TW202208199A - Energy recovery management system and method for high reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy recovery management system and method for a high reluctance motor is provided. A detector module detects parameters that include a speed of the motor, and currents and voltages of the motor, a power supply component. When a control module controls a switch component to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode, the control module reduces an advance angle of the motor such that a back electromotive force of the motor is higher than a voltage of the power supply component. As a result, when the motor runs at the high speed in the driving mode, a part of a current of the motor flows back to the power supply component.

Description

High reluctance motor energy recovery management system and method

The invention relates to a high reluctance motor, in particular to a high reluctance motor energy recovery management system and method.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and other electric vehicles have gradually become the preferred means of transportation for people. Different from bicycles, electric vehicles do not need to be driven by human beings. They are labor-saving and fast than bicycles, and people can travel longer distances. Electric vehicles usually use motors as power components. At present, in the application of electric vehicles, in order to reduce weight and high power density, most of the motors are designed with high speed as the design criterion. However, in order to meet the requirements of high power density, most of the motor devices are designed with built-in magnet motors. And supplemented by weak field control to achieve.

Field weakening control, as the name implies, is to weaken the back EMF of the motor through the controller when the motor is high speed, so that the battery voltage can still be higher than the motor back EMF, and then the current can still flow into the motor to maintain the driving program. However, this also comes with risks: if the field weakening depth of the motor is very deep, such as the field weakening operation at 2 times the base speed, if the controller fails and the field weakening disappears, the back EMF will be twice the battery voltage, and this 2 times the battery voltage may induce insufficient withstand voltage of the switching element and cause overvoltage burnout. The switching element is insufficiently withstand current and burnt out due to overcurrent. The instantaneous current flowing to the battery is very large, which will cause the battery to be damaged.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system, which is suitable for motor devices, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The motor device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switching element. The motor is connected to the power supply element and the switching element. The power supply element supplies the electric power required for the operation of the motor. The high reluctance motor energy recovery management system includes detection elements and control elements. The detection element is connected to the motor and is configured to detect parameters of the motor device, the parameters including the rotational speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switch element, the motor and the power supply element. The control element is connected to the detection element and the switch element. The control element is configured to control the operating state of the switching element, so as to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode, reduce the lead angle of the motor according to the parameters, so that the back electromotive force of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element, so that the motor can be operated at a high speed. During operation in the drive mode, a portion of the motor's current recharges the power supply element.

In one embodiment, when the motor is running at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters the pick-up mode. In the pick-up mode, the control element controls the operating state of the switching element according to the parameters, the recovery capability of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, and adjusts the lead angle of the motor to keep the parameters within a safe value range.

In one embodiment, when the motor is running at a low speed, the open-circuit back EMF of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and the control element controls a booster circuit to boost the back EMF of the motor to exceed the voltage of the power supply element when the motor is maintained in the pick-up mode. component voltage.

In one embodiment, the motor device is an electric vehicle.

In addition, the present invention provides an energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor, which is suitable for a motor device. The motor device has a motor, a power supply element, and a switching element. The power supply element supplies the electric power required for the operation of the motor. The energy recovery management method of the high reluctance motor includes the following steps: detecting a parameter of the motor device, the parameters including the rotational speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switching element, the motor and the power supply element; controlling the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor to Running at high speed in a driving mode; in driving mode, reducing the lead angle of the motor according to parameters so that the back EMF of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element; and in driving mode, using a part of the current of the motor to recharge force supply element.

In one embodiment, the high-reluctance motor energy recovery management method further includes the following steps: when the motor is running at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the motor device open circuit is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters the A pick-up mode; and in the pick-up mode, according to the parameter, the recovery capability of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, the operating state of the switching element is controlled, and the lead angle of the motor is adjusted to suppress the parameter within a safe value range.

In one embodiment, the high-reluctance motor energy recovery management method further includes the following steps: when the motor is running at a low speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and the motor is kept in the pick-up mode; The back EMF is boosted to exceed the voltage of the power supply element.

