TWI737467B - Energy recovery management system and method for high reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy recovery management system and method for a high reluctance motor is provided. A detector module detects parameters that include a speed of the motor, and currents and voltages of the motor, a power supply component. When a control module controls a switch component to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode, the control module reduces an advance angle of the motor such that a back electromotive force of the motor is higher than a voltage of the power supply component. As a result, when the motor runs at the high speed in the driving mode, a part of a current of the motor flows back to the power supply component.

Description

Energy recovery management system and method for high reluctance motor

The invention relates to a high reluctance motor, in particular to a high reluctance motor energy recovery management system and method.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and other electric vehicles have gradually become people's preferred means of transportation. Unlike bicycles, electric vehicles do not need to be driven by manpower, they are labor-saving and faster than bicycles, and people can travel longer distances. Electric vehicles usually use motors as power components. At present, in the application of electric vehicles, in order to reduce the weight and high power density of the vehicles, most of the motors are designed with high speed as the design criterion, but for the demand of high power density, most of the motor devices are designed with built-in magnet motors. And it is realized with the help of weak magnetic control.

The field weakening control, as the name implies, is that when the motor is at high speed, the back EMF of the motor is weakened by the controller so that the battery voltage can still be higher than the back EMF of the motor, and current can still flow into the motor to maintain the driving program. However, this is also accompanied by risks: if the motor field weakening depth is very deep, such as the field weakening operation of 2 times the base speed, if the controller fails and the field weakening disappears, the back electromotive force will be twice the battery voltage, and this Two times the battery voltage may induce insufficient voltage resistance of the switching element and overvoltage burnout, and insufficient current resistance of the switching element and overcurrent burnout. The instantaneous current flowing to the battery will cause the battery to be damaged.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high reluctance motor energy recovery management system in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, which is suitable for motor devices. The motor device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switching element. The motor is connected to the power supply element and the switching element. The power supply element supplies the power required for the operation of the motor. The energy recovery management system of a high reluctance motor includes a detection element and a control element. The detection element is connected to the motor and configured to detect the parameters of the motor device. This parameter includes the speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switching element, the motor and the power supply element. The control element is connected to the detection element and the switch element. The control element is configured to control the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode. According to the parameter, the lead angle of the motor is reduced, so that the back electromotive force of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element. During operation in the drive mode, the current of a part of the motor recharges the force supply element.

In one embodiment, when the motor is running at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters the rebound mode. In the pick-up mode, the control element controls the operating state of the switch element and adjusts the lead angle of the motor based on the parameters, the recovery capacity of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device to keep the parameters within a safe value range.

In an implementation aspect, when the motor is running at a low speed, the back EMF of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and it is maintained in the rebound mode. The control element controls a boost circuit to boost the back EMF of the motor to exceed the power supply The voltage of the component.

In an embodiment, the motor device is an electric vehicle.

In addition, the present invention provides an energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor, which is suitable for a motor device. The motor device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switching element. The power supply element supplies the power required for the operation of the motor. The energy recovery management method of a high reluctance motor includes the following steps: detecting a parameter of the motor device, the parameter including the speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switching element, the motor and the power supply element; controlling the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor High-speed operation in a driving mode; in the driving mode, the lead angle of the motor is reduced according to the parameters, so that the back electromotive force of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element; and in the driving mode, a part of the current of the motor is used for recharging Force supply components.

In one embodiment, the energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor further includes the following steps: when the motor is running at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element. A pick-up mode; and in the pick-up mode, the operating state of the switching element is controlled according to the parameters, the recovery capacity of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, and the lead angle of the motor is adjusted to keep the parameters within a safe value range.

In an implementation aspect, the energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor further includes the following steps: when the motor is running at a low speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and the motor is maintained in the rebound mode; and The back EMF is boosted to exceed the voltage of the power supply element.

In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings about the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not used to limit the present invention.

The following are specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and applications, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not drawn according to actual dimensions, and are stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the related technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "or" used in this article may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7, where Figure 1 is a block diagram of a high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention applied to a motor device; Figure 2 is a high reluctance motor energy recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention The detection element of the management system is used to detect the block diagram of the motor device; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention to control the motor device to operate in the driving mode or the rebound mode; FIG. 7 is The circuit layout diagram of the motor, the switching element and the battery of the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the energy recovery management system of the high reluctance motor of the embodiment of the present invention may include a detection element 20 and a control element 30, and is suitable for a motor device 10 such as but not limited to an electric vehicle. The detecting element 20 can be connected to the motor device 10 to detect the status data of the motor device 10. The control element 30 can control the operation of the motor device 10 according to the detected state data of the motor device 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the motor device 10 may have a motor 11 and a power supply element 12. The power supply element 12 is, for example, but not limited to, one or more batteries, or a battery pack composed of multiple batteries. The power supply element 12 can be connected to the motor 11 to supply power required for the operation of the motor 11.

