TWI726534B - Common antenna assembly and common antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a common antenna assembly and a common antenna structure. The common antenna assembly includes a substrate, a plurality of patch antenna disposed on the substrate, a matching network disposed on the plurality of patch antennas, and a plurality of phase shifter electrically connected to the matching network. The substrate defines a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other. The patch antennas are collectively formed with a plurality of antenna units. Each of the antenna units has four of the patch antennas. In each of the antenna units along the first direction, any one of the antenna units shares a longitudinal shared antenna unit with each of the adjacent antenna units. In each of the antenna units along the second direction, any one of the antenna units shares a lateral shared antenna unit with each of the adjacent antenna units.

Description

Shared antenna assembly and shared antenna structure

The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to a shared antenna assembly and a shared antenna structure.

According to, the existing antenna assembly includes a substrate, a plurality of antennas on the substrate, and a plurality of phase shifters electrically coupled to the plurality of antennas, wherein the plurality of antennas pass A line is electrically coupled to each other, and is fed in with the corresponding phase shifter to change the phase to achieve the direction switching of the field beam. However, the existing antenna assembly is under the same area of the substrate, the maximum number of the multiple antennas arranged on the substrate is limited (fixed), and the gain effect of the antenna assembly is different from that of the multiple antennas. The number of antennas is directly proportional. In other words, the gain effect of the existing antenna assembly in the same unit area has been limited and cannot be more ideal.

Therefore, the inventor believes that the above-mentioned shortcomings can be improved, and with great concentration of research and the application of scientific principles, we finally propose an invention with reasonable design and effective improvement of the above-mentioned shortcomings.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shared antenna assembly and a shared antenna structure in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, which can effectively improve the defects that may occur in the existing antenna assembly.

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a shared antenna assembly, which includes: a substrate defined with a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; a plurality of chip antennas equally distributed on the substrate, The plurality of the chip antennas are arranged in parallel along the first direction and parallel to the second direction, and a plurality of antenna elements are formed together, and each of the antenna elements is four of the chip antennas in parallel. The two rows in the first direction and the two columns parallel to the second direction are formed; wherein, among the plurality of antenna elements along the first direction, any one of the antenna elements is adjacent to it Each of the antenna elements shares a longitudinal common antenna element composed of two chip antennas that are next to each other, and the longitudinal common antenna elements are arranged along the second direction; wherein Among the plurality of antenna elements in the second direction, any one of the antenna elements and each adjacent antenna element share a horizontal common antenna element composed of two adjacent chip antennas, and The horizontal shared antenna unit is arranged along the second direction; a matching network is electrically coupled to a plurality of the chip antennas; a plurality of phase shifters (phase shifters), the number of which is equal to the number of The number of the antenna units, and each of the phase shifters is electrically coupled to the corresponding matching network in each of the antenna units, so that each of the phase shifters can be used to adjust the corresponding The phases of the four chip antennas in the antenna unit.

The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a shared antenna structure, which includes: a substrate defined with a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; a plurality of chip antennas are equally distributed on the substrate, and a plurality of The chip antennas are arranged parallel to the first direction and parallel to the second direction, and a plurality of antenna elements are formed together, and each of the antenna elements is four of the chip antennas to be parallel to the first direction. Two rows in one direction and two columns parallel to the second direction are formed; a plurality of the chip antennas in each antenna unit are electrically coupled to each other; wherein, in the first direction In each of the antenna elements, any one of the antenna elements and each adjacent antenna element share a longitudinal shared antenna element composed of two patch antennas that are next to each other, and the longitudinal shared The antenna unit is arranged along the second direction; wherein, at every along the second direction Among the antenna units, any one of the antenna units and each adjacent antenna unit share a horizontal shared antenna unit composed of two patch antennas that are next to each other, and the horizontal shared antenna The units are arranged along the second direction; a plurality of phase shifters (phase shifters), the number of which is equal to the number of the antenna units and are electrically coupled to the plurality of antenna units, respectively, so that each The phase shifter can be used to adjust the phases of the four chip antennas corresponding to the antenna unit.

In summary, the shared antenna assembly and the shared antenna structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention share the longitudinal shared antenna unit and the adjacent antenna unit through any one of the antenna elements. The design of the horizontal shared antenna unit enables the shared antenna assembly and the shared antenna structure to have a better gain effect under the same unit area (that is, compared to the substrate under the same area) .

In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings about the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not used to limit the present invention.

