JP2015046798A - Circular polarization patch array antenna device - Google Patents

Circular polarization patch array antenna device Download PDF

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JP2015046798A
JP2015046798A JP2013177373A JP2013177373A JP2015046798A JP 2015046798 A JP2015046798 A JP 2015046798A JP 2013177373 A JP2013177373 A JP 2013177373A JP 2013177373 A JP2013177373 A JP 2013177373A JP 2015046798 A JP2015046798 A JP 2015046798A
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circularly polarized
phase difference
antenna
patch
waveguide
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JP6178672B2 (en
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和夫 及川
Kazuo Oikawa
和夫 及川
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an array of a non-multilayer structure at low cost without a deteriorated axial ratio, with an expanded aperture area of an antenna.SOLUTION: In an electric field plane of a patch probe 14 on the end face of a waveguide 12, there are provided branch units 15a, 15b by the connection of symmetrical two points relative to the center of a waveguide to a conductor section on the surface of an antenna substrate 10. Circular polarization having a phase difference of 180 degrees is fed to the branch units 15a, 15b. Circular patches 18a, e, f are disposed on one microstrip line 17a of the branch unit 15a, and circular patches 18b, g, h are connected to another microstrip line 17b through a 90-degree phase difference transmission line 20, to thereby form a patch array section 22A. A patch array section 22B having the same configuration as the patch array section 22A is disposed at a rotation symmetrical position around the center of the waveguide.

Description

本発明は、円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置、特に給電線路が放射素子と同一面にあるマイクロストリップアンテナ構造の円偏波パッチアレーアンテナに関する。   The present invention relates to a circularly polarized patch array antenna device, and more particularly to a circularly polarized patch array antenna having a microstrip antenna structure in which a feed line is flush with a radiating element.

従来から、平面アンテナで円偏波を発生させる方法としてアンテナパッチ（アンテナ素子）等の縮退分離素子を装荷した一点給電型パッチアンテナ（装置）があり、このアンテナは、レイアウトがシンプルでアレイ化に適している。   Conventionally, there is a single-point feed type patch antenna (device) loaded with degenerate separation elements such as an antenna patch (antenna element) as a method of generating circularly polarized waves with a planar antenna. This antenna has a simple layout and can be arrayed. Is suitable.

特開２００９−１７１３２６号公報JP 2009-171326 A

ところで、上記一点給電型パッチアンテナの中に、給電線路としてのマイクロストリップ線路と複数のアンテナパッチを同一面に配置したもの（マイクロストリップアンテナ構造）があり、この場合は、アンテナパッチを接続する給電線路の影響により軸比が悪化するという問題がある。例えば、マイクロストリップ線路に対し等間隔で１列に円偏波アンテナパッチを配置し、マイクロストリップ線路でのマイクロ波の進行方向（Ｆ２）とアンテナパッチで発生する円偏波の回転方向（Ｆ１）が同じ（同相）となるようにレイアウトした場合［図８（Ａ）］、給電部の影響は軽減されるが、逆相となるようにレイアウトした場合［図８（Ｂ）］には、軸比が劣化する。 By the way, among the one-point feed type patch antennas, there is one (microstrip antenna structure) in which a microstrip line as a feed line and a plurality of antenna patches are arranged on the same plane. There is a problem that the axial ratio deteriorates due to the influence of the track. For example, circularly polarized antenna patches are arranged in a row at equal intervals with respect to the microstrip line, and the traveling direction of the microwave (F 2 ) in the microstrip line and the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized wave generated in the antenna patch (F 1 ) When the layout is made to be the same (in-phase) [FIG. 8A], the influence of the power feeding unit is reduced, but when the layout is made to have the opposite phase [FIG. 8B] The axial ratio deteriorates.

