TWI714012B - System and method of three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional barcode - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明關於一種條碼系統及其方法,尤其是關於一種三維防偽二維條碼系統及其方法。 The present invention relates to a bar code system and a method thereof, in particular to a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional bar code system and a method thereof.
從古自今,人類生活存在許多正牌的商品及服務,也存在許多偽造、仿冒的產品(贗品)及服務,例如:偽鈔、偽藥、仿冒的商標、仿冒的精品、仿畫、偽造的網站內容等,無不損害真正擁有或提供這些正牌商品及服務之人的權益。 Since ancient times, there have been many genuine products and services in human life, as well as many counterfeit and counterfeit products (counterfeit products) and services, such as counterfeit banknotes, counterfeit medicines, counterfeit trademarks, counterfeit boutiques, fake paintings, and counterfeit websites. The content, etc., all harm the rights and interests of those who really own or provide these genuine products and services.
在存有偽造、仿冒的產品及服務的情況下,權利人即會想方設法地提高其正牌商品及服務的品質,或者加入防偽技術,使偽造、仿冒之人無法具有該技術,而讓偽造、仿冒的商品及服務無法佔有消費市場。 In the case of counterfeit or counterfeit products and services, the right holder will try to improve the quality of its genuine products and services, or add anti-counterfeiting technology, so that the counterfeiter or counterfeiter cannot have the technology, and the counterfeit or counterfeit The goods and services of China cannot occupy the consumer market.
舉例而言,各國政府在其紙鈔製造過程中加入防偽金屬線、浮水印、光學變色油墨等技術,並教導人民辨識真鈔及偽鈔,以避免偽鈔流入消費市場而干擾該國經濟活動。 For example, governments of various countries have added anti-counterfeiting metal threads, watermarks, and optically color-changing inks to their banknote manufacturing processes, and taught the people to identify real and counterfeit banknotes to prevent counterfeit banknotes from flowing into the consumer market and disrupting the country’s economic activities.
在另一例子中,駭客以與真實網站相似的網址及以假亂真的呈現內容建立偽造的網站內容,騙取不知情的消費者的個資或金錢。在另一例子中,仿畫製造人以接近的繪畫風格及照 相製版印章來製造與真跡相仿的贗品。 In another example, hackers create fake website content with URLs that are similar to real websites and present content with fake and real content, so as to defraud unsuspecting consumers of personal assets or money. In another example, the imitation painting makers used similar painting styles and photos Make a plate stamp to create fakes that look similar to the original.
在另一例子中,有些藥品的外盒包裝上會黏貼鐳射貼紙,並嚴格控制鐳射貼紙的流通,使消費者由外盒包裝上的鐳射貼紙區別原廠製造的正牌藥品或者仿冒者製造的偽藥。 In another example, laser stickers are affixed to the outer boxes of some medicines, and the circulation of the laser stickers is strictly controlled, so that consumers can distinguish the genuine drugs made by the original factory or the fake ones made by counterfeiters from the laser stickers on the outer boxes. medicine.
在另一例子中,精品皮件製造商選用有質感、深紋路、分明花色的皮革以及特殊顏色、觸感的五金配件,並以多種繁複、精巧的車工縫製出精品皮件,在精品皮件上印上表明製造工廠及製造年份的序列號,使仿冒的皮件無法達到其工藝水平而被識破。 In another example, a manufacturer of high-quality leather goods selects leather with texture, deep texture, distinct patterns, and hardware accessories with special colors and touches, and uses a variety of complicated and sophisticated lathes to sew high-quality leather goods. The serial number indicating the manufacturing plant and year of manufacture is printed on the piece, so that the counterfeit leather piece cannot reach the level of its craftsmanship and is detected.
然而,仿冒者或駭客仍可能窮盡其力氣來仿冒商品及服務,甚至其仿冒的商品及服務已達到原製造商或消費者無法由外觀辨識真偽的程度。例如,疑似偽藥的外盒包裝上的鐳射貼紙與原廠的正牌藥品的雷射貼紙無從區別,還需進一步檢測疑似偽藥的成分,才能鑑別其真偽。在另一例子中,仿冒者在變色油墨中添加DNA,與原製造商的DNA防偽變色油墨所示出的顏色無從區別;使得原製造商或者檢驗單位還需進一步將贗品中的DNA與正牌防偽變色油墨的DNA進行序列比對,才能鑑別其真偽。 However, counterfeiters or hackers may still try their best to counterfeit goods and services, and even the counterfeit goods and services have reached the point where the original manufacturer or consumer cannot identify the authenticity by appearance. For example, the laser sticker on the outer box of the suspected counterfeit medicine is indistinguishable from the original manufacturer's laser sticker on the genuine medicine. Further testing of the suspected counterfeit medicine is required to identify its authenticity. In another example, the counterfeiter adds DNA to the color-changing ink, which is indistinguishable from the color shown in the original manufacturer’s DNA anti-counterfeiting color-changing ink; the original manufacturer or inspection unit needs to further compare the DNA in the counterfeit with the original anti-counterfeiting ink. The DNA of the color-changing ink can be verified by sequence comparison.
因此,在市面上仍無有效方法及技術來杜絕偽造及仿冒的情況下,亟需有新穎性及具創造性的技術來提高防偽門檻。 Therefore, when there are still no effective methods and technologies on the market to prevent counterfeiting and counterfeiting, there is an urgent need for novel and creative technologies to improve the anti-counterfeiting threshold.
