TWI723377B - Case system for battery fire extinguishing through flooding the battery - Google Patents

Abstract

A case system for battery fire extinguishing through flooding the battery comprising: at least one aqueous solution tank having an aqueous solution containing space for accommodating an aqueous solution; at least one aqueous liquid discharge tank having an aqueous solution discharge space for accommodating the aqueous solution; at least one battery box, each of the battery boxes has a battery space for accommodating at least one battery; a first aqueous solution distribution pipe connecting the aqueous solution tank and the at least one battery box, and each of the battery boxes configuring at least one water outlet in the body; at least one water outlet control gate, wherein the water outlet control gate is configured to discharge aqueous solution when the battery is burned, so that the aqueous solution floods the battery in the battery box to extinguish the fire; a second aqueous solution distribution pipe connecting the at least one battery boxes and the at least one aqueous solution discharge tank, wherein the second aqueous solution distribution pipeline is connected to a set height of the battery compartment, the set height being close to the top of the battery being placed in the battery space.

Description

Submerged battery cabinet system

The invention relates to a battery fire extinguishing system, in particular to a submerged battery cabinet system and method applied to batteries.

Electric vehicles, energy storage equipment, etc., all use batteries as a source of energy storage and power. Since the power source of electric vehicles is batteries, no matter what kind of electric vehicles, such as BEV (pure electric vehicle), HEV (hybrid electric vehicle), PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) and REEV (extended range electric vehicle) , Fuel cell vehicles, solar cell vehicles, etc., all need batteries that can provide high current for power conversion. At present, high-energy-density batteries are the mainstream of high-current batteries. For example, lithium-ion batteries have the characteristics of high energy density. At the same time, they are also batteries that use organic solutions as electrolytes.

However, the endless explosion of lithium-ion batteries, post-collision combustion and other incidents have also cast a shadow over the safety of lithium-ion high-energy-density batteries. The characteristic of a fire in a lithium-ion battery is that even if the external flame has been extinguished, the chemical reaction of the internal battery continues. Therefore, secondary combustion often occurs. So far, there is still no specific and effective fire extinguishing system that can support the fire extinguishing of high energy density batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, or even prevent its secondary combustion.

Therefore, how to develop a new battery fire extinguishing system so that it can immediately extinguish the fire in the early stage of combustion when the battery burns for some reason (whether due to collision, internal short circuit, thermal runaway, etc.), and even further prevent it The occurrence of secondary combustion has become an important development direction for the development of battery fire extinguishing systems.

In view of this, the present invention proposes a submerged battery cabinet system and method, which uses a closed battery space and provides a fire extinguishing system based on an aqueous solution. When the battery is detected to burn, the aqueous solution is filled Extinguish the battery after this battery space. In this way, the disaster can be locked in the battery space at the first time when the disaster occurs, thereby reducing the disaster loss and preventing the special technical effect of the secondary combustion of the battery.

The present invention provides a submerged battery cabinet system, comprising: at least one aqueous solution containing box with an aqueous solution containing space for containing an aqueous solution; at least one aqueous solution drainage box with an aqueous solution drainage space for containing The aqueous solution; at least one battery box, each battery box has a battery space for accommodating at least one battery; a first water distribution pipeline, connecting the aqueous solution containing box and the at least one battery box, and in each At least one water outlet is arranged in the battery box; at least one water outlet control gate is arranged at the water outlet, and water is discharged when the battery burns, so that the aqueous solution floods the battery in the battery box. Fire extinguishing; and a second water distribution pipeline connecting the at least one battery box and the at least one aqueous solution discharge tank, the second water distribution pipeline is connected to a set height of the battery box, the set height is close to the battery placed in the On the top surface of the battery in the battery space, when the aqueous solution fills the battery box, the full aqueous solution can flow through the second water distribution pipeline to the aqueous solution discharge box for storage.

The detailed features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following embodiments. The content is sufficient to enable anyone familiar with the relevant art to understand the technical content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and according to the content disclosed in this specification, the scope of the patent application and the drawings, anyone familiar with the relevant art can easily understand the related purpose of the present invention And advantages.