一方、軸比の劣化なくアレイ化を行う方法として、従来では、円偏波アンテナパッチ部とマイクロストリップ（給電線路）を分離するように基板を多層構造としたり、円偏波アンテナパッチ部以外を金属板でカバーしたりすることが行われるが、このような方法では、構造が複雑となり、コスト的にも高くなる。   On the other hand, as a method of arraying without deterioration of the axial ratio, conventionally, the substrate has a multilayer structure so as to separate the circularly polarized antenna patch part and the microstrip (feed line), or other than the circularly polarized antenna patch part. Although covering with a metal plate is performed, such a method makes the structure complicated and increases the cost.

また、上記特許文献１のようなマイクロストリップアンテナ構造のアンテナ装置があり、この例では、マイクロストリップ線路に環状線路を備え、この環状線路から外方へ放射状に延在するように円偏波アンテナ素子を配置することで、構成の簡略化を図っている。しかし、このアンテナ装置においては、円偏波アンテナ素子の外方へ更に円偏波アンテナ素子を配置してアンテナの開口面積を増やすことが困難となる。   Further, there is an antenna device having a microstrip antenna structure as described in Patent Document 1, and in this example, a circularly polarized antenna is provided so that a microstrip line is provided with an annular line and extends radially outward from the annular line. By arranging the elements, the configuration is simplified. However, in this antenna device, it is difficult to increase the aperture area of the antenna by further arranging the circularly polarized antenna element outside the circularly polarized antenna element.

本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、軸比の劣化がなく、多層構造とすることもなく、低コストでアレイ化を行うことができ、またアンテナの開口面積を増やすことも可能となる円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is that there is no deterioration of the axial ratio, no multi-layer structure, low cost arraying, and antenna opening area. Is to provide a circularly polarized patch array antenna device.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項１の発明に係る円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置は、導波管端のアンテナ基板部分に配置され、このアンテナ基板上に１８０度位相差のある電波を振分け給電する２つの分岐部を形成する１８０度位相差給電部と、上記アンテナ基板上の２つの分岐部の各々に接続され、かつ複数の円偏波パッチ（アンテナパッチ）を有し、この円偏波パッチと上記１８０度位相差給電部を接続する給電線路に位相差伝送線路を形成することにより、上記複数の円偏波パッチ間に所定の位相差を付与した２組のパッチアレー部と、を備え、上記２組のパッチアレー部を上記１８０度位相差給電部の中心（導波管中心）に対し回転対称の位置に配置したことを特徴とする。
請求項２に係る発明の上記１８０度位相差給電部は、上記導波管の端面部に配置されたパッチプローブにおいて、電界面内で導波管中心に対し対称となる２箇所を上記アンテナ基板の２つの分岐部へ配線するパッチプローブ型１８０度位相差給電構造、又は上記導波管の端面が配置されたアンテナ基板裏面に導波管中心に位置するスロットを形成し、このスロットを横切るアンテナ基板表面のストリップ線路の両側を上記アンテナ基板の２つの分岐部とするスロット型１８０度位相差給電構造としたことを特徴とする。
請求項３に係る発明の上記パッチアレー部は、上記円偏波パッチ間の給電位相を９０度偏移させる９０度位相差伝送線路を設けたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a circularly polarized patch array antenna device according to the invention of claim 1 is arranged on an antenna substrate portion at a waveguide end, and distributes radio waves having a phase difference of 180 degrees on the antenna substrate. A 180-degree phase difference feeder that forms two branches to be fed and a plurality of circularly polarized patches (antenna patches) connected to each of the two branches on the antenna substrate. Two sets of patch array units, each having a predetermined phase difference between the plurality of circularly polarized patches, by forming a phase difference transmission line in a feeding line connecting the wave patch and the 180-degree phase difference feeding unit; The two sets of patch array sections are arranged at rotationally symmetric positions with respect to the center (waveguide center) of the 180-degree phase difference feeding section.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the patch probe disposed on the end face portion of the waveguide, the antenna substrate includes two locations that are symmetrical with respect to the center of the waveguide in the electric field plane. A patch probe type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure that is wired to two branch portions of the antenna, or a slot located at the center of the waveguide is formed on the back surface of the antenna substrate on which the end face of the waveguide is arranged, and an antenna that crosses the slot A slot-type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure having two branch portions of the antenna substrate on both sides of the strip line on the substrate surface is characterized.
The patch array section of the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a 90-degree phase difference transmission line for shifting the feeding phase between the circularly polarized patches by 90 degrees is provided.