本案申請人鑑於習知技術中的不足,經過悉心試驗與研究,並一本鍥而不捨的精神,終構思出本案,能夠克服先前技術的不足,以下為本案的簡要說明。 In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the applicant of this case, after careful experimentation and research, and with a spirit of perseverance, finally conceived this case, which can overcome the shortcomings of the previous technology. The following is a brief description of the case.
為了提高正牌商品或服務的防偽功效,本發明藉由 將隱藏碼加入二維條碼的編碼中,使得用於產品或服務的載體(例如包裝盒)上的二維條碼中具有人類視覺及觸感無法感知的特定條碼區塊,特定條碼區塊相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度,成為具有三維防偽的二維條碼。一般使用者在不知情的情況下,透過配備一般鏡頭的運算裝置僅能讀取正牌包裝盒或者疑似為正牌包裝盒上二維條碼表明的資訊。然而,提供產品或服務的權利人可利用配備深度鏡頭的運算裝置讀取正牌二維條碼以及疑似為正牌包裝盒上上的二維條碼,藉由分析是否帶有特定條碼區塊以及其是否表明正確的隱藏碼,而快速辨別正牌或仿冒的商品(或服務)。由於特定條碼區塊特徵不明顯、而且二維條碼具有數百個至數萬個黑、白圖元(條碼區塊),仿冒者難以精確得知隱藏碼之含意及對應的特定條碼區塊的位置,也無法精準改造具有三維防偽機制的二維條碼,遑論偽裝包裝盒而達到偽造正牌產品或服務之目的。 In order to improve the anti-counterfeiting effect of genuine goods or services, the present invention uses The hidden code is added to the encoding of the two-dimensional bar code, so that the two-dimensional bar code on the carrier (such as the packaging box) used for the product or service has a specific bar code block that cannot be sensed by human vision and touch. The specific bar code block is compared Other barcode blocks have a higher thickness and/or a deeper depth, and become a two-dimensional barcode with three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting. Without knowing it, ordinary users can only read the information indicated by the two-dimensional bar code on the authentic packaging box or the suspected authentic packaging box through the computing device equipped with a general lens. However, right holders who provide products or services can use a computing device equipped with a depth lens to read genuine two-dimensional barcodes and the two-dimensional barcodes on the suspected genuine packaging boxes, by analyzing whether there are specific barcode blocks and whether they indicate Correct hidden code, and quickly identify genuine or counterfeit goods (or services). Since the characteristics of the specific barcode block are not obvious, and the two-dimensional barcode has hundreds to tens of thousands of black and white pixels (barcode blocks), it is difficult for counterfeiters to accurately know the meaning of the hidden code and the corresponding specific barcode block. Location, it is impossible to accurately transform a two-dimensional barcode with a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism, let alone disguise the packaging box to achieve the purpose of forging genuine products or services.
本發明揭露一種建立二維條碼的三維防偽機制的二維條碼系統及方法,其中二維條碼表明至少一資訊,且二維條碼系統包括編碼模組、隱藏碼建立模組及分配模組。本發明的二維條碼系統及方法的運作如下。編碼模組將至少一資訊編碼為第一數據編碼,且將第一數據編碼分為二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊。隱藏碼建立模組從M個條碼區塊中選擇N個條碼區塊,且為各該N個條碼區塊產生隱藏碼,並將隱藏碼加入第一數據編碼後面,以形成第二數據編碼。其中N為小於M的正整數,且M個條碼區塊藉隱藏碼而使二維條碼於載體上形成時,M個條碼區塊中的N個條碼區塊相較於M-N個條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。分配 模組將第二數據編碼分配於二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊中,以俾在載體上形成二維條碼之圖案。 The present invention discloses a two-dimensional bar code system and method for establishing a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of a two-dimensional bar code, wherein the two-dimensional bar code indicates at least one piece of information, and the two-dimensional bar code system includes an encoding module, a hidden code establishing module and a distribution module. The operation of the two-dimensional barcode system and method of the present invention is as follows. The encoding module encodes at least one piece of information into a first data code, and divides the first data code into M barcode blocks on the two-dimensional barcode. The hidden code creation module selects N barcode blocks from the M barcode blocks, generates a hidden code for each of the N barcode blocks, and adds the hidden code after the first data code to form a second data code. Where N is a positive integer less than M, and when M barcode blocks are formed on the carrier by concealing the code, N barcode blocks in M barcode blocks have Higher thickness and/or deeper depth. distribution The module distributes the second data code among the M barcode blocks on the two-dimensional barcode to form the pattern of the two-dimensional barcode on the carrier.
在一具體實施例中,二維條碼系統更包括耦接於隱藏碼建立模組的糾錯模組。糾錯模組根據預設之編碼等級以及隱藏碼的數量產生複數糾錯碼字,並將複數糾錯碼字加入第二數據編碼後面,以形成第三數據編碼。分配模組將第三數據編碼分配於二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊中,以俾在載體上形成二維條碼之圖案。 In a specific embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode system further includes an error correction module coupled to the hidden code creation module. The error correction module generates a complex error correction codeword according to the preset coding level and the number of hidden codes, and adds the complex error correction codeword after the second data code to form a third data code. The distribution module distributes the third data code among the M barcode blocks on the two-dimensional barcode to form a pattern of the two-dimensional barcode on the carrier.