For a further understanding of the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed descriptions and drawings of the present invention. However, the drawings provided are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The following are specific embodiments to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not drawn according to the actual size, and are stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the related technical contents of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed contents are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "or", as used herein, should include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items as the case may be.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 , wherein FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system applied to a motor device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a high-reluctance motor energy recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. A block diagram of the detection element of the management system used to detect the motor device; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention controlling the motor device to operate in the drive mode or the pick-up mode; FIG. 7 is a block diagram of The circuit layout diagram of the motor, the switch element and the battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a detection element 20 and a control element 30 , and is suitable for a motor device 10 such as, but not limited to, an electric vehicle. The detection element 20 can be connected to the motor device 10 to detect the state data of the motor device 10 . The control element 30 can control the operation of the motor device 10 according to the detected state data of the motor device 10 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the motor device 10 may have a motor 11 and a power supply element 12 . The power supply element 12 is, for example, but not limited to, one or more batteries, or a battery pack composed of a plurality of batteries. The power supply element 12 can be connected to the motor 11 to supply the power required for the motor 11 to operate.

The detection element 20 can detect the motor 11 and the power supply element 12 of the motor device 10 to obtain the parameters 21 of the motor 11 and the power supply element 12 of the motor device 10 . The current 212 and the voltage 213 of the power supply element 12 .

Each phase of the motor 11 is connected to a set of upper bridge switches 111 and lower bridge switches 112 . If necessary, the detection element 20 can be connected to the switching element 110 to detect the voltage and current of the switching element 110 , which can be included in the parameter 21 shown in FIG. 3 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the detection element 20 can be connected to the control element 30 to transmit the detected parameters 21 to the control element 30 . The control element 30 can be connected to the switch element 110 , and can control the operation of the switch element 110 according to the parameter 21 to drive the motor 11 to operate in the drive mode 301 or the pick-up mode 302 .

For example, in this embodiment, the motor 11 can be a three-phase motor. The switching element 110 shown in FIG. 3 may include the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, 3H and the lower bridge switches 1L, 2L, 3L shown in FIG. 6 , which may be, for example, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs).

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the upper switch 1H and the lower switch 1L are connected to one end of the U-phase coil Cou of the motor. The upper switch 2H and the lower switch 2L are connected to one end of the V-phase coil Cov of the motor. The upper switch 3H and the lower switch 3L are connected to one end of the W-phase coil Cow of the motor. As shown in FIG. 7 , the other ends of the U-phase coil Cou, the V-phase coil Cov, and the W-phase coil Cow of the motor are connected to a common contact. The battery with the voltage Vbatt is connected to the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, 3H and the lower bridge switches 1L, 2L, 3L. As shown in Figure 7, when the motor rotates, the U-phase coil Cou, V-phase coil Cov, and W-phase coil Cow of the motor will generate back electromotive force Eu, Ev, and Ew, respectively. Electromotive force Euv.

The detection element 20 shown in FIG. 3 can detect the voltage Vbatt of the battery as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 and the voltages of the three-phase U, V, W of the motor, and can detect the current Ibatt and the current flowing through the battery. The current through the three-phase motor, the currents of the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H, 3H and the lower bridge switches 1L, 2L, 3L, such as the currents Iuv, Ion, and Ioff flowing through the U-phase and V-phase of the motor, can be included in Figure 3. In the parameter 21 generated by the detection element 20 shown.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the control element 30 can control the operation of the switching element 110 , for example, turn on and control the upper bridge switches 1H, 2H and 3H of any phase to operate, so as to drive the motor 11 to run at a high speed in the drive mode 301 , According to the rotational speed 211 of the detected parameter 21 obtained from the detecting element 20, it can be determined that the motor 11 is currently running at a high speed, a medium speed or a low speed.