上記の構成によれば、１８０度位相差給電部に対し、例えば９０度位相差伝送線路を有するパッチアレー部の２組を回転対称位置に配置することで、円偏波パッチと給電線路（マイクロストリップ線路）をアンテナ中心から放射状の４方向に配置し、かつ給電線路を進む電波（マイクロ波）の方向と円偏波パッチで発生する円偏波の回転方向が同相となるようにレイアウトすることで、アンテナ中心から４方向で順に９０度ずつ給電位相が遷移する状態が得られる。これにより、単層基板のマイクロストリップアンテナ構造であっても、中心の正面に対し軸対称性のよい円偏波パッチアレーアンテナが実現できる。   According to the above configuration, for example, by arranging two sets of patch array units having a 90-degree phase difference transmission line at a rotationally symmetric position with respect to the 180-degree phase difference feed unit, (Strip line) is arranged in four radial directions from the center of the antenna and laid out so that the direction of the radio wave (microwave) traveling along the feed line and the rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave generated by the circularly polarized patch are in phase. Thus, a state is obtained in which the feeding phase transitions by 90 degrees in order in four directions from the center of the antenna. Thereby, even if it is a microstrip antenna structure of a single layer substrate, a circular polarization patch array antenna with good axial symmetry with respect to the center front can be realized.

本発明の円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置によれば、軸比の劣化がなく、多層構造とすることもなく、低コストでアレイ化が可能になる単層基板のマイクロストリップアンテナ構造を得ることができ、また給電部を中心として配置した例えば４つの円偏波パッチの外側へマイクロストリップ線路を介して複数の円偏波パッチを多段に接続し、アンテナの開口面積を増やすことも可能になるという効果がある。   According to the circularly polarized patch array antenna device of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a microstrip antenna structure of a single-layer substrate that can be arrayed at low cost without deterioration of the axial ratio and without having a multilayer structure. It is also possible to connect a plurality of circularly polarized patches in multiple stages via a microstrip line to the outside of, for example, four circularly polarized patches arranged around the power feeding portion, thereby increasing the aperture area of the antenna. effective.

本発明の第１実施例に係る円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置の基板表面の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the board | substrate surface of the circularly polarized wave patch array antenna apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. 第１実施例のアンテナ装置の構成を示し、図（Ａ）は導波管側から見たアンテナ基板裏面側の図、図（Ｂ）は図（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線で切断した断面図である。The structure of the antenna apparatus of 1st Example is shown, FIG. (A) is a figure of the antenna substrate back surface side seen from the waveguide side, FIG. (B) is sectional drawing cut | disconnected by the BB line of FIG. It is. 第１実施例のアンテナ装置の中心部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the center part of the antenna apparatus of 1st Example. 第１実施例のアンテナ装置の斜視図で、図（Ａ）は表面側の図、図（Ｂ）は裏面側の図である。It is a perspective view of the antenna apparatus of 1st Example, A figure (A) is a figure on the surface side, A figure (B) is a figure on the back side. 第２実施例のアンテナ装置の構成を示し、図（Ａ）は導波管側から見たアンテナ基板裏面側の図、図（Ｂ）は図（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線で切断した断面図である。The structure of the antenna apparatus of 2nd Example is shown, FIG. (A) is a figure of the antenna substrate back side seen from the waveguide side, FIG. (B) is sectional drawing cut | disconnected by the BB line of FIG. (A) It is. 第２実施例のアンテナ装置の中心部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the center part of the antenna apparatus of 2nd Example. 実施例のアンテナ装置の特性を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the antenna apparatus of an Example. マイクロストリップ線路と円偏波パッチの構成及びその電波の伝送状態を示す図で、図（Ａ）は同相の場合の図、図（Ｂ）は逆相の場合の図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a microstrip line and a circularly polarized wave patch, and the transmission state of the radio wave, and a figure (A) is a figure in the case of in-phase, and a figure (B) is a figure in the case of reverse phase.