在一具體實施例中,二維條碼包括至少二定位偵測圖案,隱藏碼建立模組更用以為至少二定位偵測圖案中的一定位偵測圖案產生定位偵測隱藏碼,並將定位偵測隱藏碼加入第三數據編碼的複數糾錯碼字後面以形成第四數據編碼,且定位偵測隱藏碼表明二維條碼於載體上形成時定位偵測圖案相較於M-N個條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。 In a specific embodiment, the two-dimensional bar code includes at least two positioning detection patterns, and the hidden code creation module is further used to generate a positioning detection hidden code for one of the at least two positioning detection patterns, and to perform positioning detection. The hidden code is added after the complex error correction code word of the third data code to form the fourth data code, and the positioning detection hidden code indicates that the positioning detection pattern when the two-dimensional barcode is formed on the carrier is compared with the MN barcode blocks. Higher thickness and/or deeper depth.
在一具體實施例中,較高的厚度及較深的深度為微米等級,且載體為可供使用者皮膚接觸的實體。在一具體實施例中,各該N個條碼區塊及定位偵測圖案的厚度為相同、部分相同或相異。在一具體實施例中,二維條碼由運算裝置上的深度鏡頭擷取,運算裝置的處理器將所擷取的二維條碼的影像解碼為二維條碼所表明的至少一資訊以及各該隱藏碼,以驗證三維防偽機制。 In a specific embodiment, the higher thickness and the deeper depth are in the order of micrometers, and the carrier is an entity that can be contacted by the user's skin. In a specific embodiment, the thickness of each of the N barcode blocks and positioning detection patterns is the same, partially the same, or different. In a specific embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode is captured by a depth lens on the computing device, and the processor of the computing device decodes the captured image of the two-dimensional barcode into at least one piece of information indicated by the two-dimensional barcode and each hidden Code to verify the three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism.
在一具體實施例中,二維條碼系統更包括耦接於編碼模組的糾錯模組,其中糾錯模組根據預設之編碼等級以及M個條碼區塊的數量產生複數糾錯碼字,糾錯模組在隱藏碼加入第一數據編碼後面以前,將複數糾錯碼字加入第一數據編碼之後以形成 第五數據編碼,且第五數據編碼及隱藏碼共同形成第六數據編碼,分配模組將第六數據編碼取代第二數據編碼而分配於二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊中,以俾在載體上形成二維條碼之圖案。 In a specific embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode system further includes an error correction module coupled to the encoding module, wherein the error correction module generates a complex error correction codeword according to a preset encoding level and the number of M barcode blocks , The error correction module adds the complex error correction code to the first data encoding before the hidden code is added to the first data encoding to form The fifth data code, and the fifth data code and the concealment code together form the sixth data code. The distribution module replaces the second data code with the sixth data code and distributes it among the M barcode blocks on the two-dimensional bar code. A two-dimensional bar code pattern is formed on the carrier.
在一具體實施例中,糾錯模組更將另一糾錯碼字加入第六數據編碼後面,以形成第七數據編碼。 In a specific embodiment, the error correction module further adds another error correction code word after the sixth data code to form the seventh data code.
在一具體實施例中,載體上具有影像,且二維條碼以浮水印的方式形成於影像上。 In a specific embodiment, the carrier has an image, and the two-dimensional barcode is formed on the image in a watermark manner.
本發明揭露一種建立二維條碼的三維防偽機制的方法,其中二維條碼表明至少一資訊,該方法包括:提供編碼來自至少一資訊的數據編碼;將複數隱藏碼加入數據編碼,以形成防偽數據編碼;將防偽數據編碼分配於二維條碼上的複數條碼區塊;以及以複數條碼區塊為基礎,在載體上形成二維條碼的圖案,其中複數條碼區塊藉複數隱藏碼而使複數條碼區塊中的特定條碼區塊相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。 The present invention discloses a method for establishing a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of a two-dimensional bar code, wherein the two-dimensional bar code indicates at least one piece of information. The method includes: providing a data code encoding from at least one piece of information; adding a complex hidden code to the data code to form anti-counterfeiting data Encoding; assigning the anti-counterfeiting data code to the plural barcode blocks on the two-dimensional barcode; and forming the pattern of the two-dimensional barcode on the carrier based on the plural barcode blocks, wherein the plural barcode blocks are used to hide the plural codes to make the plural barcodes A specific barcode block in the block has a higher thickness and/or a deeper depth than other barcode blocks.
在一具體實施例中,該方法還包括:提供複數糾錯碼字;以及將複數糾錯碼字連同複數隱藏碼加入數據編碼。 In a specific embodiment, the method further includes: providing a complex error correction codeword; and adding the complex error correction codeword together with the complex hidden code to the data encoding.
在一具體實施例中,該方法還包括:提供複數糾錯碼字;以及將複數糾錯碼字加入防偽數據編碼。 In a specific embodiment, the method further includes: providing a complex error correction codeword; and adding the complex error correction codeword to the anti-counterfeiting data code.
在一具體實施例中,二維條碼包括至少二定位偵測圖案,該方法更包括:將定位偵測隱藏碼加入防偽數據編碼,定位偵測隱藏碼表明二維條碼於載體上形成時,至少二定位偵測圖案中的一定位偵測圖案相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。 In a specific embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode includes at least two positioning detection patterns. The method further includes: adding the positioning detection hidden code to the anti-counterfeiting data code, and the positioning detection hidden code indicates that when the two-dimensional barcode is formed on the carrier, at least One of the two positioning detection patterns has a higher thickness and/or a deeper depth than other barcode blocks.