It is worth noting that when the motor 11 is running in the driving mode 301 at a high speed, the control element 30 can reduce the lead angle of the motor 11 according to the detected parameter 21 so that the back EMF of the motor 11 is higher than that of the power supply element 12 For example the voltage of the battery. In this way, while the motor 11 is running at a high speed in the driving mode 301 , a part of the current 212 of the motor 11 is returned to the power supply element 12 to recharge the power supply element 12 to achieve the purpose of energy recovery. For example, the current for driving the motor 11 flows from the U-phase of the motor 11 to the V-phase of the motor 11 , and the current recovered by the power supply element 12 flows back from the V-phase of the motor to the U-phase of the motor 11 , which is only illustrated here. , the present invention is not limited to this.

While the power supply element 12 recovers energy, the motor 11 can keep running in the drive mode 301 , preventing the user from repeatedly switching the motor 11 between the drive mode 301 and the pick-up mode 302 due to the change of the throttle command by the user. In the operating state, the back electromotive force exceeds the limit of the control element 30 and damages the control element 30 or other circuit elements.

The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110 , for example, turn on and control the operation of the lower bridge switch 112 of any phase, so as to drive the motor 11 to run at a medium speed. At this time, the open-circuit back electromotive force of the motor device 10 is larger than the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as the battery but smaller than the voltage of the switching element 110 , and the pick-up mode 302 is entered. In the pick-up mode 302 , the control element 30 adjusts, for example, the lead angle of the motor 11 according to the parameter 21 detected by the detection element 20 , so as to adjust the pick-up voltage and the pick-up current flowing from the motor 11 back to the power supply element 12 , so as to Other parameters 21 such as voltage, current, etc. of circuit elements such as the motor 11 , the power supply element 12 , the switching element 110 , the control element 30 and the like are suppressed within a safe value range.

The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110 , for example, turn on and control the operation of the lower bridge switch 112 of any phase, so as to drive the motor 11 to operate at a low speed. At this time, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device 10 is smaller than the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as the battery. The control element 30 can control the operation of the switch element 110 according to the parameter 21 detected by the detection element 20 , so as to drive the motor 11 to maintain the pickup mode, and can adjust the amount of pickup current. If necessary, the control element 30 can control a booster circuit (not shown) to boost the voltage of the motor 11 so that the back EMF exceeds the voltage of the power supply element 12 .

If the user instantly increases the accelerator, the control element 30 can rapidly increase the lead angle of the motor 11 to increase the current 212 flowing to the motor 11 , so that the energy of the power supply element 12 enters the motor 11 and the entire vehicle is accelerated, but a suppression circuit is required. Parameter 21 of the component is within safe values to avoid damage to circuit components.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a flowchart of the first step of the energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the method for energy recovery and management of a high-reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps S101 to S115 , which may be applicable to the above-mentioned high-reluctance motor energy recovery and management system.

In step S101 , the control element 30 is used to control the operation of the switching element 110 to drive the motor 11 to operate.

In step S103, the control element 30 is used to obtain the energy recovery capability information of the power supply element 12 such as the battery, such as the withstand voltage of the battery, the amount of current that can be recovered, and the control element 30, the switch element 110, the motor 11 and other circuit elements can be obtained. The withstand voltage is related information such as withstand voltage and current.

In step S105, the detection element 20 is used to detect the accelerator state information of the motor device 10 such as the electric vehicle, such as detecting whether the user steps on the accelerator, the time point and time length of the accelerator. In addition, the detection element 20 can detect the rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 , and can detect parameters 21 such as the current and voltage of the motor 11 , the power supply element 12 such as the battery and the switch element 110 , and combine the obtained accelerator information with the detected The parameters 21 are transmitted to the control element 30 .

In step S107, the control element 30 is used to determine whether the current rotation speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than one time of the base rotation speed, such as but not limited to 4000 rotations. If not, that is, when the control element 30 determines that the rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is equal to or less than one time of the base rotational speed, step S109 is executed. If so, that is, when the control element 30 determines that the rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than one time of the base rotational speed, step S113 is executed.