図１乃至図４には、第１実施例の円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置の構成が示されており、この装置は、図２に示されるように、パッチプローブ型１８０度位相差給電の構造を用いたものである。図２（Ａ），（Ｂ）において、アンテナ基板１０の裏面の接地導体には、導波管１２の端面が接触配置されるが、この導波管１２の端面部に、図５（Ｂ）にも示されるように、小基板１３を介してパッチプローブ１４が取り付けられており、このパッチプローブ１４の電界面（Ｅ面）内で導波管中心に対し対称となる２箇所をアンテナ基板１０の表面の導体部へ接続し、この２つの導体部を分岐部１５ａ，１５ｂとする。このようにして形成された分岐部１５ａ，１５ｂの一方は、他方の分岐部に対し１８０度だけ位相差となり、振幅が同一となる電波が給電される。   1 to 4 show the configuration of the circularly polarized patch array antenna apparatus of the first embodiment. This apparatus has a patch probe type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure as shown in FIG. Is used. 2A and 2B, the end face of the waveguide 12 is placed in contact with the ground conductor on the back surface of the antenna substrate 10. The end face of the waveguide 12 is connected to the end face portion of FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the patch probe 14 is attached via the small substrate 13, and the antenna substrate 10 has two locations that are symmetrical with respect to the center of the waveguide within the electric field plane (E plane) of the patch probe 14. The two conductor portions are referred to as branch portions 15a and 15b. One of the branch portions 15a and 15b formed in this way is fed with radio waves having a phase difference of 180 degrees with respect to the other branch portion and having the same amplitude.

図３には、図１のアンテナ装置の中心部の構成が示されており、実施例では、分岐部１５ａ，１５ｂのそれぞれに、パッチアレー部（２２Ａ，２２Ｂ）が配置される。１組目のパッチアレー部２２Ａでは、一方の分岐部１５ａに、給電線路としてマイクロストリップ線路１７が配線され、例えば分岐部１５ａから右側にマイクロストリップ線路１７ａ、上側にマイクロストリップ線路１７ｂが設けられ、右側のマイクロストリップ線路１７ａに、分岐線路を介して円偏波パッチ（アンテナパッチ）１８ａが配置される。   FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the central portion of the antenna apparatus of FIG. 1. In the embodiment, patch array portions (22A, 22B) are arranged in the branch portions 15a, 15b, respectively. In the first set of patch array portions 22A, the microstrip line 17 is wired as a feed line to one branch portion 15a. For example, the microstrip line 17a is provided on the right side from the branch portion 15a, and the microstrip line 17b is provided on the upper side. A circularly polarized wave patch (antenna patch) 18a is arranged on the right microstrip line 17a via a branch line.

他方のマイクロストリップ線路１７ｂには、給電位相を９０度だけ遷移させる９０度位相伝送線路２０が設けられると共に、分岐線路を介して円偏波パッチ１８ｂが配置される。上記円偏波パッチ１８ａ，１８ｂは、図８（Ａ）に示されるように、両方において、電界の例えば右旋の回転方向Ｆ１の位相がマイクロストリップ線路１７ａ，１７ｂのマイクロ波の進行方向Ｆ２の位相と一致する（同相となる）ように配置される。上記円偏波パッチ１８ａ，１８ｂは、円形導体板（プリント面）に、斜めスリットを形成したものであるが、この円偏波パッチとしては、周知の各種形状のものが適用できる。 The other microstrip line 17b is provided with a 90-degree phase transmission line 20 for shifting the feeding phase by 90 degrees, and a circularly polarized patch 18b is arranged via a branch line. The circular polarized patch 18a, 18b, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), in both phases microstrip line 17a in the rotational direction F 1 of the example right- field, the traveling direction F of the microwave 17b It arrange | positions so that it may correspond with the phase of 2 (it becomes in-phase). The circularly polarized patches 18a and 18b are formed by forming oblique slits on a circular conductor plate (printed surface), and various known shapes can be applied as the circularly polarized patches.