本文用語「條碼」包括在單一方向(例如水平方向) 表達資訊的一維條碼、在一維條碼的基礎上擴充出另一維可讀性資訊的二維條碼、以及結合一維條碼及二維條碼的複合型條碼。 The term "barcode" used in this article includes a single direction (e.g. horizontal direction) One-dimensional barcodes that express information, two-dimensional barcodes that expand the readability of another dimension on the basis of one-dimensional barcodes, and composite barcodes that combine one-dimensional barcodes and two-dimensional barcodes.
本文用語「一維條碼」包括但不限於Code 39條碼、交錯式25條碼(ITF條碼)、EAN-13條碼、EAN-8條碼、ISBN書籍碼、ISSN期刊碼、Code 128條碼、Codabar條碼、UPC條碼、Code 93條碼、Code 11條碼、MSI條碼、Plessey條碼、Toshiba code條碼、Code 32條碼、RSS條碼及諸如此類。
The term “one-dimensional barcode” used in this article includes but is not limited to Code 39 barcode, interleaved 25 barcode (ITF barcode), EAN-13 barcode, EAN-8 barcode, ISBN book code, ISSN journal code, Code 128 barcode, Codabar barcode, UPC Bar code, Code 93 bar code,
本文用語「二維條碼」包括但不限於線性堆疊式二維條碼、矩陣式二維條碼及郵政碼二維條碼。其中,線性堆疊式二維條碼是在一維條碼編碼原理的基礎上將多個一維條碼在縱向堆疊而產生的二維條碼,其包括但不限於Code 16K條碼、Code 49條碼、PDF417條碼及諸如此類。矩陣式二維條碼是在一個矩形空間藉由黑、白圖元在矩陣中的不同分佈而進行編碼,其包括但不限於Aztec條碼、Maxi code條碼、快速回應條碼(Quick response code,QR code)、Data matrix條碼、Vericode條碼、Ultracode條碼、漢信碼、彩色條碼及諸如此類;郵政碼二維條碼是藉由不同長度的黑色直條進行編碼且主要用於郵件的編碼,其包括但不限於美國郵政局(USPS)開發的POSTNET條碼、英國郵政局開發的BPO 4-State條碼及諸如此類。 The term "two-dimensional barcode" used in this article includes, but is not limited to, linear stacked two-dimensional barcode, matrix two-dimensional barcode and postal two-dimensional barcode. Among them, the linear stacked two-dimensional barcode is a two-dimensional barcode generated by stacking multiple one-dimensional barcodes vertically on the basis of the principle of one-dimensional barcode encoding, including but not limited to Code 16K barcode, Code 49 barcode, PDF417 barcode and And so on. Matrix two-dimensional barcode is encoded in a rectangular space by the different distribution of black and white pixels in the matrix, which includes but not limited to Aztec barcode, Maxi code barcode, and Quick response code (QR code) , Data matrix barcodes, Vericode barcodes, Ultracode barcodes, Han Xin codes, color barcodes and the like; two-dimensional postal codes are encoded by black bars of different lengths and are mainly used for mail encoding, including but not limited to the United States The POSTNET barcode developed by the Post Office (USPS), the BPO 4-State barcode developed by the British Post Office and the like.
本文「載體」的範例為紙製品、塑膠製品、金屬製品或其材料之組合所製成的製品,只要其具有供二維條碼呈現於其上且在特定條碼區塊的位置呈現特定深度或厚度即可。在載體上呈現三維防偽二維條碼的方式包括但不限於印刷或是三維(3D)列印。由於二維條碼的圖案在顯示器的螢幕上並無法呈現其特定 深度或厚度,因此本文「載體」將排除顯示器以及其螢幕的適用。 An example of the "carrier" in this article is a product made of paper products, plastic products, metal products or a combination of materials, as long as it has a two-dimensional bar code to be displayed on it and presents a specific depth or thickness in a specific bar code block position OK. Ways to present a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional barcode on a carrier include but are not limited to printing or three-dimensional (3D) printing. Because the pattern of the two-dimensional bar code cannot be displayed on the monitor screen Depth or thickness, so the "carrier" in this article will exclude the applicability of the display and its screen.
本文「深度鏡頭」或「深度攝影機」係指利用光學飛行時間(Time of Flight,ToF)、結構光及雙目視覺等技術而可擷取目標物的動作或立體深度的裝置。例如微軟公司的Kinect感應器裝置;蘋果公司智慧型手機iPhone X上搭載的真實深度攝影系統(又稱為Face ID技術)的裝置,其整合了麥克風、揚聲器、前置鏡頭、環境光感測器、距離感應器(proximity sensor)、紅外線鏡頭、泛光感應元件(flood illuminator)及點陣投影器(dot projector)。 "Depth lens" or "depth camera" in this article refers to a device that uses time of flight (ToF), structured light, and binocular vision technologies to capture the motion or three-dimensional depth of a target. For example, Microsoft’s Kinect sensor device; Apple’s smart phone iPhone X equipped with true depth photography system (also known as Face ID technology) device, which integrates microphone, speaker, front lens, ambient light sensor , Proximity sensor (proximity sensor), infrared lens, flood illuminator (flood illuminator) and dot projector.