10: Water tank

11: Water tank wall

20: Control host

301, 302, 303: battery box

40: pressurizing device

501-506: Outlet control gate

511-516: Outlet control gate

61, 62: Solenoid valve

71, 71a, 71b, 72, 72a: fire sensor

80, 81, 82, 83: water distribution pipeline

91, 92, 93: battery

100: water distribution line

111, 112, 113: check valve

131: On-off valve

200: Aqueous solution discharge box

201: Aqueous solution discharge space

Figures 1A-1C are system architecture diagrams, cross-sectional views and top views of the first specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Figures 2A-2C are system architecture diagrams, cross-sectional views and bottom views of the second specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Figures 3A-3D are system architecture diagrams, cross-sectional views, top views, and bottom views of the third embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Figures 4A-4C are system architecture diagrams, cross-sectional views and bottom views of the fourth specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Figures 5A-5C are the rear view of the system, the cross-sectional view along the line A-A, and the cross-sectional view along the line B-B of the fifth embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

The present invention uses a flooding method to enable batteries (such as high-energy density organic batteries such as lithium-ion batteries) to be immersed in an aqueous solution when they are burnt (fire) to achieve the purpose of active fire extinguishing. Furthermore, since the battery box in which the battery is placed has been filled with an aqueous solution to flood the battery, the battery in the battery box is immediately cooled to extinguish the fire and reduce the internal chemical reaction rate of the battery, and because the battery has passed through The aqueous solution is isolated from the outside, and the battery No contact with air, thereby blocking the supply of oxygen, and further blocking the possibility of further combustion of the battery. In addition, other electrolytes in the aqueous solution allow the battery to discharge, release battery energy and cool down, further preventing the possibility of secondary spontaneous combustion of the battery. Therefore, with the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention, it is possible to reduce or damage the battery box where the event occurred, without further spreading to other battery boxes.

The technology of the present invention for immersing the battery in the battery box: firstly, it is necessary to provide a system for supplying an aqueous solution, that is, a water storage device (that is, an aqueous solution containing space) and a corresponding water distribution pipeline; secondly, it is necessary to provide a detection system To measure the burning mechanism of the battery, as mentioned above, a sealed sprinkler or fire sensor can be used; third, in the event of battery burning, an aqueous solution should be provided immediately so that the burning battery is immersed in the aqueous solution; if the aqueous solution is The use of sodium-based electrolyte will speed up the discharge rate of the battery. Hereinafter, several specific embodiments will be listed to illustrate the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention.

Next, referring to Figures 1A-1C, the first specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention includes: a water tank (which can be called an aqueous solution containing box, and the aqueous solution containing space is defined by the water tank wall 11) 10. Control host 20, battery box 301, battery box 302, water distribution pipe 80, water distribution pipe 81, water distribution pipe 82, water outlet control gates 501-506, etc., pressurizing device 40. The battery boxes 301 and 302 each have a battery space for accommodating at least one battery. In this embodiment, two batteries can be accommodated. The water distribution pipe 80 connects the water tank 10 (aqueous solution containing space) and the battery boxes 301 and 302, and at least one water outlet is arranged in the battery boxes 301 and 302 (via the water distribution pipes 81 and 82 respectively). The water outlet control gates 501-506 are equipped with a water outlet control gate to discharge water when the batteries 91 and 93 burn, so that the aqueous solution floods the batteries 91 and 93 in the battery boxes 301 and 302 to extinguish the fire. In this embodiment, each battery box 301, 302 is equipped with three water outlets and three water control gates (501- 503, 504-506).

In this embodiment, a closed sprinkler head is used as the water outlet control gates 501-506. The heat-sensitive automatic sprinkling temperature of the closed sprinkler head is between 60°C and 150°C. In other words, as long as the set automatic sprinkling temperature is reached, the closed sprinkler will burst open and automatically sprinkle water, thereby making the water tank The aqueous solution in 10 is injected into the battery box 301 or the battery box 302, so that the batteries 91, 93, etc. in the battery box 301 or the battery box 303 are flooded with the aqueous solution, thereby achieving the aforementioned fire extinguishing effect.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1A-1C, it is an embodiment in which the water outlet control gates 501-506 are arranged on the top of the battery boxes 301 and 302. Figure 1A is a system architecture diagram of the flooded battery cabinet system, Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view of the flooded battery cabinet system, and Figure 2C is a bottom view of the flooded battery cabinet system.

Next, referring to Figures 2A-2C, the first specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention includes: a water tank (aqueous solution containing space) 10, a control host 20, a battery box 301, a battery box 302, and Water pipe 80, water distribution pipe 81, water distribution pipe 82, water outlet control gates 501-506, etc., pressurizing device 40. Different from the embodiment shown in Figs. 1A-1C, the embodiment shown in Figs. 2A-2C has water outlet control gates 501-506 arranged at the bottom of the battery boxes 301 and 302, respectively. In addition, closed sprinkler heads are also used as water outlet control gates 501-506. The rest are the same as in Figures 1A-1C, and will not be repeated here.