100: Shared antenna assembly

1: substrate

11: Antenna layer

12: Line layer

13: Ground plane

2: Chip antenna

21: The first patch antenna

22: The second patch antenna

23: The third patch antenna

24: Fourth patch antenna

25: Fifth patch antenna

26: The sixth patch antenna

27: seventh patch antenna

28: Eighth patch antenna

29: Ninth patch antenna

3: Multiple phase shifters

4: matching network

41: local line

411: first paragraph

412: second paragraph

A: Antenna unit

A1: The first antenna unit

A2: The first antenna unit

A3: The first antenna unit

A4: The first antenna unit

B: Feed into the network

Y1: The first longitudinal shared antenna unit

Y2: The second longitudinal shared antenna unit

X1: The first horizontal shared antenna unit

X2: The second horizontal shared antenna unit

D1: First direction

D2: second direction

C1: Horizontal center distance

C2: Longitudinal center distance

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shared antenna assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the section line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the shared antenna assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the shared antenna assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of the shared antenna assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial plan view of Fig. 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the shared antenna assembly of the present invention when it is electrically coupled to the feeding network.

The following is a specific embodiment to illustrate the implementation of the "shared antenna assembly 100 and shared antenna structure" disclosed in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. . The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and applications, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not drawn according to actual size, and are stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the related technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be understood that although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements or signals, these elements or signals should not be limited by these terms. These terms are mainly used to distinguish one element from another, or one signal from another signal. In addition, the term "or" used in this document may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.

1-7, this embodiment provides a shared antenna assembly 100, which includes a substrate 1, a plurality of chip antennas 2 arranged on the substrate 1, and a plurality of the chip antennas 2 A matching network 4 electrically coupled, and a plurality of phase shifters 3 (phase shifters) electrically coupled to the matching network 4. Specifically, each of the patch antennas 2 is fed through each corresponding phase shifter 3 to change the phase to achieve the direction switching of the field beam. It should be noted that the shared antenna assembly 100 is a monopole antenna structure in this embodiment, but it is not limited to what is contained in this embodiment. For example, the present invention may also be a dipole antenna structure composed of two common antenna assemblies 100 in other embodiments not shown.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned substrate 1, the plurality of chip antennas 2, and the plurality of phases Although the shifter 3 and the matching network 4 are collectively defined as the shared antenna assembly 100 in this embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the substrate 1, the plurality of chip antennas 2 and the plurality of phase shifters 3 may be collectively defined as a shared antenna structure, and the shared antenna structure may also be separately Use (such as: sale) or use with other components. The structure of each component of the shared antenna assembly 100 will be separately introduced below, and the connection relationship between the components of the shared antenna assembly 100 will be described in a timely manner.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the substrate 1 defines a first direction D1 and a second direction D2 perpendicular to each other. Specifically, the first direction D1 is the left-right direction in FIG. 2, and the second direction D2 is the up-down direction in FIG. 2. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the substrate 1 has a rectangular multilayer board structure, and the substrate 1 has an antenna layer 11 configured with a plurality of the chip antennas 2 and is located between the antenna layer 11 and the antenna layer 11. A circuit layer 12 on the opposite side; wherein the antenna layer 11 may be a copper foil substrate (FR-4) in this embodiment, and the circuit layer 12 may be a laminate (for example: Rogers 4350), but It is not limited to what is contained in this embodiment. Further, the substrate 1 is further provided with a ground layer 13 between the antenna layer 11 and the circuit layer 12, and the ground layer 13 is used to electrically couple with a ground wire (not shown).

Referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, a plurality of the chip antennas 2 are equally distributed on the substrate 1, and the plurality of chip antennas 2 are parallel to the first direction D1 and parallel to the second direction D1. The direction D2 is arranged in a row, and a plurality of antenna elements A are formed together, and each of the antenna elements A is four of the chip antennas 2 so as to be parallel to the two rows of the first direction D1 and parallel to the second direction D2. Formed by two columns. To put it another way, the multiple chip antennas 2 are located on the antenna layer 11 and are arranged in a two-by-two matrix (checkerboard).

Furthermore, among the plurality of antenna elements A along the first direction D1, any one of the antenna elements A and each adjacent antenna element A share two adjacent antenna elements A. A longitudinal shared antenna unit composed of the chip antenna 2, and the longitudinal shared antenna unit It is arranged along the second direction D2. In addition, among the plurality of antenna elements A along the second direction D2, any one of the antenna elements A and each adjacent antenna element A share the two adjacent sheet-shaped elements. The antenna 2 is composed of a horizontal shared antenna unit, and the horizontal shared antenna unit is arranged along the first direction D1.