そして、上記１組目と全く同じ構造のパッチアレー部を給電部中心（導波管中心）に対して１８０度回転させ、回転対称となるように、分岐部１５ｂに配線することで、２組目のパッチアレー部２２Ｂを構成する。即ち、パッチアレー部２２Ｂは、回転位置が異なるだけで、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｃと円偏波パッチ１８ｃ、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｄと円偏波パッチ１８ｄは、パッチアレー部２２Ａの構成と全く同一となる。その結果、上記円偏波パッチ１８ｃ，１８ｄは、両方共に、図８（Ａ）のように、電界の例えば右旋の回転方向Ｆ１の位相がマイクロストリップ線路１７ｃ，１７ｄのマイクロ波の進行方向Ｆ２の位相と一致し、同相となる。 Then, the patch array portion having the same structure as that of the first set is rotated 180 degrees with respect to the center of the power feeding portion (waveguide center) and wired to the branch portion 15b so as to be rotationally symmetric. The eye patch array section 22B is configured. That is, the patch array unit 22B is different in the rotational position, and the microstrip line 17c and the circularly polarized patch 18c, and the microstrip line 17d and the circularly polarized patch 18d are exactly the same as the configuration of the patch array unit 22A. As a result, the circular polarized patch 18c, 18 d is in both, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), the phase microstrip line 17c in the rotational direction F 1 of the example right- field, the traveling direction of microwaves 17d consistent with F 2 phase, the same phase.

更に、実施例では、図１に示されるように、上記円偏波パッチ１８ａ〜１８ｄの外側に、それぞれ２個ずつ、計８個の円偏波パッチ１８ｅ〜１８ｌが分岐線路を介して接続される。即ち、マイクロストリップ線路１７ａに、この線路のマイクロ波進行方向（Ｆ２）と回転方向（Ｆ１）が同相となる円偏波パッチ１８ｅ，１８ｆを配線し、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｂに、この線路のマイクロ波進行方向と回転方向が同相となる円偏波パッチ１８ｇ，１８ｈを配線し、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｃに、この線路のマイクロ波進行方向と回転方向が同相となる円偏波パッチ１８ｉ，１８ｊを配線し、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｄに、この線路のマイクロ波進行方向と回転方向が同相となる円偏波パッチ１８ｋ，１８ｌを配線する。なお、各パッチ間のマイクロストリップ線路１７ａ〜１７ｄ及び分岐線路は、その幅や線路長を調整することで、全体のリターンロスを最適化するインピーダンスとアレイ化の条件が満たされるように設計される。 Further, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two circularly polarized patches 18e to 18l are connected to the outside of the circularly polarized patches 18a to 18d, two in total, via branch lines. The That is, circularly polarized patches 18e and 18f in which the microwave traveling direction (F 2 ) and the rotational direction (F 1 ) of this line are in phase are wired to the microstrip line 17a, and this line is connected to the microstrip line 17b. Circularly polarized patches 18g and 18h having the same phase in the microwave traveling direction and the rotational direction are wired, and circularly polarized patches 18i and 18j having the same phase in the microwave traveling direction and the rotational direction of the line are connected to the microstrip line 17c. Wiring is performed, and circularly polarized patches 18k and 18l having the same phase as the microwave traveling direction and the rotating direction of the line are wired to the microstrip line 17d. Note that the microstrip lines 17a to 17d and the branch lines between the patches are designed such that the impedance and the arraying conditions for optimizing the overall return loss are satisfied by adjusting the width and the line length. .