It can be seen from the embodiment in Fig. 1A-1C and the embodiment in Fig. 2A-2C that the water outlet control gates 501-506 can be arranged on the top or bottom or sides of the battery boxes 301 and 302 (not shown). Correspondingly, the water distribution pipelines 81 and 82 are also correspondingly arranged on the top or bottom or sides of the battery boxes 301 and 302. In other words, since the objective of the present invention is to flood the entire battery box with an aqueous solution, water can be discharged from anywhere.

The heat-sensitive automatic sprinkler of the enclosed sprinkler head does not need to be applied to the control host 20. The control host 20 is used to control the pressurizing device 40 in the embodiment in Figure 1A-1C and the embodiment in Figure 2A-2C. For pressurization purposes, such as a pumping motor, it is controlled by the control host 20, which automatically pressurizes for sprinkling after the closed sprinkler head bursts. As mentioned earlier, the method of pressurization can additionally adopt the high pressurization method, that is, the aqueous solution containing space is placed on a high place and gravity is used. This is the implementation of Figs. 1A-1C and 2A-2C. As shown in the example, when the water tank 10 is arranged higher than the battery boxes 301, 302, the aqueous solution in the water tank 10 can generate higher potential energy, and the water distribution pipelines 81, 82 can be pressurized by the potential energy. Features. Another method of pressurization can also be used as the pressurizing device 40 by placing a weight above the aqueous solution containing space.

However, in addition to the heat-sensing automatic sprinkler fire sensing mechanism of the enclosed sprinkler, there are many other fire sensing mechanisms that can be used. Please refer to Figures 3A-3D. The third specific embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention includes: a water tank (aqueous solution containing space) 10, a control host 20, a battery box 301, a battery box 302, and a water distribution pipeline 80. Water distribution pipe 81, water distribution pipe 82, water outlet control gates 511-516, solenoid valves 61-62, fire sensors 71-72, etc., pressurizing device 40. Among them, the battery boxes 301 and 302 each have a battery space for accommodating the batteries 91, 92, and 93. In this embodiment, each can accommodate two batteries. The water distribution pipe 80 connects the water tank 10 (aqueous solution containing space) and the battery boxes 301 and 302, and at least one water outlet is arranged in the battery boxes 301 and 302 (via the water distribution pipes 81 and 82 respectively). The water outlet control gates 511-516 are equipped with a water outlet control gate to discharge water when the batteries 91 and 93 burn, so that the aqueous solution floods the batteries 91 and 93 in the battery boxes 301 and 302 to extinguish the fire. In this embodiment, each battery box 301, 302 is equipped with three water outlets and three water control gates (511-513, 514-516).

In addition, in this embodiment, solenoid valves 61-62 and fire sensor 71- are additionally added. 72. A solenoid valve 61 and a fire sensor 71 are respectively arranged in the battery box 301, and a solenoid valve 62 and a fire sensor 72 are arranged in the battery box 302. Among them, the fire sensor 71, 72 is configured in each battery box 301, 302, respectively, to sense the fire situation and generate a fire signal. At least one solenoid valve 61, 62 is arranged outside each battery box 301, 302. The solenoid valve 61, 62 is connected to the water distribution pipeline 80, 81, 82, and is opened after receiving the release signal to make the water distribution pipeline 80 The aqueous solution flows from the water tank 10 to the outlet control gates 511-516 (open sprinkler heads). The control host 20 is electrically connected to the fire sensor 71-72 and the solenoid valve 61-62. When one of the fire sensor 71-72 generates a fire signal, the corresponding solenoid valve 61-62 is controlled to allow the aqueous solution to flow out of the water. The control gates 511-516 are injected into the corresponding battery boxes 301 and 302.

Among them, the fire sensors 71 and 72 are selected from a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor, a photoelectric sensor, an infrared sensor, or a current sensor. Among them, the current sensor is configured on the batteries 91, 92, 93, when it generates a large current, it can be determined that the possibility of a fire may occur.