1、40‧‧‧快速回應條碼(二維條碼) 1, 40‧‧‧Quick response barcode (two-dimensional barcode)
2、43‧‧‧定位偵測圖案 2. 43‧‧‧Position detection pattern
3、22a、42‧‧‧條碼區塊 3. 22a, 42‧‧‧Barcode block
4‧‧‧校正圖案 4‧‧‧Correction pattern
10‧‧‧二維條碼系統 10‧‧‧Two-dimensional barcode system
11‧‧‧編碼模組 11‧‧‧Coding Module
12‧‧‧糾錯模組 12‧‧‧Error correction module
13‧‧‧隱藏碼建立模組 13‧‧‧Hidden code creation module
14‧‧‧分配模組 14‧‧‧Distribution module
20‧‧‧至少一資訊 20‧‧‧At least one piece of information
21‧‧‧第一數據編碼 21‧‧‧First data encoding
23‧‧‧隱藏碼 23‧‧‧Secret code
24‧‧‧第二數據編碼 24‧‧‧Second data encoding
25、29‧‧‧糾錯碼字 25, 29‧‧‧Error correction codeword
26‧‧‧第三數據編碼 26‧‧‧Third data encoding
27‧‧‧第五數據編碼 27‧‧‧Fifth data encoding
28‧‧‧第六數據編碼 28‧‧‧Sixth data encoding
30‧‧‧第七數據編碼 30‧‧‧Seventh data encoding
31‧‧‧定位偵測隱藏碼 31‧‧‧Location detection hidden code
32‧‧‧第四數據編碼 32‧‧‧Fourth data encoding
41‧‧‧載體 41‧‧‧Carrier
44‧‧‧影像 44‧‧‧Image
本發明的上述目的及優點在參閱以下詳細說明及附隨圖式之後對那些所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者將變得更立即地顯而易見。 The above objects and advantages of the present invention will become more immediately apparent to those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field after referring to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
第1圖為習用快速回應條碼的示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional quick response barcode.
第2圖為本發明實施例的二維條碼系統的示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional barcode system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖為本發明實施例包含資訊之數據編碼及隱藏碼之二維條碼的數據編碼示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of data encoding of a two-dimensional bar code including data encoding of information and hidden codes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖為本發明實施例包含糾錯碼字之數據編碼示意圖。 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of data encoding including error correction codewords according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖為本發明另一實施例包含糾錯碼字及隱藏碼之二維條碼的數據編碼示意圖。 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of data encoding of a two-dimensional bar code including error correction codewords and concealment codes according to another embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖為具有雙重糾錯碼字之數據編碼的示意圖。 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of data encoding with double error correction codewords.
第7圖為本發明實施例的三維防偽的二維條碼之示意圖。 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional barcode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第8圖為本發明實施例的三維防偽的二維條碼之立 體示意圖。 Figure 8 is the stand of the three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional barcode according to the embodiment of the present invention Body diagram.
第9圖為第7圖的二維條碼A-A’截線的側視圖。 Figure 9 is a side view of the A-A' section of the two-dimensional barcode in Figure 7.
第10圖為本發明實施例包含定位偵測隱藏碼之數據編碼之示意圖。 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of data encoding including location detection concealment codes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第11圖為本發明實施例在二維條碼中具有較高厚度的定位偵測圖案之示意圖。 FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a positioning detection pattern with a higher thickness in a two-dimensional barcode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖為本發明實施例的不可視二維條碼示意圖。 Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an invisible two-dimensional barcode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
本案所提出的發明將可由以下的實施例說明而得到充分瞭解,使得所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可以據以完成,然而本案的實施並非可由下列實施例而被限制其實施型態,所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者仍可依據除既揭露的實施例的精神推演出其他實施例,該等實施例皆當屬於本發明的範圍。 The invention proposed in this case will be fully understood by the following examples, so that those with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can complete it. However, the implementation of this case is not limited by the following examples. Those with ordinary knowledge in the field can still deduce other embodiments based on the spirit of the disclosed embodiments, and these embodiments should fall within the scope of the present invention.
在本發明中,隱藏碼被加入二維條碼的編碼中,而且在載體上產生二維條碼圖案的過程中,使特定條碼區塊相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度,以實現二維條碼的三維防偽機制。 In the present invention, the concealed code is added to the encoding of the two-dimensional bar code, and in the process of generating the two-dimensional bar code pattern on the carrier, the specific bar code block has a higher thickness and/or more than other bar code blocks. Deep depth to realize the three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of the two-dimensional barcode.
本發明揭示的二維條碼包括但不限於將多個一維條碼縱向堆疊而成的線性堆疊式二維條碼、以及在一矩形空間藉由黑、白圖元的分佈而編碼的矩陣式二維條碼。常見且被廣為使用的矩陣式二維條碼包括但不限於快速回應條碼。快速回應條碼通常以黑、白圖元所組成的圖案表明其帶有的資訊,但是由彩色圖元所構成的快速回應條碼也落在本發明請求保護的範圍內。因此,以下實施例僅以由黑、白圖元構成的快速回應條碼作為實施 例,所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者均理解其他二維條碼也適用於本發明實施例。 The two-dimensional barcode disclosed in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a linearly stacked two-dimensional barcode formed by stacking a plurality of one-dimensional barcodes longitudinally, and a matrix two-dimensional barcode encoded by the distribution of black and white image elements in a rectangular space Barcode. Common and widely used matrix 2D barcodes include but are not limited to quick response barcodes. The quick response bar code usually uses a pattern composed of black and white image elements to indicate the information it carries, but the quick response bar code composed of color image elements also falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following embodiments only take the quick response barcode composed of black and white primitives as implementation For example, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field understand that other two-dimensional barcodes are also applicable to the embodiments of the present invention.
