiation field pattern is further shifted toward the left side; wherein, in the first and second diodes When the pole body is non-conducting and the second diode is conducting, the radiation field pattern is further shifted toward the right side. The high-gain antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the first extension section is located between the first arm and the first antenna, and the second extension section is located between the second arm and the second antenna between. A high-gain antenna array configuration, comprising two high-gain antenna arrays as described in claim 1, respectively a first high-gain antenna array and a second high-gain antenna array, wherein the first high-gain antenna array The second high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are horizontally adjacent to each other and are placed at an angle greater than or equal to 90 degrees. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 6, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are placed at an angle equal to 90 degrees to form a dual-polarization configuration. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 6, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array are placed at an angle equal to 180 degrees, and are horizontally arranged back-to-back to form Single polarization configuration. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 8, wherein the first high-gain antenna array and the second high-gain antenna array form a first antenna group, and the high-gain antenna array configuration further includes a day line set, the second antenna set is associated with the first day The wire groups are the same, and the first antenna group and the second antenna group are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction and horizontally. The high-gain antenna array configuration according to claim 9, wherein the second antenna group includes two high-gain antenna arrays as claimed in claim 1, which are a third high-gain antenna array and a A fourth high-gain antenna array, the third high-gain antenna array is adjacent to the first high-gain antenna array, and the fourth high-gain antenna array is adjacent to the second high-gain antenna array.

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