In this embodiment, an open sprinkler head is used as the water outlet control gates 511-516. The open sprinkler head is an open type. When the solenoid valve 61 or 62 is released, the aqueous solution flows from the water tank 10 and then from the water distribution line to the water distribution line 81 or 82 through the water control gate 511-513 or the water control gate 514-516 Squirting. In other words, the biggest difference from Fig. 1A-1C is that the open sprinkler head used in the embodiment of Fig. 3A-3C is reusable, while the closed sprinkler head is used once, and the two sense fire. The mechanism is different. However, the same is that both can achieve the purpose of flooding the battery intended by the present invention.

Similarly, in the embodiment of Figures 3A-3D, the open sprinkler heads are installed at the bottom of the battery boxes 301 and 302, as shown in the top view of Figure 3C, which is the same as that of Figures 2A-2C. The examples are the same. The fire sensors 71 and 72 are arranged on the top of the battery boxes 301 and 302, as shown in the bottom view of FIG. 4D.

As for another embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment shown in Figs. 3A-3D, the water outlet control gates 511-516 can also be arranged on the top of the battery boxes 301 and 302, as shown in the embodiment shown in Figs. 4A-4C . In this embodiment, the battery boxes 301 and 302 are respectively equipped with two fire sensors 71a and 71b, the fire sensor 72a and the other fire sensor. The rest are the same as the embodiments in FIGS. 3A-3D, and will not be repeated here.

Next, please refer to Figures 5A-5C, another embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention. In this embodiment, a set of water distribution pipeline 100 and aqueous solution discharge tank 200 are added, which can be called the second water distribution pipeline, and the original water distribution pipeline 80 can be called the first water distribution pipeline. The purpose of adding the water distribution pipeline 100 and the aqueous solution discharge tank 200 is to allow the aqueous solution in the water tank 10 to be in the battery box 301, battery box 302, or battery box 303 when a fire occurs. After the battery is flooded, the liquid level can be controlled at the battery level. In the body of the box, it will not overflow to the outside of the battery box to protect other batteries that are not in fire.

Please refer to Figures 5A-5C. When the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention includes multiple sets of battery boxes, such as the three battery boxes 301, the battery box 302, and the battery box 303 in this embodiment. The volume of the aqueous solution in the water tank 10 must be able to fill at least these three battery tanks. Therefore, once there is a fire in only one battery box, measures to prevent overflow are necessary. The present invention realizes this function through the water distribution pipeline 100. Among them, the water distribution pipeline 100 is connected to the battery box 301, the battery box 302, the battery box 303, and the aqueous solution discharge tank 200 (with the aqueous solution discharge space 201), and the water distribution pipeline 100 is connected to the battery box 301, the battery box 302, and the battery box. The set height of 303, for example, the set height is close to the top surface of the battery 91, battery 92, and battery 93 placed in the battery space, such as As shown in Figure 5C. Due to the setting height, once the entire battery is submerged by the aqueous solution, the excess aqueous solution will overflow to the aqueous solution drain box 200 through the water distribution pipe 100, instead of overflowing out of the battery box, affecting the operation of other normal battery boxes , You can further reduce the expansion of damage.

In addition, in the present invention, a check valve 111, a check valve 112, and a check valve 113 are arranged in the water distribution pipeline 100, which are respectively arranged at the water outlets of the battery box 301, the battery box 302, and the battery box 303. Since the water distribution pipeline 100 is in a connected state, if the check valve is not configured, it is possible that a fire occurs in the battery box 301 and the battery box 302 and battery box 303 are not fired. The aqueous solution in the battery box 301 will pass through the water distribution pipeline. 100 and overflow into the battery box 302 and the battery box 303. Because the height of the battery box 302 and the battery box 303 is lower than that of the battery box 301. Therefore, after the water distribution pipeline 100 is equipped with a check valve, the water flow direction in the battery box will be restricted to flow from the inside to the outside of the battery box. The highest battery box 301 may not be equipped with a check valve.

In addition, the position where the water distribution pipeline 80 connects the battery box 301, the battery box 302, and the battery box 303 is located at the bottom of the battery box. This is because the embodiment of Figs. 5A-5C additionally adds an on-off valve 131 configuration, as shown in Figs. 5A and 5B. In this embodiment, the water distribution pipe 80 is connected to the aqueous solution discharge tank 200, and the switch valve 131 is arranged before the water distribution pipe 80 enters the aqueous solution discharge tank 200 to allow the battery box flooded with aqueous solution to discharge the water after opening. Space 200. Adding this function can quickly let the aqueous solution in the battery box that caught fire be discharged for battery replacement. Wherein, the on-off valve 131 is a solenoid valve, which can be connected to the control host 20 for control; or, the on-off valve 131 can be a manual on-off valve.