The detection component 20 can detect the motor 11 and the power supply component 12 of the motor device 10 to obtain the parameters 21 of the motor 11 and the power supply component 12 of the motor device 10. The parameters 21 can include the rotation speed 211 of the motor 11, the motor 11, and The current 212 and voltage 213 of the power supply element 12.

Each phase of the motor 11 is connected to a set of upper bridge switches 111 and lower bridge switches 112. If necessary, the detecting element 20 can be connected to the switching element 110 to detect the voltage and current of the switching element 110, which can be included in the parameter 21 as shown in FIG. 3.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detection element 20 can be connected to the control element 30 to transmit the detected parameters 21 to the control element 30. The control element 30 can be connected to the switch element 110 and can control the operation of the switch element 110 according to the parameter 21 to drive the motor 11 to operate in the driving mode 301 or the rebound mode 302.

For example, in this embodiment, the motor 11 may be a three-phase motor. The switching element 110 shown in FIG. 3 may include the high-bridge switches 1H, 2H, and 3H and the low-bridge switches 1L, 2L, and 3L as shown in FIG. 6, all of which may be MOSFETs, for example.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the upper bridge switch 1H and the lower bridge switch 1L are connected to one end of the U-phase coil Cou of the motor. The upper bridge switch 2H and the lower bridge switch 2L are connected to one end of the V-phase coil Cov of the motor. The upper bridge switch 3H and the lower bridge switch 3L are connected to one end of the W-phase coil Cow of the motor. As shown in Fig. 7, the other ends of the U-phase coil Cou, V-phase coil Cov, and W-phase coil Cow of the motor are connected to a common contact. The battery with the voltage Vbatt is connected to the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, 3H and the lower bridge switches 1L, 2L, 3L. As shown in Figure 7, when the motor rotates, the U-phase coil Cou, V-phase coil Cov, and W-phase coil Cow of the motor will generate back electromotive force Eu, Ev, Ew, respectively. Electromotive force Euv.

The detection element 20 shown in FIG. 3 can detect the voltage Vbatt of the battery and the voltages of the three-phase U, V, and W of the motor as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and can detect the current Ibatt and the current flowing through the battery. The current through the three-phase motor, the currents of the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, 3H and the lower bridge switches 1L, 2L, 3L, such as the currents Iuv, Ion, and Ioff flowing through the U-phase and V-phase of the motor, can be included in Figure 3. The parameter 21 generated by the detection element 20 is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the control element 30 can control the operation of the switching element 110, for example, turn on and control the operation of the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, and 3H of any phase to drive the motor 11 to operate at a high speed in the driving mode 301. According to the rotation speed 211 of the detected parameter 21 obtained from the detection element 20, it can be determined that the motor 11 is currently running at a high speed, a medium speed, or a low speed.

It is worth noting that when the motor 11 is running at a high speed in the driving mode 301, the control element 30 can adjust the lead angle of the motor 11 according to the detected parameter 21, so that the back electromotive force of the motor 11 is higher than that of the power supply element. 12 For example, the voltage of the battery. In this way, while the motor 11 is running at a high speed in the driving mode 301, a part of the current 212 of the motor 11 flows back to the power supply element 12 to recharge the force supply element 12, thereby achieving the purpose of energy recovery. For example, the current that drives the motor 11 flows from the U-phase of the motor 11 to the V-phase of the motor 11, and the current recovered by the power supply element 12 flows back from the V-phase of the motor to the U-phase of the motor 11. Here is only an example. , The present invention is not limited to this.

While the power supply element 12 recovers energy, the motor 11 can keep running in the drive mode 301, preventing the user from changing the throttle command and causing the control element 30 to switch the motor 11 between the drive mode 301 and the rebound mode 302 repeatedly. The operating state causes the back electromotive force to exceed the limit of the control element 30 and damage the control element 30 or other circuit elements.

The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110, for example, turn on and control the operation of the lower axle switch 112 of any phase to drive the motor 11 to operate at a medium speed. At this time, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device 10 is greater than the voltage of the power supply element 12, such as a battery, but less than the voltage of the switching element 110, and enters the rebound mode 302. In the pick-up mode 302, the control element 30 adjusts, for example, the lead angle of the motor 11 according to the parameters 21 detected by the detection element 20, so as to adjust the return voltage and the return current of the power supply element 12 from the motor 11 to The voltage, current and other parameters 21 of the circuit elements such as the motor 11, the power supply element 12, the switching element 110, and the control element 30 are suppressed to be within a safe value range.