第１実施例は、以上の構成からなり、このアンテナ装置では、マイクロストリップ線路１７ａにて配線された円偏波パッチ１８ａ，１８ｅ，１８ｆに対して位相０度の電波、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｂにて配線された円偏波パッチ１８ｂ，１８ｇ，１８ｈに対して位相９０度の電波、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｃにて配線された円偏波パッチ１８ｃ，１８ｉ，１８ｊに対して位相１８０度の電波、マイクロストリップ線路１７ｄにて配線された円偏波パッチ１８ｄ，１８ｋ，１８ｌに対して位相２７０度の電波が給電され、円偏波による通信が実行される。   The first embodiment has the above-described configuration. In this antenna apparatus, radio waves having a phase of 0 degrees with respect to the circularly polarized patches 18a, 18e, and 18f wired by the microstrip line 17a are transmitted by the microstrip line 17b. Radio waves with a phase of 90 degrees for the circularly polarized patches 18b, 18g, and 18h wired, radio waves with a phase of 180 degrees for the circularly polarized patches 18c, 18i, and 18j wired with the microstrip line 17c, and microstrip Radio waves with a phase of 270 degrees are fed to the circularly polarized patches 18d, 18k, and 18l wired on the line 17d, and communication using circularly polarized waves is executed.

このような第１実施例の構成によれば、中心部の円偏波パッチ１８ａ〜１８ｄの方が給電分配比率は高くなる分布給電が容易に実現できるが、外側の円偏波パッチ１８ｅ〜１８ｌを含めた多数のパッチにより、良好な軸比の、指向性においても左右対称性のよいアンテナ特性が得られる。   According to the configuration of the first embodiment as described above, the circularly polarized patches 18a to 18d at the center can easily achieve distributed feeding with a higher power distribution ratio, but the outer circularly polarized patches 18e to 18l. With a large number of patches including the antenna characteristic, antenna characteristics with a good axial ratio and good symmetry in directivity can be obtained.

図７には、実施例のアンテナ装置を右（旋）円偏波用とした場合の特性が示されており、図７に示されるように、右円偏波において良好なアンテナ特性が得られ、角度の対称性も高くなっていることが分かる。   FIG. 7 shows characteristics when the antenna device of the embodiment is for right (circular) circular polarization. As shown in FIG. 7, good antenna characteristics can be obtained with right circular polarization. It can be seen that the symmetry of the angle is also high.

図５及び図６には、第２実施例のアンテナ装置の構成が示されており、この装置は、図５に示されるように、スリット型１８０度位相差給電の構造を用いたものである。図５（Ａ），（Ｂ）において、アンテナ基板２４の裏面の接地導体２５に、スリット２６が形成され、このスリット２６の縦中心部を横切る（直交する）ように、アンテナ基板２４の表面にマイクロストリップ線路２７が形成されており、図６にも示されるように、このマイクロストリップ線路２７のスリット２６を中心とした両側を分岐部２７ａ，２７ｂとなるようにする。このような分岐部２７ａ，２７ｂにおいても、その一方には他方の分岐部に対し１８０度だけ位相差があり、振幅が同一となる円偏波が給電される。   5 and 6 show the configuration of the antenna device according to the second embodiment. This device uses a slit-type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure as shown in FIG. . 5A and 5B, a slit 26 is formed in the ground conductor 25 on the back surface of the antenna substrate 24, and the surface of the antenna substrate 24 is crossed (perpendicular to) the longitudinal center portion of the slit 26. A microstrip line 27 is formed, and as shown in FIG. 6, both sides of the microstrip line 27 with the slit 26 as the center are branched portions 27a and 27b. Also in such branching portions 27a and 27b, one of them has a phase difference of 180 degrees with respect to the other branching portion, and circularly polarized waves having the same amplitude are fed.