To put it another way, the plurality of antenna units A of the present invention are arranged in M rows along the first direction D1 and arranged in N columns along the second direction D2, so that the plurality of antenna units A are arranged in A matrix of M times N is formed on the substrate 1, and the total number of the plurality of chip antennas 2 of the present invention will be (M+1) times (N+1). An example will be described below. For detailed description, this example will be described with four adjacent antenna units A located on the substrate 1, but it is not limited to what is contained in this description.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, there are a total of nine chip antennas 2 in the four antenna units A, and the nine chip antennas 2 are in a three-by-three matrix configuration, and are shown in the figure In 5, from left to right and from top to bottom, it is defined as a first patch antenna 21, a second patch antenna 22, a third patch antenna 23, a fourth patch antenna 24, and a fifth patch antenna. Patch antenna 25, a sixth patch antenna 26, a seventh patch antenna 27, an eighth patch antenna 28, and a ninth patch antenna 29; the four antenna units A are shown in FIG. 5 The sequence is defined from left to right and top to bottom as a first antenna element A1, a second antenna element A2, a third antenna element A3, and a fourth antenna element A4. The first antenna element A1 and the second antenna unit A2 share a first longitudinal common antenna unit Y1 composed of the second patch antenna 22 and the fifth patch antenna 25, and the third antenna unit A3 and the fourth antenna unit A4 share a second longitudinal shared antenna unit Y2 composed of the fifth patch antenna 25 and the eighth patch antenna 28; wherein, the first longitudinal shared antenna unit The fifth patch antenna 25 is shared between the antenna unit Y1 and the second longitudinal antenna unit Y2.

In addition, the first antenna unit A1 and the third antenna unit A3 share a first horizontal shared antenna unit composed of the fourth chip antenna 24 and the fifth chip antenna 25. Element X1, and the second antenna unit A2 and the fourth antenna unit A4 share a second horizontal shared antenna composed of the fifth patch antenna 25 and the sixth patch antenna 26 Unit X2; wherein, the fifth chip antenna 25 is shared between the first horizontal shared antenna unit X1 and the second horizontal antenna unit X2. That is to say, the first antenna unit A1, the second antenna unit A2, the third antenna unit A3, and the fourth antenna unit A4 share the same center at the center of the 3-by-3 matrix. The fifth patch antenna 25 is described.

It should be noted that although the foregoing description is explained with only four antenna units A, the present invention is not limited to the number of antenna units A; specifically, the multiple antenna units A of the present invention Based on the above-mentioned inventive spirit, the number of the antenna units A can be expanded indefinitely by analogy.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 2, among the plurality of antenna units A along the first direction D1, the center points of any two adjacent antenna units A are defined along the first direction D1 There is a horizontal center distance C1; among the plurality of antenna units A along the second direction D2, the center points of any two adjacent antenna units A define a longitudinal center along the second direction D2 Distance C2; the horizontal center distance C1 and the longitudinal center distance C2 are the same. In addition, the shared antenna assembly is suitable for a transmission frequency band, and the longitudinal center distance C2 and the lateral center distance C1 are each 0.5 to 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the transmission frequency band.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the matching network 4 is disposed on the circuit layer 12 of the substrate 1, and the matching network 4 passes through the circuit layer 12 and the ground layer 13. The antenna layer 11 is electrically coupled to a plurality of the chip antennas 2, and the matching network 4 can be electrically coupled to a feeding network B (as shown in FIG. 7).

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the matching network 4 defines a local line 41 in each antenna unit A, the local line 41 is in the shape of an H, and any one of the local The line 41 and the adjacent local line 41 are in a 90-degree inverted configuration. In detail, every The matching network 4 has two first segments 411 and a second segment 412 located between the two first segments 411, and both ends of each first segment 411 are electrically coupled to each other. In the chip antenna 2, two ends of the second section 412 are electrically coupled to the first section 411 respectively.

The number of the multiple phase shifters 3 is equal to the number of the multiple antenna units A, and they are electrically coupled to the multiple antenna units A respectively, so that each of the phase shifters 3 can be used The phases of the four chip antennas 2 corresponding to the antenna unit A are adjusted. Specifically. In this embodiment, each of the phase shifters 3 may be arranged on the second section 412 of the corresponding local line 41, and each of the phase shifters 3 and the feeding network B It is electrically coupled (as shown in FIG. 7), but is not limited to what is described in this embodiment. It should be noted that the manner in which the feeding network is electrically coupled to the plurality of phase shifters 3 is a technique known to those in the art, and is not the focus of this case, so it will not be described in detail here. Detail.

[Technical Effects of Embodiments of the Invention]

In summary, the shared antenna assembly 100 and the shared antenna structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention share the longitudinal shared antenna unit A with its adjacent antenna unit A through any one of the antenna unit A and the shared antenna structure. The design of the antenna unit and the horizontal shared antenna unit enables the shared antenna assembly 100 and the shared antenna structure to have the same unit area (that is, compared to the substrate 1 under the same area). Better gain effect.