In step S109, the control element 30 is used to determine that the motor 11 is running at a low speed 211, and other circuit elements such as the switch element 110 are in a safe state, that is, the actual operating voltage of the circuit element will not exceed its own withstand voltage, and will not cause damage to the circuit element .

In step S111 , when the voltage of the motor 11 is too low, the control element 30 can be used to control a boosting module to boost the back EMF of the motor 11 to exceed the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as the battery.

In step S113, the control element 30 is used to determine that the current rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is too high, causing other circuit elements such as the switch element 110 to be in an unsafe state.

In step S115 , the control element 30 is used to adjust the lead angle of the motor 11 according to the information obtained in steps S103 and S105 and the detected parameter 21 .

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a flowchart of the second step of the method for energy recovery and management of a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The energy recovery management method for a high-reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include the following steps S203 to S211, which can be performed after step S113 and before step S115 as shown in FIGS. Motor energy recovery management system.

In step S203, the control element 30 is used to determine whether the current rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than N times the base rotational speed, where N is greater than 1, such as but not limited to 2 times the base rotational speed (N=2). 2 times the base speed is 8000 rpm.

If so, that is, the control element 30 determines that the current rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than N times the base rotational speed (eg, but not limited to, N=2), and executes step S205 . If not, that is, when the control element 30 determines that the current rotational speed 211 of the motor 11 is greater than 1 times the base rotational speed but less than N times the base rotational speed, step S209 is executed.

In step S205, it is determined that the motor 11 is operating at a high speed.

In step S207, the drive motor 11 is kept in the drive mode 301 at high speed. In the driving mode 301, step S115 is performed to reduce the lead angle of the motor 11 so that the back EMF of the motor 11 is higher than the voltage of the power supply element 12 such as the battery. In this way, while the motor 11 is running, a part of the current of the motor 11 is recharged to the power supply element 12 .

In step S209, it is determined that the motor 11 is operating at an intermediate speed.

In step S211, the motor 11 is brought into the lift mode 302. After entering the pick-up mode 302 , step S115 is executed to adjust the lead angle of the motor 11 so as to return the current of the motor 11 to the power supply element 12 such as a battery to recharge the power supply element 12 .

Please refer to FIGS. 10 to 13 , wherein FIG. 10 is a graph of the rotational speed of the motor detected by the high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention versus time; FIG. 11 is the high-reluctance motor energy according to the embodiment of the present invention. A graph of the torque of the motor detected by the recovery management system versus time; FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are the measured data diagrams of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 10 to 12, when the aforementioned motor is running in the drive mode (normal drive) at a speed of 8000rpm, reduce the torque of the motor and reduce the lead angle Beta of the motor by 10 degrees, so that the upper The current Iph of the bridge switch is reduced from 100A to 30A, which makes the electric vehicle slow down. The faster the acceleration and deceleration of the electric vehicle, the more severe the response of the current Iph and the lead angle Beta will be.

When the motor is running at 6000rpm in the drive mode (normal drive), reduce the lead angle Beta of the motor by 10 degrees to enter the recovery mode, and the current of 50A is returned from the motor to the battery, so that the voltage Vd of the battery rises to achieve The purpose of recovering energy.

As shown in Figure 13, when the motor is running at 4000rpm, with the adjustment of torque and lead angle Beta, the current Iph through the upper bridge switch of the motor, the current Idc flowing to the battery and the voltage Vd of the battery will be changed to Control the motor to run in drive mode or pick-up mode.

[Advantageous effects of the embodiment]

One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system and method provided by the present invention can suppress the voltage, current and other parameters of the circuit elements within the safe value range without increasing the cost of the circuit elements , Enhance the stability of the motor device, avoid damage to circuit components, and also manage the energy recovery of the motor at high, medium and low speeds.

The contents disclosed above are only preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent technical changes made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. within the scope of the patent.