本發明揭露一種建立二維條碼的三維防偽機制的方法及系統。該二維條碼表明至少一資訊。該方法包括:將複數隱藏碼加入編碼自至少一資訊的數據編碼,以形成防偽數據編碼,並將防偽數據編碼分配於二維條碼上的複數條碼區塊。接著,以複數條碼區塊為基礎,在載體上形成二維條碼的圖案,其中複數條碼區塊藉複數隱藏碼而使複數條碼區塊中的特定條碼區塊相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。 The invention discloses a method and system for establishing a three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of a two-dimensional bar code. The two-dimensional bar code indicates at least one piece of information. The method includes: adding a complex hidden code to a data code encoded from at least one piece of information to form an anti-counterfeiting data code, and distributing the anti-counterfeiting data code to a plurality of barcode blocks on the two-dimensional barcode. Then, based on a plurality of barcode blocks, a two-dimensional barcode pattern is formed on the carrier, wherein the plurality of barcode blocks uses a plurality of hidden codes to make a specific barcode block in the plurality of barcode blocks have a higher value than other barcode blocks. High thickness and/or deep depth.
在上述實施例中的方法,還包括將複數糾錯碼字連同該複數隱藏碼加入數據編碼,或者將複數糾錯碼字加入防偽數據編碼。 The method in the foregoing embodiment further includes adding a complex error correction code word together with the complex concealment code to the data encoding, or adding a complex error correction code word to the anti-counterfeiting data encoding.
在上述實施例中,二維條碼還包括至少二定位偵測圖案,該定位偵測隱藏碼被加入防偽數據編碼,定位偵測隱藏碼表明二維條碼於載體上形成時,至少二定位偵測圖案中的一個定位偵測圖案相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。 In the above embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode further includes at least two positioning detection patterns, the positioning detection hidden code is added to the anti-counterfeiting data code, and the positioning detection hidden code indicates that when the two-dimensional barcode is formed on the carrier, at least two positioning detection A positioning detection pattern in the pattern has a higher thickness and/or a deeper depth than other barcode blocks.
請參閱第1圖,其為習用快速回應條碼的示意圖。在第1圖中,正方形圖案的快速回應條碼1在其三個直角區域具有三個「回」字型的定位偵測圖案2,用以標記快速回應條碼1的大小,運算裝置上的一般鏡頭或深度鏡頭在其視野下擷取快速回應條碼1,運算裝置上的處理器判斷快速回應條碼1的方向性,並藉由讀取快速回應條碼1的黑、白圖元而解碼快速回應條碼1所表明的資訊。定位偵測圖案2周圍設置有格式資訊及版本資訊的條碼區塊
3,快速回應條碼1還具有用於校正座標系的校正圖案4。快速回應條碼的標準至少有40個版本,包括:具有441(21×21)個矩陣(條碼區塊)的版本,具有625(25×25)個矩陣的版本,並以((V-1)×4+21)2的公式作為每一版本的矩陣數目,V為版本數。因此版本40具有31329(177×177)個矩陣。目前,低於441個矩陣或高於31329個矩陣的快速回應條碼已被廣泛應用於各式商品及服務。
Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the conventional quick response barcode. In Figure 1, the
請合併參閱第2圖及第3圖,其分別為本發明實施例的二維條碼系統的示意圖,以及包含資訊之數據編碼及隱藏碼之二維條碼的數據編碼示意圖。在第2圖及第3圖中,二維條碼系統10中的編碼模組11將至少一資訊20(例如英文A~J及數字0~9交錯組成的資訊:A0B1C2D3E4F5G6H7I8J9)編碼為第一數據編碼21,此第一數據編碼21最終以二維條碼的方式呈現於載體上。編碼模組11並將第一數據編碼21分為二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊22a。此外,二維條碼系統10廣泛地可設置於處理器或其他運算裝置中。
Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 together, which are respectively a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional barcode system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a schematic diagram of data encoding of a two-dimensional barcode containing information data encoding and hidden codes. In Figures 2 and 3, the
接著,隱藏碼建立模組13從M個條碼區塊22a中選擇N個條碼區塊42(參見第11圖),且為N個條碼區塊42中的每一區塊產生隱藏碼23,並將隱藏碼23加入第一數據編碼21後面,以形成第二數據編碼24。N為小於M的正整數,且M個條碼區塊22a藉由隱藏碼23而使二維條碼於載體上形成時,N個條碼區塊42相較於其他條碼區塊(M-N個條碼區塊)具有較高的厚度及/或較深的深度。
Next, the hidden
與編碼模組11耦接的隱藏碼建立模組13為隱藏碼23決定第一指令或第二指令,第一指令及第二指令分別表明隱藏碼23最終在二維條碼形成時特定條碼區塊為較高厚度及較深深度。
當表明N個條碼區塊帶有第一指令的隱藏碼23被加入第一數據編碼21後面時,所形成的二維條碼圖案中的N個條碼區塊均具有較高厚度。當表明N個條碼區塊帶有第二指令的隱藏碼23被加入第一數據編碼21後面時,所形成的二維條碼圖案中的N個條碼區塊均具有較深厚度。當表明N個條碼區塊中的p個特定條碼區塊帶有第一指令的隱藏碼23以及表明N個條碼區塊中的q個特定條碼區塊帶有第二指令的隱藏碼23被加入第一數據編碼21後面時,所形成的二維條碼圖案中該p個特定條碼區塊具有較高高度,而二維條碼圖案中該q特定條碼區塊具有較深厚度,p及q的個數總和為N。
The hidden
之後,與隱藏碼建立模組13耦接的分配模組14將第二數據編碼24分配於二維條碼上的M個條碼區塊中,以俾在載體上形成二維條碼之圖案。如第7圖所示,以具有441個條碼區塊(黑、白圖元)的快速回應條碼40(亦稱為二維條碼40)為例,隱藏碼建立模組13為其中的16個條碼區塊42(以斜線表示的圖元)於編碼階段加入隱藏碼,使之在載體41上形成二維條碼40的圖案時,這16個條碼區塊42相較於其他條碼區塊具有較高的厚度及/或較低的深度。前述以斜線表示的圖元本身可為黑圖元,亦可為白圖元。
After that, the
接著,使用者操作電腦或類似裝置而執行二維條碼(以快速回應條碼為範例)的輸出,透過印刷設備、雷射設備、蝕刻設備、三維列印機或類似設備而在載體上(例如紙張、塑膠平面、金屬平面或其材料之組合的平面)形成二維條碼。 Then, the user operates a computer or similar device to execute the output of the two-dimensional bar code (using the quick response bar code as an example), and print it on the carrier (such as paper) through printing equipment, laser equipment, etching equipment, 3D printer or similar equipment. , Plastic plane, metal plane or a combination of their materials) form a two-dimensional bar code.