The content disclosed above is only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the description and schematic content of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. Within the scope of the patent.

100: Shared antenna assembly

1: substrate

11: Antenna layer

12: Line layer

13: Ground plane

2: Chip antenna

3: Multiple phase shifters

4: matching network

D1: First direction

D2: second direction

Claims (10)

A shared antenna assembly, comprising: a substrate defining a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; a plurality of chip antennas equally distributed on the substrate, and a plurality of the chip antennas A plurality of antenna elements are arranged in parallel along the first direction and parallel to the second direction, and each of the antenna elements is four of the chip antennas and two parallel to the first direction. A row and two columns parallel to the second direction; wherein, among the plurality of antenna elements along the first direction, any one of the antenna elements is shared with each adjacent antenna element A longitudinal shared antenna unit composed of two of the chip antennas next to each other, and the longitudinal shared antenna unit is arranged along the second direction; wherein, in the plurality of antennas along the second direction In the antenna unit, any one of the antenna units and each adjacent antenna unit share a horizontal shared antenna unit composed of two patch antennas that are next to each other, and the horizontal shared antenna unit is along Arranged in the first direction; a matching network electrically coupled to a plurality of the chip antennas; and a plurality of phase shifters, the number of which is equal to the number of the antenna units, And each of the phase shifters is electrically coupled to the corresponding matching network in any one of the antenna units, so that each of the phase shifters can be used to adjust four of the corresponding antenna units. The phase of each of the chip antennas. The shared antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein, in each antenna element along the first direction, the center points of any two adjacent antenna elements are defined along the first direction There is a transverse center distance; in each antenna unit along the second direction, the center points of any two adjacent antenna units define a longitudinal center distance along the second direction; the transverse center distance The distance from the longitudinal center is the same. The shared antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein the shared antenna assembly is suitable for a transmission frequency band, and the longitudinal center distance and the horizontal center distance are each a center frequency of the transmission frequency band The corresponding wavelength is 0.5 to 0.8 times. The shared antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the substrate includes an antenna layer provided with a plurality of the chip antennas, and a circuit layer on the opposite side to the antenna layer, and the matching The network is disposed on the circuit layer, and passes through the circuit layer and the antenna layer to be electrically coupled to a plurality of the chip antennas, and the matching network can be electrically coupled to a feeding network . The shared antenna assembly according to claim 4, wherein the substrate includes a ground layer, the ground layer is located between the antenna layer and the circuit layer, and the ground layer is used to connect to a ground The line is electrically coupled. The shared antenna assembly according to claim 4, wherein the matching network defines a partial circuit in each antenna unit, the partial circuit is H-shaped, and any one of the partial circuits and The adjacent local lines are arranged in a 90-degree inverted configuration. The shared antenna assembly according to claim 6, wherein each of the matching networks has two first segments and a second segment located between the two first segments, and each of the first segments Two ends of a section are electrically coupled to the chip antenna, two ends of the second section are respectively electrically coupled to the first section, and the second section is electrically coupled with corresponding The phase shifter. A shared antenna structure, which includes: A substrate is defined with a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; a plurality of chip antennas are equally distributed on the substrate, and the plurality of chip antennas are parallel to the first direction and parallel The second direction is arranged in a row, and a plurality of antenna elements are formed together, and each of the antenna elements is four of the chip antennas in two rows parallel to the first direction and two parallel to the second direction. A plurality of the chip antennas in each of the antenna units are electrically coupled to each other; wherein, in each of the antenna units along the first direction, any one of the antenna units Each of the antenna elements adjacent thereto shares a longitudinal common antenna element composed of two chip antennas that are next to each other, and the longitudinal common antenna element is arranged along the second direction; wherein, In each of the antenna elements along the second direction, any one of the antenna elements and each of its neighboring antenna elements share a horizontal sharing consisting of two patch antennas that are next to each other Antenna unit, and the horizontal shared antenna unit is arranged along the first direction; and a plurality of phase shifters (phase shifters), the number of which is equal to the number of the antenna units and is electrically coupled to the plurality of phase shifters. Each of the antenna units, so that each of the phase shifters can be used to adjust the phase of the four chip antennas in the corresponding antenna unit. The shared antenna structure according to claim 8, wherein, among the plurality of antenna elements along the first direction, the center points of any two adjacent antenna elements are along the first direction A transverse center distance is defined; among the plurality of antenna elements along the second direction, the center points of any two adjacent antenna elements define a longitudinal center distance along the second direction; The horizontal center distance is the same as the longitudinal center distance. The shared antenna structure according to claim 9, wherein the shared antenna structure The structure is suitable for a transmission frequency band, and the longitudinal center distance and the lateral center distance are each 0.5 to 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the transmission frequency band.

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