10: Motor device 11: Motor 12: Power supply components 20: Detection element 21: Parameters 211: speed 212, Iuv, Ion, Ioff, IL, Ibatt, Iph, Idc: Current 213, Vbatt, VL, Vd: voltage 30: Control elements 110: Switching elements 111, 1H, 2H, 3H: Upper bridge switch 112, 1L, 2L, 3L: lower bridge switch 301: Drive Mode 302: Pickup mode S101~S115, S203~S211: Steps C: Capacitor D1H, D2H, D3H, D1L, D2L, D3L: Internal Diode U, V, W: Phase Cou: U-phase coil Cov: V-phase coil Cow: W-phase coil Eu, Ev, Ew, Euv: Back EMF Beta: lead angle

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system applied to a motor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a detection element of a high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system for detecting a motor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of a high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention controlling the motor device to operate in a drive mode or a pick-up mode.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the first step of the energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the second step of the energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit layout diagram of a motor, a switch element and a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of current flow of a switching element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of currents of a motor, a switching element and a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph of the rotational speed of the motor detected by the high-reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention versus time.

11 is a graph of torque versus time of the motor detected by the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a first measured data diagram of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a second measured data diagram of the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

S101~S115: Steps

Claims (7)

A high reluctance motor energy recovery management system is suitable for a motor device, the motor device has a motor, a power supply element and a switch element, the motor is connected to the power supply element and the switch element, and the power supply element supplies the power supply element. The power required to run the motor, the high reluctance motor energy recovery management system includes: a detection element, connected to the motor, configured to detect a parameter of the motor device, the parameter including the rotational speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switch element, the motor and the power supply element; and a control element, connected to the detection element and the switch element, configured to control the operation state of the switch element, so as to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode, and to reduce the lead angle of the motor according to the parameter, The back EMF of the motor is made higher than the voltage of the power supply element so that a portion of the current of the motor recharges the power supply element during operation of the motor in the drive mode. The energy recovery management system for a high-reluctance motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the motor is running at a medium speed, the open-circuit back electromotive force of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters a A pick-up mode, in which the control element controls the operation state of the switch element according to the parameter, the recovery capability of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, and adjusts the lead angle of the motor to obtain the parameter Suppress within a safe value range. The high reluctance motor energy recovery management system as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the motor is running at a low speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element, and in the pick-up mode, the control element controls A boost circuit boosts the back EMF of the motor to a voltage exceeding the power supply element. The high reluctance motor energy recovery management system according to claim 1, wherein the motor device is an electric vehicle. A high-reluctance motor energy recovery management method is suitable for a motor device, the motor device has a motor, a power supply element and a switch element, the power supply element supplies the power required for the motor to operate, the high-reluctance motor The energy recovery management approach consists of the following steps: Detecting a parameter of the motor device, the parameter including the rotational speed of the motor and the current and voltage of the switch element, the motor and the power supply element; controlling the operating state of the switching element to drive the motor to run at a high speed in a driving mode; In the driving mode, reducing the lead angle of the motor according to the parameter so that the back EMF of the motor is higher than the voltage of the power supply element; and In the drive mode, the power supply element is recharged with a portion of the current of the motor. The energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to claim 5, further comprising the following steps: When the motor is running at a medium speed, the back electromotive force of the open circuit of the motor device is greater than the voltage of the power supply element but less than the withstand voltage of the switching element, and enters a pick-up mode; and In the pick-up mode, according to the parameter, the recovery capability of the power supply element and the throttle state of the motor device, the operating state of the switching element is controlled to adjust the lead angle of the motor to suppress the parameter within a safe value range Inside. The energy recovery management method for a high reluctance motor according to claim 6, further comprising the following steps: When the motor is running at a low speed, the back EMF of the open circuit of the motor device is less than the voltage of the power supply element and remains in the pick-up mode; and The back EMF of the motor is boosted to exceed the voltage of the power supply element.

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