進一步而言,為避免帶有隱藏碼之二維條碼受到物理性摩擦、日曬或水氣影響或其他因素而破損或磨損,使得二維條碼中的隱藏碼無法被辨識,因此本發明將糾錯碼字加入數據編 碼中。糾錯碼字在部分隱藏碼破損或磨損時仍可輔助鏡頭擷取到隱藏碼、並由運算裝置讀取及解碼,糾錯碼字亦在二維條碼本身帶有的部分條碼區塊破損或磨損時仍可輔助運算裝置讀取及解碼二維條碼本身的資訊。 Furthermore, in order to prevent the two-dimensional bar code with hidden code from being damaged or worn by physical friction, sun or moisture or other factors, the hidden code in the two-dimensional bar code cannot be recognized, so the present invention will correct Add the wrong code word to the data code Code in. When part of the concealment code is damaged or worn, the error correction code can still assist the lens to capture the concealment code, which is read and decoded by the arithmetic device. The error correction code is also damaged or damaged in part of the barcode block of the two-dimensional barcode itself. It can still assist the computing device to read and decode the information of the 2D barcode itself when worn.
如第2及4圖所示,與編碼模組11及/或隱藏碼建立模組13耦接的糾錯模組12根據預設之編碼等級以及隱藏碼23的數量產生複數糾錯碼字25,並將複數糾錯碼字25加入第二數據編碼24後面而形成第三數據編碼26。分配模組再將第三數據編碼26分配於二維條碼40上的M個條碼區塊22a中,使得在載體41上形成二維條碼40之圖案。在第4圖中,糾錯碼字25是跟隨在隱藏碼23之後,亦即,第三數據編碼26為具有「第一數據編碼21-隱藏碼23-糾錯碼字25」示意結構的數據編碼。
As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the
當以快速回應條碼作為二維條碼的範例時,依據前述快速回應條碼的版本說明,M為等於或大於441的正整數。糾錯模組可為二維條碼設定糾錯等級(編碼等級),糾錯等級L、M、Q及H分別具有約7%、約15%、約25%及約30%的糾錯能力,使最終在載體上形成的二維條碼受到髒污、破損,仍能在二維條碼被擷取之後自動恢復數據。前述糾錯等級並不限於L、M、Q及H,其他糾錯等級亦適用於本發明。 When a quick response barcode is used as an example of a two-dimensional barcode, according to the version description of the aforementioned quick response barcode, M is a positive integer equal to or greater than 441. The error correction module can set the error correction level (coding level) for the two-dimensional bar code. The error correction levels L, M, Q and H have about 7%, about 15%, about 25% and about 30% error correction capabilities, respectively. The final two-dimensional bar code formed on the carrier is soiled and damaged, and the data can still be recovered automatically after the two-dimensional bar code is captured. The aforementioned error correction levels are not limited to L, M, Q, and H, and other error correction levels are also applicable to the present invention.