図６には、図５のアンテナ装置の中心部の構成が示されており、図３と同様に、分岐部２７ａの右側のマイクロストリップ線路１７ａに、分岐線路を介して円偏波パッチ（アンテナパッチ）１８ａが配置され，左側のマイクロストリップ線路１７ｂには、９０度位相伝送線路２０が設けられると共に、分岐線路を介して円偏波パッチ１８ｂが配置される。そして、上記円偏波パッチ１８ａ，１８ｂは、両方共に、電界の例えば右旋の回転方向Ｆ１の位相がマイクロストリップ線路１７ａ，１７ｂのマイクロ波の進行方向Ｆ２の位相と一致するように配置される。 FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the central portion of the antenna device of FIG. 5. As in FIG. 3, a circularly polarized patch (antenna) is connected to the microstrip line 17a on the right side of the branch part 27a via the branch line. Patch) 18a is arranged, and a 90-degree phase transmission line 20 is provided on the left microstrip line 17b, and a circularly polarized patch 18b is arranged via a branch line. Then, the circularly polarized wave patch 18a, 18b is in both, arranged so that the phase in the rotational direction F 1 of the example right- field coincides with the microstrip line 17a, 17b microwave travel direction F 2 of the phases of the Is done.

そして、上記１組目のパッチアレー部２２Ａと全く同じ構造のものを給電部中心（導波管中心）に対して１８０度回転させ、回転対称となるように、分岐部２７ｂに配線することで、２組目のパッチアレー部２２Ｂが構成される。更に、この各パッチアレー部２２Ａ，２２Ｂでは、図１の場合と同様に、上記円偏波パッチ１８ａ〜１８ｄの外側に、それぞれ２個ずつ、計８個の円偏波パッチ１８ｅ〜１８ｌが分岐線路を介して接続される。   Then, the same structure as the first set of patch array portions 22A is rotated 180 degrees with respect to the center of the power feeding portion (waveguide center) and wired to the branching portion 27b so as to be rotationally symmetric. A second set of patch array units 22B is configured. Further, in each of the patch array units 22A and 22B, a total of eight circularly polarized patches 18e to 18l are branched out from the circularly polarized patches 18a to 18d, two in total, as in the case of FIG. Connected via a track.

この第２実施例の構成においても、第１実施例と同様に、円偏波パッチ１８ａ（１８ｅ，１８ｆ）に位相０度の電波、円偏波パッチ１８ｂ（１８ｇ，１８ｈ）に位相９０度の電波、円偏波パッチ１８ｃ（１８ｉ，１８ｊ）に位相１８０度の電波、円偏波パッチ１８ｄ（１８ｋ，１８ｌ）に位相２７０度の電波が給電され、円偏波による通信が実行され、これらの円偏波パッチ１８ａ〜１８ｌにより、図７の特性のように、軸比、指向性の左右対称性において良好なアンテナ特性が得られる。   Also in the configuration of the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, a radio wave having a phase of 0 degree is applied to the circularly polarized patch 18a (18e, 18f), and a phase of 90 degrees is applied to the circularly polarized patch 18b (18g, 18h). A radio wave, a circularly polarized wave patch 18c (18i, 18j) is fed with a radio wave with a phase of 180 degrees, and a circularly polarized wave patch 18d (18k, 18l) is fed with a radio wave with a phase of 270 degrees to perform communication using circularly polarized waves. The circularly polarized patches 18a to 18l can provide good antenna characteristics in terms of axial symmetry and directivity left / right symmetry as shown in FIG.