Next, please refer to Figure 6, another embodiment of the submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention. It illustrates another embodiment of the configuration of the water distribution pipe 100, which is different from the embodiment of FIG. 5A in that the water distribution pipe 100 uses an L-shaped connecting pipe in the lower battery cabinet. So, no need to adopt With the check valve, the overflow water from the battery box 301 or the battery box 302 will not flow to the battery box 302 or the battery box 303 when it flows to the aqueous solution discharge box 200. For another embodiment of the present invention, a V-shaped connecting pipe structure can also be used, and the same effect can also be achieved.

The submerged battery cabinet system of the present invention can be applied to battery energy storage systems, electric vehicles, electric vehicles and the like. When applied to a battery energy storage system, the aqueous solution housing space (water tank) can be placed on a higher position and pressurized in a way of potential energy. When used in electric vehicles and electric vehicles, it can be pressurized with backup batteries and backup motors, so that the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution storage space (water tank) can be injected into the burning battery box when the battery is burned.

Although the technical content of the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with this technique and makes some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application.

10: Water tank

301, 302, 303: battery box

80: Water distribution pipeline

100: water distribution line

111, 112, 113: check valve

131: On-off valve

200: Aqueous solution discharge box

Claims (14)

A submerged battery cabinet system includes: at least one aqueous solution containing box with an aqueous solution containing space for containing an aqueous solution; at least one aqueous solution drainage box with an aqueous solution drainage space for containing the aqueous solution; At least one battery box, each battery box having a battery space for accommodating at least one battery; a first water distribution pipeline connecting the aqueous solution containing box and the at least one battery box, and in each battery box At least one water outlet is arranged in the body; at least one water outlet control gate is arranged at the water outlet, and water is discharged when the battery burns, so that the aqueous solution floods the battery in the battery box to extinguish the fire; and A second water distribution pipeline connects the at least one battery box and the at least one aqueous solution discharge tank, the second water distribution pipeline is connected to a set height of the battery box, the set height is close to the battery and placed in the battery space The top surface of the battery. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one check valve arranged in the second water distribution pipe so that the water flow direction of the second water distribution pipe is from the inside to the battery box External flow. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the position where the first water distribution pipeline is connected to the at least one battery box is located at the bottom of the at least one battery box. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 3, wherein the first water distribution pipeline is further connected To the at least one aqueous solution draining box, and further comprising: an on-off valve, which is arranged before the second water distribution pipeline enters the at least one aqueous solution draining box, to allow the battery box flooded with the aqueous solution to drain to the The at least one aqueous solution discharge tank. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aqueous solution discharge tank is removable. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 4, wherein the on-off valve is a solenoid valve. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous solution is selected from tap water, sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and sodium sulfate (NaSO4) solution. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 7, wherein the submerged battery cabinet system, wherein the electrolyte weight of the sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and sodium sulfate (NaSO4) solution The percentage concentration is between 0.2% and 26%. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the water outlet control gate is a closed sprinkler head, and the temperature of the thermally sensible automatic sprinkler of the closed sprinkler head is between 60 degrees Celsius and 150 degrees Celsius . The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the water outlet control gate is an open sprinkler, and the submerged battery cabinet system further includes: at least one fire sensor in each battery box At least one is configured to sense a fire condition and generate a fire occurrence signal; at least one solenoid valve, at least one solenoid valve is placed outside each battery box, the solenoid valve is connected to the water distribution pipeline, and after receiving a release signal , Open so that the aqueous solution in the water distribution pipeline flows from the aqueous solution accommodating space to the open sprinkler head, so that the aqueous solution is filled Full the battery box; and a control host, electrically connected to the at least one fire sensor and the at least one solenoid valve, when one of the at least one fire sensor generates the fire occurrence signal, the corresponding solenoid valve is controlled to Fill the corresponding battery box with the aqueous solution. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 10, wherein the fire sensor is selected from a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor, a photoelectric sensor, an infrared sensor, and a current sensor . The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 10, further comprising: a pressurizing device connected to the control host and controlled by the control host to pressurize the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution storage box to make The aqueous solution can accelerate the filling of the corresponding battery box. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, further comprising: a pressurizing device for pressurizing the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution containing box, so that the aqueous solution can quickly fill the corresponding battery box. The submerged battery cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aqueous solution containing box, the at least one battery box, and the at least one aqueous solution discharge box are arranged in order from top to bottom.

Images