請參閱第5圖,其為本發明另一實施例包含糾錯碼字及隱藏碼之二維條碼的數據編碼示意圖。在第5圖中,糾錯模組12根據預設之編碼等級以及M個條碼區塊22a的數量產生糾錯碼字25,再將糾錯碼字25加入第一數據編碼21後面,形成第五數據編碼27,此糾錯碼字25能夠在二維條碼本身帶有的部分條碼區塊受
損時仍可輔助運算裝置讀取及解碼二維條碼本身的至少一資訊20。之後,隱藏碼建立模組13再將針對第一數據編碼21的N個條碼區塊42而將隱藏碼23加入第五數據編碼27後面,形成第六數據編碼28。分配模組14將此第六數據編碼28取代原先的第二數據編碼24或者第三數據編碼26而分配於二維條碼40上的M個條碼區塊中,使得在載體41上形成二維條碼40之圖案。
Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of data encoding of a two-dimensional barcode including error correction codewords and concealment codes according to another embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 5, the
進一步而言,糾錯模組12可將對第一數據編碼21及隱藏碼23均加入糾錯碼字,使得運算裝置仍可順利讀取及解碼二維條碼中破損的部分條碼區塊及破損的隱藏碼。如第6圖所示,糾錯模組12根據預設之編碼等級以及隱藏碼23的數量,在第六數據編碼28的隱藏碼23後面加入另一糾錯碼字29,以形成第七數據編碼30,此第七數據編碼30帶有雙重的糾錯碼字,其中糾錯碼字25係針對第一數據編碼讀取及解碼時的糾錯進行設置,糾錯碼字29係針對隱藏碼讀取及解碼時的糾錯進行設置。
Furthermore, the
本發明在數據編碼中加入隱藏碼,使得在載體41上形成二維條碼40的圖案時,16個條碼區塊42(以斜線表示的圖元)相較於其他黑色條碼區塊為突起區塊(參見第7及8圖)。此突起區塊可供操作者以配備深度鏡頭或深度攝影機的運算裝置擷取,以解碼快速回應條碼所表明的資訊A0B1C2D3E4F5G6H7I8J9,分析是否帶有隱藏碼以及隱藏碼是否為正確隱藏碼。
In the present invention, a hidden code is added to the data encoding, so that when the pattern of the two-
第8圖的二維條碼40的16個條碼區塊42亦可以較高厚度及較低深度的混合方式呈現。請參閱第9圖,其為第7圖的二維條碼A-A’截線的側視圖。在第9圖中,為便於說明及觀察,二維條碼40的A-A’截線的黑、白圖元(條碼區塊)被繪製為具有一定
且相同的高度,而具有較高厚度或較低深度的特定條碼區塊42以高於黑、白圖元或低於黑、白圖元的方式繪製。在第9圖中,較高厚度及較深深度為微米等級,例如介於1~10微米之間的任何數值,該數值是指比一般的黑、白圖元更高或更深的尺寸。當二維條碼的圖案是在金屬或塑膠製品上呈現時,具有較深深度的特定條碼區塊可深入至金屬或塑膠製品內部,形成類似蝕刻的效果;具有較高厚度的特定條碼可以三維列印方式增加特定條碼區塊位置的材料,使特定條碼區塊具有較高厚度。
The 16 barcode blocks 42 of the two-
第10圖為本發明實施例包含定位偵測隱藏碼之數據編碼之示意圖。在第10圖中,隱藏碼建立模組13也可為定位偵測圖案產生定位偵測隱藏碼31,並為定位偵測隱藏碼31決定第一或第二指令,將定位偵測隱藏碼31加入第三數據編碼26以形成第四數據編碼32,使定位偵測圖案最終在二維條碼形成時相較於一般的條碼區塊為較高厚度或較深深度。如第11圖所示,二維條碼40的定位偵測圖案43及16個條碼區塊42相較於一般的條碼區塊具有較高厚度。
Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of data encoding including location detection concealment codes according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 10, the hidden
請參閱第12圖,其為本發明實施例的不可視二維條碼示意圖。在第12圖中,本發明具有三維防偽機制的二維條碼40以類似浮水印之方式形成於載體(例如紙製品)上的影像44上,操作者同樣可操作深度鏡頭或深度攝影機來擷取二維條碼40,並解碼二維條碼40所表明的資訊,分析是否帶有隱藏碼以及隱藏碼是否為正確隱藏碼。
Please refer to Fig. 12, which is a schematic diagram of an invisible two-dimensional barcode according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 12, the two-
本發明之技術至少具有以下優點:(1)有效的產品或其包裝容器的防偽功效、(2)以三維列印或蝕刻技術即可達成三維 防偽機制、(3)有效地將二維條碼所帶有的資訊區分為一般資訊及隱藏資訊、(4)隱藏資訊使正牌產品或服務的提供者透過深度鏡頭的讀取而快速分辨產品或服務之真偽、(5)二維條碼中的一般資訊仍可供消費者擷取、(6)含有本發明三維防偽機制的二維條碼能保留載體上圖案視覺的完整性、(7)二維條碼的三維防偽機制不明顯,使仿冒者忽略及難以達成三維防偽機制、以及(8)對數據編碼及隱藏碼進行雙重糾錯。 The technology of the present invention has at least the following advantages: (1) Effective anti-counterfeiting effect of the product or its packaging container, (2) Three-dimensional printing or etching technology can achieve three-dimensional Anti-counterfeiting mechanism, (3) effectively distinguish the information contained in the two-dimensional barcode into general information and hidden information, (4) hidden information so that the authentic product or service provider can quickly distinguish the product or service through the in-depth lens reading (5) The general information in the two-dimensional barcode can still be retrieved by consumers, (6) the two-dimensional barcode containing the three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of the present invention can retain the visual integrity of the pattern on the carrier, (7) the two-dimensional The three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism of the barcode is not obvious, which makes it difficult for counterfeiters to ignore the three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting mechanism, and (8) double error correction for data encoding and hidden codes.
本發明實屬難能的創新發明,深具產業價值,援依法提出申請。此外,本發明可以由所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者做任何修改,但不脫離如所附申請專利範圍所要保護的範圍。 The present invention is really a difficult innovation and has deep industrial value. In addition, the present invention can be modified by persons with ordinary knowledge in the technical field, but does not deviate from the scope of protection as claimed in the attached patent scope.
40‧‧‧快速回應條碼(二維條碼) 40‧‧‧Quick response barcode (two-dimensional barcode)
41‧‧‧載體 41‧‧‧Carrier
42‧‧‧條碼區塊 42‧‧‧Barcode block
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