また、上記実施例によれば、給電部を中心として配置した４つの円偏波パッチ１８ａ〜１８ｄだけでなく、その外側へ分岐線路を介して更に複数の円偏波パッチ１８ｅ〜１８ｌを環状に接続することで、アレイアンテナの開口面積を増やすことができるという利点がある。   Moreover, according to the said Example, not only the four circularly polarized patches 18a-18d arrange | positioned centering | focusing on the electric power feeding part but several circularly polarized patches 18e-18l are further cyclically | annularly via the branch line to the outer side. By connecting, there is an advantage that the opening area of the array antenna can be increased.

１０，２４…アンテナ基板、
１２…導波管、 １４…パッチプローブ、
１５ａ，１５ｂ，２７ａ，２７ｂ…分岐部、
１７ａ〜１７ｄ，２７…マイクロストリップ線路（給電線路）、
１８ａ〜１８ｌ…円偏波パッチ（アンテナ素子）、
２２Ａ，２２Ｂ…パッチアレー部、
２５…接地導体、 ２６…スリット。 10, 24 ... antenna substrate,
12 ... Waveguide, 14 ... Patch probe,
15a, 15b, 27a, 27b ... branching part,
17a-17d, 27 ... microstrip line (feed line),
18a to 18l ... circularly polarized patches (antenna elements),
22A, 22B ... patch array section,
25 ... Grounding conductor, 26 ... Slit.

Claims (3)

導波管端のアンテナ基板部分に配置され、このアンテナ基板上に１８０度位相差のある電波を振分け給電する２つの分岐部を形成する１８０度位相差給電部と、
上記アンテナ基板上の２つの分岐部の各々に接続され、かつ複数の円偏波パッチを有し、この円偏波パッチと上記１８０度位相差給電部を接続する給電線路に位相差伝送線路を形成することにより、上記複数の円偏波パッチ間に所定の位相差を付与した２組のパッチアレー部と、を備え、
上記２組のパッチアレー部を上記１８０度位相差給電部の中心に対し回転対称の位置に配置した円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置。 A 180-degree phase difference feeding unit that is disposed on the antenna substrate part at the end of the waveguide and forms two branch parts that distribute and feed radio waves having a phase difference of 180 degrees on the antenna board;
A phase difference transmission line is connected to each of the two branch portions on the antenna substrate and has a plurality of circularly polarized patches, and a phase difference transmission line is connected to the feed line connecting the circularly polarized patch and the 180 degree phase difference feeder. By forming two sets of patch array units with a predetermined phase difference between the plurality of circularly polarized patches,
A circularly polarized patch array antenna device in which the two sets of patch array units are arranged at rotationally symmetric positions with respect to the center of the 180-degree phase difference feeding unit. 上記１８０度位相差給電部は、上記導波管の端面部に配置されたパッチプローブにおいて、電界面内で導波管中心に対し対称となる２箇所を上記アンテナ基板の２つの分岐部へ配線するパッチプローブ型１８０度位相差給電構造、又は上記導波管の端面が配置されたアンテナ基板裏面に導波管中心に位置するスロットを形成し、このスロットを横切るアンテナ基板表面のストリップ線路の両側を上記アンテナ基板の２つの分岐部とするスロット型１８０度位相差給電構造としたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置。   The 180-degree phase difference feeder is a patch probe arranged on the end face of the waveguide, and two points symmetrical to the center of the waveguide in the electric field plane are wired to the two branches of the antenna substrate. A patch probe type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure, or a slot located at the center of the waveguide is formed on the back surface of the antenna substrate on which the end face of the waveguide is disposed, and both sides of the strip line on the surface of the antenna substrate crossing the slot 2. The circularly polarized patch array antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a slot-type 180-degree phase difference feeding structure is used in which two branch portions of the antenna substrate are used. 上記パッチアレー部は、上記円偏波パッチ間の給電位相を９０度偏移させる９０度位相差伝送線路を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の円偏波パッチアレーアンテナ装置。   The circularly polarized patch array antenna apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the patch array unit includes a 90-degree phase difference transmission line that shifts a feeding phase between the circularly polarized patches by 90 degrees.
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