The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110, for example, turn on and control the operation of the lower axle switch 112 of any phase to drive the motor 11 to operate at a low speed. At this time, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device 10 is smaller than the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as a battery. The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110 according to the parameter 21 detected by the detection element 20, so as to drive the motor 11 to remain in the rebound mode, and can adjust the amount of rebound current. If necessary, the control element 30 can control a boost circuit (not shown) to increase the voltage of the motor 11 until the back electromotive force exceeds the voltage of the power supply element 12.

If the user instantly increases the throttle, the control element 30 can quickly increase the lead angle of the motor 11 to increase the current 212 flowing to the motor 11, so that the energy of the power supply element 12 enters the motor 11, and the vehicle accelerates, but the circuit needs to be suppressed The parameter 21 of the component is within the safe value range to avoid damage to the circuit component.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a flowchart of the first step of the energy recovery management method of a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor of the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps S101 to S115, which can be applied to the above-mentioned high reluctance motor energy recovery management system.

In step S101, the control element 30 is used to control the operation of the switching element 110 to drive the motor 11 to operate.

In step S103, the control element 30 is used to obtain information on the energy recovery capability of the power supply element 12, such as the battery, such as the battery withstand voltage and the amount of current that can be recovered, and the control element 30, the switching element 110, the motor 11 and other circuit elements can be obtained. The withstand voltage is the withstand voltage, current and other related information.

In step S105, the detection element 20 is used to detect the accelerator status information of the motor device 10, such as an electric vehicle, such as detecting whether the user steps on the accelerator, the time point and the length of time when the user steps on the accelerator, and so on. In addition, the detection element 20 can detect the rotation speed 211 of the motor 11, and can detect the current and voltage parameters 21 of the motor 11, the power supply element 12, such as the battery, and the switching element 110, and the obtained throttle information and detection The parameter 21 is transmitted to the control element 30.

In step S107, the control element 30 is used to determine whether the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than one time the base rotation speed, for example, but not limited to 4000 revolutions. If not, that is, when the control component 30 determines that the rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is equal to or less than one time the base rotation speed, step S109 is executed. If so, that is, when the control component 30 determines that the rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than one time the base rotation speed, step S113 is executed.

In step S109, the control element 30 is used to determine that the motor 11 is running at a low speed 211, and other circuit elements such as the switching element 110 are in a safe state, that is, the actual operating voltage of the circuit element will not exceed its own withstand voltage, and will not cause damage to the circuit element .

In step S111, when the voltage of the motor 11 is too low, the control element 30 can be used to control a boosting module to boost the back electromotive force of the motor 11 to exceed the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as a battery.

In step S113, the control element 30 is used to determine that the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is too high, causing other circuit elements such as the switching element 110 to be in an unsafe state.

In step S115, the control element 30 is used to adjust the lead angle of the motor 11 based on the information obtained in steps S103 and S105 and the detected parameters 21.

Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a flowchart of the second step of the energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor of the embodiment of the present invention may further include the following steps S203 to S211, which can be performed after step S113 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and before step S115, which is suitable for the above-mentioned high reluctance motor. Motor energy recovery management system.

In step S203, the control element 30 is used to determine whether the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than N times the base rotation speed, where N is greater than 1, for example, but not limited to, 2 times the base rotation speed (N=2), taking a base rotation speed of 4000 as an example When the base speed is twice as high as 8000 revolutions.

If so, that is, the control component 30 determines that the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than N times the base rotation speed (for example, but not limited to N=2), and step S205 is executed. If not, that is, when the control component 30 determines that the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than 1 times the base rotation speed but less than N times the base rotation speed, step S209 is executed.

In step S205, it is determined that the motor 11 is operating at a high speed.

In step S207, the drive motor 11 is kept operating at a high speed in the drive mode 301. In the driving mode 301, step S115 is executed to reduce the lead angle of the motor 11 so that the back electromotive force of the motor 11 is higher than the voltage of the power supply element 12, such as a battery. In this way, while the motor 11 is running, a part of the current of the motor 11 recharges the force supply element 12.

In step S209, it is determined that the motor 11 is operating at a medium speed.

In step S211, the motor 11 is brought into the rebound mode 302. When entering the pick-up mode 302, step S115 is executed to adjust the lead angle of the motor 11, so that the current of the motor 11 flows back to the power supply element 12, such as a battery, to recharge the power supply element 12.

Please refer to FIGS. 10 to 13, where FIG. 10 is a graph of the rotation speed of the motor detected by the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention versus time; A graph of the torque of the motor detected by the recovery management system versus time; FIGS. 12 and 13 are graphs of measured data of the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, when the aforementioned motor is running at 8000rpm in the drive mode (normal drive), the torque of the motor is reduced, and the lead angle Beta of the motor is reduced by 10 degrees, so that it flows through the upper part of the motor. The current Iph of the bridge switch is reduced from 100A to 30A, which slows down the electric vehicle. The faster the acceleration and deceleration of the electric vehicle, the more violent the reaction between the current Iph and the lead angle Beta.

When the motor is running at 6000rpm in the drive mode (normal drive), the lead angle Beta of the motor is reduced by 10 degrees to enter the recovery mode, and the current of 50A flows back from the motor to the battery, causing the battery voltage Vd to rise to achieve The purpose of energy recovery.

As shown in Figure 13, when the motor is running at 4000 rpm, as the torque and the lead angle Beta are adjusted, the current Iph through the upper bridge switch of the motor, the current Idc flowing to the battery, and the battery voltage Vd will be changed to Control the motor to run in drive mode or pick-up mode.

[Beneficial effects of the embodiment]

One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system and method provided by the present invention can suppress the voltage, current and other parameters of the circuit element within the safe value range without increasing the cost of the circuit element. Enhance the stability of the motor device, avoid damage to the circuit components, and at the same time have the energy recovery management of the motor at high, medium and low speeds.

The content disclosed above is only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the description and schematic content of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. Within the scope of the patent.

10: Motor device

11: Motor

12: Power supply components

20: Detection component

21: Parameters

211: Speed

212, Iuv, Ion, Ioff, IL, Ibatt, Iph, Idc: current

213, Vbatt, VL, Vd: voltage

30: control element

110: switching element

111, 1H, 2H, 3H: upper bridge switch

112, 1L, 2L, 3L: lower bridge switch

301: drive mode

302: Pick-up Mode

S101~S115, S203~S211: steps

C: Capacitance

D1H, D2H, D3H, D1L, D2L, D3L: internal diode

U, V, W: phase

Cou: U phase coil

Cov: V phase coil

Cow: W phase coil

Eu, Ev, Ew, Euv: back electromotive force

Beta: Leading angle

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention applied to a motor device.

2 is a block diagram of the detection element of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system for detecting the motor device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention to control the motor device to operate in a driving mode or a rebound mode.

4 is a flowchart of the first step of the energy recovery management method of a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the second step of the energy recovery management method of a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a circuit layout diagram of a motor, a switching element, and a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the switching element according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of currents of a motor, a switching element, and a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph of the rotation speed of the motor detected by the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor versus time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a graph of the torque of the motor detected by the energy recovery management system of the high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention versus time.

Fig. 12 is a first measured data diagram of the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a second measured data diagram of the energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

S101~S115: steps

Claims (5)

An energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor is suitable for a motor device. The motor device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switching element. The motor is connected to the power supply element and the switching element, and the power supply element supplies the The power required for the operation of the motor. The energy recovery management system of the high reluctance motor includes: a detection element connected to the motor and configured to detect a parameter of the motor device. The parameter includes the rotation speed of the motor and the switching element, The current and voltage of the motor and the power supply element; and a control element, connected to the detection element and the switching element, and configured to control the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode , According to the parameter to reduce the lead angle of the motor, make the back electromotive force of the motor higher than the voltage of the power supply element, so that when the motor is running in the driving mode, a part of the current of the motor recharges the Power supply element; wherein when the motor runs at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters a rebound mode, in which the control element According to the parameter, the recovery capability of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, the operation state of the switch element is controlled, and the lead angle of the motor is adjusted to restrain the parameter within a safe value range. The high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to claim 1, wherein when the motor is running at a low speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and the control element controls the A booster circuit boosts the back electromotive force of the motor to a voltage exceeding the voltage of the power supply element. The energy recovery management system for a high reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor device is an electric vehicle. A high reluctance motor energy recovery management method, suitable for a motor device, the electrical The machine device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switch element. The power supply element supplies the power required for the operation of the motor. The energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor includes the following steps: detecting a parameter of the motor device, The parameter includes the rotation speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switching element, the motor and the power supply element; controlling the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor at high speed in a driving mode; in the driving mode , According to the parameter to reduce the lead angle of the motor so that the back electromotive force of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element; in the driving mode, use a part of the current of the motor to recharge the power supply element; the motor When operating at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters a rebound mode; and in the rebound mode, according to the parameter, the power supply element’s The recovery capability and the throttle status of the motor device control the operating status of the switch element, and adjust the lead angle of the motor to suppress the parameter within a safe value range. The energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor as described in claim 4, further comprising the following steps: when the motor is running at a low speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and it is maintained in the rebound mode; And boost the back electromotive force of the motor to a voltage exceeding the voltage of the power supply element.

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